2023年浙江省宁波市镇海重点中学高考英语模拟试卷-普通用卷

这是一份2023年浙江省宁波市镇海重点中学高考英语模拟试卷-普通用卷，共25页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年浙江省宁波市镇海重点中学高考英语模拟试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
It's that time of year，again，somehow time for the list of UK LEGO events of this year 2023.Here is a rough guide.
Discovery Brick Show
Date：30th，April-1st，May
Place：Discovery Museum
Description：This LEGO show in central Newcastle returns，with LEGO models from builders across the UK，activities and a marketplace for LEGO-lovers.
Cost：Some free activities；entry to the marketplace requires a paid ticket.
Thirsk Brick Show
Date：12th February
Place：Thirsk& Sowerby Town Hall
Description：A small LEGO show in this town hall，back for its third year.The money that is made from the show goes to an aged care centre in the town.LEGO displays and some activities.
Cost：A small entry fee in aid of charity.
Hull Brick Festival
Date：13th-14th August
Place：Guildhall
Description：This show is in its seventh year and this time it's in town for the whole weekend!Awesome
LEGO creations from the best builders in the UK，fun activities plus several specialist
LEGO traders with everything from new bargain sets，loose bricks to custom accessories.
Cost：Free entry；ticket booking is recommended.
Caterham Model Show
Date：17th September
Place：Sacred Heart Centenary Hall
Description：This remarkable LEGO and model show is back again this year.LEGO as well as non-LEGO displays，activities and traders who buy and sell a lot of unique LEGO creations.
Cost：Paid tickets are required for entry；see the event page for details.
1. Whose profits will be used to help people in need？ ______
A. Discovery Brick Show's. B. Thirsk Brick Show's.
C. Hull Brick Festival's. D. Caterham Model Show's.
2. Where will a free but ticketed LEGO event be hosted？ ______
A. In Discovery Museum. B. In Thirsk& Sowerby Town Hall.
C. In Guildhall. D. In Sacred Heart Centenary Hall.
3. What do the four events have in common？ ______
A. They have been held before.
B. They are aimed at selling LEGO models.
C. They have their marketplace.
D. They include some non-LEGO activities.
B
The first time a tortoise walked through my hut at Middle Camp on Aldabra Atoll，I was amazed.I grabbed my camera and carefully positioned myself to take this wildlife encounter.The second time：same thing.The third time：I picked up my phone and took a snapshot.By the fourth or fifth time，I didn't even look when I felt something bump into me.I knew what it was.
I was there to shoot a story about island restoration in the Seychelles，far off the east coast of Africa in the Indian Ocean.Until roughly the middle of the past century，the small island nation showed signs of real environmental killing — local vegetation — cleared to make way for coconut plantations，foreign rats and mice running uncontrolled，native sea turtles and giant tortoises being exploited.Biodiversity seemed destroyed.But then the country experienced a shift in conservation awareness — and the giant Aldabra tortoises are among its most visible signs.
Every morning when I woke up and walked outside the hut，I had to remind myself that I hadn't traveled back in time.I could see flightless Aldabra rails，coconut crabs the size of dinner plates，and giant tortoises — roughly four feet long and weighing up to 550 pounds — just wandering around.The number of sharks in the bay was crazy.Frigatebirds and boobies （鲣鸟） nested in the mangroves （a kind of tree）.When we left our hut doors open，which we often did to let in air，the tortoises would walk right through.
In the late afternoon or early evening，whenever they'd finished eating，the tortoises would drop themselves down and fall asleep with their heads outstretched.That made nighttime trips to the outhouse perilous.To get there，we'd have to go 200 feet into the mangroves，negotiating what I called the tortoise slalom trail.
It was a track without a pattern，because of course they picked different places to sleep every night.Avoiding them was important：Falling headfirst over a tortoise onto the sharp coral rock could lead to serious injury on an island far from medical facilities.
Nothing was easy on Aldabra，and much of it was insanely difficult.Yet living among the tortoises in this primordial place，in one of the last spots where reptiles still rule，was one of the happiest times of my life.
4. How did the author feel about his final meeting with the tortoise in his room？ ______
A. Calm B. Excited C. Concerned D. Disturbed
5. What made the wildlife on the island suffer during the last century？ ______
A. Introducing foreign species.
B. Killing too many rats and mice.
C. Planting lots of coconut trees.
D. Repairing the building on the island.
6. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3？ ______
A. To stress the importance of their work.
B. To introduce how large the tortoises are.
C. To present his daily routine on the island.
D. To show how the wildlife is diverse on the island.
7. What might be the suitable title for this passage？ ______
A. Island fills with curious tourists.
B. Aldabra calls for wildlife protection.
C. Tortoises rule on this isolated island again.
D. Efforts are made to protect the environment.
C
A child's early years of language development are important for the basics of school readiness，such as literacy （读写） skills and social and emotional growth.In a recent study，University of Miami Assistant Professor of Psychology Lynn Perry and a team of fellow researchers who examined child speech communications over the course of a year found that children benefit from conversations with their peers （同龄人） and their teachers.The study examined how language use and development in 2-and 3-year-old children was influenced by what they heard from their teachers and their peers.
