2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习阅读理解题型分类练八主旨大意题__文章大意类

这是一份2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习阅读理解题型分类练八主旨大意题__文章大意类，共7页。
阅读理解题型分类练(八)　主旨大意题——文章大意类A[2022·江西五校高三联考]Dad loved basketball and hoped that one day I would play the game. He taught me a lot, and I was pretty good until the accident. We were on the highway. Our little car spun off the road, squealing (发出长而尖的声音) as Dad tried to bring it under control. Then everything was suddenly dark. The next thing I remembered was being told I wasn't going to walk again.Mom and I learned to live with it. Dad took it hard.“Sometimes I think he blames himself，” Mom said. “Whenever he sees you in the wheelchair he wants to put it out of his mind.”One day Mr. Evans, an elder in our neighborhood, asked me if I wanted to join a wheelchair basketball team he was starting. When I told Mom, she was all for it, but Dad just looked at me and mumbled (嘟哝) something. I didn't know what to make of Dad's reaction, but I knew I wanted to play.I began my first practice on a Friday afternoon. What surprised me most was that I found Dad sitting in the stand and watched us go through our drills. We finished our regular practice, and Mr. Evans motioned for my father to come down to the court.“Jim, I happen to know that you played pro basketball，” Mr. Evans said. “I think you can show the kids some fundamentals.” Dad agreed he would like to give it a try.We practiced the whole summer. Dad came every day. “I thought you were terrible at first，” he said one afternoon. “But I think you can play with Madison (a very good teen wheelchair basketball team) now.”Dad only comes to practice once in a while now, but he comes to the games when they're on the weekend. I didn't want to push him because I liked him coming to practice, and Mom didn't mind at all.“Jim, if you were in a wheelchair，” she asked, “do you think you could play as well as Chris？”Dad was on his laptop and looked over the screen at Mom and mumbled something. I figured he was saying that there was no way he could play as well as me in a wheelchair, but I didn't ask him to repeat it.1．How might Jim feel about his son's disability?A．Angry.    B．Sympathetic.C．Guilty.    D．Confused.2．What was Jim's initial reaction to the idea of his son playing wheelchair basketball?A．He was all for it.B．He argued with his wife.C．He chose to consult Mr. Evans.D．He avoided giving a definite answer.3．What did Mr. Evans ask Jim to do?A．Help the team get better.B．Pick up his old hobbies.C．Lift his son's spirit.D．Act as a judge for the team.4．What message does the text convey?A．Experience is better gained through practice.B.Parents learn a lot from educating their children.C．Children cannot succeed without the support of their family.D.Difficulties in life cannot block the path to achieving dreams.B[2022·广东省七校高三第二次联考]When we were born, we were perfect. As we grow, we develop many complexities due to many influences in our lives. Our brain collects and saves all kinds of information from the moment we were born. Apart from our brain having memory, cells in our body have their own memory, meaning that our body stores memories, both physiologically and psychologically. We are complex emotional beings in nature compared with any other living thing.Apparently, physiological and psychological memories strongly influence our emotions! Interestingly, we can create, store and release emotions like energy. Moreover, if we do not process our negative emotions properly and suppress (压制) them for a long time, they can find a way out violently and unexpectedly. Unfortunately, we carry our guilt throughout our lives putting the ever­increasing burden on our shoulders.Both guilt and anger are useless for us. Therefore, one may ask: Is there a way to put down the burden from our shoulders? It is possible, indeed. Importantly, since our guilt and anger inside us are neither released nor given attention to, they are stored. Actually, we should take action to address our negative emotions in order to remove them from our system.We cannot just wish them away.  In fact, by acknowledging their presence and providing a channel for them, we can dissolve our emotions gradually. Is there a better way to unload our burden? Luckily, we have a natural gift for processing our feelings and emotions—forgiveness.Indeed, forgiving ourselves is a great way to dissolve negative emotions. Of course, we should also learn to readily forgive others, and when we learn to forgive ourselves, we also naturally forgive others.In summary, it is no good carrying our years of emotional baggage. By forgiving, we can throw away the emotional baggage we carry for years. Forgive your past mistakes. The moment you start forgiving, you will feel relieved and years of heaviness will lift magically!5．What can we know from the first paragraph?A．Human beings are born with complexities.B．Our body has the ability to memorize information.C.Our brain can collect and retain all information.D.Not all the other living things have complex emotions like human beings.6．Why do some people relieve themselves from negative emotions violently?A．Human beings are complex emotional beings in nature.B．Physiological and psychological memories strongly affect their emotions.C．