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2022-2023学年江苏省南京航空航天大学附属高级中学高一下学期期中英语试卷含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省南京航空航天大学附属高级中学高一下学期期中英语试卷含解析，共31页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
南航附中2022-2023学年度第二学期期中考试
高一英语
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出景佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman doing now?
A. Watching TV.
B. Taking part in an activity.
C. Preparing for an exam.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In an office. B. In a store. C. In a hotel.
3. When will the speakers meet?
A. At 6:10. B. At 6:20. C. At 5:40.
4. In which country does Jane want to spend her holiday?
A. America. B. Korea. C. Japan.
5. What do we know about the woman?
A. She is fired. B. She didn’t work hard. C. She can take a day off tomorrow.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What could the man be?
A. A taxi driver. B. A policeman. C. A hotel clerk.
7. Where does the woman think she lost her cell phone?
A. In a park. B. In a supermarket. C. On her way to the hotel.
8. Where will The Magic Flute be on this weekend?
A. At the Orpheum theatre.
B. At the Caldonion theatre.
C. At the Poseidon theatre.
9. What will the man do tonight?
A. Invite Joan to dinner.
B. Give Joan a call.
C. Buy tickets.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is Isabel’s?
A. A restaurant. B. A toy shop. C. A clothing shop.
11 Who bought an evening dress?
A. Cindy. B. Wendy. C. Mrs. Miles.
12. What will the speakers do firs ?
A. Refuel the car. B. Go to a party. C. Have lunch.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man?
A. A salesman. B. A teacher. C. A student.
14. What is the second ooint being talked about?
A.The man’s education.
B.The man’s marriage.
C.The man’s demand.
15. How does the man find the job?
A. Relaxing. B. Interesting. C. Challenging.
16. What will the man do?
A. Have another interview.
B. Wait for the reply.
C. Think about the business trips.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the speaker like best?
A. Big Ben. B. Tower Bridge. C. The Tower of London.
18. Where did the speaker take a photo?
A. At Trafalgar Square.
B. At Madame Tussauds.
C. At the Royal Shakespeare Theater.
19. How old are the houses in Stratford?
A. About 500 years old.
B. About 1,000 years old.
C. About 2,000 years old.
20. Why does the speaker give the message?
A. To introduce his blog.
B. To tell about his trip in England.
C. To recommend people to visit London.
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Chester is one of the best cities in the UK. As soon as you arrive in Chester you will appreciate the city’s unique atmosphere and sense of history. Founded by the Romans over 2,000 years ago, much of the Roman influence remains and Chester’s city walls are the most complete in Britain. Combined with history and heritage(遗产), Chester is a dynamic city full of bars, pubs, clubs, hotels and restaurants for you to discover, tempting you to visit again and again.
Travelling to Chester?
Chester is easily accessible by many means of transport — whether you are travelling by rail, car, bus or plane. Please check our route planner below to help you plan your journey to Chester. Once you arrive in the city there are numerous car parks; however, during rush hours the easiest way to travel in Chester city centre is via park and ride facilities, which are parking lots with public transportation.
Hotels?
From bed & breakfasts to the luxury of Chester’s only five star hotel, Chester has all covered. Whether your trip is for business or pleasure your room is just a click away!
Sightseeing and Tours?
One of the best ways to see Chester is by a guided tour and you have a variety to choose from. Whether you choose the traditional guided walk, to be guided around Chester’s historical landmarks by bus or to take a boat down the River Dee, you will sure enjoy the delights of Chester.
1. What can we know about Chester from the first paragraph?
A. It is a newly built city.
B. It is the best city in the UK.
C. It is rich in the deep culture and modern touch.
D. Many of its city walls were completed by British people.
2. What is the most convenient way to get around Chester city centre during rush hours?
A. By bus. B. By bicycle.
C. By rail. D. By taxi.
3 What had you better do to have a better understanding of Chester?
A. Choose a bus tour. B. Join a guided tour.
C. Take a traditional walk. D. Swim down the river.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。切斯特是英国著名的历史名都，蕴藏着丰富的历史瑰宝，同时也富有现代气息，能让游客大饱眼福。
【1题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Combined with history and heritage(遗产), Chester is a dynamic city full of bars, pubs, clubs, hotels and restaurants for you to discover, tempting you to visit again and again"可推知，切斯特历史文化底蕴深厚，同时又富含现代气息，故答案为C。
【2题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"during rush hours the easiest way to travel in Chester city centre is via park and ride facilities, which are parking lots with public transportation"可知,在交通高峰期，游览切斯特市中心的最方便的方式是乘坐公共交通工具，故选A。
【3题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"One of the best ways to see Chester is by a guided tour"可知，在导游的陪同下游览切斯特才是了解切斯特的最佳方法之一，故选B。
B
Agassi was very emotional at the end of his final game. On September 3, the American tennis player said a tearful goodbye to his 21-year career after a third-round defeat in the US Open. The 36-year-old tried his best, but was unable to keep up with German Benjamin Becker, more than ten years his junior.
“The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn’t say is what I’ve found,” Agassi said to the fans. “I have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed.” It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now. His father made him play when he was a child. He got bored, and became a rebel (叛逆者). The strict training that his father pushed upon him got in the way of his wild lifestyle. He grew hair long, wore colorful clothes and spat (吐口水) at an umpire (裁判). Over the years, he has made bad jokes during news conferences.
Asked what he would say to his 17-year-old self, Agassi answered, “I would say, I understand you a lot more than I want to be you.”
The turning point in Agassi’s career came in 1992 when he unexpectedly won his first Grand Slam (大满贯赛事) at Wimbledon. It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: “winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)”.
And a marathon Agassi was about to begin. He cut his long hair, got fitter and tightened up emotionally. On the court, he was ranked No. 1 for almost two years. His lowest point came in 1997 when his ranking dropped to No. 141. He didn’t quit though. “I knew that I would try to get the most out of myself every day from that day forward. That was my promise,” he said. “That never stopped.”
4. Why was Agassi very emotional when saying goodbye to his career?
A. Because he lost to a player ten years older than him.
B. Because he felt very sad that he was no longer the best player.
C. Because this career has brought him so much.
D. Because he felt sorry for his wild lifestyle.
5. From his speech, we can see that ________.
A. he was thankful to his fans B. he refused to accept failure
C. he wished he hadn’t hated tennis when young D. he decided to take marathon as his new career
6. Through winning, Agassi learned that ________.
A. he didn’t try his best in his career B. it must take a long time for anyone to win
C. people need to never give up to win D. winning once or twice is not enough
7. It can be inferred from the passage that Agassi’s father ________.
A. was an excellent tennis player B. was good at raising Agassi
C. played a key role in Agassi choosing his career D. spent most of his time training his son
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了网球运动员阿加西退役时的演讲，并讲述了阿加西的网球生涯。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now.(这是他漫长职业生涯结束时的一次感人的演讲。阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。)”，第四段的“It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: “winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)”.(这是阿加西第一次理解真正的冠军最终理解的东西：“获胜是对神经的测试，而不仅仅是力量；这是马拉松，不是短跑)”，以及第五段的“And a marathon Agassi was about to begin. He cut his long hair, got fitter and tightened up emotionally.( 一场马拉松式的阿加西赛即将开始。他剪了长发，变得更健康，情绪绷紧)”可推断，阿加西开始并不喜欢网球，最终改掉了不良习惯，变得积极向上，因此推断，退役时阿加西情绪激动是因为网球带给他很多东西。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn’t say is what I’ve found,’ Agassi said to the fans. ‘I have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed.’(阿加西对球迷说:“记分牌上说我今天输了，但记分牌上没有说我找到了什么。”“我找到了灵感，你们想要让我成功。”)”可知，阿加西感谢自己的球迷。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: ‘winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)’.(这是阿加西第一次明白真正的冠军最终明白的道理:“胜利是对勇气的考验，而不仅仅是力量的考验;这是一场马拉松，不是短跑。”)”可知，通过胜利，阿加西了解到人胜利是对勇气的考验，胜利是一场马拉松，不仅仅是力量的考验，也就是要不放弃，才能获得胜利。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now. His father made him play when he was a child. He got bored, and became a rebel (叛逆者). The strict training that his father pushed upon him got in the way of his wild lifestyle.( 阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。当他还是个孩子的时候，他的父亲让他打网球。他厌倦了，变成了一个叛逆者。他父亲强加给他的严格训练妨碍了他狂野的生活方式。)”可推断，阿加西父亲在阿加西选择自己的职业方面起了很大的作用。故选C。
C
Tuvalu, a tiny country in the Pacific Ocean, has asked for help as it fears it will be swallowed up by the sea.
Storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none of Tuvalu's nine little islands is more than five metres above sea level. Salt water is already entering the country's drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetable. Without urgent help, the country's days are numbered.
But Tuvalu is not the first place to face sinking into the sea. Venice, a historic city in Italy best known for its canals, has sunk about 24 cm over the past 100 years. Experts say that it will have sunk another 24 cm by 2050. A century ago, St. Mark's Square, the lowest point in the city, flooded about nine times a year. Nowadays, it happens more than 100 times. While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, Tuvalu's rising sea level is caused by global warming.
The average global temperature has increased by almost 0. 5 centigrade degrees over the past century, scientists expect it to rise by extra 1.3 degrees over the next 100 years.
Warmer weather makes glaciers(冰川) melt, adding more water to the ocean. The warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more space, causing the sea level to rise. The sea level has risen 10.25 cm in the last 100 years.
The main cause of global warming is human pollution. Through burning coal, oil and gas, people have been increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as CO2. This adds to the power of the greenhouse effect, making the planet even warmer.
Many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will be huge climate changes. The sea level could rise by one meter this century.
Should this come true, the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded with "climate refugees" looking for somewhere to live.
