2023年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语模拟卷（一）（含解析版+考试版+参考答案）

这是一份2023年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语模拟卷（一）（含解析版+考试版+参考答案），文件包含2023年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语模拟卷一解析版docx、2023年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语模拟卷一考试版docx、2023年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语模拟卷一参考答案docx等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共27页， 欢迎下载使用。
2022年12月北京普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷A

一、 听力理解 （共25小题； 每小题1分， 共25分）
略
二、完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A man was driving home when he saw a car stuck on the side of the road. So he ___26__ behind the car and got out. Even with a smile on his face, the lady was still ___27___ . He said, “I’m here to help you. By the way, my name is Bryan.”
All the problem she had was a ___28___ tire, which was bad enough for a lady. Bryan helped change the ___29___ , making hands dirty and hurt. She couldn’t thank him enough for coming to her ___30___ . She asked him how much she owed him. He never thought twice about the ___31___ . This was helping someone in ___32___ .
He waited until she ___33___ her car and drove off. It was a cold day, but he felt ___34___ as he headed for home.
Halfway the lady stopped to grab a bite to___35___at a small cafe. A waitress came over with a sweet smile. She ___36__ that the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant. After the meal, when the waitress went to get the __37__ for her hundred dollar bill, she left _____38____ . The waitress found the words on the napkin under which was four $100 bills—“Somebody once helped me out, and I won’t let this _____39_____ of love end with me.”
That night when the waitress got home, she shared the story with her husband and whispered, “With the _____40_____ due next month, it may be hard, but everything’s gonna be all right, Bryan.”
26．A．took over B．pulled up C．turned around D．broke down
27．A．worried B．Embarrassed C．disappointed D．annoyed
28．A．round B．spare C．flat D．thick
29．A．engine B．tire C．car D．route
30．A．link B．chat C．event D．aid
31．A．money B．idea C．problem D．fact
32．A．disaster B．panic C．need D．danger
33．A．processed B．polished C．struck D．started
34．A．nervous B．good C．touched D．puzzled
35．A．eat B．work C．sing D．appoint
36．A．wished B．admitted C．introduced D．noticed
37．A．product B．treasure C．change D．income
38．A．quietly B．patiently C．sincerely D．excitedly
39．A．target B．chain C．wisdom D．reward
40．A．holiday B．plan C．success D．baby
【答案】
26．B 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．D
31．A 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A
36．D 37．C 38．A 39．B 40．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一名男子帮助了车胎在路上坏掉的女士，女士又帮助了咖啡馆的女服员，而服务员恰好是男子的妻子。故事告诉我们：好人有好报。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意，于是他在小车后面停下，然后下车。A. took over接管，移交；B. pulled up停车；C. turned around转身；D. broke down坏掉，崩溃。根据下文“and got out”可知，男子把自己的车停了下来。故选B。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他脸上带着微笑，女士还是很担心。A. worried担心的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. disappointed失望的；D. annoyed生气的。根据下文“He said, “I’m here to help you. By the way, my name is Bryan.””可知，男子给女士解释他是来帮助她的。由此推知，女士对半路出现的他感到害怕、担心。故选A。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的问题是车胎没气了，这对一位女士来说是非常糟糕的。A. round圆的；B. spare空闲的；C. flat平坦的、瘪的；D. thick厚的。根据上文“he saw a car stuck on the side of the road.”推知，女士的车因为车胎没气而停在路边，a flat tire“车胎瘪了”。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bryan帮忙换了车胎，手弄得又脏又痛。A. engine引擎；B. tire轮胎；C. car汽车；D. route路线。根据上文“All the problem she had was a 　　3　　 tire”可知，是车胎出了问题，因此Bryan帮忙换了车胎。故选B。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于他的帮助，女士感激不尽。A. link连接；B. chat聊天；C. event事件；D. aid帮助。根据上文““I’m here to help you. By the way, my name is Bryan.””可知，Bryan给女士提供了帮助，所以女士感激他。come to one’s aid“来帮某人”。故选D。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从来没有想过要钱。A. money金钱；B. idea想法，主意；C. problem问题；D. fact事实。