浙江高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份浙江高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共48页。
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There’s a new AI bot: ChatGPT, and you’d better pay attention, even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large, powerful AI system can achieve.
ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习).
You can ask ChatGPT anything, like explaining physics, asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming (编程) help. Perhaps it’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet, but it can be creative, and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people hop onto the server (服务器), it overloads and can’t process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access, there is an option for you. As of Feb.1, 2023, OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20 / month.’
However, ChatGPT can not replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence bot that provides solutions to your questions, but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.
1．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT?
A．Its language model. B．Its working theory.
C．Its design inspiration. D．Its development process.
2．Why does the author list figures in paragraph 3?
A．To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B．To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C．To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D．To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.
3．What is ChatGPT Plus intended for?
A．Guiding users to experience free services.
B．Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements.
C．Helping researchers detect the failure of the system.
D．Offering consumers priority access during peak hours.
4．What is a limitation of ChatGPT compared with Google?
A．It operates based on limited data.
B．It takes more time to search for solutions.
C．It can only update information at a fixed time.
D．It may provide replies unrelated to the questions.

Plants and exposure to greenery have been found to have mental health benefits and like any new skill or hobby, taking care of houseplants comes with difficulty. Anyone starting to care for plants should be patient and allow themselves time to learn the basics. Here are several plants recommended for giving mental health benefits:
Snake Plant
These popular indoor plants have a striking appearance, with dark green sword-shaped leaves that have yellow or white stripes. It is a great first plant, and is very easy to care for. It grows in spaces with low sunlight, has visual appeal and cleans the air.
Lavender
Well known for its relaxing smell, Lavender has a calming effect, aids in reducing stress, promotes sleep and specially has anti-inflammatory (抗炎的) effects when used as a medicine for skin. You can cut it off and dry the leaves or even put them into your bath.
Pothos
If you want to go bright green, try Pothos. The plants grow long stems that can hang from a pot and grow downward, or the stems can climb and grow upward. They clean the air and look beautiful hanging down a bookcase or shelf.
Lemon Balm
This fragrant green herb is part of the mint family and is simple to plant. Known for its calming properties, it has a light lemony smell and has been used to improve sleep, reduce stress and anxiety.
Basil
The experience of growing, picking and using herbs you’ve grown yourself has a positive impact on your mental health, creating a sense of accomplishment. Eating Basil has health benefits too. It has properties that help to relieve stress and anxiety, and eating it can clear your mind.
5．What do Snake Plant and Pothos have in common?
A．Long stems. B．Bright green leaves.
C．Purifying the air. D．Relaxing your mind.
6．What is special about Lavender?
A．Promoting sleep. B．Resisting inflammation.
C．Reducing stress. D．Clearing your mind.
7．If you are a cook, which plant may appear in the menu?
A．Basil. B．Snake Plants. C．Pothos. D．Lavender.

From inspirational keynote sessions to hot topics and networking events, everything you know and love about the Food & Nutrition Conference & Expo (FNCE) is included in this year’s program — plus these amazing new additions!
Extra Networking Event. You asked for more networking opportunities, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics listened! Immediately following Opening Session on Saturday, October 26, from 6p. m. to 7p.m., there will be a special networking opportunity in the Grand Hall of the Pennsylvania Convention Center. Connect with colleagues and meet new friends while enjoying festive fall beverages.
New Educational Tracks. For attendees looking to develop business and communications skills, the new Career Development and Advancement track offers 12 applicable sessions on topics such as leadership, mentoring and being an entrepreneur. Seven sessions in the Behavioral and Mental Health track focus on eating disorders, body image and more. The Business and Communications track includes information about building a practice and professional relationships.
More Learning Styles. Not everyone learns the same way, so FNCE 2023is offering more ways than ever to engage and gather new information. The Conversation Series in Room 114 Lecture Hall will feature in-depth one-on-one conversations with experts, leaders and innovators on topics including leadership, emerging technologies and more. Ninety-minute expert panel discussions will feature a moderator and up to three panelists presenting perspectives on a specific topic.
Longer DPG/MIG Showcase. To give attendees more time to explore all the dietetic practice groups and member interest groups available, this showcase will be extended by one hour. Visit the Showcase and join a DPG or MIG on Monday, October 28, from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. at the Arch Street Bridge (200 Level) of the convention center.
8．Where can you go to find a networking opportunity at FNCE?
A．Mental Health track. B．The Grand Hall.
C．Room 114 Lecture Hall. D．The Arch Street Bridge.
9．What can be inferred about the Food & Nutrition Conference & Expo?
A．The DPG/MIG Showcase this year will be extended to three hours.
B．The Food & Nutrition Conference & Expo will start from October 28.
C．The Business and Communications track centers on body image and mentoring.
D．The Conversation Series offer you a chance to have a direct talk with the experts.
10．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To explore secrets to healthy life. B．To introduce new educational approaches.
C．To offer more learning opportunities. D．To attract more attendees to FNCE 2023.

It all started with a post on social media. Returning home from the grocery store, then 25-year-old Simone Policano felt compelled to help the elderly in her neighbourhood to practise safer social distancing during the Covid-19 pandemic. With this in mind, she reached out to her friends via the social media, inquiring about existing volunteer opportunities in the state of New York. Unexpectedly, many responded to her post, expressing their interest to volunteer as well. As a result of that outreach, one of her friends, Liam Elkind joined Policano. They decided to start an initiative called Invisible Hands Deliver.
Just two days after conceiving(想出)the idea, Policano and Elkind had a website up and running. This site allowed the elderly and other at-risk individuals to make requests for groceries and prescription medicines to be delivered to them. Volunteers left the bags of groceries outside the doors. The webpage also included a call for volunteers, which gained more than 2,000 sign-ups within the first five days.
As the pandemic began to take its toll on New York in March 2020, Invisible Hands Deliver witnessed a massive outpouring of support from like-minded individuals in the community. Besides volunteering to deliver groceries for free, New Yorkers also reached out to translate the Invisible Hands flyers into over a dozen languages, enabling the organisation to reach out to more members of the community.
Following its success in New York and New Jersey, the organisation has expanded its operations to Philadelphia and there are plans to expand to other areas of the United States. Their acts of kindness have also inspired similar networks to sprout up worldwide. Invisible Hands Deliver is also supported by other organizations.
Helmed by a team of college students and recent graduates, Invisible Hands Deliver has shown that one is never too young to make a difference and give back to the community. In a time when the pandemic has forced people apart, the young are in a prime position to take advantage of technology and bridge the gap, bringing communities together.
11．Why did Simone Policano setup “Invisible Hands Deliver”?
A．To practice outreach on the social media.
B．To bring volunteers of the same interest together.
C．To help the elderly with their daily chores contactlessly.
D．To sell groceries and prescription medicines to the lonely elderly.
12．What does the underlined phrase “take its toll” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Cause great damage. B．Reduce the impact.
C．Fill a huge gap. D．Recover slowly.
13．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Invisible Hands Deliver has drawn wide attention.
B．People responded to Simon’s post in actively at the beginning.
C．Invisible Hands Deliver has existed in many areas of the United States.
D．Young people pull the elderly together when the pandemic pulls them apart.
14．What does the author want to convey through the passage?
A．Great minds think alike. B．All the people gather the fire.
C．Great things never come easy. D．Kill two birds with one stone.

Many of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are already well established. Our brains evolved in natural landscapes, and our perceptual(感知的)systems are particularly well suited to wild outdoor spaces.
This means that natural scenes provide the perfect level of stimulation, which is thought to help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractible. Supporting this theory, one study found that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were better able to concentrate following a 20-minute walk in the park, compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept urban area. Being exposed to grass and trees seemed to have had a beneficial effect on their minds. The authors recommended using such “doses(剂量)of nature” as a safe and accessible way of supporting children with ADHD, alongside other tools.
Besides these restorative effects, outdoor play can offer valuable learning experiences. For example, playing with mud or sand can help children develop the way their senses and movement interact, which allows the child to gradually understand his or her body signals.
Such activities — away from the house or classroom — may also help children to find ways to cope with emotions that maybe hard to explore in other environments. So-called “sand tray therapy”, which involves using sand and clay to express one’s thoughts and feelings, is an accepted form of counselling for children who are struggling to verbalise their emotional state.
When it comes to the child’s physical health, the most obvious advantage of outdoor play maybe the exercise A child may find it easier to buildup strength and endurance in a large open space resulting in a reduced risk of overweight, according to one study led by Elizabeth Gershoff, professor of human development and family sciences at the University of Texas at Austin, US.
The latest findings, however, suggest there could be a host of other advantages to playing in natural environments — and the secret maybe alive in the mud itself.
15．What’s the function of the first paragraph?
A．To present the topic. B．To display brain landscapes.
C．To prove the well-established benefits. D．To introduce the perceptual systems.
16．How does the study show that natural scenes provide the perfect level of stimulation?
A．By recording learning experiences. B．By comparing walking in different settings.
C．By observing different activities. D．By exposing children to grass and trees.
17．What’s the advantage of sand tray therapy?
A．Children can speak out their inner thoughts.
B．Children can develop their senses and movements.
C．Children can express their thoughts by applying sand.
D．Children can cope with their emotions in the classroom.
18．What does the author mean by saying “the secret maybe alive in the mud itself’?
A．Playing outdoors brings unexpected benefits.
B．Playing in the mud is the best outdoor exercise.
C．Playing outdoors can cure children with ADHD．
D．Playing in the mud can reduce the risk of overweight.

