2023年湖南省长沙市雅礼教育集团中考英语一模试卷-普通用卷

这是一份2023年湖南省长沙市雅礼教育集团中考英语一模试卷-普通用卷，共19页。
2023年湖南省长沙市雅礼教育集团中考英语一模试卷 A
 1.  How many summer safety tips are mentioned above？ ______ A. 4. B. 5. C. 6.2.  What is needed for water safety while on a boat？ ______ A. A life jacket. B. A pool fence. C. A safety belt.BThere is a Chinese saying that says， "The whole year's work depends on a good start in spring".There are 24 solar terms（节气） in a year，including 6 solar terms in spring.

 Start of SpringOn this day，Chinese people have a custom of "biting（咬） spring".Usually they eat carrots or spring cakes.Rain WaterWith its arrival，the temperature rises slowly，wild geese move from south to north and trees and grass turn green again.Insects AwakenAfter it，insects sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder.It's the key time for spring farming activities.Spring EquinoxIt signals the equal length of the day and night time.Standing an egg upright is a popular game during it.Pure BrightnessIt is the only solar term which is also a traditional Chinese festival—Qingming Festival.Sweeping tombs and flying kites are common activities during it.Grain RainIt is the last solar term of spring.With the rain，all the crops are starting to grow.In southern China，people drink tea on this day to prevent bad luck. 3.  After ______ ，wild geese fly to the north.A. Start of Spring B. Rain Water C. Insects Awaken4.  What activity may Chinese people do during Pure Brightness？ ______ A. Biting spring. B. Standing eggs. C. Sweeping tombs.5.  What do we know about the Grain Rain？ ______ A. All Chinese people drink tea on this day.
B. It is the last solar term of a year.
C. It is a time for crops to grow.CAnimals can move from place to place，but plants cannot.When an animal is under attack，it can run away or fight back.Plants certainly cannot run away.But plants can protect themselves by using physical or chemical means.
Some plants have physical ways to keep animals away.For example，the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines （刺） that discourage grass-eating animals.Its lower leaves have more spines than upper leaves.This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.Oak trees have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.Some grasses may have a sandy material and eating such grasses wears down the animals' teeth.
Many plants also have chemical ways to protect themselves.Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction.Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals.When a caterpillar （毛虫） bites a tobacco（烟草） leaf，the leaf produces a chemical messenger.This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine（尼古丁）.The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar from eating it.A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.6.  Why does the writer compare animals with plants in Paragraph 1？ ______ A. To tell a story. B. To introduce a topic.
C. To raise a question. 7.  The lower leaves have more spines because most animals ______ .A. can get the lower leaves more easily
B. like the lower leaves of plants only
C. prefer the leaves with sharp spines8.  What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about？ ______ A. Some plants protect themselves in a physical way.
B. Some plants have thick and hard leaves to keep animal away.
C. Some plants are good at wearing down animals' teeth.9.  How does a tobacco leaf protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar？ ______ A. By producing sharp and hard spines.
B. By producing a chemical messenger.
C. By producing more and higher roots.10.  What would be the best title for this passage？ ______ A. How Plants Produce Chemicals
B. How Animals Eat Plant Leaves
C. How Plants Protect ThemselvesDThere is no doubt that the hottest topic all over the world recently is connected to an AI chatbot called ChatGPT.From writing Shakespeare-style poetry to making music，ChatGPT has taken the Internet by storm，winning over 100 million users since it came out in November 2022.
Developed by the US company OpenAI，it can translate languages，talk with people and write songs，poems and even jokes.It's one of the most powerful AI of its kind，with the complete writing skills of a real person!People around the world have tried ChatGPT and posted their results on social media.Some used it to write history reports，some asked it to take notes of presentations，and some even used it to generate advice on how to communicate with people at a party.
However，some schools in the US，Australia and France have banned （禁止） the use of ChatGPT.In the US，for example，New York City public schools banned students and teachers from using ChatGPT on the local networks and computers，CNN reported.The reason is that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on homework.Some also worry that ChatGPT could be used to spread improper information. "It does not build critical-thinking（批判性思维） and problem-solving skills，which are necessary for academic （学术的） and lifelong success，" said Jenna Lyle，a secretary of the New York City Department of Education.
