高考英语一轮复习必修第3册UNIT2 MORALS AND VIRTUES学案

这是一份高考英语一轮复习必修第3册UNIT2 MORALS AND VIRTUES学案，共15页。



Ⅰ. 词块记单词
1. explore the importance of moral values and virtues 探讨道德价值和美德的重要性
2. precious life 宝贵的生命
3. the traditional path of marriage 传统的婚姻道路
4. the high tuition fees 高昂的学费
5. be hired as a resident physician 被聘为住院医师
6. over the next several decades 在接下来的几十年里
7. tend patients 照料病人
8. publish medical research 发布医学研究
9. leave her savings to a kindergarten 把她的积蓄留给一个幼儿园
10. the main principle 主要原则
11. passive children 被动的孩子
12. health care and health insurance 医疗保健和健康保险
13. replace the secretary 取代秘书
14. whisper something into his ear 对他耳语几句
15. higher import and export costs 较高的进出口成本
16. bite her lip 咬她的嘴唇
17. prefer more flexible work hours 更喜欢较灵活的工作时间
18. a question about tensions between doctors and patients 一个关于医患矛盾的问题
Ⅱ. 语境记单词
1. The majority of the students in our class like to major in computer science in college. (major)
2. A number of complaints about the standard of service on Britain's railways are received and many people are complaining. (complain)
3. None of the students responded to her question; that is to say, her question failed to get a response from any of the students. (respond)
4. Much to his disappointment, his application was rejected by the company and he received a rejection letter. (reject)
5. Rose was appointed to act as secretary. Now she is making an appointment with the manager of Marketing Department. (appoint)
6. The little boy needs a pencil sharpener to sharpen his pencil. (sharp)
7. Look! These seniors are so energetic. I really admire their energy. (energy)
8. The operator is operating the big machine according to the operation guidance. (operate)
9. Tom is an assistant teacher in the college. He often assists the students with their problems and gives assistance to any student in need.(assist)
10. Eating too much every day is harmful to our health; that is to say, eating too much every day does harm to our health. (harm)
Ⅲ. 语境记短语
1. The car ran so fast that it crashed into (撞到) a tree.
2. He slipped and fell, but quickly picked himself up (跌倒后站起来)．
3. The fisherman tripped over (被……绊倒) a root and fell into the river.
4. Most of us were in tears (流着泪；含着泪) by the time he'd finished his story.
5. After hearing the bad news, he soon gave up the attempt in despair (处于绝望中).
6. It's said that a film will be made in memory of (作为对……的纪念) those brave firefighters.
7. Our friendship has carried me through (帮助某人渡过难关) a lot of difficult experiences.
8. Postmen are responsible for (对……负责) the delivery of letters and parcels to every household.
9. “Father of hybrid rice” Yuan Longping passed away (去世) on May 22, 2021 in Changsha.
10. Once upon a time (从前) there was a beautiful princess.
Ⅳ. 公式练句型
1. 直到那时我才突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。(否定词＋比较级)
It was not until then that I suddenly realised nobody was happier than I was.
2. 大多数人都知道居里夫人是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女士。(不定式作定语)
Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.
3. 我们到了这样一个阶段：为了挽救我们自己，我们必须采取有效措施来保护环境。(含有抽象地点名词的定语从句)
We have reached a stage where/in which we must take effective measures to protect the environment so as to save ourselves.
4. 过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每人头上顶(balance) 着一壶水。(独立主格结构)
After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head.
5. 没有动力，你既无法制定目标也无法实现目标。(neither ... nor ...)
Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it．


1. majority n. 大部分；大多数
[素养佳句]When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that it is a lifetime study.
谈及教育时，大部分人认为教育是一生的学习。
(1)the majority of ... 大多数……
be in the majority 大多数
(2)major n. & v. 专业； 主修
major in 主修……； 以……为专业
(3)minority n. 少数
be in the minority 占少数
——单句语法填空
①Students can change majors (major), but remember that there's no reliving a certain semester.
②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)However, the majority of people are (be) effective speakers because they train to be.
③In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.
——词汇升级
I think most people would agree that it's unhealthy to live in the past.
④I think the majority of people would agree that it's unhealthy to live in the past.

