安徽高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份安徽高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共45页。
阅读理解
Solar power is now the cheapest source of electricity in history, according to a 2020 report. But there’s something holding this clean energy powerhouse back: Space. Unlike fossil fuel power stations, solar farms need a lot of room. While traditional solar farms sometimes attract arguments due to the amount of land they use, floating solar farms occupy much less valuable space above bodies of water.
“As demand for land increases, water bodies are increasingly being targeted for renewable energy. Deployment(部署)of solar on water increases electricity production.＂said Giles Exley，PhD researcher and lead author from Lancaster University. The research team set about computer modelling using the MyLake simulation programme and data collected by the UK’s Centre for Ecology and Hydrology from England’s largest lake, Windermere.
Their results show that floating solar arrays(阵列)can cool water temperatures by shading the water from the sun. At scale, this could help to mitigate against harmful effects caused by global warming, which is friendly to the environment. However, some complex conditions can result in the bottom layer of water becoming deoxygenated(脱氧的)and makes water quality worse-if floating solar farms are stationed.
“Floating solar could help to reduce the negative effects of global warming which will influence on these bodies of water,”Exley said,“however, there are also real risks of disadvantageous effects, such as deoxygenation causing undesirable increases in nutrient concentrations and killing fish. We need to do more researches to understand the possibility of both positive and negative impacts.”
The larger the solar equipment, the greater the effect on water temperature increases. Further studies will be needed to decide the suitable size array and design and their effects for individual lakes and artificial lakes.
1．What do we know about floating solar in the first paragraph?
A．The electricity of floating solar is cheaper than the solar power’s.
B．Floating solar farms could save more space efficiently.
C．Floating solar has aroused greatly controversy around the public.
D．Fossil fuel power stations take larger room than the solar farms.
2．What does the underlined phrase “mitigate against” mean in paragraph3?
A．Reduce.
B．Support.
C．Increase.
D．Promote.
3．What can we infer from the research of Giles Exley?
A．There is no negative effects to develop floating solar.
B．The research team collect the information from computer.
C．Floating solar can get rid of the drawbacks of global warming.
D．The water temperatures under the floating solar arrays are lower.
4．What does the research team plan to do next?
A．To do more researches.
B．To install more floating solar.
C．To design different floating solar.
D．To measure the size of the floating solar.

Last September an American started a trip through Southwest China on a standard bike she had bought at a local shop. In three months, Jennifer Holstein cycled 2,500 kilometers through three provinces with just two small bags.
Living in Beijing, her life was already great. But Holstein felt the urge to travel the world and look for adventure. It was mid-August of 2021 that the idea came to her to travel China by bicycle. At that time, Holstein had never cycled for more than 20 kilometers around her local city of Beijing.
Holstein shared an experience from the beginning of her trip when she found herself stuck in a tunnel (隧道) with a flat tire. It was dark and hot, and she was so scared because she had never changed a tire before. Suddenly, a group of cyclists old enough to be her grandparents came and rescued her.
In addition to receiving the kindness of people across China, Holstein also experienced several unique cultural experiences by attending three local weddings. She spoke about one wedding in detail, “I was in the middle of a small village in Sichuan province, and I was taken into a local Tibetan family’s home and they invited me to take part in a wedding. They gave me a dress and even did my makeup. I never thought I would ever have the chance to take part in a Tibetan wedding.”
According to Holstein, “Many people want to travel the world and take huge risks, but never do.
Don’t just live your life hoping your wildest dreams will become a reality someday. Try first and the rest will work itself out.” In addition to biking for her own passion and curiosity, Holstein also linked her ride to raise 22,000 yuan for the United Foundation for China’s Health.
5．Why did Jennifer Holstein decide to travel by bicycle?
A．Her life in Beijing was dull.
B．She was encouraged by an inner desire.
C．Her friends advised her to go.
D．She was an experienced bike traveler.
6．How did the cyclists treat Jennifer Holstein in the tunnel?
A．They called an old man to help her.
B．They thought themselves too old to help her.
C．They ignored her and moved forward.
D．They helped her solve the tire problem.
7．What can we know from Jennifer Holstein’s words in paragraph 4?
A．She was fond of attending Tibetan weddings.
B．She was a bit annoyed at the wedding’s details.
C．She was grateful for such an unexpected opportunity.
D．She was forced to take part in the local wedding.
8．What does the text mainly tell us?
A．Discovering the unknown on a bicycle.
B．Enjoying the pleasure of travel.
C．Having a unique cultural experience in China.
D．Lending a helping hand to the needy.

About ten men in every hundred suffer from color blindness in some way. Women are luckier, only about one in two hundred is affected in this matter. Perhaps, after all, it is safer to be driven by a woman!
There are different forms of color blindness. In some cases a man may not be able to see deep red. He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades of green. Sometimes a person cannot tell the difference between blue and green. In rare cases, an unlucky man may see everything in shades of green-a strange world indeed.
Color blindness in human beings is a strange thing to explain. In a single eye, there are millions of very small things called “cones”. These help us to see in a bright light and to tell difference between colors. There are also millions of “rods”, but these are used for seeing when it is near dark. They show us shapes but no color.
Some insects have favorite colors. Mosquitoes prefer blue to yellow. A red light will not attract insects, but a blue lamp will. In a similar way human beings also have favorite colors. Yet we are lucky.With the aid of the cones in our eyes, we can see many beautiful colors by day, and with the aid of the rods we can see shapes at night. One day we may even learn more about the invisible colors around us.
9．Why do some people say it is safer to be driven by women?
A．Women are more careful.
B．Women are weaker but quicker in thinking.
C．Women are fonder of driving than men.
D．Fewer women are color-blind.
10．According to the passage, with the help of the “cones”, we can
A．tell different shapes
B．tell orange from yellow
C．kill mosquitoes
D．see in a weak light
11．What can we learn about the color-blind?
A．None of them can see deep red.
B．Not all of them have the same problem in recognizing color.
C．None of them can tell the difference between blue and green.
D．All of them see everything in shades of green at night.
12．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Color and its surprising effects.
B．Women luckier than men.
C．Color blindness.
D．Danger caused by color blindness.

In his new book The Journeys of Trees, science writer Zach St. George explores an extremely slow migration(迁 徙), as forests move inch by inch to more hospitable places. As old trees die and new ones grow up, the forest is—ever so slightly—moving, he writes. “Through the fossils(化石) that ancient forests left behind, scientists can track their movement. They move back and forth across continents, like migrating birds or whales.”
This has happened over thousands of years, and climate change tends to be the driving force—pushing and pulling forests around the globe. Of course, today, climate change is speeding up, and trees can’t keep pace. Take Califomnia: It’s getting hotter and drier and scientists estimate that before too long, Joshua Tree National Park may not be able to sustain Joshua trees. Zach St. George describes a similar threat to Sequoia National Park, during California’s long and severe drought a few years back.
Scientists worried that maybe Sequoia National Park would no longer be the place for giant sequoias. St. George thinks at some point we will lose these ancient trees and we will have to think about what we do with the places, and do we plant new ones somewhere else? This is known as “assisted migration”—humans planting trees in other places where they’re more likely to grow well. But this process carries risks—people can accidentally introduce insects and diseases to new places, where they may wipe out entire native populations. So, St. George writes, there’s a debate among conservationists and foresters today: Should humans help the trees escape?
“I think there are going to be instances where people are probably going to step in and help species move to places where they’ll be more suitable in the future,” St. George says. “And I met a lot of people in the process who have felt sorry about what has been lost and what will be lost—and are still continuing to try and do good and work in the moment for small things.”
13．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A．Animals. B．Fossils. C．Scientists. D．Forests.
14．Why is Sequoia National Park mentioned?
A．To confirm the problem of the loss of tree species is serious.
B．To argue humans should be responsible for the loss of trees.
C．To explain climate change results in the migration of forests.
D．To prove forests can slow down the process of climate change.
15．What can be inferred about assisted migration?
A．It can prevent the trees escaping.
B．It can promote biological diversity.
C．It may help to protect the forests.
D．It may affect species in new places.
16．What is St. George’s attitude to assisted migration?
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Ambiguous. D．Intolerant.

We offer a programme of lectures by members of the MCLL community and other lifelong learning organisations, as well as university faculty members who have been invited to share their research with us on a variety of topics. View Instructions on How to Register Online.
Lecture 1: Social Media and Misinformation
Time: Friday, June 9, 10:00 a.m.
Presenter: Richard Harris
Attendance: Online
A retired American IT professional, Richard Harris, will take us deep into a social media’s business model, its differences from traditional media, recent examples of its use for misinformation and possible solutions that respect freedom of expression. A lively round-table discussion not to be missed!
Lecture 2: Global Mental Health
Time: Friday, June 16, 1:00 p.m.
Presenter: Marc Laporta
Attendance: Online
Mental health was known to the public quite late. Many countries are finding ways to reduce its impact, but many factors get in the way. However, progress is visible, and hope is justified. Mare Laporta will discuss different aspects of mental health and exchange ideas about ways to improve the situation.
Lecture 3: The Silk Road
Time: Friday, June 23, 10:00 a.m.
Presenter: George Lapa
Attendance: Online
The Silk Road refers to a network of routes, covering over 6,400 km, used by traders from the Han Dynasty of China who opened trade in 130 BCE until 1453 CE. The exchange of information gave rise to new technologies and innovations that changed the Western world. Topics such as gunpowder, the compass (指南针), paper-making and printing will be presented.
Lecture 4: South to Textile Factories
Time: Friday, June 30, 10:00 a.m.
Presenter: Muriel Herrington
Attendance: In person
Between 1840 and 1930 a million French-Canadians left Canada to work in the United States. Many were employed in textile (纺织品) factories in the New England states. In these areas they set up communities where they maintained the French language and culture. In this lecture Muriel Herrington will describe their working and living conditions and show their impact.
17．What will the audience attending Lecture 1 do?
A．Build a social media’s business model.
B．Exchange ideas with each other.
C．Enjoy more respect and freedom.
D．Contact the presenter in advance.
18．Who will talk about the great inventions of ancient China?
A．Marc Laporta. B．Richard Harris. C．George Lapa. D．Muriel Herrington.
19．In which lecture will the audience have face time with the presenter?
A．The Silk Road.
B．South to Textile Factories.
C．Global Mental Health.
D．Social Media and Misinformation.

