高中英语高考常考熟词生义(选自2020-2022高考试卷，共20个）

高考英语常考熟词生义1.sweep[熟义]v. 扫；打扫；清扫；清除  [生义]n. 绵延弯曲的地带；广博的范围，广度【2022•全国乙卷】 The sweep of the land and the stoicism （坚忍） of the people move her to some beautiful writing .土地的辽阔和人们的坚毅让她写出了优美的文字。2.drive  [熟义]v.驾驶；开（车） [生义]v.推动 n.冲劲；干劲【2022•新高考全国卷Ⅰ】 It drives the evolution of human beings. 它推动了人类的进化。【2022•全国甲卷】 We ' ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country .我们的根基建立在古老的文化之上，但也有着年轻国家的干劲和活力。3.run  [熟义]v .跑  [生义]v .发表；刊登；管理；经营 n .旅程，航程【2022•新高考全国卷】 Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled " Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner ."《体线》最近刊登了一篇题为"感谢健身伙伴的五个理由"的文章。【2022•全国甲卷】 After our third run Andrew shut down the engine，and we went our separate ways --- he for a lunch break , I to explore the city . 第三次航程结束后，安德鲁关掉引擎，我们各奔东西——他去吃午餐，我去探索这座城市。【2020•全国卷Ⅱ】 Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. 生物学家埃德蒙·穆顿负责路易斯安那州的海狸鼠控制项目。4. stick   [熟义] v.粘（住）；贴（住）  [生义]v.（尤指迅速或随手）放置【2022•新高考全国卷Ⅰ】 I stuck the chicken in the freezer . 我把鸡肉放进了冰柜。5. pick up   [熟义]v．提起；拿起  [生义]v.（风）变大；增强【2022•新高考全国卷Ⅰ】The wind picked up and thunder rolled．风越刮越大，雷声隆隆。6. produce [熟义]v. 生产；产出  [生义]n.农产品  v.展示；出示【2022•新高考全国卷Ⅰ】Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished （有瑕疵的） produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.  去年，它（华盛顿中央厨房）通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，回收了超过807500磅的食物。不然这些农产品会在地里烂掉。【2022•全国甲卷】 A year later , much to my delight , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me．一年后，令我十分开心的是，这个男人掏出一个小盒子，里面有一枚戒指，向我求婚。7.round    [熟义]adj．圆的  [生义]v.（使）成圆形→使变饱满匀称；使圆满【2022•新高考全国卷Ⅰ】 The arugula （芝麻菜）was to make a nice green salad , rounding out a roast chicken dinner． 芝麻菜用来做美味的蔬菜沙拉，为烤鸡晚餐锦上添花。8. pilot   [熟义]n .飞行员   [生义]v 驾驶（飞行器）;领航（船只）adj .试验性的；试点的【2022•全国甲卷】  Andrew Reynolds , a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living．安德鲁·雷诺兹，30岁出头，是个开朗的小伙子，以驾驶悉尼渡轮为生。【2022•新高考全国卷Ⅰ】  After a three-year pilot period , the GPNP will be officially set up next year.       经过三年的试点期，大熊猫国家公园将于明年正式建成。9. consume    [熟义]v. 消费   [生义] v .吃；喝；饮【2022•全国乙卷】   It is believed that today ' s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar , putting them at a higher risk of the disease.  据信，如今的儿童和青少年摄入的糖分是推荐量的三倍，这使他们患病的风险更高。10.content     [熟义]n．内容   [生义]n．含量【2022•全国乙卷】 Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import , depending on the sugar content． 自4月以来，饮料公司被迫根据含糖量，为生产或进口的每升含糖饮料支付18至24便士的税。11.charge     [熟义]n．负责     [生义]n．要价；收费【2022•全国乙卷】 A special low entrance charge of £2 per person is available to all in full - time education , up to and including those at first degree level , in organised groups with teachers ．所有接受全日制教育的人，包括具有学士学位的人，在教师的组织下团体参观，享受每人2英镑的特殊低价门票。12.address    [熟义]n .地址；v .写（收信人的）姓名、地址   [生义]n．演讲 v .演说；演讲；设法解决，处理【2022•全国乙卷】 The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society addressed the opening ceremony.  中华文化促进会主席在开幕式上致辞。【2020•浙江7月卷】 Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed．自适应信号灯可以确保现有的交通需求得到解决。13.house         [熟义]n．房屋      [生义]v．给......提供住处【2021•新高考全国卷Ⅰ】Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever - increasing populations , greatly reducing waterfowl habitat．数百万英亩的湿地干涸，为不断增长的人口提供食物和住房，大大减少了水禽的栖息地。14.flow    [熟义]n．流动；涨潮；流；流量 vi ．流动；涌出   [生义]n．流畅，连贯【2021•新高考全国卷Ⅰ】 His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn ' t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves． 他的工作是坐在钢琴演奏家旁边翻乐谱，这样音乐家就不用自己翻乐谱，而打断声音的流畅了。15.repeat           [熟义]v. 重复  [生义]n .(music）重复段，反复部分【2021•新高考全国卷Ⅰ】 You have to make sure you don ' t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot．你得确保自己不会一次翻两页，并确保当你必须回到正确的位置时，你能找到音乐中的重复片段。16. shot     [熟义]n．注射；投篮；发射；拍摄；开枪   [生义]n．少量饮料；（尤指）少量烈酒【2021•新高考全国卷Ⅰ】 Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests , like free shots , bar crawls and karaoke． 工作人员会为客人举办大量的酒吧活动，如免费饮酒、串酒吧和卡拉 OK 。17.state   [熟义]v. 陈述；声明；说明  [生义] v．规定；公布【2021•全国乙卷】 For the biggest stadiums in the world , we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far , which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity , as well as updated information from official stadium websites .使用《世界地图册》迄今为止提供的数据来查询世界上最大的体育场。《世界地图册》是根据体育场规定的常设容量以及来自体育场官方网站的最新信息对其进行排名的。18. score   [熟义]v. 得分；打分；获胜 [生义]vt．得到手，买到手【2021•全国甲卷】 It ' s the best way to get rid of your used clothes , score clothes from your friends , and have a party all at the same time ．这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里得到衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。19. critically    [熟义]adv．批判性地；评判性地；危急地；严重地  [生义]adv．极度地，很大程度地；极为重要地【2021•全国甲卷】 According to the World Wildlife Fund , the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a " critically endangered " status ．根据世界自然基金会的数据，全球黑犀牛数量已降至5500头，这使得这些犀牛处于"极度濒危"的状态。20.land   [熟义]n．陆地，地面 v．着陆；登陆   [生义]v. 使（某人）陷入困境／入狱／住院／卷入官司；谋得（难得的工作、合同等）【2016•全国卷Ⅰ】Her simple act landed Parks in prison．她简单的举动致使帕克斯入狱。【2015•浙江卷Ⅰ】 Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford , I ' ve watched one friend after another land high - ranking , high - paying Wall Street jobs．自从在哈佛大学和牛津大学完成学业以来，我看到一个又一个朋友在华尔街谋得职位高、薪水也高的工作。【2021•全国甲卷】 A few minutes later , when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud , shouting :" Safe ! Safe ! Safe !" 几分钟后，当我成功后，我的朋友们大声敲打着他们的滑板，喊道："安全了！安全了！安全了！"