根据上文“She asked him how much she owed him.”可知，此处是指Bryan不会因为此事而收女士的钱。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只是帮助一个有需要的人。A. disaster灾难；B. panic恐慌；C. need需要；D. danger危险。in need“有需要的”常作后置定语。此处指帮助有需要的人。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他等着她发动汽车并开走。A. processed处理；B. polished抛光，润色；C. struck袭击；D. started开始，发动。根据“drove off”可知，此处指等着女士发动汽车。故选D。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这天很冷，但他在回家的路上感觉很好。A. nervous焦虑的；B. good好的；C. touched感动的；D. puzzled困惑的。呼应上文“It was a cold day”此处指，虽然天气寒冷，但因为帮助了别人，男子所以感觉很好。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：半路上，女士在一家小咖啡馆停下吃东西。A. eat吃；B. work工作；C. sing唱歌；D. appoint指派，任命。根据下文“After the meal”可知，女士准备在咖啡馆吃点东西。故选A。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她注意到女服务员怀孕大概8个月了。A. wished希望；B. admitted承认，录取；C. introduced介绍，引进；D. noticed注意到。根据下文“the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant.”可知，这是服务员走近女士时，女士看到的。故选D。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：吃完后，当服务员去给百元大钞找零时，她默默地离开了。A. product产品；B. treasure宝藏，珍宝；C. change改变，零钱；D. income收入。根据常识和下文“for her hundred dollar bill”推知，一顿简餐不会花费太多，因此服务员去找零。故选C。
38．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. quietly安静地、悄悄地；B. patiently耐心地；C. sincerely真诚地；D. excitedly兴奋地。根据下文“the words on the napkin under which was four $100 bills”推知，女士悄悄地离开了咖啡馆。故选A。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人曾经帮助过我，我不会让这条爱的链条在我这儿中断。A. target目标；B. chain链条；C. wisdom智慧；D. reward回报。结合上文故事，男子帮助女士，女士后来又帮助服务员，因此这是一条爱的链条。故选B。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上女服务员回家把故事讲给了丈夫听，并低声说道：“孩子下个月就要出生了，这可能很难，但一切都会好起来的，Bryan”。A. holiday假期；B. plan计划；C. success成功；D. baby婴儿。根据上文“that the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant.”可知，此处是说婴儿将在下个月降临人世。故选D。
三、阅读理解 （共两节，40分）
第一节（共16小题；每小题2分，共32分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Hunger is the greatest motive for the inexperienced cook. But many people are now worried that we are producing a generation without the slightest idea of how to cook—a generation that is frightened to cook. I have just received a handout from Focus on Food, which is running a competition to get children back into the kitchen. Has television cooking become a replacement for the real thing? Is this an age where famous professional cooks have turned cooking into a sort of show, with dishes far too difficult for the beginners to copy?
I decided to ask my oldest daughter, Miranda, for her opinion. Are children earning enough about the importance of good cooking? Do they know cooking is a basic life skill? Sociology and other “new” subjects are all very well, but without the ability to cook, or to understand the pleasure and principles of good food and its relationship to good health, are we really preparing them for adult life?
Miranda started her cooking at the age of nine, when she decided to enter the Sainsbury’s Future Cook competition. She was motivated by a different kind of greed: the first prize — a trip to Disney World.
The problem, from the parental point of view, was that if she made it through to the regional (区域性的) finals, she would have to cook her meal in front of the judges. Some 30,000 children entered and she made it through as the youngest regional finalist. Now she had to learn to cook. Her hands were not even big enough to hold the knife and slice the onions. Six Saturdays running we ate the same lunch—Mozzarella meatballs in fresh tomato juice and blueberry.
First, she cooked by my side, then alone with timings and instructions. Finally, she went alone against the clock. The kitchen looked like a battlefield, but she had gained victory. The tiny be—capped figure then stood in an unknown Bristol hotel, looking like a professional who had been at the stove for years. She didn’t win, but she came home with £50 and the most valuable part of them all: confidence.
41．The competition run by Focus on Food is intended for ______.
A．children B．parents C．teachers D．chefs
42．Why does the writer think cooking is so important?
