专题4.重难点，易错点归纳及精练（必修第二册） ——2023年高中英语学业水平考试专项精讲+测试（译林版2020）

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重难点，易错点归纳及精练（必修第二册）
Unit1 Lights,Camera,Action!
1.familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的
sb.be familiar with sth.某人熟悉某事物
sth.be familiar to sb.某物为某人所熟悉
2.attach vt.认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上
(1)attach...to...认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接
attach importance/significance/value...to...认为……有重要性/意义/价值等
(2)attached adj.附加的；依恋的，爱慕的
(be) attached to喜欢，依恋；附属于
3.prefer vt.较喜欢，更喜欢
(1)prefer (sb.) to do sth.宁愿(某人)做某事
(2)prefer doing (sth.) to doing (sth.)
＝prefer to do...rather than do...
＝would do...rather than do...
＝would rather do...than do...
宁愿做……而不愿做……
(3)preference n．偏爱；喜爱
have a preference for对……偏爱
注意：prefer表示“更喜欢”，相当于like better/more，所以prefer不与比较级连用；prefer的过去式、过去分词为preferred，现在分词为preferring。
4.approach n.接近，靠近；方法 vt.接近，靠近；处理
(1)be approaching正在/将要接近
(2)at the approach of在……快到的时候
an approach to (doing)...(做)……的方法或途径
注意：approach作名词“方法；通路”解时，其后接介词to。
5.with复合结构
本句中with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen 为with 复合结构，在句中作状语。with复合结构在句中常作状语，表示伴随状况、原因、方式、条件等。常用结构如下：
with＋宾语＋
6.next time引导时间状语从句
next time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，有这类用法的词语还有：
(1)the first time第一次
the last time上一次
each/every time每次……时
(2)
7.aid n.& vi.& vt.帮助；援助；资助
(1)with the aid of sb.＝with sb.’s aid 在某人的帮助下
come to one’s aid 来帮助某人
(2)帮助某人(做)某事
8.award n.奖，奖品，奖金 vt.授予；判给；奖赏
win/receive/get an award for sth.因某事而得奖
award sth.to sb.＝award sb.sth.授予/判给某人某物
9.cure n.药物，疗法；治疗 vt.治愈；治疗；纠正/去除(弊端等)
a cure for...……的治疗方法；治愈……的方法
cure sb.of sth.治愈某人的某种疾病；矫正/改正某人的不良行为
注意：cure 强调结果，“治疗，治愈”；treat 强调过程。
10.recommend vt.推荐，举荐；劝告，建议
(1)recommend sb.sth.＝recommend sth.to sb.向某人推荐某物
recommend sb.as...推荐某人担任……
recommend doing sth.建议做某事
recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事
recommend that sb.(should) do sth.建议某人做某事
(2)recommendation n．推荐，建议
11.major adj.主要的，重要的 vi.主修，专攻 n.专业课；主修科目
(1)major in主修……(专业)
(2)majority n．大部分；大多数
be in the/a majority占多数
a/the majority of大多数
注意：“a/the majority of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词保持一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。
12.强调谓语
do/does/did＋动词原形，用于强调谓语，加强语气，意为“确实做了……”。但要注意以下几点：
(1)句子是肯定句；
(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时；
(3)只能用来强调谓语动词，若强调主语、宾语、表语、状语等，则应用It is/was...that/who...句型进行强调。
①The trip along the Yangtze does make you learn a lot about the history of China.
长江之行确实让你了解了很多关于中国的历史。
②Do write to me as soon as you adapt to the new surroundings.
13.typical adj.典型的，有代表性的
(1)be typical of典型的，特有的
It is typical of sb.to do sth.某人做某事是经常的/某人一贯做某事。
(2)typically adv.通常，一般；典型地；果然
14.pull up停车，停止
pull down拆毁；摧毁
pull in (火车等)到站，进站
pull over驶向路边(或某处)停靠
pull through康复，痊愈；渡过难关
一.单词拼写
1．As is known to all，the birds fly south with the of winter.
