2022-2023学年四川省成都市树德中学高一下学期5月月考英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年四川省成都市树德中学高一下学期5月月考英语试题含解析，共36页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 树德中学高2022级高一下期5月阶段性测试英语试题
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力测试(共两节，满分 30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分 7.5分)
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the man’s mother probably arrive?
A. At 3:30 pm. B. At 4:30 pm. C. At 7:00 pm.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: What time is your mother arriving?
M: She was supposed to catch the noon bus but she called me to say she missed it. So she plans to take the 3:30 which will get her here after dinner time.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man mean?
A. He doesn’t have time now.
B. He is waiting for someone else.
C. He doesn’t want to talk with Mr Miller.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Sir, there’s a Mr Miller on the phone who wants to talk to you.
M: I’m busy at the moment. Can you ask him to hold on? Tell him I’ll talk with him in a few seconds.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman want to be after graduation?
A. A lawyer. B. A doctor. C. A teacher.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I think I’d like to be a lawyer after graduation as the job sounds interesting. How about you?
W: I wouldn’t want to be a lawyer. I prefer to be a teacher though my parents expect me to be a doctor.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where is Mr. Davis now?
A. At home. B. In his office. C. On his way to office.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Good morning. I have an appointment with Mr. Davis at 11 o’clock.
M: Yes, he left a message for you, saying he’s terribly sorry but he’s stuck in traffic. Please take a seat and he’ll be here as soon as possible.
5. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man doing?
A. Making a phone call. B. Making a visit. C. Making an appointment.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Good afternoon. I’m Robert Anderson. I have an appointment with Mrs Brown. Is she in?
W: Yes, she is. She’s been waiting for you in her office. Please come in.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题 5 秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What is probably related to the man’s parking number “A1214”?
A. The man’s birthday.
B. The birthday of the man’s son.
C. The birthday of the man’s wife.
7. What is probably the woman?
A. A security guard. B. A police officer. C. A resident.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me, sir. I’m afraid you can’t park your car here.
M: Why not? It’s my parking place.
W: I’m afraid not, sir.
M: Oh? That’s a surprise. Let me see… A1214. It’s my wife’s birthday. Yes, I’m sure this is my parking place.
W: But I saw a black car always parking here before.
M: Oh, we’ve just painted our car. It was black.
W: Maybe. But the car of this space has a broken light on the right.
M: Yeah. It used to. We got that fixed yesterday, too.
W: Could you wait for a moment, sir? I’d like to have a check.
M: Sure, go ahead.
W: Sorry, sir, my mistake. This is your parking place.
M: That’s all right. It’s not your fault.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. Where are the two speakers?
A. On a bus. B. In a shopping district. C. At a street corner.
9. What’s the largest building on the left?
A. A bank. B. An office building. C. A store.
10. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. A hotel is beside the theatre.
B. The man wants to buy some clothes and food.
C. The post office is just across the street.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【原文】M: There’s a lot of traffic on the street. Is this the shopping district?
W: Yes, it is. There are a lot of stores, office buildings, and theatres near here.
M: What is the largest building on the left?
W: That’s a department store. It sells clothing, furniture, food—almost everything.
M: Do you buy everything in the same store? That’s very handy, isn’t it? It saves a lot of time. I need some clothes.
W: There’s a men’s clothing store next to the bank building on the right. There are also some good stores on Lincoln Street.
M: That’s a beautiful theatre on the corner. What do all the signs in front of it mean?
W: There’s a new play there tonight. The building next to the theatre is a hotel.
M: Is that the post office across the street?
W: No, it’s just three blocks straight ahead.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11. Which of the following won’t the speakers do on Saturdays?
A. Have a picnic. B. Ride bikes. C. Take some pictures.
12. What will the speakers do after having dinner with Mark and Mary?
A. Go to dance. B. See a film. C. Go home.
13. When will the woman go to the museum?
A. On Sunday morning. B. On Sunday afternoon. C. On Sunday evening.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Well, do you want to have a picnic in the park on Saturday?
M: That’s a good idea. And we can ride our bikes for a while, too.
W: Then there’s the party.
M: Party? What party?
W: Have you forgotten? Mark and Mary invited us to dinner on Saturday night.
M: Ah, I had forgotten. What time will we get home, do you think?
W: Probably late. Mary wants to go out after dinner to a place where we can dance.
M: Then we’ll sleep all day on Sunday.
W: Oh, not all day. Don’t you have something special that you want to do on Sunday?
M: We talked about going to that new movie.
W: Oh, yes! We can go in the evening. There are some new paintings in the museum that I want to take a look at in the afternoon.
M: It sounds like a busy weekend.
W: Our weekends are always busy. But that’s why I like New York —there is always so much to do.
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14. Why does the woman want to travel after graduation?
A. To find a good job.
B. To enrich her experience.
C. To see different places described in the books.
15. According to the woman, how can we suit the changing environment?
A. We should be independent.
B. We should be willing to change.
C. We should get to know different people.
16. What will the woman learn while traveling?
A. To respect people. B. To help people. C. To believe herself.
【答案】14. B 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: So Maria, what can you tell us about your plans for the future?
W: Well, I’ve been considering taking a year out after I graduate. You know, maybe travel around the world and see some different countries.
M: What do you hope to gain from traveling?
W: It will give me a chance to experience different cultures first-hand rather than read about them in a book. But I also think that the experience I gain will help me find a good job when I come back.
M: Can you explain why you think traveling will help you find a job?
W: Well, the way I see it, the modern business environment is changing. Therefore, to be successful in one’s life, it is important to be able to accept changes. You should be willing to change your attitudes, and even working habits to suit the ever-changing environment.
M: Er…It sounds reasonable.
W: I also believe that traveling will teach me to be independent, as well as to value other people.
M: Why do you believe traveling will help you to value other people?
W: As you know, when you’re traveling you can’t get help from your family, so you have to depend on your friends, or even turn to unknown people.