A．It is an easy way to keep healthy. B．It helps develop relationships.
C．It is a necessary skill for life. D．It can save a lot of money.
43．The writer’s family had the same lunch on six Saturdays because ______.
A．the family stuck to healthy food B．Miranda had to practice cooking
C．the dish was the family’s only food D．the dish was Miranda’s favorite meal
44．What did Miranda gain from the competition?
A．A trip to Disney World. B．Support from friends.
C．A medal for the winner. D．Belief in herself.
【答案】41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要说明了作者让大女儿参加厨艺比赛，作者认为这是一项基本的生活技能，非常重要。最终女儿虽然没有赢得比赛，但是获得了自信。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I have just received a handout from Focus on Food, which is running a competition to get children back into the kitchen.(我刚刚收到了“关注食物”组织的一份传单，该组织正在举办一场让孩子们重返厨房的比赛)”可知，由“关注食物”组织的比赛主要针对孩子。故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Are children earning enough about the importance of good cooking? Do they know cooking is a basic life skill? Sociology and other “new” subjects are all very well, but without the ability to cook, or to understand the pleasure and principles of good food and its relationship to good health, are we really preparing them for adult life?(孩子们是否足够了解好厨艺的重要性？他们知道烹饪是一项基本的生活技能吗？社会学和其他“新”学科都很好，但如果没有烹饪的能力，或不了解美食的乐趣和原则及其与健康的关系，我们真的能让他们为成年生活做好准备吗？)”可知，作者认为烹饪如此重要因为这是生活的必要技能。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Now she had to learn to cook. Her hands were not even big enough to hold the knife and slice the onions. Six Saturdays running we ate the same lunch—Mozzarella meatballs in fresh tomato juice and blueberry.(现在她必须学会做饭。她的手还不够大，拿不动刀切洋葱。连续六个星期六，我们吃着同样的午餐——新鲜番茄汁和蓝莓马苏里拉肉丸)”可知，作者的家人在六个星期六吃同样的午餐，是因为米兰达不得不练习烹饪。故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“She didn’t win, but she came home with £50 and the most valuable part of them all: confidence.(她没有赢，但她带着50英镑和其中最宝贵的部分回家：信心)”可知，米兰达从比赛中收获了相信自己。故选D。
B
In today’s short attention span information-overloaded age, there are new challenges for creative workers.
For creators, the news and information cycle is so fast that to earn attention for your work suggests you have to keep up with it all. But the other side of that technological coin is that it’s easier than ever to make things and distribute them online.
Of course the entire planet does not care when yet more media is added to the world. But even 50 years ago, before the Internet, there were more films made each year than anyone could possibly see and more books published annually than anyone could read.
Before the web there was often no way to get your work distributed unless you had permission. Given the choice of a) depending on the approval of others to finish projects and share them with the world, but having fewer competitors vs.b) being able to put anything into the world, but I have to compete with everyone else for attention, I definitely choose b. At least I have a chance. At least I can compete, and use my skills at creation as an advantage.
Attention from fans matters more than the rest of the world. The most famous people in any media get most of the attention. But the fallacy is that you need to be in that top 1% or 5% to make a living. As a matter of fact, you simply need enough fans and attention to earn you enough money to make a living.
A creative life is not the safe and secure path. The more creative the life you choose, the more risk that will come with it. It can be wonderfully rewarding, but you are choosing to compete to earn a living, and even if you do everything right, the chances are that you can still fail. I recommend doing it anyway, since you will learn more about life and yourself by taking the challenging path, but you should do it with your eyes open.
45．In what way was the situation 50 years ago similar to the mentioned one?
A．People needed to compete for attention.
B．Few people cared about creative works.
C．Many people engaged in creative work.
D．People had difficulty in spreading their works.
46．Why does the author choose “b” instead of “a”?
A．He is afraid of fierce competition.
B．He wants to have more competitors.
C．He is badly in need of more attention.
D．He values the opportunity to compete.
47．What does the underlined word “fallacy” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．A new opinion. B．A wrong belief.
C．A valuable idea. D．A strange concept.