"Previous research on language development looked mostly at the role of parent-child communication within a home setting or a lab environment，which means we're missing a big part of a child's everyday life — the classroom，" said Perry. "We know that parent language is important for children's development and their academic achievement，but we don't have much research on what happens in the kindergarten or preschool setting."
Using a device （设备） called a Language Environment Analysis （LENA） recorder，Perry collected hundreds of hours of audio recordings.Children wore the LENA recorder once a week.LENA software then assessed whether the recorded audio was speech or not，and whether the speech came from the child wearing the recorder or from an adult or another child talking to them.
After studying the audio data，Perry found that the speech children heard from other children was positively related to their own language use，meaning children who heard the most from their peers learn more new words and vocalize more during the course of the year.Additionally，there was a positive association between a teacher talking and children's language use and development — but only when that teacher talked to the child in a back-and-forth conversation，rather than just talking to the child with no opportunity for the child to respond.
"One important aspect of the study that stands out to me is how important it was to see those conversational turns with teachers，and that back-and-forth conversation with the child is very beneficial.We talked to the teachers about the results，and they are very excited about this finding and currently brainstorming additional opportunities to have conversations with children，" adds Perry.
8. What does the new study focus on？ ______
A. The basics of school readiness for preschool children.
B. The parent-child communication at home or in the lab.
C. The influence of conversations in the kindergarten on children.
D. The ways to improve preschool children's healthy growth.
9. How did the researchers perform their new study？ ______
A. By observing the children in class .
B. By conducting a survey of teachers.
C. By communicating with the children.
D. By recording the children's speech in class.
10. What does the underlined word " vocalize" in paragraph 4 mean？ ______
A. Listen. B. Speak. C. Read. D. Write.
11. What do teachers plan to do to develop children's speech ability according to the text？ ______
A. Have more back -and- forth conversations with children.
B. Encourage children to listen more to their own speech.
C. Inform parents of the importance of conversational turns.
D. Add more brainstorming activities to their daily teaching.
D
Do you crave chips，pizza，donuts，or cake？These kinds of foods are high in sugar and fats，which make them delicious but not nutritious.A recent analysis suggests that certain ingredients in these types of processed foods can be addictive.
According to the research published in the journal Addiction，certain foods can trigger the same feelings as drugs.It all comes down to what's happening in the brain.When we feel happy，it's due to a flood of the feel-good chemical dopamine（多巴胺） in the striatum.This region is part of the brain's reward circuit.The striatum gets a dopamine rush when something good happens.Drugs and alcohol can cause a similar high.So，it turns out，can some popular snack foods.
"We're designed to find carbohydrates（碳水化合物） and fats，" says Ashley Gearhardt，a psychologist at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.Evolving such tastes helped our ancestors "overcome famine and make sure we survive，" she explains.That critical role shaped the brain's reward system，making us hard-wired to enjoy carbohydrates and fatty foods.
The problem isn't with all foods containing carbohydrates and fats.Fruit is full of sugar.Oats and other whole grains have lots of carbohydrates.Nuts and meat have fat.But such unprocessed foods—eaten in a form that's similar to how they grew—also contain other nutrients，such as fiber，that slow digestion.That limits how quickly our bodies can absorb the nutrients.
Cookies，candy，soda，fries and other highly processed foods lack those additional nutrients.Such foods contain ingredients that have been highly changed from their natural state.They're chock full of easy-to-absorb carbohydrates and added fats.What's more，they often contain ingredients that don't naturally occur together.When we eat these foods，we get a quick "hit" of carbs and fats that give the brain a boost.That makes us want to eat them again and again.
12. According to the article，which types of food can be addictive？ ______
A. Fruits and grains. B. Cookies and cake.
C. Nuts and meat. D. Oats and fiber.
13. Why are humans hard-wired to enjoy carbs and fatty foods，according to the article？ ______
A. They provide quick energy.
B. They helped our ancestors survive.
C. They are full of fiber.
D. They contain natural sugars.
14. How does the brain react when we eat certain highly processed foods？ ______
A. It gets a boost of carbs and fats that make us feel full.
B. It slows down the digestion process.
C. It triggers the same feelings as drugs.
D. It releases feel-good chemicals that prevent addiction.
15. What is the main idea of the article？ ______
A. Certain processed foods can create addictive responses.
B. Unprocessed foods are better for you than processed foods.
C. Our brains are born to enjoy carbohydrates and fats.
D. The lack of additional nutrients in processed foods makes them unhealthy.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Learn to Cite Sources （引用资料）
During your university education， you'll be exposed to ideas and scientific theories of scholars and scientists． Unavoidably， your own ideas will be shaped by the ideas you come across． (16) That means you should go beyond what you learn in your textbooks or in the library． Your original work is the basis for your professor's evaluation of your performance． Thus， academic honesty is fundamental in your university education． It demands that you cite the source materials you base your own work on． (17)．
Correctly citing your sources helps you distinguish your own ideas from those of other scholars． On the readers' side， it permits a reader to determine the depth of your research． (18) On the contrary， lack of citing will only raise your reader's doubt．
So you need to learn when to cite and how to provide an adequate or accurate reference list． If you fail to cite your sources， whether deliberately or carelessly， you will be found responsible for plagiarism （抄袭）． (19) If you are not sure， ask your professor for guidance before submitting the paper or report． Keep in mind this general rule： when in doubt， cite!