More than 360 million years ago, during the Devonian (泥盆纪) period, life was flourishing in spectacular fashion. As fish and invertebrates populated the seas, the first trees emerged on land. But by the end of the Devonian, more than half of all Earth’s species had disappeared in a series of mass extinctions. New research shows how tree evolution could have contributed to these extinction events.
As land plants diversified, “they started to grow more complex root systems that were able to reach farther down to grab water,” says U. S. Naval Academy oceanographer Mathew Smart, lead author of the new study in the Geological Society of American Bulletin. Deep tree roots drew crucial minerals such as phosphorus (磷) out of the bedrock and then eventually decayed, forming mineral-rich soil. Periodically, large quantities of this soil were washed into the seas and lakes-where the sudden phosphorus inflow caused harmful algal blooms (藻华) that pulled oxygen from the waters below. Then came a series of large-scale extinctions.
The researchers tracked this deadly pattern in five prehistoric lake beds in Scotland and Greenland. They measured a gradual phosphorus decrease in sediment layers from the middle to late Devonian, accompanied by sudden increase of the mineral with evidence of corresponding oxygen depletion (耗竭).
“We’ve been working on the Devonian for a long time, and we have been thinking that these cycles have occurred, but we couldn’t really explain it,” says Anne-Christine Da Silva, a sedimentologist at the University of Liège in Belgium. “This paper could bring an explanation.”
University of New Mexico planetary scientist Maya Elrick, who was also not involved in the study, says that while the oxygen depletion incidents coincided with extinctions, it is unclear how much of a role tree roots played. Phosphorus levels did gradually decrease overall as trees evolved, but she says this reduction may have already been occurring: “If it’s a trend that was happening prior, you can’t blame it on the plants.”
Next, Smart’s team plans to test its results using computer models to see whether plants on land could have caused ocean-wide oxygen depletion and corresponding extinction-analysis that could also help predict modern algal blooms’ impact.
19．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2?
A．The evolution of land plants. B．The effect of phosphorus inflow.
C．The source of crucial minerals. D．The process of mass extinctions.
20．What’s Anne-Christine Da Silva’s attitude towards the research finding?
A．Disapproving. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
21．Which of the following statements does Maya Elrick agree with?
A．Oxygen depletion worsened as trees evolved.
B．Tree evolution can’t necessarily reveal extinctions.
C．Plant extinction resulted from the mineral increase.
D．Phosphorus reduction occurred before tree evolution.
22．What is a suitable title for the text?
A．The Rise and Fall of the Devonian Period
B．The Role of Phosphorus in Trees’ Evolution
C．Algal Blooms Contribute to Oxygen Depletion
D．Tree Roots May Have Set Off Mass Extinctions

In her book The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, Marie Kondo makes the case that decluttering (清理杂物) can dramatically transform your life. Ridding your spaces of unused and unwanted stuff can make you happier, more confident and maybe even slimmer.
Judging by the popularity of her message and method, Kondo’s philosophy satisfies many people’s need. Yet the evidence backing the benefits of decluttering is mixed.
One 2013 study found that orderly spaces promote healthy choices but also conventional thinking, while working in a messy or disorganized space promotes creativity and new ideas. Einstein, famously, had a very untidy desk and has been quoted as saying, “If a cluttered desk is a sign of a cluttered mind, of what, then, is an empty desk a sign?”
Another study linked physical clutter (杂乱) to lower levels of life satisfaction. But one of the authors of that study says that clutter, rather than a problem in and of itself, seems to be a symptom of other problems, especially unchecked consumerism (无节制的消费). “In this society of abundance we live in, I think the idea that we have to have more makes us less satisfied with life,” says Joseph Ferrari, coauthor of the study. “It isn’t abundance that’s the problem as much as attachment to abundance.”
Other psychologists say technology may also be contributing to America’s keenness for organization. The complexity and disorderliness of life online encourages many people to seek order in their physical spaces, Dr. Dodgen Magee says. “But then you find when your room or your inbox is organized, your world hasn’t stopped being complex, ” she says. At this point, many people decide even more organizing is needed, she says. But this can lead to compulsive (难控制的) tidying and, unavoidably, a sense of failure when you just can’t keep things as neat and orderly as you’d like them to be, she explains.
“The more of a mess our internal world becomes, the more likely we are to grab onto something that gives us this sense of peace,” she says. While a little tidying can be a calming distraction, she says, it’s a temporary bandage, not a cure.
23．What do we know about Kondo’s philosophy?
A．It’s based on solid evidence. B．It involves spirit-lifting methods.
C．It’s popular with many people. D．It leads people to recycle unused stuff.
24．What does the example of Einstein serve to show?
A．An empty desk is a sign of an empty mind.
B．Orderly workspaces can bring health benefits.
C．An untidy desk can damage working efficiency.
D．Messy environments are likely to encourage creativity.
25．What does Joseph Ferrari say about physical clutter?
A．It determines people’s life satisfaction.
B．It contributes to unchecked consumerism.
C．It reflects people’s attachment to technology.
D．It arises from the desire for more possessions.
26．What can be inferred about tidying from the last two paragraphs?
A．It can lead to a feeling of frustration. B．It makes people’s world more complex.
C．It can provide lasting peace of mind. D．It works better with the help of technology.

Singapore cannot afford to have large plots of land dedicated to growing crops—it is just too small. However, farming, or more precisely, urban farming, is now a buzz word here. Instead of looking at the grounds, Singapore has decided to look skyward, towards rooftops!
In 2020, Singapore announced plans to convert the roofs of nine multi-storey car-parks in public housing areas into spaces for commercially farmed vegetables and other crops. This is part of Singapore’s strategy to meet the country’s 30 by 30 goal, which is to produce 30% of its nutritional needs locally by 2030 up from 10% in 2020.
Several companies have taken on the task of cultivating the urban farming scene in Singapore. Citiponics has made a name for itself, building water-efficient organic “growing towers” that can be used to grow anything from butterhead lettuce (奶油生菜) to sweet basil (罗勒). In April 2020, they opened the first commercial farm on the rooftop of a multi-storey car park and now sell their produce via their own brand at local supermarkets. Edible Garden City (EGC) has more than 200farms across the island and works closely with restaurants to ensure sustainable supply and demand. A 460-square-meter farm run by EGC, is positioned on the rooftop of a mall to supply nearby restaurants.
Singapore is not alone in its efforts to go beyond the confines of conventional agriculture. All over the world, cities are seeking to feed their communities with local produce. At Thammasat University located just outside of Bangkok, a formerly disused rooftop has been transformed into a 7,000-square-meter space for organic farming, the largest in Asia.
Urban farming is not restricted to eatable plants such as leafy greens and vegetables. Rooftop Honey, which has over 130 hives throughout various locations in Greater Melbourne specializes in bees. The urban beekeeping operation, founded in 2010, serves two purposes: producing creamy and delicious honey for the city’s residents while also allowing the bees to pollinate (授粉) flowers in the surrounding areas.
There are several benefits to have the farms so close to home. Through community gardens or access to commercial-scale farm produce, the public have an opportunity to understand how food is grown. As the produce is pesticide free, there is also comfort in knowing where the food comes from and its impact on the environment.
27．Why is the limited land resource in Singapore mentioned in the first paragraph?
A．To explain benefits of urban farming. B．To show the function of urban farming.
C．To introduce the result of urban farming. D．To emphasize the necessity of urban farming.
28．What does the underlined word “confines” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Strengths. B．Restrictions. C．Principles. D．Profits.
29．What can we learn about urban farming from the text?
A．Urban farming simply means growing vegetables and fruits.
B．Urban farming is a solution to farming where land is lacking.
C．Urban farming helps to increase the crop production greatly.
D．Urban farming has never been commercialized in Singapore.
30．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．A New Plan Launched in Singapore B．Singapore, the Birthplace of Urban Farming
C．Urban Farming, a Novel Pattern of Farming D．Strengths and Weaknesses of Urban Farming

As a child, I was proud of my southern origin. My own voice reflected my family’s past and present-part northern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all southern. There was no sound I loved more than my grandmother’s accent: thick, sweet, warm.
While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbol of everything I thought I hated about my life in the rural South. I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.
I met Emily in college. She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her roots. Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.
Emily is two years younger and she cared about my opinion. I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. Now, I see that it was actually about justifying my hiding part of myself.
Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. Now that I am grown and have left the South, it’s important to me.
31．What made the author want to leave her hometown?
A．Appeal of convenience in cities.
B．Her dream of becoming a writer.
C．Outside prejudice against southerners.
D．Her desire for the northern accent.
32．How did the author feel about the mistake of Emily’s mother?
A．Upset. B．Pleased. C．Ashamed. D．Surprised.
33．Why on earth did the author try to change Emily’s accent?
A．To prove herself right. B．To help Emily be a reporter.
C．To make herself influential. D．To protect Emily’s self-dignity.
34．What message does the text want to convey?
A．Stay true to your roots. B．Never do things by halves.
C．Hold on to your dreams. D．Never judge a person by his accent.

Recycling is a great way of doing your bit for the environment and helping to protect the earth’s precious resources. However, a new study has revealed that our desire to be sustainable maybe doing more harm than good. According to waste company Biffa, this is because of “wish-cycling” — assuming that items such as disposable coffee cup sand pizza boxes will be recycled if put in the recycling bin. In fact, pollution from those items or other non-recyclables can result in recyclable items that have been put in the correct bin going to landfill. David Heaton, a business director at Biffa, said: “Pollution happens when items are disposed of in the wrong bins or haven’t been cleaned before being recycled.”
Experts at Biffa analyzed the amounts of non-target and non-recyclable materials that entered UK material recycling facilities between 2016 and 2020. It was found that, in 2016, the average pollution rate of recycling waste was 13.4 percent, rising over four years to 17 percent by the end of 2020. This shows that, even as people are becoming more eco-conscious, wish-cycling is increasing both in households and businesses.
The Biffa experts say that one of the best ways to prevent pollution of recycling is to clean recyclable waste before putting it in the bin. They suggest cutting off the top of old pizza boxes and only recycling that part to avoid pollution from the grease (油脂). Check the on-packaging recycling label to check it can actually be recycled When it comes to plastics, Biffa recommends checking the resin code, the number in the plastic triangle, to know whether it should go in the recycling bin. In general, resin codes 1, 2, 4 and 5 are recyclable, while 3, 6 and 7 are not. Larger items, like electronics, furniture and batteries, can also be recycled but often can not go in household recycling bins as they need specialist separating. These will need to be taken to recycling centers or sustainable waste management companies.
“It’s vital as a nation that we get better at effective ‘pre-cycling’— sorting waste correctly before collection to reduce pollution rates,” added Mr. Heaton.
35．What’s the truth of “wish-cycling” according to the first paragraph?
A．The desire to lead a sustainable life.
B．The good intention to help recycling.
C．The habit of throwing items that end up in landfills.
D．The practice of recycling items that can not be recycled.
36．What has experts at Biffa concluded after their analysis?
A．People are becoming more eco-conscious.
B．Wish-cycling is on the rise in recent years.
C．Pollution happens less frequently in recycling facilities.
D．People are used to cleaning recyclable waste before putting it in the bin.
37．Which of the following is a proper way of recycling?
A．Dispose of electronics together with household waste.
B．Skip the step of checking the on-packaging recycling label.
C．Check the resin code of plastics to see whether it is recyclable or not.
D．Cutoff the top of old pizza box and throw the rest to the recycling bin.
38．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Recycling: a Big Project B．Wish-cycling: a New Trend
C．Wish-cycling: a Growing Concern D．Pre-cycling: an Effective Method

