2022-2023学年上海市三校联合高一下学期阶段练习英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年上海市三校联合高一下学期阶段练习英语试题含解析，共34页。
 上海三校联合2022学年第二学期阶段练习
高一 英语试卷
金山中学、闵行中学、嘉定一中
时间：120分钟 满分：150分 2023.5.18
第I卷
I. Listening Comprehension(1~10每题1分;11~20每题2分;共30分)
Section A
Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. On Sunday. B. On Monday. C. On Saturday. D. On Friday.
2. A. In a classroom. B. In a stationery shop. C. At a grocery store. D. At a restaurant.
3. A. He can go bowling on Sunday night. B. He can go bowling on Tuesday.
C. He has to take a test on Sunday. D. He has to study for a test on Tuesday.
4. A. Both Bill and Tom went to York. B. Both Bill and Tom went to London.
C. Bill went to York, and Tom went to London. D. Bill went to London, and Tom went to York.
5. A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Employer and applicant. D. Boss and clerk.
6. A. The woman is satisfied with the food here. B. The man is satisfied with the steak here.
C. The man agrees with the woman. D. The woman’s steak is overcooked.
7. A. The man will restart the computer first. B. The man will save the document first.
C. The woman will restart the computer first. D. The woman will save the document first.
8. A. Location of some stores. B. Prices of some shoes. C. Quality of some clothes. D. Storage of goods.
9. A. Jonathan used to be a popular child actor.
B. Jonathan was popular with young child actors.
C. Jonathan wrote some stories about popular actors.
D. Jonathan was popular because of his unusual childhood.
10. A. The new apartment is cheaper. B. He likes to listen to the radio.
C. He needs a quieter place. D. The present one is too expensive.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Pizza. B. Thai food. C. Local food. D. Vegetables.
12. A. Going to the beach. B. Going overseas.
C. Enjoying local sights. D. Relaxing with the family.
13. A. Alternative music. B.1980s rock music. C.1970s rock music. D. Japanese music.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. It is listed in the teaching program. B. It is important to English teaching.
C. Effective listening results in good grades. D. It’s more taught than any other subject.
15. A. Listening helps to send plain message. B. Listening deepens personal relationship.
C. Listening has little to do with one’s job. D. Listening helps deliver an important speech.
16. A. Good listening means a good profession.
B Listening requires understanding.
C. You can receive messages with good listening.
D. Listening is an important means of communication.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. A training coach. B. A trading adviser. C. A professional manager. D. A financial trader.
18 A. He can save on living expenses. B. He considers cooking creative.
C. He can enjoy healthier food. D. He thinks take-away is tasteless.
19. A. It is something inevitable. B. It is always frustrating.
C. It takes patience to manage. D. It can be a good thing.
20. A. The man never considered quit this job. B. The man pays special attention to healthy diets.
C. The man enjoys mental challenges. D. The man knows the specific rule of beating stress.
Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabulary(每题1分;共35分)
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices maker A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945 and their power ________ increased enormously ever since.
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：第一次使用原子武器是在1945年，从那以后，它们的威力得到了极大的提高。由ever since可知，句子应用现在完成时，且主语their power和动词increase是被动关系，所以应用现在完成时的被动，主语是their power，为不可数名词，助动词应用has，故选C。

2. The flu is believed ________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. have caused
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：流感被认为是由于病毒喜欢在人类鼻子和喉咙内的细胞中繁殖而引起的。主语+be believed to do固定用法，意为“据认为……”，主语the flu和动词cause是被动关系，应用不定式的被动语态，故选C。
3. The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：植物园里芳香的花朵吸引着游客去欣赏大自然的美景。分析句子结构可知空处应填非谓语动词，主语The flowers 与感官动词smell之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，作后置定语。故选B项。
4. The disc, digitally _______ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded B. recording
C. to be recorded D. having recorded
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这张在录音室数字录制的唱片在当晚的派对上听起来棒极了。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，record与逻辑主语The disc之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式recorded作后置定语。故选A。
5. American women usually identify their best friend as someone ________they can talk frequently.
A. who B. about which C. as D. with whom
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：美国女性通常认为她们最好的朋友是可以经常聊天的人。talk with意为“与...交谈”，分析句子结构可知，先行词为someone，在定语从句中充当talk with的宾语，用关系代词whom，故该空为with whom，答案为D。
6. After Yang Li wei succeeded in circling the earth, ________ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.
A. where B. what C. that D. how
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：杨利伟成功绕地球飞行后，我们的宇航员渴望做的就是在太空行走。此处缺少主语从句引导词， 从句缺少宾语，应使用关系词what。故选B。
7. A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A. when B. where C. what D. that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句连接词。句意：有个故事说，英国的伊丽莎白一世最喜欢的就是在宫廷里被聪明而合格的贵族包围。分析可知，Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court是解释说明名词A story的同位语从句，从句结构完整，不缺乏任何意义，用只起连接作用且无意义的that。故选D项。
8. Having been attacked by terrorists, ____________________ .
A. the tall building collapsed
B. doctors came to their rescued
C. an emergency measure was taken
D. warnings were given to tourists
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。句意：被恐怖分子攻击，那栋大楼倒塌了。分析句子可知，空格处为主句，本句题干中使用了现在分词的完成被动式having been attacked by terrorists，说明后句主语是attack的承受者，根据句意可知，被攻击的是那座大楼，主语是the tall building。故A项正确。
9. —English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?
—Yes. ________ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.
A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查祈使句+and句型。句意：——英语的词汇量很大，不是吗？——是的。知道更多的词汇和短语，你将会发现阅读和交流变得很容易。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是祈使句+and+含将来时的句型。故选A。
10. The environmentalists said wild goats’ ________ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.
A. escape B. absence C. attendance D. appearance
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：环保人士表示，野山羊出现在广阔的草原上，这是环境改善的一个良好迹象。A. escape逃跑；B. absence缺席；不在；C. attendance出席；D. appearance出现。由下文“was a good indication of the better environment.”可知，野山羊出现在广阔的草原上，故选D。
11. Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hours operation to have ________ one-year-old twins at the head.