Born in 1940 in Nyeri, Kenya, Wangari Maathai spent her childhood in the Kenyan countryside and her young adult life in the United States. She studied biology at Mount St. Scholastica College in Kansas, then obtained a master’s degree from the University of Pittsburgh. After returning to Kenya and pursuing her PhD at the University of Nairobi, Wangari became the first woman in East Africa to receive a doctor’s degree.
In the 1970s Wangari was an active member of the National Council of Women of Kenya. Women came to the council in part to search for solutions to the environmental problems—deforestation and desertification had caused many of the resources women relied on for food and clean water to decrease.
Fuelled by her knowledge of biology and her passion for helping others, Wangari decided to take action. Wangari had two goals in mind: to help restore environmental resources and give women the ability to support their families in a self-sufficient, sustainable way. To achieve her goals, she came up with a practical but impactful idea: to plant trees. The trees would reduce the effects of deforestation, in addition to providing food and firewood for local families. Wangari’s plan inspired the formation of the Green Belt Movement in 1977, an organisation dedicated to environmental conservation and poverty reduction in Kenya.
As the Green Belt Movement grew, Wangari began to focus on several different but interconnected causes: environmental conservation and human rights. In the late 1980s, she called on her community to oppose the construction of a skyscraper (摩天大楼) in Uhuru Park, Nairobi’s central public space. In 1999 she led a protest against the privatisation of Karura Forest in Nairobi, during which Green Belt Movement members were beaten by private guards. Despite facing ongoing opposition and even danger, Wangari’s belief in her work was never shaken.
Wangari served on the boards of countless environmental organisations, and spoke to members of the United Nations. Due to her tireless work Wangari received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004.
20．What do we know about Wangari Maathai?
A．She had a hard childhood in Kenya.
B．She acquired an excellent education.
C．She was the first woman to get a degree.
D．She came back to Kenya due to her colour.
21．What contributed to the foundation of the Green Belt Movement?
A．Wangar’s family’s support.
B．Wangari’s achievements in biology.
C．Wangari’s tree-planting idea.
D．Wangari’s desire to fight world poverty.
22．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．Wangari’s efforts to expand her influence.
B．Wangari’s ways to fight for human rights.
C．Wangar’s strategies to establish a reputation.
D．Wangari’s plans to handle growing opposition.
23．Which of the following best describes Wangari Maathai?
A．Honest and hard-working. B．Patient and unselfish.
C．Considerate and generous. D．Determined and inspiring.

On November 7, Lewis Pugh completed a one-kilometer swim in the freezing waters of King Edward Cove, off South Georgia in Antarctica. He was wearing only his swimming glasses, cap and Speedos (速度计).
Pugh is an advocate (提倡者) for our oceans and seas, working to protect these ecosystems (生态系统) with their large diversity of sea life. When asked why he doesn’t wear a wetsuit, Lewis says, “I ask world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans. Sometimes the steps they need to take are difficult and unpopular. If I’m asking them to be courageous, I must also be. Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message.”
It took Pugh about 19 minutes to complete the one-kilometer swim in Antarctica where the water averaged about 1.6 degrees Celsius. He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters before it starts shutting down. As he swims, his body temperature steadily drops, which in turn causes his muscle control to drop, slowing him down. When he is done with his swim, his support team rushes him to a hot shower and it takes almost an hour for his body temperature to return to normal.
Doctors and Pugh warn that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters. Even expert swimmers who are unused to freezing water can drown within minutes because of the physical shock experienced by the body. Pugh says he trained for six months before this swim.
This is not the first time that Lewis has swum in dangerous conditions. In 2007, he swam one kilometer in the North Pole to draw attention to the melting Arctic ice due to the climate change. In 2015, he swam in the Bay of Whales in Antarctica’s Ross Sea as part of his successful campaign to help set up a sea life reserve (保护中心) there.
24．Why did Lewis Pugh swim without a wetsuit?
A．To swim faster. B．To show his bravery.
C．To win public attention. D．To protect the ecosystems.
25．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．His body. B．His muscle.
C．His body temperature. D．The water temperature.
26．According to the passage, if one is going to swim in freezing waters, he    .
A．should be expert at swimming B．should be ready to take on challenges
C．must be trained professionally D．must be used to long-distance swimming
27．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Tips for protecting oceans and seas B．Lewis Pugh: achieving the impossible
C．Tips for extreme swimming D．Lewis Pugh: swimming for a cause

A few months ago I took a trip to Osaka. Unfortunately, I didn’t go there on holiday. I went there on a business trip. By the time I got to the station, I was very tired and hungry. At the station there was a shop selling lunch boxes. They had cheap lunch boxes and expensive lunch boxes. I bought a cheap lunch box. After that, I made my way to my platform and found my train.  
I got on the train and found my seat. Now I was feeling really hungry and tired. I wondered whether I should eat my lunch box or take a nap. I decided I would enjoy my lunch box more after a nap. I put the lunch box in the hat rack above my head.
As I was sitting down, a young businessman approached me. Like me, he looked tired, and he also had a lunch box. He asked if the seat next to me was free and I said it was. In a few minutes, I was fast asleep. When I was awoke, the businessman was no longer there. I looked on the seat next me and I saw a lunch box. I was so hungry that I opened it up and started to eat. I was very surprised to see how nice it tasted. After a minute or two of eating, the businessman returned. He had an astonished look on his face. He asked me why I was eating his lunch box. Then it hit me that I had put my lunch box above my head.
This really wasn't my lunch box. I apologized many times and offered him my lunch box. Also, I bought him a drink to say sorry. We then spent the next few hours chatting away and we got along really well. We even exchanged numbers and now we occasionally meet up for drinks. We have become quite good friends.
28．What can be inferred about the writer from the first paragraph?
A．He is not fond of Osaka at all.
B．He is fond of going on a business trip.
C．He is a person who saves money for his life.
D．In fact, he is a very wealthy person.
29．What does the writer probably agree with?
A．Sunshine is always in the rain.
B．Eating a meal should be enjoyed.
C．Eating should be placed second to sleep.
D．Only tasted the bitter, can harvest the joy of success.
30．Why did the writer eat the young man’s lunch box?
A．Because he was too hungry.
B．Because he wanted to gain advantages.
C．Because he mistook it for his own lunch box.
D．Because it tasted better than his own lunch box.
31．How does the writer feel about his trip to Osaka?
A．Fun and worthwhile. B．Ridiculous and regretful.
C．Funny and guilty. D．Interesting and costly.

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are using imaging information from paintings and photos to create new images in the same style. DALL-E, Midjourney and Stable Diffusion are among the AI tools that can create images that copy the styles of real artists.
A user can ask the system to produce an image, such as “a cat in the style of Van Gogh”, and the AI tool will quickly do so.
That makes living artists worry that their works will be copied without their permission (允许). Two new lawful actions, or lawsuits (诉讼), have been brought against the AI companies creating the images. Getty Images has brought one of the lawsuits. The American company is based in Seattle, Washington. It owns the rights to millions of pictures and other images. Three working artists also made lawsuits this year against Stability AI, and the companies Midjourney and DeviantArt. The artists say the companies’ AI images unfairly “ compete in the marketplace with the original images”.
The lawsuits come at a time when there is growing concern about new AI tools. These include systems that create readable text, music, and images. Some experts worry that AI technology could get too good, including engineer Wael Abd-Almageed.
“Once we lose this ability of telling what’s real and what’s fake (伪造的), everything will suddenly become fake because you lose confidence in anything and everything, “ he said.
However, some artists welcome the AI systems as new tools to create works. There are a lot of reasons for fear, but “what else can we do with them?” asked artist Refik Anadol, who uses AI to create. In New York City, Anadol’s work “ Unsupervised”is on show at the city’s world-famous Museum of Modern Art.
But Anadol hopes future uses of AI will allow artists to choose whether their art can be included in new creations. “ I totally agree that certain artists or creators are very uncomfortable about their works being used, ” he said.
32．Why are some living artists worried about AI technology?
A．It creates too many famous works.
B．It brings too many lawsuits against them.
C．It may copy their works without their permission.
D．It makes artists lose control of beauty.
33．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 7 refer to?
A．Works. B．Artists.
C．AI systems. D．Reasons.
34．What does Anadol expect people to do when copying with AI?
A．Admit they create arts with AI. B．Avoid making money from copies.
C．Add changes to the original works. D．Get permission from original artists.
35．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Future Works of Art Will Be Worthless B．Artists Worry over AI-Created Artworks
C．AI Technology Promotes Artistic Creation D．Not All Technology Is Rewarding

LeBron James is the new all-time scoring leader of the National Basketball Association (NBA).
He set the record with a jump shot (得分) in the third quarter of the Los Angeles Lakers game Tuesday night against Oklahoma City. James pushed his career total to 38,388 points and passed the scoring record that Kareem Abdul-Jabbar had held for nearly 39 years.
After he made the shot for his 36th point of the night, James threw both hands in the air, and then smiled. Abdul-Jabbar sat up from his seal and clapped. The game stopped as members of James’ family, including his mother, his wife and their three children, went to the court for a ceremony honoring the moment.
“I’m there now because I never, ever thought about it,” James said, when asked what the scoring record meant to him.“The only thing I ever thought about was winning championships. But scoring championships and records, I’m telling you, was never on my mind.”
Abdul-Jabbar was a longtime player for the Lakers. He became the NBA’s all-time leading scorer on April 5, 1984 and retired (退休) in 1989 with 38,387 points. It was a record that some thought would last forever, with very few coming close. Great basketball players, including Karl Malone, Kobe Bryant, and Michael Jordan retired when they were still thousands of points away.
James, who is 38 years old, passed all of them and set the record in his 20th season. Abdul-Jabbar also played 20 NBA seasons.
During the on-court ceremony, Abdul-Jabbar handed a ball to James, showing a passing of the torch(火炬). James wiped away tears from his eyes and thanked the crowd. He also thanked his family and those who supported him, including NBA Commissioner Adam Silver and the late NBA Commissioner David Stern.
“I thank you guys so much for allowing me to be a part of something I’ve always dreamed about,” James said.
36．What did James’ jump shot mean?
A．A new record was born. B．His team won the game.
C．He made the longest shot. D．It was the key shot of the game.
37．W hy did the basketball match stop in the middle?
A．To give James time to recover. B．To have a celebration.
C．To drive out basketball fans. D．To change team members.
38．What do James and Abdul-Jabbar have in common?
A．They competed at the same time.
B．They created records by accident.
C．They set the record at the same age.
D．They played the same number of seasons for the record.
39．Why did Abdul-Jabbar hand a ball to James?
A．He admitted his failure. B．He announced his retirement.
C．He passed his title on to James. D．He expected to get it redesigned.