(20) For example， students from East Asia may think that copying directly from sources is the proper way to do research． Students in France， preparing for the final examination， may be encouraged to memorize whole passages and copy them into papers． Those cultural differences can lead to false assumptions about academic expectations in the country you study in．

A．Some university students may cheat in different ways．
B．These include other scholars' ideas， figures， graphs and so on．
C．The academic challenge you face is to make something original．
D．Often， students want to use others' opinions to support their own essays．
E．It also allows a reader to appreciate your original contribution to the research．
F．For international students， it is important to know local academic expectations．
G．Not knowing academic regulations is an unacceptable excuse for such behavior．
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
My cousin is nine years old，a little bit fat and doesn't do really well at school.She is heavily（1） ______ ，and thus has developed some resistance and（2） ______ towards adults，who usually don't put high hopes in her.
Yesterday we went to an art exhibition together.There were paintings from kids with disabilities.My little girl has a（3） ______ eye，for the paintings she liked most were also the best of the show.She voluntarily helped to（4） ______ the chairs and table for a sharing session，painted by herself alongside new friends while I attended the sharing，and also（5） ______ helped me to get my bag from another room，（6） ______ that doesn't happen often at home as she's usually glued to her iPad.
In the afternoon，we went to buy books together.I bought a book written by a mom（7） ______ her journey with her autistic （自闭的） son.On the bus back home，I briefly（8） ______ the book to my cousin，and to my surprise she was（9） ______ interested.She kept asking me to tell more stories about the boy in the book who（10） ______ with small things in life.Even when the subject strayed （偏离） elsewhere，she insisted on hearing more about this boy.This is the first time I've seen her so interested in a（11） ______ Usually when she talks to me she describes events at school and at home without a（12） ______ focus.I'm very touched that the life of a（13） ______ has found its way into this little girl's heart.
I'm very thankful for the power of books，for the beauty that my cousin revealed to me，and for the time we had together.I（14） ______ that I can keep seeing clearly the wonderful things in her，so that whenever the（15） ______ world puts her down，I can remind her how truly wonderful she has always been.
21.  A. abused B. adored C. challenged D. teased
22.  A. satisfaction B. dependence C. distrust D. appreciation
23.  A. curious B. blind C. doubtful D. sharp
24.  A. donate B. rent C. arrange D. distribute
25.  A. finally B. unwillingly C. cheerfully D. secretly
26.  A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
27.  A. beginning B. advertising C. recording D. taking
28.  A. sent B. lent C. owed D. introduced
29.  A. nearly B. hardly C. slightly D. truly
30.  A. struggles B. plays C. deals D. lives
31.  A. painting B. journey C. topic D. title
32.  A. simple B. clear C. natural D. controversial
33.  A. relative B. stranger C. traveler D. passer-by
34.  A. pray B. suspect C. agree D. conclude
35.  A. know-it-all B. not-so-kind
C. on-the-go D. good-for-nothing
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. In China calligraphy occupies a distinguished position in the field of traditional art.It is not only a means of communication，（1） ______ a means of expressing a person's inner world in（2） ______ aesthetic way.
Ancient people paid great attention（3） ______ calligraphy.A candidate could show his literary talent in the Imperial Examination，for good handwriting gave a first（4） ______ （impress） to the examiners.
To practise calligraphy（5） ______ （ require） the basic tools of four treasures of study，writing brush，ink stick，paper，and ink slab as well as much concentration on guiding the soft writing brush charged with fluid ink，and writing on the paper（6） ______ the ink will diffuse （扩散） quickly.Once the brush movement hesitates，a black mark is created，so speed，as well as strength，is the essence of fine artwork.When（7） ______ （ write），many calligraphers will forget all worries and even（8） ______ （ them），combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art.Thus it can（9） ______ （compare） with Qigong，which also can shape and improve a person's temper and promote well-being.
Today，although（10） ______ （variety） modern ways have been substituted for the original calligraphy，people still love the ancient form and practise it untiringly.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假如你是校报的学生编辑李华，前几天美国贝瑞中学（Barrie School）前来你校进行中美文化交流的交换生们参加了 "中国戏剧文化探索"的系列活动。请你写一封邮件，向他们征集感想文字和活动照片，内容包括：
（1）作品要求；
（2）提交方式；
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾以为你写好。

Dear Barrie School Exchange Student Team，___________

Li Hua， Student editor of the school newspaper

38. Sara Savick remembers one special Easter when she was nine years old.Her parents gave her a baby duckling in a yellow basket.