A. isolated B. separated C. divided D. removed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在医生们为一对一岁的双胞胎做了长达20个小时的头部分离手术后，医院工作人员爆发出一阵欢呼声。A. isolated隔离；B. separated使分开；分离；C. divided分成；D. removed移除。由上文“Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hours operation to have”和下文“one-year-old twins at the head.”可知，此处表示将两个连在一起头部分开，应用separate，表示“将原来连在一起或靠近的部分分开”之意，故选B。
12. After the trainer was sure that the whale could look after itself, he ________it into the sea.
A. transported B. unloaded C. released D. handled
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在驯鲸师确信鲸鱼能够照顾自己之后，他把它放归大海。A. transported运输；B. unloaded卸载；C. released放走；D. handled处理。由上文“After the trainer was sure that the whale could look after itself,”可知，此处指把鲸鱼放归大海，故选C。
13. Some people like drinking coffee, for it has ________ effects.
A. promoting B. stimulating C. enhancing D. encouraging
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人喜欢喝咖啡，因为它有提神的作用。A. promoting 促进的；促销的；B. stimulating刺激的；使人兴奋的；C. enhancing 提高的；增进的；D. encouraging鼓舞人心的。由句意及空前的Some people like drinking coffee可知因为咖啡可以使人兴奋，所以有些人喜欢喝它，故选B项。
14. The teacher wrote an example on the blackboard to ________ his point.
A. illustrate B. suggest C. express D. recognize
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师在黑板上写了一个例子来说明他的观点。A. illustrate(用图、实例等)说明；阐明； B. suggest建议；表明； C. express表达；表示；D. recognize认出；识别；承认。由句意及The teacher wrote an example on the blackboard可知老师通过举例来进一步阐明自己的观点，所以A项illustrate符合语境。故选A项。
15. To keep healthy, Professor Johnson _________ cycling as a regular form of exercise
after he retired.
A. took up B. caught on C. carried out D. made for
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了保持身体健康，Professor Johnson退休后把骑自行车作为一种常规的锻炼方式。A. took up开始从事（指开始学习或从事某种活动、爱好或职业）；B. caught on流行起来；C. carried out执行；D. made for走向。根据空后“cycling as a regular form of exerciseafter he retired”可知，此处指开始骑自行车活动。故选A。
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
An Unexpected Adventure
Before Noel Santillan became famous for getting lost in Iceland, he was just another guy from New Jersey looking for adventure.
On a freezing, dark morning, Santillan was driving away from an airport in a rented car toward a hotel in Reykjavík, about 40 minutes away, ____16____(arm) with the modern traveller’s two essentials: a dream and, more importantly, a GPS unit, which can direct people to a definite address. He carefully followed the commands of the GPS that came with the car, a calm female voice ____17____(direct) him to the destination - a left here, a right there.
But after stopping on a deserted stone road next to a sign for a gas station, Santillan got the feeling that the voice might be steering him wrong. He ____18____(drive) for nearly an hour already, yet the estimated time of arrival on the GPS put his arrival time at around 5:20 p.m., eight hours later. ____19____(assure) himself, he reentered his destination but got the same result. ____20____ he sensed that something was wrong, he decided to trust the machine.
The ____21____(far) he drove, the fewer cars he saw. The roads became icier. Sleeplessness confused his brain, and his empty stomach became upset. The only stations he could find on the radio were airing strange talk shows in Icelandic. His phone was no help, since it had not been set up for international use. At around 2 p.m., as his tires slid____22____ control along a narrow mountain road on the edge of a steep cliff, he knew that the device had failed him.
He ____23____ (lose) and - despite the insistence of his GPS - nowhere near his hotel. There were no other drivers on the road, and he didn’t know ____24____ he could do but follow the line on the screen to its mysterious end. “I knew I was going to get somewhere,” he says. “I didn’t know where else to go.”
The directions ended at a small blue house in a tiny town, ____25____ a pretty blue-eyed blond woman answered his knock. She smiled as he difficultly spoke about his hotel and handed her his reservation.