8. We can infer from the second paragraph that .
A. Tuvalu is in danger of being swallowed up by the sea
B. all Tuvalu's islands are about five metres above the sea level
C. drinking water in Tuvalu has been destroyed
D. Tuvalu is often flooded by storms and waves
9. The author uses Tuvalu and Venice as examples in order to explain .
A. they are the first places sinking into the sea
B. they are both sinking into the mud where they stand
C. they will disappear in the future
D. their trouble is caused by global warming
10. What does "climate refugees" mean?
A. People who are forced away from their homeland by climate.
B. Climate changes.
C. Rare animals.
D. Climate effect.
11. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Tuvalu's nine little islands are less than five meters above the sea level.
B. The average global temperature has risen by 13 centigrade degrees over the past 100 years.
C. The warmer temperature causes the sea level to rise.
D. There will be huge climate changes unless the warming is stopped.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍一个因为海平面上升而处在危险的国家，引出全球变暖的问题，并陈述全球变暖的原因，旨在引起人们的关注。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“Salt water is already entering the country's drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetable. Without urgent help, the country's days are numbered.”（盐水已经进入该国的饮用水供应，并破坏了生产水果和蔬菜的植物。没有紧急援助，这个国家的日子屈指可数。）可知，在Tuvalu，海水已经进入饮用水供应系统，并且淹没了一些植物。故这里A（Tuvalu处在被海水淹没的危险中。）正确。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段内容“While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, Tuvalu's rising sea level is caused by global warming.”（当威尼斯慢慢沉入其所在的淤泥中时，图瓦卢的海平面上升是由全球变暖引起的。）文章列举这两个例子是为了说明，他们的问题都是由于全球变暖，故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Should this come true, the sea will swallow up millions of homes ”，如果这成为现实的话，海面会淹没数百万的家，世界都是满在寻找地方住的“climate refugees”，故这里“climate refugees”的意思是由于气候变话被迫离开家园的人。故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The average global temperature has increased by almost 0. 5 centigrade degrees over the past century”在过去的一百年，全球的平均气温增加了几乎0.5摄氏度，而不是B答案中说的13摄氏度，故选B。
D
The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age. On the other hand, I hesitated. I only knew the basics, but was foreign to some words on social media.
All throughout middle school, I stuck with the same thinking. And now, as a freshman in college, I am looking back and wondering why I, unlike my classmates, have never been naturally interested in social media.
Scanning Instagram, you ought to find dozens of pictures of people in beautiful countries, taking part in exciting activities, and spending time with friends and family, among many other things. The thought of doing this has never related to me. I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However, I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eyes, when not shared with others, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful, if not more so.
Most people have experienced feeling insecure (不安全) and unconfident on social media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I’ve never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.
I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted (使分心) by social media.While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages. With homework and after-class activities consuming the majority of my day, I cannot wait to finish every task on my to-do list, so I can finally spend time with my family or have some time for myself to relax from my busy day.
12. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?
A. Social media are popular in schools.
B. Young pupils suffer from social media.
C. The author has no access to social media.
D. Social media contribute to students’ study.
13. From paragraph 3, we can know that ________.
A. students get easily distracted by social media
B. pictures of people taking part in exciting activities are not real
C. family gatherings are not meaningful if not shared with others
D. the author never shares aspects of his lives with others on social media
14. Why do people using social media might feel insecure?
A. They post their images on social media.
B. They follow other people’s beauty standards totally.
C. Social media change the way they look at themselves.
D. Social media encourage them to be a unique individual.
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. A to-do list can stop people using social media.
B. Social media can waste people’s valuable time.
C. Spending time with family always enjoys first priority.
D. Students pay more attention to social media than to study.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要从作者对自己不喜欢社交媒体的这一心理的反思入手，针对社交媒体对当下人们的影响进行思考和论述。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。文章前两段讲述了作者身边的人及作者本人对社交媒体平台的态度，结合第一段前两句“The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age.(我第一次听说同学们使用社交媒体是在四年级的时候。我的很多朋友和同学在很小的时候就兴奋地登上了Instagram这样的平台)”可知，在四年级的时候，作者的朋友和同学就纷纷参与到社交媒体平台，由此可推知，社交媒体很受学生欢迎。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The thought of doing this has never related to me. I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However, I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eyes, when not shared with others, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful, if not more so. (我从来没想过要这么做。我尊重并理解那些相信使用社交媒体可以让他们表达自己并与他人分享生活的人。然而，我从来没有兴趣做同样的事情。在我看来，家庭聚会和朋友聚会在不与人分享的情况下，同样有意义，甚至更有意义)”可知，作者从来没有在社交媒体上分享自己与朋友和家人共度时光的照片。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Most people have experienced feeling insecure and unconfident on social media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I’ve never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.(大多数人在社交媒体上都有过不安全感和缺乏自信的经历。被改变的照片代表着不切实际的美丽标准，只有通过危险的方式才能获得。即使不使用社交媒体，我也知道使用Instagram和Facebook等应用程序会让我在所有方面都感到尴尬，而这些方面却会让我成为一个独一无二的人。我从来都不想在看到社交媒体上的帖子后，立即将自己和自己的生活与其进行比较)”可知，社交媒体平台上的图片等内容可能是经过编辑的，一些美丽标准是不容易实现的。且这些社交媒体容易让人产生对比心理，阅读者往往将博主的生活和自己的生活进行对比，使自己对自己的看法产生变化，而作者不同于他人，作者是不想这样去对比的。由此可推知，使用社交媒体的人之所以会感到不安全是因为社交媒体使人们之间产生对比，改变了人们看待自己的方式。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted by social media. While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages.(我经常观察到我的同学很容易被社交媒体分心。在努力完成家庭作业的同时，他们有一种强烈的冲动，想打开Instagram或Facebook，看看是否有新消息)”可知，社交媒体会影响完成作业的进度，使得人们浪费宝贵的时间去关注社交动态。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways Your Cell Phone Affects Your Body and Mind
First, some good news. Your phone can keep you safer. A study found that 137 more lives were saved per 100,000 patients when people called 911 from a mobile phone rather than from a fixed one. ___16___
Scanning your phone right before bed can cause sleep disorder. To avoid that, make a habit of not using your phone for at least 30 minutes before you close your eyes.
___17___ People now spend more than five hours a day typing and tapping, and feel eyes achy. About 60 percent of Americans experience discomfort, such as dryness, eye tiredness, and even headaches. Try taking a break from screens every 20 minutes.
When you are awake, a single sound on your phone can signal the coming news. However, this can weaken your ability to focus on a task. ___18___ It can even encourage creative ideas when you are alone. When you’re bored, four different areas of your brain become active and work together to pull in thoughts and combine them in unique ways.
Memory suffers too. ___19___ Instead of relying on the instructions from your phone’s GPS, older adults choose the old way, which increases activity in a part of the brain important for memory. Taking pictures with your phone may also harm your memory.
It would be easy to avoid all these problems by simply putting down your phone. The problem: It isn’t so easy. ___20___ And researches have proved this real. Of course, there are many phone apps to help you control your phone addiction. Or you can just let the battery rundown and forget about it!
A. But there are plenty of worries too.
B. Your phone can do damage to your eyes.
C. Silence your phone or simply put it away can help.
D. Walking with your face in your phone can be dangerous.
E. People may feel painful when separated from their phones.
F. Your hand may feel painful when you hold your phone too long.
G. Using a map and trying to remember it may be better for your brain.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。指出手机对人们的身心各个方面产生了什么影响。
【16题详解】
上文“A study found that 137 more lives were saved per 100,000 patients when people called 911 from a mobile phone rather than from a fixed one. (一项研究发现，当人们用手机拨打911而不是用固定电话拨打911时，每10万名患者中就多挽救了137条生命。)”指出使用手机能挽救生命，这是很好的消息。下文“Scanning your phone right before bed can cause sleep disorder. (睡前浏览手机会导致睡眠障碍。)”指出睡前浏览手机会造成不良影响。由此推知，空处内容与上文为转折关系。选项A“But there are plenty of worries too. (但也有很多担忧。)”指出使用手机也会产生担忧，这与上文形成转折关系，但是自然而然引出了下文，符合语境。故选A项。
【17题详解】
下文“People now spend more than five hours a day typing and tapping, and feel eyes achy. (现在，人们每天花超过五个小时打字和敲击，感觉眼睛疼痛。)”指出因为花时间在手机上打字等原因，眼睛会不舒服。选项B“Your phone can do damage to your eyes. (你的手机会伤害你的眼睛。)”指出手机会伤害眼睛，自然而然引出了下文的具体说明，符合语境。故选B项。
【18题详解】
上文“However, this can weaken your ability to focus on a task. (然而，这会削弱你专注于某项任务的能力。)”指出使用手机可能导致专注能力下降。选项C“Silence your phone or simply put it away can help. (让手机静音或干脆把它收起来会有帮助。)”承接上文，提出防止专注能力下降的措施，符合语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
上文“Memory suffers too. (记忆也会受到影响。)”指出使用手机可能会使记忆力受影响。下文“Instead of relying on the instructions from your phone’s GPS, older adults choose the old way, which increases activity in a part of the brain important for memory. (未依赖手机GPS的指示，老年人反而选择了旧的方式，这会增加大脑中对记忆至关重要的部分的活动。)”指出老年人选择不使用手机的GPS指路功能。选项G“Using a map and trying to remember it may be better for your brain. (使用地图并尝试记住它可能对你的大脑更好。)”指出使用地图对大脑更友好，这是对上文反向佐证，也自然而然引出了下文，符合语境。故选G项。
【20题详解】
上文“It would be easy to avoid all these problems by simply putting down your phone. The problem: It isn’t so easy. (只要放下手机，就很容易避免所有这些问题。问题是：放下手机并不容易。)”指出要放下手机是个难题。选项E“People may feel painful when separated from their phones. (与手机分开时，人们可能会感到痛苦。)”延续上文，指出放下手机是个难题，让人痛苦，符合语境。故选E项。
第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A single tremble shook beneath my feet. The trees above me began to sway(摇摆) hard. Then came the deadly____21____that could only mean one thing, destruction. Every house and object was now____22____. My vision blurred (模糊) even more when I saw the remains of my house. The house that used to____23____all the happiness in the world was now____24____a pile of ruined pieces. I____25____all the times I played with my little brother and sister. Images of them were____26____in my mind, so I let the darkness sweep over me completely so I could see them vividly one last time. I regained a bit of my____27____after lying on the ground for some time. My eyes viewed different things, but I walked on mindlessly, with no____28____to anything around me at all.