Two online courses
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Led by environmental science experts, this CPD-accepted online course in green living is a guide to climate change and leading a more sustainable(可持续的) life. On this course you will find out the most effective changes you can make to become a greener citizen and examine the possible role that new technologies will play in fighting climate change.
The course will also explore some of the changes governments and big businesses are making to create a more sustainable world economy.
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The human brain is the most complex object in the known world. But how does it make thoughts and memories? How can you keep your brain functioning at its best for longer?New Scientist Academy ‘s online course will introduce you to the latest studies on the function of individual brain and how it works to make thoughts, memories and opinions.
Guided by world-famous experts at the cutting edge of brain research ,you will discover how we learn and find out methods to keep your brain healthy and make the most of it.
Sign up today and begin your journey to a fuller understanding of your brain and how to make the most of it.
The Benefits of Courses
After completing these courses, you will receive a digital certificate(证书). This can be used as an advantage to show during job applications.
40．What might you do after the course Greener Living?
A．Live a more comfortable life. B．Start your own business.
C．Care more about climate change. D．Become an environmental science expert.
41．What will you discover in the course Human Brain?
A．When the brain functions best. B．What tools are used to do the research.
C．How to sort out thoughts. D．How to make full use of the brain.
42．What do the two courses have in common?
A．They benefit your job search. B．They are intended for students.
C．They both have strict age limits. D．They cost the same amount of money.

Up to 1 million species are at risk of extinction — many within decades — because of human activities. Climate change, development, pollution, overfishing and hunting are all driving the crisis. However, roads are now considered to beat the top of those factors according to a new report.
It’s estimated that as many as 1 million animals are killed on U. S. roads every day. And it’s not all squirrels and deer. A report by the Department of Transportation identified 21 federally endangered species that are being directly threatened by our roads. “There’s not much lend that’s not affected in some way by roads and traffic,” said Marcel Huijser, a road ecologist at Montana State University. For many species and people, the impact is quite really direct. But roads can also kill in more subtle ways, destroying habitat on either side of their path and blocking movement.
Along Highway 101, in Southern California, the latter is driving extinction.
Last year, mountain lion researchers started noticing something troubling in the-big cats. Mountain lions were seen on game cameras and m person with kinked (扭结的) tails. Audra Huffmeyer, a researcher at the University of California, kos Angeles, went a step further, completing the body analyses for five dead male lions. “All five individuals we sampled showed signs of reduced fertility (生育力),” she said.
The findings were the first documented reproductive signs of inbreeding in the area s long-isolated lions. These mountain lions, restricted in the 40-mile long mountain range, were producing their later generations with close relatives.
It wasn’t a surprise. Researchers had watched mountain lions approach Highway 101, intending to cross from the Santa Monica Mountains to more habitat in the Santa Susana Stountains to the north, only to stop and turnaround, scared off by the noise of the road.
“It definitely increases the urgency of doing something about it,” Huffmeyer said.
The wildlife crossing at Liberty Canyon should help. It’s being designed to give mountain lions and other species a precious escape route, connecting isolated populations in the Santa Monica Mountains with the larger world.
43．What do we know about species extinction from paragraph 1?
A．Every species will eventually go extinct.
B．Most people don’t realize the impact of species extinction.
C．One million species have been extinct due to human activities.
D．Both natural and human factors dive a number of species to extinction.
44．What does Marcel Huijser mean in paragraph 2?
A．We should not construct so many roads.
B．Roads area main reason for species extinction.
C．The impact of roads on the habitats of animals is significant.
D．Compared with other factors, the impact of roads on animals is little.
45．Why does the author mention mountain lions with kinked tails?
A．To introduce a new species.
B．To stress the shortage of food.
C．To show the limited movement of animals by roads.
D．To draw attention to the gender imbalance in animals.
46．What can we learn from the wildlife crossing at Liberty Canyon to protect animals?
A．It provides wildlife with access across the areas. B．It improves the efficiency of wildlife rescue.
C．It keeps people from killing wild animals. D．It allows people to clos g contact with wildlife.

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Offering excellent views of the Indian Ocean from the shores of Mauritius, the Jalsa Beach Hotel and Spa is an ideal location to spend a holiday in the southern hemisphere(半球) . Situated on Mauritius’ northeast coast, the Jalsa Beach Hotel and Spa is the perfect place to both watch a romantic sunset in the evening and greet the morning sun from the beachfront.
Sri Lanka-Ramada Resort: A week on All-Inclusive with a 2nd week FREE on All-Inclusive from only: £ 699.
The Ramada Resort Kalutara is a modern hotel with a wonderful sea view. About 23 miles south of Colombo, it is hidden in thick palm trees(棕榈树) overlooking along sandy beach. The facilities include a large swimming pool surrounded by lawns that rundown lo the beachfront.
Cyprus-Akteon: A week from £399, all included.
Situated directly on the seafront of Chloraka village, just a few minutes’ drive from the attractions of Paphos, the Akteon Holiday Village offers comfortable and varied accommodation.
47．In So red a Aparthotel, you can enjoy all the following EXCEPT .
A．beautiful sun rays B．views of the Mediterranean
C．palm trees D．local pleasures
48．Which hotel may a person loving swimming on holiday choose to stay?
A．Soreda Aparthotel B．Akteon
C．Jalsa Beach Hotel and Spa D．Ramada Resort
49．What do all the four places mentioned above have in common?
A．They are located nearby the sea.
B．They have a nice sandy beach.
C．They are top places of interest.
D．They have a four-star hotel available.

A research team led by the University of Göttingen has shed new light on the importance of plant roots for belowground life, particularly in the tropics (热带).
Millions of small creatures working hard in a single hectare of soil including earthworms, springtails, mites, insects, and other arthropods (节肢动物) are crucial for decomposition and soil health. For a long time, it was believed that leaf litter is the primary resource for these animals. However, this recent study is the first to provide proof that resources from plant roots drive soil animal communities in the tropics.
The researchers divided plots (地块) within natural ecosystems and separated the plots from accessing plant roots with a plastic barrier. Their study included rainforest, as well as both rubber and oil palm plantations in Sumatra, Indonesia. They removed all dead leaves, the main resource of decomposer animals, from other experimental plots to compare them.
They found that without living roots, animal abundance in the rainforest plots decreases by 42 percent and in plantations by 30 percent. By contrast, removing the dead leaves has almost no effect on the animals in the underlying soil, but decreased the total animal abundance (in the soil and dead leaves) by 60 percent in rainforest and rubber plantations due to physical litter removal.
The study also revealed that living roots are especially important for the smaller soil animals, such as mites and springtails. Interestingly, after adding artificial plastic leaves in oil palm plantations, abundance of some animal groups-such as prostigmata-increased, highlighting that improving habitat structure can promote soil food networks and the services they provide.
“The study provides new perspectives for the management of the resources provided by plant litter in tropical plantations, contributing to soil animal biodiversity. This is important to develop sustainable agricultural landscapes in the tropics,” says Professor Stefan Scheu, head of the Animal Ecology Working Group at the University of Göttingen.
50．What role do arthropods play in the tropics?
A．Making soil healthy. B．Slowing global warming.
C．Feeding other animals. D．Providing nutrition for plants.
51．Why were dead leaves removed from some plots?
A．To make room for crops. B．To keep the plots clean.
C．To improve the soil condition. D．To make comparisons.
52．Which of the following may affect the animal abundance of a plot?
A．Variety of plants. B．Roots of plants. C．Height of plants. D．Quantities of plants.
53．According to Stefan, what matters to sustainable agricultural landscapes?
A．Biodiversity of soil animals. B．Habitat structure of living things.
C．Resources provided by animal waste. D．New perspectives of management

Scientists have invented ways to ”read“ words directly from brains. Brain implants(植入物)can translate internal speech into external signals, permitting communication from people with diseases that steal their ability to talk or type. New results from studies provide additional evidence of the extraordinary potential that brain implants have for restoring lost communication.
Some people who need help communicating can currently use devices that require small movements, such as eye gaze changes. Those tasks aren’t possible for everyone. So the new studies targeted internal speech, which requires a person to do nothing more than think. ”Our device predicts internal speech directly, allowing the patient to just focus on saying a word inside their head and transform it into text,“ says neuroscientist Sarah Wandelt. ”Internal speech could be simpler than requiring the patient to spell out words or mouth them.“
Neural(神经系统的)signals associated with words are detected by electrodes(电极)implanted in the brain. The signals can then be translated into text, which can be made audible(听得见的)by computer programs that generate speech. Electrodes picked up nerve cell signals in the posterior parietal cortex, a brain area involved in speech and hand movements. A brain implant there might eventually be used to control devices that can perform tasks usually done by a hand too, Wandelt says.
The system allowed Pancho, who hadn’t been able to speak for more than 15 years after a car accident, to produce around seven words per minute. That’s faster than the roughly five words per minute his current communication device can make, but much slower than normal speech, typically about 150 words a minute.
To be useful, the current techniques will need to get faster and more accurate. “ These are still early days for the technologies, ” Wandelt says. “Progress will be possible only with the help of people who volunteer for the studies. The field will continue to benefit from the incredible people who participate in clinical trials.”
54．What function is expected of the brain implants?
A．To control body movements. B．To detect certain brain diseases.
C．To assist communication. D．To translate foreign languages.
55．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the system?
A．Its working principle. B．Its technical limitation.
C．Its clinical significance. D．Its potential application.
56．What can we infer about the system from the last paragraph?
A．It has got as fast as normal speech.
B．It has not been put in clinical trials.
C．It is more accurate than current techniques.
D．It is not of much practical use at present.
57．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To describe a trial. B．To introduce a device.
C．To advertise a product. D．To explain a concept.

