2022-2023学年广东省深圳市高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省深圳市高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共30页。试卷主要包含了单项选择等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 2022—2023学年第二学期期中考试
高一英语
第一部分 基础知识
一、单项选择(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. When applying for a job, you should ________ your experience and skills.
A. supply B. restore C. highlight D. leak
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：申请工作时，你应该突出你的经验和技能。A. supply供应；B. restore恢复；C. highlight突出；D. leak泄露。根据“When applying for a job,”可知，申请工作时应该突出自己的经验和技能。故选C。
2. Don’t release the news to the public until we give you the ________.
A. removal B. permission C. release D. presentation
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：未经我们允许，不要向公众发布这条消息。A. removal 移走，去掉；B. permission允许；C. release公开，发布；D. presentation陈述，介绍。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“许可”应为permission。故选B项。
3 Students in the class did very well in this English exam and the ________ score was 120.
A. budget B. credit C. brief D. average
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：这个班的学生在这次英语考试中表现很好，平均分是120分。A. budget预算；B. credit学分；C. brief短暂的；D. average平均（数）的。由score was 120可知，句子表示“这个班的学生在这次英语考试中表现很好，平均分是120分”，空格处意为“平均的”。故选D。
4. Ho wrote lots of best -sellers throughout his life, the ________ of which were translated into English.
A. majority B. minority C. version D. technique
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一生写了很多畅销书，大部分都译成了英文。A. majority多数； B. minority少数；C.version版本；D. technique技术。which引导定语从句，指代best-sellers，因此推断此处说的是大部分畅销书被译成了英文。故选A。
5. Middle-aged women are often ________ by the advertisements for cosmetic products (化妆品).
A. scared B. defended C. transported D. targeted
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：中年妇女经常成为化妆品广告的目标顾客。A. scared使惊恐；B. defended辩护；C. transported运输；D. targeted面向；把……对准。根据the advertisements for cosmetic products (化妆品)可知，此处指化妆品广告经常面向中年妇女。故选D。
6. We are very happy to see the ________ growth of the export market.
A. renewable B. reusable C. explosive D. attractive
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们很高兴看到出口市场的爆炸式增长。A. renewable可延期的；B. reusable可重用的；C. explosive易爆的；爆炸性的；D. attractive有吸引力的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词explosive“爆炸性的”作定语，满足句意要求。故选C项。
7. The most suitable ________ may simply be to walk away from the problem.
A. strategy B. movement C. plot D. emotion
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最合适的策略可能就是离开这个问题。A. strategy策略；B. movement运动；C. plot情节；D. emotion情绪。根据to walk away from the problem可知，此处指的是一种策略。故选A。
8. Health experts regularly ________ them severely for selling food that makes people fat.
A. resolve B. adjust C. deceive D. criticise
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：健康专家经常严厉批评他们出售让人发胖的食品。A. resolve决定，下定决心；B. adjust调整；C. deceive欺骗；D. criticise批评。由“for selling food that makes people fat”可知，句子表示“健康专家经常严厉批评他们出售让人发胖的食品”，空格处意为“批评”，故选D。
9. The company has changed some of its working methods in ________ to complaints and criticism from customers.
A. absence B. response C. release D. scare
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司已经改变了一些工作方法，以回应客户的投诉和批评。A. absence缺席；B. response回应；C. release释放；D. scare惊吓。in response to回答；回应。根据“The company has changed some of its working methods”可知，格式改变工作方法目的是回应客户的投诉和批评。故选B。
10. What is your ________ to senior high students taking up a part-time job?
A. attitude B. urge C. quest D. quit
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你对高中生做兼职有什么看法（持什么态度）？A.attitude看法，态度；B. urge 冲动；C. quest探索；寻求；D. quit辞职、离任。根据“senior high students taking up a part-time job?”可知，问的是对高中生做兼职的态度。故选A。
11. Neighbors ________ their spare time to helping others rebuild their houses.
A. concentrated B. focused C. absorbed D. devoted
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：邻居们利用业余时间帮助别人重建房屋。A. concentrated集中注意力；B. focused集中，关注；C. absorbed吸收；D. devoted献身，致力，用于。根据句意可知，此处为动词devoted“献身，致力，用于”，满足句意要求。故选D项。
12. Since the ________ of new working method, production has gone up.
A. adoption B. adaptation C. adjustment D. advancement
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 自从采用了新的工作方法，产量提高了。 A.adoption采用；B.adaptation适应；C.adjustment调整；D.advancement发展；前进。根据句意可知，采用了新的工作方式以后产量提高了，故选A。
13. He chose to work in a ________ village school to teach children English when he could own respectable job in the city.