Years have passed since the disaster that____29____me years ago. I never thought I would be okay again after this_____30_____event.
Today I am going on a trip to California to help_____31_____of a recent earthquake. Then, I see her. A young girl is weeping into her arm. I walk toward her. Losing family was_____32_____, but because of my life changing experience, I am strong, and I can_____33_____the lives of those who are suffering as I was. When I reach the girl, she stares at me with sad eyes, and I gently stick out my hand for her to hold to. One day, she may_____34_____others the way I did for her. She holds my hand tightly, and together, we look for a brighter future where we can help those around us and_____35_____the world starting with one disaster at a time.
21 A. silence B. power C. emergency D. extinction
22. A. under pressure B. in ruins C. on hand D. in shock
23. A. promote B. supply C. contain D. measure
24 A. extremely B. obviously C. actually D. simply
25 A. adapted to B. thought of C. concentrated on D. worked out
26. A. carved B. buried C. designed D. observed
27. A. balance B. memory C. strength D. impression
28. A. request B. comparison C. path D. reaction
29. A. struck B. identified C. threatened D. reminded
30. A. amazing B. frightening C. exciting D. challenging
31. A. professionals B. volunteers C. survivors D. experts
32. A. painful B. unusual C. awkward D. unique
33. A. appreciate B. possess C. exchange D. improve
34. A. affect B. recognize C. recommend D. contact
35. A. establish B. change C. remove D. revise
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者经历了一次灾难性的地震后，人生发生了改变，并以志愿者的身份去帮助像他一样的人，同时希望人们能够在经历灾难和痛苦之后，同样能够挺身而出帮助其他人，使世界有所不同。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后是致命的沉默，这只能意味着一件事，毁灭。A. silence寂静，沉默；B. power力量；C. emergency突发事件，紧急情况；D. extinction灭绝。根据前文“A single tremble shook beneath my feet. The trees above me began to sway hard.(我的脚下颤抖了一下。我头顶上的树木开始剧烈摇晃。)”可知，作者描述了地震特别强烈时候的震动感受，而后文“destruction (毁灭)”则提示这里讲述地震过后的感受，因此结合常识可知，该句讲述是大地震过后的“安静”，与前文的强烈震动形成对比。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：现在所有的房屋和物品都成了废墟。A. under pressure在压力之下；B. in ruins成为废墟，严重受损；C. on hand在场，即将发生；D. in shock休克，震惊。根据后文“My vision blurred even more when I saw the remains of my house.(当我看到我房子的残骸时，我的视线更加模糊了。)”提及了“房屋残骸”，说明房屋和物品成为了废墟。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾经容纳了世界上所有幸福的房子现在只是一堆废墟。A. promote提升，促进；B. supply提供，供应；C. contain包含、容纳；D. measure测量，判断。根据后文“I ____5____ all the times I played with my little brother and sister.(我想起了我和弟弟妹妹一起玩的所有时光。)”提及作者以前总是和弟弟妹妹在房子里玩耍，因此，这所房子承载了以往所有的欢乐时光。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：曾经容纳了世界上所有幸福的房子现在只是一堆废墟。A. extremely非常，极其；B. obviously明显地，显而易见地；C. actually实际上，事实上；D. simply简单地，仅仅。分析语境可知，这里的副词起到强调作用，强调曾经充满欢乐的房子地震过后就只是一片废墟。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想起了我和弟弟妹妹一起玩的所有时光。A. adapted to适合，适应于；B. thought of想起，考虑；C. concentrated on专心于；D. worked out解决，算出。根据后文宾语“all the times(所有的时光)”可推知，作者想起以往和弟弟妹妹一起玩耍的时光。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的形象铭刻在我的脑海里，所以我让黑暗完全笼罩我，这样我就能最后一次生动地看到他们。A. carved雕刻；B. buried埋葬；C. designed设计；D. observed观察，遵循。根据前文“I ____5____ all the times I played with my little brother and sister.(我想起了我和弟弟妹妹一起玩的所有时光。)”可知，作者面对废墟时能够想起以往的欢乐时光，弟弟妹妹的形象深深地刻在脑海里。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在地上躺了一段时间后，我恢复了一点体力。A. balance平衡；B. memory记忆；C. strength力气，优势；D. impression印象。根据后文“after lying on the ground for some time(在地上躺了一段时间后)”可知，作者在地上休息了一会儿，恢复了一点力气。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛看到了不同的东西，但我漫无目的地走着，对周围的一切都没有反应。A. request要求；B. comparison比较，对比；C. path小路，道路；D. reaction反应，回应。根据前文“I walked on mindlessly(我漫无目的地走着)”可知，经历过大地震，失去了一切之后，作者此时漫无目的，什么东西都不能引起他的反应。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前发生在我身上的那场灾难已经过去了。A. struck碰撞，爆发，袭击；B. identified确认，认出；C. threatened威胁；D. reminded提醒，使想起。分析可知，“that ____9____ me years ago”为“the disaster”定语从句，关系代词“that”指代“the disaster”，从句中作主语，其对应的动词应是“袭击，爆发”，用在句中表达“发生在我身上”含义。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从没想过在经历了这件可怕的事情之后，我还会好起来。 A. amazing了不起的，令人诧异的；B. frightening令人害怕的，恐惧的；C. exciting令人兴奋激动的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。与前文“the deadly…(致命的)”相呼应，这里应是B项“frightening”。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我要去加州帮助最近发生的地震的幸存者。A. professionals专业人员；B. volunteers志愿者；C. survivors幸存者；D. experts专家。根据后文“When I reach the girl, she stares at me with sad eyes, and I gently stick out my hand for her to hold to. (当我走到女孩身边时，她用悲伤的眼神盯着我，我轻轻地伸出手让她握住。)”可知，这个女孩是地震幸存者，因此可推知，作者作为“过来人”去帮助这里的地震幸存者。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：失去家人是痛苦的，但因为我改变人生的经历，我变得坚强，我可以改善那些和我一样遭受痛苦的人的生活。A. painful疼痛的，痛苦的；B. unusual不同寻常的；C. awkward令人尴尬的，棘手的；D. unique独特的，独一无二的。主语“Losing family”意为“失去家人”，失去家人是痛苦的。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：失去家人是痛苦的，但因为我改变人生的经历，我变得坚强，我可以改善那些和我一样遭受痛苦的人的生活。A. appreciate欣赏，感激；B. possess拥有，具有；C. exchange交换；D. improve提高，改善。与后文“where we can help those around us(在那时我们可以帮助周围的人)”中“help”相呼应，这里应是D项“improve”，用在句中表达作者希望用自己的力量帮助改善和他拥有相同经历的人的生活。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她可能会像我对她那样影响别人。A. affect影响；B. recognize辨认，识别；C. recommend推荐，劝告；D. contact联系，联络。根据后文“the way I did for her”可推知，作者认为这个女孩或许以后也会像作者一样，用“过来人”的身份做志愿者，去帮助和影响其他人。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她紧紧地握着我的手，我们一起寻找一个更光明的未来，我们可以帮助周围的人，从一次一场灾难开始改变世界。A. establish建立，设立；B. change改变；C. remove移开，去除；D. revise修改，复习。根据前文“Today I am going on a trip to California to help ____11____ of a recent earthquake.(今天我要去加州帮助最近地震的幸存者。)”可知，作者作为一个“过来人”，用志愿者的身份去帮助其他人，这是他在经历灾难后作出的改变世界的行为，因此可推知，这里作者希望在将来能够同样在灾难发生后，去帮助受难者，改变灾难后的世界。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当得单词或括号内单词得正确形式。
Shenzhou XIII taikonauts’ six-month stay at the Tiangong space station is wrapping up. Now they face one last test of their scientific and space travel skills—returning home safely. What needs to be done before leaving ____36____ space station in mid-April?
Besides their personal ____37____(belong), astronauts also need to “pack” experimental data and samples, so they can be further researched on Earth. And they have to tidy up a large number of materials, ____38____(include) goods on the Tianzhou 3 cargo (货物) spacecraft.
Since the space station has no room service, the three astronauts need to “clean the house”____39____(they). The waste is then put into the orbital module, which burns as it re-enters Earth’s atmosphere.
They also have to put all equipment ____40____ place correctly since there will be a gap of more than one month ____41____ the astronauts of Shenzhou XIV enter the space station. The crew members need to make sure some items, such as gym equipment, ____42____(fix) to the walls to avoid floating and slipping.
Astronauts experience microgravity (微重力) for long periods of time during their stays on the space station, ____43____ has an effect on their bodies. This includes a loss of fluid, muscle atrophy as well as bone loss. ____44____(ensure) their safe and sound return, the three taikonauts have been doing physical exercises to train their muscle for the return to Earth. ____45____(base) on their in-orbit physical examinations and data, experts have customized (定制) exercise plans for each of them.
Just like a house that will be empty for a long time must have its water and power switched off, taikonauts need to check everything before they leave.