In all，it's too soon to say what kind of influence ChatGPT will have on our lives.Let's hope that its effects are mostly positive，if ChatGPT does become bigger and more popular.So what do you think？
（1） ______ appeared in November 2022.
A.The company OpenAI
B.An AI chatbot named ChatGPT
C.Shakespeare-style poetry11.  According to Paragraph 2，what can ChatGPT probably help people do？ ______
a.It can make up jokes.
b.It can post messages on social media.
c.It can produce tools.
d.It can write history reports.A. ab B. bc C. ad12.  What does the underlined word "generate" in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese？ ______ A. 给出 B. 导致 C. 拒绝13.  From Paragraph 3，we can infer that ______ .A. ChatGPT will take the place of most teachers at school
B. students may not do homework independently with ChatGPT
C. more and more countries will ban the use of ChatGP'T14.  What's the main idea of the passage？ ______ A. ChatGPT has a positive influence on our lives.
B. ChatGPT has both advantages and disadvantages.
C. ChatGPT could be used to spread improper information.15.  Nowadays，more and more young people choose traditional exercise ways to keep healthy.Many traditional forms of qigong，such as Baduanjin，Tai Chi，Five-animal Boxing，have drawn much more attention than before.（1） ______ .Recently，an instruction video of Baduanjin，has been played for more than 10 million times and received over 6000 comments （评论） on Bilibili，a video sharing platform.Most of them were from college students and the young people who pay much attention to health care.
Baduanjin is one of the oldest health and fitness forms in China.（2） ______ .The name generally refers to eight movements.Compared with more physically-demanding sports such as the ball games，swimming or gym workouts，（3） ______ ，so it used to be considered as the exclusive （专属） sport for old people.
No equipment（装备） is necessary and it requires very little space or time.It is easy and convenient to take up.（4） ______ .A young netizen （网民） commented below the video， "I have been doing Baduanjin for about four months and it makes me sleep better and get stronger.Thanks to Baduanjin，it has given me a healthier lifestyle.But not all people are suitable for practicing it.Experts say that people should put safety first when doing Baduanji.（5） ______ .
A.Baduanjin is slow and usually along with soft music
B.And the weak patients are not advised to do the exercise
C.Many office workers regard it a perfect way to keep healthy
D.Among them，Baduanjin seems the most popular
E.It was firstly created 800 years ago during the Song Dynasty(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)16.  Did you know that bread is one of the earliest human inventions？
Bread is a food made of flour and water.Other ingredients and shapes can also be found.Scientists have learned that humans have been eating bread in some form or another for 30，000 years.
Archaeologists（考古学家） have discovered pictures of bakeries（面包房） and bread in ancient Egyptian（埃及的） archaeological sites.It is believed that bread bakeries and home-bakers used the same skills.In fact，because they had no potatoes or rice，bread was the most important in the ancient Egyptians' diet.
Egyptians used a grain much similar to wheat for their bread.The grain was broken by hand into flour on stone.The flour was mixed with water and salt.It was placed in a pot and baked in a clay oven.This Egyptian bread was a flatbread.Indian naan，similar to pizza，is a good example of flatbread eaten today.However，around 300 BC，Egyptian bakers added to their bread an important ingredient：yeast （酵母）.It makes bread rise.Most breads today are made using those four basic ingredients：flour，yeast，salt，and water.
Bread production today is more complicated，which needs more time，patience and hard work.Yes，you can still bake your own bread at home with store—bought flour and yeast.You can also buy bread made at small bakeries.But the bread you see in grocery stores is made in large factories.(1) How long have humans had bread according to the passage？
______ (2) Why was bread so important for ancient Egyptians？
______ (3) How did Egyptians break grain in ancient times？
______ (4) When did Egyptian bakers add yeast to their bread？
______ (5) Does the writer think today's bread production becomes easier than before？
______ A teacher decided to let her class play a game.The teacher told each child in the class to bring along a plastic bag with a few potatoes.The teacher said， "Each potato will be （1） ______ a name of a person that you hate.So the number of potatoes that you will put in the plastic bag will （2） ______ the number of people you hate.The more people you hate，the （3） ______ potatoes you will carry."
