2021北京西城初三一模英语（教师版）

2021北京西城初三一模

英    语

2021.4

知识运用（共14 分）

一、单项填空（共6 分，每小题0.5 分）

从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. We all like the book Lonely Planet. It tells ______ a lot about the world.

A. us         B. him         C. her            D. them

2. My home is ______ my school. It is only five minutes’ walk.

A. for        B. on          C. near           D. at

3. Susan is ill, ______ she is not at school today.

A. though     B. but         C. or             D. so

4. —Mom, it is really hot today. May I have some ice-cream?

—Of course you ______.

A. should     B. must        C. need           D. can

5. —______ did you visit the National Museum last time?

—About a year ago.

A. How      B. Why         C. When         D. Where

6. The mind exercise is as ______ as body exercise.

A. important                 B. more important

C. most important             D. the most important

7. The students ______ on the playground when it began to rain.

A. run       B. are running    C. were running    D. will run

8. —Jack, would you like something to eat?

—No, thank you. I ______ a big meal.

A. have      B. have had      C. was having      D. had

9. There is a new park next to my home. I ______ a walk there every day.

A. took      B. take          C. was taking       D. have taken

10. When Helen Keller was 7, she ______ to learn to read by using her fingers.

A. starts     B. started         C. will start        D. has started

11. It is said that a starship ______ to Mars around 2030.

A. sends     B. will send       C. is sent          D. will be sent

12. —Do you know ______?

—She lost her passport yesterday.

A. why does Lisa miss the flight   B. why did Lisa miss the flight

C. why Lisa misses the flight     D. why Lisa missed the flight

二、完形填空（共8 分，每小题1 分）

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

Vertical Gardens

Henrietta did not have a big yard. She only had a small deck (平台) overlooking a tiny piece of grass. It was not enough yard for her dog to play on. She__13__ a garden really bad, but did not have space. What could she do?

For a while, she just kept a few plants in pots on the deck. They took up space and there was hardly any space for her table and chairs. So, she made some flower boxes with rope to put plants in. She __14__ one on her window and put two more on the bars, which were great for flowers. This helped for a time, but she still longed for more.

She __15__ got an idea: if she couldn’t build out, why not build up? She had heard of vertical gardening from a friend. She had wooden fences (栅栏) all around her little piece of grass, so if she could fix some pots to the fence, she could __16__ up into that space, and her dog could still play.

She went to the building store and got some supplies. It was __17__ to find pots that would fit what she had in mind. So she looked around to find something else for her vertical garden. Then she had an idea with rain gutters (排水槽). Rain gutters could hold water, so why not plants? She decided to __18__ them.

Back at home, she fixed the boards to her fence for supporting the gutters. She put caps on the end and extra supports in the middle. Then she filled them with potting soil and planted three long rows of __19__ .

A few days later, there were new leaves. Weeks later, she was harvesting vegetables to eat. She went all out then, lining all three walls of her fence with more long rain gutter planters. She had made her vertical garden！Best of all, her dog, Skippy, still had __20__ to run and play.

13. A. wanted     B. hated      C. missed     D. treated

14. A. hid        B. opened     C. hung      D. carried

15. A. almost     B. seldom     C. finally     D. hardly

16. A. move      B. look       C. climb      D. garden

17. A. quick      B. hard       C. fun        D. convenient

18. A. try        B. sell        C. cover      D. repair

19. A. grass      B. trees       C. flowers     D. vegetables

20. A. time       B. room      C. energy      D. interest

阅读理解（共36 分）

三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共26 分，每小题2 分）

A

Best Gifts for Your Teen Friends

Shopping for your teen friends’ birthday gifts can be difficult. Each year, we pay close attention to the newest gifts hitting the market. Below, we’ve created such a list, choosing some of the hottest items on store shelves right now.

21. Which gift encourages teamwork?

A. The Mind Card Game.              B. Harry Potter Paperback Box Set.

C. Color-changing Lamp Speaker.       D. Bluetooth Wireless Smart Beanie.

22. How much should you pay for a color-changing lamp speaker?

A. $80.00.         B. $36.00.         C. $20.00.         D. $15.00.

23. The Bluetooth Wireless Smart Beanie ______.

A. comes with all seven books

B. can run for five hours in winter

C. can change color and help one sleep

D. follows the number one rule “No talking!”

B

Field Day

“It’s time for Field Day again,” thought Carly as she started the last week of school.

Carly was not looking forward to it. “Why does everybody make a big deal out of it?” Carly asked her mom. “Well, it’s supposed to be a fun day and a day to let yourself go,” said Carly’s mom. “I’m not good at any of those games that are played, and I’m afraid the kids are going to laugh at me. Maybe I can stay home and miss Field Day,” said Carly.

Mary was Carly’s closest friend, and they walked to school every day. “Aren’t you excited about Field Day?” Mary asked Carly. “No, I don’t care about such a silly day. No one ever picks me for their team because I’m not good at those games,” answered Carly.

Mary felt bad and she told her mom how unexcited Carly was and wondered what she could do to cheer her friend up. “See if you can get in a game that you know Carly is good at,” suggested Mary’s mom. Mary thought for a moment and said that she knew Carly loved to play horseshoes, and was really good at that game. She was also good at the water balloon toss (投掷) too.