【答案】36. the
37. belongings
38. including
39. themselves
40. in 41. before
42. are fixed
43. which 44. To ensure
45. Based
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三位宇航员在离开中国空间站前需要做的事情。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在4月中旬离开空间站之前需要做什么?此处特指中国的空间站，应用定冠词the修饰名词space。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：除了个人物品，宇航员还需要“打包”实验数据和样本，以便在地球上进行进一步研究。空处应填名词作besides的宾语，belonging“所有物”符合题意，可数名词，常用复数形式。故填belongings。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：他们必须整理大量的物资，包括天舟3号货运飞船上的货物。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应填介词including，表示“包括”。故填including。
【39题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：由于空间站没有客房服务，这三名宇航员需要自己“打扫房间”。结合句意表示“他们亲自”应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：他们还必须将所有设备正确地放置到位，因为神舟十四号的宇航员进入空间站之前将有一个多月的时间间隔。结合句意表达“在适当的位置”用in place。故填in。
41题详解】
考查连词。句意：他们还必须将所有设备正确地放置到位，因为神舟十四号的宇航员进入空间站之前将有一个多月的时间间隔。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用before“在……之前”引导时间状语从句，指“宇航员进入空间站之前一个多月”。故填before。
【42题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：工作人员需要确保一些物品，如健身器材，被固定在墙上，以避免漂浮和滑动。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语动词need判断为一般现在时，主语items和fix之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are fixed。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：宇航员在空间站停留期间长时间处于微重力状态，这对他们的身体有影响。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为上文整个句子，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保他们的安全和健康返回，三名宇航员一直在进行体育锻炼，以训练他们的肌肉，以便返回地球。结合句意和句子结构可知，空处为目的状语，应用不定式。故填To ensure。
【45题详解】
考查形容词作状语。句意：专家们根据在轨体检结果和数据，为他们制定了健身计划。be based on“以……为基础，基于……”，此处省略be用形容词作状语。故填Based。
第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
46. We are doing our best with the l______(有限的) resources available.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】limited##imited
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们正在尽最大努力利用有限的资源。“有限的”应用形容词limited，作定语，修饰名词resources。故填limited。
47. —Beijing has a lot for people to see, doesn’t it?
—Yes. It’s a popular tourist d______(目的地). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】destination
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：——北京有很多人来参观，不是吗？——是的。它是一个受欢迎的旅游目的地。“目的地”为名词destination，作表语，由a可知，应用单数，故填destination。
48. Efficient learning skills are ______(有益的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】beneficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有效的学习技能是有益的。“有益的”应用形容词beneficial，作表语，故填beneficial。
49. As the list of species in danger of ________（灭绝）becomes longer, we realize we can’t afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】extinction
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：随着濒临灭绝物种的名单越来越长，我们意识到我们不能破坏地球的肺。根据所给句子和汉语提示可知，名词extinction“灭绝”符合语境，抽象概念，不可数，此处作介词of的宾语，in danger of extinction意为“处于灭绝的危险之中”。故填extinction。
50. —The doctor said he had a very small chance of ______.(生存，存活)
—I’m sorry to hear that. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】survival
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：——医生说他活下来的机会很小。——听到这个消息我感到很遗憾。“生存，存活”为名词survival，作宾语，为不可数名词，故填survival。
51. Then heavy industry factories moved in, and things became e______(完全地) different. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】entirely##ntirely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：然后，重工业工厂搬了进来，事情变得完全不同了。根据首字母e可知，表示“完全地”应用副词entirely作状语。故填entirely。
52. Nowadays the m______ of people pay for things on their smartphones. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】majority##ajority
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：现在大多数人用智能手机付费。由句意和首字母可知，此处应用名词majority，表示“大多数”，the majority of意为“大多数……”，故填majority。
53. It suddenly o________ to me that I could have the book sent to me.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】occurred
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我突然想到我可以让人把那本书寄给我。It occurs/occurred to sb. that ...某人突然想起……。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。根据首字母提示及句意，故填occurred。
54. A______ to computer games, he found it hard to concentrate on his study. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Addicted##ddicted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于沉迷于电脑游戏，他发现很难集中精力学习。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“沉迷的”，为形容词addicted，作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Addicted。
55. Best of all I began to a______ the beauty in life with my own eyes, instead of through my smartphone camera. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】appreciate##ppreciate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：最棒的是，我开始亲眼欣赏生活中的美，而不是通过我的智能手机相机。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“欣赏”，应用动词appreciate，begin to do固定搭配，表示“开始做”，动词appreciate应用原形，故填appreciate。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
56. 假定你是某学校的学生会主席李华，上周就阅读这一主题向全校同学做了问卷调查，结果发现，同学们每天课外阅读时间普遍不足。请你用英文写一封题为“Reading lights up our future”的倡议书，倡导大家多多阅读。
注意：1. 倡议书内容包括：
1)问卷调查结果；
2)总结阅读最不够的原因并提出针对性建议；
3)发出倡议；
2. 词数100字左右(标题已给出，但不计入总词数)；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Rending lights up our future
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Reading lights up our future
According to our questionnaire last week, the time students in our school spend in reading is not enough. It’s high time we read more, for reading is of great benefit to us in many ways.
Why students spend so little time in reading can be attributed to two major points. They are either busy with their study, having limited time to read, or simply do not know what to read. It is strongly suggested that we make the most of our spare time to read, such as reading several pages every night before sleeping. What’s more, turning to online resources, including reading apps, to find out books worth reading is a good choice.
Books are the ladder of human progress. Let’s attach importance to continuous reading.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇开放作文。假定你是李华，请你用英文写一封题为“Reading lights up our future”的倡议书，倡导大家多多阅读。内容包括：问卷调查结果；总结阅读最不够的原因并提出针对性建议；发出倡议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
很有益的：of great benefit→very beneficial
重复利用：make the most of→make full use of
选择：choice→option
重视：attach importance to→pay attention to
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句： What’s more, turning to online resources, including reading apps, to find out books worth reading is a good choice.
拓展句： What’s more, it is a good choice to turn to online resources, including reading apps, to find out books worth reading.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Why students spend so little time in reading can be attributed to two major points. (运用了why引导的主语从句)
[高分句型2] It is strongly suggested that we make the most of our spare time to read, such as reading several pages every night before sleeping. (运用了that引导的主语从句，it是形式主语)
第二节(满分25分)
57. 第二节 （满分25 分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jenny and James were ten-year-old twins. It was their mother’s birthday on the coming Saturday and the twins wanted to give her a surprise. What could they do? Baking (烘烤) a cake seemed quite impossible.
Jenny was sitting on the stairs, wondering how she could make her mother’s day special when James came running in and said to Jenny, “Hey Jen! Mummy is inviting her friends. I think she intends to give a party!”
“It means we have to do something great so Mum can feel really happy when we surprise her in front of all her guests,” replied Jenny. “We must bake a cake for her!”
The twins were making serious plans for the birthday party. They organized the seating plan, prepared the menu, bought the ingredients (原料) for the cake and decorated the dining hall.
On the big day, they woke up very early in the morning, wished their mother a happy birthday and asked her to watch TV or read some magazines.
“We will take care of everything,” said James.
“Yes,” said Jenny. “Don’t worry about the party. We have everything under control.”
Then the twins headed for the kitchen. They were baking a chocolate cake. Both of them worked fast.
Soon, people started arriving and gave gifts to the twins’ mother. The guests and the hosts chatted for a while and then everyone went to the dining hall for the cake-cutting ceremony. The cake was very beautiful and looked delicious. James and Jenny placed it on the table and handed Mother the knife. She blew out the candles, cut the cake and everyone sang the birthday song.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Now it was time to eat the cake.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mother hugged the twins and said, “No problem dear; it was your first attempt at baking.”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1
Now it was time to eat the cake. Mother shared it with the guests but to her surprise, the cake was a disaster! It was hard on the outside, and underdone on the inside. The taste was awful as well! Soon the twins realized that there was something wrong with their baked creation. They were really upset. “We’ve ruined your birthday, ”James said hopelessly. “Yes, we are so sorry for this!” said Jenny with tears in her eyes.
Paragraph 2
Mother hugged the twins and said, “No problem dear; it was your first attempt at baking.” After hearing Mother’s words, Jenny stopped crying. Mother continued to comfort them and said, “I am happy that you tried. Keep trying and never give up. This is the best birthday surprise of my life!” None of the guests said that the cake was not right because everyone knew that the twins had tried to do something new and this had been their first attempt. The hall sounded with praise and appreciation for the twins’ efforts.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一对十岁大的双胞胎精心给妈妈准备生日聚会，结果蛋糕烤砸了，但是妈妈还是很感动。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“现在是吃蛋糕的时候了。”以及第二段首句“妈妈拥抱着双胞胎说：“‘没问题，亲爱的，这是你们第一次尝试烘焙。’”可知，第一段可描写众人吃蛋糕却发现蛋糕没烤好，双胞胎很难过。
②由第二段首句内容“妈妈拥抱着双胞胎说：“‘没问题，亲爱的，这是你们第一次尝试烘焙。’”可知，第二段可描写如何安慰双胞胎。
2.续写线索：商量给妈妈的惊喜——准备生日聚会——烤蛋糕——蛋糕没烤好——双胞胎难过——安慰他们
3.词汇激活
行为类
①意识到：realize/come to know
②努力做：try to do/attempt to do
③继续做某事：continue to do sth./go on to do sth.
情绪类
①悲伤：with tears in her eyes/full of sadness/with tears rolling down her face
②开心：happy/delighted/joyful
【点睛】【高分句型1】Soon the twins realized that there was something wrong with their baked creation.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】None of the guests said that the cake was not right because everyone knew that the twins had tried to do something new and this had been their first attempt.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，以及because引导的原因状语从句）
听力：1-5CCABA 6-10BCBBC 11-15AACBC 16-20BCBAB
南航附中2022-2023学年度第二学期期中考试
高一英语
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出景佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman doing now?