2．He was (授予) the Nobel Prize for achievements in Literature.
3．With the final exam approaching，all the students are (复习，修订) their lessons.
4．He (表现) well and won the first prize in the speech contest.
5．Many companies are trying to encourage their employees to be (有创造力的)．
6．In order to (确保) success，we must have a complete and thorough plan.
7．My uncle is a whose speciality is the history of the Ming Dynasty.
8．As a new graduate，he will much importance to his first interview.
9．The Internet (使能够，使可行) us to communicate with others easily even if we live in the opposite side of the world.
10．Environmentalists say one of the most critical (因素) in the city’s pollution is its population.
二.单词拼写
1．I and said hello to him，but he just ignored me and walked away.
2．There was only a (狭窄的) gap between the bed and the wall.
3．Thank you for (推荐) me the book Gone with the Wind.
4． (尽管) applying for hundreds of jobs，he hasn’t got one.
5．Women are in the in the company；men are in the minority.
6．He found it was the culture that made him difficult to to the new life.
7．What differences do you know about American and Chinese school (制度)?
8．Actually，we are all familiar with the fact that cancer can only be controlled，not .
三.单句语法填空
1．The old man was able to get around the aid of a walking stick.
2．The bus is too crowded；I prefer walking home taking the bus.
3．Environmental problems are discussed quite (frequent)．
4．Absorbed in painting，John didn’t notice evening (approach)．
5．It’s easy for you to say that，but (actual) it is not so simple.
6．When actors finish their (perform)，they usually take a bow to the audience.
四.选词填空

1．His car in front of the school gate.
2．Women are frequently advised not to physics in college.
3．It’s amazing how quickly people a new environment.
4．Being humorous and aggressive，and making fun of each other American actors.
5．Doctors are now able to people many diseases which would have killed them before.
五.单句写作
1．下次你去看科幻电影的时候，叫上你妹妹。 (next time)
，ask your sister to join you.
2．在这种雨天，我宁愿待在家里也不愿外出。(prefer)
I on such a rainy day.
3．由于下周考试临近，我没有时间参加社交活动。 (approach)
next week，I have no time for social activities.
4．无论他做什么，他不仅细心，而且考虑周全。
，he is not only careful but thoughtful.
Unit2 Be Sporty,Be Healthy
1.congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺
(1)congratulations to sb.on (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人祝贺
offer/express one’s congratulations to sb.向某人表示祝贺
(2)congratulate vt.祝贺；向……道贺
congratulate sb.on (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人祝贺
注意：congratulation 常用复数形式，表示祝贺。congratulation 可单独使用，也可在其后加介词，接事时用介词 on，接人时用介词to。
2.tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看；护理
(1)tend to do sth.易于做某事，倾向于做某事
tend (to) sb./sth.照顾/护理/看护……
(2)tendency n.趋向；倾向
have a tendency to do sth.喜欢做某事；倾向于做某事
There is a tendency to (do)/towards sth.有一种(做)……的趋势/倾向。
3.range n.种类；范围，区间 v.排列；(在一定范围内)变化，变动
(1)a range of一系列的，各种
within range of 在可及的范围内
beyond/out of one’s range超出某人的能力范围
(2)range from...to...在……范围内变化
4.prevent v.阻止，阻碍，阻挡
(1)阻止某人/某物……做某事
(2)类似的结构还有：
protect...from/against (doing)...保护……免受……伤害
(3)prevention n.阻止，预防
注意：在主动语态中与stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略，但在被动语态中from都不可省略。
5.lack n.缺乏；匮乏 vi.& vt.缺乏，短缺，不足，没有
(1)(a) lack of缺少……
for lack of由于缺少……
(2)lack sth.缺乏……
(3)lacking adj.缺乏的；缺少的
be lacking in缺少……
6.状语从句的省略
(1)句中when exercising是状语从句的省略形式，when后省略了you are。
(2)当when，while，if，unless，once，as if等引导状语从句时，若从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it且从句的谓语部分含有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
①When (you are) praised by others，you should keep modest.