A. edge B. remote C. romantic D. ideal
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他可以在城里有一份体面的工作时，他选择在一所偏远的乡村学校教孩子们英语。A. edge边缘，名词；B. remote遥远的；C. romantic浪漫的；D. ideal理想的。根据后文“village school to teach children English”可知，指在一所偏远的乡村学校教孩子们英语，应用形容词remote，作定语。故选B。
14. The two boys ________ their differences and made an effort to get along with each other.
A. represented B. displayed C. based D. resolved
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两个男孩解决了他们之间的分歧，努力和睦相处。A. represented代表；B. displayed显示，陈列；C. based基于；D. resolved解决。根据made an effort to get along with each other.可知，此处为动词resolved“解决”，满足句意要求。故选D项。
15. So wonderful will the party be that I am sure it won’t ________ you ________ if you come.
A. let out B. let alone C. let down D. let in
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：晚会将是如此精彩，我相信如果你来的话，它不会让你失望。A. let out泄露；B. let alone更不用说；C. let down使失望；D. let in让……进入。根据So wonderful will the party be that I am sure可知，晚会将非常精彩，所以它不会让人失望。故选C。
16. When it comes to ________ friends with others, the first impression plays an important part.
A. make B. making C. made D. be made
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当涉及到与他人交朋友，第一印象很重要。when it comes to“涉及”，to是介词，接动名词作宾语，故选B。
17. She was walking along the bank of the river ________ she heard a cry for help.
A. when B. while C. before D. if
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和连词辨析。句意：她正沿着河岸走着，突然听到呼救声。A. when当……的时候；B. while当……的时候，然而，尽管；C. before在……以前；D. if假如。句型sb was/were doing...when...表示“某人正在做……这时……”。故选A。
18. It is the production of food, not its transport, ________ uses most of the energy.
A. who B. which C. that D. whose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：消耗大部分能源的是食物的生产，而不是运输。去掉it is和空格后句子完整，所以此处为强调句句式：it be+被强调部分+that+剩余部分，被强调部分为主语 the production of food, not its transport。故选C。
19. ________ , I can’t concentrate on anything.
A. Embarrassing and ashamed B. Embarrassed and ashamed
C. Embarrassed and ashaming D. Embarrassment and ashamed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尴尬和羞愧，我无法集中注意力。此处修饰人，作状语，应用-ed结尾形容词Embarrassed和ashamed；-ing结尾形容词修饰物，故排除A选项和C选项；D选项中Embarrassment为名词，不符合形容词作状语用法。故选B。
20. When the little girl came to life, she found so many people ________ her, she felt very nervous.
A. surround B. surrounded C. surrounding D. to surround
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当小女孩苏醒过来时，她发现有那么多人围着她，她感到非常紧张。分析句子结构可知，此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，所以此处为非谓语动词作宾补，surround与宾语so many people之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故选C项。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Discovering the beauty of the science and maths that shape our everyday lives, an experience in Wonder Lab will fuel your imagination and inspire you to see the world around you in new and exciting ways. Come and enjoy yourself!
What to see
Spread across seven different zones, there’re loads of opportunities to get hands on with real scientific phenomena. With 50 mind-blowing wonders of science to enjoy, Wonder Lab is an experience unlike any other. Besides, a selection of shows will be performed daily in Wonder Lab’s beautiful new show space. They are free of charge and last 20 minutes.
Tickets
Day pass: £6 per person.
This ticket gives you day-long access to Wonder Lab, perfect whether you’re planning a special trip to the Museum or simply passing through London and want to feed your curiosity.
Annual pass: £10 per person.
For less than the price of two visits, give yourself a year packed full of wonder, curiosity and breathtaking experiences.
Opening times
Open seven days a week, 10:00—18:00 (last entry 17:15). Wonder Lab will be closed on December 24, 25 and 26 and will be open as usual from December 27. During school holidays our opening hours are 10:00-19:00 (last entry 18:15). Please note that in peak periods (from midday onwards) we are experiencing long queues due to the gallery’s popularity.