48．What’s the author’s attitude to a creative life?
A．Critical. B．Doubtful.
C．Supportive. D．Ambiguous.
【答案】45．A 46．D 47．B 48．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。如今是注意力经济时代，那些从事创造性工作的自由职业者面临着更加激烈的竞争和挑战。
45．推理判断题。根据第二段“For creators, the news and information cycle is so fast that to earn attention for your work suggests you have to keep up with it all. But the other side of that technological coin is that it’s easier than ever to make things and distribute them online.”（对于创作者来说，新闻和信息周期是如此之快，要想为自己的作品赢得关注，就意味着你必须跟上所有的新闻和信息）根据第三段“But even 50 years ago, before the Internet, there were more films made each year than anyone could possibly see and more books published annually than anyone could read.”（但即使是在50年前，在互联网出现之前，每年制作的电影数量也超过了任何人能看到的数量，出版的书籍数量也超过了任何人能阅读的数量）可知，50年前的情况和上面提到的相似之处在于人们需要争夺注意力。故选A。
46．细节理解题。根据第四段“but I have to compete with everyone else for attention, I definitely choose b. At least I have a chance. At least I can compete, and use my skills at creation as an advantage.”（但我必须和其他人竞争注意力，我肯定会选b。至少我还有机会。至少我可以与之竞争，并将自己的创作技能作为优势）可知，作者之所以选择b是因为他更珍惜当今时代网络所提供的自由竞争的机会。故选D。
47．词句猜测题。根据下句“As a matter of fact, you simply need enough fans and attention to earn you enough money to make a living.”（事实上，你只需要有足够的粉丝和注意力就可以维持生活）也就是说，你不需要成为那顶尖的1%或5%。由此可知，作者认为前面的说法是错误的。即划线词意为“错误的的观点”。故选B。
48．推理判断题。根据最后一段“A creative life is not the safe and secure path. The more creative the life you choose, the more risk that will come with it. It can be wonderfully rewarding, but you are choosing to compete to earn a living, and even if you do everything right, the chances are that you can still fail. I recommend doing it anyway, since you will learn more about life and yourself by taking the challenging path, but you should do it with your eyes open.”（创造性的生活并不是一条安全可靠的道路。你选择的生活越有创意，随之而来的风险就越大。它可能是非常有回报的，但你是在选择竞争来谋生，即使你做的每件事都是正确的，你仍然有可能失败。我建议无论如何都要这么做，因为你会在这条充满挑战的道路上对生活和自己有更多的了解，但你应该睁大眼睛去做）可知，作者认为，虽然从事创造性工作有很大的风险，但是作者还是建议人们去从事这一行业。由此推知，作者对创造性生活的态度是积极的。故选C。
C
According to scientists, it’s a fundamental part of our human nature to look for these qualities—— the full lips, clear skin and strong shoulders—— in a mate.
Not everyone agrees with this idea, however. “Our hardwiredness(固定思维模式) can be changed by all sorts of expectations—mainly cultural,” says C．Loring Brace,a researcher at the University of Michigan. Look in most Western fashion magazines, for example, and the women on the pages are thin. But is this the “perfect” body type for women worldwide? Douglas Yu,a biologist from Great Britain, says no; what is considered beautiful is subjective and varies around the world. Yu found in one study, for example, that native peoples in Southeast Peru preferred shapes regarded as overweight in Western culture.
Take another example: In every culture, one’s hairstyle sends a clear message. In the Huli culture of Papua New Guinea, men grow their hair long as a symbol of health and strength. Teenage boys in this culture learn from a young age to style and decorate their hair—a behavior more commonly associated with the opposite gender in many cultures. It is also the men in this culture who are the objects of beauty. For certain festivals and celebrations, men dress up and paint their faces. The more colorful a man is, the more attractive he is considered.
For better or worse, beauty plays a role in our lives. But it is extremely difficult to define exactly what makes one person attractive to another. Although there do seem to be certain physical traits that are considered universally appealing, it is also true that beauty does not always obey a single, uniform standard. A person’s cultural background, for example, may influence what he or she finds attractive in others. In the end, beauty really is, as the saying goes, in the eye of the beholder.