②Unless (I am) invited，I will not attend her birthday party.
③While (I was) walking in the street，I came across my former neighbour.
7.average n.平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的 v.平均为；计算出……的平均数
an average of平均有(后跟数词)
on (the/an) average平均；一般地
above/below (the) average在平均水平以上/以下
8.make up for弥补；补偿；赔偿
make up编造；组成；构成；弥补；化妆；和好
make up one’s mind to do下定决心做某事
be made up of由……组成
9.equipment n.配备，装备；设备
(1)通常用作不可数名词，“一件设备”应表达为“a piece of equipment”。
(2)equip v．配备；装备
equip...with...给……配备……，用……装备……
be equipped with配备有……，装备有……
(3)be well/badly equipped设备精良的/较差的
10.hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑；踌躇
(1)hesitate about/over/at...对……犹豫不决
hesitate to do sth.做某事有顾虑
(2)hesitation n．犹豫
without hesitation毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事
11.admit v.承认；招认；准许进入，准许加入；可容纳
(1)admit doing sth./having done sth.承认做过某事
admit that...承认……
admit sb./ sth.to be/as＋adj./n.承认某人/某物(事)为……
admit sb.to/into...允许某人进入……；接受某人(为……成员)
(2)admission n．承认；录取；入场费
12.satisfaction n.[U]满意；满足 [C]令人满意的事(物)
(1)to sb.’s satisfaction＝to the satisfaction of sb.令某人满意的是
with satisfaction满意地
(2)satisfy v．满足；使满意
(3)satisfied adj.满意的(修饰人)
be/feel satisfied with...对……感到满意
(4)satisfying adj.令人满意的(指事物的特点)
13.exist vi.存在；生活，生存
(1)exist on靠……生活/生存
exist in存在于……之中
There exist(s)/existed...某地有……；存在……
(2)existence n．存在；生存
come into existence产生，成立；开始存在
14.sb./sth. be said to do sth.
(1)句中was said to have invented 为句型：sb./sth.be said to do sth.，意为“据说”。
sb.be said to have done sth.＝it is/was said that sb.have/has/had done sth.
(2)类似用法的句型：
①sb./sth.be believed/reported/thought to do＝it is/was believed/reported/thought that sb./sth.do/did...
大家都相信/据报道/大家公认为某人/某物做……
②sb./sth.be＋
15.inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)
(1)inspire sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
(2)inspiring adj.令人鼓舞的，鼓舞人心的
inspired adj.受到鼓舞的
inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞
16.no wonder...
(1)no wonder (that)...难怪……，是It is no wonder (that)...的省略说法。
(2)It is a wonder (that)...奇怪的是……；……真是个奇迹。
一.单词拼写
1．The theatre is open daily (贯穿，自始至终) the year.
2．On my friend’s wedding ceremony I sent him my .
3．Eating a healthy diet and doing exercise will you from putting on weight.
4．A diet (缺乏) in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.
5．When you follow the plan strictly and make it a (常规，惯例)，you’ll achieve a sense of success day by day.
6．We must (假定，假设) him to be innocent until he is proved guilty.
7． (此外)，we must maintain enough sleep to make us full of energy.
8．Never force your legs to overstretch，or you can cause injury.
9．There is no consensus on how much vitamin would be needed for disease (预防)．
10．The hospital has recently obtained new medical ，allowing more patients to be treated.
二.单词拼写
1．They (宣布，宣告) that the flight would be delayed.
2．You should make sure that all equipment should be in (位置)．
3．“I have passed all my exams，” he announced with .
4．He (激励，鼓舞) many young people to take up the sport.
5． (现在)，most kids prefer watching TV to reading.
6．He (承认) having driven the car without insurance.
7．Don’t (犹豫) to give me a call if you are in need of help.
8．The girl her brother as a volunteer to take part in the sports event.
三.单句语法填空
1．We should spare no effort to stick our dream despite full of difficulties.
2．She had a tendency (talk) fast when she was nervous.