A. Watching TV.
B. Taking part in an activity.
C. Preparing for an exam.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In an office. B. In a store. C. In a hotel.
3. When will the speakers meet?
A. At 6:10. B. At 6:20. C. At 5:40.
4. In which country does Jane want to spend her holiday?
A. America. B. Korea. C. Japan.
5. What do we know about the woman?
A. She is fired. B. She didn’t work hard. C. She can take a day off tomorrow.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What could the man be?
A. A taxi driver. B. A policeman. C. A hotel clerk.
7. Where does the woman think she lost her cell phone?
A. In a park. B. In a supermarket. C. On her way to the hotel.
8. Where will The Magic Flute be on this weekend?
A. At the Orpheum theatre.
B. At the Caldonion theatre.
C. At the Poseidon theatre.
9. What will the man do tonight?
A. Invite Joan to dinner.
B. Give Joan a call.
C. Buy tickets.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is Isabel’s?
A. A restaurant. B. A toy shop. C. A clothing shop.
11 Who bought an evening dress?
A. Cindy. B. Wendy. C. Mrs. Miles.
12. What will the speakers do firs ?
A. Refuel the car. B. Go to a party. C. Have lunch.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man?
A. A salesman. B. A teacher. C. A student.
14. What is the second ooint being talked about?
A.The man’s education.
B.The man’s marriage.
C.The man’s demand.
15. How does the man find the job?
A. Relaxing. B. Interesting. C. Challenging.
16. What will the man do?
A. Have another interview.
B. Wait for the reply.
C. Think about the business trips.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the speaker like best?
A. Big Ben. B. Tower Bridge. C. The Tower of London.
18. Where did the speaker take a photo?
A. At Trafalgar Square.
B. At Madame Tussauds.
C. At the Royal Shakespeare Theater.
19. How old are the houses in Stratford?
A. About 500 years old.
B. About 1,000 years old.
C. About 2,000 years old.
20. Why does the speaker give the message?
A. To introduce his blog.
B. To tell about his trip in England.
C. To recommend people to visit London.
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Chester is one of the best cities in the UK. As soon as you arrive in Chester you will appreciate the city’s unique atmosphere and sense of history. Founded by the Romans over 2,000 years ago, much of the Roman influence remains and Chester’s city walls are the most complete in Britain. Combined with history and heritage(遗产), Chester is a dynamic city full of bars, pubs, clubs, hotels and restaurants for you to discover, tempting you to visit again and again.
Travelling to Chester?
Chester is easily accessible by many means of transport — whether you are travelling by rail, car, bus or plane. Please check our route planner below to help you plan your journey to Chester. Once you arrive in the city there are numerous car parks; however, during rush hours the easiest way to travel in Chester city centre is via park and ride facilities, which are parking lots with public transportation.
Hotels?
From bed & breakfasts to the luxury of Chester’s only five star hotel, Chester has all covered. Whether your trip is for business or pleasure your room is just a click away!
Sightseeing and Tours?
One of the best ways to see Chester is by a guided tour and you have a variety to choose from. Whether you choose the traditional guided walk, to be guided around Chester’s historical landmarks by bus or to take a boat down the River Dee, you will sure enjoy the delights of Chester.
1. What can we know about Chester from the first paragraph?
A. It is a newly built city.
B. It is the best city in the UK.
C. It is rich in the deep culture and modern touch.
D. Many of its city walls were completed by British people.
2. What is the most convenient way to get around Chester city centre during rush hours?
A. By bus. B. By bicycle.
C. By rail. D. By taxi.
3 What had you better do to have a better understanding of Chester?
A. Choose a bus tour. B. Join a guided tour.
C. Take a traditional walk. D. Swim down the river.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。切斯特是英国著名的历史名都，蕴藏着丰富的历史瑰宝，同时也富有现代气息，能让游客大饱眼福。
【1题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Combined with history and heritage(遗产), Chester is a dynamic city full of bars, pubs, clubs, hotels and restaurants for you to discover, tempting you to visit again and again"可推知，切斯特历史文化底蕴深厚，同时又富含现代气息，故答案为C。
【2题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"during rush hours the easiest way to travel in Chester city centre is via park and ride facilities, which are parking lots with public transportation"可知,在交通高峰期，游览切斯特市中心的最方便的方式是乘坐公共交通工具，故选A。
【3题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"One of the best ways to see Chester is by a guided tour"可知，在导游的陪同下游览切斯特才是了解切斯特的最佳方法之一，故选B。
B
Agassi was very emotional at the end of his final game. On September 3, the American tennis player said a tearful goodbye to his 21-year career after a third-round defeat in the US Open. The 36-year-old tried his best, but was unable to keep up with German Benjamin Becker, more than ten years his junior.
“The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn’t say is what I’ve found,” Agassi said to the fans. “I have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed.” It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now. His father made him play when he was a child. He got bored, and became a rebel (叛逆者). The strict training that his father pushed upon him got in the way of his wild lifestyle. He grew hair long, wore colorful clothes and spat (吐口水) at an umpire (裁判). Over the years, he has made bad jokes during news conferences.
Asked what he would say to his 17-year-old self, Agassi answered, “I would say, I understand you a lot more than I want to be you.”
The turning point in Agassi’s career came in 1992 when he unexpectedly won his first Grand Slam (大满贯赛事) at Wimbledon. It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: “winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)”.
And a marathon Agassi was about to begin. He cut his long hair, got fitter and tightened up emotionally. On the court, he was ranked No. 1 for almost two years. His lowest point came in 1997 when his ranking dropped to No. 141. He didn’t quit though. “I knew that I would try to get the most out of myself every day from that day forward. That was my promise,” he said. “That never stopped.”
4. Why was Agassi very emotional when saying goodbye to his career?
A. Because he lost to a player ten years older than him.
B. Because he felt very sad that he was no longer the best player.
C. Because this career has brought him so much.
D. Because he felt sorry for his wild lifestyle.
5. From his speech, we can see that ________.
A. he was thankful to his fans B. he refused to accept failure
C. he wished he hadn’t hated tennis when young D. he decided to take marathon as his new career
6. Through winning, Agassi learned that ________.
A. he didn’t try his best in his career B. it must take a long time for anyone to win
C. people need to never give up to win D. winning once or twice is not enough
7. It can be inferred from the passage that Agassi’s father ________.
A. was an excellent tennis player B. was good at raising Agassi
C. played a key role in Agassi choosing his career D. spent most of his time training his son
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了网球运动员阿加西退役时的演讲，并讲述了阿加西的网球生涯。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now.(这是他漫长职业生涯结束时的一次感人的演讲。阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。)”，第四段的“It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: “winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)”.(这是阿加西第一次理解真正的冠军最终理解的东西：“获胜是对神经的测试，而不仅仅是力量；这是马拉松，不是短跑)”，以及第五段的“And a marathon Agassi was about to begin. He cut his long hair, got fitter and tightened up emotionally.( 一场马拉松式的阿加西赛即将开始。他剪了长发，变得更健康，情绪绷紧)”可推断，阿加西开始并不喜欢网球，最终改掉了不良习惯，变得积极向上，因此推断，退役时阿加西情绪激动是因为网球带给他很多东西。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn’t say is what I’ve found,’ Agassi said to the fans. ‘I have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed.’(阿加西对球迷说:“记分牌上说我今天输了，但记分牌上没有说我找到了什么。”“我找到了灵感，你们想要让我成功。”)”可知，阿加西感谢自己的球迷。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: ‘winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)’.(这是阿加西第一次明白真正的冠军最终明白的道理:“胜利是对勇气的考验，而不仅仅是力量的考验;这是一场马拉松，不是短跑。”)”可知，通过胜利，阿加西了解到人胜利是对勇气的考验，胜利是一场马拉松，不仅仅是力量的考验，也就是要不放弃，才能获得胜利。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now. His father made him play when he was a child. He got bored, and became a rebel (叛逆者). The strict training that his father pushed upon him got in the way of his wild lifestyle.( 阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。当他还是个孩子的时候，他的父亲让他打网球。他厌倦了，变成了一个叛逆者。他父亲强加给他的严格训练妨碍了他狂野的生活方式。)”可推断，阿加西父亲在阿加西选择自己的职业方面起了很大的作用。故选C。
C
Tuvalu, a tiny country in the Pacific Ocean, has asked for help as it fears it will be swallowed up by the sea.
Storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none of Tuvalu's nine little islands is more than five metres above sea level. Salt water is already entering the country's drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetable. Without urgent help, the country's days are numbered.
But Tuvalu is not the first place to face sinking into the sea. Venice, a historic city in Italy best known for its canals, has sunk about 24 cm over the past 100 years. Experts say that it will have sunk another 24 cm by 2050. A century ago, St. Mark's Square, the lowest point in the city, flooded about nine times a year. Nowadays, it happens more than 100 times. While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, Tuvalu's rising sea level is caused by global warming.
The average global temperature has increased by almost 0. 5 centigrade degrees over the past century, scientists expect it to rise by extra 1.3 degrees over the next 100 years.
Warmer weather makes glaciers(冰川) melt, adding more water to the ocean. The warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more space, causing the sea level to rise. The sea level has risen 10.25 cm in the last 100 years.
The main cause of global warming is human pollution. Through burning coal, oil and gas, people have been increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as CO2. This adds to the power of the greenhouse effect, making the planet even warmer.
Many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will be huge climate changes. The sea level could rise by one meter this century.
Should this come true, the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded with "climate refugees" looking for somewhere to live.
