2023年河南省创新发展联盟高考英语二模试卷-普通用卷

这是一份2023年河南省创新发展联盟高考英语二模试卷-普通用卷，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年河南省创新发展联盟高考英语二模试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共24.0分）
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Visitors will find some of the best skiing in France.France offers a wide variety of skiing areas suitable for everyone，from beginners to the best in the world.
Val d'Isère
Val d'Isère，linked with the neighboring Tignes，makes up Espace Killy area.Named after the famous three-time Olympic gold medalist Jean-Claude Killy who grew up skiing in thearea，the Val d'Isère base sits at 6，069 feet.This altitude is paired with consistent snowfall and Europe's largest snow-making capacity.
La Rosière
La Rosière is a historic mountain town sitting in the heart of the Saint Bernard Pass.Because it's close to the Italian border，it's often called the most Italian area in Savoy.La Rosière is an excellent destination for middle skiers and even advanced skiers.
Les Trois Vallées
Les Trois Vallées or the Three Valleys is home to a group of interconnected ski resorts that create the largest ski area in the world.Courchevel is the largest ski resort in the area，with over 90 miles of skiable trails.This area attracts all levels，with almost a third of the routes being beginner-friendly.Courchevel is also known to attract a special crowd，including Prince William and Kate Middleton.
Avoriaz
You can find Avoriaz in the Portes du Soleil area，which makes up the second largest ski region in the country.The entire region comprises 12 resorts and over 40 miles of area that cross into Switzerland.One pass will grant you access to all the lifts in the area，making it possible to ski in two countries on the same day.Avoriaz is the snowiest resort in France and is also unique in that the resort itself is car-free!Visitors reach the resort by cable car and then get around by walking，skiing，or horse-drawn sleigh （雪橇）.
1. What is Espace Killy named after？ ______
A. A place for holding the Olympics. B. A place connecting Val d'Isère.
C. A famous athlete. D. A neighbor city of Val d'Isère.
2. What is special about Avoriaz？ ______
A. People can ride horses there. B. Cars are not allowed there.
C. It's very quiet and unique. D. It's a very large ski resort.
3. What do La Rosière and Avoriaz have in common？ ______
A. They are close to another country.
B. They offer the service of cable cars.
C. They lie in the Saint Bernard Pass.
D. They're both Italian ski regions.
B
Ida Keeling had grown up poor in Harlem and done hard，grinding work in factories during the Great Depression.She had lost her husband early to a heart attack，and two of her four children—both of her sons—died in accidents.Keeling had sunk into a deep depression.
Her health had begun to slide and her daughter，Cheryl，began to worry that she soon might be losing her mother as well.
Keeling's daughter is a lifelong athlete.That may be what would pull her mother out from under her dark cloud.She suggested a run.Not just a jog around the block，but an official run.At the time，Ida Keeling was 67.
It had been decades since Keeling had done any running，and she would later recall that the first "mini-run" was wonderful. "I just threw off all my bad memories，" Keeling says.She hasn't stopped running since，and it's no longer the difficulty it was during that first meet.Since then，Keeling has set records for 60 meters in the 95-99 age group，and in 100 meters for the over 100 group. "I was just exercising，" she says， "and now I'm all over the world."
When she's not running，she's working out.She's in the gym three to four days a week，running，working out with weights and pedaling on the exercise bike—and even exercising while she's cooking.Part of her healthy diet is an occasional dose of red wine mixed with her coffee or water to aid blood circulation.She's written a book about her experiences，titled Can't Nothing Bring Me Down：Chasing Myself in the Race Against Time.Her philosophy is also fit for a runner： "Every day is another day forward."
4. Why did Keeling start to run at an old age？ ______
A. Cheryl persuaded her to do so.
B. She wanted to learn from her daughter.
C. She wanted her daughter getting out of dark cloud.
D. Cheryl wanted her to be a lifelong runner.
5. How did Keeling feel about her first "mini-run"？ ______
A. Annoyed. B. Curious. C. Pleased. D. Proud.
6. What can we infer about Keeling from the last paragraph？ ______
A. She used to live a hard life. B. She is very active in sports.
C. She is very fond of cooking. D. She spends much time writing.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Early hard life of Keeling
B. Every day is precious for old people
C. The significance of caring for old people
D. The benefit of running for Keeling's later life
C
Curiosity is key to learning.In fact，studies show that，when we're curious about a subject，we are much more likely to remember information we learned about that subject.If you're an educational professional or are considering earning a teaching degree and entering the classroom，knowing how to enlighten students' curiosity can help you improve learning outcomes.