3．Plenty of sleep can make you (energy) and enable you to perform better.
4．When going out，we must wear masks to prevent ourselves from (get) infected.
5． (lack) necessary social experience，teenagers tend to be taken in by ill people.
6．Men may lose an average of 3－4 cm in height as they age，while women may lose 5 cm or more.
四.选词填空

1．“His death how I view the world，” he said.
2． you are so tired.You have been working all day.
3．She never could seem to do anything right or .
4．The country’s economic trouble a series of global crisis.
5． the traffic policeman’s work，people who often pass by the crossroads never break the rules.
五.单句写作
1．没有什么能阻止他出国。(prevent...from)
Nothing could .
2．这个项目因缺钱而被取消了。(lack)
The program .
3．如果你努力工作，你迟早成功的。(状语从句的省略)
，you’ll succeed sooner or later.
4．他是一个慷慨热心的人，这一点很容易被证明。(it作形式主语)
he is a generous and warm-hearted man.
5．据说，我们学校乒乓球队将招收新队员。(be said to do)
The table tennis team of our school .
6．如果你还有什么问题，尽管向我们求助。(hesitate)
if you have any further problem.
7．我们学校每年大约有80%的学生被重点大学录取。(be admitted to)
Every year about 80% of the students in our school .
8．过了那么多年你还能一眼认出我，真是让人惊奇。(It is a wonder that...)
you recognized me at first sight after so many years.
9．我们的老师经常激励我们要尽我们最大的努力去实现我们的梦想。(inspire)
try our best to realize our dream(s).
Unit3 Festivals and Customs
1.decorate vt.& vi.装饰；装修；点缀；粉刷，油漆
(1)decorate...with...用……装饰……
be decorated with...被……装饰
(2)decoration n．装饰；装饰物
decoration作“装饰”解时，是不可数名词；作“装饰品，装饰物”解时，是可数名词。
2.impression n.印象；感想；影响，效果
(1)leave/make a(n)...impression on/upon sb.给某人留下一个……的印象
have/get a good impression of对……有一个好印象
(2)impress v.使……印象深刻
impress sb.with sth.某事给予某人深刻印象
impress sth.on/upon sb.使某人铭记某事
be impressed with/by...对……印象深刻
(3)impressive adj.给人深刻印象的
3.occasion n.特殊场合，盛会；时刻；时机
(1)on this/that occasion这/那次
on no occasion决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
(2)on occasion(s)偶尔，偶然，有时
(3)occasional adj.偶然的
(4)occasionally adv.偶然；偶尔；有时候
注意：当定语从句的先行词为occasion时，定语从句的引导词要根据occasion的具体含义来确定。如果表示时间，意为“时刻；机会”，用关系副词when；如果表示地点，意为“场合”，用关系副词where。
4.see＋宾语＋宾补
(1)“感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”常用于这一结构的感官动词有：see，watch，hear，observe，feel等。
(2)宾语补足语有三种形式：现在分词、(省略to的)不定式和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行；(省略to的)不定式表示动作已经完成，或是经常发生；过去分词表示被动。
①Do you hear someone clapping in the next room?
②I often hear her sing in the next room.
5.as引导时间状语从句
as作连词的用法：
(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时；一边……一边……，随着……”。
(2)引导方式状语从句，意为“如同，按照”。
(3)引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，既然”。
(4)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，此时从句用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面。
(5)引导比较状语从句，常用于 as...as...句型，意为“像……一样”。
①As winter is approaching，it’s getting colder and colder.
随着冬天的临近，天气越来越冷。
②When in Rome，do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。
③As it is raining，we shall not go to the park.
④Young as he is，the young man knows a lot.