21. How much should two visitors pay if they visit Wonder Lab and enjoy the shows for one day?
A. £12. B. £20. C. £32. D. £40.
22. When can you enter Wonder Lab?
A. 9:30 on December 23. B. 18:30 on school holidays.
C. 11:00 on Christmas. D. 10:30 on December 28.
23. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To introduce Wonder Lab. B. To attract people to Wonder Lab
C. To explain how Wonder Lab works. D. To analyze why Wonder Lab is attractive.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是奇迹实验室（Wonder Lab）的相关信息，吸引人们来参观。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tickets部分中的“Day pass: £6 per person.”以及“This ticket gives you day-long access to Wonder Lab, perfect whether you’re planning a special trip to the Museum or simply passing through London and want to feed your curiosity.(这张票可以让你一整天都可以进入神奇实验室，无论你是计划一次特殊的博物馆之旅，还是只是路过伦敦，想要满足你的好奇心，这张票都是完美的。)”可知，参观奇迹实验室一天应购买的是一日票，每人£6，两人应为£6×2=£12。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Opening times部分中的“Open seven days a week, 10:00—18:00 (last entry 17:15). Wonder Lab will be closed on December 24, 25 and 26 and will be open as usual from December 27.(每周七天开放，10:00-18:00(最后入场时间17:15)。奇迹实验室将于12月24日、25日和26日关闭，12月27日照常开放。)”可知，闭馆时间是12月24号，25号和26号，从12月27号开始正常开放，再根据“During school holidays our opening hours are 10:00-19:00 (last entry 18:15).(学校放假期间，我们的开放时间为10:00-19:00(最后入场时间为18:15)。)”可知，学校假期开放时间是10点到19点，18点15分后不能再进入，由此可知，12月28号10点30分符合条件。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“Come and enjoy yourself!(来玩吧!)”以及下文中介绍了奇迹实验室的活动、票价以及时间安排等可知，本文的目的是吸引人们来参观奇迹实验室。故选B项。
B
Becca was 6 when she was told she had cancer on Sept. 8, 2014. She clearly remembers the bad days of her 26 months of non -stop treatment. Luckily, Becca celebrated her final treatment on Nov. 13, 2016, and she has been cancer-free ever since. But she was thinking about what her life was like while experiencing the treatment.
“I was never able to do much, and that’s what the kids lying in their hospital beds right now experience, asking their mom and dad, ‘When are we leaving? When can I play with my friends?’ So I decided I have to help them.”
In February, 2017, Becca came up with the idea for Knots and Arrows, a company that makes bracelets (手镯) out of swimsuit materials (泳衣布料). Part of the money made from each bracelet goes to the organizations that help people with cancer.
Becca created the company with her father, Gerhard Salmins. Gerhard Salmins once had cancer and already recovered from it. “I would be in the hospital sitting there crying and then my dad would come in and he would play games with me,” she said. “It made me forget about what I was going through” Becca said the name of the organization shows the motto (座右铭) she stuck to through her personal cancer journey.
Her organization has already given thousands of dollars to research organizations and families in need. Becca said she hoped her bracelets would make people remember that great things can result from small changes. “No matter what age you are, what you look like, and how you act, you can make a difference!”she said.
24. What happened to Becca at the end of 2016?
A. She recovered from cancer. B. She created an organization.
C. She raised a lot of money. D. She was helped by a company.
25. What do we know about Becca’s father?
A. He showed Becca a famous motto. B. He fought off cancer successfully.
C. He advised Becca to forget her pain. D. He named the company Knots and Arrows.
26. Which of the following words can best describe Becca?
A. Negative. B. Creative. C. Caring. D. Clever.
27. In Becca’s opinion, what’s the meaning of her bracelets?
A. To tell us having a motto is important.
B. To prove cancer can be got over successfully.
C. To show there’s always someone who needs help.
D. To make us realize everyone can make a difference.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了小女孩贝卡成功战胜了癌症病魔，之后又创办手镯公司帮助其它癌症患者的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Luckily, Becca celebrated her final treatment on Nov. 13, 2016, and she has been cancer-free ever since. ”（幸运的是，贝卡在2016年11月13日庆祝了她的最后一次治疗，从那以后她就再也没有癌症了）可知，2016年底贝卡她从癌症中康复了。故选A项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Becca created the company with her father, Gerhard Salmins. Gerhard Salmins once had cancer and already recovered from it.”（贝卡和她的父亲格哈德·萨明斯一起创建了这家公司。格哈德·萨明斯曾经患过癌症，现在已经康复了）可知，关于贝卡的父亲，我们知道他成功地战胜了癌症。故选B项。
26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““I was never able to do much, and that’s what the kids lying in their hospital beds right now experience, asking their mom and dad, ‘When are we leaving? When can I play with my friends?’ So I decided I have to help them.””（“我从来没能做什么，这就是躺在病床上的孩子们现在的经历，他们问他们的父母，‘我们什么时候离开？我什么时候可以和朋友们一起玩？’所以我决定必须帮助他们。”）和最后一段中“Her organization has already given thousands of dollars to research organizations and families in need.”（她的组织已经向有需要的研究机构和家庭捐赠了数千美元）可推知，贝卡是一个关心他人的人。故选C项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Becca said she hoped her bracelets would make people remember that great things can result from small changes. “No matter what age you are, what you look like, and how you act, you can make a difference!” she said.”（贝卡说，她希望她的手镯能让人们记住，小小的改变也能成就伟大的事业。“不管你多大年纪，不管你长什么样子，不管你怎么做，你都可以有所作为！”她说）可推知，在贝卡看来，她的手镯让我们意识到每个人都可以有所作为。故选D项。
C
We know that reading is good for children and for adults as well. Now a new study suggests that just being around books has its benefits — even if you don’t read them a lot. A team of researchers in Australia finds that growing up in a home with a sizable library improves literacy, number sense and even technological knowledge in later life.
The researchers were interested in what is called the “Radiation Effect”. “Radiation Effect” is a situation where children grow up around books, even though they don’t read them as much as their parents would like them to. But somehow books benefit them.
Joanna Sikora, a sociologist at the Australian National University, and her colleagues studied data collected between 2011 and 2015. The survey tested more than 160,000 adults from 31 different societies, and it included a question about how many books testers had in their homes during adolescence (青春期的).