8. We can infer from the second paragraph that .
A. Tuvalu is in danger of being swallowed up by the sea
B. all Tuvalu's islands are about five metres above the sea level
C. drinking water in Tuvalu has been destroyed
D. Tuvalu is often flooded by storms and waves
9. The author uses Tuvalu and Venice as examples in order to explain .
A. they are the first places sinking into the sea
B. they are both sinking into the mud where they stand
C. they will disappear in the future
D. their trouble is caused by global warming
10. What does "climate refugees" mean?
A. People who are forced away from their homeland by climate.
B. Climate changes.
C. Rare animals.
D. Climate effect.
11. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Tuvalu's nine little islands are less than five meters above the sea level.
B. The average global temperature has risen by 13 centigrade degrees over the past 100 years.
C. The warmer temperature causes the sea level to rise.
D. There will be huge climate changes unless the warming is stopped.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍一个因为海平面上升而处在危险的国家，引出全球变暖的问题，并陈述全球变暖的原因，旨在引起人们的关注。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“Salt water is already entering the country's drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetable. Without urgent help, the country's days are numbered.”（盐水已经进入该国的饮用水供应，并破坏了生产水果和蔬菜的植物。没有紧急援助，这个国家的日子屈指可数。）可知，在Tuvalu，海水已经进入饮用水供应系统，并且淹没了一些植物。故这里A（Tuvalu处在被海水淹没的危险中。）正确。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段内容“While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, Tuvalu's rising sea level is caused by global warming.”（当威尼斯慢慢沉入其所在的淤泥中时，图瓦卢的海平面上升是由全球变暖引起的。）文章列举这两个例子是为了说明，他们的问题都是由于全球变暖，故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Should this come true, the sea will swallow up millions of homes ”，如果这成为现实的话，海面会淹没数百万的家，世界都是满在寻找地方住的“climate refugees”，故这里“climate refugees”的意思是由于气候变话被迫离开家园的人。故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The average global temperature has increased by almost 0. 5 centigrade degrees over the past century”在过去的一百年，全球的平均气温增加了几乎0.5摄氏度，而不是B答案中说的13摄氏度，故选B。
D
The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age. On the other hand, I hesitated. I only knew the basics, but was foreign to some words on social media.
All throughout middle school, I stuck with the same thinking. And now, as a freshman in college, I am looking back and wondering why I, unlike my classmates, have never been naturally interested in social media.
Scanning Instagram, you ought to find dozens of pictures of people in beautiful countries, taking part in exciting activities, and spending time with friends and family, among many other things. The thought of doing this has never related to me. I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However, I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eyes, when not shared with others, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful, if not more so.
Most people have experienced feeling insecure (不安全) and unconfident on social media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I’ve never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.
I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted (使分心) by social media.While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages. With homework and after-class activities consuming the majority of my day, I cannot wait to finish every task on my to-do list, so I can finally spend time with my family or have some time for myself to relax from my busy day.
12. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?
A. Social media are popular in schools.
B. Young pupils suffer from social media.
C. The author has no access to social media.
D. Social media contribute to students’ study.
13. From paragraph 3, we can know that ________.
A. students get easily distracted by social media
B. pictures of people taking part in exciting activities are not real
C. family gatherings are not meaningful if not shared with others
D. the author never shares aspects of his lives with others on social media
14. Why do people using social media might feel insecure?
A. They post their images on social media.
B. They follow other people’s beauty standards totally.
C. Social media change the way they look at themselves.
D. Social media encourage them to be a unique individual.
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. A to-do list can stop people using social media.
B. Social media can waste people’s valuable time.
C. Spending time with family always enjoys first priority.
D. Students pay more attention to social media than to study.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要从作者对自己不喜欢社交媒体的这一心理的反思入手，针对社交媒体对当下人们的影响进行思考和论述。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。文章前两段讲述了作者身边的人及作者本人对社交媒体平台的态度，结合第一段前两句“The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age.(我第一次听说同学们使用社交媒体是在四年级的时候。我的很多朋友和同学在很小的时候就兴奋地登上了Instagram这样的平台)”可知，在四年级的时候，作者的朋友和同学就纷纷参与到社交媒体平台，由此可推知，社交媒体很受学生欢迎。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The thought of doing this has never related to me. I respect and understand those who do believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However, I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eyes, when not shared with others, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful, if not more so. (我从来没想过要这么做。我尊重并理解那些相信使用社交媒体可以让他们表达自己并与他人分享生活的人。然而，我从来没有兴趣做同样的事情。在我看来，家庭聚会和朋友聚会在不与人分享的情况下，同样有意义，甚至更有意义)”可知，作者从来没有在社交媒体上分享自己与朋友和家人共度时光的照片。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Most people have experienced feeling insecure and unconfident on social media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed about all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I’ve never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.(大多数人在社交媒体上都有过不安全感和缺乏自信的经历。被改变的照片代表着不切实际的美丽标准，只有通过危险的方式才能获得。即使不使用社交媒体，我也知道使用Instagram和Facebook等应用程序会让我在所有方面都感到尴尬，而这些方面却会让我成为一个独一无二的人。我从来都不想在看到社交媒体上的帖子后，立即将自己和自己的生活与其进行比较)”可知，社交媒体平台上的图片等内容可能是经过编辑的，一些美丽标准是不容易实现的。且这些社交媒体容易让人产生对比心理，阅读者往往将博主的生活和自己的生活进行对比，使自己对自己的看法产生变化，而作者不同于他人，作者是不想这样去对比的。由此可推知，使用社交媒体的人之所以会感到不安全是因为社交媒体使人们之间产生对比，改变了人们看待自己的方式。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted by social media. While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages.(我经常观察到我的同学很容易被社交媒体分心。在努力完成家庭作业的同时，他们有一种强烈的冲动，想打开Instagram或Facebook，看看是否有新消息)”可知，社交媒体会影响完成作业的进度，使得人们浪费宝贵的时间去关注社交动态。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways Your Cell Phone Affects Your Body and Mind
First, some good news. Your phone can keep you safer. A study found that 137 more lives were saved per 100,000 patients when people called 911 from a mobile phone rather than from a fixed one. ___16___
Scanning your phone right before bed can cause sleep disorder. To avoid that, make a habit of not using your phone for at least 30 minutes before you close your eyes.
___17___ People now spend more than five hours a day typing and tapping, and feel eyes achy. About 60 percent of Americans experience discomfort, such as dryness, eye tiredness, and even headaches. Try taking a break from screens every 20 minutes.
When you are awake, a single sound on your phone can signal the coming news. However, this can weaken your ability to focus on a task. ___18___ It can even encourage creative ideas when you are alone. When you’re bored, four different areas of your brain become active and work together to pull in thoughts and combine them in unique ways.
Memory suffers too. ___19___ Instead of relying on the instructions from your phone’s GPS, older adults choose the old way, which increases activity in a part of the brain important for memory. Taking pictures with your phone may also harm your memory.
It would be easy to avoid all these problems by simply putting down your phone. The problem: It isn’t so easy. ___20___ And researches have proved this real. Of course, there are many phone apps to help you control your phone addiction. Or you can just let the battery rundown and forget about it!
A. But there are plenty of worries too.
B. Your phone can do damage to your eyes.
C. Silence your phone or simply put it away can help.
D. Walking with your face in your phone can be dangerous.
E. People may feel painful when separated from their phones.
F. Your hand may feel painful when you hold your phone too long.
G. Using a map and trying to remember it may be better for your brain.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。指出手机对人们的身心各个方面产生了什么影响。
【16题详解】
上文“A study found that 137 more lives were saved per 100,000 patients when people called 911 from a mobile phone rather than from a fixed one. (一项研究发现，当人们用手机拨打911而不是用固定电话拨打911时，每10万名患者中就多挽救了137条生命。)”指出使用手机能挽救生命，这是很好的消息。下文“Scanning your phone right before bed can cause sleep disorder. (睡前浏览手机会导致睡眠障碍。)”指出睡前浏览手机会造成不良影响。由此推知，空处内容与上文为转折关系。选项A“But there are plenty of worries too. (但也有很多担忧。)”指出使用手机也会产生担忧，这与上文形成转折关系，但是自然而然引出了下文，符合语境。故选A项。
【17题详解】
下文“People now spend more than five hours a day typing and tapping, and feel eyes achy. (现在，人们每天花超过五个小时打字和敲击，感觉眼睛疼痛。)”指出因为花时间在手机上打字等原因，眼睛会不舒服。选项B“Your phone can do damage to your eyes. (你的手机会伤害你的眼睛。)”指出手机会伤害眼睛，自然而然引出了下文的具体说明，符合语境。故选B项。
【18题详解】
上文“However, this can weaken your ability to focus on a task. (然而，这会削弱你专注于某项任务的能力。)”指出使用手机可能导致专注能力下降。选项C“Silence your phone or simply put it away can help. (让手机静音或干脆把它收起来会有帮助。)”承接上文，提出防止专注能力下降的措施，符合语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
上文“Memory suffers too. (记忆也会受到影响。)”指出使用手机可能会使记忆力受影响。下文“Instead of relying on the instructions from your phone’s GPS, older adults choose the old way, which increases activity in a part of the brain important for memory. (未依赖手机GPS的指示，老年人反而选择了旧的方式，这会增加大脑中对记忆至关重要的部分的活动。)”指出老年人选择不使用手机的GPS指路功能。选项G“Using a map and trying to remember it may be better for your brain. (使用地图并尝试记住它可能对你的大脑更好。)”指出使用地图对大脑更友好，这是对上文反向佐证，也自然而然引出了下文，符合语境。故选G项。
【20题详解】
上文“It would be easy to avoid all these problems by simply putting down your phone. The problem: It isn’t so easy. (只要放下手机，就很容易避免所有这些问题。问题是：放下手机并不容易。)”指出要放下手机是个难题。选项E“People may feel painful when separated from their phones. (与手机分开时，人们可能会感到痛苦。)”延续上文，指出放下手机是个难题，让人痛苦，符合语境。故选E项。
第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A single tremble shook beneath my feet. The trees above me began to sway(摇摆) hard. Then came the deadly____21____that could only mean one thing, destruction. Every house and object was now____22____. My vision blurred (模糊) even more when I saw the remains of my house. The house that used to____23____all the happiness in the world was now____24____a pile of ruined pieces. I____25____all the times I played with my little brother and sister. Images of them were____26____in my mind, so I let the darkness sweep over me completely so I could see them vividly one last time. I regained a bit of my____27____after lying on the ground for some time. My eyes viewed different things, but I walked on mindlessly, with no____28____to anything around me at all.