虽然年轻，这个年轻人却知道得很多。
6.anything but决不，根本不

①The hotel is anything but cheap.这家旅馆根本不便宜。
②The visit is boring.It is nothing but a waste of time.这次参观很无聊。这只不过是在浪费时间。
③There was anything but the truth in what he said.他说的根本不是真的。
7.be caught up in被卷入，陷入
be caught in 突然遭受，处于困境
catch up with跟上，赶上
8.observe vt.观察；注意到；遵守(规则、法律等)；庆祝
(1)observe sb.do sth.观察到某人做了某事
observe sb.doing sth.观察到某人正在做某事
observe sb./sth.done观察到……被……
observe＋that...发现……
(2)observation n．观察；监视
注意：observe sb.do sth.如果改成被动语态，应补上省略的不定式符号to，即sb.be observed to do sth.。
9.settle vi.& vt.定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置
(1)settle the problem解决问题
(2)settle down(使)安定；安居；平静下来
settle down to (doing) sth.开始专注于某事物；着手认真做某事
(3)settlement n．定居点；协议；解决
(4)settler n．移民者；殖民者
10.set off使爆炸；出发，动身；引起
set up建立；创立
set aside放在一边；留出；不理会
set down写下；记下
set about doing sth.＝set out to do sth.开始做某事
11.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义
(1)这种结构中常用的否定词还有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly，seldom等。
(2)否定词与比较级连用表示最高级意义的常用表达还有：
①否定词＋形容词/副词比较级＋than＋...
②
①As far as I’m concerned，nothing is more important than health.
②No one in our company worked harder than Mary.No wonder she was promoted.
③When crossing the street，you can never be too careful.
12.convenient adj.便利的，方便的，省事的；实用的
(1)be convenient for sb.……对某人是方便的
It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)方便做某事。
(2)convenience n．方便，便利
at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候
for convenience为了方便起见
13.make＋it＋adj.＋for sb.＋不定式
(1)在该句型中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
(2)当不定式短语或从句作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语，构成的句型主要有：
make＋it＋adj./n.＋that从句
make＋it＋adj./n.＋不定式
make＋it＋no good/no use/no value ...＋doing sth.
(3)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think，consider，find，feel等。
①John made it clear to me that he didn’t want to be caught up in the conflict.
约翰清楚地跟我表明他不想被卷入这场冲突中。
②To make it easier to settle the problem，we’d better consult our teacher.
③I consider it no use quarrelling with him about it.
我认为就这件事情和他争吵是没用的。
14.previous adj.(仅用于名词前)先前的；以往的；稍前的
(1)previous to在……之前(其中to是介词)
(2)previously adv.先前地；早先
15.sort n.种类，类别 vt.整理，分类；妥善处理
all sorts of各种各样的
sort of(＝kind of)有点，有几分
sort out分类；整理；解决
16.represent vt.代表；为……代言；体现；描绘；象征
(1)represent sb.as/to be...宣称某人为……
represent...as...把……描绘成……
represent sth.to sb.向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事
(2)representative adj.典型的；有代表性的 n.代表；典型人物

一.单词拼写
1．All have been cancelled because of heavy fog.
2．With time going by，many traditional (风俗) have died out.
3． (时刻，时机) are quite rare when I have time to go skiing.
4．By tradition，we always wear formal(适合正式场合的) clothes to attend a ceremony.
5．Soldiers were (行进) up and down outside the government buildings.
6．Colored lights and photos (装饰) the walls of my sitting room.
7．His performance left a deep on the audience and earned high praise.
8．It is a in China that family members get together and have big meals on the Eve of the Spring Festival.
9．Some doctors can draw precious medicines from (普通的) plants.
10．In order to hide the treasures，they put a lot of huge stones at the to the cave.
二.单词拼写
1．We discussed how to this product at the meeting.
2．As is known to all，brown areas deserts on the map.
3．It’s everyone’s to protect good traditional customs.
4．It’s a great (荣幸) to represent our school to give the speech.
5．He has no (早先的) experience of this kind of work.
6．He a nationwide reputation for his environmental inventions.
7．Is it (方便的) for you to pick him up after the meeting?
8．After the terrible flood，the man decided to go to the city to seek his .
三.单句语法填空
1．It is the custom for the bride’s father (pay) for the wedding.
2．My father always impresses me the importance of hard work.
3．The (romance) scene in the film made a deep impression on us.