Curiosity most often begins with "why".Why does natural gas burn blue？Why is blue spelled blue and not blew？Why does the wind blow？If you want to fire up your students' curiosity，you need to encourage them to ask and try to answer questions.That means you should avoid giving tedious lectures where you explain everything.Instead，try designing your classes so that you're posing questions.And be sure to leave openings for students to participate and ask questions about what they're learning.
Not every question your students ask will be a question you expect.But all questions prove a curious mind，so don't dismiss questions that don't fit with your lesson.Instead，leave unstructured time in class to address unexpected questions，or establish a system whereby unexpected questions can be "stored" for later，like on a whiteboard or in an online document.
In addition to making room for unexpected questions，you should also make room for students' exploration of their questions.If you give your students enough time to discuss questions，their curiosity is certainly to expand.
Curiosity is a fuel.It drives us to try to figure things out and，finally，to learn.So make sure you give your students time for reflection after every class.Ask them to create a quick piece of art to reflect what they've learned.Not only does this kind of reflection aid in learning，it can also teach students to make curiosity a constantly present part of their lives.
8. Why is curiosity vital to study according to the text？ ______
A. It improves students' memory.
B. It helps gain a better learning result.
C. It assists teachers in encouraging students.
D. It promotes the understanding of each other.
9. What does the underlined word "tedious" in paragraph 2 mean？ ______
A. Dull. B. Considerable. C. Essential. D. Popular.
10. How can a teacher expand students' curiosity？ ______
A. By asking as many questions as possible.
B. By encouraging students to ask unexpected questions.
C. By offering students sufficient time to discuss questions.
D. By dismissing the questions that don't fit with the lesson.
11. What is this text mainly about？ ______
A. Definition of curiosity.
B. Significance of imagination.
C. Ways of making classes educative.
D. Methods for enlightening curiosity.
D
Wild animals are human's friends，an important part of the natural ecosystem，and valuable natural resources endowed（赋予）by nature.
Indian elephants，a subspecies of Asian elephants，have been considered endangered since 1986.There are only an estimated 20，000 to 25，000 Indian elephants left in the wild，and the global population is believed to be decreasing.
Habitat loss is widely considered a direct threat to Indian elephants.Recent economic growth and subsequent increased development in Asia are the main causes of this habitat loss.From expanding human settlements and mining to converting land to plantations and infrastructure（基础建设），many activities can block migratory elephant routes and drive them into smaller sub-populations.When animals are forced into smaller pockets of populations，they risk losing genetic diversity and have a higher chance of dying from disease and natural disasters.
In India，elephants have faced a 70% population decline over the last 60 years.When accounting for climate change projections，scientists predict that the elephant population in the country could lose over 40% of its habitat by 2070.
As elephants lose their habitats to human settlements and development，interactions between humans and elephants also rise.Elephant populations，especially those living outside of protected areas，wander into agricultural lands in search of food and cause crop or property loss.Even worse，these impacts may cause farmers and residents to retaliate against the elephants if they believe their assets are in danger.Poison or other deadly methods have been used.
Although countries like India，Vietnam，and Myanmar have completely banned the capture of wild elephants for any purpose，illegal hunting still happens in those and other nations where Indian elephants live.
Countries around the world are taking action to protect Indian elephants.In parts of Myanmar，teams of rangers work to protect and co-manage wild elephant populations with the Wildlife Conservation Society.They use the Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool（SMART），a geographic information systems-based software to systematically collect，manage，analyze，and report data collected from forests.With SMART，park managers can deploy rangers strategically in hotpots for illegal hunting or other illegal activities，manage efforts，and organize resources.
12. What is the immediate cause of the decline of Indian elephant's number？ ______
A. The growth of economy. B. The loss of their habitat.
C. The change of the climate. D. The increase of illegal hunting.
13. What do the figures in paragraph 4 show？ ______
A. The main change of ecosystem.
B. The main features of Indian elephants.
C. The problems caused by Indian elephants.
D. The severity of Indian elephants' situation.
14. How does the SMART work？ ______
A. By completely preventing hunting.
B. By collecting and reporting data collected from forests.
C. By founding the Wildlife Conservation Society.
D. By counting the population of wildlife.
15. What's the purpose of this text？ ______
A. To advertise for Indian elephants.
B. To attract tourists to watch Indian elephants.
C. To appeal to people to protect Indian elephants.
D. To introduce Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are all kinds of reasons why people struggle to get up in the morning.It can be difficult to leave the comfort of a warm bed，especially when cold outside.Sometimes，the need to stay under the duvet（羽绒被）might come from feeling overwhelmed（被压垮的）by the thought of the tasks that lie ahead.（1） ______ Thankfully，you can ease the transition from night to day.