Even if you only have one day to spare, these stretches of sand guarantee a relaxing getaway. Start planning your next day by the shore with this list of the best East Coast attractions.
Block Island, Rhode Island
Down the rocky, scenic Mohegan Bluffs, Block Island is known for its 17 miles of beaches. Baby Beach features shallow, gentle surf for kids to play in, and Fred Benson Town Beach offers a bathhouse, rental chairs, and umbrellas. Visitors can take a boat to Block Island from Point Judith and Newport.
Hampton Beach, New Hampshire
Drive along New Hampshire’s 18-mile coast until you reach Hampton Beach, a broad stretch of sand overlooking the Atlantic Ocean that’s considered one of the cleanest beaches in the country. The attractions include a market with shops, eateries and games; a marine (海洋的) life discovery center; and a historical society.
Ocean City, Maryland
Choose Ocean City for your next beach vacation if you want a lot of options: You’ll find 10 miles of beaches, a 3-mile boardwalk, a load of restaurants, and tons of shops. There are many pet-friendly hotels, though dogs are only welcome on the beach in the colder months between October 1 and April 30. Horseback riding on part of the beach is allowed in the offseason as well (November to March).
Canaveral National Seashore, Florida
Canaveral National Seashore attracts space fans and nature lovers alike thanks to its closeness to the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex and its 24 miles of beach habitat. Kids can enjoy a free Junior Ranger activity book while visiting this island.
58．Which activity can people do on Hampton Beach?
A．Go horseback riding. B．Enjoy a boat travel.
C．Learn more about space. D．Visit a local market.
59．What do we know about Ocean City?
A．It has pet-friendly hotels. B．It is the cleanest beach.
C．It has a marine life center. D．It is located in Florida.
60．Which of the following has the longest beach?
A．Block Island. B．Hampton Beach.
C．Ocean City. D．Canaveral National Seashore.

In Tennessee, you will find a “secret society” that consists of 9 women who call themselves “The 9 Nanas.” Its mission is simple — to spread happiness by performing random acts of kindness for those in need. The Nanas have been together since childhood. Several of them were raised by MaMaw and PaPaw, a couple that were always doing good for the community.
One day when the 9 Nanas got together, they started recollecting the old days with MaMaw and PaPaw. They fondly recalled how MaMaw Ruth used to bake and send pound cakes to families who had recently lost someone. The “sisters” wanted to do good for their community too. So, the “secret society” of “The 9 Nanas” was born.
The ladies kept their ears open as they ran their daily work. Whenever they heard of someone in need, they’d step in to help. A package would be sent, which would always include one of MaMaw Ruth’s pound cakes and a note that said “Somebody loves you.”
Believe it or not, the group operated in secret for 30 years! But by then, the husbands had started to get suspicious. So the 9 Nanas gathered the husbands and spilled the beans. Their husbands wanted in on the fun. That’s when the operation was taken to the next level!
Now, over 5 years since the husbands uncovered their wives’ secret, the 9 Nanas are still going strong. They said, “Not everyone is as lucky as we were to have MaMaw and PaPaw to take care of them. So this is our way of giving back. We want to make sure that happiness happens.”
61．What is the task of the “secret society”?
A．To uncover secrets. B．To search for lost family members.
C．To spread happiness. D．To attend kids for working parents.
62．What inspired the 9 Nanas to start the “secret society”?
A．A thank-you note. B．Their similar interests.
C．A special package. D．Their common memories.
63．Which of the following best explains ”spilled the beans“ underlined in paragraph 4?
A．Told the truth. B．Shared snacks.
C．Asked for help. D．Made promises.
64．Which of the following best describes the 9 Nanas?
A．Practical and polite. B．Humble and humorous.
C．Caring and devoted. D．Outgoing and disciplined.

A report issued on the eve of the first major U.N. conference on water in more than 45 years says 26% of the world’s population doesn’t have access to safe drinking water and 46% lacks access to basic sanitation (卫生). The U. N. World Water Development Report 2023, released Tuesday, painted an unpleasant picture of the huge gap that needs to be filled to meet U.N. goals to ensure all the 8 billion people have access to clean water and sanitation by 2030.
According to the report, water use has been increasing globally by roughly 1% per year over the last 40 years and is expected to grow at a similar rate through to 2050, mainly driven by population growth in urban areas.
With agriculture using 70% of all water globally, Richard Connor, editor in chief of the report, said, irrigation (灌溉) for crops has to be more efficient. As a direct result of climate change, an increase in intensity or frequency of droughts and “heat extremes” can be expected in most regions. On average, “10% of the global population lives in countries with high or critical water stress” — and up to 3.5 billion people live under conditions of water stress at least one month a year, said the report.
As for water pollution, Connor said, the biggest source of pollution is untreated wastewater. “Globally, 80% of wastewater is released to the environment without any treatment,” he said, “and in many developing countries it’s pretty much 99%.”
These issues will be discussed during the three-day U. N. Water Conference opening Wednesday. There are 171 countries, including over 100 ministers, on the speakers list along with more than 20 organizations. The meeting will also include five “interactive dialogues” and dozens of side events.
65．How many people lack safe drinking water according to the report?
A．About 0.8 billion. B．About 2 billion.
C．About 3. 6 billion. D．About 6 billion.
66．What does the report say about water use?
A．It has been increasing steadily every year.
B．It contributes to environmental pollution.
C．It is highly efficient in agricultural irrigation.
D．It is stressful for 3.5 billion people throughout the year.
67．What does the report mainly focus on according to the text?
A．Comparing opinions. B．Analyzing causes.
C．Introducing policies. D．Offering solutions.
68．What can we learn about water shortage from the last paragraph?
A．It has caused regional conflicts. B．It will be eased in most countries.
C．It has attracted worldwide attention. D．It can be managed by treating wastewater.

What do you do with old stuff? That dress you bought for a party three years ago, for example. You wore it once and put it away somewhere. So, what to do?
In the UK, we might take it to a charity shop. The first charity shops appeared in Britain in the 19th century. The Salvation Army was one of the first to run a second-hand clothing shop to provide the needy with affordable clothes. This was followed by charities such as the British Red Cross, who also relieved hardship and raised money for the war effort during World War Two. In 1947, Oxfam opened a charity shop in High street, Oxford, which is the modern form we know today. These days, charity shops are a common sight with around 11,200 shops across the UK, according to the Charity Retail Association. During business hours the public can donate their unwanted items to a charity shop—clothes, books, electronics, furniture. These items are checked for wear and tear and if found still serviceable, priced up to be sol data heavily discounted price.
For many, this is a win-win situation. To the charity, it means a valuable source of income. To the con-sumer, it provides the opportunity to buy, often extremely cheaply, items and clothes. To the donator, it may help to relieve consumer guilt. “You can make a pretty good case to yourself that you are doing good, because what you are doing is going towards a charitable cause and you are saving stuff from landfill(垃圾堆),” Clare Press, fashion journalist and sustainable style advocate, tells the Guardian.
There are sometimes hidden treasures for the buyers, too. Take a screen print for example. It was bought for 99p and later found to be by English artist Ben Nicholson. It was sold for £4,200. So next time you need to rid yourself of something, spare a thought for the charity shop—after all, charity begins at home!
69．What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
A．The management of the charity shops in the UK.
B．The popularly of the charity shops in the UK.
C．The development of the charity shops in the UK.
D．The origin of the chart y shops in the UK.
70．What can we learn from paragraph 3?
A．Donators usually feel guilty to donate their unwanted stuff.
B．Different parties can benefit from the charity shops.
C．Charity raises money mainly from the consumers.
D．Clare Press donates stuff picked up from landfills.
71．What is the purpose of the example “a screen print” given in the last paragraph?
A．To show that buyers may get something valuable unexpectedly.
B．To introduce Ben Nicholson to us.
C．To call on people to donate old stuff to charity shops.
D．To imply that the screen print is more valuable than we suppose.
72．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．A comment on the benefits of charity shops.
B．An analysis of the popularity of the UK charities.
C．A list of the names of the first UK charity shops.
D．An introduction to UK charity shops.

A Finnish study coordinated by the Centre for Population Health Research at the University of Turku shows that accumulated adverse (不利的) psychosocial factors in childhood are associated with worse midlife learning and memory, and specifically child’s self-regulation and social adjustment.
Along with aging population, the problem of cognitive deficits (缺陷) is growing. Thus, revealing the role of various exposures beginning from childhood is important in order to bring tools for cognitive health promotion. An adverse psychosocial environment in childhood may harm cognitive development, but the associations for adulthood cognitive function remain obscure. Results from a longitudinal (纵向的) Finnish study show that unfavorable childhood psychosocial factors may be linked to poorer learning and memory in midlife.
“Previous evidence on adverse psychosocial factors and cognitive outcomes comes from short-term studies focusing on single psychosocial factor or adversity. This study is a prospective longitudinal study focusing on the associations between multiple childhood psychosocial factors and adulthood cognitive function,” says Doctoral Researcher Amanda Nurmi from the Centre for Population Health Research at the University of Turku and Turku University Hospital.
Cognitive performance was measured at the age of 34-49. Of over 2,000 participants with cognitive function data, 1,191 also had complete data on childhood psychosocial factors. Socioeconomic and emotional environment, parental health behaviours, stressful events, self-regulation, and social adjustment were questioned in the baseline. The results suggest that accumulation of unfavorable psychosocial factors in childhood may associate with poorer cognitive function in midlife. Specifically, poor self-regulatory behavior and social adjustment in childhood are associated with poorer learning ability and memory approximately 30 years later.
“The results of our study can be employed to develop targeted interventions directed towards those families with accumulated negative psychosocial factors. Interventions towards promoting a better psychosocial environment in childhood might have carry-over associations on cognitive function and thus be reflected also in future generations through parenting attitudes,” Nurmi says.
73．What is the purpose of revealing the role of various exposures from childhood?
A．To provide data for scientific research. B．To record children’s growth environment.
C．To find means to improve cognitive health. D．To stress the importance of surroundings.
74．Which can best replace the underlined word “obscure” in paragraph 2?
A．Obvious. B．Secure. C．Efficient. D．Unclear.
75．What does Amanda Nurmi mainly talk about in paragraph 3?
A．The disadvantages of the previous studies.
B．The number of participants in the new study.
C．The findings of the new study and the old ones.
D．The difference between the new study and the old ones.
76．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Poor family, hard social adjustment.
B．Tough childhood, memory problem later.
C．With people aging, cognitive deficits growing.
D．Adverse surroundings, strong character forming.

