【答案】16. armed

17. directing

18. had driven##had been driving
19. To assure
20. Although##Though
21. farther
22. without##beyond
23. was lost
24. what 25. where
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一次意想不到的冒险。在一个寒冷漆黑的早晨，Santillan驾驶一辆租来的汽车离开机场，前往40分钟车程外的Reykjavík一家酒店。他一路跟着导航在走，但是导航出错，最终导航的终点是一个小镇上的蓝色小房子，在那里一个漂亮的金发碧眼的女人回应了他的敲门声。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在一个寒冷、漆黑的早晨，Santillan驾驶一辆租来的汽车离开机场，前往40分钟车程外的Reykjavík一家酒店。他带着现代旅行者的两个必备品：一个梦想，更重要的是一个 GPS 装置，它可以指引人们到达一个确定的地址。句中有谓语was driving，且前后无连词，应用非谓语动词作状语，主语 Santillan和动词arm(装备)是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填armed。
【17题详解】
考查独立主格结构。句意：他小心翼翼地按照车上 GPS 的指令行事，一个平静的女声指引他到达目的地——这里左转，那里右转。“a calm female voice_____(direct) him to the destination - a left here, a right there.”是独立主格结构，主语a calm female voice和动词direct是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填directing。
【18题详解】
考查时态。句意：他已经开了将近一个小时的车了，但是GPS上预计的到达时间是8小时后的下午5:20左右。此处在句中作谓语，整个事情发生在过去，且由for nearly an hour already可知，句子应用过去完成时，或者过去完成进行时，强调动作的持续性，故填had driven或had been driving。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了使自己放心，他再次进入他的目的地，但得到了同样的结果。句中有谓语reentered，且前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填To assure。
【20题详解】
考查连词。句意：尽管他感觉到有些不对劲，他还是决定相信机器。前后句子是转折关系，此处表示“尽管”，应用连词although/though引导让步状语从句，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Although/Though。
【21题详解】
考查比较级。句意：他开得越远，看到的汽车就越少，路面冰越来越多。此处是“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”结构，表示“越……，越……”，far的比较级有两个，farther和further，farther表示具体的距离，即侧重于距离的远，further表示抽象意义的程度，侧重于思想深度的远，此处应用farther表示具体距离的远，故填farther。
【22题详解】
考查介词。句意：下午2点左右，当他的轮胎在陡峭悬崖边上一条狭窄的山路上不受控制地滑行时，他知道这个装置让他失望了。此处表示“无法控制”为短语without/beyond control，故填without/beyond。
【23题详解】
考查谓语。句意：他迷路了，尽管他的全球定位系统坚持，但是他的酒店附近没有任何地方。be lost表示“迷路的”，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，主语是he，be动词应用was，故填was lost。
【24题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：路上没有其他司机，他不知道自己能做什么，只能跟着屏幕上的那条线走到神秘的尽头。“___he could do”为宾语从句，从句缺少do后面的宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用what引导，故填what。
【25题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：导航的终点是一个小镇上的蓝色小房子，在那里一个漂亮的金发碧眼的女人回应了他的敲门声。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a small blue house，且从句缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where来引导，故填where。
Section C
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A moderation B.commercial C. present D. arises E. existing F. responded
G. involved H. available I. processing J. accurately K. closely
Computer programs recognize white men better than black women
Software that recognizes faces has bounded ahead in recent years, aroused by a boom in a form of artificial intelligence called deep learning. Several firms now offer face recognition as a ____26____ service, via their respective clouds. The ability to recognize in faces such things as an individual’s sex has improved too, and this is also commercially ____27____.
The algorithms(算法) ____28____ have, however, long been suspected of bias. Specifically, they are declared to be better at ____29____ white faces than those of other people. Until now, that suspicion has been unsupported by evidence. But next week, at Fairness, Accountability and Transparency, a conference in New York, Joy Buolamwini of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology will ____30____ work which suggests it is true.
Ms Buolamwini and her colleague Timnit Gebru looked at three sex-recognition systems, those of IBM, Microsoft and Facebook. They tested these on a set of 1,270 photographs of parliamentarians(国会议员) from around the world and found that all three classified lighter faces more ____31____ than darker ones. All also classified males more accurately than females. IBM’s algorithm, for example, got light male faces wrong just 0.3% of the time. That compared with 34.7% of the time for dark female faces. The other two systems had similar gulfs in their performances. Probably, this bias ____32____ from the sets of data the firms concerned used to train their software. Ms Buolamwini and Ms Gebru could not, however, test this because those data sets are ____33____ guarded.
IBM has ____34____ quickly. It said it had retrained its system on a new data set for the past year, and that this had greatly improved its accuracy . When testing the new system on an updated version of the set of politicians Ms Buolamwini and Ms Gebru had used, the firm said it now achieved an error rate of 3.46% on dark-skinned female faces—a tenth of that the two researchers had found using the ____35____ system. For light-skinned males the error rate also fell, to 0.25%.
【答案】26. B 27. H 28. G 29. I 30. C 31. J
32. D
33. K 34. F
35. E

【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了相比于黑人妇女，计算机程序比更能识别白人男子。
【26题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现在有几家公司通过各自的云服务提供人脸识别服务，将其作为一种商业服务。此处应用形容词作定语，表示“商业的”，为commercial，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词。句意：识别面孔的能力，比如个人的性别，也得到了提高，而且这种技术也可以在商业上应用。此处应用形容词作表语，表示“可用的”，为形容词available。故选H。
【28题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，然而，所涉及的算法长期以来一直被怀疑存在偏见。此处表示“涉及到”，应用动词involve，和algorithms是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语，故选G。
【29题详解】
考查动词。句意：具体来说，它们被宣称比其他人更善于处理白人面孔。此处表示“处理”应用动词process，介词at后面用动名词形式作宾语，故选I。
【30题详解】
考查动词。句意：但下周，在纽约举行的“公平、问责和透明”会议上，麻省理工学院的乔伊•布奥拉姆维尼（Joy Buolamwini）将展示一项研究成果，表明这种说法是正确的。此处是谓语动词，表示“展示；呈现”，为动词present，由will可知，应用动词原形，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们对来自世界各地的1270张国会议员的照片进行了测试，发现这三种分类的浅色面孔比深色面孔更准确。此处应用副词作状语，表示“准确地”，为副词accurately，故选J。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：也许，这种偏见源于有关公司用来训练他们的软件的数据集。此处在句中作谓语，表示“源于”为短语arise from，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，动词arise应用三单形式，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，Buolamwini女士和 Gebru女士无法对此进行测试，因为这些数据集受到严密保护。此处应用副词作状语，修饰谓语动词，表示“严密地”，应用closely，故选K。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：IBM迅速做出了回应。此处是谓语动词，表示“回应”，应用动词respond，由has可知，此处应用过去分词形式和Hassan构成现在完成时的被动，故选F。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在对Buolamwini女士和 Gebru女士使用过的这组政治家的更新版本的新系统进行测试时，该公司表示，黑皮肤女性面部的错误率现在达到3.46% ，是两位研究人员使用相关系统时发现的错误率的十分之一。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词system，表示“现有的”，应用形容词existing，故选E。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A (每题1分;共15分)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Ambition is a necessary quality in life. It is the ____36____which drives us on to use whatever talent we have got. If we haven’t got some degree of ambition, these talents will not be used for our own and others’ ____37____.