M: Oh, I see. You’re right, Maria.
听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. What did Steve like when he was a boy?
A. Playing outside. B. Writing his own story. C. Learning French.
18. When did Steve begin his writing career?
A. When he graduated from school.
B. When he played out on the hill.
C. When he moved to a new school.
19. What kind of writing did Steve enjoy?
A. Fantastic stories. B. News reports. C. Horror stories.
20. What’s the main purpose of the speaker’s speech?
A. To tell us he is very active. B. To sell his books. C. To tell us his life experience.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】
原文】I am Steve. I grew up in South Wales. My favorite place to play was out on the hills where my imagination had plenty of space to expand.My family moved out of Wales when I was thirteen. I went to a new school. One of my subjects was French. Because I had never learned any French, my teacher told me to sit in the corner and write anything I was interested in. That’s the time I started writing, just for myself, and I’ve been writing ever since. I enjoy writing fantastic stories. I think they’re like the old fairy tales, and can teach you important things. But I never write horror stories.I am in my forties on the outside, twelve on the inside. I like rock music, Indian and Chinese food, and I enjoy drinking. I live in a small village with my wife Mary, ducks, cats, goats, hens and lots of rabbits. If you’d like to find out more about me and hope to buy my books, go to my blog.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 50分)
第一节 (共 20小题;每小题2分，满分 40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Food Taboos Around the World
●Jamaican Taboos
When it comes to raising children，there are some definite food-related taboos（禁忌）Jamaican people believe in. It is believed that if children eat chicken before they learn to speak, they will never talk. Eating half an egg will make the child grow into a thief and drinking milk from a baby bottle will turn them into an alcoholic.
●Nigerian Taboos
Much like the Jamaican taboos, many Nigerians’ taboos revolve around children. While they don’t believe children who eat eggs will turn into thieves, they have particularly strong feelings about coconut milk. Another widely held belief is that children who drink this type of milk will become unintelligent.
●Russian Taboos
Old world traditions are very much alive in Russia when it comes to traditional dating. If you are hoping to court a lady at a restaurant, do not expect to go Dutch. If you are the one who arranges the date, you are expected to pay for everything, as most Russian women won’t even bring their wallets on a formal date.
●Chinese Taboos
If you travel to China, minding your chopsticks is important. After finishing a meal at a restaurant, do not leave your chopsticks sticking up in the left-over rice at the bottom of your bowl. That practice is employed when families offer a meal to their ancestors’ ghosts at family shrines（神龛）but Chinese believe doing so in a restaurant would bother the owner with a terrible curse. For more global food taboos, click here and check out the full list.
21. What is least recommended for 2-year-olds in Nigeria?
A. Half an egg. B. Chicken. C. Coconut milk. D. Bottled milk.
22. Which country stresses the placement of eating tools as part of its food taboos?
A. Jamaica. B. Nigeria. C. Russia. D. China.
23. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A food brochure. B. A travel website.
C. A geography textbook. D. An academic journal.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了世界各地的食物禁忌。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“While they don’t believe children who eat eggs will turn into thieves, they have particularly strong feelings about coconut milk.(虽然他们不相信吃鸡蛋的孩子会变成小偷，但他们对椰奶有特别强烈的感情。)”可推断，在尼日利亚不推荐给2岁的孩子喝椰奶。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“If you travel to China, minding your chopsticks is important. After finishing a meal at a restaurant, do not leave your chopsticks sticking up in the left-over rice at the bottom of your bowl. That practice is employed when families offer a meal to their ancestors’ ghosts at family shrines（神龛）but Chinese believe doing so in a restaurant would bother the owner with a terrible curse. (如果你去中国旅行，注意筷子很重要。在餐馆吃完一顿饭后，不要把筷子放在碗底部剩下的米饭里。当家庭在家庭神龛为他们祖先的鬼魂提供食物时，就会有这种做法，但中国人认为，在餐馆里这样做会给主人带来可怕的诅咒。)”可知，在中国，强调餐具的摆放作为食物禁忌的一部分。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“For more global food taboos, click here and check out the full list.(想了解更多全球食物禁忌，点击这里查看完整列表。)”可知，文章节选自旅游网站。故选B。
B
A six-year-old longing to keep a unicorn in her backyard figured she’d get the hard part out of the way first.
Last November, Madeline wrote a letter to the Los Angeles County Department of Animal Care and Control with a straightforward request. “Dear LA County, I would like your approval if I can have a unicorn in my backyard if I can find one. Please send me a letter in response.”
Director Mayeda replied two weeks later. The department does in fact license unicorns, she said, undercertain conditions. Those include polishing the unicorn’s horn at least once a month with a soft cloth, feeding it watermelon at least once a week, covering it with only nontoxic and biodegradable sparkles and giving it regular access to sunlight, moonbeams, and rainbows. And, because unicorns are indeed very rare to find, the department is also giving Madeline a toy unicorn to keep her company during her search, as a token of appreciation.
“It is always rewarding to hear from young people who thoughtfully consider the requirements of providing a loving home for animals,” Mayeda wrote in the letter. “I like your sense of responsible pet ownership to seek permission in advance to keep a unicorn in Los Angeles County.”
Mayeda told the Washington Post that this is the first time the department has received a request for a license for a unicorn or any mythical creature. They were impressed with the first grader for wanting to ask permission in the first place, and doing her research to work out how to go about that. She and her colleagues deal with a lot of “life-and-death” issues on the job, whether that’s seeing cases of animal abuse or animals hurting people or making decisions about having to put down dangerous or sick animals. So Madeline’s letter has considerably brightened their spirits, and she is due to visit the department this week to discuss her unicorn license application. Safe to say, she’s in for a magical surprise.
24. Why did Madeline write the letter?
A. To apply to visit a unicorn. B. To learn to provide animal care.
C. To ask permission to keep a pet. D. To figure out how to find a unicorn.
25. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A. Madeline’s application was disapproved.