参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了漂浮式太阳能发电厂可以有效节省更多空间，介绍了这种漂浮式太阳能发电的优势和未来的发展方向。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“While conventional solar farms sometimes attract argument due to the amount of land they use, floating solar farms occupy much less valuable space above bodies of water.(虽然传统的太阳能农场有时会因其使用的土地数量而引起争议，但浮动太阳能农场占用的水体上方的宝贵空间要少得多)”可知，漂浮式太阳能发电厂可以有效节省更多空间。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Their results show that floating solar arrays(阵列)can cool water temperatures by shading the water from the sun.(他们的研究结果表明，漂浮的太阳能电池板可以通过遮挡阳光来降低水温)”以及划线词上文“this could help to(这可能有助于……)”和下文“harmful effects caused by global warming, which is friendly to the environment(……由全球变暖造成的有害影响，这对环境是友好的)”可推断，漂浮的太阳能可以帮助减轻全球变暖对这些水体的负面影响。故划线词意思是“减少”。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Their results show that floating solar(阵列)arrays can cool water temperatures by shading the water from the sun.(他们的研究结果表明，漂浮的太阳能电池板可以通过遮挡阳光来降低水温)”可推知，浮动太阳能电池阵列下的水温较低。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“We need to do more researches to understand the possibility of both positive and negative impacts.(我们需要做更多的研究来理解积极和消极影响的可能性)”以及最后一段中“Further studies will be needed to determine the suitable size array and design and their effects for individual lakes and artificial lakes.(需要进一步研究以确定适当的大小、排列和设计及其对个别湖泊和人工湖的影响)”可推知，研究小组下一步要做更多的研究。故选A。
5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一名美国女性孤身一人在中国西南地区骑行2500公里时得到的帮助和体验沿途的文化。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Living in Beijing, her life was already great. But Holstein felt the urge to travel the world and look for adventure. It was mid-August of 2021 that the idea came to her to travel China by bicycle. (住在北京，她的生活已经很好了。但Jennifer Holstein感到了周游世界寻找冒险的冲动。2021年8月中旬，她萌生了骑自行车去中国旅行的想法。)”可知，本在北京生活舒适的Jennifer Holstein在2021年8月中旬突然产生了独自骑行中国探索未知挑战自我的想法，所以她是被内心的欲望所驱使。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Holstein shared an experience from the beginning of her trip when she found herself stuck in a tunnel (隧道) with a flat tire. It was dark and hot, and she was so scared because she had never changed a tire before. Suddenly, a group of cyclists old enough to be her grandparents came and rescued her. (Holstein分享了她旅行开始时的一段经历，那时她发现轮胎爆了，自己被困在一个隧道里。天又黑又热，她很害怕，因为她从来没有换过轮胎。突然，一群年纪足够大的自行车手来救了她。)”可知，在Jennifer Holstein自行车突然爆胎困在隧道里之后，一群大爷骑行队刚好路过，帮她解决了换胎问题。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Holstein also experienced several unique cultural experiences by attending three local weddings. She spoke about one wedding in detail, “I was in the middle of a small village in Sichuan province, and I was taken into a local Tibetan family’s home and they invited me to take part in a wedding. They gave me a dress and even did my makeup. I never thought I would ever have the chance to take part in a Tibetan wedding.” (通过参加三场当地的婚礼，Holstein还体验到了几种独特的文化体验。她详细地谈到了一场婚礼，“我当时在四川省的一个小村庄里，我被带到当地一个藏族家庭，他们邀请我参加一场婚礼。他们给了我一条裙子，还帮我化了妆。我从没想过我会有机会参加一场西藏婚礼。”)”可知，Jennifer Holstein讲述了她骑经四川一个村庄时被邀请参加一个藏族婚礼的具体细节可知，当地藏民家庭细致地为她做了参加婚礼的相关准备，她利用这个难得的机会体验了当地独特的文化和习俗，她很感激。故选C。
8．主旨大意题。通读全文，本文讲述了一名决定挑战自我和探索未知的美国女性在中国西南地区独自骑行2500公里时所得到的热情帮助和体验沿途独特的文化，选项C “Discover the unknown on a bicycle. (骑自行车探索未知。)”通过提炼文章关键词的方式最好地概括了文章主旨。故选A。
9．D 10．B 11．B 12．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章讲述了色盲的现象和人类眼睛如何感知颜色的方式。文章介绍了两类视觉细胞，分别是“锥体”（cones）和“棒状体”（rods）：锥体能帮助我们在亮光下看清东西和区分颜色，棒状体则帮助我们在黑暗中看到物体的轮廓。文章还提到了颜色识别的能力存在差异，有的人能看到大部分颜色，而一些人则无法区分深红色或蓝绿色等。最后，文章介绍了一些趣闻，如蚊子偏好蓝色、人类偏好不同的颜色等。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“About ten men in every hundred suffer from color blindness in some way. Women are luckier, only about one in two hundred is affected in this matter. Perhaps, after all, it is safer to be driven by a woman! (每一百名男性中约有十名以某种方式患有色盲。女性比较幸运，只有大约两百分之一的人在这件事上受到影响。也许，毕竟女人开车更安全！)”可知女性色盲问题较男性更少，故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“In a single eye, there are millions of very small things called “cones”. These help us to see in a bright light and to tell difference between colors. (在一只眼睛中，有数百万个非常小的东西，称为“视锥细胞”。这些帮助我们在明亮的光线下看东西并区分颜色。)”可知cones可以帮助我们在明亮的光线下看东西并区分颜色，故选B项。
11．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In some cases a man may not be able to see deep red. He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades of green. Sometimes a person cannot tell the difference between blue and green. In rare cases, an unlucky man may see everything in shades of green-a strange world indeed. (在某些情况下，男人可能无法看到深红色。他可能认为红色、橙色和黄色都是绿色的阴影。有时一个人无法区分蓝色和绿色。在极少数情况下，一个不幸的人可能会看到绿色的阴影——确实是一个奇怪的世界。)”可知虽然有些人不能看清深红色，有些人不能识别蓝色和绿色的区别，但并不是所有的色盲患者都有同样的颜色辨识问题，故选B项。
12．主旨大意题。文章主要以人类眼睛感知颜色的方式为主线，其中涉及到了有关色盲的信息。文章的开篇提出了男性比女性更容易患上色盲，并在文章后面对这一现象进行了补充和解释。同时，文章对蚊子喜欢什么颜色、人类喜欢什么颜色等等进行了介绍，但是这些信息都是为了支撑文章的主旨，也就是关于色盲的讨论，故选C项。
13．D 14．C 15．D 16．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。在科学作家扎克·圣乔治的新书《树的旅程》中，他描述到森林正在一寸一寸地向更适宜居住的地方迁移。文章分析了其原因和和科学家对此现象的担忧。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“As old trees die and new ones grow up, the forest is—ever so slightly—moving, he writes. “Through the fossils(化石) that ancient forests left behind, scientists can track their movement.(他写道，随着老树的死亡和新树的成长，森林正在——哪怕只是轻微地——移动。“通过远古森林留下的化石，科学家可以追踪它们的移动。)”和划线单词所在句子“They move back and forth across continents, like migrating birds or whales(它们在大陆上来回移动，就像候鸟或鲸鱼)”可知，森林正在移动，科学家通过远古森林留下的化石可以追踪森林的移动，由此可知，“they(它们)”代指上文提到的森林，故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段中“This has happened over thousands of years, and climate change tends to be the driving force—pushing and pulling forests around the globe...Zach St. George describes a similar threat to Sequoia National Park, during California’s long and severe drought a few years back.(这种情况已经发生了几千年，而气候变化往往是驱动力——推动和拉动全球各地的森林……扎克·圣乔治描述了几年前加利福尼亚长期严重干旱期间对美洲杉国家公园的类似威胁。)”可推知，文章提到美洲杉国家公园是为了解释气候变化导致森林迁移。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段中“This is known as “assisted migration”—humans planting trees in other places where they’re more likely to grow well. But this process carries risks—people can accidentally introduce insects and diseases to new places, where they may wipe out entire native populations.(这就是所谓的“协助迁徙”——人类在其他地方种植树木，因为那里的树木更容易生长良好。但这个过程也有风险——人们可能会不小心将昆虫和疾病带到新的地方，在那里它们可能会消灭整个当地人口。)”可推知，协助迁移可能会影响到新地方的物种。故选D。
16．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“So, St. George writes, there’s a debate among conservationists and foresters today: Should humans help the trees escape?(因此，St. George写道，今天在自然资源保护者和林业工作者之间有一个争论: 人类应该帮助树木逃生吗？)”和最后一段中““I think there are going to be instances where people are probably going to step in and help species move to places where they’ll be more suitable in the future,” St. George says. “And I met a lot of people in the process who have felt sorry about what has been lost and what will be lost—and are still continuing to try and do good and work in the moment for small things.” (“我认为将会出现这样的情况：人们可能会介入，帮助物种迁移到未来更适合它们生存的地方，”圣乔治说。“在这个过程中，我遇到了很多人，他们对已经失去的和将要失去的树木感到遗憾，并且仍然在继续努力做好事，在当下为小事而努力。”)”可推知，St. George对协助迁移是支持的，故选A。
17．B 18．C 19．B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四场讲座，包括它们的话题、时间和参与方式等。
17．细节理解题。根据Lecture 1介绍中的“A lively round-table discussion not lo be missed!(不容错过一场热闹的圆桌讨论！)”可知，参加讲座一的听众可以自由讨论，互相交流想法。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据Lecture 3介绍中的“Topics such as gunpowder, the compass, paper-making and printing will be presented.(将介绍火药、指南针、造纸和印刷等主题)”可知，讲座三的主讲人乔治•拉帕(George Lapa)会谈论古代中国的伟大发明。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据Lecture 4介绍中的“Attendance: In person(出席：亲自出席)”可知，讲座四是线下面对面的参与方式。故选B。
20．B 21．C 22．A 23．D

【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章讲述了肯尼亚的社会活动家、“绿带运动”的发起人旺加里·马塔伊(Wangari Maathai)的人生经历。
20．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She studied biology at Mount St. Scholastica College in Kansas, then obtained a masters degree from the University of Pittsburgh. After returning to Kenya and pursuing her PhD at the University of Nairobi, Wangari became the first woman in East Africa to receive a doctors degree.（她在堪萨斯州圣斯考拉斯蒂卡山学院学习生物学，然后在匹兹堡大学获得硕士学位。回到肯尼亚并在内罗毕大学攻读博士学位后，旺加里成为东非第一位获得博士学位的女性。）”可知，旺加里·马塔伊有着良好的教育背景。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Wangari’s plan inspired the formation of the Green Belt Movement in 1977和To achieve her goals, she came up with a practical but impactful idea: to plant trees.（旺加里的计划激发了1977年绿带运动的形成。为了实现她的目标，她提出了一个实用但有影响力的想法：种树。）”可如，是旺加里种树的想法促成了“绿带运动”的创立。故选C。
22．主旨大意题。根据第四段的首句“As the Green Bell Movement grew, Wongari began to focus on several different but interconnected causes; environmental conservation and human rights.（随着绿钟运动的发展，Wongari开始关注几个不同但相互关联的原因；环境保护和人权。）”并综合全段信息可知，第四段主要是讲旺加里为了扩大自己的影响力而做出的努力。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite facing ongoing opposition and even danger, Wangari’s belief in her work was never shaken.（尽管面临不断的反对甚至危险，旺加里对自己工作的信念从未动摇。）”可知，旺加里是个意志坚定的人；综合她的各种人生经历可知，她还是个能鼓舞人心的人。故选D。
24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D