"Mom said later that she bought the little duck because she felt sorry for it," recalled Sara.The people at the pet store colored the feathers pink for Easter.Sara named the duck Pinky.
Sara's mother really didn't think the baby duck would survive very long.But to her surprise,Pinky grew and got stronger and stronger.Soon,the little duckling was a healthy,hungry duck with white feathers.
"We fed Pinky oatmeal,cooked and uncooked,and small pieces of vegetables," said Sara.Pinky lived inside the house with Sara and her family.She specially fancied taking baths with Sara.Everyone treated Pinky as a family member.
But just when everything appeared to be perfect,the night of the "talk" came.Sara's Mom and Dad sat her down,explaining that the best thing for Pinky was to live a normal duck life,with other ducks.It was not natural for ducks to live indoors with a family,her father told her.He added Pinky needed to swim in ponds and do all the same things that ducks in the wild do.
Sara started to cry,knowing what was going to happen.Sara's parents decided to take Pinky to a park,which was two miles away.There was a pond with a lot of other ducks.Pinky would have the chance to live a natural life and Sara could still visit her.
The big day came.Sara and her parents put Pinky in a box and drove to the park.Sara said that Pinky did not look happy；maybe Pinky was convinced that she was a human,not a duck.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Everyone was sad when they left Pinky at the pond,even Sara's father.
The next morning,when looking out of the kitchen window,Sara couldn't believe her eyes！
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文Thirsk Brick Show部分中的关键句The money that is made from the show goes to an aged care centre in the town.（从节目中赚到的钱流向了镇上的一家老年护理中心。）推断出该活动中表演的收入帮助一家老年护理中心，由此可知利润用来帮助需要帮助的人的活动是Thirsk Brick Show's。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。由本文Hull Brick Festival部分中的关键句Cost：Free entry；ticket booking is recommended.（费用：免费入场；建议订票。）以及Place：Guildhall（地点：Guildhall），推断出该活动是免费但有售票的LEGO活动，在Guildhall举行。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。由本文第一段It's that time of year，again，somehow time for the list of UK LEGO events of this year 2023.Here is a rough guide.（又到了一年中的那个时候，不知何故，是时候列出2023年英国乐高活动清单了。这是一个粗略的指南。）中的again推断出，英国LEGO活动以前举行过。故选A。
本文是一篇应用文。主要列举了2023年英国LEGO活动的情况。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

4~7.【答案】A、C、D、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段By the fourth or fifth time，I didn't even look when I felt something bump into me.I knew what it was.（到第四次或第五次，有东西撞到我时，我甚至不去看了。我知道它是什么）可知，作者最后几次在房间遇到乌龟甚至都不去看，对此已经司空见惯，由此可推知，作者内心是"平静的"。故选A项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中Until roughly the middle of the past century，the small island nation showed signs of real environmental killing—local vegetation — cleared to make way for coconut plantations，foreign rats and mice running uncontrolled，native sea turtles and giant tortoises being exploited.（直到大约上世纪中期，这个小岛国才展示出环境杀戮的迹象---为椰子种植园让路，当地的植被被清理，外来老鼠失控地满地跑，当地海龟和巨龟被开发）可知，是由于椰子种植园，当地的野生生物才遭受损失。故选C项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Every morning when I woke up and walked outside the hut，I had to remind myself that I hadn't traveled back in time.I could see flightless Aldabra rails，coconut crabs the size of dinner plates，and giant tortoises — roughly four feet long and weighing up to 550 pounds — just wandering around.The number of sharks in the bay was crazy.Frigatebirds and boobies （鲣鸟） nested in the mangroves （a kind of tree）.When we left our hut doors open，which we often did to let in air，the tortoises would walk right through.（每天早晨，当我醒来走出小屋时，我不得不提醒自己，我并没有回到过去。我可以看到不会飞的阿尔达布拉秧鸡，餐盘大小的椰子蟹，还有大约四英尺长，重达550磅的巨型陆龟，它们四处游荡。海湾里鲨鱼的数量多得惊人。军舰鸟和鲣鸟在红树林（一种树）筑巢。当我们把茅屋的门打开时（我们经常这样做是为了让空气进来），乌龟就会直接进来）可推知，本段主要是为了展示岛上野生生物的多样性。故选D项。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章内容尤其是最后一句Yet living among the tortoises in this primordial place，in one of the last spots where reptiles still rule，was one of the happiest times of my life.（然而，在这个原始的地方，在爬行动物仍然统治的最后一个地方之一，与乌龟生活在一起是我一生中最快乐的时光之一）可知，文章主要讲述了作者在印度洋Aldabra群岛上与海龟共同度过的快乐时光，Aldabra群岛是被爬行动物占领的原始地方之一，所以C项"海龟统治孤立的岛屿"适合作本文标题。A．Island fills with curious tourists.岛上挤满了好奇的游客；B．Aldabra calls for wildlife protection.阿尔达布拉呼吁保护野生动物；C．Tortoises rule on this isolated island again.乌龟再次统治了这个孤岛；D．Efforts are made to protect the environment.人们努力保护环境。故选C项。