I was a graduate student in Manhattan having breakfast on my rooftop on Sept. 11, 2001, when I witnessed planes hit the Twin Towers. For months afterwards, I shook with anxiety every morning. Unwilling to medicate, I tried everything else. Mindfulness meditation (冥想) caused panic attacks. Hot yoga built muscle but did nothing for my anxiety. I went to talks by Buddhist monks and meditation teachers hoping to attain inner peace, but in vain. Finally, I attended a SKY Breath Meditation class, which involves a 20-minute breathing regimen (养生之道) in different postures and rhythms. Though I went in skeptical,I came out calm. Two decades later,I never missed a day of my breathing practice, not even when I gave birth.
I’ve also devoted part of my research career to studying the benefits of breathing for mental health and well-being. Seven years after 9/11, I was working with veterans returning from war with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Traditional treatments had failed many of them, so my colleagues and I ran a randomized controlled trial to test the effects of SKY breathing. Compared with the control group, veterans practicing SKY every day for one week saw their anxiety drop to levels typical of the general population.
Even though most did not continue to practice, they maintained the benefits a year later.
Emotions influence your breathing patterns, and changing your breathing can change your emotions. For example, anxiety and anger correspond to an irregular, short, fast breath. Adopting the slower and more regular breathing pattern that corresponds to a calm feeling signals relaxation by activating the vagus nerve (交感神经), slowing heart rate, easing blood pressure, and settling you down. A simple exercise you can try is to close your eyes and breathe out for twice as long as you breathe in. Do this for five minutes in the morning, before a stressful meeting or as you transit from work to home.
39．Why did the author attend the SKY Breath Meditation class?
A．To build up muscles.
B．To relieve inner anxiety.
C．To learn more about meditation.
D．To quest for religious belief.
40．How did the author test the effects of SKY breathing?
A．She worked with healthy veterans returning from war.
B．She chose victims suffering PTSD in the 9/11 incident.
C．She divided the veterans into two groups and compared results.
D．She cooperated with researchers from mindfulness meditation classes.
41．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Breathing interacts with emotions.
B．It is harmful to activate the vagus nerve.
C．Breathing out as long as you breathe in is a simple way to follow.
D．Breathing regimen should be carried out for five minutes every morning.
42．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．PTSD: more awareness needed
B．SKY: better well-being attained
C．Meditation: an effective treatment
D．Breath: detailed ways to conduct

Given how valuable intelligence and automation are, we will continue to improve our technology if we are at all able to. At a certain point, we will build machines that are smarter than we are. Once we have machines that are smarter than we are, they will begin to improve themselves. The concern is really that we will build machines that are much more competent than we are. And the slightest divergence (分歧) between their goals and our own could destroy us.
Just think about how we relate to ants. We don’t hate them. We don’t go out of our way to harm them. In fact, sometimes we take pains not to harm them. We step over them on the sidewalk. But whenever their presence seriously conflicts with one of our goals, we will kill them without hesitation. The concern is that we will one day build machines that, whether they’re conscious or not, could treat us with similar disregard.
The bare fact is that we will continue to improve our intelligent machines. We have problems that we desperately need to solve. So we will do this, if we can. The train is already out of the station, and there’s no brake to pull. If we build machines that are more intelligent than we are, they will very likely develop in ways that we can’t imagine, and transcend us in ways that we can’t imagine.
So imagine we hit upon a design of super intelligent AI that has no safety concerns. This machine would be the perfect labor-saving device. It can design the machine that can build the machine which can do any physical work, powered by sunlight, more or less for the cost of raw materials. So we’re talking bout the end of human labour. We’re also talking about the end of most intellectual work. So what would apes like ourselves do in these circumstances?
But the moment we admit that information processing is the source of intelligence, we have to admit that we are in the process of building some sort of god. Now would be a good time to make sure it’s a god we can live with.
43．Why does the author mention ants in Paragraph 2?
A．To compare intelligent machines to ants.
B．To show improved machines will get away from us.
C．To stress the presence of machines does conflict with our goals.
D．To explain future intelligent machines could treat us without mercy
44．What does the underlined word “transcend” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Disable. B．Inspire. C．Disappoint. D．Outpace.
45．How is the passage mainly developed?
A．By making comparisons.
B．By giving assumptions.
C．By showing valid evidence.
D．By analyzing statistics
46．Which of the following statements can best summarize the author’s viewpoint towards Al?
A．Human beings will no doubt be destroyed by AI in the future
B．Super intelligent AI will put an end to human labour eventually.
C．We should keep the development of AI within humans’ control.
D．Human beings should stop the development of super intelligent AL.

Lizards that once resided in forests but now hang around urban areas of Puerto Rico have genetically morphed (变化) to survive life in the city, researchers have found.
The Puerto Rican crested anole, a brown lizard with a bright orange throat fan, has sprouted special scales (鳞片) to better cling to smooth surfaces such as walls and windows, scientists say. “We are watching evolution as it’s unfolding,” said Kristin Winchel, a biology professor. As urbanization intensifies around the world, it’s important to understand how organisms adapt and humans can design cities in ways that support all species, Winchell said.
The study analyzed 96 Anolis lizards, comparing the genetic makeup of forest-dwellers to those living in Puerto Rico’s capital. Scientists found that 33 genes within the lizard genome were repeatedly associated with urbanization.
“You can hardly get closer to a smoking gun,” said Wouter Halfwerk, an evolutionary ecologist who was not involved in the study. He said he was impressed that the scientists were able to detect such a clear genomic signature of adaptation: “The ultimate goal within the field of urban adaptive evolution is to find evidence for heritable traits and their genomic architecture.”
The changes in these lizards, whose life spans are roughly seven years, can occur quickly, within 30 to 80 generations, enabling them to escape from predators and survive in urban areas, Winchell added. The larger limbs, for example, enable them to run more quickly across a hot parking lot, and the special scales to hold onto surfaces far more smooth than trees.
The study focused on adult male lizards, so it’s unclear whether females are changing in the same way or at the same rate as males, and at which point in a lizard’s life the changes are occurring. Halfwerk, whose own research showed how one frog species changed its mating call in urban areas, said scientists should look next for possible constraints (限制) on the evolutionary response and how morphology relates to mating behavior.
47．What do researchers find about lizards in the study?
A．Lizards evolve to adapt to the human cities.
B．Lizards are not capable of surviving in the urban areas.
C．Lizards have a negative impact on smooth surfaces of modern buildings.
D．Lizards no longer have natural habitat in forests as a result of urbanization
48．How did the researchers conduct the study?
A．By analyzing previous research data.
B．By comparing different lizard species.
C．By citing the famous scientists’ words.
D．By studying Anolis lizards in urban and natural areas.
49．What was Wouter Halfwerk’s attitude towards the study?
A．Favorable. B．Tolerant. C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.
50．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．All frog species have changed its mating call in urban areas.
B．Only adult male lizards evolve to have larger limbs and special scales.
C．Halfwerk will continue to study how morphology relates to mating behavior
D．The future study might focus on the limitations on the evolutionary response.

International Dinner Returns this Saturday，November 5- -Get your tickets here!AMHS International Dinner FAQs
Saturday, November5, 6-8 pm
What is this event?
International dinner is a celebration of culture and diversity within the Magnet community, complete with entertainment from some of Magnet’s talented musicians thanks to Mr. Grimshaw!
Who can participate?
Made for all to at tend as a community building event.
What does the canteen provide?
The canteen provides the tables, plateware, chafing dishes (保暖锅), serving pans, drinks and gloves. $ 75.00 will be offered per table to help offset (补偿) food costs.
What do I (or my team) have to provide?
The table for each country (which can be one person or a few people working together) will have to pick a country and provide 2-4 dishes from that country. The dishes should each be made to serve 150 small sample size portions. The pans provided will fit neatly into chafing dishes. Please also bring your own serving containers and any decorations that might enhance the table. Examples would be tablecloths from the country or a small flag from the represented country.
When do I bring the food?
The food should be brought hot (if to be served hot) the night of between 4: 45-5 :00 pm.
Who can volunteer?
Anyone can volunteer- students, parents, supporters. Students can volunteer and will be used as servers and clean up the night of and for set up on Friday, November 4 (3:45-5:30 pm). Our biggest need is for people to take a table and bring food for that table. Sign up here.
What is the ticket price?
Ticket price is $ 15.00 per person or $ 40. 00 for a family.
Questions? email amhsinternationaldinnergmail.com
AMHS= Academic Magnet High School    FAQs= frequently asked questions
51．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A food magazine. B．A service brochure.
C．A wanted poster. D．A school’s official website.
52．What is the purpose of the event?
A．To celebrate the community holiday.
B．To raise money for charity.
C．To strengthen the community bond.
D．To promote voluntary work.
53．How can a student become a volunteer?
A．By paying $15.00 for the ticket.
B．By clicking a link to apply for it.
C．By serving dishes and decorating the table.
D．By emailing amhsinternationaldinnergmail.com.

Solar farms offer one way to meet the world’s decarbonization targets, but they could also be used to deal with another of the planet’s big problems: loss of biodiversity. The approach is starting to take off. Residents of Barnsdale, for example, will soon play host to a new solar farm lined with grass field of wildflowers and native grasses, which Banks Group, the developer, says will promote pollinating insects.
The idea comes from the combination of two long-term trends: declining numbers of pollinating insects and the growing amount of land distributed to solar farms. According to the Center for Biological Diversity in Arizona, more than 40 percent of insect pollinators globally are listed as “highly threatened”—an issue that could seriously threaten food security. Meanwhile, solar-energy competence has been increasing. Matthew O’Neal, a scientist at Iowa State University, would like to see more solar developers seize this opportunity.
The benefits of such projects don’t stop at the insects. Research from Yale’s Center for Business and the Environment indicates that pollinator-friendly solar farms can raise crop output on nearby farmland, increase the recharging of groundwater and reduce soil erosion. In 2018, a US Department of Energy study found that if all existing and planned solar facilities near soybean and cranberry crops included pollinator home and increased output by just one percent, annual crop values could rise by US $1.75 million, US $4 million and US $233,000, respectively.
“Farmers could identify unprofitable areas, such as poor, highly erodible lands, as candidates for a pollinator-friendly solar farm. There’s the potential to increase their net income with pollinator motivation projects,” says O’Neal.
With enough forward thinking, these studies show, clean energy can provide new environmental opportunities. “We’re at a turning point with energy production and we’re seeing more opportunities to provide extra benefits that wouldn’t have been considered with older methods of energy generation,” says O’Neal. “You never heard of a coal mine planning pollinator conservation.”
54．What can be an additional function of solar farms according to paragraph 1?
A．Adding the amount of farmland. B．Addressing the decline of biodiversity.
C．Improving the solar-energy competence. D．Increasing the amount of profitable areas.
55．What does O’Neal probably advise farmers to do?
A．Reduce the size of their farms.
B．Live away from pollinator-friendly solar farms.
C．Grow their crops near areas rich in groundwater.
D．Make full use of soil erosion areas to make extra profits.
56．What is O’Neal’s attitude towards the solar farm?
A．Supportive. B．Conservative. C．Skeptical. D．Uncertain.
57．What is the best title for the text?
A．Solar Power Is Starting to Take Off
B．Solar Energy Will Be in Urgent Need
C．Solar Farms Can Deal with the Loss of Biodiversity
D．Solar Farms Need to Expand the Amount of Farmland