【导语】本文是新闻报道。讲述了刘易斯·皮尤在南极洲南乔治亚岛的爱德华国王湾冰冷的海水中完成了一公里的游泳，目的是为了让各国领导人尽一切努力保护我们的海洋。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I ask world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans. Sometimes the steps they need to take are difficult and unpopular. If I’m asking them to be courageous, I must also be. Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message.(我要求世界各国领导人尽一切努力保护我们的海洋。有时，他们需要采取的步骤是困难的和不受欢迎的。如果我要求他们勇敢，我也必须勇敢。穿着潜水服游泳不会传达正确的信息)”可知，刘易斯·皮尤不穿潜水服游泳的原因是以显示他的勇敢。故选B项。
25．词句猜测题。根据前文“He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters before it starts shutting down.(他说，他的身体在冰冷的海水中只能忍受大约20分钟，然后it才会开始停止忍受)”可知，此处的it应是代指他的身体。故选A项。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Doctors and Pugh warn that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters. Even expert swimmers who are unused to freezing water can drown within minutes because of the physical shock experienced by the body. Pugh says he trained for six months before this swim.(医生和皮尤警告说，要在如此寒冷的水域游泳，必须接受数月的训练。即使是不习惯冰冷水的游泳专家也会在几分钟内淹死，因为身体会受到物理冲击。皮尤说，在这次游泳之前，他训练了六个月)”可知，如果一个人要在冰冷的水中游泳，他必须经过专业训练。故选C项。
27．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“On November 7, Lewis Pugh completed a one-kilometer swim in the freezing waters of King Edward Cove, off South Georgia in Antarctica.   He was wearing only his swimming glasses, cap and Speedos.(11月7日，刘易斯·皮尤在南极洲南乔治亚岛的爱德华国王湾冰冷的海水中完成了一公里的游泳。他只戴着游泳眼镜、泳帽和泳裤)”以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了刘易斯·皮尤在冰冷的海水中完成了一公里的游泳，是为了让各国领导人尽一切努力保护我们的海洋，所以D项“Lewis Pugh: swimming for a cause(刘易斯·皮尤：游泳是有原因的)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。
28．C 29．B 30．C 31．A

【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述作者出差到大阪，在火车上偶遇一个人，自己错把他的盒饭当作自己的吃掉了，最后两个人竟然成了好朋友的故事。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段的“By the time I got to the station, I was very tired and hungry. At the station there was a shop selling lunch boxes. They had cheap lunch boxes and expensive lunch boxes. I bought a cheap lunch box. (当我到达车站的时候，我又累又饿。在车站有一家卖午餐盒的商店。他们有便宜的饭盒和昂贵的饭盒。我买了一个便宜的饭盒。)”可知，有便宜的午餐盒和昂贵的午餐盒．作者买了一个便宜的午餐盒，因此推出他可能是一个为自己的生活攒钱的人。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段的“I wondered whether I should eat my lunch box or take a nap. I decided I would enjoy my lunch box more after a nap. I put the lunch box in the hat rack above my head. (我不知道是该吃午饭还是睡个午觉。我决定小睡一会儿后应该更享受我的午餐盒。我把午餐盒放在头顶的帽架上。)”可知，作者认为午睡后会更喜欢午餐，可推断作者认为不应该在疲惫的时候吃饭，吃饭时应该是享受的，故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“After a minute or two of eating, the businessman returned. He had an astonished look on his face. He asked me why I was eating his lunch box. Then it hit me that I had put my lunch box above my head. (吃了一两分钟后，商人回来了。他脸上露出惊讶的表情。他问我为什么吃他的午餐盒。然后我突然意识到我把午餐盒放在了头顶上。)”可知作者把它误认为是自己的饭盒才吃掉了年轻人的午餐，故选C。
31．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述作者出差到大阪，在火车上偶遇一个人，自己错把他的盒饭当作自己的吃掉了，最后两个人竟然成了好朋友的故事，因此推出这次大阪的旅行有趣又值得。故选A。
32．C 33．C 34．D 35．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。人工智能系统正在使用绘画和照片中的成像信息来创建相同风格的新艺术作品。艺术家担心人工智能创作的这类艺术品会对他们造成影响。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段的“That makes living artists worry that their works will be copied without their permission (允许). (这让在世的艺术家担心他们的作品会在未经他们许可的情况下被复制)”可知，艺术家们担忧的是人工智能未经允许就抄袭他们的作品，故选C项。
33．词义猜测题。根据第六段划线词上文“However, some artists welcome the AI systems as new tools to create works (然而，一些艺术家欢迎人工智能系统作为创作作品的新工具)”可知上文提到的名词是AI systems，所以代词them指代的是AI systems，故选C项。
34．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But Anadol hopes future uses of AI will allow artists to choose whether their art can be included in new creations. “ I totally agree that certain artists or creators are very uncomfortable about their works being used,” (但阿纳多尔希望人工智能的未来应用将使艺术家能够选择他们的艺术是否可以被纳入新的创作中。“我完全同意某些艺术家或创作者对他们的作品被使用感到非常不舒服”)”可知，Anadol希望未来人工智能系统的使用将允许艺术家决定他们的艺术是否可以包含在新的创作中，即获得原作者的许可，故选D项。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Artificial intelligence( AI) systems are using imaging information from paintings and photos to create new images in the same style. (人工智能系统正在使用绘画和照片中的成像信息来创建相同风格的新图像)”以及最后一段“But Anadol hopes future uses of AI will allow artists to choose whether their art can be included in new creations. “ I totally agree that certain artists or creators are very uncomfortable about their works being used,” (但阿纳多尔希望人工智能的未来应用将使艺术家能够选择他们的艺术是否可以被纳入新的创作中。“我完全同意某些艺术家或创作者对他们的作品被使用感到非常不舒服”)”可知文章在第一段提出了人工智能系统能够创作艺术品并在最后一段谈到了艺术家对此担心，分析四个选项，B项“Artists Worry over AI-Created Artworks (艺术家担心人工智能创作的艺术品)”表达的含义符合文章主旨，故选B项。
36．A 37．B 38．D 39．C

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。詹姆斯成为美国职业篮球协会新任得分王。周二晚上，在洛杉矶湖人队对阵雷霆队的比赛中，他在第三节跳投创造了这一纪录。詹姆斯的职业生涯总得分达到38，超过了阿卜杜尔·贾巴尔保持了近39年的得分纪录。
36．推理判断题。根据第二段“He set the record with a jump shot (得分) in the third quarter of the Los Angeles Lakers game Tuesday night against Oklahoma City. James pushed his career total to 38,388 points and passed the scoring record that Kareem Abdul-Jabbar had held for nearly 39 years.(在周二晚上洛杉矶湖人队对阵俄克拉荷马城的比赛中，他在第三节的跳投创造了纪录。詹姆斯将自己的职业生涯总得分提高到38388分，超过了贾巴尔保持了近39年的得分纪录)”可知，詹姆斯的跳投意味着一个新的记录诞生了。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The game stopped as members of James’ family, including his mother, his wife and their three children, went to the court for a ceremony honoring the moment.(比赛暂停，詹姆斯的家人，包括他的母亲、妻子和三个孩子，都来到球场参加纪念这一时刻的仪式)”可知，篮球比赛中途停了是为了庆祝一下。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据第六段“James, who is 38 years old, passed all of them and set the record in his 20th season. Abdul-Jabbar also played 20 NBA seasons.(38岁的詹姆斯在职业生涯的第20个赛季中超过了所有这些，创造了纪录。贾巴尔也打了20个NBA赛季)”可知，詹姆斯和贾巴尔的共同之处是他们在历史上打了相同的赛季。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据第七段的“During the on-court ceremony, Abdul-Jabbar handed a ball to James, showing a passing of the torch(火炬).(在场上的仪式上，贾巴尔把球递给詹姆斯，展示了火炬的传递)”可知，贾巴尔要把球传给詹姆斯是为了把头衔传给了詹姆斯。故选C。
40．C 41．D 42．A