When the day came，every child brought some potatoes with the names of the people he or she hated.Some had two potatoes and some four while some up to six potatoes.The teacher then told the children to carry the potatoes in the plastic bag with them （4） ______ they go for one week.
As days passed，and the children started to complain because of the （5） ______ smell produced by the rotten （腐烂的） potatoes.Besides，those having six potatoes also had to carry heavy bags.After one week，the game was finally （6） ______ .The teacher asked， "How did you feel while carrying the potatoes with you for one week？" The children started complaining of the trouble that they had to go through carrying the heavy and smelly potatoes （7） ______ .
Then the teacher told them the hidden （8） ______ behind the game.The teacher said， "This is exactly the situation when you carry your hatred （仇恨） for somebody inside your heart.The hatred will be （9） ______ to your heart.If you cannot （10） ______ the smell of the rotten potatoes for one week，can you imagine what it is like to have the hatred in your heart for your lifetime？"17.   A. taken B. given C. brought18.   A. depend on B. agree on C. put on19.   A. fewer B. more C. most20.   A. whenever B. whoever C. wherever21.   A. unpleasant B. joyful C. normal22.   A. out B. over C. off23.   A. everywhere B. nowhere C. somewhere24.   A. method B. mistake C. meaning25.   A. harmful B. useful C. shameful26.   A. refuse B. stand C. tell27.  Shaoshan is（1） ______ small city close to Changsha，Hunan.It is famous（2） ______ the hometown of Mao Zedong，the founding father of People's Republic of China.So far tourism（3） ______ （ become） the leading industry in Shaoshan.It receives（4） ______ （ million） of visitors every year.Among numerous scenic spots，Mao Zedong Boyhood Residence and Mao Zedong Bronze Status Square are much （5） ______ （ busy） than others.
Mao Zedong Boyhood Residence faces north，and the building structure is like a Chinese character "凹".On the east，it belongs（6） ______ Mao's family，while the other side of the house is Mao's neighbor's.The central room is shared by the two families.On December 26，1893，Mao （7） ______ （ bear） in the house.
Mao Zedong Bronze Status Square gets（8） ______ （ it） name because of the Mao Zedong bronze statue in the square.The bronze statue is 10.1 meters in height，which symbolizes the National Day on October 1 as well as the great founder of New China.It took a long time for designers and workers（9） ______ （ complete） the whole bronze.（10） ______ （certain），the statue has reproduced the people's leader Chairman Mao at the founding ceremony of New China.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)28.  The woman in the stamp was Rachel Carson，a great writer as well as an environmentalist.
In 1941，a local press published Carson's first book Under the Sea Wind but it was sold poorly.In 1951，her second book The Sea Around Us came out.（1） It succeeded and was chosen as the best book of the month.
During the early 1950s，DDT （a chemical that kills insects） was widely used by farmers.（2） It made animals who ate the dead insects sick，and some of them even died.Carson was worried，so she did lots of researches and（3） 她发现DDT可能会对人类和环境有害。She tried to tell people the bad effects of overusing the chemicals.（4） Besides，she decided to write her next book to call on more people to notice the situation.
Silent Spring is the first book to spread her ideas on environmental problems into over 500 thousand US homes.（5） 这本书于1962年出版，并很快流行起来。By 1970，even President Nixon had come around her point of view and set up the US Environmental Protection Agency （机构）.
（1） ______
（2） ______
（3） ______
（4） ______
（5） ______ (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)29.  劳动教育是青少年全面发展的重要组成部分。因此，青少年应该主动参加各类劳动，如社区服务、学校劳动和日常家务等。请围绕Labor Activities为主题，写一篇不少于80词的短文。
要求：
1）结合表格内容与自身实际列举你在这三方面参加过的劳动；
2）谈谈参加劳动的收获与感受并发出号召；
3）文中不得出现真实个人信息。
 KindsExamplesFeelings社区服务working in an old people's home/... 学校劳动cleaning the class room/...日常家务...As teenagers，we are supposed to take part in all kinds of labor activities.