“We found that people who grew up around books had better literacy, numeracy and digital problem-solving skills than people who had fewer books growing up but had similar education levels, similar jobs and even similar adult habits.” In fact, teens who only made it through high school but were raised in a bookish environment were successful as well in adulthood as college graduates who grew up in a house lacking books.
“So if we grow up in a house, in a home where parents enjoy books, where books are given as birthday presents and cherished and valued, this is something that becomes a part of our identity and gives us this lifelong influence to improve our reading and writing ability.” said Sikora.
So keep those shelves filled with books. Your kids will not only be grateful, they’ll be more likely to be able to spell grateful correctly as well.
28. Which is the benefit for children being around books?
A. They will work with numbers well. B. They will have a big library at home.
C. They will fall in love with literature. D. They will form the habit of reading a lot.
29. The “Radiation Effect” might work for_________.
A. a girl who doesn't read books B. a boy who receives higher education
C. a girl who visits bookstores a lot D. a boy who grows up without books
30. What do we know from paragraph 4?
A. College graduates raised without books are surely not successful.
B. Teens, after graduating from high schools, can find better jobs.
C. People raised in a bookish environment can solve real-life problems easily.
D. Children being around books can be successful in adulthood.
31. What are parents advised to do?
A. To have a big collection of books. B. To keep shelves filled with dictionaries.
C. To enjoy writing books for children. D. To make kids spell grateful correctly.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现：小孩子从小生活在有书的环境中，即使不读书也对孩子有好的影响。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A team of researchers in Australia finds that growing up in a home with a sizable library improves literacy, number sense and even technological knowledge in later life. (澳大利亚的一组研究人员发现，在一个拥有大量图书的房屋中长大，可以提高以后的生活中的识字率，数字感甚至技术知识)”可知，附近有书陪伴给孩子带来的好处是可提高对数字的感觉。故选A项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中““Radiation Effect” is a situation where children grow up around books, even though they don’t read them as much as their parents would like them to.(“辐射效应”是指儿童在书本周围长大的情况，即使他们没有像父母希望的那样阅读)”可推知，“辐射效应”适用于经常去书店的孩子。故选C项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“In fact, teens who only made it through high school but were raised in a bookish environment were successful as well in adulthood as college graduates who grew up in a house lacking books. (事实上，那些只上完高中却在书香环境中长大的青少年，成年后的成功程度与那些在没有书的环境中长大的大学毕业生一样高)”可推知，第四段主要讲的是在周围有书的环境中的孩子长大后可以成功。故选D项。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“So keep those shelves filled with books.(因此让书架上装满书籍)”可知，文章建议父母多收藏书。故选A项。
D
Around the world, support is growing for electric cars. Car makers are producing more electric cars with a longer distance and lower prices. Some European countries plan to be all-electric by 2040 or sooner. However, there are a lot of difficulties, including one practical consideration for customers:If they buy electric cars, where will they charge (充电) them?
Public charging stations arc not built evenly around the world. Places with lots of support from governments, like China and the Netherlands have thousands of public charging stations. But in many places, there are not many public chargers. That’s a problem for people who need to drive further than the 200 miles or so that most electric cars can travel.
This situation worries many potential (潜在的) electric car owners. “If I can’t charge, there’s no way for me to have an electric car as my primary transportation,” says Solie, who works far from his home.
Mr. Romano, the CEO of ChargePoint, says workplaces should have around 2.5 chargers for every employee and stores need one for every 20 electric cars. Highways need one every 50 to 75 miles, he says.
Luckily, car makers and governments are pushing to fill the gaps. The number of chargers grew by 72 percent to more than 322, 000 last year, the International Energy Agency says. BMW, Daimler, Volkswagen, and Ford are building 400 fast-charging stations in Europe.
But there are pitfalls. There arc different types of charging stations, and no one knows the exact mix drivers will finally need. A store might spend $5, 000 for a charger, which provides a car with 5 to 15 miles of range in 30 minutes. But once most cars get 200 or 300 miles per charge, slow chargers are less necessary.