B. Guidance was given for Madeline’s search.
C. Madeline was presented with a live unicorn.
D. Requirements should be met for the license.
26. Which of the following best describes Mayeda?
A. Strict. B. Loving. C. Sensitive. D. Realistic.
27. Why has the letter cheered up Mayeda and her colleagues?
A. It is the first application letter for a pet.
B. Madeline puts great effort into her dream.
C. Animal protection is a life-and-death issue.
D. The department often deals with tough issues.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了六岁的孩子Madeline写信给洛杉矶县动物保护与控制部门，希望获得许可养一只独角兽。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Last November, Madeline wrote a letter to the Los Angeles County Department of Animal Care and Control with a straightforward request. “Dear LA County, I would like your approval if I can have a unicorn in my backyard if I can find one. Please send me a letter in response.”(去年11月，Madeline给Los Angeles County Department of Animal Care and Control写了一封信，提出了一个直截了当的要求。“亲爱的洛杉矶县，如果我能找到独角兽，我希望你能批准我在后院养一只独角兽。请给我回信。”)”可知，Madeline写这封信是为了请求允许养宠物。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Director Mayeda replied two weeks later. The department does in fact license unicorns, she said, undercertain conditions. Those include polishing the unicorn’s horn at least once a month with a soft cloth, feeding it watermelon at least once a week, covering it with only nontoxic and biodegradable sparkles and giving it regular access to sunlight, moonbeams, and rainbows. And, because unicorns are indeed very rare to find, the department is also giving Madeline a toy unicorn to keep her company during her search, as a token of appreciation.(Mayeda局长两周后回复。她说，该部门实际上是在一定条件下批准独角兽的。这些措施包括每月至少用软布擦拭独角兽的角一次，每周至少喂它一次西瓜，只给它涂上无毒且可生物降解的闪光，并定期让它接触阳光、月光和彩虹。而且，由于独角兽确实非常罕见，该部门还送给玛德琳一只玩具独角兽，让她在寻找的过程中陪伴她，以表示感谢。)”可知，要获得许可应满足一些要求。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“And, because unicorns are indeed very rare to find, the department is also giving Madeline a toy unicorn to keep her company during her search, as a token of appreciation.(而且，由于独角兽确实非常罕见，该部门还送给玛德琳一只玩具独角兽，让她在寻找的过程中陪伴她，以表示感谢。)”可知，Mayeda是富有爱心的，故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“She and her colleagues deal with a lot of “life-and-death” issues on the job, whether that’s seeing cases of animal abuse or animals hurting people or making decisions about having to put down dangerous or sick animals.(她和她的同事们在工作中处理了很多“生死攸关”的问题，无论是看到动物虐待或动物伤害人类的案例，还是做出必须杀死危险或生病动物的决定。)”可知，这封信鼓舞了Mayeda和她的同事们是因为这个部门经常处理棘手的问题。故选D。
C
The word listen, as is shown in Longman Dictionary, means paying attention to what someone is saying or to a sound that you can hear. Listening is definitely an important skill in communication. “When people talk, listen completely.” Those words of Ernest Hemingway might be a pretty good guiding principle for many managers. After all, people like being listened to.
Some firms use a technique known as a “listening circle”. In such a circle, only one person can talk about the issues they face at a time and there is no interruption. A study cited in the Harvard Business Review found that employees who had taken part in a listening circle subsequently suffered less social anxiety and had fewer worries about work-related matters than those who did not.
Listening has been critical to the career of Richard Mullender, who was a hostage (人质) negotiator, dealing with everything from suicide interventions to international kidnaps (绑架). He defines listening as “the identification, selection and interpretation of the key words”. It is crucial to all effective communication.
Plenty of people think that good listening is about nodding your head or keeping eye contact. But that is not really listening, Mr Mullender argues. A good listener is always looking for facts, emotions and indications of the other person’s values. Another important point to bear in mind is that, when you talk, you are not listening. The listener’s focus should be on analysis.
Of course, a listener needs to speak occasionally. One approach is to make an assessment of what the other person is telling you and then check it with them. For example, you can check with the other person by saying “It seems to me that what you want is…”. That gives the other party a sense that they are being understood. The fundamental aim is to build up a relationship so the other person likes you and trusts you, Mr Mullender says.