这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在印度洋群岛上，与海龟共同度过的快乐时光。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地D理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
  我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

8~11.【答案】C、D、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中The study examined how language use and development in 2- and 3-year-old children was influenced by what they heard from their teachers and their peers.（这项研究测试了2岁和3岁儿童的语言使用和发展是如何受到老师和同龄人所说的话的影响的）可推知，这项研究测试的是在幼儿园环境里与老师和同学的交流对幼儿语言的使用和发展的影响，所以C项"幼儿园交流对幼儿的影响"是研究的重点。故选C项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段第一句 "Previous research on language development looked mostly at the role of parent-child communication within a home setting or a lab environment，which means we're missing a big part of a child's everyday life — the classroom，" said Perry.（"以前关于语言发展的研究大多着眼于家庭环境或实验室环境中亲子沟通的影响，这意味研究者错过了孩子日常生活的很大一部分环境---课堂"Perry说）和第三段中Using a device （设备） called a Language Environment Analysis （LENA） recorder，Perry collected hundreds of hours of audio recordings. （佩里使用一种叫做"语言环境分析记录器"的设备，收集了数百小时的音频录音）可知，这项研究主要是通过录下孩子们在课堂上所说的话这一方式进行的。故选D项。
（3）词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句中的the speech children heard from other children was positively related to their own language use（孩子们从其他孩子那里听到的语言与他们自己的语言使用呈正相关）可知，研究了音频数据后，Perry发现孩子们从其他孩子那里听到的话语与他们自己的语言使用呈正相关，结合第一段中的examined child speech communications（测试孩子的语言交流）和划线词所在句中的heard可知，这项研究主要是关于孩子的语言交流能力，由此可推知，此处应指从同龄人那里听到最多话语的孩子，能学习到的新词更多，也会说得更多，故vocalize意为"说话"。A．Listen.听；B．Speak.说话；C．Read.读书；D．Write.写。故选B项。
（4）推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句Additionally，there was a positive association between a teacher talking and children's language use and development — but only when that teacher talked to the child in a back-and-forth conversation，rather than just talking to the child with no opportunity for the child to respond.（此外，教师的交谈与儿童的语言使用和发展之间存在着积极的联系---但只有当教师与孩子进行来回交谈时，而不是只与孩子交谈，孩子没有机会回应时才会这样）"和最后一段的"back-and-forth conversation with the child is very beneficial.We talked to the teachers about the results，and they are very excited about this finding and currently brainstorming additional opportunities to have conversations with children（与孩子的来回对话是非常有益的。我们与老师讨论了结果，他们对这一发现非常兴奋，目前正在集思广益，寻找更多与孩子对话的机会）推知，为了发展孩子的语言能力，教师应反复鼓励孩子多说话，并与他们互动。A．Have more back -and- forth conversations with children.与孩子进行更多的交流；B．Encourage children to listen more to their own speech.鼓励孩子多听自己的讲话；C．Inform parents of the importance of conversational turns.告知父母对话的重要性；D．Add more brainstorming activities to their daily teaching.在他们的日常教学中加入更多的头脑风暴活动。故选A项。
这是一篇说明文。文章指出儿童早期的语言发展对他们将来的读写技能以及社会和情感发展具有重要的作用。一项研究表明，教室内的语言交流有助于学龄前儿童语言能力的发展。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地D理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
  我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