32. What prevents potential customers from buying electric cars?
A. The long-time charging. B. The power problem.
C. The safety. D. The price.
33. What is Solie’s attitude toward buying electric cars?
A. Tired. B. Hopeful. C. Supportive. D. Uninterested.
34. What do Mr. Romano’s words suggest?
A. There is a great need for chargers. B. The government should take action.
C. Car makers will have a bright future. D. Electric cars are becoming less popular.
35. What does the underlined word “pitfalls” in the last paragraph mean?
A Dangers. B. Problems. C. Advantages. D. Achievements.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了电力问题阻碍了潜在客户购买电动汽车，幸运的是，汽车制造商和政府正在努力填补这一空白。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“However, there are a lot of difficulties, including one practical consideration for customers: If they buy electric cars, where will they charge (充电) them?(然而，有很多困难，包括客户的一个实际考虑：如果他们买了电动汽车，他们将在哪里充电？)”可知，电力问题阻碍了潜在客户购买电动汽车。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““If I can’t charge, there’s no way for me to have an electric car as my primary transportation,” says Solie, who works far from his home.(“如果我不能充电，我就不可能把电动汽车作为我的主要交通工具，”索利说，他在离家很远的地方工作)”可推知，索利对购买电动汽车的态度是不感兴趣。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Mr. Romano, the CEO of ChargePoint, says workplaces should have around 2.5 chargers for every employee and stores need one for every 20 electric cars. Highways need one every 50 to 75 miles, he says.(ChargePoint的首席执行长Romano说，工作场所应该为每位员工配备大约2.5个充电器，商店每20辆电动汽车需要一个充电器。高速公路每50到75英里就需要一个，他说)”可推知，Romano先生的话暗示了对充电器的需求很大。故选A。
【35题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“There are different types of charging stations, and no one knows the exact mix drivers will finally need.”可知，充电站有不同的类型，没有人知道司机最终需要哪种类型的充电站。说明这其中还是存在问题。故划线词意思是“问题”。故选B。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Writing tips for travel journals
There are many benefits of keeping a journal when you’re traveling. It helps you remember your visit and learn more culture and customs. Also, it helps you reflect on what you have learned. ____36____ Here are some writing tips for your travel journals.
Write about what you imagine it will be like
Sometimes when you travel, your destination is wildly different than what you expected. Maybe you expected the local food to be bad but it turned out to be delicious. ____37____ . Maybe you thought you would be more comfortable with the language. Whatever it is, write it down before you arrive. It will be interesting to compare these predictions to your actual experiences.
Write during your trip
____38____ . Therefore, try and write as much as you can while traveling. Your journals don’t have to be long, but you should let them highlight what you feel. Before going to bed, try and recall what you did that day, what you thought and how you felt. This will serve as a great way to help you reflect and grow from what you experienced.
____39____
Even though your journal is meant for writing, pictures are still worth a thousand words. Combining pictures with your first-hand accounts of what they represent, or what happened when they were taken will make for an even more comprehensive narrative of your travels.
Write about your trip after you leave
It is necessary to write about your trip before you arrive. ____40____ . It is important to reflect on your travels to develop new understandings and apply them to future adventures. This is also a great way to learn about yourself. Step back from all the things you did and try to see the big picture. It may surprise you.
A. Activities on the list.
B. Add pictures to your journal.
C. Such refection can be later applied to other parts of your life.
D. Maybe you imagined the town to be smaller than it actually is.
E. Equally importantly, you should also write about it after you leave.
F. It is always easier to remember things when they are fresh in your brain.
G. Keeping a travel journal offers opportunities to fix your feelings on the page.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. F 39. B 40. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了旅行日记的写作技巧。
【36题详解】
上文“Also, it helps you reflect on what you have learned. (同时，它还能帮助你反思你所了解到的东西。)”说明旅行日记能帮助进行反思，选项C“这样的反思以后可以应用到你生活的其他部分。”承接上文，说明反思的益处。选项中refection和上文中reflect语义相关，故选C项。
【37题详解】
上文“Maybe you expected the local food to be bad but it turned out to be delicious. (也许你以为当地的食物很难吃，但结果却非常美味。)”用具体事例说明了想象和实际的不同，选项D“也许你想象中的小镇比实际的要小。”承接上文，继续具体说明想象和实际的不同。选项和上文都用Maybe you开头，是同类句型，故选D项。
【38题详解】
下文“Therefore, try and write as much as you can while traveling. (因此，在旅行时尽量多写。)”建议在旅行时多写，选项F“当事物还在你大脑中新鲜的时候，总是更容易记住。”和下文存在因果关系，因为刚发生的事情容易记住，所以旅行时尽量多写。故选F项。
【39题详解】
下文“Even though your journal is meant for writing, pictures are still worth a thousand words. (即使你的日记是用来写作的，但图片仍然胜过千言万语。)”说明本段强调图片的重要性，选项B“在日记中添加图片。”符合本段主题。故选B项。
【40题详解】
上文“It is necessary to write about your trip before you arrive. (在你到达之前有必要把你的旅行写下来。)”说明在到达之前就有必要写，选项E“同样重要的是，你离开后也应该把它写下来。”承接上文，说明离开后也有必要写下来。语义一致，故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
So far, many dolphins worldwide have been captured and kept in small pools, performing for people, especially kids. These dolphins are fed on fish instead of having to ___41___them. Gradually, they start spending most of their time near the pool waiting for food rather than underwater. They get out of shape and can no longer ___42___for long distances, which affects their___43___ greatly, and results in ___44___ consequences (后果).
Thus comes the question. “Should captive (被关起来的) dolphins be ___45___?” Jeff Foster, a dolphin expert, decided to help two captive dolphins, Tom and Misha, to reach their top physical___46___. Every day, he trained the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again. Twenty months later, Tom and Misha began to act like ___47___ dolphins and they were set free back into the sea.