49．What can we infer about scientists’opinion in Paragraph 1?
A．Everyone has a desire to look good.
B．There is a generally accepted opinion about beauty.
C．Health and strength are equal to beauty.
D．Women are hungrier to look attractive than men.
50．Which of the following best explains “subjective” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A．Personal. B．Complex. C．Powerful. D．Modern.
51．What is considered attractive in Huli culture?
A．Clear skin. B．Overweight females.
C．Colorful men. D．Straight hair.
52．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Beauty is culture-specific. B．Beauty is reflected in lifestyles.
C．Beauty has uniform standards. D．Geography determines attitudes.
【答案】49．B 50．A 51．C 52．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同文化对美的不同理解，强调对美的认识是有文化特性的。
49．推理判断题。根据第一段“According to scientists, it’s a fundamental part of our human nature to look for these qualities—— the full lips, clear skin and strong shoulders—— in a mate.(科学家们表示，在伴侣身上寻找这些品质——丰满的嘴唇、干净的皮肤和强壮的肩膀——是我们人性的基本组成部分。)”可知，在伴侣身上寻找这些特性是人类天性的一部分，因此关于美有一种普遍接受的观点。故选B。
50．词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“Look in most Western fashion magazines, for example, and the women on the pages are thin. But is this the “perfect” body type for women worldwide? Douglas Yu, a biologist from Great Britain, says no;(例如，看看大多数西方时尚杂志，页面上的女性都很瘦。但这就是全世界女性的“完美”身材吗?来自英国的生物学家Douglas Yu说没有；)”和后句“Yu found in one study, for example, that native peoples in Southeast Peru preferred shapes regarded as overweight in Western culture.(例如，Yu在一项研究中发现，秘鲁东南部的当地人喜欢西方文化中被认为超重的身材。)”并结合本段内容可知，对于什么是美的看法是主观和不同的。所以subjective为“主观的；个人的”之意。故选A。
51．细节理解题。根据第三段“The more colorful a man is, the more attractive he is considered.(一个男人的肤色越丰富，人们就认为他越有吸引力。)”可知，在湖里文化中，男性色彩越鲜艳，越会被认为有魅力。故选C。
52．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“A person’s cultural background, for example, may influence what he or she finds attractive in others.(例如，一个人的文化背景可能会影响他或她对他人吸引力的判断。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了不同文化对美的不同理解，强调对美的认识是有文化特性的。故选A。
D
The beautiful island country of Madagascar has a serious school shortage. About a third of Malagasy children have no access to education because the schools are too far away or severely overcrowded. Thinking Huts, a non-profit dedicated to increasing global access to education, plans to tackle the issue with a series of 3D-printed schools, the first of which was completed in April 2022.
The 765-square-feet structure, named Bougainvillea, will house 30 students. The construction began with the printer pouring a cement-like(水泥状) mixture in a pattern to create the walls. The entire process took just 18 hours! The roof, doors and windows were locally sourced, and the walls were made of a cement mixture that can resist big environmental pressures in the area. Bougainvillea was 3D printed by 14 Trees, a company with experience printing buildings throughout Kenya and Malawi.
Maggie Grouts, the 22-year-old founder of Thinking Huts, is a senior at the University of Colorado and was just 15 when she started Thinking Huts. Adopted from a rural village when she was 18months old, Grout realized that not all kids were as fortunate as her and wanted to help. The idea for the3D-printed schools came to her after brainstorming with her father on ways to use the technology for the greater good.
The 3D printing approach shrinks the construction turnaround time from months to days, as well as the cost. This allows more schools to be built in less time and reduces the building’s carbon footprints. And these savings in time, cost and materials meet a real need for education infrastructure (基础设施) to help bridge the global opportunity gap.
“Thinking Huts hopes to have a Thinking Hut in every community where children do not have a place for education and is fundraising to develop this goal. By using 3D printing, we are combining the potential of technology with architectural solutions that tackle real problems the world faces within education,” says Grouts.
53．What are 3D-printed schools intended for?
A．Reducing construction wastes.