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了两门网上课程。
40．细节理解题。由Greener Living项下“On this course you will find out the most effective changes you can make to become a greener citizen and examine the possible role that new technologies will play in fighting climate change.”（在本课程中，你将发现你可以做出的最有效的改变，以成为一个更环保的公民，并研究新技术在应对气候变化方面可能发挥的作用。）可知，在上完这门课之后，你可能更多地关注气候变化。故选C项。
41．细节理解题。由Human Brain项下“you will discover how we learn and find out methods to keep your brain healthy and make the most of it”（你会发现我们是如何学习和找到保持大脑健康并充分利用它的方法的）可知，在这门课中，你将会发现如何充分利用大脑。故选D项。
42．细节理解题。由The Benefits of Courses项下“After completing these courses, you will receive a digital certificate. This can be used as an advantage to show during job applications.”（完成这些课程后，您将获得一份数字证书。这可以作为一种优势，在申请工作时显示出来。）可知，完成课程后,你将获得数字证书，这可以作为求职时的有利条件。即对你寻找工作有好处，故选A项。
43．D 44．C 45．C 46．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自然和人为因素使许多物种灭绝，然而，根据一份新的报告，道路现在被认为是最重要的因素。文章解释了道路是如何影响到动物的。
43．细节理解题。根据第一段“Up to 1 million species are at risk of extinction — many within decades — because of human activities. Climate change, development, pollution, overfishing and hunting are all driving the crisis.(由于人类活动，多达100万种物种面临灭绝的危险，其中许多物种在几十年内灭绝。气候变化、发展、污染、过度捕捞和狩猎都是造成这场危机的原因)”可知，自然和人为因素使许多物种灭绝。故选D。
44．推理判断题。根据第三段“Along Highway 101, in Southern California, the latter is driving extinction.(在南加州的101号高速公路上，后者正在导致灭绝)”以及第二段“But roads can also kill in more subtle ways, destroying habitat on either side of their path and blocking movement. (但道路也会以更微妙的方式杀死它们，破坏它们路径两侧的栖息地，阻碍它们的移动)”可推知，Marcel Huijser在第二段中的意思是道路对动物栖息地的影响是显著的。故选C。
45．推理判断题。根据倒数第四段“The findings were the first documented reproductive signs of inbreeding in the area s long-isolated lions. These mountain lions, restricted in the 40-mile long mountain range, were producing their later generations with close relatives.(这一发现首次记录了该地区长期隔离的狮子近亲繁殖的迹象。这些美洲狮生活在40英里长的山脉中，它们正在与近亲繁殖后代)”可推知，作者提到尾巴打结的美洲狮是为了表明动物因为道路导致的有限的移动。故选C。
46．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The wildlife crossing at Liberty Canyon should help. It’s being designed to give mountain lions and other species a precious escape route, connecting isolated populations in the Santa Monica Mountains with the larger world.(自由峡谷的野生动物通道应该会有所帮助。它的设计是为了给美洲狮和其他物种提供一条宝贵的逃生路线，将圣莫尼卡山脉与世隔绝的种群与更大的世界联系起来)”可知，自由峡谷的野生动物穿越为野生动物提供了穿越该地区的通道。故选A。
47．C 48．D 49．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个坐落在海边的酒店。
47．细节理解题。根据Malta-Soreda Aparthotel中“A week in a 4-star Hotel from £299, all included Enjoy the peaceful coast of Malta from a beautiful room in Soreda Aparthotel in Qawra. Affording bright views of the Mediterranean, Qawra is a prized destination for sun seekers looking to experience the rays on resort town’s brilliant rocky beaches. Soreda Aparthotel lies just minutes away from both the crystal- clear waters of the sea and local pleasures in Bugibba.(在四星级酒店住一周，299英镑起，包括所有费用。在Qawra的Soreda Aparthotel酒店享受宁静的马耳他海岸。提供明亮的地中海景色，奎拉是一个珍贵的目的地，寻求阳光的人希望在度假小镇的辉煌的岩石海滩上体验光线。Soreda Aparthotel酒店位于距水晶般清澈的海水和当地的乐趣在布吉巴只有几分钟的路程)”可知，在So red a Aparthotel，除了棕榈树，你可以享受到以下所有的东西，即美丽的阳光、地中海的景色和当地的乐趣。故选C项。
48．细节理解题。根据Sri Lanka-Ramada Resort中“The facilities include a large swimming pool surrounded by lawns that rundown lo the beachfront.(这些设施包括一个大型游泳池，周围环绕着草坪，沿着海滨延伸)”可知，度假时喜欢游泳的人可以选择住华美达酒店。故选D项。
49．细节理解题。根据Malta-Soreda Aparthotel中的“Enjoy the peaceful coast of Malta from a beautiful room in Soreda Aparthotel in Qawra.(在Qawra的Soreda Aparthotel酒店享受宁静的马耳他海岸)”、Mauritius-Jalsa Beach Hotel and Spa中“Offering excellent views of the Indian Ocean from the shores of Mauritius, the Jalsa Beach Hotel and Spa is an ideal location to spend a holiday in the southern hemisphere (半球).(从毛里求斯海岸提供印度洋的绝佳景色，哈尔萨海滩酒店和水疗中心是在南半球度假的理想地点)”、Sri Lanka-Ramada Resort中“The Ramada Resort Kalutara is a modern hotel with a wonderful sea view.(华美达酒店是一家现代化的酒店，拥有美丽的海景)”和Cyprus-Akteon中“Situated directly on the seafront of Chloraka village, just a few minutes’ drive from the attractions of Paphos, the Akteon Holiday Village offers comfortable and varied accommodation.(位于克洛卡村的海滨，从帕福斯的景点只有几分钟的车程，阿克特翁度假村提供舒适和多样的住宿)”可知，上面提到的四个地方的共同之处是它们都坐落在海边。故选A项。
50．A 51．D 52．B 53．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现植物根系的资源驱动了热带地区的土壤动物群落，对地下的生物很重要。
50．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Millions of small creatures working hard in a single hectare of soil including earthworms, springtails, mites, insects, and other arthropods (节肢动物) are crucial for decomposition and soil health.(数百万的小生物在一公顷的土壤中辛勤工作，包括蚯蚓、弹尾虫、螨虫、昆虫和其他节肢动物，它们对土壤的分解和土壤的健康至关重要)”可知，土壤中的小生物对分解土壤和土壤健康至关重要，所以节肢动物在热带地区扮演着使土壤健康的角色。故选A项。
51．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They removed all dead leaves, the main resource of decomposer animals, from other experimental plots to compare them.(他们从其他试验田移走了所有的枯叶，以进行比较，枯叶是分解动物的主要来源)”可知，移除地块中的所有枯叶是为了进行比较。故选D项。
52．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“They found that without living roots, animal abundance in the rainforest plots decreases by 42 percent and in plantations by 30 percent.(他们发现，如果没有活根，雨林地块的动物数量减少了42%，种植园的动物数量减少了30%)”可知，没有活根的地下生物在不同的地块都有不同程度的降低，再根据“By contrast, removing the dead leaves has almost no effect on the animals in the underlying soil, but decreased the total animal abundance (in the soil and dead leaves) by 60 percent in rainforest and rubber plantations due to physical litter removal. (相比之下，清除枯叶对下层土壤中的动物几乎没有影响，但由于物理清除凋落物，雨林和橡胶园的动物总数(土壤和枯叶)减少了60%)”可知，相比之下，去除枯叶对地下动物几乎没有影响，由此可知，影响地块动物丰度的应该是植物的根。故选B项。
53．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“The study provides new perspectives for the management of the resources provided by plant litter in tropical plantations, contributing to soil animal biodiversity. This is important to develop sustainable agricultural landscapes in the tropics(该研究为热带人工林凋落物资源的管理提供了新的视角，有助于改善土壤动物的生物多样性。这对于发展热带地区的可持续农业景观非常重要)”可知，土壤动物的生物多样化对热带地区发展可持续性农业景观重要的因素，由此可知，土壤动物的多样化对可持续农业景观很重要。故选A项。
54．C 55．A 56．D 57．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一种新的设备。科学家已经发明了直接从大脑中“读”单词的方法。大脑植入物可以将内部语言转换为外部信号，使患有疾病的人能够与他人交流，这些疾病窃取了他们说话或打字的能力。研究的新结果提供了额外的证据，证明大脑植入物在恢复失去的沟通方面具有非凡的潜力。
54．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Brain implants(植入物)can translate internal speech into external signals, permitting communication from people with diseases that steal their ability to talk or type.（大脑植入物可以将内部语言转换为外部信号，使患有疾病的人能够与他人交流，这些疾病窃取了他们说话或打字的能力。）”可知，大脑植入物的功能是为了协助沟通。故选C。
55．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Neural(神经系统的)signals associated with words are detected by electrodes(电极)implanted in the brain. The signals can then be translated into text, which can be made audible(听得见的)by computer programs that generate speech. Electrodes picked up nerve cell signals in the posterior parietal cortex, a brain area involved in speech and hand movements. A brain implant there might eventually be used to control devices that can perform tasks usually done by a hand too,（与单词相关的神经信号通过植入大脑的电极来检测。然后，这些信号可以被翻译成文本，这些文本可以通过生成语音的计算机程序发出声音。电极接收到后顶叶皮层的神经细胞信号，这是大脑中与语言和手部运动有关的区域。那里的大脑植入物可能最终会被用来控制那些可以执行通常由手完成的任务的设备，）”可知，第3段主要告诉我们关于这个系统的“工作原理”。故选A。
56．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To be useful, the current techniques will need to get faster and more accurate. “ These are still early days for the technologies, ” Wandelt says. “Progress will be possible only with the help of people who volunteer for the studies. The field will continue to benefit from the incredible people who participate in clinical trials.””（为了发挥作用，目前的技术需要变得更快、更准确。Wandelt说：“这些技术还处于早期阶段。”。“只有在自愿参与研究的人的帮助下，才能取得进展。该领域将继续受益于参与临床试验的令人难以置信的人。）”可知，最后一段讲述的是“它目前没有多少实际用途。”故选D。
57．推理判断题题。根据第二段中“Our device predicts internal speech directly, allowing the patient to just focus on saying a word inside their head and transform it into text,（我们的设备直接预测内部语音，让病人只专注于在他们的脑海里说一个词，然后把它转换成文本，）”可知，文章介绍一种新的设备。科学家已经发明了直接从大脑中“读”单词的方法。大脑植入物可以将内部语言转换为外部信号，使患有疾病的人能够与他人交流，这些疾病窃取了他们说话或打字的能力。研究的新结果提供了额外的证据，证明大脑植入物在恢复失去的沟通方面具有非凡的潜力。所以文章的目的是“介绍一种设备。”故选B。