Get enough sleep.As obvious as it sounds，sleep deprivation （匮乏）builds up gradually，so try to notice how rested you feel upon waking.The suggested amount for teens is between 8 and 10 hours a night，but there's no "right" figure.（2） ______
Getting enough sleep can be a challenge in the teen years because there's a change in the brain's production of a hormone called melatonin（褪黑素），which brings about feelings of sleepiness.Melatonin is thought to be produced later at night in teenagers.（3） ______ It's possible that the production of melatonin is delayed by looking at screens，so switch off from devices early in the evening.
Shine a light.It's difficult to fall asleep when exposed to light.（4） ______ The sleep-producing chemicals the body makes at night stay in the system on waking and can take between 60 and 90 minutes to fade away，causing that groggy feeling that makes it hard to open your eyes.How can you accelerate the process？（5） ______ Try to replicate（复制）waking up naturally with the dawn，allowing the body time to adjust to the new day.If you have thick curtains，it can be a good idea to leave them open a crack so that light comes in.

A.So it's more difficult to fall asleep early.
B.Just don't be tempted to get back under the covers!
C.Exposure to light is one way to speed up this process.
D.Similarly，trying to get up while it's still dark is tricky.
E.Jumping out of bed is probably the first thing you can imagine.
F.And a broken night's sleep ups the temptation to keep sleeping.
G.Some people function well on fewer hours，but others might need more.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
Alice had a serious disease.She needed a（n）（ 1） ______ blood transfusion to save her life.Her only chance of （2） ______ would be to get a transfusion from her younger brother，Michael.He had overcome the same disease she had，which was considered a（3） ______ .Therefore he had antibodies （抗体） in his（4） ______ needed to fight the illness，but no one was（5） ______ what Michael thought.The doctor explained to Michael that it would save his（6） ______ life if he were to give her his blood.The boy（7） ______ for a moment before agreeing to give his blood if it would help his sister.This was（8） ______ to a boy of 5，after all He（9） ______ to do anything to save Alice's life.
As the （10） ______ was on，Michael lay next to his sister in the hospital.He felt （11） ______ when seeing his sister coming back to （12） ______ .Then he quietly asked the doctor， "When will I start to （13） ______ ？" No doubt that Michael had（14） ______ that he was giving his life in order to save her，Hearing the （15） ______ ，his parents were astonished over the（16） ______ ，which led Michael to think they were choosing his sister over him-and even more astonished and moved that he had been（17） ______ to do so.The doctor replied that he wasn't going to die，he was very brave and just saved Alice so that she could live a（18） ______ life.
This is an example of extreme courage and love from a boy.The love and care Michael showed for his sister relays a message about（19） ______ .While we may not be faced with such a life or death decision，being selfless can help us（20） ______ with others，which is rewarding and fulfilling.
21.  A. expensive B. dangerous C. urgent D. complicated
22.  A. passage B. survival C. victory D. escape
23.  A. difficulty B. wonder C. threat D. secret
24.  A. bone B. brain C. stomach D. blood
25.  A. certain B. nervous C. worried D. anxious
26.  A. mother's B. father's C. brother's D. sister's
27.  A. ran B. slept C. disappeared D. hesitated
28.  A. dull B. attractive C. cruel D. lucky
29.  A. decided B. stopped C. refused D. pretended
30.  A. movie B. opera C. operation D. performance
31.  A. interested B. fearful C. happy D. pitiful
32.  A. life B. greatness C. home D. earth
33.  A. study B. die C. play D. eat
34.  A. expected B. agreed C. assumed D. ignored
35.  A. news B. words C. stories D. phrases
36.  A. judgement B. mischief
C. accident D. misunderstanding
37.  A. excited B. regretful C. willing D. disappointed
38.  A. rich B. healthy C. full D. meaningful
39.  A. patience B. confidence C. independence D. selflessness
40.  A. connect B. cope C. correspond D. struggle
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. A security guard who knows the Great Wall like the back of his hand is always ready to field questions from curious visitors.
Hikers at the Great Wall （1） ______ have come across Zhou Wenjun consider （2） ______ （ they） lucky.The 44-year-old is more （3） ______ a security guard；he is a walking encyclopedia （百科全书） on the Great Wall that made it to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1987.