B．Helping deal with a shortage of schools.
C．Providing high-quality education for local students.
D．Drawing public attention to 3D-printing technology.
54．Which of the following statements best describes Bougainvillea?
A．It has a complex architectural structure.
B．It features strong resistance to bad weather.
C．It is built with the help of the local government.
D．It can hold more students than traditional schools.
55．What can be inferred about Maggie Grouts from the text?
A．She is truly creative and warmhearted.
B．She had no access to school as a child.
C．She is devoted to designing 3D-printed products.
D．She raised money for kids from rural areas.
56．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4?
A．The advantages of 3D-printed schools.
B．The wide popularity of 3D-printing technology.
C．The significance of narrowing the global opportunity gap.
D．The impact of 3D-printed buildings on the environment.
【答案】53．B 54．B 55．A 56．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Maggie Grouts在马达加斯加创办3D打印学校的事迹。
53．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The beautiful island country of Madagascar has a serious school shortage. (美丽的岛国马达加斯加存在严重的学校短缺问题。)”及“Thinking Huts, a non-profit dedicated to increasing global access to education, plans to tackle the issue with a series of 3D-printed schools, the first of which was completed in April 2022. (致力于增加全球教育机会的非营利组织Thinking Huts计划通过一系列3D打印学校来解决这一问题，其中第一所学校已于2022年4月建成。)”可知，3D打印学校的目的是帮助解决学校短缺问题。故选B项。
54．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The 765-square-feet structure, named Bougainvillea, will house 30 students. (这座占地765平方英尺的建筑名为Bougainvillea，将容纳30名学生。)”及“The roof, doors and windows were locally sourced, and the walls were made of a cement mixture that can resist big environmental pressures in the area. (屋顶、门和窗户都来自当地，墙壁由水泥混合物制成，可以抵抗该地区巨大的环境压力。)”可知，Bougainvillea的建筑特点是抵抗坏天气能力强。故选B项。
55．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Adopted from a rural village when she was 18months old, Grout realized that not all kids were as fortunate as her and wanted to help. The idea for the3D-printed schools came to her after brainstorming with her father on ways to use the technology for the greater good. (Grouts在18个月大的时候从一个农村被收养，她意识到并不是所有的孩子都像她一样幸运，她想要帮助他们。建立3D打印学校的想法来自于她和父亲的头脑风暴，讨论如何将这项技术用于更大的利益。)”可知，Maggie Grouts很有创造力（创办3D打印学校），也很热心（帮助孩子们接受教育）。故选A项。
56．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The 3D printing approach shrinks the construction turnaround time from months to days, as well as the cost. This allows more schools to be built in less time and reduces the building’s carbon footprints. And these savings in time, cost and materials meet a real need for education infrastructure (基础设施) to help bridge the global opportunity gap. (3D打印方法将施工周转时间从几个月缩短到几天，也降低了成本。这使得在更短的时间内建造更多的学校，减少了建筑的碳足迹。这些在时间、成本和材料上的节省满足了教育基础设施的实际需求，以帮助弥合全球机会差距。)”等内容可知，本段主要讲了3D打印学校的优势。故选A项。
第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，共8分)
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后 具体要求，写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
It’s hard to imagine life without smartphones or mobile devices. But it wasn’t until 3G that smartphones began to influence and change our life. Since then, faster network speeds have been contributing to the creation and widespread use of cloud technology enabling ride-sharing apps， HD entertainment, and video calls. While 3G and 4G powered these services, 5G represents another connectivity jump beginning this year.
5G is known for last speeds, low latency—the time between data request and its delivery, and more capacity—the amount that the data can be contained, setting the stage for immediate improvements to existing experiences as well as the development of new, yet-to-be-imagined technological advancements.
From day 1, 5G is designed to make everything faster, providing fiber-like speeds to support great demand for unlimited data. You should notice improved download speeds, superior quality video streaming and virtually instant cloud access as 5G is launched in 2019. And it should be easier than ever to download your favorite series at the airport or deliver massive files to colleagues when you’re on the go. What’s more，5G is designed to deliver entirely new real-time experiences we’ve never had before.