58．D 59．A 60．D

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国东海岸的几个最佳景点。
58．细节理解题。根据Hampton Beach, New Hampshire标题下“The attractions include a market with shops, eateries and games; a marine (海洋的)life discovery center; and a historical society.(景点包括一个有商店、餐馆和游戏的市场；海洋生物发现中心；以及一个历史社会)”可知，在汉普顿海滩可做的事情是参观当地市场。故选D项。
59．细节理解题。根据Ocean City, Maryland标题下“There are many pet-friendly hotels, though dogs are only welcome on the beach in the colder months between October 1 and April 30.(虽然只有在10月1日至4月30日这段寒冷的月份，海滩上才欢迎狗狗，但这里有许多宠物友好型酒店)”可知，在大西洋城有宠物友好型酒店。故选A项。
60．细节理解题。根据Block Island, Rhode Island标题下“17 miles of beaches(17英里长的海滩)”及Hampton Beach, New Hampshire标题下“18-mile coast(18英里长的海岸)”及Ocean City, Maryland标题下“10 miles of beaches(10英里长的海滩)”及Canaveral National Seashore, Florida标题下“24 miles of beach habitat(24英里的海滩栖息地)”可知，卡纳维拉尔国家海岸是最长的。故选D项。
61．C 62．D 63．A 64．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了一个由9名女性组成的自称为“The 9 Nanas”的秘密社团，通过为有需要的人做一些随机的善举来传播快乐。
61．细节理解题。根据首段第一二句“In Tennessee, you will find a “secret society” that consists of 9 women who call themselves “The 9 Nanas.” Its mission is simple — to spread happiness by performing random acts of kindness for those in need. (在田纳西州，你会发现一个“秘密社团”，由9名自称为“九位奶奶”的女性组成。它的使命很简单——通过为有需要的人做一些随机的善举来传播快乐。)”可知，秘密社团的任务是传播快乐。故选C。
62．细节理解题。根据第二段最后三句“They fondly recalled how MaMaw Ruth used to bake and send pound cakes to families who had recently lost someone. The “sisters” wanted to do good for their community too. So, the “secret society” of “The 9 Nanas” was born. (她们深情地回忆起露丝妈妈过去是如何为那些刚刚失去亲人的家庭烘烤并寄送一磅蛋糕的。“姐妹们”也想为她们的社区做点好事。于是，“九位奶奶”的“秘密社团”诞生了。)”可知，她们对露丝妈妈的回忆激发她们为社区做点好事，于是成立了秘密社团。故选D。
63．词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段第二三四句“But by then, the husbands had started to get suspicious. So the 9 Nanas gathered the husbands and spilled the beans. Their husbands wanted in on the fun. (但到那时，丈夫们已经开始怀疑了。于是，奶奶们把丈夫们聚集在一起， 。她们的丈夫也想加入其中。)”可知，她们的丈夫们最初怀疑，但在被聚集一起后就想加入她们，说明奶奶们把秘密社团的事情告诉了他们。故划线短语spilled the beans应为“讲出事实”。故选A。
64．推理判断题。根据首段第一二句“In Tennessee, you will find a “secret society” that consists of 9 women who call themselves “The 9 Nanas.” Its mission is simple—to spread happiness by performing random acts of kindness for those in need. (在田纳西州，你会发现一个“秘密社团”，由9名自称为“九位奶奶”的女性组成。它的使命很简单——通过为有需要的人做一些随机的善举来传播快乐。)”可知，奶奶们乐于奉献，关心他人。故选C。
65．B 66．A 67．B 68．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。首先介绍了全球缺水的现象，然后分析了导致缺水的三个问题，最后这一问题终于引起了全世界的广泛关注。
65．细节理解题。根据首段“A report issued on the eve of the first major U.N. conference on water in more than 45 years says 26% of the world’s population doesn’t have access to safe drinking water and 46% lacks access to basic sanitation (卫生). The U. N. World Water Development Report 2023, released Tuesday, painted an unpleasant picture of the huge gap that needs to be filled to meet U.N. goals to ensure all the 8 billion people have access to clean water and sanitation by 2030. (在联合国召开45年来首次关于水的重要会议前夕发布的一份报告称，世界上26%的人口无法获得安全饮用水，46%的人口缺乏基本的卫生设施。周二发布的联合国《2023年世界水发展报告》描绘了一幅令人不快的画面，即要实现联合国确保到2030年所有80亿人都能获得清洁水和卫生设施的目标，还需要填补巨大的差距。)”可知，全球是80亿人口，有26%的人口无法获得安全饮用水，所以可知，应是20.8亿人无法获得安全饮用水。故选B。
66．细节理解题。根据第二段“According to the report, water use has been increasing globally by roughly 1% per year over the last 40 years and is expected to grow at a similar rate through to 2050, mainly driven by population growth in urban areas. (根据该报告，主要受城市地区人口增长的推动，在过去40年里，全球用水量以每年约1%的速度增长，预计以类似的速度增长到2050年。)”可知，用水量以每年约1%的速度稳步增长。故选A。
67．推理判断题。根据第二段“According to the report, water use has been increasing globally by roughly 1% per year over the last 40 years and is expected to grow at a similar rate through to 2050, mainly driven by population growth in urban areas. (根据该报告，主要受城市地区人口增长的推动，在过去40年里，全球用水量以每年约1%的速度增长，预计以类似的速度增长到2050年。)”，第三段首句“With agriculture using 70% of all water globally, Richard Connor, editor in chief of the report, said, irrigation (灌溉) for crops has to be more efficient. (该报告的主编理查德·康纳说，由于农业用水占全球总用水量的70%，农作物的灌溉必须提高效率。)”以及第四段首句“As for water pollution, Connor said, the biggest source of pollution is untreated wastewater. (至于水污染，康纳说，最大的污染源是未经处理的废水。)”可知，分析了三个导致缺水问题的原因。故选B。
68．推理判断题。根据末段第二句“These issues will be discussed during the three-day U. N. Water Conference opening Wednesday. There are 171 countries, including over 100 ministers, on the speakers list along with more than 20 organizations. (这些问题将在周三开幕的为期三天的联合国水资源会议上讨论。有171个国家，包括100多位部长，以及20多个组织在发言名单上。)”可知，缺水问题已经引起了全世界广泛的关注。故选C。
69．C 70．B 71．A 72．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了介绍英国慈善商店的发展史。
69．主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the UK, we might take it to a charity shop. The first charity shops appeared in Britain in the 19th century. The Salvation Army was one of the first to run a second-hand clothing shop to provide the needy with affordable clothes. This was followed by charities such as the British Red Cross, who also relieved hardship and raised money for the war effort during World War Two. In 1947, Oxfam opened a charity shop in High street, Oxford, which is the modern form we know today. These days, charity shops are a common sight with around 11,200 shops across the UK, according to the Charity Retail Association. During business hours the public can donate their unwanted items to a charity shop—clothes, books, electronics, furniture. These items are checked for wear and tear and if found still serviceable, priced up to be sol data heavily discounted price.”（在英国，我们可能会把它带到慈善商店。第一家慈善商店出现在19世纪的英国。救世军是最早经营二手服装店的组织之一，为有需要的人提供买得起的衣服。紧随其后的是慈善机构，如英国红十字会，他们在第二次世界大战期间也减轻了困难并为战争筹集了资金。1947年，乐施会在牛津高街开了一家慈善商店，这就是我们今天所知道的现代形式。根据慈善零售协会的数据，如今，慈善商店在英国已经很常见，大约有11200家商店。在营业时间，公众可以把他们不想要的东西——衣服、书籍、电子产品、家具——捐赠给慈善商店。检查这些物品的磨损情况，如果发现仍然可以使用，则将其定价为100%的折扣价格。）可知，第二段主要讲的是慈善商店在英国的发展。故选C项。
70．推理判断题。根据第三段中“For many, this is a win-win situation. To the charity, it means a valuable source of income. To the con-sumer, it provides the opportunity to buy, often extremely cheaply, items and clothes. To the donator, it may help to relieve consumer guilt.”（对许多人来说，这是一个双赢的局面。对慈善机构来说，这意味着一个宝贵的收入来源。对消费者来说，它提供了购买通常极其便宜的物品和衣服的机会。对捐赠者来说，这可能有助于减轻消费者的负罪感。）可推知，我们可以从第三段中了解到不同的团体都可以从慈善商店中受益。故选B项。
71．推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are sometimes hidden treasures for the buyers, too. Take a screen print for example. It was bought for 99p and later found to be by English artist Ben Nicholson. It was sold for £4,200. So next time you need to rid yourself of something, spare a thought for the charity shop—after all, charity begins at home!”（有时买家也会有隐藏的宝藏。以丝网印刷为例。它以99便士的价格被买走，后来被英国艺术家本·尼科尔森发现。它以4200英镑的价格售出。所以，下次你需要摆脱什么东西的时候，想想慈善商店吧——毕竟，慈善是从家里开始的！）可推知，最后一段给出的例子“丝网印刷”的目的是表明买家可能会意外得到有价值的东西。故选A项。
72．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“In the UK, we might take it to a charity shop.  The first charity shops appeared in Britain in the 19th century. The Salvation Army was one of the first to run a second-hand clothing shop to provide the needy with affordable clothes.”（在英国，我们可能会把它带到慈善商店。第一家慈善商店出现在19世纪的英国。救世军是最早经营二手服装店的组织之一，为有需要的人提供买得起的衣服。）可知，这篇文章主要讲的是介绍英国慈善商店。故选D项。
73．C 74．D 75．D 76．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项研究发现，童年时期的不良心理社会因素会影响中年学习和记忆力，特别是影响儿童的自我调节和社会适应能力。
73．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thus, revealing the role of various exposures beginning from childhood is important in order to bring tools for cognitive health promotion.(因此，揭示从童年开始的各种暴露的作用是重要的，以便为促进认知健康提供工具。)”可知，揭示来自于童年时期的各种接触是为了给提升健康认知提供工具，由此可知，这种做法是为了改善认知健康的方式。故选C项。
74．词义猜测题。根据划线单词前面的“An adverse psychosocial environment in childhood may harm cognitive development(儿童时期不良的社会心理环境可能会损害认知发展)”可知，儿童时期的不利的社会心理环境可能损伤认知发展，说明社会心理环境与认知发展是有关系的，再结合but可知，此后的内容与此处应为转折关系，结合选项以及所以划线单词所在的句子“but the associations for adulthood cognitive function remain obscure.(但与成年期认知功能的关联仍然obscure。)”以及下文“Results from a longitudinal (纵向的) Finnish study show that unfavorable childhood psychosocial factors may be linked to poorer learning and memory in midlife.(芬兰一项纵向研究的结果显示，不利的儿童心理社会因素可能与中年学习和记忆力较差有关。)”可知，芬兰一项纵向研究的结果显示，不利的儿童心理社会因素可能与中年学习和记忆力较差有关，并没有涉及到认知功能，由此可推知，儿童时期不良的社会心理环境与成年认知功能的关联是不清楚的，由此可知，该单词的意思是“不清楚的”。故选D项。
75．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Previous evidence on adverse psychosocial factors and cognitive outcomes comes from short-term studies focusing on single psychosocial factor or adversity.(先前关于不良社会心理因素和认知结果的证据来自于短期研究，主要关注单一社会心理因素或逆境。)”可知，此处介绍了以前的研究关注的内容，根据下文“This study is a prospective longitudinal study focusing on the associations between multiple childhood psychosocial factors and adulthood cognitive function(本研究是一项前瞻性的纵向研究，旨在探讨多种儿童心理社会因素与成年期认知功能之间的关系)”可知，这是这次研究关注的内容，由此可知，第三段Amanda Nurmi主要是将现在的研究与过去的研究进行了比较，寻求两者之间的不同。故选D项。
76．主旨大意题。根据首段“A Finnish study coordinated by the Centre for Population Health Research at the University of Turku shows that accumulated adverse (不利的) psychosocial factors in childhood are associated with worse midlife learning and memory, and specifically child’s self-regulation and social adjustment.(由图尔库大学人口健康研究中心协调的一项芬兰研究表明，童年时期积累的不良心理社会因素与中年学习和记忆能力下降有关，特别是儿童的自我调节和社会适应能力下降。)”以及下文对该研究的分析可知，研究发现，儿童时期积累的不利的心理社会因素会影响中年学习和记忆力，尤其会影响儿童的自我调节和社会适应能力，所以本文的标题为“困难的童年，以后的记忆问题”与本文的内容一致，且可以概括全文的主题。故选B项。