Ambition,____38____ , can have several faults. First of all, it can be____39____. We may not be able to see the limits of our own abilities, so we do ambitious things that are completely beyond us. Our career masters can see our good qualities and our limitations____40____. They may tell us that we haven’t the ability to deal with people and would not make good businessmen. We refuse to take their ____41____. We keep on trying. Many years and many ____42____ later we are forced to accept their judgement. But what a waste of time our ill-founded ambition has caused us!
Secondly, our ambition can be too concentrated. Our attention is devoted to one ____43____aim, such as getting distinctions in a science subject. Everything that may draw us away from this aim is cut out of our lives. In the end we get our distinctions. But what ____44____we have caused ourselves in the process! We are isolated beings only caring about a particular examination. And we probably won’t make good scientists. We____45____the breadth of vision necessary for success at a higher level.
Thirdly, our ambition can be limited to lifeless objectives. We want to gain money, or power, or membership of some circles. Persons who feel inferior try to____46____by seeking the respect of others through possession of these artificial signs of worth.
Fourthly, our ambition may be ____47____. Instead of directing some of our ambitions towards community improvement, we may exploit members of the community in the interests of self-advancements. In later life we may be ambitious for the success of our children but we regard this success as only a further ____48____of our own success.
Ambition is necessary in the lives of individuals—necessary for their own improvement and for the improvement of the community in which they live. But, like all blind forces, it must be ____49____ if it is not to cause disaster. It must be tightly controlled by the head and the heart. Otherwise ambition may demand too high a price ____50____human qualities.
36. A. means B. action C. courage D. force
37. A. justice B. affection C. benefit D. emotion
38. A. however B. therefore C. besides D. furthermore
39. A. unpredictable B. unusual C. unfavorable D. unrealistic
40. A. positively B. objectively C. amusingly D. negatively
41. A. notice B. solution C. evaluation D. measure
42. A. occasions B. recoveries C. disappointments D. miracles
43. A. narrow B. broad C. separated D. isolated
44. A. damage B. interest C. cost D. profit
45. A. omit B. value C. own D. lack
46. A. give out B. take in C. turn down D. make up
47. A. self-centred B. self-disciplined C. self-satisfied D. self-controlled
48 A. time B. mark C. design D. image
49. A. directed B. promoted C. stimulated D. demanded
50. A. in the process of B. in terms of C. in spite of D. in honor of
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. C 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. D 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. A 50. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了雄心壮志是人生必备的品质，但是野心也可能有一些缺点，文章主要列举了野心的四个缺点。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是一种力量，驱使我们运用我们所拥有的一切才能。A. means方法；B. action行动；C. courage勇气；D. force力量。根据后文“drives us on to use whatever talent we have got”可知，野心是一种力量，可以驱使我们运用我们所拥有的一切才能。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们没有某种程度的野心，这些才能就不会被用于我们自己和他人的利益。A. justice公平；B. affection喜爱；C. benefit益处；D. emotion情感。根据上文“these talents will not be used for our own and others’”指利用才能来让自己和他人受益。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，野心也可能有一些缺点。A. however然而；B. therefore因此；C. besides此外；D. furthermore此外。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，它是不现实的。A. unpredictable无法预测的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. unfavorable不支持的；D. unrealistic不现实的。根据后文“We may not be able to see the limits of our own abilities, so we do ambitious things that are completely beyond us.(我们可能看不到自己能力的极限，所以我们会做一些完全超出我们能力范围的雄心勃勃的事情)”可知，野心是不现实的。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的职业导师能客观地看到我们的优点和缺点。A. positively积极地；B. objectively客观地；C. amusingly有趣地；D. negatively消极地。根据后文“They may tell us that we haven’t the ability to deal with people and would not make good businessmen.(他们可能会告诉我们，我们没有与人打交道的能力，不会成为一个好的商人)”可知，职业导师能客观地看到我们的优点和缺点。故选B。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们拒绝接受他们的评价。A. notice通知；B. solution解决方案；C. evaluation评价；D. measure测量。根据上文“They may tell us that we haven’t the ability to deal with people and would not make good businessmen.(他们可能会告诉我们，我们没有与人打交道的能力，不会成为一个好的商人)”可知，职业导师在评价我们。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多年，许多失望之后，我们被迫接受他们的判断。A. occasions场合；B. recoveries恢复；C. disappointments失望；D. miracles奇迹。根据后文“later we are forced to accept their judgement”可知，接受他们的评价是因为经历了许多失望。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的注意力都集中在一个狭隘的目标上，例如在一门科学科目上取得优异成绩。A. narrow狭窄的，勉强的；B. broad宽的；C. separated分开的；D. isolated隔离的。根据后文“such as getting distinctions in a science subject”可知，此处指注意力都集中在一个狭隘的目标上，例如在一门科学科目上取得优异成绩。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在这个过程中，我们给自己造成了多大的伤害啊！A. damage破坏；B. interest兴趣；C. cost成本；D. profit利润。根据上文“Everything that may draw us away from this aim is cut out of our lives. In the end we get our distinctions.(一切可能使我们偏离这个目标的东西都被从我们的生活中剔除。最后我们得到了差异)”可知，此处指因为目标狭窄而给自身造成的伤害和损失。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们缺乏在更高层次上取得成功所必需的广阔视野。A. omit省略；B. value重视；C. own拥有；D. lack缺少。根据上文“We are isolated beings only caring about a particular examination. And we probably won’t make good scientists.(我们是孤立的存在，只关心一个特定的考试。我们可能不会成为优秀的科学家)”可知，我们缺乏在更高层次上取得成功所必需的广阔视野。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：感到自卑的人试图通过拥有这些人为的价值标志来寻求他人的尊重，从而弥补自己的不足。A. give out分发；B. take in理解；C. turn down拒绝；D. make up弥补。根据后文“by seeking the respect of others through possession of these artificial signs of worth”可知，感到自卑的人试图通过拥有这些人为的价值标志来寻求他人的尊重，从而弥补自己的不足。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第四，我们的野心可能以自我为中心。A. self-centred自我中心的；B. self-disciplined自律的；C. self-satisfied自满的；D. self-controlled自控的。根据后文“Instead of directing some of our ambitions towards community improvement, we may exploit members of the community in the interests of self-advancements.(我们可能会利用社区成员的利益来实现自我发展，而不是将我们的一些抱负用于改善社区)”可知，我们的野心可能以自我为中心。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在以后的生活中，我们可能会雄心勃勃地希望我们的孩子成功，但我们认为这种成功只是我们自己成功的进一步标志。A. time时间；B. mark标志；C. design设计；D. image图像。根据上文“but we regard this success as only a further”可知，此处指我们把孩子的成功看成自己成功的标志，故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，像所有盲目的力量一样，如果它不想造成灾难，就必须加以引导。A. directed指导；B. promoted促进；C. stimulated刺激；D. demanded要求。根据后文“if it is not to cause disaster”可知，如果个人的野心不想造成灾难，就必须加以引导。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：否则，就人类的品质而言，雄心壮志可能需要付出过高的代价。A. in the process of在……过程中；B. in terms of就……而言；C. in spite of尽管；D. in honor of为纪念。根据后文“human qualities”可知，野心抱负只是人类品质的其中一项，所以这里指就人类的品质而言，不加以引导的话，雄心壮志可能需要付出过高的代价。故选B。
Section B(每题2分;共30分)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Some say everyday miracles are predestined (注定的) -- All that’s necessary is readiness, the right circumstance for the appointed meeting. And it can happen anywhere.