Saying farewell to someone you love, even for a night, can be difficult, much less saying goodbye for a lifetime or forever in death. Juliet bid Romeo adieu (再见) for the evening with the words, “Parting is such sweet sorrow.” Sweet sorrow is an oxymoron. But this seeming contradiction is true in the context of relationships.
Relationships are based on feelings, emotions, and passion. Deep friendships and loving relationships are measured by the level of emotional attachment. Emotions intensify over time. People spend time with the people they like. The more one person likes another person, the closer the relationship becomes. Each person in the relationship receives an emotional benefit from knowing the other person.
Saying goodbye means separating from the people who make up a significant part of your emotional identity. Separation, even a temporary absence, from the people you have a deep emotional connection with can cause sorrow because you will no longer be able to enjoy their company.
The sweet side of saying goodbye is the emotional fulfillment of being in a close relationship. The time spent together is emotionally rewarding, especially if that person is seen as a soulmate. Humans are social beings. We seek the love and comfort of other people. Loneliness devastates the human condition and leads to sadness. Sad people will do anything they can to find fulfilling relationships. Likewise, happy people will do anything they can to maintain or enhance relationships. Herein lies the essential point of the emotional problem.
The more intense relationships become, the more devastating the emotional loss that is felt upon separation. The exhilaration of relationships cannot be truly measured without experiencing the overwhelming loss of a deep emotional connection.
Enjoy the company of the person you are with as long as you can; knowing the pain you will feel at the end of the relationship is the true measure of the relationship. If it doesn’t hurt to say goodbye, perhaps it wasn’t worth saying hello.
58．Which of the word group can create the same effect as “sweet sorrow”?
A．icy cold B．clicking sound C．deafening silence D．endless speech
59．What can we learn from paragraph 3?
A．Saying goodbye is unavoidable in our daily life.
B．The companion of close friends can lessen sorrow.
C．A person’s identity is connected with relationship.
D．Separation is the sorrowful part of saying goodbye.
60．What gives a person emotional satisfaction in social life?
A．Making more communication with others.
B．Building deep emotional connections with others.
C．Comforting friends with love and intense feelings.
D．Being a thoughtful person by standing in others’ shoes.
61．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Sweet sorrow is very common in close relationships.
B．The pain of separation is the measure of relationships.
C．Human beings are eager to get emotional fulfillment.
D．Happiness is meaningless without sadness to compare it.

The title of psychiatrist Anna Lembke’s book, Dopamine Nation: Finding Balance in the Age of Indulgence, refers to the crucial yet destructive role that dopamine (多巴胺) plays in modern society.
Dopamine, the main chemical involved in addiction, is secreted from nerve tracts (神经束) in the brain following a rewarding experience such as finding food, clothing or shelter. Nature has designed our brains to feel pleasure when these experiences happen because they increase our odds of survival.
But the days when our species struggled for survival are over. Dopamine Nation explains how modern life has made us vulnerable to dopamine related addiction. Today, social media is often the addictive substance of choice.
Lembke found that feel-good substances and behaviors increase dopamine release. The brain responds by decreasing overall dopamine transmission. Repeated exposure to similar stimuli creates a chronic dopamine shortage state, wherein we’re less able to experience pleasure. There are two risk factors for addiction: easy access and speedy reward. The smartphone is like a heroin (海洛因) needle, delivering digital dopamine for a wired generation. It delivers images to our visual cortex (大脑皮层) that are tough to resist. Social-media apps like TikTok cause the release of large amounts of dopamine, just like heroin, making us vulnerable to overconsumption.
Our brains cannot process the comparisons the virtual world demands. We can become overwhelmed by our inability to measure up to “perfect” people who exist only in the Matrix, and may sink into depression. Social media often feels good while we’re using it, but horrible when we stop.
Luckily, there is an antidote: a timeout—at least for a day. However, more time is needed away from our drug of choice, whether it’s heroin or Instagram. A monthlong dopamine fast will decrease the anxiety that social media causes, and enhance our ability to enjoy more modest rewards again.
62．What’ s the function of dopamine in human’s struggle to survive?
A．To enrich people’s daily necessities like shelter.
B．To reveal the truth of humans’ brain nerve tracts.
C．To reduce the possibility of the addition to dopamine.
D．To maximize the chance of survival with positive emotion.
63．What may be the result of smartphone addiction according to the passage?
A．Visual reaction will slow down.
B．Negative emotion will take place.
C．Dopamine release will be interrupted.
D．The brain will consume more energy.
64．What does the underlined word “antidote” probably mean in the last paragraph?
A．cure B．expectation C．consequence D．reference
65．What may be the best title of the passage?
A．Lembke’s Book- A Big Hit?
B．Brain- Adapted or Declining?
C．Dopamine- Balance of This Age?
D．Social Media—Modern Day Heroin?

Designers are increasingly using different kinds of materials to produce products that do not harm the environment. Reused plastic bottles, wood, plant fiber, and even seaweed are being used in place of traditional materials for household goods and clothing.
Unusual materials
Nina Edwards Anker’s candleholder and ceiling lamp look like ancient pieces of paper placed around electronic lights known as LEDs. But a closer look shows that they are made of algae (藻类). Anker came up with the idea while working on a doctoral research project at the Oslo School of Architecture and Design.
A show for new materials in Germany
Heimtextil is an international trade show, or fair, for new textiles in Frankfurt, Germany. This year’ fair placed attention on making new products that came from reused materials.
“We’ll see companies demonstrating how inorganic materials like nylon, plastic and metal can be reused,” Olaf Schmidt, Heimtextil’s vice president of textiles and textile technology, said.
He added, “And there’s seaweed, used to produce sound pad and panels that provided great insulation (隔音), are fire-resistant and regulate humidity (湿度) well.”
Many companies using other materials
Patagonia, North Face and Timberland are among the companies now using natural materials to produce goods. Italian company Frumat has developed a plant-based leather made from the waste created by apple juice makers. Pinatex helps support farms in the Philippines by using waste from the pineapple harvest to create material that is sold to makers of shoes, clothing and other products.
66．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A science report.
B．A personal diary.
C．An environment journal.
D．An academic article.
67．What is not the new function of seaweed as a new material?
A．Insulating the sound.
B．Making ceiling lamps.
C．Adjusting wetness.
D．Preventing fires.
68．How many companies now using waste to produce goods are mentioned?
A．2 B．3 C．4 D．5

My head was so full of digital noise that it felt like my brain was about to blow a fuse (导火线). I had no greater power of concentration than the lifeless stare of a goldfish. As a writer, I was ashamed to admit that my love of books had been compromised by a brain that simply could not sit still.
So, this year I committed myself to restoring books to the place that they held in my life before the Internet broke my brain.
My goal was 52 books: It seemed like an impossible task. A 400-page book will take the average person around eight hours to read. Finding the time to read was a challenge but here’s how I did it. Firstly, I decided to treat my mind like a misbehaving child who needs some rules laid down. Then I decided that I would read for an hour or two at a time without distraction each day. It was something I hadn’t done in years and it was scary how difficult it was.
In his book, The Distracted Mind, Larry Rosen says that the more we practice spending time away from our electronic devices, the calmer and more focused we become. And this is what I found. Again and again, I would gently bring myself back to the page, resisting the urge to reach for that screen. I took inspiration from Nikki Gemmell, who describes in On Quiet, how investing in a safe to lock away her family’s devices for long periods had opened up a space for deep reflection. For me, finding that quiet time meant finding time in my day just to read. It was like a date between me and my book. And it meant actively choosing to read at times when I normally would reach for my phone. I read on the tram, at the park, in bed at night and on lunch breaks.
By reawakening my love with books I created a sacred space where I could press pause and found inspiration, knowledge, reflection and escape. In our modern world, reading is a powerful and beneficial way for us to slow down and be ourselves.
69．What does the underlined word “compromised” mean in the first paragraph?
A．Rejected. B．Disturbed. C．Weakened. D．Removed.
70．What was the first thing the author did to achieve the goal?
A．The author went to the bookstore to buy books.
B．The author was determined to make rules for himself.
C．The author was buried in reading for an hour or two at once
D．The author decided to get involved in reading with people around.
71．What can we infer about the author?
A．The author benefited a lot from reading books.
B．The author got inspiration when he reached for the screen
C．The author would rather read books outdoors than indoors
D．The author was reminded to kill time with electronic devices.
72．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Falling in love with reading
B．Resisting the urge to reach for the screen
C．Going back to the books
D．Escaping from the noisy world in reading

One Chinese startup has apparently developed technology that allows it to identify individuals by their walk, even if their face is covered or they have their back to the camera.
Known as “gait recognition”, the technology invented by artificial intelligence startup Watrix analyses thousands of metrics (指标) about a person’s walk, from their body shape and the angle of arm movement to their posture and whether they have a toe-in or toe-out gait. All these individual features go into database that the software then goes through when attempting to identify people. According to an official statement from Watrix, the accuracy rate of gait technology at the laboratory level exceeds 96 percent.
Facial recognition technology has come a long way in recent years, but it still has a fundamental weakness — it needs to “see” people’s faces in order to identify them, so if someone’s face is covered their back is to the camera, it’s basically useless. Gait recognition, on the other hand, is much more reliable works from virtually any angle, and because it analyses so many metrics, it can identify subjects even if attempt to cover their legs. Disguises or fake limps are not very effective in fooling the technology either.
“Covering your legs would reduce the recognition score but we analyse all of a person’s body,” Huang Yongzhen, co-founder and chief executive of Watrix, said in an interview. “With facial recognition probably need to look into a camera-cooperation is not needed for them to be recognized by our technology.”
Watrix revealed the first version of their gait recognition technology in October of last year and since been in talks with security companies from Singapore, India, Russia, the Netherlands and Czech Republic for contracts. The technology has also been tested by public security officials for thousands of hours and used to solve dozens of police cases. Authorities in Shanghai and Beijing are already using recognition to detect wanted criminals and identify jaywalkers (乱穿马路的人).
The current version of gait recognition software isn’t yet capable of detecting people in real time the Chinese startup claims that it’s able to analyze an hour’s worth of video footage in just 10 minutes over 94% accuracy.
73．How could Watrix guarantee the accuracy of “gait recognition”?
A．By checking the angle of people’s arm movement.
B．By combining facial recognition with people’s walk.
C．By setting up a database of numerous individuals’ metrics.
D．By analyzing thousands of features of people’s legs and toes.
74．What advantage does gait technology have over facial recognition?
A．Unlimited angles. B．Free gestures.
C．No need to cover. D．Active cooperation.
75．What can we learn from the fifth paragraph?
A．Watris has found several cooperative partners for its first version.
B．Gait recognition has been widely used in the field of public security.
C．Watrix is trying to extend the use of the technology in Chinese big cities.
D．Gait technology has been proved beneficial in identifying wanted criminals.
76．Which of the following can best describe the future of the technology?
A．Challenging. B．Promising. C．Profitable. D．Unknown.