___48___Tom and Misha lived in captivity for 4 to 5 years, they were able to adapt to the wild. It was ___49___ what Foster had hoped for. His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true and he knew that the dolphins would ____50____ in the wild.
This program was successful, but there have been other failures. For example, another dolphin, Keiko, returned into the ocean in 2002, but____51____ a year later because of all the misery (痛苦) he ____52____ in the past. The sudden ____53____change did not suit him well.
If people want to avoid these accidents, we must go to great lengths and put ____54____to ensure it doesn’t happen ever again. In fact, with virtual reality technology picking up, there can still be great ways to ____55____ kids with sea animals without having to capture them.
41. A. pick up B. throw away C. look after D. hunt for
42. A. see B. hear C. jump D. dive
43. A. taste B. shelter C. lifestyle D. popularity
44. A. unexpected B. possible C. terrible D. indirect
45. A. released B. disturbed C. protected D. fed
46. A. exercise B. pain C. appearance D. condition
47. A. wild B. clever C. helpless D. harmless
48. A. Because B. Unless C. Although D. If
49. A. hardly B. exactly C. possibly D. awfully
50. A. train B. search C. survive D. perform
51. A. escaped B. died C. returned D. recovered
52. A. led to B. went through C. went over D. brought up
53. A. environment B. temperature C. ocean D. food
54. A. dreams B. hopes C. promises D. efforts
55. A. inspire B. treat C. please D. change
【答案】41. D 42. D 43. C 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. C 51. B 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就是否应将被关起来的海豚放归海洋进行了讨论。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些海豚被喂食，而不必去捕食。A. pick up捡起、偶然学会；B. throw away扔掉；C. look after照顾；D. hunt for寻找、猎取……。由上文的“These dolphins are fed on fish”和下文的“Gradually, they start spending most of their time near the pool waiting for food (渐渐地，它们开始把大部分时间花在游泳池附近等待食物)”可知，这些海豚不需要自己捕鱼，而是被喂食。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们身材走样，无法再长距离潜水，这极大地影响了它们的生活方式，并导致了可怕的后果。A. see看见；B. hear听到；C. jump跳跃；D. dive潜水。由上文的“Gradually, they start spending most of their time near the pool waiting for food rather than underwater. They get out of shape (渐渐地，它们开始把大部分时间花在游泳池附近等待食物，而不是下水。它们身材走样)”可知，被捕获的海豚由于长期生活在狭小的池子里无需下水自己捕鱼，身材变形，不能再远距离潜水。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们身材走样，无法再长距离潜水，这极大地影响了它们的生活方式，并导致了可怕的后果。A. taste味道；B. shelter庇护所；C. lifestyle生活方式；D. popularity受欢迎。由上文的“Gradually, they start spending most of their time near the pool waiting for food rather than underwater. (渐渐地，它们开始把大部分时间花在游泳池附近等待食物，而不是下水)”可知，生活在池子里对海豚的生活方式有很大的影响。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们身材走样，无法再长距离潜水，这极大地影响了它们的生活方式，并导致了可怕的后果。A. unexpected想不到的；B. possible可能的；C. terrible可怕的、非常严重的；D. indirect间接的。由上文的“They get out of shape and can no longer ___2___for long distances”可知，这导致了可怕的后果。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“圈养海豚应该被放生吗？”海豚专家杰夫·福斯特决定帮助两只圈养海豚汤姆和米莎达到最佳身体状态。A. released释放；B. disturbed打扰；C. protected保护；D. fed喂养。由下文的“they were set free back into the sea (它们被放归大海)”可知，此处指“圈养海豚应该被放生吗？”故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“圈养海豚应该被放生吗？”海豚专家杰夫·福斯特决定帮助两只圈养海豚汤姆和米莎达到最佳身体状态。A. exercise锻炼；B. pain痛苦；C. appearance出现；D. condition健康状况。由上文的“They get out of shape and can no longer ___2___for long distances (它们身材走样，无法再长距离潜水)”和下文的“Every day, he trained the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again. (每天，他都训练这两只海豚重新适应它们的野外家园)”可知，此处说的是帮海豚恢复到最佳的体格状态。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：二十个月后，汤姆和米莎开始表现得像野生海豚，它们被放归大海。A. wild野生的；B. clever聪明的；C. helpless无助的；D. harmless无害的。由上文的“Every day, he trained the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again. (每天，他都训练这两只海豚重新适应它们的野外家园)”可知，经过训练，两只海豚开始像野生海豚一样行动。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管汤姆和米莎被圈养了4到5年，但它们能够适应野外。A. Because因为；B. Unless除非；C. Although尽管；D. If假如。由本处语境可知，虽然汤姆和米莎被圈养了四到五年，但它们还能适应野生环境，Although引导让步状语从句。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是福斯特所希望的。A. hardly几乎不；B. exactly确切地、正是如此；C. possibly可能地；D. awfully非常。由上文的“they were set free back into the sea (它们被放归大海)”和下文的“His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true (他对海豚的梦想终于实现了)”可知，把海豚放归大海，这正是福斯特所希望的。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对海豚的梦想终于实现了，他知道海豚会在野外生存。A. train训练；B. search寻找；C. survive生存；D. perform表演。由上文的“they were set free back into the sea (它们被放归大海)”可知，经过训练，海豚可以在野外生存了。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，另一只海豚Keiko于2002年重返大海，但一年后因过去所经历的痛苦而死亡。A. escaped逃脱；B. died死亡；C. returned返回；D. recovered恢复。由上文的“This program was successful, but there have been other failures. (这个项目是成功的，但也有其他失败的案例)”可知，此处在讲一个失败的案例，再结合下文的“misery”可知，应选died。