In 1999, 11-year-old Kevin Stephan was a bat boy for his younger brother’s Little League team in Lancaster, New York. It was an early evening in late July. Kevin was standing on the grass away from the plate, where another youngster was warming up for the next game. Swinging his bat back and forth, and giving it all the power an elementary school kid could give, the boy brought the bat back hard and hit Kevin in the chest. His heart stopped.
When Kevin fell to the ground, the mother of one of the players rushed out of the stands to his aid. Penny Brown hadn’t planned to be there that day, but at the last minute, she changed her shift (轮班) at the hospital, and she was given the night off. Penny bent over the senseless boy, his face already starting to turn blue, and giving CPR, breathing into his mouth and giving chest compressions (按压). And he came to life.
After his recovery, he became a volunteer junior firefighter, learning some of the emergency first-aid techniques that had saved his life. He studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time.
Kevin, now 17, was working in the kitchen when he heard people screaming, customers in confusion, employees rushing toward a table. He hurried into the main room and saw a woman there, her face turning blue, her hands at her throat. She was choking (哽住).
Quickly Kevin stepped behind her, wrapped his arms around her and clasped his hands. Then, using skills he’d first learned in Scouts, the food that was trapped in the woman’s throat was freed. The color began to return to her face.
“The food was stuck. I couldn’t breathe,” she said. She thought she was dying. “I was very frightened.”
Who was the woman?
Penny Brown.
51. Kevin Stephan fell to the ground and fainted probably because ________.
A. he was too excited when watching the game
B. he suffered heart attack all of a sudden
C. he stood close to the boy who was swinging his bat
D. he swung the bat too hard to keep his balance
52. Which of the following statements is True of Kevin Stephan?
A. He worked part-time in a local restaurant to save money for college
B. He was hit on the face by a boy and almost lost his life
C. He was a volunteer junior firefighter, teaching the players first-aid skills
D. He saved Penny Brown though he didn’t really know how to deal with food choke
53. Why did Penny Brown change her shift and was given the night off that night?
A. She was there to give her son directions
B. She came to watch her son’s game and cheered him
C. She was a little worried about his son’s safety
D. She volunteered to give medical services
54. After reading the passage, we can learn that________.
A. working part-time is a good way to save money for college.
B. when Penny Brown knew it was Kevin who had saved her, she would probably feel sad.
C. if Kevin didn’t learn the first-aid techniques, the miracle wouldn’t have happened.
D. Kevin’s parents would not be worried about his safety any longer.
【答案】51. B 52. A 53. B 54. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Kevin Stephan在作球童时，被棒球击中了胸口，心跳停止。一位球员的母亲Penny Brown救了他。随后Kevin Stephan开始学习急救措施，一次在餐厅做兼职时，一位女士被卡住，Kevin Stephan用自己学到过的急救措施救了这个女士，结果这位女士正是当年救他的Penny Brown。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Swinging his bat back and forth, and giving it all the power an elementary school kid could give, the boy brought the bat back hard and hit Kevin in the chest. His heart stopped.(男孩挥舞着球棒，使出了一个小学生所能发挥的全部力量，他猛地把球棒反击回来，击中了 Kevin的胸口。他的心跳停止了)”可知，Kevin Stephan摔倒在地，昏倒了可能是因为球击中他的胸口，导致心脏突然受到袭击。故选B。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“He studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time.(他在学校努力学习，业余时间在当地一家餐馆当洗碗工，为上大学攒钱)”可知，Kevin Stephan在当地一家餐馆做兼职，为上大学攒钱，故选A。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“When Kevin fell to the ground, the mother of one of the players rushed out of the stands to his aid. Penny Brown hadn’t planned to be there that day, but at the last minute, she changed her shift (轮班) at the hospital, and she was given the night off.(当 Kevin倒在地上时，其中一名球员的母亲冲出看台帮助他。Penny Brown本来没打算那天去的，但最后一刻，她换了医院的班，今晚不用去了)”可推知，Penny Brown换班是为了来看她儿子的比赛，为他加油，故选B。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Quickly Kevin stepped behind her, wrapped his arms around her and clasped his hands. Then, using skills he’d first learned in Scouts, the food that was trapped in the woman’s throat was freed. The color began to return to her face.(Kevin 很快走到她身后，用双臂环抱着她，紧紧地握住她的手。然后，使用他第一次在童子军学到的技能，被困在女人喉咙里的食物被释放出来。她的脸开始恢复血色)”和最后两句“Who was the woman?Penny Brown.(那个女人是谁？Penny Brown)”可知，Kevin用自己学到的急救措施，救了这个曾经救过他性命的女士。由此可推知，如果Kevin没有学会急救技巧奇迹就不会发生了。故选C。
(B)
History Fair Competition
Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun!