参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了ChatGPT的出现，市场反应，并对它的优点及弊端进行分析。
1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (a method of transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning (监督和强化学习). (ChatGPT会记住你对话的线索，使用之前的问题和答案来告知它的下一个回答。它从互联网上的海量信息中获得答案。ChatGPT建立在OpenAI GPT-3家族的大型语言模型之上，并使用监督学习和强化学习进行了微调)”可知，本段描述了ChatGPT的操作使用，告诉我们它的工作原理。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“A few days after its launch, more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January, accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years. (ChatGPT上线几天后，就有超过100万人在试用。UBS分析师Lloyd Walmsley在2023年2月估计，ChatGPT在1月份的月用户数达到了1亿，只用了两个月的时间，就完成了TikTok大约9个月和Instagram两年半的任务)”可知，本段所列数字显示ChatGPT非常受欢迎。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“As of Feb. 1, 2023, OpenAI has aChatGPT pro plan, ChatGPT Plus, which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month. (截至2023年2月1日，OpenAI推出了aChatGPT专业计划ChatGPT Plus，允许用户在高峰时段也能进行一般访问。这项服务的费用是每月20美元)”可知，ChatGPT Plus的目的是在高峰时段给予用户优先访问权。故选D项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day. (由于它的编程，ChatGPT的知识有限，但谷歌有无限的知识，每天都在更新)”可知，与谷歌相比，ChatGPT局限性是基于有限的数据进行操作。故选A项。
5．C 6．B 7．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种有益于心理健康的植物。
5．细节理解题。根据Snake Plant部分中的“It grows in spaces with low sunlight, has visual appeal and cleans the air. (它生长在低阳光的空间，具有视觉吸引力和清洁的空气。)”和Pothos部分中的“They clean the air and look beautiful hanging down a bookcase or shelf. (它们能净化空气，挂在书架上看起来很漂亮。)”可知，Snake Plant和Pothos的共同之处是它们都能净化空气，故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据Lavender部分中的“Well known for its relaxing smell, Lavender has a calming effect, aids in reducing stress, promotes sleep and specially has anti-inflammatory (抗炎的) effects when used as a medicine for skin. (Lavender以其令人放松的气味而闻名，它具有镇静作用，帮助减轻压力，促进睡眠，特别是当用作皮肤药物时具有抗炎作用。)”可知，Lavender的特别之处是抗炎症。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据Basil部分中的“Eating Basil has health benefits too. It has properties that help to relieve stress and anxiety, and eating it can clear your mind. (吃Basil也有益健康。它有帮助缓解压力和焦虑的特性，吃它可以使你的头脑清醒。)”可知，Basil是能吃的，且对身体有益，所以如果你是个厨师，Basil可能出现在你的菜单上，故选A。
8．B 9．D 10．D

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了今年食品与营养大会和博览会（FNCE）的一些新增内容。
8．细节理解题。根据Extra Networking Event.部分中的“You asked for more networking opportunities, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics listened! Immediately following Opening Session on Saturday, October 26, from 6p. m. to 7p.m., there will be a special networking opportunity in the Grand Hall of the Pennsylvania Convention Center. (你要求更多的人际交往机会，营养与营养学会听从了你的要求！紧接着10月26日星期六的开幕式，从下午6点开始到下午7点。在费城会议中心大厅将有一个特别的交流机会)”可知，在费城会议中心大厅你可以找到交流的机会。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据More Learning Styles. 部分中的“The Conversation Series in Room 114 Lecture Hall will feature in-depth one-on-one conversations with experts, leaders and innovators on topics including leadership, emerging technologies and more. (114演讲厅的对话系列将与专家、领导者和创新者就领导力、新兴技术等话题进行深入的一对一对话)”可知，对话系列为你提供了一个与专家直接交谈的机会。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据第一段中“From inspirational keynote sessions to hot topics and networking events, everything you know and love about the Food & Nutrition Conference & Expo (FNCE) is included in this year’s program — plus these amazing new additions!(从鼓舞人心的主题演讲到热门话题和社交活动，你所知道和喜爱的关于食品与营养大会和博览会（FNCE）的一切都包括在今年的活动中——还有这些令人惊叹的新增内容！)”可知，文章主要介绍了今年食品与营养大会和博览会（FNCE）的一些新增内容。由此推知，文章的目的是吸引更多人参加2023年的FNCE。故选D。
11．B 12．A 13．A 14．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了25岁的Policano发起了Invisible Hands Deliver组织，与志愿者一起帮助老年人和其他处境危险的个人购买食品和处方药等，使人们在疫情期间与他人得以保持安全距离。
11．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Unexpectedly, many responded to her post, expressing their interest to volunteer as well.  As a result of that outreach, one of her friends, Liam Elkind joined Policano. They decided to start an initiative called Invisible Hands Deliver.(出乎意料的是，许多人回复了她的帖子，表达了他们对志愿者的兴趣。作为这次拓展的结果，她的一个朋友，Liam Elkind加入了Policano。他们决定发起一项名为Invisible Hands Deliver的组织。)”可推知，Simone Policano建立Invisible Hands Deliver的目的是把志同道合的志愿者聚集在一起。故选B。
12．词句猜测题。根据画线短语所在句子“As the pandemic began to take its toll on New York in March 2020, Invisible Hands Deliver witnessed a massive outpouring of support from like-minded individuals in the community. (2020年3月，随着大流行病开始在纽约take its toll，Invisible Hands Deliver组织目睹了社区中志同道合者的大力支持。)”可知，疫情期间社区中志同道合的人们伸出援助之手，大力支持社区的人们，这说明疫情造成了巨大损失，需要大力支持，由此可推知，画线短语“take its toll”意为“造成很大损失”，故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Their acts of kindness have also inspired similar networks to sprout up worldwide. Invisible Hands Deliver is also supported by other organizations. (他们的善举也激发了类似的网络在世界范围内萌芽。其他组织也支持“无形之手传递”组织。)”可知，Invisible Hands Deliver组织已经引起了广泛的关注。故选A。
14．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Helmed by a team of college students and recent graduates, Invisible Hands Deliver has shown that one is never too young to make a difference and give back to the community.(在一群大学生和刚毕业的大学生的帮助下，Invisible Hands Deliver已经表明，一个人要想有所作为，回馈社会，多年轻都可以。)”可知，Invisible Hands Deliver组织由一群大学生和刚毕业的大学生组织，来帮助老年人和其他处境危险的个人购买食品和处方药等，使人们在疫情期间与他人得以保持安全距离。这说明团结的力量很大，由此可知，作者想通过这篇文章传达B项“众人拾柴火焰高”，故选B。


15．C 16．B 17．C 18．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了户外运动的好处。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段“Many of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are already well established. Our brains evolved in natural landscapes, and our perceptual(感知的)systems are particularly well suited to wild outdoor spaces.(户外运动的许多心理益处已经确立。我们的大脑是在自然环境中进化而来的，我们的感知系统特别适合野外的环境)”可推知，第一段主要为了显示出户外运动公认的好处。故选C。
16．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Supporting this theory, one study found that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were better able to concentrate following a 20-minute walk in the park, compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept urban area. Being exposed to grass and trees seemed to have had a beneficial effect on their minds. (为了支持这一理论，一项研究发现，患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的儿童，在公园散步20分钟后要比在一个保持良好的城市地区的街道上散步能够更好地集中注意力。暴露在草地和树木中似乎对他们的思想有益。)”可知，作者通过比较不同环境下的行走，来表明自然景色能够提供完美的刺激，故选B。

17．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Such activities — away from the house or classroom — may also help children to find ways to cope with emotions that maybe hard to explore in other environments. So-called “sand tray therapy”, which involves using sand and clay to express one’s thoughts and feelings, is an accepted form of counselling for children who are struggling to verbal is e their emotional state.(所谓的“沙盘疗法”，是用沙子和粘土来表达一个人的想法和感受，这是一种辅导那些难以说出自己情绪状态的孩子的可接受的形式。)”可知，沙盘疗法的好处是孩子能用沙子来表达自己的想法，故选C。
18．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“The latest findings, however, suggest there could be a host of other advantages to playing in natural environments — and the secret maybe alive in the mud itself.(然而，最新的研究结果表明，在自然环境中游戏可能还有其他许多优势——秘密可能存在于泥浆中。)”可知，最新的研究结果表明，在自然环境中游戏可能还有其他许多优势，破折号是用来解释说明前文的，由此可推知，作者说“秘密可能存在于泥浆中”这句话是在说户外运动会带来意想不到的好处。故选A。