28. What can we learn about a “listening circle”?
A. A listening circle focuses on personal issues.
B. In a listening circle, a speaker won’t be interrupted.
C. A listening circle increases worries about work-related matters.
D. Employees get rid of social anxiety by taking part in a listening circle.
29. What’s Mr Mullender’s attitude to speaking occasionally when listening?
A. Critical. B. Opposed. C. Cautious. D. Favorable.
30. Why should we be good listeners?
A. To be liked and trusted by the other person.
B. To check our assessments with the other person.
C. To make assessments of what the other person is saying.
D. To have a sense of being understood by the other person.
31. What’s the best title of the text?
A. The Analysis of a Listening Circle
B. The Tricks of Successful Listening
C. The Misunderstanding of Listening
D. The Necessity of Effective Listening
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了成功倾听的秘诀。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Some firms use a technique known as a “listening circle”. In such a circle, only one person can talk about the issues they face at a time and there is no interruption.(一些公司使用一种被称为“倾听圈”的技术。在这样的圈子里，一次只有一个人可以谈论他们面临的问题，而且没有中断)”可知，在“倾听圈”中，说话者不会被打断。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Of course, a listener needs to speak occasionally. One approach is to make an assessment of what the other person is telling you and then check it with them. For example, you can check with the other person by saying “It seems to me that what you want is …”. That gives the other party a sense that they are being understood. (当然，倾听者需要偶尔说话。一种方法是对对方告诉你的内容进行评估，然后与他们核对。例如，你可以通过说“在我看来，你想要的是……”来与对方核实。这给对方一种他们被理解的感觉)”可知，对于倾听时偶尔说话，Mullender先生的态度是支持的。故选D项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The fundamental aim is to build up a relationship so the other person likes you and trusts you, Mr Mullender says.(Mullender先生说，基本目标是建立一种关系，让对方喜欢你并信任你)”可知，我们要成为好的倾听者，是为了被对方喜欢和信任。故选A项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Listening is definitely an important skill in communication. “When people talk, listen completely.” Those words of Ernest Hemingway might be a pretty good guiding principle for many managers.(倾听无疑是沟通中的一项重要技能。“当人们说话时，要认真倾听。”欧内斯特·海明威的这些话可能是许多管理者的一个很好的指导原则)”、倒数第二段“A good listener is always looking for facts, emotions and indications of the other person’s values.(一个好的倾听者总是在寻找事实、情绪和他人价值观的迹象)”以及最后一段“Of course, a listener needs to speak occasionally.(当然，倾听者需要偶尔说话)”可知，本文主要介绍了成功倾听的秘诀，所以“成功倾听的秘诀”可以作为文章标题。故选B项。
D
Your emotion helps you make sense of the world. At the core of an emotion is a subjective experience of the valence of it — what emotion scientists call “affect” (情感). Generally speaking, affect is what we are most focused on. Do you have chocolate cake in front of you? That’s good! Do you see a spider on the table! That’s bad!
Your affective reactions tell you which experiences are desirable, and which aren’t, but the total emotional experience includes all you do and think. You can learn a lot by observing and describing them. You can also learn a lot by appreciating their secret life.
The problem is: the affective features of emotions tend to dominate. Our subjective valence of emotion is almost all we can see. When emotions are only about what is pleasant or unpleasant in subjective experience right now, the more important features of emotion disappear.
If you can slow down and expand; if you stop running or clinging (沉浸其中) and adopt a sense of curiosity, emotions become more subtle and different. When fear comes up, don’t walk away so that fear dissipates. Instead, stay. Allow yourself to feel the nervousness, the sweating, and everything else that comes along with it. It is one of the hardest things to do in life, but it’s also one of the most rewarding. If you run, you are telling basic parts of your brain, “I guess this threat really was real. I better stay away from it.” You are training yourself to fear, regardless of that situation. If you cling, you are saying, “Escape from this emotion is a threat”, and since it is not a happy experience, happiness slips through your hands like sand.
Note that you can not fool yourself. Just allow the full emotion. You will never enter into their secret life until you stop running or clinging. To control your life, you need to actively train your emotions to be your ally (同盟). Observe. Describe. Appreciate. Do that and you may find you have allies for healthy living that were there all along.
32. Why does the author mention “chocolate cake” and “spider” in paragraph 1?
A. To explain the complex response of emotions.
B. To show the subjective experience of emotions.
C. To indicate the goodness and badness of the world.
D. To emphasize the significance of emotions in life.
33. What is the consequence if you just focus on your present feelings?
A. The present feelings are less obvious.
B. The subjective emotions are less powerful.
C. The overall picture of emotions is easier to ignore.
D. The observation and description of emotions are easier.
34. What does the underlined word “dissipates” in Paragraph 4 probably refer to?
A. Deepens. B. Spreads. C. Disappears. D. Sticks.
35. What is the text mainly about?
A. The secret of emotions. B. The subjective experience.
C. The importance of allies in life. D. Magical functions of emotions.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了情感的秘密有哪些，包括情绪情感的核心，以及如何更好控制它们，成为情绪的盟友。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段中的“At the core of an emotion is a subjective experience of the valence of it — what emotion scientists call “affect” (情感). Generally speaking, affect is what we are most focused on. Do you have chocolate cake in front of you? That’s good! Do you see a spider on the table! That’s bad! (情绪的核心是对情感价值的主观体验，情感科学家称之为““affect” (情感)”。一般来说，情感是我们最关注的。你面前有巧克力蛋糕吗？太好了！你看见桌子上有蜘蛛吗！太糟糕了！)”可知，情绪的核心是对情感价值的主观体验，后面举例巧克力蛋糕和蜘蛛是为了论述这句话，表现情感的主观体验。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“Our subjective valence of emotion is almost all we can see. When emotions are only about what is pleasant or unpleasant in subjective experience right now, the more important features of emotion disappear. (我们的主观情感价值几乎是我们所能看到的。当情绪只与当前主观体验中的愉快或不愉快有关时，情绪中更重要的特征就消失了)”可知，如果你只关注你现在的感受，后果是情绪的整体情况更容易被忽视。故选C项。
【34题详解】
词句猜测题。由第四段中的“If you can slow down and expand; if you stop running or clinging (沉浸其中) and adopt a sense of curiosity, emotions become more subtle and different. When fear comes up, don’t walk away so that fear dissipates. (如果你能放慢速度并扩张；如果你停止奔跑或沉浸其中，并采取一种好奇心，情绪就会变得更加微妙和不同。当恐惧出现时，不要走开，以便恐惧dissipates)”可知，如果你停止沉浸其中并且培养好奇心，情感就会变得微妙和不同，说明恐惧也会变化，变得不恐惧，可得出画线词所在句讲当恐惧来临时，不要逃避恐惧，那么恐惧就会消失，dissipates意为“消失（Disappears）”。故选C项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。由第二段中的“You can also learn a lot by appreciating their secret life. (通过欣赏情感的秘密生活，你也可以学到很多东西)”和最后一段中的“Just allow the full emotion. You will never enter into their secret life until you stop running or clinging. (只需要充分的情感。你永远不会进入它们的秘密生活，除非你停止奔跑或沉浸其中)”可知，文章主要介绍了情感的秘密有哪些，包括情绪情感的核心，以及如何更好控制它们，成为情绪的盟友，A项“情感的秘密”符合文意。故选A项。
E
Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone(臭氧)levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