This Year’s Theme
All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.
Individuals or groups may enter one of the follow ing categories:
• Performance
• Documentary (纪实作品)
• Essay Writing
Category Requirements
Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used, they should truly represent a given period.
Doc umentary: A visual presentation (such as a video, slide show, or computer project) no more than 10 minutes long. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday, March 23.
Essay Writing : An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 w ords. No illustrations ( 图解)are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included.
Important Dates
February 5 Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script ( 剧本), or documentary highlights.
February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.
March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay
March 15 Performance and documentary committee preview
March 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition
7:00 A.M. — 9:00 A.M. Participants signing in at the gym
10:00 A.M. — 6:00 P.M. Competition and judges’ review
7:00 P.M. Awards ceremony and picnic
55. What is the theme of this year ’s competition?
A. Technology advances science.
B. Science interacts w ith technology.
C. Science has made the study of history easy.
D. Technology has improved the life of Americans.
56. What w ould a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement?
A. Include more information in the essay. B. Remove the references.
C. Provide a cover for the essay. D. Explain the details w ith illustrations.
57. What will the committee of teachers do on February 19?
A. Preview performances and documentaries.
B. Make comments on the materials.
C. Improve the participant’s first draft.
D. Collect a second proposal from the participant.
【答案】55. D 56. A 57. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一个竞赛须知。详细地介绍了竞赛的意义、参赛作品的主题、各项要求以及活动安排。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据This Year’s Theme部分All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. "可知，今年的主题涉及科技对美国人生活的改善。故选D。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据Category Requirements部分Essay Writing : An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. 可知，字数必须在2000到2500之间，因此1500字不够，必须添加更多的信息。故选A。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据Important Dates部分February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. 可知，2月19日，评委老师会对提交的材料给出意见，作出评论。故选B。
(C)
Dinner and a movie was a two-part affair, but increasingly, the two have merged into a single experience, allowing moviegoers to get fries and a beer while they watch the latest superhero blockbuster. Full-service theaters have become a Friday-night pastime as American as, well, going to the movies.
Dine-in cinemas are not altogether new. In the late 1980s, brothers Mike and Brian McMenamin opened one in Portland, Ore. A decade later, inspired by the McMenamins, Tim and Karrie League began pairing trendy beer with hits like The Craft at the Alamo Drafthouse in Austin. But in recent years, the trend has expanded from niche (小众) to mainstream. There are now 29 Alamo locations nationwide, from Omaha to El Paso.
Full-service theaters appeal to a broader, more regionally diverse customer base. At Movie Tavernin Roswell, Ga., for instance, you can order popcorn shrimp and a “Jumbo Jar” margarita while watching Jumanji:Welcome to the Jungle. AMC, the biggest U.S. movie-theater company, launched Dine-In, where meals can be ordered with the push of a button. iPic Theaters offers something similar to a first-class flying experience: leather reclining chairs and a menu developed by a James Beard Award-winning chef. For the most upscale experience, you’ll have to fly to Paris, where Europa Corp First Class, owned by The Fifth Element director Luc Besson, serves top-ranking food and service, such as champagne, caviar(鱼子酱) and Pierre Hermé macarons.
The rise in full-service moviegoing is a coincidence with declining ticket sales across the industry more broadly. North American movie attendance in 2017 dropped to what appears to be a 27-year low. The downward tendency is the continuation of a 15-year trend. Between lots of uninspired remakes hitting theaters, younger audiences choosing to consume content on their smartphones and the dramatic rise in the popularity of streaming(流媒体), it’s no wonder that theater owners are seeking creative ways to tempt customers off their couches. It’s working: despite a 2% decline in movie attendance over four years, AMC Dine-In achieved 4% growth in just two.
Full-service theaters are not without criticism. Though the servers attempt to do it on their tiptoes, many find them distracting when serving food. Some others prefer to eat post-movie for a chance to discuss what they’ve just watched. And as expensive as traditional theater discount tickets have become, prices tend to get higher once some fancy dishes are on the menu.
But for those with the funds, the full-service theater offers reason enough to quit online movies.