One good thing about 5 G and edge computing is extended reality， which could transform your experience from passive watching to living the moment. The other good thing is AR shopping， which can make the shopping experience more fun， an experience that can allow you to see how a sofa will fit in your home， a try-it-before-you-buy-it type of experience.
2020 has been declared the year in which 5G will become commercially possible. Global carriers have started 5G speed trials. Developed cities will be the first to experience 5G， as rural areas currently lack the infrastructure (基础设施) to support the network. In order to continue to advance technologically， we will need a stronger network. The future of innovation (创新) depends on the successful implementation (实现) of 5G—and when we get there， it will truly revolutionize the world.
57．What is 5G known for? (不多于7个单词)
_______________________
58．What are the two good things about 5G? (不多于5个单词)
_______________________
59．Where will 5G first be experienced? (不多于3个单词)
_______________________
60．What is the purpose of the passage? (不多于4个单词)
_______________________
【答案】
57．Fast speeds, low latency and more capacity.
58．Extended reality and AR shopping.
59．In developed cities.
60．To introduce 5G.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了关于5G的相关信息。
57．考查细节理解能力。由第二段“5G is known for last speeds, low latency—the time between data request and its delivery, and more capacity—the amount that the data can be contained”可知，5G以最快的速度、较低的延迟(数据请求到交付之间的时间)和更大的容量(数据可以包含的容量)而闻名。故回答为：Fast speeds, low latency and more capacity。
58．考查细节理解能力。由倒数第二段“One good thing about 5 G and edge computing is extended reality. The other good thing is AR shopping”可知，5g的一个好处是扩展现实，另一个好处是AR购物。故回答为：Extended reality and AR shopping。
59．考查细节理解能力。由最后段“ Developed cities will be the first to experience 5G”可知，发达城市将率先体验5G。故回答为： In developed cities。
60．考查推理判断能力。通读全文可知，短文介绍了5G出名的原因，它的功能，使用它的好处以及2020年将进行商业化的模式。所以短文的主要目的是在介绍5G。故回答为：To introduce 5G。
四、书面表达 （共1小题，20分）

在你成长过程中一定有一些对你有帮助、对你很重要的人。假定你是李华，请以“An Important Person in My Life”为题，用英语写一篇短文给校报投稿，内容包括：
1. 对你很重要的人是谁；
2. 对你很重要的原因；
3. 你想如何回报他（她）。
注意：词数100左右。（文章的标题和开头已给出， 不计入总词数）
An Important Person in My Life
On the journey of my growth, there were many people who cared about me and helped me when I was in trouble.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

An Important Person in My Life
On the journey of my growth, there were many people who cared about me and helped me when I was in trouble. My mother is the most important person in my life.
My mother gave birth to me. From then on, she keeps company with me, giving me encouragement to overcome difficulties in my way of growing up, sharing my happiness about my progress. As we all know, parents are the best teachers of their children. My mother lets me know what love is, and I should often help others. When I meet trouble, my mother often says:" believe yourself, you can do." When we meet trouble, my mother always braves. I want to brave, just like mother. I'm so happy to have such a good mother. I will keep on studying hard, never let her down, and I believe my dream will come true.
I love my mother because she is not only my mother but she is also my good friend.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生请以“An Important Person in My Life”为题，用英语写一篇短文给校报投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
陪伴：accompany→ keep sb. company
很高兴做某事：be pleased to do sth.→ be happy to do sth.
继续做某事：continue to do sth.→ keep on doing sth.
实现：realize→ come true
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：From then on, she keeps company with me, giving me encouragement to overcome difficulties in my way of growing up, sharing my happiness about my progress.
拓展句：From then on, she keeps company with me, who gives me encouragement to overcome difficulties in my way of growing up and share my happiness about my progress.
【点睛】[高分句型1] From then on, she keeps company with me, giving me encouragement to overcome difficulties in my way of growing up, sharing my happiness about my progress. (运用了现在分词短语作状语)
[高分句型2] My mother lets me know what love is, and I should often help others. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型3] I love my mother because she is not only my mother but she is also my good friend.
(运用了because引导的原因状语从句)