4．During National Day，all the streets (decorate) with colourful flags，flowers and balloons.
5．The entrance the hall is beautifully decorated，which attracted many people.
6．As he is too busy，he plays with his children only (occasion)．
四.选词填空

1．The skill from father to son for several generations.
2．I to change my bad habit of getting up late.
3．When I was young，I often fireworks on the Lantern Festival.
4．To keep healthy and energetic，you’d better not late.
5．Some festivals are held some famous people such as the Dragon Boat Festival in China.
五.单句写作
1．圣诞节快到了，我打算买一棵圣诞树。(as作连词)
，I plan to buy a Christmas tree.
2．用一些小彩灯装饰圣诞树是个好主意。(decorate，it作形式主语)
the Christmas tree with some small colored lights.
3．当客人来时，圣诞树会给他们留下很好的印象。(impression)
When guests come，the Christmas tree will them.
4．我看到我的朋友们在圣诞树旁笑着，快乐地谈论着。(see＋宾语＋宾补)
near the Christmas tree.
5．我从未见过比这更美丽的风景。(否定词＋比较级)
I scenery than this.
6．用英语与朋友交流能使你提高你的英语口语容易些。(make＋it＋adj.＋不定式)
Communicating with friends in English your spoken English.
7．现在用手机付款很方便。(convenient)
Nowadays， pay by mobile phones.
8．有人看到那个小偷打开窗户逃跑了。(observe)
The thief open the window and run away.
9．你应该把老师在课堂上讲的记下来。(set down)
You should in class.
Unit4 Exploring Literature
1.devote vt.献身于，专心致志于
(1)devote oneself to献身于；致力于；专心于
devote...to (doing)...把……用在/献给(做)某事上
(2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的
be devoted to致力于，献身于；忠诚于
(3)devotion n．奉献
2.appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁
(1)appeal to sb.吸引某人
(2)appeal to sb.for sth./to do sth.呼吁/恳求某人(做)某事
(3)appealing adj.有吸引力的，有感染力的
3.determine vt.确定；支配；决心 vi.决心
(1)determine to do sth.决定做某事(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth.决定(做)某事
(2)determined adj.坚决的；有决心的
be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表示状态)
(3)determination n.决心；决定
4.point为先行词的定语从句
(1)句中where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词 a point，point 指抽象地点。
(2)有一些先行词，如：point，stage，position，case，job，condition，situation，activity等其后跟定语从句，且从句缺少状语时，定语从句用where引导。
①He got into a situation where it was hard to decide what was right and wrong.
②She wanted to find a job where her skills could be put to good use.她想找一份能将她的技能充分派上用场的工作。
③We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
5.significant adj.有重要意义的；显著的
(1)significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
be of great significance＝be very significant非常重要；有重大意义的
(2)significantly adv.显著地；重大地
6.sensitive adj.敏感的；易受伤的；灵敏的；感觉敏锐的；善解人意的；体贴的
(1)be sensitive to对……敏感的/体谅的
(2)sense n．感觉，官能；观念
a sense of humour/justice/……一种幽默感/正义感/……
7.attempt vt.尝试；企图 n.努力；尝试；企图
(1)at the first attempt第一次尝试
make an attempt to do/at doing sth.尝试/企图做某事
attempt to do sth.尝试/企图做某事
(2)attempted adj.(犯罪或非法行为)未遂的
8.confused adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的
(1)confuse...with/and...把……和……混淆
(2)confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的
(3)confused adj.困惑的
be/get confused with/about对……感到困惑
(4)confusion n.困惑；糊涂；混淆
9.hold up支持住，支撑得住；举起；耽误
hold back阻挡，抑制，控制
hold on(电话用语)稍后；别挂断电话；等一等，坚持
hold on to抓住；保持；不要放弃
hold out继续；坚持不屈服；伸出
10.否定副词置于句首引起的部分倒装
(1)此处为否定副词 never 位于句首，句子使用部分倒装。
(2)表示否定意义的副词或短语置于句首时，其后的句子要使用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。
(3)表示否定意义的副词或短语有：never，seldom，little，hardly，rarely，in no way，in no case，at no time，by no means，in/under no circumstances，nowhere等。
(4)主从复合句中，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
①Never have I seen such an earnest and devoted man.