58. The combination of a dinner and a movie________.
A. introduces the latest movies and the best food
B. is a new business model appearing in recent years
C. is gaining much popularity in the downward trend of ticket sales
D. allows people to eat and watch a movie at the same time at home
59. The underlined word “upscale” is closest in meaning to________.
A. comfortable B. luxurious C. delicious D. creative
60. Which of the following statements is true about the passage?
A. Full-service theatres provide a perfect experience to their audiences.
B. Full-service theatres are a creative way to boost ticket sales.
C. Directors came up with the concept of full-service theatres.
D. 2017 saw the first ticket sales decrease in North America over the past 27 years.
61. The passage is intended to ________.
A. introduce an increasingly popular recreation
B. call on people to go to full-service theaters
C. argue whether full-service theaters are beneficial
D. blame streaming for the decrease in movie attendance
【答案】58. C 59. B 60. B 61. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了晚餐和看电影是两部分，但是人们却越来越多地将其结合成一个单一的体验，让看电影的人在观看最新的超级英雄大片的同时还能吃薯条和啤酒，全方位服务的剧院已经成为美国人周五晚上的消遣方式。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The rise in full-service moviegoing is a coincidence with declining ticket sales across the industry more broadly.(全方位服务观影的兴起与整个行业电影票销售的下滑不谋而合。)”可知吃饭和看电影的结合在门票销售下降的趋势中越来越受欢迎。故选C项。
【59题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词之前“iPic Theaters offers something similar to a first-class flying experience: leather reclining chairs and a menu developed by a James Beard Award-winning chef.( iPic剧院提供类似头等舱的飞行体验：皮革躺椅和由James Beard获奖厨师开发的菜单。)”以及划线词之后“you’ll have to fly to Paris, where Europa Corp First Class, owned by The Fifth Element director Luc Besson, serves top-ranking food and service, such as champagne, caviar(鱼子酱) and Pierre Hermé macarons.(你必须飞到巴黎，在那里由The Fifth Element director的导演Luc Besson所拥有的欧罗巴公司头等舱将提供服务一流的食品和服务，如香槟、鱼子酱和Pierre Hermé macarons。)”可知这次经历的级别和花费都非常高，所以划线词的意思与B项luxurious(奢华的)意思相近。故选B项。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“The rise in full-service movie going goes with declining ticket sales across the industry more broadly.(全方位服务观影的兴起与整个行业的票房收入普遍下滑相伴而生。)”可知，全方位服务的剧院是随着票房收入下降产生的，是一种促进门票销售的创新方式。故选B项。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了晚餐和看电影是两部分，但是人们却越来越多地将其结合成一个单一的体验，让看电影的人在观看最新的超级英雄大片的同时还能吃薯条和啤酒，全方位服务的剧院已经成为美国人周五晚上的消遣方式，所以这篇文章的目的是介绍一种日益流行的娱乐活动。故选A项。
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
We Americans ingest an average of 25 pounds of rice a year-- and a portion of that comes from drinking beer. Yes, rice is a sample in our diet. But is it safe one? Consumer Reports recently found “troubling” levels of inorganic arsenic (无机砷), a known substance which can cause cancer, in almost every rice-containing food it tested. ____62____. But rice takes up arsenic from soil and water more readily than other grains do.
Health-conscious consumers rely on brown rice, which has even more arsenic. In the Consumer Reports test, a quarter cup of uncooked white rice had roughly 1 to 7 micrograms of inorganic arsenic, while brown rice had 4 to 10 micrograms. Why is there the difference? ____63____.
Studies show that people exposed to large amounts of arsenic for many years are more likely to die of cancer. In Bangladesh, people who drank tap water that contained 50 to 149 micrograms of arsenic per liter for 20 or 30 years, for example, were 44 percent more likely to die of cancer. ____64____. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency limits the total amount of arsenic in drinking water to 10 micrograms per liter. But our total risk is unclear. There isn’t enough data to set a limit on inorganic arsenic in food, says the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Science.
The Bottom Line: ____65____. Consumer Reports recommends that adults eat no more than 1 1/2 to 2 cups of cooked (brown or white) rice a week. And here is a way to lessen risk: Rinse your rice, cook it in six parts water to one part rice until it reaches eating texture, and then pour off the extra water. This can remove about half the arsenic.
A. Until more studies are done, limit your consumption of arsenic.
B. This poisonous element is in a wide range of food-- including fruits, vegetables and grains.
C. Americans are lucky to be exposed to lower levels of arsenic.
D. You might wonder what one conscious portion of rice could do for your whole body.
E. The metal concentrates in the outer layers of brown rice tends to have more arsenic, which are polished off in white rice.
F. Brown rice appears to be the most effective whole grain for the healthy growth of human beings.
【答案】62. B 63. E 64. C 65. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是谷物中含有的无机砷对于人体的危害以及我们该如何减少对于无机砷的摄入。
【62题详解】
根据空前“Consumer Reports recently found “troubling” levels of inorganic arsenic (无机砷), a known substance which can cause cancer, in almost every rice-containing food it tested.(《消费者报告》最近在其测试的几乎每一种含米食品中都发现了“令人不安”的无机砷含量。无机砷是一种已知的致癌物质。)”可知致癌物质无机砷在几乎每一种含米食品中都能发现，根据空后“But rice takes up arsenic from soil and water more readily than other grains do.(但是大米比其他谷物更容易从土壤和水中吸收砷。)”可知大米比其他谷物更容易从土壤和水中吸收无机砷，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是无机砷广泛存在于其他食物中，B项This poisonous element is in a wide range of food-- including fruits, vegetables and grains.(这种有毒元素存在于各种各样的食物中，包括水果、蔬菜和谷物。)指出无机砷存在于各种各样的食物中，承接上文，引出下文，而且B项中的This poisonous element指代上文提到的inorganic arsenic，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
【63题详解】
根据空前“Health-conscious consumers rely on brown rice, which has even more arsenic. In the Consumer Reports test, a quarter cup of uncooked white rice had roughly 1 to 7 micrograms of inorganic arsenic, while brown rice had 4 to 10 micrograms. Why is there the difference?(注重健康的消费者依赖于含有更多砷的糙米。在《消费者报告》的测试中，四分之一杯未煮熟的白米含有大约1至7微克的无机砷，而糙米含有4至10微克。为什么会有不同呢?)”可知糙米中含有无机砷的数量远远大于未煮熟的白米中的无机砷的含量，由句末的why可知空处应该解释糙米中含有无机砷多的原因，E项The metal concentrates in the outer layers of brown rice tends to have more arsenic, which are polished off in white rice.(集中在糙米外层的金属往往含有更多的砷，这些砷在白米中被磨掉。)指出糙米中含有无机砷多的原因，符合上下文语境。故选E项。
【64题详解】
根据空前“Studies show that people exposed to large amounts of arsenic for many years are more likely to die of cancer. In Bangladesh, people who drank tap water that contained 50 to 149 micrograms of arsenic per liter for 20 or 30 years, for example, were 44 percent more likely to die of cancer.(研究表明，长期接触大量砷的人更有可能死于癌症。例如，在孟加拉国，饮用每升含有50至149微克砷的自来水20或30年的人死于癌症的可能性要高出44%。)”可知长期接触大量砷的人死于癌症的可能性更大，根据空后“The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency limits the total amount of arsenic in drinking water to 10 micrograms per liter.(美国环境保护署将饮用水中砷的总含量限制在每升10微克。)”可知美国政府对于饮水中砷的含量进行了限制，从而减少了美国人民患癌症的风险，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是由于政府的限制美国人接触的砷的量比较少，这对于他们来说是一件幸事，C项Americans are lucky to be exposed to lower levels of arsenic.(美国人很幸运能接触到较低水平的砷。)指出美国人是幸运的因为他们接触到的砷比较少，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
【65题详解】
根据空前“The Bottom Line:(底线就是：)”以及空后“Consumer Reports recommends that adults eat no more than 1 1/2 to 2 cups of cooked (brown or white) rice a week. And here is a way to lessen risk: Rinse your rice, cook it in six parts water to one part rice until it reaches eating texture, and then pour off the extra water. This can remove about half the arsenic.(消费者报告》建议成年人每周吃的煮熟米饭(糙米或白米)不要超过1.5到2杯。这里有一个降低风险的方法：把米饭洗净，用六份的水和一份的米煮，直到它达到吃的口感，然后把多余的水倒掉。这样可以去除大约一半的砷。)”可知本段主要讲的是怎样减少砷的摄入，所以空处应该讲要限制砷的摄入，A项Until more studies are done, limit your consumption of arsenic.(在更多的研究完成之前，限制你对砷的摄入。)指出要限制砷的摄入，符合上下文语境。故选A项。
第II卷
IV. Translation(86~87每题3分;88题4分;89题5分;共15分)
Directions: translation the following sentences into English, using the given word.