12~15.【答案】B、B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Do you crave chips，pizza，donuts，or cake？These kinds of foods are high in sugar and fats，which make them delicious but not nutritious.A recent analysis suggests that certain ingredients in these types of processed foods can be addictive. （你想吃薯片、披萨、甜甜圈还是蛋糕？这类食物含糖量高，脂肪含量高，所以味道鲜美，但营养不良。最近的一项分析表明，这些类型的加工食品中的某些成分可能会上瘾。）和最后一段Cookies，candy，soda，fries and other highly processed foods lack those additional nutrients.Such foods contain ingredients that have been highly changed from their natural state.They're chock full of easy-to-absorb carbohydrates and added fats.What's more，they often contain ingredients that don't naturally occur together.When we eat these foods，we get a quick "hit" of carbs and fats that give the brain a boost.That makes us want to eat them again and again. （饼干、糖果、苏打水、薯条和其他高度加工的食品缺乏这些额外的营养。这些食物所含的成分与它们的自然状态有很大的不同。它们富含易于吸收的碳水化合物和添加的脂肪。更重要的是，它们通常含有不自然发生在一起的成分。当我们吃这些食物时，我们会很快"摄入"碳水化合物和脂肪，从而增强大脑。这让我们一次又一次地想吃它们。）可知，饼干和蛋糕会让人上瘾。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段"We're designed to find carbohydrates（碳水化合物） and fats，" says Ashley Gearhardt，a psychologist at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.Evolving such tastes helped our ancestors "overcome famine and make sure we survive，" she explains.That critical role shaped the brain's reward system，making us hard-wired to enjoy carbohydrates and fatty foods. （"我们旨在寻找碳水化合物和脂肪。"密歇根大学安娜堡分校的心理学家Ashley Gearhardt说。她解释说，这种口味的进化帮助我们的祖先"克服了饥荒，确保了我们的生存"。这一关键作用塑造了大脑的奖励系统，使我们天生喜欢碳水化合物和高脂肪食物。）可知，我们天生喜欢碳水化合物和高脂肪食物是因为这些食物帮助我们的祖先生存了下来。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第二段According to the research published in the journal Addiction，certain foods can trigger the same feelings as drugs.It all comes down to what's happening in the brain.When we feel happy，it's due to a flood of the feel-good chemical dopamine（多巴胺） in the striatum.This region is part of the brain's reward circuit.The striatum gets a dopamine rush when something good happens.Drugs and alcohol can cause a similar high.So，it turns out，can some popular snack foods. （根据发表在《上瘾》杂志上的研究，某些食物会引发与药物相同的感觉。这一切都归结为大脑中正在发生的事情。当我们感到快乐时，这是由于大量的感觉良好的化学物质多巴胺在纹状体中。这个区域是大脑奖赏回路的一部分。当好事发生时，纹状体会分泌多巴胺。毒品和酒精会导致类似的高。事实证明，一些受欢迎的零食也是如此。）可知，当我们吃某些高度加工的食物时，大脑会引发与毒品相同的感觉。故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段Do you crave chips，pizza，donuts，or cake？These kinds of foods are high in sugar and fats，which make them delicious but not nutritious.A recent analysis suggests that certain ingredients in these types of processed foods can be addictive. （你想吃薯片、披萨、甜甜圈还是蛋糕？这类食物含糖量高，脂肪含量高，所以味道鲜美，但营养不良。最近的一项分析表明，这些类型的加工食品中的某些成分可能会上瘾。）可知，这篇文章讲述某些加工食品会让人上瘾。A．Certain processed foods can create addictive responses.某些加工食品会产生上瘾的反应；B．Unprocessed foods are better for you than processed foods.未加工的食物比加工过的食物对你更好；C．Our brains are born to enjoy carbohydrates and fats.我们的大脑生来就喜欢碳水化合物和脂肪；D．The lack of additional nutrients in processed foods makes them unhealthy.加工食品缺乏额外的营养，这使它们不健康。故选A。
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍最近的一项分析表明，一些加工食品中的某些成分可能会让人上瘾。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地D理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
  我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

16~20.【答案】C、B、E、G、F
【解析】1-5  CBEGF
1．C．细节理解题．根据前文"your own ideas will be shaped by the ideas you come across你自己的想法会被你遇到的想法所塑造"．可知此处应填"你所面临的学术挑战是创造一些原创的东西"．故选C．
2．B．细节理解题．根据前文"It demands that you cite the source materials you base your own work on它要求您引用基于您自己工作的源材料"．可知此处应填"这些包括其他学者的想法，数字，图表等等"．故选B．
3．E．细节理解题．根据前文"it permits a reader to determine the depth of your research它允许读者决定你的研究的深度"．可知此处应填"它也让读者欣赏你对研究的最初贡献"．故选E．
4．G．细节理解题．根据下文"If you are not sure， ask your professor for guidance before submitting the paper or report如果你不确定，在提交论文或报告之前向你的教授寻求指导"．可知此处应填"不了解学术规定是这种行为不可接受的借口"．故选G．
5．F．细节理解题．根据下文"For example， students from East Asia may think that copying directly from sources is the proper way to do research东亚的学生可能认为直接从资料中抄袭是做研究的正确方法"．可知此处应填"对于国际学生来说，了解当地的学术期望是很重要的"．故选F．
本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了学会引用资料．
此题主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

21~35.【答案】D、C、D、C、C、B、C、D、D、A、C、B、B、A、B