“the/a majority of＋名词”表示“大多数”，谓语动词的单复数形式与of后面的名词相一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。
2. respond vt. 回答；回复 vi. 做出反应；回应
[素养佳句]Don't respond to any emails requesting personal information, no matter how official they look.
不要回复任何要求提供个人信息的电子邮件，不管它们看起来多么正式。
(1)respond to 对……做出反应；答复……
(2)response n. 回应，反应，回答
in response to 对……做出反应；回答
——单句语法填空
①What impressed me most was that a great number of volunteers responded to the rescue work after Zhengzhou's torrential downpour in July, 2021.
②In response (respond) to the audience's great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
——一句多译
我想知道他为什么不回复我的建议。
③I want to know why he didn't respond to my suggestion. (respond)
④I want to know why he made no response to my suggestion. (response)

respond to, in response to, make a response to中的to都是介词，后接名词、代词或动词­ing形式。
3. appoint vt. 任命；委派
[素养佳句]Yesterday, Sam was appointed as manager of the engineering department.
昨天，萨姆被任命为工程部经理。
(1)appoint sb. as/to be ... 任命某人为……
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事
(2)appointment n. 任命；指派；约会；约定
make/have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约
keep/break an appointment 守约/违约
cancel/call off an appointment 取消约会
(3)appointed adj. 指定的；约定的
——单句语法填空
①Tom was appointed (appoint) as manager of the firm and he spared no effort to work for it.
②I was appointed to take (take) charge of arranging all the activities on that day.
③My teacher made a suggestion that I should apologise to you for failing to keep the appointment (appoint)．
——句式升级
He was appointed as captain of the basketball team and led the players to the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup.
④Appointed as captain of the basketball team, he led the players to the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup.(过去分词短语作状语)
4. tend vt. 照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于
[素养佳句]With the development of the Internet, more people tend to send electronic cards instead of paper cards to their friends and relatives.
随着互联网的发展，更多人倾向于给他们的朋友和亲戚发送电子贺卡而不是纸质贺卡。
(1)tend (to) sb./sth. 照料，护理某人/某事
tend to do sth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
(2)tendency n. 倾向；趋势
have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
——单句语法填空
①(2021年·全国乙卷)These days, safety regulations — not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat — tend to keep (keep) stadium capacities (容量) slightly lower.
②The sort of music he listens to varies, but he tends to popular music.
③There is a growing tendency (tend) for people to work at home instead of in offices.
——一句多译
据报道，房价在某些城市有下降的趋势。
④It is reported that housing prices tend to decrease in some cities. (tend)
⑤It is reported that housing prices have a tendency to decrease in some cities. (tendency)
5. replace vt. 接替；取代；更换；把……放回原处
[素养佳句](2020·全国Ⅰ卷)We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day.
我们正思考如何设计植物来取代我们日常使用的东西的功能。
(1)replace ... with/by ... 用……替换；以……接替
(2)take the place of/take one's place代替
in place of ... /in one's place代替
(3)replacement n. [U]更换；替换 [C]替换的人(物)
——单句语法填空
①(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Nervousness and fear were replaced with joy. It just started licking (舔) Ehlers' face.
②Most scientists agree that computers can't completely take the place of humans.
③It was difficult to find a replacement (replace) for Ted.
——一句多译
找一个人来代替现在的校长是不容易的。
④It would be difficult to find a man in place of the present headmaster.(in place of)
⑤It would be difficult to find a man to replace the present headmaster.(replace)
⑥It would be difficult to find a man to take the place of the present headmaster.(take the place of)