Years have passed since the disaster that____29____me years ago. I never thought I would be okay again after this_____30_____event.
Today I am going on a trip to California to help_____31_____of a recent earthquake. Then, I see her. A young girl is weeping into her arm. I walk toward her. Losing family was_____32_____, but because of my life changing experience, I am strong, and I can_____33_____the lives of those who are suffering as I was. When I reach the girl, she stares at me with sad eyes, and I gently stick out my hand for her to hold to. One day, she may_____34_____others the way I did for her. She holds my hand tightly, and together, we look for a brighter future where we can help those around us and_____35_____the world starting with one disaster at a time.
21 A. silence B. power C. emergency D. extinction
22. A. under pressure B. in ruins C. on hand D. in shock
23. A. promote B. supply C. contain D. measure
24 A. extremely B. obviously C. actually D. simply
25 A. adapted to B. thought of C. concentrated on D. worked out
26. A. carved B. buried C. designed D. observed
27. A. balance B. memory C. strength D. impression
28. A. request B. comparison C. path D. reaction
29. A. struck B. identified C. threatened D. reminded
30. A. amazing B. frightening C. exciting D. challenging
31. A. professionals B. volunteers C. survivors D. experts
32. A. painful B. unusual C. awkward D. unique
33. A. appreciate B. possess C. exchange D. improve
34. A. affect B. recognize C. recommend D. contact
35. A. establish B. change C. remove D. revise
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者经历了一次灾难性的地震后，人生发生了改变，并以志愿者的身份去帮助像他一样的人，同时希望人们能够在经历灾难和痛苦之后，同样能够挺身而出帮助其他人，使世界有所不同。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后是致命的沉默，这只能意味着一件事，毁灭。A. silence寂静，沉默；B. power力量；C. emergency突发事件，紧急情况；D. extinction灭绝。根据前文“A single tremble shook beneath my feet. The trees above me began to sway hard.(我的脚下颤抖了一下。我头顶上的树木开始剧烈摇晃。)”可知，作者描述了地震特别强烈时候的震动感受，而后文“destruction (毁灭)”则提示这里讲述地震过后的感受，因此结合常识可知，该句讲述是大地震过后的“安静”，与前文的强烈震动形成对比。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：现在所有的房屋和物品都成了废墟。A. under pressure在压力之下；B. in ruins成为废墟，严重受损；C. on hand在场，即将发生；D. in shock休克，震惊。根据后文“My vision blurred even more when I saw the remains of my house.(当我看到我房子的残骸时，我的视线更加模糊了。)”提及了“房屋残骸”，说明房屋和物品成为了废墟。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾经容纳了世界上所有幸福的房子现在只是一堆废墟。A. promote提升，促进；B. supply提供，供应；C. contain包含、容纳；D. measure测量，判断。根据后文“I ____5____ all the times I played with my little brother and sister.(我想起了我和弟弟妹妹一起玩的所有时光。)”提及作者以前总是和弟弟妹妹在房子里玩耍，因此，这所房子承载了以往所有的欢乐时光。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：曾经容纳了世界上所有幸福的房子现在只是一堆废墟。A. extremely非常，极其；B. obviously明显地，显而易见地；C. actually实际上，事实上；D. simply简单地，仅仅。分析语境可知，这里的副词起到强调作用，强调曾经充满欢乐的房子地震过后就只是一片废墟。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想起了我和弟弟妹妹一起玩的所有时光。A. adapted to适合，适应于；B. thought of想起，考虑；C. concentrated on专心于；D. worked out解决，算出。根据后文宾语“all the times(所有的时光)”可推知，作者想起以往和弟弟妹妹一起玩耍的时光。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的形象铭刻在我的脑海里，所以我让黑暗完全笼罩我，这样我就能最后一次生动地看到他们。A. carved雕刻；B. buried埋葬；C. designed设计；D. observed观察，遵循。根据前文“I ____5____ all the times I played with my little brother and sister.(我想起了我和弟弟妹妹一起玩的所有时光。)”可知，作者面对废墟时能够想起以往的欢乐时光，弟弟妹妹的形象深深地刻在脑海里。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在地上躺了一段时间后，我恢复了一点体力。A. balance平衡；B. memory记忆；C. strength力气，优势；D. impression印象。根据后文“after lying on the ground for some time(在地上躺了一段时间后)”可知，作者在地上休息了一会儿，恢复了一点力气。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛看到了不同的东西，但我漫无目的地走着，对周围的一切都没有反应。A. request要求；B. comparison比较，对比；C. path小路，道路；D. reaction反应，回应。根据前文“I walked on mindlessly(我漫无目的地走着)”可知，经历过大地震，失去了一切之后，作者此时漫无目的，什么东西都不能引起他的反应。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前发生在我身上的那场灾难已经过去了。A. struck碰撞，爆发，袭击；B. identified确认，认出；C. threatened威胁；D. reminded提醒，使想起。分析可知，“that ____9____ me years ago”为“the disaster”定语从句，关系代词“that”指代“the disaster”，从句中作主语，其对应的动词应是“袭击，爆发”，用在句中表达“发生在我身上”含义。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从没想过在经历了这件可怕的事情之后，我还会好起来。 A. amazing了不起的，令人诧异的；B. frightening令人害怕的，恐惧的；C. exciting令人兴奋激动的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。与前文“the deadly…(致命的)”相呼应，这里应是B项“frightening”。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我要去加州帮助最近发生的地震的幸存者。A. professionals专业人员；B. volunteers志愿者；C. survivors幸存者；D. experts专家。根据后文“When I reach the girl, she stares at me with sad eyes, and I gently stick out my hand for her to hold to. (当我走到女孩身边时，她用悲伤的眼神盯着我，我轻轻地伸出手让她握住。)”可知，这个女孩是地震幸存者，因此可推知，作者作为“过来人”去帮助这里的地震幸存者。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：失去家人是痛苦的，但因为我改变人生的经历，我变得坚强，我可以改善那些和我一样遭受痛苦的人的生活。A. painful疼痛的，痛苦的；B. unusual不同寻常的；C. awkward令人尴尬的，棘手的；D. unique独特的，独一无二的。主语“Losing family”意为“失去家人”，失去家人是痛苦的。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：失去家人是痛苦的，但因为我改变人生的经历，我变得坚强，我可以改善那些和我一样遭受痛苦的人的生活。A. appreciate欣赏，感激；B. possess拥有，具有；C. exchange交换；D. improve提高，改善。与后文“where we can help those around us(在那时我们可以帮助周围的人)”中“help”相呼应，这里应是D项“improve”，用在句中表达作者希望用自己的力量帮助改善和他拥有相同经历的人的生活。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她可能会像我对她那样影响别人。A. affect影响；B. recognize辨认，识别；C. recommend推荐，劝告；D. contact联系，联络。根据后文“the way I did for her”可推知，作者认为这个女孩或许以后也会像作者一样，用“过来人”的身份做志愿者，去帮助和影响其他人。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她紧紧地握着我的手，我们一起寻找一个更光明的未来，我们可以帮助周围的人，从一次一场灾难开始改变世界。A. establish建立，设立；B. change改变；C. remove移开，去除；D. revise修改，复习。根据前文“Today I am going on a trip to California to help ____11____ of a recent earthquake.(今天我要去加州帮助最近地震的幸存者。)”可知，作者作为一个“过来人”，用志愿者的身份去帮助其他人，这是他在经历灾难后作出的改变世界的行为，因此可推知，这里作者希望在将来能够同样在灾难发生后，去帮助受难者，改变灾难后的世界。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当得单词或括号内单词得正确形式。
Shenzhou XIII taikonauts’ six-month stay at the Tiangong space station is wrapping up. Now they face one last test of their scientific and space travel skills—returning home safely. What needs to be done before leaving ____36____ space station in mid-April?
Besides their personal ____37____(belong), astronauts also need to “pack” experimental data and samples, so they can be further researched on Earth. And they have to tidy up a large number of materials, ____38____(include) goods on the Tianzhou 3 cargo (货物) spacecraft.
Since the space station has no room service, the three astronauts need to “clean the house”____39____(they). The waste is then put into the orbital module, which burns as it re-enters Earth’s atmosphere.
They also have to put all equipment ____40____ place correctly since there will be a gap of more than one month ____41____ the astronauts of Shenzhou XIV enter the space station. The crew members need to make sure some items, such as gym equipment, ____42____(fix) to the walls to avoid floating and slipping.
Astronauts experience microgravity (微重力) for long periods of time during their stays on the space station, ____43____ has an effect on their bodies. This includes a loss of fluid, muscle atrophy as well as bone loss. ____44____(ensure) their safe and sound return, the three taikonauts have been doing physical exercises to train their muscle for the return to Earth. ____45____(base) on their in-orbit physical examinations and data, experts have customized (定制) exercise plans for each of them.
Just like a house that will be empty for a long time must have its water and power switched off, taikonauts need to check everything before they leave.