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.abused虐待；B.adored崇拜；C.challenged挑战；D.teased取笑。句意：她经常被嘲笑，因此对成年人产生了一些抵制和不信任，而成年人通常不会对她寄予厚望。根据上文"My cousin is nine years old，a little bit fat and doesn't do really well at school."可知她有点胖，因此被人取笑。故选D。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.satisfaction满意；B.dependence    依赖；C.distrust不信任；D.appreciation欣赏。句意：她经常被嘲笑，因此对成年人产生了一些抵制和不信任，而成年人通常不会对她寄予厚望。和上文的"resistance"并列，所以应该是不信任，故选C。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.curious好奇的；B.blind盲的；C.doubtful怀疑的；D.sharp敏锐的。句意：我的小女孩眼光很敏锐，她最喜欢的画也是展览中最好的。根据下文"for the paintings she liked most were also the best of the show."可知说明她的眼光很敏锐，故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.donate捐赠；B.rent出租；C.arrange安排，整理；D.distribute分配。句意：在分享会上，她主动帮我整理椅子和桌子，在我参加分享时，她自己和新朋友一起画画，还很高兴地帮我从另一个房间拿包，这在家里并不常见，因为她通常都盯着iPad。根据下文"the chairs and table for a sharing session，painted by herself alongside new friends while I attended the sharing"可知是主动帮我整理桌子和椅子，故选C。
（5）考查副词及语境理解。A.finally最后；B.unwillingly不情愿地；C.cheerfully高兴地；D.secretly秘密地。句意：在分享会上，她主动帮我整理椅子和桌子，在我参加分享时，她自己和新朋友一起画画，还很高兴地帮我从另一个房间拿包，这在家里并不常见，因为她通常都盯着iPad。根据上文"She voluntarily helped to（4）______the chairs and table for a sharing session"　可知是高兴地帮作者干活，故选C。
（6）考查不定代词及语境理解。A.anything任何事情；B.something某事；C.nothing没有事情；D.everything每件事。句意：在分享会上，她主动帮我整理椅子和桌子，在我参加分享时，她自己和新朋友一起画画，还很高兴地帮我从另一个房间拿包，这在家里并不常见，因为她通常都盯着iPad。这里指代上文帮助作者拿包的事情，故选B。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.beginning开始；B.advertising打广告；C.recording记录；D.taking带走。句意：我买了一本母亲写的书，记录了她和患有自闭症的儿子的旅程。根据上文"I bought a book written by a mom"可知下文是书中记录的内容，故选C。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.sent寄；B.lent借给；C.owed欠；D.introduced介绍。句意：在回家的公共汽车上，我简单地把这本书介绍给我的表妹，令我惊讶的是，她真的很感兴趣。根据下文"to my surprise she was（9）______interested."可知是把书介绍给我的表妹，故选D。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.nearly差不多；B.hardly几乎不；C.slightly稍微地；D.truly真地。句意：在回家的公共汽车上，我简单地把这本书介绍给我的表妹，令我惊讶的是，她真的很感兴趣。根据上文"to my surprise"可知是表妹很感兴趣，故选D。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.struggles挣扎；B.plays玩耍；C.deals处理；D.lives居住。句意：她一直让我多讲一些书中那个为生活中的小事而挣扎的男孩的故事。根据下文"small things in life"可知是对生活中小事的挣扎，故选A。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.painting绘画；B.journey旅行；C.topic主题；D.title标题。句意：这是我第一次看到她对一个话题如此感兴趣。根据上文"Even when the subject strayed （偏离） elsewhere，she insisted on hearing more about this boy."可知是对这个话题感兴趣，故选C。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.simple简单的；B.clear明确的；C.natural自然的；D.controversial有争议的。句意：通常，当她和我说话时，她会描述学校和家里发生的事情，但没有明确的重点。根据 上文"Even when the subject strayed （偏离） elsewhere，she insisted on hearing more about this boy."可知和平时的情况进行对比，说明她平时说的一些事情都没有明确的重点，故选B。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.relative亲戚；B.stranger陌生人；C.traveler旅行者；D.passer-by过路人。句意：我很感动，一个陌生人的生活已经进入了这个小女孩的心。书中的人和作者他们应该是不认识，是陌生人，故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.pray祈祷；B.suspect怀疑；C.agree同意；D.conclude推断。句意：我祈祷我能一直清楚地看到她身上美好的东西，这样每当这个不那么善良的世界贬低她时，我就能提醒她，她一直都是多么美好。根据下文"I can keep seeing clearly the wonderful things in her"可知是祈祷美好的东西发生在她的身上，故选A。
（15）考查复合词语及语境理解。A.know-it-all百事通；B.not-so-kind没那么善良；C.on-the-go活跃的；D.good-for-nothing一无是处。句意：我祈祷我能一直清楚地看到她身上美好的东西，这样每当这个不那么善良的世界贬低她时，我就能提醒她，她一直都是多么美好。根据前文她经常被嘲笑，因此对成年人产生了一些抵制和不信任，而成年人通常不会对她寄予厚望，可知是不那么善良的世界，故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的堂妹因为有点胖被人取笑，从而对她不抱太大希望的成年人产生了一些抵触和不信任。一次作者和堂妹去参观一次艺术展览后去买书，作者在书店里找到一本一位母亲写的书，记录了她和患有自闭症的儿子的旅程。并介绍给堂妹，谁知道堂妹非常感兴趣，这是作者第一次看到她对一个话题如此感兴趣。感动于一个陌生人的生活进入了这个小女孩的内心。祈祷以后能够一直看到堂妹身上美好的东西。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。

36.【答案】【小题1】but
【小题2】an
【小题3】to
【小题4】impression
【小题5】requires
【小题6】where
【小题7】writing
【小题8】themselves
【小题9】be compared
【小题10】various
【解析】（1）考查固定句型。句意：它不仅是一种交流手段，也是一种以审美方式表达一个人内心世界的手段。Not only…but （also）…，意为"不仅……而且……"，符合句意，故填but。
（2）考查冠词。句意：它不仅是一种交流手段，也是一种以审美方式表达一个人内心世界的手段。设空处修饰名词，表泛指一种审美方式，应用冠词，设空后单词以元音音素开头，故填an。
（3）考查介词。句意：古人对书法十分重视。短语pay attention to，意为"注意，重视"，符合句意，故填to。
（4）考查可数名词的单数。句意：一个考生可以在科举考试中展示他的文学才能，因为好的书法能给考官留下第一印象。设空处为宾语，应用名词形式，前面有a修饰，应用单数形式，故填impression。
（5）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：练习书法，需要有"四宝"的基本工具---毛笔、墨棒、纸、砚台，还要集中精力用带着流动墨水的软毛笔引导，在墨水会迅速扩散的纸上写字。分析可知，设空处为谓语，主语是不定式短语，谓语用第三人称单数，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填requires。