Zhou knows the differences that set each of the beacon towers （烽火台） apart，and he can fill you in on the principal （4） ______ （ feature） of ancient stones and bricks that make up the Simatai section of the Great Wall in Miyun district，northeastern Beijing.He learns （5） ______ knowledge of history every day，so that he can answer questions from curious visitors.He often seeks expert advice to be on the top of his game.
Zhou's （6） ______ （ appreciate） of the Great Wall—a type of ancient Chinese wisdom and craftsmanship—is driven by a surprising demand on the job.Ever since he joined the Simatai section as a guard in 2018，he （7） ______ （ witness） increasing footfall of intensely curious tourists.
"These people are no longer （8） ______ （ satisfy） with mere sightseeing；they ask a lot of questions about the history and culture of the place.I read and learn so that I won't be anxious for answers in front of them，" says Zhou，who was born and raised in Xinchengzi，a small village that is a 15-minute drive from Simatai.
Zhou's official responsibilities include （9） ______ （ keep） visitors safe and protecting the Great Wall.Every day，he walks back and forth the entire 5.7-kilometer stretch，from Jinshanling in the north to Gubeikou in the west （10） ______ （ ensure） no one wanders off the special path and into the undeveloped sections of Simatai.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Should the listening test in an English test be kept and canceled？Some students think that the listening test should not canceled.They insist listening is one of the four basic skill in language learning.Therefore，we cannot ignore it.Besides，listening is an important channel for us to getting information.It should be strengthened today as an international cooperation is becoming more frequently.But the others disagree.They think the listening test is fair to the students in the areas that radio signals cannot be picked up effectively.And for certain reasons，there was a big difference in teachers and equipment among the countryside and the city.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以"Face up to difficulties bravely"为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
（1）你的理解；
（2）举例说明。
注意：（1）词数100左右；
（ 2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Val d'Isere部分中的Named after the famous three — time Olympic gold medalist Jean-Claude Killy who grew up skiing in the area，the Val d'Isere base sits at 6，069 feet. （伊泽尔谷海拔6069英尺，以著名的三届奥运会金牌得主Jean-Claude Killy的名字命名，他在这里滑雪长大。）可知，Espace Killy以奥运金牌得主Jean-Claude Killy的名字命名。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Avoriaz部分倒数第二句Avoriaz is the snowiest resort in France and is also unique in that the resort itself is car-free! （阿沃里亚兹是法国降雪量最大的度假胜地，它的另一个独特之处在于，这个度假胜地本身就没有汽车！）可知，Avoriaz是独一无二的无车度假胜地。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据La Rosiere部分的第二句Because it's close to the Italian border，it's often called the most Italian area in Savoy. （因为靠近意大利边境，它通常被称为萨伏伊最意大利的地区。）可知，La Rosiere靠近意大利。根据Avoriaz部分第二句、三句The entire region comprises 12 resorts and over 40 miles of area that cross into Switzerland.One pass will grant you access to all the lifts in the area，making it possible to ski in two countries on the same day. （整个地区包括12个度假村和超过40英里的区域，穿过瑞士。一张通行证可以让你使用该地区的所有电梯，使你有可能在同一天在两个国家滑雪。）可知，Avoriaz靠近瑞士。由此可知，La Rosiere和Avoriaz的共同之处在于它们离另一个国家很近。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了法国一些最佳的滑雪胜地。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