19．D 20．B 21．B 22．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍最近一项研究发现泥盆纪树木根的进化可能导致了大规模的物种灭绝。
19．主旨大意题。根据第二段“As land plants diversified, “they started to grow more complex root systems that were able to reach farther down to grab water,”says U. S. Naval Academy oceanographer Mathew Smart, lead author of the new study in the Geological Society of American Bulletin. Deep tree roots drew crucial minerals such as phosphorus (磷) out of the bedrock and then eventually decayed, forming mineral-rich soil. Periodically, large quantities of this soil were washed into the seas and lakes-where the sudden phosphorus inflow caused harmful algal blooms (藻华) that pulled oxygen from the waters below. Then came a series of large-scale extinctions. (美国海军学院海洋学家Mathew Smart是《美国地质学会公报》上这项新研究的主要作者，他说，随着陆地植物的多样化，“它们开始生长更复杂的根系，能够延伸到更远的地方取水”。深深的树根吸收了磷等重要矿物质然后最终腐烂，形成富含矿物质的土壤。周期性地，大量的这种土壤被冲入海洋和湖泊，在那里，磷的突然流入导致了有害的藻华从下面的水中抽取氧气。随后发生了一系列大规模的物种灭绝)”可知，本段主要介绍了一系列大规模的物种灭绝的过程。故选D。
20．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““We’ve been working on the Devonian for a long time, and we have been thinking that these cycles have occurred, but we couldn’t really explain it,” says Anne-Christine Da Silva, a sedimentologist at the University of Liège in Belgium. “This paper could bring an explanation.” (“我们研究泥盆纪已经很长时间了，我们一直认为这些循环已经发生，但我们无法真正解释它，”比利时列日大学的沉积学家Anne Christine Da Silva说。“这篇论文可能会给出一个解释。”)”推知，Anne-Christine Da Silva对研究发现持支持态度。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“University of New Mexico planetary scientist Maya Elrick, who was also not involved in the study, says that while the oxygen depletion incidents coincided with extinctions, it is unclear how much of a role tree roots played. Phosphorus levels did gradually decrease overall as trees evolved, but she says this reduction may have already been occurring: “If it’s a trend that was happening prior, you can’t blame it on the plants.” (新墨西哥大学行星科学家Maya Elrick也没有参与这项研究，她说，虽然氧气耗尽事件与物种灭绝同时发生，但目前尚不清楚树根在多大程度上发挥了作用。随着树木的进化，磷水平确实总体上逐渐下降，但她说这种下降可能已经发生了：“如果这是以前发生的趋势，你不能把它归咎于植物。”)”可知，Maya Elrick认为树木进化不一定能揭示物种灭绝，因为磷的下降可能之前就已经存在了，不能完全归结于植物。故选B。
22．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段的“New research shows how tree evolution could have contributed to these extinction events. (新的研究表明，树木的进化可能导致了这些灭绝事件)”和第二段“As land plants diversified, “they started to grow more complex root systems that were able to reach farther down to grab water,”says U. S. Naval Academy oceanographer Mathew Smart, lead author of the new study in the Geological Society of American Bulletin. Deep tree roots drew crucial minerals such as phosphorus (磷) out of the bedrock and then eventually decayed, forming mineral-rich soil. Periodically, large quantities of this soil were washed into the seas and lakes-where the sudden phosphorus inflow caused harmful algal blooms (藻华) that pulled oxygen from the waters below. Then came a series of large-scale extinctions. (美国海军学院海洋学家Mathew Smart是《美国地质学会公报》上这项新研究的主要作者，他说，随着陆地植物的多样化，“它们开始生长更复杂的根系，能够延伸到更远的地方取水”。深深的树根吸收了磷等重要矿物质然后最终腐烂，形成富含矿物质的土壤。周期性地，大量的这种土壤被冲入海洋和湖泊，在那里，磷的突然流入导致了有害的藻华从下面的水中抽取氧气。随后发生了一系列大规模的物种灭绝)”可知，本文介绍树木的进化导致它们的根可以伸到很远地方取水，树根腐烂后形成富含磷的土壤，这些土壤被冲进海洋和湖泊后导致有害的藻华的大量繁殖，进而大量消耗氧气，最终导致海洋中大量物种灭绝。故D项“树根可能引发大规模灭绝”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
23．C 24．D 25．D 26．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了虽然很多人追求通过整理来改变生活，但相关研究表明整理实际上有好有坏，有序的空间能促进健康的选择，但也可能会限制创造性的思维，杂乱反映了人们对于富足的依恋的问题，但是整理不能从根本上解决人们内心世界的混乱。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Judging by the popularity of her message and method, Kondo’s philosophy satisfies many people’s need.（从她的想法和方法的受欢迎程度来看，Kondo的哲学满足了许多人的需求。）”可知，Kondo的哲学受到很多人的欢迎。故选C项。
24．推理判断题。根据第三段“One 2013 study found that orderly spaces promote healthy choices but also conventional thinking, while working in a messy or disorganized space promotes creativity and new ideas. Einstein, famously, had a very untidy desk and has been quoted as saying, “If a cluttered desk is a sign of a cluttered mind, of what, then, is an empty desk a sign?”（2013年的一项研究发现，有序的空间会促进健康的选择，但也会促进传统思维，而在凌乱或杂乱无章的空间中工作，则会促进创造力和新想法。众所周知，爱因斯坦有一张非常凌乱的桌子，有人引用他的话说：“如果凌乱的桌子是凌乱的大脑的标志，那么空桌子是什么标志呢?”）”可推知，这里用桌子凌乱但拥有巨大创造力的爱因斯坦的例子是为了佐证前面的观点：凌乱的环境有可能促进创造力。故选D项。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段中““In this society of abundance we live in, I think the idea that we have to have more makes us less satisfied with life,” says Joseph Ferrari, coauthor of the study. “It isn’t abundance that’s the problem as much as attachment to abundance.”（该研究的共同作者Joseph Ferrari说：“在我们生活的这个富足的社会里，我认为我们必须拥有更多的想法会让我们对生活不满意。问题不在于富足，而在于对富足的依恋。”）”可知，Joseph Ferrari认为物理上的杂乱源于人们内心对于富足的依恋，人们渴望拥有更多东西。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后两段，尤其是倒数第二段中“But this can lead to compulsive (难控制的) tidying and, unavoidably, a sense of failure when you just can’t keep things as neat and orderly as you’d like them to be, she explains.（但这可能会导致强迫性的整理，当你不能像你希望的那样保持东西整洁有序时，不可避免地会有一种失败感，她解释说。）”可知，科技给世界增加的复杂和无序会引起人们渴望整理，让自己的世界不再复杂，但是这种渴望太过强烈的时候反而容易引起失落，因为有时候事与愿违。由此可知，整理可能会导致挫败感。故选A项。
27．D 28．B 29．B 30．C

【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍一种新型的农业模式——都市农业。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Singapore cannot afford to have large plots of land dedicated to growing crops—it is just too small. However, farming, or more precisely, urban farming, is now a buzz word here. Instead of looking at the grounds, Singapore has decided to look skyward, towards rooftops!(新加坡不能拥有大片的土地专门用于种植农作物——它实在是太小了。然而，农业，或者更准确地说，城市农业，现在在这里是一个流行词。新加坡不再看地面，而是决定看向天空，看向屋顶!)”可推断，提到新加坡有限的土地资源是为了强调城市农业的必要性。故选D。
28．词义猜测题。根据下文“All over the world, cities are seeking to feed their communities with local produce. At Thammasat University located just outside of Bangkok, a formerly disused rooftop has been transformed into a 7,000-square-meter space for organic farming, the largest in Asia.( 在世界各地，城市都在寻求用当地农产品养活社区。在泰国国立法政大学(Thammasat University)，一个以前被废弃的屋顶被改造成一个7000平方米的有机农业空间，这是亚洲最大的有机农业空间。)”可知，世界其他地区也在寻求城市农业空间，因此推断新加坡并不是唯一一个努力超越传统农业局限的国家。划线词与B项“限制”意思相近。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“There are several benefits to have the farms so close to home. Through community gardens or access to commercial-scale farm produce, the public have an opportunity to understand how food is grown. As the produce is pesticide free, there is also comfort in knowing where the food comes from and its impact on the environment.( 把农场建在离家这么近的地方有几个好处。通过社区花园或商业规模的农产品，公众有机会了解食物是如何种植的。由于这些产品不含农药，人们知道这些食物的来源及其对环境的影响也让人感到欣慰。)”可推动，城市农业对于解决土地缺乏是好的解决办法。故选B。
30．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Instead of looking at the grounds, Singapore has decided to look skyward, towards rooftops!( 新加坡不再看地面，而是决定看向天空，看向屋顶!)”，第三段的“Several companies have taken on the task of cultivating the urban farming scene in Singapore.( 几家公司已经承担了在新加坡培育城市农业的任务。)”以及全文内容可知，本文以新加坡的城市农业为例，介绍了一种新型的农业模式——城市农业，并分析了其好处。因此推断C项“都市农业:一种新型的农业模式”为最佳标题。故选C。
31．C 32．B 33．A 34．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段的“While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被认为是没有文化和无知的。我准备离开我在西田纳西州的小镇，开始新的生活，并在一些遥远的城市抓住大好机会)”可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.(在我们的友谊之初，她妈妈问我来自哪里，以为是北方的某个地方。然后我觉得我的努力得到了回报，甚至想忽略这个错误)”推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据第二段的“I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. (我担心这会使我失去成为著名杂志作家的资格。我就得少说些“乡村”了。所以我抹杀了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours(她决心为校报工作，而我醒着的大部分时间都在那里度过的)”以及倒数第二段的“I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. (我建议她更像我，隐藏她标志性的曼彻斯特口音。在我们的大学生活中，我经常通过取笑她的元音来强调这一点。我告诉自己，我是在帮她实现当记者的梦想)”可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。故选A。
34．推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段的“I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.(我很惭愧，但我更惭愧的是我试图抹杀别人的那部分——改变艾米丽的口音)”和最后一段“Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. (卡罗琳奶奶过去常对我说：“女孩，别忘了你来自哪里。”现在我真的明白了。许多事情已经从记忆中消失了，但这件事却以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的脑海中)”可知，文章想要传达的信息是：坚守本根。故选A。
35．B 36．B 37．C 38．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“希望循环”所带来的问题，同时文章就如何正确回收提出建议。
35．推理判断题。根据第一段中“However, a new study has revealed that our desire to be sustainable maybe doing more harm than good.(然而，一项新的研究表明，我们对可持续发展的渴望可能弊大于利)”和“this is because of “wish-cycling” — assuming that items such as disposable coffee cup sand pizza boxes will be recycled if put in the recycling bin. (这是因为“希望循环”——认为一次性咖啡杯和比萨饼盒等物品如果放入回收箱就会被回收)”可知，“希望循环”的真相是人们认为把垃圾扔进回收箱就会被回收。由此可推知，这是一种帮助回收利用的好意。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段中“This shows that, even as people are becoming more eco-conscious, wish-cycling is increasing both in households and businesses.(这表明，尽管人们越来越注重环保，但在家庭和企业中，“希望循环”的数量都在增加)”可知，近年来，“希望循环”的数量正在不断增加。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段中“When it comes to plastics, Biffa recommends checking the resin code, the number in the plastic triangle, to know whether it should go in the recycling bin. (当谈到塑料时，Biffa建议检查树脂代码，即塑料三角形中的数字，以了解它是否应该放入回收箱)”可知，检查塑料的树脂代码，看看它是否可回收，这是合适的回收方法，故选C。
38．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“However, a new study has revealed that our desire to be sustainable maybe doing more harm than good. According to waste company Biffa, this is because of “wish-cycling” — assuming that items such as disposable coffee cup sand pizza boxes will be recycled if put in the recycling bin. In fact, pollution from those items or other non-recyclables can result in recyclable items that have been put in the correct bin going to landfill. (然而，一项新的研究表明，我们对可持续发展的渴望可能弊大于利。据废品处理公司 Biffa 称，这是因为“希望循环”——假设一次性咖啡杯和比萨饼盒等物品如果放入回收箱就会被回收利用。事实上，来自这些物品或其他不可回收物品的污染会导致已经放入正确垃圾箱的可回收物品被送往垃圾填埋场)”可知，文章主要讲述了“希望回收”所带来的问题，同时文章就如何正确回收提出建议，由此可推知，C项“希望循环：一个日益关注的问题”适合做文章标题。故选C。
39．B 40．C 41．A 42．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在亲眼目睹911事件后，患上了创伤后应激障碍，后来通过SKY疗法得到了治愈。
39．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For months afterwards, I shook with anxiety every morning.  Unwilling to medicate, I tried everything else. Mindfulness meditation (冥想) caused panic attacks.  Hot yoga built muscle but did nothing for my anxiety. I went to talks by Buddhist monks and meditation teachers hoping to attain inner peace, but in vain. Finally, I attended a SKY Breath Meditation class, which involves a 20-minute breathing regimen (养生之道) in different postures and rhythms.(在那之后的几个月里，我每天早上都焦虑得发抖。我不愿意吃药，于是尝试了所有其他方法。正念冥想会引起恐慌。高温瑜伽可以锻炼肌肉，但对我的焦虑没有任何帮助。我去听了佛教僧侣和冥想老师的讲座，希望获得内心的平静，但徒劳无功。最后，我参加了一个SKY呼吸冥想课程，包括20分钟的不同姿势和节奏的呼吸养生之道)”可知，作者参加SKY是为了缓解自己的焦虑。故选B。
40．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Traditional treatments had failed many of them, so my colleagues and I ran a randomized controlled trial to test the effects of SKY breathing.  Compared with the control group, veterans practicing SKY every day for one week saw their anxiety drop to levels typical of the general population.(传统的治疗方法失败了很多，所以我和我的同事进行了一个随机对照试验来测试SKY呼吸的效果。与对照组相比，在一周内每天练习SKY的退伍军人的焦虑水平下降到一般人群的典型水平)”可推知，作者将退伍军人分成两组，其中一组每天练习SKY，最后比对结果从而得出结论。故选C。
41．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Emotions influence your breathing patterns, and changing your breathing can change your emotions.(情绪会影响你的呼吸模式，改变呼吸也会改变你的情绪)”可知，情绪和呼吸息息相关，互相影响。故选A。
42．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Finally, I attended a SKY Breath Meditation class, which involves a 20-minute breathing regimen (养生之道) in different postures and rhythms. Though I went in skeptical, I came out calm. Two decades later, I never missed a day of my breathing practice, not even when I gave birth.(最后，我参加了一个SKY呼吸冥想课程，包括20分钟的不同姿势和节奏的呼吸养生之道。虽然我满怀怀疑地进去了，但出来时却很平静。二十年后，我从未错过一天的呼吸练习，甚至在我生孩子的时候。)”以及第二段“Traditional treatments had failed many of them, so my colleagues and I ran a randomized controlled trial to test the effects of SKY breathing.  Compared with the control group, veterans practicing SKY every day for one week saw their anxiety drop to levels typical of the general population.(传统的治疗方法失败了很多，所以我和我的同事进行了一个随机对照试验来测试SKY呼吸的效果。与对照组相比，在一周内每天练习SKY的退伍军人的焦虑水平下降到一般人群的典型水平)”可知，文章主要讲述了SKY疗法可以使人不那么焦虑，获得幸福。故选B。
43．D 44．D 45．B 46．C