36. According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.
A. lead to a longer fire season
B result in a warming climate
C. protect the forests and the environment there
D. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently
37. The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT _______.
A. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increase
B. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere
C. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into space
D. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun
38. Earlier studies about northern forest fires _______.
A. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming
B. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere
C. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate
D. suggest that people should take measures to protect the environment
39. The underlined phrase “soaked up” in the last paragraph most probably means _______.
A. released B. absorbed C. created D. distributed
40. From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may _______.
A. warm the climate as the supposition goes
B. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy
C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice
D. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。与阿拉斯加、加拿大和西伯利亚的森林大火使气候变暖的假设相反，科学家们发现，在被烧毁的树木允许更多的雪将更多的阳光反射到太空的地区，可能会出现降温。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. (这一发现表明，采取措施防止北部森林火灾以限制温室气体的释放可能会使北部地区的气候变暖。)”可知，根据新的发现，采取措施预防北部森林火灾可能导致气候变暖。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling. (然而，第二年春天，由于覆盖地面的树木减少，火灾区域内的土地比火灾前更明亮。地面上的雪将更多的阳光反射回太空，从而导致降温。)”可知，第二年春天地面上的雪才将更多的阳光反射回太空，因此这不是森林火灾后的即时效应（immediate effects）。故选C。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat. (其他科学家的早期研究表明，北部地区的火灾会加速气候变暖，因为燃烧树木和植物产生的温室气体会释放到大气中，从而锁住热量。)”可知，其他科学家早先的研究表明，北方地区的火灾会加速气候变暖。故选A。
【39题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句话“Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling. (地球吸收的阳光往往会导致变暖，而反射回太空的热量往往会导致冷却。)”以及划线短语所在句子 “Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. (具体来说，他们确定，当火灾比预测提前20年再次发生时，地球每平方米燃烧的面积会soaked up0.5瓦的温室气体，但每平方米0.9瓦的热量会被送回太空。)”可知，这里的soaked up表示“吸收”。A. released释放；B. absorbed吸收；C. created创造；D. distributed打扰。故选B。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的内容“Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space. (与阿拉斯加、加拿大和西伯利亚的森林大火使气候变暖的假设相反，科学家们发现，在被烧毁的树木允许更多的雪将更多的阳光反射到太空的地区，可能会出现降温。)”可知，与阿拉斯加、加拿大和西伯利亚的森林大火使气候变暖的假设相反，科学家们发现，在燃烧的树木允许更多的雪反射更多的阳光进入太空的地区，可能会出现降温。故选D。
第二节 (共 5小题;每小题2分，满分 10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Just think positively!”
“It could be worse.”
“You should look at the bright side!”
We’ve all heard (and maybe used) these phrases without much thought. But they could be contributing to a culture of toxic (有毒的) positivity. For those new to this term, it might sound like an oxymoron (矛盾修辞法). How can positivity be toxic? Isn’t it supposed to be helpful, or “positive”, as the name suggests?___41___
“Toxic positivity is when somebody avoids all negative thoughts or feelings, pretending everything is going well when it is not,” explains Melissa Dowd, a therapist at PlushCare, a virtual health platform. Whitney Goodman, another licensed psychotherapist, describes toxic positivity as the “endless pressure to be happy and positive, no matter what the circumstances are.”___42___It’s also something we can cause other people to experience.
Toxic positivity causes us to suppress our emotions, which can make them worse. ___43___“Although it can be helpful to look on the bright side when facing challenges,” Dowd says, “not coping with negative feelings in a healthy way in the moment can lead to those feelings resurfacing later in different areas of your life or as a form of anxiety.” ___44___ “If I feel like you’re going to set me aside, I’m going to stop sharing how I’m feeling,” Goodman adds.
___45___If you’re using toxic positivity against yourself, Goodman suggests remembering it’s OK if you’re upset about something. It’s valid if something annoys you. “Allow ourselves and other people to share when they’re going through a difficult time,” she says. Dowd adds that it’s essential that “we all learn to cope with and process our emotions in a healthy way as opposed to avoiding how we feel” as life’s stressors continue to rise. For example, instead of simply saying “Just think positively,” we’d better say “Sometimes bad things happen. How can I help?”