66. 能接触到多种资源让学生们开拓了眼界。(access) （汉译英）
【答案】Having access to various resources has broadened students’ horizons.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、动词和时态。句子陈述过去的动过造成的影响，用现在完成时；“能接触，能使用”表达为have access to，此处作主语，用其动名词形式；“各种各样的资源”表达为various resources，作介词to的宾语；“拓展”表达为broaden，作谓语，用现在完成时；“学生的眼界”表达为students’ horizons，作broaden的宾语。综上，故翻译为Having access to various resources has broadened students’ horizons.
67. 有着相似家庭背景的人相互间更容易产生共鸣。(identify) （汉译英）
【答案】People with similar family backgrounds are more likely to identify with each other.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“有着相似家庭背景的人”翻译为People with similar family backgrounds；表示“更容易”可用短语be more likely to do sth.；表示“产生共鸣”应用identify with each other，陈述客观事实用一般现在时。故翻译为People with similar family backgrounds are more likely to identify with each other.
68. 先进技术在日常生活中的应用极大地造福了老百姓。(benefit) （汉译英）
【答案】The application of advanced technology in daily life has greatly benefited the people.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句子描述从过去到现在发生的事，应用现在完成时。“先进技术的应用”翻译为the application of advanced technology，“日常生活中”为in daily life，“造福”为动词benefit，“极大地”为副词greatly，修饰谓语动词benefit，“老百姓”翻译为the people。主语是the application of advanced technology，助动词应用has。故整句翻译为The application of advanced technology in daily life has greatly benefited the people.
69. 庆祝丰收的同时感激大自然馈赠的珍贵食物是当地的风俗。(gratitude) （汉译英）
【答案】It is a local custom to celebrate the harvest and show gratitude to the nature for providing the precious food.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和时态。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。该句子可以用固定句型it is+名词+to do，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式。“当地的风俗”译为a local custom，“庆祝丰收”翻译为celebrate the harvest ，“因为……而感激……”为固定搭配show gratitude to...for...，“感激大自然馈赠的珍贵食物”翻译为show gratitude to the nature for providing the precious food，故整句翻译为It is a local custom to celebrate the harvest and show gratitude to the nature for providing the precious food.。
V. Guided writing (25分)
Directions: write a short passage according to the following Chinese instructions.
70. 随着城市的发展，不少地方的历史性老建筑都被拆除，为修建新的市政设施腾出空间。你赞成还是反对这种做法？请谈谈你的观点并陈述理由。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 With the development of the city, historic old buildings in many places have been demolished to make room for the construction of new municipal facilities. People have different opinions about it. In my opinion, the old buildings should be kept. The reasons are as follows.
There is no denying that some old buildings are of aesthetic, archaeological or architectural values. They might be either integral to a culture as a symbol of a city or a country or unique in the domain of architecture. Demolition of such buildings will inflict damage to cultural heritage and prevent architects from drawing their inspiration from their predecessors. Besides, the old buildings are unique. They are the bridge between the present and the past. Once demolished, our generations will not enjoy their beauty with their own eyes. If maintained well, they can become tourist spots and attract thousands of visitors from all over the world, which is very likely to increase the income of local residents and the government.
In a word, we should keep the old buildings which are worthwhile for both the city and the residents. Of course, those old buildings with little value ought to be pulled down, especially when they pose safety problems to people.
【解析】
【导语】本文是开放性作文。随着城市的发展，不少地方的历史性老建筑都被拆除，为修建新的市政设施腾出空间。你赞成还是反对这种做法？请谈谈你的观点并陈述理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
在我看来：In my opinion→As far as I am concerned
此外：Besides→In addition
旅游景点：tourist spots→tourist attractions
总之：In a word→In brief
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Besides, the old buildings are unique. They are the bridge between the present and the past.
拓展句：Besides, the old buildings are unique, which are the bridge between the present and the past.
【点睛】[高分句型1] If maintained well, they can become tourist spots and attract thousands of visitors from all over the world, which is very likely to increase the income of local residents and the government. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和if引导的状语从句的省略)
[高分句型2] In a word, we should keep the old buildings which are worthwhile for both the city and the residents. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3] Of course, those old buildings with little value ought to be pulled down, especially when they pose safety problems to people. (运用了when引导的状语从句)