②Hardly do I have time to read some poems，not to mention novels.
③Not only do sharing bicycles provide convenience，but they can also ease traffic pressure.
共享单车不仅可以提供方便，还可以缓解交通压力。
④Not until her mother came back did she go to bed.
11.be on the point of doing...
(1)be on the point of doing...正要做……，通常与when连用意为“正要做……这时……”。
(2)含when的常用句式还有：
be doing...when...正在做……这时(突然)……
be about to do...when...正要做……这时(突然)……
had (just) done...when...刚做完……这时……
12.destroy vt.破坏，毁灭，摧毁
(1)destroy表示“毁坏”，通常指彻底毁掉，其功能无法或难以修复。
(2)damage表示“损害，损坏”，通常是对物体的部分损坏，可修复，常与介词to搭配，如：do damage to。
(3)ruin表示“毁灭，毁坏”，是指使美好的事物失去优良的特性或特征，不能恢复。
一.单词拼写
1．Don’t be so —I am not speaking ill of you.
2．The program is designed to to the teenagers.
3．It rained and the significant performance was postponed.
4．The museum (包含，包括) a collection of valuable cultural relics.
5．Li Bai was a great poet，whose poems (反映，表现) the beauty of nature.
6．The purpose of the literature activity was to (唤起) the interest in foreign culture.
7．Set a aim and try our best for it，and we will certainly achieve it.
8．We are working on narrowing the (差距) between the rich and the poor.
9．The main (特色，特征) of the author’s works is the use of his own experience.
10．The lecture aims to help students know more about modern Chinese (文学，文学作品).
二.单词拼写
1．The Tang Dynasty is the golden age of classical Chinese .
2．She is nervous because she is going to the to make a speech.
3．The children gave a (不清楚的，混乱的) description of what had happened.
4．In summary，keep confident and no one can you in the contest.We believe you.
5．He treated the guests with (慷慨) and thoughtfulness，which made them feel at home.
6．The new restaurant is popular，so you ought to book a table in advance.
7．So far some specific measures have been taken to protect the forest from being .
8．To his delight，the author has (完成) his biography ahead of schedule.
三.单句语法填空
1．This report offered the most specific and accurate (describe) of the problem.
2．Some of us are sensitive smells，while others find colors easier to remember.
3．The police is determined (make) an effort to investigate this issue.
4．Everybody spoke in praise of her (devote) to the cause of education.
5．It is believed that education is great significance to our country.
6．Keep in mind that we are capable overcoming our weaknesses，as long as we determine to.
四.选词填空

1． ，their performance was great.
2．I was watching TV when the door bell rang.
3．I’m sorry that the place is so messy.I haven’t had time to .
4．The great man put forward the slogan “women half the sky”.
5．I reached a stage where I made a decision by myself.That was to say，I be independent.
五.单句写作
1．她是一位伟大的科学家，一生致力于保护野生动物。(devote...to...)
She was a great scientist and wild animals.
2．最让我感动的是他对工作的投入。(what引导主语从句)
was his devotion to his work.
3．这个年轻人陷入了一个不得不求助他人的境地。(situation，where引导定语从句)
The young man he had to turn to others for help.
4．为了改变这种糟糕的状况，他决心找一份兼职工作。(determined)
To change the terrible situation，he a part-time job.
5．在所有的动物中，我尤其害怕熊。(in particular)
Of all the animals， .
6．当熊走近时，我感到混乱，不知道该做什么。(confused，what引导宾语从句)
When the bear was approaching， .
7．我试图逃跑，但失败了。(make an attempt)
，but failed.
8．熊正要攻击我，这时救援队到了。(be about to do...when...)
The bear .
9．我从未有过如此可怕的经历。(never，部分倒装)
.