答案和解析 1~2.【答案】C、A【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据图片上的六行文字可知，上面提到了六条夏日安全提示。故选C。
（2）根据"Wear life jackets while on a boat"（在船上穿救生衣）可知在船上穿救生衣，故选A。
本文主要介绍了六条夏日安全提示。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
 3~5.【答案】B、C、C【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据"With its arrival，the temperature rises slowly，wild geese move from south to north and trees and grass turn green again."（随着它的到来，气温缓慢上升，大雁从南方迁徙到北方，树木和草地又变绿了。）可知随着雨水的到来，气温缓慢上升，大雁从南方迁徙到北方，故选B。
（2）根据"It is the only solar term which is also a traditional Chinese festival—Qingming Festival.Sweeping tombs and flying kites are common activities during it."（它是唯一的节气，也是中国的传统节日——清明节。扫墓和放风筝是清明节期间常见的活动。）可知人们在清明节扫墓，故选C。
（3）根据"It is the last solar term of spring.With the rain，all the crops are starting to grow.In southern China，people drink tea on this day to prevent bad luck."（它是春天的最后一个节气。由于下雨，所有的庄稼都开始生长了。在中国南方，人们在这一天喝茶以防止厄运。）可知谷雨是春天的最后一个节气，所有的庄稼都开始生长了。故选C。
本文主要介绍了春天的六个节气。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
 6~10.【答案】B、A、A、B、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第1段"Animals can move from place to place，but plants cannot.When an animal is under attack，it can run away or fight back.Plants certainly cannot run away.But plants can protect themselves by using physical or chemical means."（动物可以从一个地方移动到另一个地方，但植物不能。当动物受到攻击时，它可以逃跑或反击。植物当然不会逃跑。但植物可以通过物理或化学手段来保护自己。）以及下文可知作者把植物和动物作比较，是为了引出文章的话题，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第2段"Its lower leaves have more spines than upper leaves.This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach"（它的下叶比上叶有更多的刺。这是因为较低的叶子对大多数动物来说更容易够到。）可知较低的叶子有更多的刺，因为大多数动物可以更容易地够到较低的叶子。故选A。
（3）段落大意题。根据"Some plants have physical ways to keep animals away"（有些植物有物理上的方法来赶走动物。）以及第二段可知，本段主要讲述了有些植物以物理方式保护自己。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据第3段"When a caterpillar （毛虫） bites a tobacco（烟草） leaf，the leaf produces a chemical messenger."（当毛毛虫叮咬烟叶时，烟叶会产生一种化学信号。）可知当毛毛虫叮咬烟叶时，烟叶会产生一种化学信号。故选B。
（5）标题归纳题。根据第1段"But plants can protect themselves by using physical or chemical means."（但植物可以通过物理或化学手段来保护自己。）可知本文主要讲述了植物是如何保护自己的，选项C符合，故选C。
本文主要讲述了植物是如何保护自己的。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
 11~14.【答案】B、C、A、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段"There is no doubt that the hottest topic all over the world recently is connected to an AI chatbot called ChatGPT.From writing Shakespeare-style poetry to making music，ChatGPT has taken the Internet by storm，winning over 100 million users since it came out in November 2022."（毫无疑问，最近世界上最热门的话题与一个名为ChatGPT的人工智能聊天机器人有关。从写莎士比亚风格的诗歌到制作音乐，ChatGPT席卷了互联网，自2022年11月推出以来，它已经赢得了超过1亿的用户。）可知一个名为ChatGPT的人工智能聊天机器人于2022年11月出现。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第2段"Developed by the US company OpenAI，it can translate languages，talk with people and write songs，poems and even jokes."（它由美国公司OpenAI开发，可以翻译语言，与人交谈，写歌，写诗，甚至开玩笑。）以及"Some used it to write history reports，"（一些人用它来写历史报告）可知它能编笑话，写历史报告。故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据"some even used it to  generate advice on how to communicate with people at a party."