【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过假设说明，对于未来的智能机器，我们人类应该把人工智能的发展控制在人类的控制之内。
43．推理判断题。根据第二段中“We don’t hate them. We don’t go out of our way to harm them. In fact, sometimes we take pains not to harm them. We step over them on the sidewalk. But whenever their presence seriously conflicts with one of our goals, we will kill them without hesitation. The concern is that we will one day build machines that, whether they’re conscious or not, could treat us with similar disregard.”（我们不恨它们。我们不会特意去伤害它们。事实上，有时候我们尽量不伤害它们。我们在人行道上跨过它们。但只要它们的存在与我们的目标严重冲突，我们就会毫不犹豫地杀死它们。我们担心有一天我们会制造出机器，无论它们是否有意识，它们都可以同样漠视我们）可知，此处提到平时我们对待蚂蚁时尽量不伤害它们，而当蚂蚁的存在和我们的目标冲突时，我们会好不犹豫地杀死它们。拿此事例类比我们未来制造的智能机器，可以证明机器对待我们时也会一样的残忍。故选D。
44．词句猜测题。根据划线词前半部分“If we build machines that are more intelligent than we are, they will very likely develop in ways that we can’t imagine”（如果我们制造出比我们更聪明的机器，它们很可能以我们无法想象的方式发展）可知，当机器人比我们更聪明时，它们的一些方式可能是我们无法想象，甚至在某些方面会超出我们的想象，所以划线词此处指“超越”，A项“使失去能力”；B项“启发，鼓舞”；C项“使失望”；D项“超越”，故选D。
45．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The concern is that we will one day build machines that, whether they’re conscious or not, could treat us with similar disregard.”（我们担心有一天我们会制造出机器，无论它们是否有意识，它们都可以同样漠视我们）第三段中“If we build machines that are more intelligent than we are, they will very likely develop in ways that we can’t imagine”（如果我们制造出比我们更聪明的机器，它们很可能以我们无法想象的方式发展）第四段中“So imagine we hit upon a design of super intelligent AI that has no safety concerns.”（所以想象一下，我们偶然发现了一个超级智能人工智能的设计，它没有任何安全隐患）可知，文章主要是通过假设来论证文章的主题。故选B。
46．推理判断题。根据第一段“Given how valuable intelligence and automation are, we will continue to improve our technology if we are at all able to. At a certain point, we will build machines that are smarter than we are. Once we have machines that are smarter than we are, they will begin to improve themselves. The concern is really that we will build machines that are much more competent than we are. And the slightest divergence (分歧) between their goals and our own could destroy us.”（考虑到智能和自动化的价值，我们将继续改进我们的技术，如果我们有能力的话。在某种程度上，我们会建造比我们更聪明的机器。一旦我们有了比我们更聪明的机器，它们就会开始自我改进。真正令人担忧的是，我们将制造出比我们更有竞争力的机器。他们的目标和我们的目标稍有不同就会毁了我们）可知，当机器比我们人类更智能时，它们就会开始自我改进，制造出比我们更有竞争力的机器。当他们的目标和我们的目标稍有不同就会毁了我们。最后一段“But the moment we admit that information processing is the source of intelligence, we have to admit that we are in the process of building some sort of god. Now would be a good time to make sure it’s a god we can live with.”（ 但是，一旦我们承认信息处理是智慧的源泉，我们就必须承认，我们正在建造某种上帝。现在是个好时机，我们要确保这是一个我们可以与之共存的神）可知，我们人类应该要确保智能机器与我们人类共存，即我们人类要让智能机器置于我们的控制之内。故选C。
47．A 48．D 49．A 50．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究结果：研究发现，曾经栖息在森林中的蜥蜴已经发生了基因变异，使其适应在城市中生存。
47．细节理解题。根据第一段“Lizards that once resided in forests but now hang around urban areas of Puerto Rico have genetically morphed (变化) to survive life in the city, researchers have found.”（研究人员发现，曾经栖息在森林中但现在在波多黎各城市地区徘徊的蜥蜴已经发生了基因变异，可以在城市中生存。）可知，研究人员发现，曾经栖息在森林中的蜥蜴已经发生了基因变异，使其适应在城市中生存。故选A。
48．细节理解题。根据第三段“The study analyzed 96 Anolis lizards, comparing the genetic makeup of forest-dwellers to those living in Puerto Rico’s capital. Scientists found that 33 genes within the lizard genome were repeatedly associated with urbanization.”（这项研究分析了96只阿诺利斯蜥蜴，比较了森林居民和波多黎各首都居民的基因组成。科学家发现，蜥蜴基因组中的33个基因与城市化反复有关。)可知，研究人员通过分析生活在城市和森林里的阿诺利斯蜥蜴，发现蜥蜴的基因变化和城市化反复有关。故选D。
49．推理判断题。根据第四段中“He said he was impressed that the scientists were able to detect such a clear genomic signature of adaptation: “The ultimate goal within the field of urban adaptive evolution is to find evidence for heritable traits and their genomic architecture.””（他说，科学家能够发现如此清晰的适应性基因组特征给他留下了深刻的印象： “城市适应性进化领域的最终目标是找到遗传特征及其基因组结构的证据。”）可知，对于此次研究结果，Wouter Halfwerk认为这个研究可以为城市适应性进化领域找到遗传特征及其基因组结构的证据。因而他对此是赞同的，认可的。故选A。
50．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study focused on adult male lizards, so it’s unclear whether females are changing in the same way or at the same rate as males, and at which point in a lizard’s life the changes are occurring. Halfwerk, whose own research showed how one frog species changed its mating call in urban areas, said scientists should look next for possible constraints (限制) on the evolutionary response and how morphology relates to mating behavior.”（这项研究主要集中在成年雄性蜥蜴身上，因此目前还不清楚雌性蜥蜴的变化方式是否与雄性蜥蜴相同，以及在蜥蜴一生中的哪个阶段发生了变化。Halfwerk 自己的研究显示了一种青蛙是如何改变它在城市地区的交配叫声的，他说科学家接下来应该寻找进化反应的可能限制因素，以及形态学如何与交配行为相关联。）可知，对于科学家们而言，接下来的研究应该是进化中的可能限制因素。故选D。
51．D 52．C 53．B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是AMHS高中官网，对该学校即将到来的International Dinner活动常见问题进行解释说明的文章。
51．推理判断。根据这个文本的风格，尤其是AMHS= Academic Magnet High School 以及Sign up here中的画线词和email地址画线的格式，可以判断这是网页文章，来自学校的官方网站。故选D。
52．推理判断题。从Who can participate的回答“Made for all to at tend as a community building event.”（作为社区建设活动，面向所有人）推知，活动目的是建设该社区，增进社区成员的关系，故选C。
53．细节理解题。从Who can volunteer的回答中最后一个句子“Sign up here.”（在这里注册）可知，直接点击链接即可报名成为志愿者，故选B。
54．B 55．D 56．A 57．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了太阳能发电场的附加功能可以应对生物多样性下降，并且这种方法已经开始流行起来。
54．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Solar farms offer one way to meet the world’s decarbonization targets, but they could also be used to deal with another of the planet’s big problems: loss of biodiversity.(太阳能发电场提供了一种实现世界脱碳目标的方法，但它们也可以用来解决地球上的另一个大问题：生物多样性的丧失)”可知，太阳能发电场的附加功能是应对生物多样性下降。故选B。
55．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中““Farmers could identify unprofitable areas, such as poor, highly erodible lands, as candidates for a pollinator-friendly solar farm. There’s the potential to increase their net income with pollinator motivation projects,” says O’Neal.(“农民可以确定无利可图的地区，比如贫穷、高度易侵蚀的土地，作为授粉友好型太阳能农场的候选地区。传粉者激励项目有可能增加他们的净收入，”O’Neal说)”可知，O’Neal可能会建议农民充分利用水土流失区域获取额外利润。故选D。
56．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““We’re at a turning point with energy production and we’re seeing more opportunities to provide extra benefits that wouldn’t have been considered with older methods of energy generation,” says O’Neal.(“我们正处于能源生产的转折点，我们看到了更多的机会，可以提供旧的能源生产方法所没有考虑到的额外效益，”O’Neal说)”可推知，O’Neal对太阳能农场是支持态度。故选A。
57．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Solar farms offer one way to meet the world’s decarbonization targets, but they could also be used to deal with another of the planet’s big problems: loss of biodiversity.(太阳能发电场提供了一种实现世界脱碳目标的方法，但它们也可以用来解决地球上的另一个大问题：生物多样性的丧失)”结合下文介绍可知，文章主要说明了太阳能发电场的附加功能可以应对生物多样性下降，并且这种方法已经开始流行起来。由此可知，C选项“太阳能农场可以应对生物多样性的丧失”最符合文章标题。故选C。
58．C 59．D 60．B 61．B