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，另一只海豚Keiko于2002年重返大海，但一年后因过去所经历的痛苦而死亡。A. led to导致；B. went through经历；C. went over复习；D. brought up抚养。由本处语境可知，此处指海豚Keiko过去所经历的痛苦。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然的环境变化不太适合它。A. environment环境；B. temperature温度；C. ocean海洋；D. food食物。由上文的“but___11___ a year later because of all the misery (痛苦) he ___12___ in the past (但一年后因过去所经历的痛苦而死亡)”和常识可知，被圈养的海豚被放归海洋后，它们所处的环境发生了变化。此处指海豚因不能很好地适应环境的突然变化而死亡。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果人们想避免这些事故，我们必须竭尽全力确保这种情况不再发生。A. dreams梦想；B. hopes希望；C. promises承诺；D. efforts努力。由空前的and可推断，空处所填的词应与go to great lengths (竭尽全力)含义一致；再根据上文的“If people want to avoid these accidents”可知，如果要避免这些事故，人们要付出努力。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，随着虚拟现实技术的兴起，仍然可以有很好的方法来取悦喜欢海洋动物的孩子，而不必捕捉海洋动物。A. inspire鼓舞；B. treat对待；C. please使满意、取悦；D. change改变。由上文的“with virtual reality technology picking up”和下文的“without having to capture them”可知，使用虚拟现实技术，我们不用捕捉海洋动物也可以逗孩子们开心。故选C项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinatown in San Francisco is the ____56____ (big) in America, and also the oldest. The climate is mild all year round, ____57____ (mean) it is always a good time to visit. Now, the majority of residents in Chinatown ____58____ (be) still ethnic Chinese, many of whom do not speak English ____59____ (fluent). This allows visitors ____60____ (experience) a real taste of China. Visitors can spend hours just ____61____ (explore) the interesting sights, smells, and sounds of China. The stores in the Chinatown offer ____62____ unique range of souvenirs, goods, and clothing. All kinds of traditional Chinese herbal medicine can be found, too. And there are Chinese tea stores, ____63____ visitors can taste and buy varieties of Chinese tea. But perhaps what many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is ____64____ (it) food. There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste, with traditional _____65_____ (dish) from all over China.
【答案】56. biggest
57. meaning
58. are 59. fluently
60. to experience
61. exploring
62. a 63. where
64. its 65. dishes
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了旧金山的唐人街的历史发展过程、特点和重要意义。
【56题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：旧金山的唐人街是美国最大的，也是最古老的。根据句意，下文“and also the oldest”以及空前定冠词the可知，此处为形容词最高级形式，满足句意要求。故填biggest。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：气候一年四季温和，这意味着它总是一个很好的时间来参观。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，mean和逻辑主语（前面整句话）为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填meaning。
【58题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：现在，唐人街的大多数居民仍然是华裔，其中许多人的英语说得不流利。空处为主句谓语动词，由句中的Now可知用一般现在时，此处the majority of residents作主语，表示大多数居民，故谓语动词用复数形式。故填are。
【59题详解】
考查副词。句意：现在，唐人街的大多数居民仍然是华裔，其中许多人的英语说得不流利。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词fluently修饰动词speak。故填fluently。
【60题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：这让游客体验到真正的中国味道。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语allows sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to experience。
【61题详解】
考查动名词。句意：游客可以花几个小时来探索中国有趣的风景、气味和声音。此处为spend some time (in) doing sth“花时间做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填exploring。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：唐人街的商店提供各种独特的纪念品、商品和服装。a/an...range of“一系列的……”为固定短语，空后unique为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。
【63题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：还有中国茶店，游客可以在那里品尝和购买各种中国茶。分析句子可知，，先行词Chinese tea stores在从句中作地点状语成分，此处为关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句。故填where。
【64题详解】
考查代词。句意：但也许许多游客和旧金山人对唐人街最珍视的是它的食物。由空后food为名词可知，此处为形容词性物主代词作定语修饰该名词。故填its。
【65题详解】
考查名词复数形式。句意：有适合每个人口味的中国菜，有来自中国各地的传统菜肴。根据句意以及from all over China可知，此处为名词复数形式dishes“菜肴”，满足句意要求。故填dishes。
第三节 完成句子(共9小题;每空1分，满分20分)
根据首字母或所给中文提示以适当的形式完成句子。注意!!答题卡上每空只填一个词且写出首字。
66. With the electricity ________ ________(中断切断), all the machines stoppea working. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. cut ②. off
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：由于断电，所有的机器都停止了工作。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语cut off，表示电被切断，此处是with复合结构，with+宾语+宾语补足语，cut off与electricity是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填①cut；②off。

67. AI technology is expected to have a great ________ ________(产生巨大的影响) people’s work and life. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. influence##impact##effect ②. on
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人工智能技术有望对人们的工作和生活产生巨大影响。“对……产生巨大的影响”是have a great influence/impact/effect on，因此空格处是influence/impact/effect on，故填influence/impact/effect，on。
68. The company always t________ environmental issues ________ ________ (把…考虑在内)whenever it makes a production plan. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】 ①. takes##akes ②. into ③. consideration