(1)in place of 为介词短语，不可单独作谓语；
(2)replace, take one's place和take the place of是动词(短语)，可作谓语。
6. whisper vi. & vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语 n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
[素养佳句]They are talking in a whisper in order not to wake up the sleeping baby.
他们低声说话，以免吵醒熟睡的婴儿。
(1)whisper sth. to sb. 向某人低声说……
(2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地；耳语地
——单句语法填空
①“I'm terribly sorry about the gift，” she whispered to me.
②“Hello, Sir，” the little girl spoke almost in a whisper.
——一句多译
人们私下说，他正在准备一个惊喜聚会。
③The people whispered that he was preparing a big party. (whisper v．)
④The people said in a whisper/whispers that he was preparing a big party. (whisper n．)
⑤The people said in a low voice that he was preparing a big party. (voice)
⑥It was whispered that he was preparing a big party. (It作形式主语)
7. assist vt. 帮助；援助
[素养佳句](2021·全国乙卷)I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals.
我喜欢做家务。饭后我总是帮助父母洗碗。
(1)
帮助某人做某事
(2)assistance n. 帮助；协助
come to one's assistance 援助某人
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
(3)assistant n. 助手；助理；售货员
——单句语法填空
①(2021·全国甲卷写作)With your assistance (assist), I will make full preparations for the meeting.
②That day, along with the barber there was an assistant (assist), who had recently joined the shop.
③Here are some good sources of information to assist you to make (make) the best selection.
——一句多译
帮助母亲做家务是我的责任。
④It is my duty to assist my mother with the housework. (assist sb. with sth.)
⑤It is my duty to assist my mother to do the housework. (assist sb. to do sth.)
⑥It is my duty to assist my mother in doing the housework. (assist sb. in doing sth.)
8. harm n. & vt. 伤害；损害
[素养佳句]The conclusion is that too much love will do harm to the character development of children.
结论是，过多的爱会损害孩子的性格发展。
(1)do harm to 对……造成伤害
There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害处。
(2)harmful adj. 有害的；造成伤害的
be harmful to ... 对……有害
(3)harmless adj. 无害的；无恶意的
——单句语法填空
①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful (harm).
②Please tell me how to tell a poisonous snake from a harmless (harm) snake.
③As far as I'm concerned, there is no harm in making an apology to him first.
——一句多译
众所周知，吃太多的垃圾食品危害我们的健康。
④We all know that eating too much junk food harms our health. (harm v．)
⑤It is known to us that eating too much junk food does harm to our health. (harm n．)
⑥What is known to us is that eating too much junk food is harmful to our health. (harmful)
9. carry sb. through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关
[素养佳句]It was her family members' love and care that carried her through that tough period.
是家人的关爱帮助她度过了那段艰难的时期。
carry out 执行
carry around 随身携带
carry off 成功地完成；赢得；获得(奖项)
carry on doing/with ... 继续做……
——单句语法填空
①Chinese athlete Zhang Yufei carried off four medals at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
②In my opinion, the plan should be carried out immediately.
③Not only are they sweet and delicious, but they are easy to carry around, so you can take them anywhere.
——完成句子
④Whatever the result of the examinations will be in the end, I will carry/keep/go on studying and make me a useful person to society.
无论考试的结果如何，我都将继续学习，使我成为一个对社会有用的人。
⑤These words, passed down from the ancient times, will carry me through every adversity and maintain my life in balance.
这些话从远古流传下来，将帮我渡过每一个逆境，使我的生活保持平衡。
10. in memory of 纪念；追念；作为对……的纪念
[素养佳句](2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T­shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight.
评委将选出多达50名优胜者，每人将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。
in honour of 为了纪念；为向……表示敬意
in search of 寻找
in favour of 支持；赞同
in charge of 掌管
in view of 鉴于；由于
in need of 需要
in praise of 赞扬
in terms of 就……而言；从……角度
——用恰当的“in＋n.＋of”型短语填空
①With the Dragon Boat Festival approaching, we are planning to hold a dragon boat race in memory/honour of the famous poet, Qu Yuan.
②Tired as they are, the rescuers are still in search of the missing people in the flash floods.
③Many students are in favour of wearing the traditional Chinese clothes.
④I'll be in charge of the whole factory next week when the manager is away.
⑤In view of the increased demand for our products, we wish to appoint an agent.
——完成句子
⑥A monument was set up in memory of those who lost their lives in World War Ⅱ.
人们建了一座纪念碑以纪念那些在第二次世界大战中失去生命的人们。
11. 先行词为抽象地点名词的定语从句
[素养佳句]She's got herself into a dangerous situation where/in which she's likely to lose her life.
她使自己陷入危险境地，在那里她可能会失去自己的生命。
(1)当先行词是stage, point, spot, case, situation, position, scene, family等表示抽象地点的名词，并且定语从句缺少状语时，常用关系副词where来引导定语从句，相当于in which。
(2)注意：抽象名词后面的定语从句若缺少主语或宾语，则用that/which来引导。
——单句语法填空
①Our class is a warm family, where we care for and encourage each other.
②Then I got to the point where I was staying up really late at night to get my work done.
③Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.
④With the development of tourism, security is becoming a key point that/which tourists are concerned about.
——完成句子
⑤Worrying never helps in a situation that/which you can't change.
对于你无法改变的情况，发愁于事无补。
⑥He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.
他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。
12. the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth.
[素养佳句]China is the first country to launch a quantum­enabled satellite into space.
中国是第一个向太空发射量子卫星的国家。
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级，next, only, last等限定时，通常用动词不定式作定语。
(2)动词不定式作定语还可以修饰抽象名词，如：ability, chance, ambition, attempt, belief等。
——单句语法填空
①Dr Yuan Longping became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow (grow) rice that has a high output.
②Beijing has become the first city to host (host) both Summer and Winter Olympic Games.
③The ability to express (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.
④Marie Curie was the first scientist in the world to be awarded (award) the Nobel Prize twice.
——完成句子
⑤As is known to us all, China is the third country in the world to send men to space.
众所周知，中国是世界上第三个把人送入太空的国家。