4~7.【答案】A、C、B、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第三段Keeling's daughter is a lifelong athlete.That may be what would pull her mother out from under her dark cloud.She suggested a run（Keeling的女儿是一名终身运动员。这可能是她母亲走出阴霾的原因。她建议跑步）可知Keeling开始在很老的年龄时跑步，因为谢丽尔说服她这样做。故选A。
（2）观点态度题。根据第四段It had been decades since Keeling had done any running，and she would later recall that the first "mini-run" was wonderful. （Keeling已经有几十年没有跑步了，她后来回忆起第一次"迷你跑"非常棒。）可知，在Keeling的第一次迷你跑中，她感到很愉悦。A.Annoyed.生气的；B.Curious.好奇的；C.Pleased.愉快的；D.Proud.自豪的。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段She's in the gym three to four days a week，running，working out with weights and pedaling on the exercise bike—and even exercising while she's cooking.（她每周有三到四天在健身房，跑步，举重，骑自行车---甚至在做饭的时候锻炼。）可知Keeling在运动上是非常积极的。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据最后一段Part of her healthy diet is an occasional dose of red wine mixed with her coffee or water to aid blood circulation.She's written a book about her experiences，titled Can't Nothing Bring Me Down：Chasing Myself in the Race Against Time.Her philosophy is also fit for a runner： "Every day is another day forward."（她健康饮食的一部分是偶尔在咖啡或水中加入一点红酒，以促进血液循环。她写了一本关于自己经历的书，名为《什么都不能打倒我：在与时间的赛跑中追逐自己》。她的哲学也适合跑步者："每一天都是新的一天。"）可知Keeling晚年开始跑步，跑步给她带来了意想不到的好处。A.Early hard life of Keeling.Keeling早期的艰苦生活；B.Every day is precious for old people对老年人来说，每一天都是宝贵的；C.The significance of caring for old people照顾老人的意义；D.The benefit of running for Keeling's later life跑步对Keeling晚年生活的好处。故选D。
本文是记叙文。Keeling在67岁时开始尝试跑步。跑步不仅锻炼了她的身体，而且使她忘掉了自己的烦恼。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
  我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

8~11.【答案】B、A、C、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段第一句Curiosity is key to learning.（好奇心是学习的关键。）和第二句In fact，studies show that，when we're curious about a subject，we are much more likely to remember information we learned about that subject.（事实上，研究表明，当我们对一个主题感到好奇时，我们更有可能记住我们所学到的有关该主题的信息。）可知，好奇心可以帮助我们更好地记住所学的内容，由此可推知，好奇心有助于获得更好的学习结果。故选B。
（2）词义推测题。根据第二段中Curiosity most often begins with "why".Why does natural gas burn blue？Why is blue spelled blue and not blew？Why does the wind blow？If you want to fire up your students' curiosity，you need to encourage them to ask and try to answer questions.That means you should avoid giving  tedious lectures where you explain everything.（好奇心通常以"为什么"开头。为什么天然气燃烧时呈蓝色？为什么blue拼写为blue而不是blow ？风为什么会吹？如果你想激发学生的好奇心，你需要鼓励他们提出问题并尝试回答问题。这意味着你应该避免做 tedious讲座，把所有的事情都解释清楚。）划线词后面的定语从句 where you explain everything可知，划线词的意思应为"冗长乏味的"。A.Dull乏味的；B.Considerable相当重要的；C.Essential必不可少的；D.Popular受欢迎的。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句If you give your students enough time to discuss questions，their curiosity is certainly to expand.（如果你给你的学生足够的时间讨论问题，他们的好奇心肯定会扩大。）可知，如果给学生足够的时间讨论问题，那将激发他们的好奇心。故选 C。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了好奇心对于学习的重要性，以及如何激发学生的好奇心来提高学习效果。D选项"激发好奇心的方法"突出了文章中心大意。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了好奇心对于学习的重要性，以及如何激发学生的好奇心来提高学习效果。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12~15.【答案】B、D、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Habitat loss is widely considered a direct threat to Indian elephants.（栖息地的丧失被广泛认为是对印度大象的直接威胁。）可知，印度象数量下降的直接原因是它们栖息地的丧失。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段In India，elephants have faced a 70% population decline over the last 60 years.When accounting for climate change projections，scientists predict that the elephant population in the country could lose over 40% of its habitat by 2070. （在印度，大象的数量在过去的60年里下降了70%。在考虑到气候变化预测时，科学家预测，到2070年，该国的大象数量可能会失去超过40%的栖息地。）可推断，作者用数据表明印度象处境艰难。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句They use the Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool（SMART），a geographic information systems-based software to systematically collect，manage，analyze，and report data collected from forests.（他们使用空间监测和报告工具（SMART），这是一种基于地理信息系统的软件，系统地收集、管理、分析和报告从森林收集的数据。）可知，SMART是一种软件，通过收集和报告从森林收集的数据工作的。故选B。