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：公司在制定生产计划时总是把环境问题考虑在内。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语take... into consideration“把……考虑在内”，满足句意要求，结合The company为单数名词可知，为动词三单形式。故分别填takes；into；consideration。
69. Someone has taken my dictionary b________ ________ ?(错误地) I can’t find it anywhere. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】 ①. by ②. mistake
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：有人错拿了我的字典?我到处都找不到。by mistake错误地。根据汉语提示及句意，故填by mistake。
70. An artist has come up with a cool idea to make people be a________ ________(意识到) global warming. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】 ①. aware##ware ②. of
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词及介词。句意：一位艺术家想出了一个很酷的主意，让人们意识到全球变暖。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词短语be aware of。故填①aware；②of。

71. The Nobel Peace Prize is given to such people who have m________ great ________(做出巨大贡献)maintaining global peace and stability. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】 ①. made##ade ②. contributions
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：诺贝尔和平奖颁给那些为维护世界和平与稳定做出巨大贡献的人。根据汉语提示以及首字母可知短语为make great contributions to，结合have可知为现在完成时。故填①made；②contributions 。
72. It is difficult for the plastic bags to b________ ________(分解)in the soil, so they should be gradually replaced by recyclable materials. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】 ①. break##reak ②. down
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：塑料袋在土壤中很难分解，所以应该逐步用可回收材料代替。根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“分解”应为break down，且位于不定式符号to之后，所以使用动词原形。故填break；down。
73. The couple became homeless d________(因为) their wrong investment. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】due to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：由于投资失败，这对夫妇陪得倾家荡产。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用介词短语due to，故填due to。

74. It was the high price that s________ possible buyers ________(把……吓跑). （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】 ①. scared##cared ②. away
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：是昂贵的价格把想买东西的顾客吓跑了。It was...that是强调句型，强调主语the high price，所以第一空在句中作谓语，由was可知，应用一般过去时，“把……吓跑”为短语scare...away。故填①scared；②away。
第四部分 书面表达应用文写作(共1题;满分20分)
75. 假如你是学生会主席李华，环境保护与我们息息相关，请你代表学校学生会以“爱护环境”为主题，向全校同学写一封倡议书。要点如下：
1. 环境现状；
2. 保护环境的具体措施（志愿者活动：植树，捡垃圾；低碳生活：关灯关水龙头，垃圾分类……）；
3. 呼吁投入环境保护；
注意：1. 词数120左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
3. 开头与结尾已写，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：提议proposal 低碳的low-carbon 垃圾分类garbage sorting
Dear students
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
【答案】Dear students,
I’m Li Hua, Chairman of the Students’ Union. I’m writing to make a proposal with the theme that we should take an active part in protecting the environment.
Nowadays, the environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious and global warming causes frequent extreme weather. Therefore, protecting the environment is becoming urgent. As students, we should do our parts. Firstly, participate in voluntary work such as planting trees and picking up rubbish. Additionally, it is strongly suggested that we live a low-carbon life. It makes sense to turn off the taps, the lights and other electrical appliances when we are not using them. Furthermore, we should attach great importance to garbage sorting and recycling in our daily life, through which we can reduce pollution and conserve natural resources.
All in all, let’s take action and make joint efforts to make our planet a greener one.
The Students’ Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表学校学生会以“爱护环境”为主题，向全校同学写一封倡议书。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
严重的：serious→severe
此外：additionally→in addition
参与：participate in→get involved in
建议：suggest→advise
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Nowadays, the environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious and global warming causes frequent extreme weather. Therefore, protecting the environment is becoming urgent.
拓展句：Nowadays, the environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious and global warming causes frequent extreme weather, which warns us that protecting the environment is becoming urgent.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 I’m writing to make a proposal with the theme that we should take an active part in protecting the environment. (运用了that引导的同位语从句)
【高分句型2】Furthermore, we should attach great importance to garbage sorting and recycling in our daily life, through which we can reduce pollution and conserve natural resources. (运用了“介词+which”引导非限制性定语从句)