【导语】本文是一篇议论文,通过莎翁戏剧著名台词“Parting is such sweet sorrow”引出对人际关系的讨论，阐述分离的痛苦是衡量感情的尺度。
58．推理判断题。根据第一段中“ Sweet sorrow is an oxymoron. But this seeming contradiction is true in the context of relationships.(甜蜜的悲伤是一种矛盾修辞法。但这种看似矛盾的现象在人际关系中却是真实存在的。)”可知，本句中sweet sorrow是一种矛盾的修辞方法。C选项中“deafening silence(震耳欲聋的沉默)”与题干中的“甜蜜的悲伤”一致，构成的是修辞的方式是矛盾的修饰方式。故选C。
59．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Separation, even a temporary absence, from the people you have a deep emotional connection with can cause sorrow because you will no longer be able to enjoy their company.(与你有深厚情感联系的人分离，即使是暂时的缺席，都会带来悲伤，因为你将无法再享受他们的陪伴。)”可知，分离是告别时悲伤的部分。故选D。
60．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Deep friendships and loving relationships are measured by the level of emotional attachment. Emotions intensify over time,(深厚的友谊和爱的关系是由情感依恋的水平来衡量的。情绪会随着时间的推移而加剧)”以及第四段中“The time spent together is emotionally rewarding, especially if that person is seen as a soulmate. Humans are social beings.(一起度过的时光在情感上是有益的，尤其是如果那个人被视为灵魂伴侣。人类是社会生物)” 可知，一起度过的时光在情感上是有益的即与他人建立深厚的情感联系能使人在社交生活中获得情感上的满足。故选B。
61．主旨大意题。 通读全文以及根据最后一段中“Enjoy the company of the person you are with as long as you can; knowing the pain you will feel at the end of the relationship is the true measure of the relationship. (尽可能地享受和你在一起的人的陪伴；知道在一段关系结束时你会感受到的痛苦是衡量这段关系的真正标准。如果说再见无伤大雅，那也许不值得说你好)”可知，文章通过“告别”带给人看似矛盾的情感体验这一现象，通过对比等手段，深入分析了痛苦这种情感体验在人际关系疏密中的作用。B选项“The pain of separation is the measure of relationships.(分离的痛苦是衡量感情的尺度。)”概括文章主要内容。故选B。
62．D 63．B 64．A 65．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过神经病学专家Anna Lembke的书Dopamine Nation: Finding Balance in the Age of Indulgence，阐释了作为成瘾性标志的多巴胺，在人类对电子设备上瘾的现代，给人类带来的负面影响。
62．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Dopamine, the main chemical involved in addiction, is secreted from nerve tracts (神经束) in the brain following a rewarding experience such as finding food, clothing or shelter. Nature has designed our brains to feel pleasure when these experiences happen because they increase our odds of survival.( 多巴胺是导致成瘾的主要化学物质，它是大脑神经束在获得奖励后分泌的，比如找到食物、衣服或住所。大自然让我们的大脑在这些经历发生时感到快乐，因为它们增加了我们的生存机率。)”可知，多巴胺能给人带来积极的情绪，进而增加生存的机率。故选D项。
63．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Dopamine Nation explains how modern life has made us vulnerable to dopamine related addiction. Today, social media is often the addictive substance of choice. ( 多巴胺国家解释了现代生活如何使我们容易受到多巴胺相关成瘾的影响。如今，社交媒体往往是让人上瘾的选择。)”第四段“Repeated exposure to similar stimuli creates a chronic dopamine shortage state, wherein we’re less able to experience pleasure.( 反复暴露在类似的刺激下会产生一种慢性多巴胺短缺状态，在这种状态下我们无法体验到快乐。)”和第五段“We can become overwhelmed by our inability to measure up to “perfect” people who exist only in the Matrix, and may sink into depression. Social media often feels good while we’re using it, but horrible when we stop. ( 我们可能会因为无法达到只存在于母体中的“完美”人而不堪重负，并可能陷入抑郁。社交媒体在我们使用的时候感觉很好，但当我们停止使用的时候就很糟糕了。)”可知，手机作为社交媒介的其中一种方式，过度沉迷于手机会让人感到不快乐，产生消极情绪。故选B项。
64．词义猜测题。结合上文“Social media often feels good while we’re using it, but horrible when we stop.( 社交媒体在我们使用的时候感觉很好，但当我们停止使用的时候就很糟糕了。)”以及“Luckily, there is an antidote: a timeout—at least for a day.( 幸运的是，有一种antidote：暂停——至少一天。)”可知，此处表示转折，虽然沉溺手机会有负面情绪，但是幸运的是有解决办法。所以划线的词语表示“对策、治疗办法”即“解药”的意思。故选A项。
65．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The title of psychiatrist Anna Lembke’s book, Dopamine Nation: Finding Balance in the Age of Indulgence, refers to the crucial yet destructive role that dopamine (多巴胺) plays in modern society.( 精神病学家安娜·莱姆克的书名《多巴胺国家:在放纵时代找到平衡》，指的是多巴胺在现代社会中扮演的至关重要但具有破坏性的角色。)”和最后一段“However, more time is needed away from our drug of choice, whether it’s heroin or Instagram. A month long dopamine fast will decrease the anxiety that social media causes, and enhance our ability to enjoy more modest rewards again.(然而，我们需要更多的时间远离我们所选择的毒品，无论是海洛因还是Instagram。为期一个月的多巴胺禁食会减少社交媒体引起的焦虑，并增强我们再次享受更适度奖励的能力。)”可知，文章主要说明了多巴胺在现代人类对电子设备上瘾的现代，给人类带来的负面影响。故选D项。
66．C 67．B 68．A

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是设计师们越来越多地使用不同种类的材料来生产不损害环境的产品，本文介绍了不寻常的材料，德国新材料展和许多公司使用其他材料的案例。
66．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Designers are increasingly using different kinds of materials to produce products that do not harm the environment.  Reused plastic bottles, wood, plant fiber, and even seaweed are being used in place of traditional materials for household goods and clothing.(设计师们越来越多地使用不同种类的材料来生产不损害环境的产品。再利用的塑料瓶、木材、植物纤维甚至海藻都被用来代替传统的家庭用品和服装材料。)”可知，本文介绍的是一些对环境无害的新型材料，因此很可能选自于环境期刊。故选C。
67．细节理解题。根据A show for new materials in Germany部分的“And there’s seaweed, used to produce sound pad and panels that provided great insulation (隔音), are fire-resistant and regulate humidity (湿度) well.(还有一种海藻，用来制作隔音垫和隔音板，可以防火，还能很好地调节湿度。)”可知，海藻作为新材料的新功能不包括制作吸顶灯。故选B。
68．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Italian company Frumat has developed a plant-based leather made from the waste created by apple juice makers. Pinatex helps support farms in the Philippines by using waste from the pineapple harvest to create material that is sold to makers of shoes, clothing and other products.(意大利公司Frumat用苹果汁制造商产生的废料开发出了一种植物基皮革。Pinatex帮助支持菲律宾的菠萝农场，利用菠萝收获的废料生产原料，卖给鞋子、服装和其他产品的制造商。)”可知，文中提到2家现在利用废物来生产产品的公司，故选A。
69．C 70．B 71．A 72．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者采取行动唤醒对书籍的热爱的故事。
69．词句猜测题。根据第一段的“My head was so full of digital noise that it felt like my brain was about to blow a fuse (导火线). I had no greater power of concentration than the lifeless stare of a goldfish.(我的脑袋里充满了数字噪音，感觉我的大脑就要烧断保险丝了。我并不比金鱼死气沉沉的凝视更能集中注意力。)”可知，作者对书籍的热爱已经被一个根本静不下来的大脑所损害，因此compromise的意思是“损害，减少”，和weaken意思相近，故选C。
70．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Firstly, I decided to treat my mind like a misbehaving child who needs some rules laid down.(首先，我决定像对待一个不听话的孩子一样对待我的思想，需要制定一些规则。)”可知，为了达到目标，作者做的第一件事是决心为自己制定规则。故选B。
71．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“By reawakening my love with books I created a sacred space where I could press pause and found inspiration, knowledge, reflection and escape.(通过重新唤醒我对书籍的热爱，我创造了一个神圣的空间，在那里我可以按下暂停键，找到灵感、知识、反思和逃避。)”可知，作者从读书中获益匪浅。故选A。
72．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“So, this year I committed myself to restoring books to the place that they held in my life before the Internet broke my brain.(所以，今年我决心要把书恢复到互联网打破我的大脑之前它们在我生活中的地位。)”和最后一段的“By reawakening my love with books I created a sacred space where I could press pause and found inspiration, knowledge, reflection and escape.(通过重新唤醒我对书籍的热爱，我创造了一个神圣的空间，在那里我可以按下暂停键，找到灵感、知识、反思和逃避。)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者采取行动唤醒对书籍的热爱的故事，因此本文最好的题目是C选项“Going back to the books(回到书本上来)”，故选C。
73．C 74．A 75．D 76．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一家中国初创公司开发出了通过步态来识别个人的技术。
73．细节理解题。根据第二段的“All these individual features go into database that the software then goes through when attempting to identify people.(所有这些个人特征都进入数据库，然后软件在试图识别人时仔细检查数据库。)”可知，Watrix通过建立一个包含众多个人指标的数据库来保证“步态识别”的准确性，故选C。
74．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Gait recognition, on the other hand, is much more reliable works from virtually any angle, and because it analyses so many metrics, it can identify subjects even if attempt to cover their legs.(另一方面，步态识别从几乎任何角度都是更可靠地工作，因为它分析了如此多的指标，即使试图遮住他们的腿，它也能识别出受试者。)”可知，与面部识别相比，步态技术的优点是无识别角度限制，故选A。
75．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“The technology has also been tested by public security officials for thousands of hours and used to solve dozens of police cases. Authorities in Shanghai and Beijing are already using recognition to detect wanted criminals and identify jaywalkers (该技术还经过公安人员数千小时的测试，并被用于侦破数十起警方案件。上海和北京的有关部门已经在使用识别技术来侦查通缉犯和识别乱穿马路的行人。)”可推知，步态识别技术已被证明有助于识别通缉犯。故选D。
76．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Watrix revealed the first version of their gait recognition technology in October of last year and since been in talks with security companies from Singapore, India, Russia, the Netherlands and Czech Republic for contracts.(Watrix在去年10月公布了他们的步态识别技术的第一个版本，此后一直在与来自新加坡、印度、俄罗斯、荷兰和捷克共和国的安全公司谈判合同。)”和最后一段的“The current version of gait recognition software isn’t yet capable of detecting people in real time the Chinese startup claims that it’s able to analyze an hour’s worth of video footage in just 10 minutes over 94% accuracy.(目前版本的步态识别软件还不能实时检测人。这家中国初创公司声称，它能够在短短10分钟内分析一小时的视频片段，准确率超过94%。)”可推知，这项技术的未来是有前途的。故选B。