Bad emotions are inside them for too long and are dealt with incorrectly.D．Their body stores both physiological and psychological memories.7．Which of the following statements may the author agree with?A．Drink some wine and you may feel relieved.B.There is a way to dissolve your guilt only if you have the wish.C．Try to release your anger and guilt, or they will be stored inside.D．Every coin has two sides, which is true of our guilt and anger.8．What's the main idea of this passage?A．Learning to forgive helps people unload their psychological burden.B．Forgiving is the best way for people to dissolve negative emotions.C．Forgiving ourselves is the first step of forgiving others.D．Being energetic and optimistic leads to a happier life.C[2022·河南省高三高考适应性测试]The yogurt that's past its sell­by date. The banana in your lunch that turned brown. The leftovers in the fridge that you forgot to eat. For most people, all that food goes right into the garbage can.Eight to ten percent of global greenhouse gas emissions (排放物) are related to food waste, according to a report by the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. “When you throw away an egg or a sandwich，” says Yvette Cabrera, food waste director at the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC)，“you're also throwing away all the resources that went into producing those things.”They include not only all the water, land, and fertilizer (肥料) that went into producing that food, but also the massive amounts of fossil fuels used to power the farms, transport the food, and create the packaging.Then there's the issue of what happens to food after it's thrown out. More food ends up in U．S. landfills than any other type of trash. Food rotting in landfills produces methane (甲烷), a greenhouse gas that's roughly 25 times more powerful at trapping heat in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide, which is produced by burning fossil fuels.Food waste is a difficult problem to solve, though, in part because it happens for different reasons depending on the country. In developing nations, 40 percent of food is lost before it ever reaches people's homes, because many of those countries lack the technology and tools to preserve food.It's another story in wealthier countries, where most of the food is wasted in people's kitchens. Americans, for example, throw out a quarter of their groceries each year, on average, according to the NRDC. That's like going to the grocery store, leaving with four bags of groceries, and then throwing one of them into the garbage before you get home.9．What does the passage mainly talk about?A．The problem of food waste.B．The awareness of food saving.C．The necessity of food diversity.D．The ways of food preservation.10．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A．The leftovers in the fridge.B．The packaging materials of products.C．The thrown eggs or sandwiches.D．The resources to produce food.11．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 4?A．Provide a persuasive example.B．Add more background information.C．Discuss a more serious consequence.D．Summarize the previous paragraphs.12．In what stage does food waste mainly happen in developed countries?A．Storage.    B．Transportation.C．Processing.    D．Consumption.  阅读理解题型分类练(八)A语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事——坐着轮椅打篮球【语篇解读】　作者在一次事故中双腿受伤，不能再行走，不得不坐轮椅生活。在一位社区长辈的邀请下，作者参加了轮椅篮球队。作者的父亲曾是职业篮球选手，在他的训练和作者的努力下，作者的篮球技能有了很大提高，作者终于能坐着轮椅打篮球甚至参加比赛了。1．答案与解析：C　推断。根据第二段中母亲所说的话可知，母亲感觉到父亲很自责，想忘掉这件事情。据此可以推知，对于儿子的残疾，父亲感到很内疚，故C项正确。2．答案与解析：D　理解具体信息。根据第三段最后两句中的“When I told Mom... Dad's reaction”可知，与母亲完全赞同的反应相反，父亲只是看着作者，嘴里嘟哝着什么。据此可知，对于作者参加轮椅篮球队的想法，父亲没有给出明确的态度。故D项正确。3．答案与解析：A　推断。根据第五段Evans先生所说的话，再结合下文介绍的父亲训练轮椅篮球队可知，Evans先生邀请父亲培训轮椅篮球队队员，是为了让队伍更好，故A项正确。4．答案与解析：D　理解文章主旨要义。通读全文可知，文中主要讲述了作者在一次事故中双腿受伤，不能再行走，不得不坐轮椅生活。在一位社区长辈的邀请下，他参加了轮椅篮球队；父亲曾是职业篮球选手，在他的训练下，作者终于能坐着轮椅打篮球甚至参加比赛了。据此可知，D项“生活中的困难无法阻挡实现梦想的道路”符合本文主旨。B语篇类型：议论文　主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事——学会原谅【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了负面情绪会让人们身心负担过重，而学会原谅会释放这些压力。5．答案与解析：B　理解具体信息。根据第一段中的“cells in our body... our body stores memories”可知，我们的身体有记忆信息的能力，故B项正确。6．答案与解析：C　理解具体信息。根据第二段中的“if we do not process... violently and unexpectedly”可知，如果负面情绪长期积聚在体内而不能被恰当地处理，人们可能会暴力地将它们宣泄出去，故C项正确。7．答案与解析：C　理解具体信息。根据第三段中的“since our guilt... they are stored”可知，如果内疚和愤怒无法释放出去或者得不到重视，它们就会积聚在体内，故C项正确。8．答案与解析：A　理解文章主旨要义。根据本文最后一段中的“In summary, it is no good... we carry for years”可知，本文主要讲述了学会原谅会帮助我们释放情绪上的负担，故A项正确。C语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——食物浪费及其对气候的影响【语篇解读】　有报道称，部分全球温室气体排放与食物浪费有关。但是，由于经济发展的不均衡等因素，食物浪费问题很难解决。由于缺乏保鲜技术和工具，许多发展中国家的食物还没到达人们的家中便被浪费掉了。9．答案与解析：A　理解文章主旨要义。通读全文可知，本文第二段的第一句“Eight to ten percent... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change”为全文的主旨句，又结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了食物浪费及其影响和原因，故A项正确。10．答案与解析：D　理解词汇。根据第二段尾句中的“you're also... producing those things”可知，浪费食物还意味着丢掉了所有用于生产那些食物的资源。根据第三段首句可知，那些资源不仅包括用于生产食物的所有水、土地和肥料，还包括用于农场供电、运输食物和制造包装的大量化石燃料。据此可知，They指代上句的“生产食物的资源”。11．答案与解析：C　理解目的。通读第四段可知，该段主要陈述了浪费食物导致的严重后果：产生温室气体甲烷，该气体吸热能力是二氧化碳的大约25倍。12．答案与解析：D　理解具体信息。根据尾段第一句“It's another story... people's kitchens”可知，在相对更富裕的国家，大多数食物被浪费在人们的厨房里。据此可知，在发达国家，食品被浪费在食用阶段。