（一些人甚至用它来提供如何在聚会上与人交流的建议。）可知是指有人甚至用它来为如何在聚会上与人交流提供建议，所以generate表示"给出"。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第3段"However，some schools in the US，Australia and France have banned （禁止） the use of ChatGPT.In the US，for example，New York City public schools banned students and teachers from using ChatGPT on the local networks and computers，CNN reported.The reason is that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on homework. "（然而，美国、澳大利亚和法国的一些学校已经禁止使用ChatGPT。例如，据美国有线电视新闻网报道，在美国，纽约市的公立学校禁止学生和教师在本地网络和电脑上使用聊天语言。原因是该工具可以使学生更容易在家庭作业中作弊。）可知ChatGPT可以让学生更容易在作业中作弊，所以使用ChatGPT，学生不能独立完成作业。故选B。
（5）主旨大意题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了一款聊天机器人，介绍它的优点和缺点。故选B。
本文主要介绍了一款聊天机器人，介绍它的优点和缺点。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
 15.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】E【小题3】A【小题4】C【小题5】B【解析】细节推理题。
（1）根据"Many traditional forms of qigong，such as Baduanjin，Tai Chi，Five-animal Boxing，have drawn much more attention than before. "（许多传统的气功形式，如八段锦、太极拳、五兽拳，比以前更受关注。）可知此处介绍了许多传统的气功形式，如八段锦、太极、五禽拳。选项D"其中，八段锦似乎是最受欢迎的"符合语境，故选D。
（2）根据"Baduanjin is one of the oldest health and fitness forms in China."（八段锦是中国最古老的健身形式之一。）可知八段锦是中国最古老的健康和健身形式之一。选项E"它最早是在800年前的宋朝创造的"符合语境，故选E。
（3）根据"so it used to be considered as the exclusive （专属） sport for old people."（所以它曾经被认为是老年人的专属运动。）可知此处应介绍八段锦的特性，很适合老年人，选项A"八段锦节奏缓慢，通常伴随着轻柔的音乐"符合语境，故选A。
（4）根据"No equipment（装备） is necessary and it requires very little space or time.It is easy and convenient to take up."（不需要任何设备，只需要很少的空间和时间。拿起来既容易又方便。）可知八段锦不需要设备，占用的空间和时间都很小，做起来很方便，选项C"许多上班族认为这是保持健康的最佳方式"符合语境，故选C。
（5）根据"But not all people are suitable for practicing it.Experts say that people should put safety first when doing Baduanji."（但并不是所有的人都适合练习。专家表示，人们在做八段鸡翅时应该把安全放在第一位。）可知并不是所有人都适合练习，人们在做八段锦时应该把安全放在第一位。选项B"身体虚弱的病人不建议做这种运动"符合语境，故选B。
本文主要介绍了中国传统的锻炼方式——八段锦。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。
 16.【答案】【小题1】Humans have had bread for 30，000 years.【小题2】Because they had no potatoes or rice.【小题3】By hand.【小题4】Around 300 BC.【小题5】No.【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第2段"Scientists have learned that humans have been eating bread in some form or another for 30，000 years."（科学家们已经了解到，人类以某种形式吃面包已经有3万年了。）可知人类以某种形式吃面包已有30000年了。故填Humans have had bread for 30，000 years.
（2）根据第3段"In fact，because they had no potatoes or rice，bread was the most important in the ancient Egyptians' diet."（事实上，因为他们没有土豆和大米，面包是古埃及人饮食中最重要的食物。）可知因为古埃及人没有土豆或大米，所以面包在他们的饮食中是最重要的。故填Because they had no potatoes or rice.
（3）根据第4段"The grain was broken by hand into flour on stone. "（谷物是用手在石头上磨成面粉的。）可知埃及人在石头上用手把谷物掰成面粉。故填By hand.（4）根据第4段"However，around 300 BC，Egyptian bakers added to their bread an important ingredient：yeast （酵母）."（然而，大约在公元前300年，埃及的面包师在他们的面包中加入了一种重要的成分：酵母。）可知大约在公元前300年，埃及的面包师在他们的面包中加入了一种重要的成分：酵母。故填Around 300 BC.
（5）根据第5段"Bread production today is more complicated，which needs more time，patience and hard work."（今天的面包制作更加复杂，需要更多的时间、耐心和努力。）可知今天的面包生产更加复杂，需要更多的时间、耐心和努力。故填No.