选词填空
a great deal of; pass away; pick oneself up; in despair; trip over; decade; in tears; energetic; flexible; scared
1. The moment he caught sight of his mother, the little boy stood there, looking at his mother in tears．
2. To tell the truth, I was in despair at that moment.
3. Sensing that I was scared, father started telling us some stories about his camping adventures.
4. In the park, a three­year­old child picked himself up without his mother's help.
5. Humour can make one energetic in his work, study, and life.
6. When we heard the news that some firefighters passed away in the battle against the big fire, we all felt very sad.
7. In recent years, a great deal of rubbish has been poured into the river, which smells terrible.
8. The young man tripped over a stone in the middle of the road and got injured.
9. In the last two decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
10. We'll pay for your training before this fall and can also offer flexible summer tutoring chances.

Ⅰ. 语境猜词义
1. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person. adj. 道德的
2. (2021·浙江卷6月)The summer before my eighth grade I was one of a group of boys that a neighboring farmer hired to work in his field. vt. 雇用
3. (2020·浙江卷1月)When I made my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full­speed across the lawn. v. 狂奔
Ⅱ. 一词多义
1. (2021·全国乙卷)We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee replacement operation. C
A. n. 企业　B. n. 经营　C. n. 手术
2. (2020·浙江卷7月改编)Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age. B
A. adj. 锋利的　B. adj. 敏捷的　C. adj. 急剧的
3. (2019·北京卷)Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. A
A. n. 储蓄　B. n. 拯救　C. n. 节约
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)So delighted was she that she hugged the twins tightly, tears of joy welling up in her eyes.
她太高兴了，紧紧地拥抱着双胞胎，高兴的泪水夺眶而出。
2. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Shocked and proud, their mother said in a sweet whisper, “Thanks, my kids.”
他们的母亲感到又惊讶又骄傲，她温柔地对他们说：“谢谢，孩子们。”
3. (2018·全国Ⅰ卷写作)Most importantly, the elderly are the first to taste the delicious food on the table because they are well respected in China.
最重要的是，老人是第一个品尝餐桌上美食的人，因为在中国老人很受尊重。

Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Time is the most precious (宝贵的) thing that we have.
2. The boy who won the scholarship (奖学金) was quite an outstanding student.
3. In China, it is a virtue (美德) and tradition to respect teachers.
4. The government has imposed strict controls over the import (进口) of luxury goods.
5. My parents lived in a small faraway (遥远的) village in the north.
6. A wave of tension (紧张) flashing on his face, the boy stood up instantly.
7. As was reported, over twenty people were killed in the terrible accident (事故)．
8. It was well after midnight (午夜) by the time Anne returned to her apartment.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. He complained to us that this printer didn't function at all.
2. They sat at the back of the room，talking in whispers (whisper)．
3. We were all scared (scare) to death when we found the ground was shaking.
4. He tried to join the army but was rejected (reject) because of his poor health.
5. Every year in this country more than 50，000 children are bitten (bite) by dogs.
6. “This passenger might be someone who needs my assistance (assist)，” I reasoned to myself.
7. I find that doing physical exercise a couple of times a week makes me feel more energetic (energy)．
8. She cannot bear to watch the film because of the bad memories (memory) it brings back.
9. Thanks to the retired (retire) teacher, Helen managed to finish her high school education.
Ⅲ. 补全句子
1. 下课了，蔡老师建议我通过补课来赶上其他人。(独立主格结构)
Class over, Ms Cai advised me to catch up with the others by having extra lessons.
2. 不从错误中吸取教训，我们既不能提高技能，也不能实现我们的目标。 (neither ... nor ...)
Without learning a lesson from our mistakes, we would neither improve skills nor realise our goals．
3. 我能想出许多情况，学生知道许多英语单词和短语却写不出好文章。 (先行词为抽象地点名词的定语从句)
I can think of many cases where/in which students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay.
4. 他将于下月出版的第一本书是根据一个真实故事改编的。(不定式作定语)
His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.