（4）目的意图题。根据最后一段第一句Countries around the world are taking action to protect Indian elephants.（世界各国都在采取行动保护印度大象。）及全文可知，作者写这篇文章是为了呼吁大家保护印度象。A．To advertise for Indian elephants.为印度大象做广告；B．To attract tourists to watch Indian elephants.吸引游客观看印度大象；C．To appeal to people to protect Indian elephants.呼吁人们保护印度大象；D．To introduce Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool.引入空间监测和报告工具。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍印度象濒临灭绝，各国正在积极采取措施保护印度象。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

16~20.【答案】F、G、A、D、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据空处前 There are all kinds of reasons why people struggle to get up in the morning.It can be difficult to leave the comfort of a warm bed，especially when cold outside.Sometimes，the need to stay under the duvet（羽绒被）might come from feeling overwhelmed（被压垮的）by the thought of the tasks that lie ahead.（人们早上难以起床的原因有很多。很难离开温暖的床，尤其是在外面很冷的时候。有时，需要呆在羽绒被下可能是因为一想到未来的任务就不知所措。）可知，这里介绍了早上起床难的原因，选项F"而一夜没睡好会提升继续睡觉的诱惑"与上文为并列关系，说明不愿起床的其他原因。故选F。
（2）推理判断题。根据空前The suggested amount for teens is between 8 and 10 hours a night，but there's no "right" figure.（建议青少年每晚睡8到10个小时，但这并没有一个"正确"的数字。）可知，G项"有些人虽然睡得少但也能工作好，其他人则需要更多的休息时间"与上文呼应，符合语境。故选G。
（3）推理判断题。根据空前Melatonin is thought to be produced later at night in teenagers.（褪黑激素被认为是在夜间在青少年中产生的。）可知，A项"因此，早睡是更困难的"是上文产生的结果，符合逻辑关系。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据空前It's difficult to fall asleep when exposed to light.（在光照下很难入睡。）以及空后The sleep-producing chemicals the body makes at night stay in the system on waking and can take between 60 and 90 minutes to fade away，causing that groggy feeling that makes it hard to open your eyes.（身体在夜间产生睡眠的化学物质在醒来时会停留在系统中，可能需要60到90分钟才能消退，从而产生难以睁开眼睛的昏昏沉沉的感觉。）可知，D项"同样，尝试天还没亮就起床是困难的"与上文呼应，且下文解释了原因，符合语境。故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据空前The sleep-producing chemicals the body makes at night stay in the system on waking and can take between 60 and 90 minutes to fade away，causing that groggy feeling that makes it hard to open your eyes.（身体在夜间产生睡眠的化学物质在醒来时会停留在系统中，可能需要60到90分钟才能消退，从而产生难以睁开眼睛的昏昏沉沉的感觉。）可知，C项"暴露在光线下是加快这一过程的一种方法"中的this process与上文中的the process呼应，且语义衔接自然流畅，符合语境。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种克服起床困难的方法。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21~40.【答案】C、B、B、D、A、D、D、C、A、C、C、A、B、C、B、D、C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.expensive昂贵的；B.dangerous危险的；C.urgent紧急的；D.complicated复杂的。根据上句Alice  had a serious  disease.可知爱丽丝得了一种严重的疾病。说明她需要紧急输血来挽救她的生命。故答案为C。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.passage通道；B.survival存活；C.victory胜利；D.escape逃跑。根据空后would be to get a transfusion from her younger brother，Michael可知她唯一的生存机会就是从她的弟弟迈克尔那里输血。故答案为B。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.difficulty困难；B.wonder奇迹；C.threat威胁；D.secret秘密。根据上句He had overcome   the same disease she had可知他战胜了与她相同的疾病，这被认为是一个奇迹。故答案为B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.bone骨头；B.brain大脑；C.stomach胃；D.blood血。根据前文Her only chance of （2）would be to get a transfusion from her younger brother，Michael.可知她唯一的生存机会就是从她的弟弟迈克尔那里输血。说明他血液中有对抗疾病所需的抗体。故答案为D。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.certain特定的；B.nervous紧张的；C.worried担心的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据but表示转折和空后what Michael thought可知但是没有人知道迈克尔是怎么想的。故答案为A。