（6）考查定语从句。句意：练习书法，需要有"四宝"的基本工具---毛笔、墨棒、纸、砚台，还要集中精力用带着流动墨水的软毛笔引导，在墨水会迅速扩散的纸上写字。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词paper，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
（7）考查状语从句的省略。句意：许多书法家在书写的时候，会忘记所有的烦恼，甚至忘记自己，把所有的思想融合在他们的艺术之美中。分析可知，当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时，从句可以省略主语和be动词，设空处和主语是主动关系，所以设空处应用现在分词，故填writing。
（8）考查反身代词。句意：许多书法家在书写的时候，会忘记所有的烦恼，甚至忘记自己，把所有的思想融合在他们的艺术之美中。设空处为宾语，并且指代主语自己，应用反身代词，故填themselves。
（9）考查动词语态。句意：因此，它可以与气功相比较，气功也可以塑造和改善一个人的脾气，促进健康。设空处为谓语动词，和主语之间是被动语态，接在情态动词后应用动词原形，故填be compared。
（10）考查形容词。句意：今天，虽然各种现代的方式已经取代了原来的书法，但人们仍然热爱古老的形式，并不知疲倦地练习它。设空处修饰名词作定语，应用形容词，故填various。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的传统艺术，书法。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

37.【答案】Dear Barrie School Exchange Student Team，
I feel more than happy to hear that you have attended a series of activities titled Exploration of Chinese Drama Culture held by our school.【高分句型一】I'm writing to collect your thoughts and activity photos.If some of you are interested in it，please express what you have learned from the activities or whatever part you like most. 【高分句型二】Besides，I know some of you took some photos during the activities.（作品要求）I will appreciate it if you can deliver them to me at 123456@163.com before May 31th.（提交方式）
Li Hua， Student editor of the school newspaper
【解析】高分句型一：I feel more than happy to hear that you have attended a series of activities titled Exploration of Chinese Drama Culture held by our school.
翻译：听说你参加了我校举办的"中国戏剧文化探索"系列活动，我感到非常高兴。
分析：本句运用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：If any of you are interested in it，please express what you have learned from the activities or whatever part you like most.
翻译：如果你对此感兴趣，请表达你从活动中学到了什么，或者你最喜欢的部分。
分析：本句运用了If引导的条件状语从句，what和whatever引导的宾语从句。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。

38.【答案】Everyone was sad when they left Pinky at the pond,even Sara's father.But he tried to convince Sara that Pinky was fine.Walking towards the car,Sara looked over her shoulder and saw Pinky standing alone.【高分句型一】The other ducks were swimming around in circles,looking at Pinky.To Sara,it seemed that they were trying to identify the strange animal.They didn't recognize Pinky as a duck.Worried about Pinky,Sara dreamed of Pinky being bullied by other ducks the whole night.（一家人怀着不舍和担忧放走了小鸭子）
The next morning,when looking out of the kitchen window,Sara couldn't believe her eyes!There was Pinky,happily walking around on the grass.Thrilled at what she saw,she kept asking herself,"How did she make it？" After all,it was two miles away and she managed to walk back through the city street.Incredible！But her parents drove Pinky back to the pond again regardless of her request.The following morning,there was Pinky again on the grass！Seeing Pinky again,her father,waving his arms wildly,moved his lips without saying anything.Meanwhile,Sara,overjoyed,hugged Pinky tightly,tears streaming down her cheeks.【高分句型二】（小鸭子居然又回到了一家三口身边）
【解析】本文讲的是一个故事，故事的主人公Sara收到了一个圣诞节的礼物--黄色的小鸭子，随着小鸭子的长大，父母认为小鸭子应该和其他正常的鸭子一样生活，于是决定放生小鸭子。
高分句型一  Walking towards the car,Sara looked over her shoulder and saw Pinky standing alone.
翻译：Sara朝汽车走去，回头看了看，发现Pinky独自站着。
分析：句中使用了现在分词作状语。
高分句型二  Meanwhile,Sara,overjoyed,hugged Pinky tightly,tears streaming down her cheeks.
翻译：与此同时，莎拉欣喜若狂，紧紧地拥抱着Pinky,泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。
分析：句中使用了独立主格结构。
解题方法点拨
 （1）品读原文，确定文章线索
       每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
       （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
       一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
       （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
       根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
       （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
       在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。