【答案】36. the
37. belongings
38. including
39. themselves
40. in 41. before
42. are fixed
43. which 44. To ensure
45. Based
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三位宇航员在离开中国空间站前需要做的事情。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在4月中旬离开空间站之前需要做什么?此处特指中国的空间站，应用定冠词the修饰名词space。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：除了个人物品，宇航员还需要“打包”实验数据和样本，以便在地球上进行进一步研究。空处应填名词作besides的宾语，belonging“所有物”符合题意，可数名词，常用复数形式。故填belongings。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：他们必须整理大量的物资，包括天舟3号货运飞船上的货物。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应填介词including，表示“包括”。故填including。
【39题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：由于空间站没有客房服务，这三名宇航员需要自己“打扫房间”。结合句意表示“他们亲自”应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：他们还必须将所有设备正确地放置到位，因为神舟十四号的宇航员进入空间站之前将有一个多月的时间间隔。结合句意表达“在适当的位置”用in place。故填in。
41题详解】
考查连词。句意：他们还必须将所有设备正确地放置到位，因为神舟十四号的宇航员进入空间站之前将有一个多月的时间间隔。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用before“在……之前”引导时间状语从句，指“宇航员进入空间站之前一个多月”。故填before。
【42题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：工作人员需要确保一些物品，如健身器材，被固定在墙上，以避免漂浮和滑动。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语动词need判断为一般现在时，主语items和fix之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are fixed。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：宇航员在空间站停留期间长时间处于微重力状态，这对他们的身体有影响。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为上文整个句子，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保他们的安全和健康返回，三名宇航员一直在进行体育锻炼，以训练他们的肌肉，以便返回地球。结合句意和句子结构可知，空处为目的状语，应用不定式。故填To ensure。
【45题详解】
考查形容词作状语。句意：专家们根据在轨体检结果和数据，为他们制定了健身计划。be based on“以……为基础，基于……”，此处省略be用形容词作状语。故填Based。
第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
46. We are doing our best with the l______(有限的) resources available.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】limited##imited
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们正在尽最大努力利用有限的资源。“有限的”应用形容词limited，作定语，修饰名词resources。故填limited。
47. —Beijing has a lot for people to see, doesn’t it?
—Yes. It’s a popular tourist d______(目的地). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】destination
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：——北京有很多人来参观，不是吗？——是的。它是一个受欢迎的旅游目的地。“目的地”为名词destination，作表语，由a可知，应用单数，故填destination。
48. Efficient learning skills are ______(有益的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】beneficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有效的学习技能是有益的。“有益的”应用形容词beneficial，作表语，故填beneficial。
49. As the list of species in danger of ________（灭绝）becomes longer, we realize we can’t afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】extinction
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：随着濒临灭绝物种的名单越来越长，我们意识到我们不能破坏地球的肺。根据所给句子和汉语提示可知，名词extinction“灭绝”符合语境，抽象概念，不可数，此处作介词of的宾语，in danger of extinction意为“处于灭绝的危险之中”。故填extinction。
50. —The doctor said he had a very small chance of ______.(生存，存活)
—I’m sorry to hear that. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】survival
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：——医生说他活下来的机会很小。——听到这个消息我感到很遗憾。“生存，存活”为名词survival，作宾语，为不可数名词，故填survival。
51. Then heavy industry factories moved in, and things became e______(完全地) different. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】entirely##ntirely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：然后，重工业工厂搬了进来，事情变得完全不同了。根据首字母e可知，表示“完全地”应用副词entirely作状语。故填entirely。
52. Nowadays the m______ of people pay for things on their smartphones. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】majority##ajority
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：现在大多数人用智能手机付费。由句意和首字母可知，此处应用名词majority，表示“大多数”，the majority of意为“大多数……”，故填majority。
53. It suddenly o________ to me that I could have the book sent to me.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】occurred
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我突然想到我可以让人把那本书寄给我。It occurs/occurred to sb. that ...某人突然想起……。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。根据首字母提示及句意，故填occurred。
54. A______ to computer games, he found it hard to concentrate on his study. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Addicted##ddicted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于沉迷于电脑游戏，他发现很难集中精力学习。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“沉迷的”，为形容词addicted，作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Addicted。
55. Best of all I began to a______ the beauty in life with my own eyes, instead of through my smartphone camera. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】appreciate##ppreciate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：最棒的是，我开始亲眼欣赏生活中的美，而不是通过我的智能手机相机。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“欣赏”，应用动词appreciate，begin to do固定搭配，表示“开始做”，动词appreciate应用原形，故填appreciate。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
56. 假定你是某学校的学生会主席李华，上周就阅读这一主题向全校同学做了问卷调查，结果发现，同学们每天课外阅读时间普遍不足。请你用英文写一封题为“Reading lights up our future”的倡议书，倡导大家多多阅读。
注意：1. 倡议书内容包括：
1)问卷调查结果；
2)总结阅读最不够的原因并提出针对性建议；
3)发出倡议；
2. 词数100字左右(标题已给出，但不计入总词数)；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Rending lights up our future
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Reading lights up our future
According to our questionnaire last week, the time students in our school spend in reading is not enough. It’s high time we read more, for reading is of great benefit to us in many ways.
Why students spend so little time in reading can be attributed to two major points. They are either busy with their study, having limited time to read, or simply do not know what to read. It is strongly suggested that we make the most of our spare time to read, such as reading several pages every night before sleeping. What’s more, turning to online resources, including reading apps, to find out books worth reading is a good choice.
Books are the ladder of human progress. Let’s attach importance to continuous reading.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇开放作文。假定你是李华，请你用英文写一封题为“Reading lights up our future”的倡议书，倡导大家多多阅读。内容包括：问卷调查结果；总结阅读最不够的原因并提出针对性建议；发出倡议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
很有益的：of great benefit→very beneficial
重复利用：make the most of→make full use of
选择：choice→option
重视：attach importance to→pay attention to
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句： What’s more, turning to online resources, including reading apps, to find out books worth reading is a good choice.
拓展句： What’s more, it is a good choice to turn to online resources, including reading apps, to find out books worth reading.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Why students spend so little time in reading can be attributed to two major points. (运用了why引导的主语从句)
[高分句型2] It is strongly suggested that we make the most of our spare time to read, such as reading several pages every night before sleeping. (运用了that引导的主语从句，it是形式主语)
第二节(满分25分)
57. 第二节 （满分25 分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jenny and James were ten-year-old twins. It was their mother’s birthday on the coming Saturday and the twins wanted to give her a surprise. What could they do? Baking (烘烤) a cake seemed quite impossible.
Jenny was sitting on the stairs, wondering how she could make her mother’s day special when James came running in and said to Jenny, “Hey Jen! Mummy is inviting her friends. I think she intends to give a party!”
“It means we have to do something great so Mum can feel really happy when we surprise her in front of all her guests,” replied Jenny. “We must bake a cake for her!”
The twins were making serious plans for the birthday party. They organized the seating plan, prepared the menu, bought the ingredients (原料) for the cake and decorated the dining hall.
On the big day, they woke up very early in the morning, wished their mother a happy birthday and asked her to watch TV or read some magazines.
“We will take care of everything,” said James.
“Yes,” said Jenny. “Don’t worry about the party. We have everything under control.”
Then the twins headed for the kitchen. They were baking a chocolate cake. Both of them worked fast.
Soon, people started arriving and gave gifts to the twins’ mother. The guests and the hosts chatted for a while and then everyone went to the dining hall for the cake-cutting ceremony. The cake was very beautiful and looked delicious. James and Jenny placed it on the table and handed Mother the knife. She blew out the candles, cut the cake and everyone sang the birthday song.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Now it was time to eat the cake.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mother hugged the twins and said, “No problem dear; it was your first attempt at baking.”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1
Now it was time to eat the cake. Mother shared it with the guests but to her surprise, the cake was a disaster! It was hard on the outside, and underdone on the inside. The taste was awful as well! Soon the twins realized that there was something wrong with their baked creation. They were really upset. “We’ve ruined your birthday, ”James said hopelessly. “Yes, we are so sorry for this!” said Jenny with tears in her eyes.
Paragraph 2
Mother hugged the twins and said, “No problem dear; it was your first attempt at baking.” After hearing Mother’s words, Jenny stopped crying. Mother continued to comfort them and said, “I am happy that you tried. Keep trying and never give up. This is the best birthday surprise of my life!” None of the guests said that the cake was not right because everyone knew that the twins had tried to do something new and this had been their first attempt. The hall sounded with praise and appreciation for the twins’ efforts.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一对十岁大的双胞胎精心给妈妈准备生日聚会，结果蛋糕烤砸了，但是妈妈还是很感动。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“现在是吃蛋糕的时候了。”以及第二段首句“妈妈拥抱着双胞胎说：“‘没问题，亲爱的，这是你们第一次尝试烘焙。’”可知，第一段可描写众人吃蛋糕却发现蛋糕没烤好，双胞胎很难过。
②由第二段首句内容“妈妈拥抱着双胞胎说：“‘没问题，亲爱的，这是你们第一次尝试烘焙。’”可知，第二段可描写如何安慰双胞胎。
2.续写线索：商量给妈妈的惊喜——准备生日聚会——烤蛋糕——蛋糕没烤好——双胞胎难过——安慰他们
3.词汇激活
行为类
①意识到：realize/come to know
②努力做：try to do/attempt to do
③继续做某事：continue to do sth./go on to do sth.
情绪类
①悲伤：with tears in her eyes/full of sadness/with tears rolling down her face
②开心：happy/delighted/joyful
【点睛】【高分句型1】Soon the twins realized that there was something wrong with their baked creation.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】None of the guests said that the cake was not right because everyone knew that the twins had tried to do something new and this had been their first attempt.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，以及because引导的原因状语从句）
听力：1-5CCABA 6-10BCBBC 11-15AACBC 16-20BCBAB
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