（6）考查名词所有格及语境理解。A.mother's妈妈的；B.father's爸爸的；C.brother's哥哥的；D.sister's妹妹的。根据前文He had overcome   the same disease she had可知他战胜了与她相同的疾病，这被认为是一个奇迹。可知要从她的弟弟迈克尔那里输血救她。故答案为D。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.ran跑；B.slept睡觉；C.disappeared消失；D.hesitated犹豫。根据下句before agreeing to give his blood if it would help his sister可知这个男孩犹豫了一会儿，然后同意献血，如果这样能帮助他妹妹的话。故答案为D。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.dull乏味的；B.attractive有吸引力的；C.cruel残忍的；D.lucky幸运的。根据下句after all He（9）to do anything to save Alice's life.可知毕竟他决定尽一切努力来挽救爱丽丝的生命。说明这对一个5岁的男孩来说太残忍了，故答案为C。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.decided决定；B.stopped停止；C.refused拒绝；D.pretended假装。根据上句before agreeing to give his blood if it would help his sister可知这个男孩犹豫了一会儿，然后同意献血，如果这样能帮助他妹妹的话。说明他决定尽一切努力来挽救爱丽丝的生命。故答案为A。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.movie电影；B.opera歌剧；C.operation手术；D.performance表演。根据下句Michael lay next to his sister in the hospital可知迈克尔躺在医院里他姐姐的身旁。说明手术在进行着，故答案为C。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.interested感兴趣的；B.fearful害怕的；C.happy高兴的；D.pitiful可怜的。根据常识可知当看到他的妹妹苏醒过来时，他感到很高兴。故答案为C。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.life生活；B.greatness伟大；C.home家；D.earth地球。当看到他的妹妹苏醒过来时，他感到很高兴。come back to  life复活。故答案为A。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.study学习；B.die死亡；C.play玩；D.eat吃。根据下句he was giving his life in order to save her可知为了救她，他献出了自己的生命。说明他悄悄问医生："我什么时候开始死？"故答案为B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.expected期盼；B.agreed同意；C.assumed认为；D.ignored忽略。根据下句he was giving his life in order to save her可知毫无疑问，迈克尔认为他是为了救她而献出了自己的生命。故答案为C。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.news新闻；B.words话语；C.stories故事；D.phrases短语。根据前文Then he quietly asked the doctor， "When will I start to （13）？"（他悄悄问医生："我什么时候开始死？"）可知听到这些话，他的父母对这一误解感到惊讶，这使迈克尔认为他们选择了他的妹妹而不是他---更惊讶和感动的是，他一直愿意这样做。故答案为B。
（16）考查名词及语境理解。A.judgement判断；B.mischief恶作剧；C.accident事故；D.misunderstanding误解。根据下句which led Michael to think they were choosing his sister over him可知听到这些话，他的父母对这一误解感到惊讶，这使迈克尔认为他们选择了他的妹妹而不是他---更惊讶和感动的是，他一直愿意这样做。故答案为D。
（17）考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited兴奋的；B.regretful后悔的；C.willing乐意的；D.disappointed失望的。根据上句even more astonished and moved可知更惊讶和感动的是，他一直愿意这样做。故答案为C。
（18）考查形容词及语境理解。A.rich富有的；B.healthy健康的；C.full满的；D.meaningful有意义的。根据前文Her only chance of （2）would be to get a transfusion from her younger brother，Michael.可知她唯一的生存机会就是从她的弟弟迈克尔那里输血。说明手术后她能过健康的生活。故答案为B。
（19）考查名词及语境理解。A.patience耐心；B.confidence自信；C.independence独立；D.selflessness无私。根据下句being selfless can help us（20）with others，which is rewarding and fulfilling.可知无私可以帮助我们与他人联系，这是有益的，令人满足的。说明她的哥哥非常无私。故答案为D。
（20）考查动词及语境理解。A.connect连接；B.cope处理；C.correspond相符；D.struggle奋斗。无私可以帮助我们与他人联系，这是有益的，令人满足的。故答案为A。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了爱丽丝的哥哥用自己的血救回了爱丽丝。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。

41.【答案】【小题1】who/that
【小题2】themselves
【小题3】than
【小题4】features
【小题5】the
【小题6】appreciation
【小题7】has witnessed
【小题8】satisfied
【小题9】keeping
【小题10】to ensure
【解析】（1）考查定语从句。句意：在长城上偶遇周文君的徒步旅行者认为自己很幸运。此处引导定语从句，先行词是Hikers，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填 who/that。
（2）考查反身代词。句意：在长城上偶遇周文君的徒步旅行者认为自己很幸运。根据句意可知，当宾语和主语所指相同时，宾语要用反身代词。故填themselves。
（3）考查固定短语。句意：44岁的他不仅仅是一名保安。more than表示"不仅仅"。故填than。
（4）考查可数名词的复数。句意：周知道每座烽火台的不同之处，他还能告诉你构成北京东北部密云区司马台长城的古代石头和砖块的主要特征。分析句意和ancient stones and bricks可知，此处应用名词复数。故填features。
（5）考查冠词。句意：他每天学习历史知识，以便能够回答好奇的游客提出的问题。此处特指历史知识，应用定冠词修饰名词。故填the。
（6）考查不可数名词。句意：周对长城的欣赏--一种中国古代智慧和工艺的体现--是由一项令人惊讶的工作需求驱动的。根据空前的Zhou's可知，其后应接名词，表示"欣赏"，为不可数名词，故填appreciation。