本文主要介绍了面包的发展历程。
这是个任务型阅读题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案。
 17~26.【答案】B、A、B、C、A、B、A、C、A、B【解析】（1）考查动词。句意：每个土豆会被赋予一个你讨厌的人的名字。taken拿走；given给，赋予；brought带来。根据"Each potato will be...a name of a person that you hate."（每个土豆会被...一个你讨厌的人的名字。）可知是指给每一个土豆赋予一个你讨厌的人的名字。故选B。
（2）考查短语。句意：所以你放入塑料袋的土豆数量取决于你讨厌的人的数量。depend on取决于；agree on达成一致；put on穿上。根据上文"Each potato will be...a name of a person that you hate."（每个土豆会被赋予一个你讨厌的人的名字。）可知土豆数量取决于你讨厌的人的数量。故选A。
（3）考查形容词。句意：你恨的人越多，你携带的土豆就越多。fewer更少；more更多；most最。此处是"the+比较级，the+比较级"的结构，故选B。
（4）考查副词。句意：然后老师让孩子们在一个星期内随身携带塑料袋里的土豆。whenever无论何时；whoever无论是谁；wherever无论在哪。根据"carry the potatoes in the plastic bag with them...they go for one week."（然后老师让孩子们在一个星期内随身携带塑料袋里的土豆。）可知老师让孩子们无论去哪里都要带着塑料袋里的土豆。故选C。
（5）考查形容词。句意：日子一天天过去，孩子们开始抱怨，因为腐烂的土豆散发出难闻的气味。unpleasant不愉快的；joyful快乐的；normal正常的。根据"complain"（抱怨）可知抱怨腐烂的土豆散发出难闻的气味。故选A。
（6）考查副词。句意：一周后，游戏终于结束了。out出来；over结束；off离开。根据上文"carry the potatoes in the plastic bag with them...they go for one week."（然后老师让孩子们在一个星期内随身携带塑料袋里的土豆。）结合下句老师说的话可知游戏终于结束了，故选B。
（7）考查代词。句意：孩子们开始抱怨到哪里都要背着又重又臭的土豆，真是太麻烦了。everywhere每一处；nowhere没有地方；somewhere某地。根据"How did you feel while carrying the potatoes with you for one week"（你带着土豆过了一个星期，感觉怎么样？）可知在这一周内孩子们都随身携带土豆，也就是去每一处都带着土豆，故选A。
（8）考查名词。句意：然后老师告诉他们游戏背后的隐藏意义。method方法；mistake错误；meaning意义。根据"This is exactly the situation when you carry your hatred （仇恨） for somebody inside your heart."（这就是你对某人怀恨在心的情况。）可知老师开始解释这样做背后有什么意义，故选C。
（9）考查形容词。句意：仇恨会伤害你的心。harmful有害的；useful有用的；shameful羞愧的。根据"The hatred will be...to your heart."（仇恨会...你的心。）可知仇恨会伤害人的心，故选A。
（10）考查动词。句意：如果你一个星期都不能忍受烂土豆的味道，你能想象一辈子心中都充满仇恨是什么滋味吗？refuse拒绝；stand容忍；tell告诉。根据"the smell of the rotten potatoes for one week"（烂土豆的味道一周）结合上文孩子们的抱怨可知，他们不能忍受土豆腐烂的味道，故选B。
本文通过老师让学生把土豆当作自己讨厌的人，讨厌几个人就带几个土豆，让学生把这些土豆随身携带一周，让学生感受这些土豆带来的麻烦，从而告诉学生：心中不要有仇恨，它会伤害他们的心灵。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
 27.【答案】【小题1】a【小题2】as【小题3】has become【小题4】millions【小题5】busier【小题6】to【小题7】was born【小题8】its【小题9】to complete【小题10】Certainly【解析】（1）考查冠词。句意：韶山是靠近湖南长沙的一个小城市。根据句中"city"是可数名词单数形式，前面谓语动词是"is"，可知此空需填冠词，又因为"small"是辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
（2）考查介词。句意：它作为中华人民共和国开国元勋毛泽东的故乡而名闻天下。根据句意，可知这里要表达"作为……而闻名"的意思，介词用as，即"be famous as"，故填as。
（3）考查动词。句意：到目前为止，旅游业已成为韶山的主导产业。根据句首的"So far"，可知本句时态需使用现在完成时，谓语动词用"have/has+done"的形式，因为主语是"tourism"，为不可数名词，故填has become。
（4）考查数词。句意：它每年接待数百万游客。根据下文的"visitors"，可知这里要表达"数百万"的意思，需使用其复数形式，故填millions。
（5）考查形容词。句意：在众多的景点中，毛泽东故居和毛泽东铜像广场比其他景点繁忙得多。根据下文的"than"，可知形容词busy需要使用比较级形式，故填busier。
（6）考查介词。句意：东边是属于毛家的，而房子的另一边是毛家邻居的。根据句意可知，这里要表达"属于……"的意思，应用动词短语"belong to"，介词用to，故填to。