A. Are there ways to avoid toxic positivity?
B. Toxic positivity also interrupts connection.
C. It can harm people who are going through difficult times.
D. Expressing toxic positivity to others may look like offering them a simple solution.
E. They become more intense and can also cause long-lasting health concerns in the future.
F. Experts say constant forced positivity can lead to the opposite, and have a negative effect.
G. This is what we may bring on to ourselves by not allowing negative thoughts and feelings.
【答案】41. F 42. G 43. E 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，短文介绍了“有毒的积极性”的不良影响和应对措施。
【41题详解】
根据上文“How can positivity be toxic? Isn’t it supposed to be helpful, or “positive”, as the name suggests?(积极怎么会是有毒的呢？它不应该是有益的，或者像它的名字所暗示的那样是“积极的”吗？)”可知，选项承接上文说明专家对此的观点。故F选项“Experts say constant forced positivity can lead to the opposite, and have a negative effect.(专家表示，持续的强迫积极可能会导致相反的结果，并产生负面影响。)”切题。故选F。
【42题详解】
根据上文“Whitney Goodman, another licensed psychotherapist, describes toxic positivity as the “endless pressure to be happy and positive, no matter what the circumstances are.”(另一位有执照的心理治疗师Whitney Goodman 将有毒的积极描述为“无论环境如何，都要保持快乐和积极的无尽压力。”)”可知，选项承接上文进一步总结所带来的后果。故G选项“This is what we may bring on to ourselves by not allowing negative thoughts and feelings.(这就是我们不允许消极的想法和感觉给自己带来的后果。)”切题。故选G。
【43题详解】
根据上文“Toxic positivity causes us to suppress our emotions, which can make them worse.(有毒的积极情绪会使我们压抑情绪，从而使情绪变得更糟。)”可知，选项承接上文说明有毒的积极情绪的不良影响。故E选项“They become more intense and can also cause long-lasting health concerns in the future.(它们变得更加强烈，也可能在未来造成长期的健康问题。)”切题。故选E。
【44题详解】
根据下文““If I feel like you’re going to set me aside, I’m going to stop sharing how I’m feeling,” Goodman adds.(Goodman补充说：“如果我觉得你要把我放在一边，我就不会再分享我的感受了。”)”可知，有毒的积极情绪会破坏人际关系，故B选项“Toxic positivity also interrupts connection.(有毒的积极态度也会中断人际关系。)”切题。故选B。
【45题详解】
根据下文“If you’re using toxic positivity against yourself, Goodman suggests remembering it’s OK if you’re upset about something. It’s valid if something annoys you. “Allow ourselves and other people to share when they’re going through a difficult time,” she says. Dowd adds that it’s essential that “we all learn to cope with and process our emotions in a healthy way as opposed to avoiding how we feel” as life’s stressors continue to rise.(Goodman建议，如果你正在用有害的积极态度来对付自己，记住，如果你对某事感到不安，那也没关系。如果有什么事惹恼了你，这是合理的。她说：“让我们自己和其他人在经历困难的时候分享。”Dowd补充说，随着生活压力的不断增加，“我们都学会以一种健康的方式处理我们的情绪，而不是逃避我们的感受”，这是至关重要的。)”可知，下文是对上文有没有办法避免有毒的积极性的问题的回答。故A选项“Are there ways to avoid toxic positivity?(有没有办法避免有毒的积极情绪？)”切题。故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共 15小题;每小题1分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The day I met Hani Irmawati, she was a shy, 17-year-old girl standing alone in the parking lot of the international school in Indonesia, where I teach English. She asked if I could help her improve her English. I could ___46___ it took immense courage for the young Indonesian girl to ___47___ me and ask for help.
“I want to go to a US university,” she said with confidence. I was surprised.
I agreed to work with her ___48___ a volunteer basis. For several months, Hani woke each morning at five and caught the city bus to her public high school. During the one-hour ___49___, she studied for her regular classes and finished the English ___50___ I had given her. At four o’clock in the afternoon, she arrived at my classroom, ___51___ but ready to work.
When I met Hani’s family at their ___52___ little house, I realized they would never be able to afford the expenses of a US university. Hani’s enthusiasm was ___53___ with her language ability, but I was becoming more and more discouraged.
One day I received the announcement of a(n) ___54___ opportunity for a major US university. After reading the requirements, I knew Hani couldn’t meet the qualifications. I told her that there was only a ___55___ chance of her getting the scholarship and encouraged her to be more “realistic” about her dream. But she remained ___56___.
“Will you send in my name?” she asked.
I couldn’t ___57___ her down. I completed the application, with the painful truth about her academic life, but also with my ___58___ of her courage and perseverance.
Three weeks later, just before Hani went to Jakarta to take the Test of English Fluency, she received a letter from the scholarship association. She had been ___59___.
I leaped around the room, overjoyed and shocked. Hani stood by, smiling. I realized that it was I who had learned something Hani had known from the beginning: It is not intelligence alone that brings success, but also the ___60___ to succeed, the commitment to work hard and the courage to believe in yourself.
46. A. believe B. tell C. spot D. expect
47. A. convince B. excuse C. turn D. approach
48. A. as B. in C. on D. by
49. A. ride B. break C. stay D. class
50. A. accent B. assignment C. guideline D. journal
51. A. excited B. bored C. exhausted D. confused
52. A. humble B. comfortable C. ugly D. untidy
53. A. decreasing B. increasing C. showing D. fading
54. A. promotion B. growth C. scholarship D. investment
55. A. fair B. solid C. slim D. real
56. A. genuine B. subjective C. practical D. determined
57. A. put B. take C. break D. turn
58. A. concern B. praise C. criticism D. analysis
59. A. impressed B. rejected C. confirmed D. accepted
60. A. drive B. wisdom C. pressure D. secret
【答案】46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. C 56. D 57. D 58. B 59. D 60. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍的是一个家境贫困的印尼女孩Hani的自信和努力学习的决心使她成功获得原本机会渺茫的奖学金的故事。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看得出来，这个年轻的印尼女孩向我寻求帮助需要极大的勇气。A. believe相信；B. tell辨别；C. spot发现；D. expect期待。根据上文“ She was a shy, 17-year-old girl standing alone in the parking lot of the international school in Indonesia”可知，作者能够看的出来印尼女孩以极大的勇气向作者寻求帮助。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. convince使信服；B. excuse推脱；C. turn转向；D. approach接近。根据后文“ask for help”可知，印尼女孩接近作者寻求帮助。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我同意以志愿者的身份为基础和她一起工作。A. as作为；B. in在……里面；C. on在……上面；D. by通过。句中“on a volunteer basis”为固定搭配，意为“以志愿工作为基础”即表示作者同意无偿帮助印尼女孩学习英语。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个小时的车程中，她学习了常规课程，完成了我布置给她的英语作业。A. ride车程；B. break休息；C. stay停留；D. class班级。根据前文“caught the city bus to her public high school.”可知，印尼女孩坐公车去她的公立高中，在这一小时的车程中她完成了作者布置的任务。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. accent口音；B. assignment任务；C. guideline方针；D. journal期刊。根据后文“I had given her.”可知，作者布置给女孩的任务。