（7）考查时态及主谓一致。句意：自从他2018年加入司马台段担任警卫以来，他目睹了越来越多强烈好奇的游客。时间状语为Ever since he joined，此处应用现在完成时。主语是he，助动词用has。故填has witnessed。
（8）考查形容词。句意：这些人不再满足于仅仅观光。be satisfied with表示"对……满意"，此处用形容词作are的表语，修饰These people，表示"满意的，满足的"。故填satisfied。
（9）考查动名词。句意：周的职责包括保护游客安全和保护长城。分析句子结构可知，并列连词and的前后结构要保持一致。根据and后protecting可知，用动名词形式作include的宾语。故填keeping。
（10）考查动词不定式。句意：每天，他都要在这条全长5.7公里的道路上来回行走，从北部的金山岭到西部的古北口，以确保没有人偏离这条特殊的道路，进入司马台的未开发地区。此处用动词不定式表目的。故填to ensure。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对长城了如指掌的保安周文君。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

42.【答案】Should the listening test in an English test be kept  and canceled？Some students think that the listening test should not ∧canceled.They insist listening is one of the four basic  skill in language learning.Therefore，we cannot ignore it.Besides，listening is an important channel for us to  getting information.It should be strengthened today as an international cooperation is becoming more  frequently.But the others disagree.They think the listening test is  fair to the students in the areas  that radio signals cannot be picked up effectively.And for certain reasons，there  was a big difference in teachers and equipment  among the countryside and the city.
详解：
1.考查连词。句意：英语考试中的听力考试应该保留还是取消？根据句意可知，前后文之间为选择关系，故应用or表示"或者"。故and改为or。
2.考查动词语态。句意：一些学生认为听力考试不应该被取消。分析可知，主语the listening test与动词cancel之间为被动关系，应用被动语态表示"被取消"。故在canceled前加be。
3.考查可数名词复数。句意：他们坚持认为听力是语言学习的四项基本技能之一。skill"技能"是可数名词，根据修饰词four可知，此处应用其复数形式。故skill改为skills。
4.考查动词原形。句意：此外，倾听是我们获取信息的重要渠道。分析可知，不定式符号to后应用动词原形。故getting改为get。
5.考查冠词。句意：在国际合作日益频繁的今天，它应该得到加强。cooperation"合作"为不可数名词，其前不能用不定冠词an。故去掉international前的an。
6.考查形容词。句意：在国际合作日益频繁的今天，它应该得到加强。分析可知，此处应用形容词frequent作becoming的表语。故frequently改为frequent。
7.考查形容词。句意：他们认为听力考试对那些无线电信号无法被有效接收的地区的学生是不公平的。分析可知，此处应用形容词作表语，结合句意可知，此处表示"不公平的"，形容词unfair符合题意。故fair改为unfair。
8.考查定语从句关系词。句意：他们认为听力考试对那些无线电信号无法被有效接收的地区的学生是不公平的。分析可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词是表示地点的名词the areas，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where引导。故that改为where。
9.考查动词时态。句意：由于某些原因，农村和城市在教师和设备方面存在很大差异。根据上下文可知，文章是在陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语a big difference为单数，be动词应用单数形式is。故was改为is。
10.考查介词。句意：由于某些原因，农村和城市在教师和设备方面存在很大差异。between…and…意为"在两者之间"，固定搭配。故among改为between。
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于英语考试中的听力考试应该保留还是取消的不同观点。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。

43.【答案】Face up to difficulties bravelyIn daily life，it's unavoidable for us to meet with difficult situations.We are expected to face challenges and difficulties in life with courage and determination while maintaining a positive outlook.【高分句型一】（自己对勇敢面对困难的理解）
When my grandfather was diagnosed with cancer，my family was extremely upset and shocked.【高分句型二】However，instead of giving up，he faced his illness bravely and underwent treatment with a positive attitude.He also started a blog to share his experiences with others，inspiring many along the way.（列举自己遇到的困难）
In conclusion，facing difficulties with courage and determination is essential for personal growth and success.By facing difficult situations bravely，we can truly understand our own strength and gain confidence.
【解析】高分句型一：We are expected to face challenges and difficulties in life with courage and determination while maintaining a positive outlook.
翻译：我们应该以勇气和决心面对生活中的挑战和困难，同时保持积极的态度。
分析：本句运用了while引导的状语从句的省略。
高分句型二：When my grandfather was diagnosed with cancer，my family was extremely upset and shocked.
翻译：当我的祖父被诊断出患有癌症时，我的家人非常沮丧和震惊。
分析：本句运用了when引导的时间状语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。