（7）考查动词。句意：1893年12月26日，毛主席在这所房子里出生。bear作动词有"生育、生孩子"之意，根据句意，可知这里需要表被动关系，谓语动词要用"be+done"的形式，因为主语是"Mao"且事件发生在过去，故填was born。
（8）考查代词。句意：毛泽东铜像广场因广场上的毛泽东铜像而得名。根据对词性分析可知，"name"是名词，"it"是人称代词，名词前面需使用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
（9）考查动词。句意：设计师和工人花了很长时间才完成整件青铜作品。根据"take…to do"，可知后接不定式，故填to complete。
（10）考查副词。句意：当然，这尊雕像再现了新中国成立典礼上的人民领袖毛主席。根据此空放在句首，可知需要使用副词，表示强调，首字母需大写，故填Certainly。
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了毛主席的故乡韶山、故居和其铜像的由来。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
 28.【答案】【小题1】它很成功，并被评选为当月最佳书籍。【小题2】它能让吃了死昆虫（尸体）的动物生病。【小题3】she found DDT would be harmful to humans and the environment.【小题4】此外，她决定写她的下一本书，呼吁更多的人注意到这种情况。【小题5】The book came out in 1962 and soon became popular.【解析】（1）英译汉题。It succeeded"它很成功"；and"并且"；was chosen as"被选为"；the best book of the month"当月最佳书籍"。故填：它很成功，并被评选为当月最佳书籍。
（2）英译汉题。It"它"；made"使得"；animals"动物"；who引导定语从句；ate the dead insects"吃了死昆虫（尸体）"；sick"生病"。故填：它能让吃了死昆虫（尸体）的动物生病。
（3）汉译英题。she"她"；find"发现"；will"将会"；be harmful to"对……有害"；humans and the environment"人类和环境"。根据前句可知本句是一般过去时。故填she found DDT would be harmful to humans and the environment.
（4）英译汉题。Besides"此外"；she decided to write her next book"她决定写她的下一本书"；to call on more people"呼吁更多的人"；to notice the situation"注意到这种情况"。故填：此外，她决定写她的下一本书，呼吁更多的人注意到这种情况。
（5）汉译英题。the book"这本书"；come out"出版"；in 1962"于1962年"；and"并且"；soon"很快"；become popular"流行起来"。本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填The book came out in 1962 and soon became popular.
本文是一篇记叙文，叙述了雷切尔•卡森，一位伟大的作家和环保主义者以及她作品带来的意义。
在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，正确翻译句子。
 29.【答案】    As teenagers，we are supposed to take part in all kinds of labor activities.Labor education is very important for our young people.
   I often take part in community service.When I am free，I go to the old people's home to help them wash clothes.【高分句型一】（社区服务）At school，I often help clean the classroom and throw rubbish away.（学校劳动）At home，I often help my parents with housework.For example，I make my bed and sweep the floor every Sunday.After dinner，I wash the dishes.（日常家务）
   I like to do labor activities.I think it can improve my life skills and reduce the burden on my parents.【高分句型二】Doing labor activities makes me more independent.And it makes me a person full of responsibility.（我的感受）Do you want to be like me？Take action now!【解析】【高分句型一】
When I am free，I go to the old people's home to help them wash clothes.当我有空的时候，我去老人的家里帮他们洗衣服。when引导的时间状语从句。
【高分句型二】
I think it can improve my life skills and reduce the burden on my parents.我认为它可以提高我的生活技能，减轻父母的负担。I think+宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。