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下午四点，她来到我的教室，筋疲力尽，但准备开始学习。A. excited兴奋的；B. bored无聊的；C. exhausted疲劳的；D. confused困惑的。根据前文“During the one-hour ____4___ , she studied for her regular classes and finished the English ____5____ I had given her.”可知，女孩经过了一小时的车程，又完成了作者布置的任务，当到达作者办公室的时候，她是疲劳的。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在女孩家简陋的小房子里见到她的家人时，我意识到他们永远无法负担美国大学的费用。A. humble简陋的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. ugly丑陋的；D. untidy不整洁的。根据上文“little house”和后文“I realized they would never be able to afford the expenses of a US university.”可知，女孩和家人住在简陋的小房子中。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hani的热情随着她的语言能力而增强，但我却越来越气馁。A. decreasing减少；B. increasing增加；C. showing展示；D. fading褪色。根据后文的“with her language ability”可知，女孩的热情随着她的语言能力而增强。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我收到了美国一所重点大学的奖学金通知。A.promotion晋升，提拔；B. growth成长；C. scholarship奖学金；D. investment投资。根据后文“I told her that there was only a ____10____ chance of her getting the scholarship and encouraged her to be more “realistic” about her dream.”可知，作者收到了美国一所重点大学的奖学金通知。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，她获得奖学金的机会非常渺茫，并鼓励她对自己的梦想要“现实一点”。A. fair公平的；B. solid坚固的；C. slim苗条的，渺小的 ；D. real真的。根据后文的“encouraged her to be more ‘realistic’ about her dream.”可知，作者知道Hani获得奖学金的机会是渺茫的。故选C。
【56题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她仍然很坚定。A. genuine真挚的；B. subjective主观的；C. practical实际的；D. determined坚决的，坚定的。根据“but”可知，此处与前文构成转折关系，即虽然获得奖学金的机会非常渺茫，但是她依旧坚持。故选D。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法拒绝她。A. put放；B. take拿走；C. break打破；D. turn转向。根据后文“I completed the application, with the painful truth about her academic life”可知，作者没有拒绝Hani的请求，把她的名字提交了上去。turn down为固定短语，意为“拒绝”。故选D。
【58题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完成了申请，介绍了她学习生活的困难真相，但也对她的勇气和毅力表示了赞扬。A. concern关心；B. praise赞扬；C. criticism批评；D. analysis分析。根据“her courage and perseverance.”可知，作者在填写表格时，对Hani在学习生活中遇到的困难真相进行了描述同时也对她的勇气和毅力进行了赞扬。故选B。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她被录取了。A. impressed使印象深刻；B. rejected拒绝；C. confirmed证实；D. accepted接受。根据后文“I leaped around the room, overjoyed and shocked.”可知，Hani被录取了。故选D。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：带来成功的不仅仅是智力，还有对成功的渴望、努力工作的承诺和相信自己的勇气。A. drive渴望，动力；B. wisdom智慧；C. pressure压力；D. secret秘密。根据前文“not intelligence alone that brings success,”并结合Hani对成功的渴望可知，此处表示不仅仅是智力，还有对成功的渴望、努力工作的承诺和相信自己的勇气这才能带来成功。故选A。
第二节 (共 20小题;每小题1.5分, 满分 30分)
A
阅读下面短文，在空白处填如1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
ChatGPT is high-tech progress not a revolution
ChatGPT is a powerful chatbot developed by OpenAI and launched in November 2022. ____61____ (build) on top of OpenAI’s GPT-3 family of large language models, it engages in human-like dialogue egged by prompting. It ____62____ (design) to respond in a natural, intuitive way and has numerous potential uses.
From a scientific point of view, there is a need to closely watch the development of such ____63____(technology) before reaching a conclusion about their efficacy and helpful nature. Technology progresses step by step. So we should not panic thinking ChatGPT will take up jobs ____64____ till now need humans to fulfill.
ChatGPT is an example of high-tech progress, not a revolution.
First, ChatGTP ____65____ (make) quite some progress in natural language processing, yet it still has a long way to go to completely understand the human mind and language faculty, because when it comes to professional writing, ChatGPT at times writes plausible-sounding but ____66____ (correct) or nonsensical answers. It might give some good answers to most of the general questions, ____67____ it is no substitute for professional advice, such as medical prognosis and prescriptions, or legal advice.
Second, ChatGPT is still a product ____68____ very limited application. It has the potential to be used for enhancing search engine functionality but, as a pre-trained language model, it will have limited use.
Due to these limitations, investors should not ____69____(blind) invest huge amounts to further develop ChatGPT and should not expect quick returns on investment. Yet as a _____70_____(promise) AI development, ChatGPT is likely to advance in the medium, if not the short term.
【答案】61. Built
62. is designed
63. technologies
64. that##which
65. has made
66. incorrect
67. but##yet
68. with 69. blindly
70. promising
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款功能强大的聊天机器人——ChatGPT。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它建立在OpenAI的GPT-3大型语言模型家族的基础上，在提示的推动下进行类似人类的对话。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语it与build之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填Built。
【62题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：它被设计成以一种自然、直观的方式做出反应，并具有许多潜在的用途。陈述可知事实，用一般现在时。主语It为单数，与design之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is designed。
【63题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：从科学的角度来看，在对这些技术的功效和有益性质得出结论之前，有必要密切关注这些技术的发展。名词technology为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。故填technologies。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：因此，我们不应该恐慌地认为ChatGPT将取代迄今为止需要人类来完成的工作。此处是限定性定语从句，句中先行词为jobs，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
【65题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：首先，ChatGTP在自然语言处理方面已经取得了相当大的进展，但要完全理解人类的思维和语言能力还有很长的路要走，因为当涉及到专业写作时，ChatGTP有时会写出听起来似是而非的错误或荒谬的答案。结合句意可知，用现在完成时。主语ChatGTP为单数，谓语动词用has。故填has made。
【66题详解】
考查形容词。句意：首先，ChatGTP在自然语言处理方面已经取得了相当大的进展，但要完全理解人类的思维和语言能力还有很长的路要走，因为当涉及到专业写作时，ChatGTP有时会写出听起来似是而非的错误或荒谬的答案。根据并列连词or后形容词nonsensical可知，用形容词形式，修饰名词answers。结合句意可知，表示“不正确的”。故填incorrect。
【67题详解】
考查连词。句意：它可能会对大多数一般性问题给出一些很好的答案，但它不能取代专业建议，例如医学预后和处方，或法律建议。前后句之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词but或yet。故填but或yet。
【68题详解】
考查介词。句意：其次，ChatGPT仍然是一个应用非常有限的产品。名词application前用介词。表示“具有，带有”，用介词with。故填with。
【69题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于这些限制，投资者不应盲目投入巨额资金进一步开发ChatGPT，也不应期望快速获得投资回报。此处修饰动词，用副词形式，作状语。故填blindly。
【70题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，作为一项有前途的人工智能发展，ChatGPT很可能在中期（如果不是短期）取得进展。此处修饰名词AI development，应用形容词形式，作定语。故填promising。
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On the Internet, a sea of articles advise us how to make sleep perfect. Also, lots of advice columns tell us we’re sleeping wrong. Even ___71___ (bad), some experts claim that if you’re not sleeping right your life is going to be shorter. What makes us ___72___ (trap) in worries most is that we’re not getting enough, less than seven hours a night. But there are two problems.
The first problem is that seven to eight hours of sleep, while recommended for adults, is just ___73___ average. It’s true that not getting enough sleep in the long term ___74___ (associate) with health problems. But a good night’s sleep can be different for different people. Some adults need eight, ___75___ some are just fine on six.
The second problem is that it can be misleading, especially for people who do have trouble ___76___ (sleep). For instance, nowadays, large numbers of adults are wearing sleep tracking ___77___ (device). It’s cool to see how much sleep you’ve gotten each night and to know what part of your night was spent in deep sleep or dreaming. But having all of that sleep data is causing some people to become worried or concerned, ___78___ is causing more sleep problems.
According to Dr. Colleen Carney, head of the Ryerson University Sleep Lab, the basic questions you should ask yourself are: Do I feel ___79___ (reasonable) well-rested during the day? Do I generally sleep through the night to dawn? Or, if I wake, do I fall back asleep easily? Can I stay awake through the day ____80____ unconsciously falling asleep? If your answers are yes, you probably don’t need to worry about your sleep.
【答案】71. worse
72. trapped
73. an 74. is associated
75. but##while
76 sleeping
77. devices
78. which 79. reasonably
80. without
【解析】
【导语】本篇是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人们在互联网上被一些科学家误解，睡眠时长具有误导性，然而现如今，人们更应该关注睡眠质量。
【71题详解】
考查短语。句意：更糟糕的是，一些专家声称，如果你的睡眠不正确，你的寿命将会缩短。even worse意为“更糟的是”。故填worse。
【72题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最让我们陷入忧虑的是我们睡眠不足，每晚不足7小时。be trapped in陷入，在句中作宾语补足语，所以过去分词形式。故填trapped。
【73题详解】
考查冠词。句意：第一个问题是，虽然建议成年人睡七到八小时，但这只是一个平均水平。名词average为“平均，平均水平”之意，为可数名词，泛指，且发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
【74题详解】
考查时态。句意：的确，长期睡眠不足与健康问题有关。be associated with与……相联系；与……有关。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填is associated。
【75题详解】
考查连词。句意：有些成年人需要8小时，但有些人只需要6小时就可以了。前后句之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词。故填but/while。
【76题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：第二个问题是，它可能会误导人，尤其是对那些确实有睡眠问题的人。have trouble doing sth.做某事有困难。故填sleeping。
【77题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：例如，现在很多成年人都戴着睡眠追踪设备。名词device为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。故填devices。
【78题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但是有了所有这些睡眠数据，一些人开始担心或担心，这导致了更多的睡眠问题。指代前面一件事，用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句。故填which。
【79题详解】
考查副词。句意：我白天是否休息得很好? 形容词well-rested前用副词修饰。故填reasonably。
【80题详解】
考查介词。句意：我可以一整天都保持清醒而没有不知不觉的睡着吗？结合句意可知，动名词falling asleep前用介词without，表示“没有”。故填without。
第四部分 写作(满分25 分)
81. 近期，你和同学参加了学校举办的“生涯规划”主题活动。请为你校英文报写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括：
1. 具体时间地点；
2. 活动内容；
3. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
The Career Planning Activity
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
With the aim of broadening students’ horizons and keeping them more exposed to the present-day society, our school brought in some experts to give a series of lectures concerning career planning at the lecture hall at 5 pm on April 10．
The lectures were mainly about the introductions of some professions. All the speakers, who were well-prepared and of humorous style, gave vivid and informative presentations to us. This helped further clarify the puzzles we had about our future careers. Many students had a very positive feedback, thinking that these lectures unfolded many career possibilities for them. Besides, some students even suggested that field trips to companies should be organized so that they can have a clearer picture of what many different careers really look like.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文，要求考生写一篇短文，介绍学校举办的“生涯规划”主题活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
邀请：bring in→invite
目的：aim→goal
准备好的：be well-prepared→be ready for
此外：besides→what’s more
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：All the speakers, who were well-prepared and of humorous style, gave vivid and informative presentations to us. This helped further clarify the puzzles we had about our future careers.
拓展句：All the speakers, who were well-prepared and of humorous style, gave vivid and informative presentations to us, which helped further clarify the puzzles we had about our future careers.
【点睛】[高分句型1] With the aim of broadening students’ horizons and keeping them more exposed to the present-day society, our school brought in some experts to give a series of lectures concerning career planning at the lecture hall on April 10．(运用了不定式作目的状语，动名词作宾语)
[高分句型2] Besides, some students even suggested that field trips to companies should be organized so that they can have a clearer picture of what many different careers really look like. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，虚拟语气，so that引导状语从句和what引导的宾语从句)