Field Day finally arrived. Mary came by Carly’s house for their daily walk to school. Carly was very quiet on the way to school. “I hear they are going to have horseshoes this year and also a water balloon game,” Mary said. “Really? I love horseshoes, and I am pretty good at catching those water balloons,” said Carly. Suddenly, Carly felt more excited about going to school and starting Field Day than she had ever been.

The games began, and Carly had the best Field Day ever! Her team won first place in the water balloon toss thanks to her, and she got a ribbon (绶带) for second place in horseshoes. “What a great day!” Carly said to Mary. Carly is now looking forward to Field Day next year!

24. Carly wasn’t looking forward to Field Day at first because ______.

A. she didn’t have friends to go with her

B. her friend Mary wasn’t excited about it

C. her mom told her that it wasn’t fun at all

D. she wasn’t good at those games that were played

25. In the story, Mary ______.

A. tried hard to cheer Carly up

B. won first place this Field Day

C. taught Carly how to play horseshoes

D. stayed at home and missed this Field Day

26. Carly will probably ______ next Field Day.

A. invite her family to join her        B. make a completely new rule

C. take an active part in the games     D. plan the whole event for her school

C

Imagine that your friend is cutting the cake to share with all the guests at the birthday party. The first three guests are handed large pieces of cake, while you are handed a teeny-tiny one. How would you feel? Is this fair? Most of us have a clear sense of what is fair and what is not, but where does this come from? Scientists try to study fairness in primate species (灵长类物种) to understand how fairness came about.

Fairness often involves equal outcomes (平等的结果)

Do monkeys behave in ways that lead to equal outcomes? To find out, scientists give monkeys choices about how to share food. Scientists ask a monkey to choose between two options—to provide a piece of food just for themselves, or to provide food for another monkey nearby, as well as for themselves (Figure 1). If monkeys are trying to achieve equal outcomes, they would give food to both themselves and another. Do they? Sometimes.

（Figure 1）

Whether monkeys favor equal outcomes seems to depend on the species. The species which live in groups will prefer equal outcomes, but not all the time.

What else might be influencing whether monkeys create equal outcomes? If the two monkeys are friends, one is more likely to share food with the other. It also seems that monkeys would make the equal choice when they cannot see the actual food—some scientists use pictures of food.

But wait, does effort matter?

Scientists have developed a way to test whether monkeys prefer everyone to be paid equally for doing the same work. In this study, monkeys are trained to work for food by exchanging small coins with a scientist. To determine if and how monkeys respond to unfairness, scientists have two monkeys take turns exchanging coins and give them different food—their favorite food or a less-preferred food (Figure2). If the monkey getting the less-preferred food refuses to keep exchanging coins, scientists conclude the monkeys respond to unfairness.

（Figure 2）

The results of the study have suggested differences across monkey species. Generally, monkeys living in groups do not respond to unfairness, while other monkeys do respond to it. However, monkeys do not appear to mind if they get a better food than others.

All in all, monkeys’ sense of fairness does not seem to be as well-developed as our own. By studying their preferences for fairness and responses to unfair situations, we can learn more about how these values developed in humans. And this also helps us to better understand the natural world and how to care for animals as well.

27. In the first monkey study, ______.

A. scientists use more pictures of food than actual food

B. scientists let monkeys choose from a variety of foods

C. the left monkey will get no food if it provides food for another

D. the left monkey can choose between two ways of providing food

28. What can we learn from these monkey studies?

A. Monkeys living in groups value effort more.

B. Monkeys of different species enjoy different work.

C. Not all monkeys stop working when treated unfairly.

D. Monkeys seem to mind if the neighbor gets less food.

29. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Do Monkeys Care What Is Fair?

B. Can Equal Outcomes Bring Fairness?

C. Why Do Monkeys Value Fairness and Effort?

D. How Do Monkeys Develop a Sense of Fairness?

D

We’ve all experienced failure. Whether we like it or not, failure is part of life. How people respond to it is of great importance both to their decisions and achievements.

Some are likely to have such expectations: “If I should reach that goal, how happy would I feel?” In a recent study, we wanted to understand how such expectations may change in the face of failure. Are people able to predict their own happiness?

The old saying “the grass is always greener on the other side” suggests that people spend much of their time longing for things they can’t have. In other words, the harder it is to achieve, the higher the valuation. But is this a good model for how ordinary people process failure? According to the story The Fox and the Grapes, failure often leads us to drop our initial (最初的) plan. In the story, the fox jumps with all his strength, yet he fails to reach the grapes. Finally, he walks away, concluding that the grapes were sour (酸的) anyway.

So, which is it: greener grass or sour grapes? We did an experiment to determine how people react to failure.

In the study, about 1,200 participants (参加者) received either good or poor feedback (反馈) on the practice trial of a test. Half of them were told that they had performed in the bottom 20 percent, while the other half, in the top 20 percent. They were then asked to predict how they would feel if they earned a high score on the actual test.

The research results showed that those who received poor feedback on the practice trial predicted that they would feel less happiness and less pride, compared to those who received strong feedback. However, when they received a top score on the actual test later, they were just as happy as the other half, and much happier than they had predicted before. This suggests that the initial failure made people undervalue how good it would feel to succeed in the future.

The question though, is why failure makes us downplay our future happiness.

According to Professor Jon Elster, people don’t always know what they want, and often change their wishes to match what appears within reach. When the outcome doesn’t fit the one they have of themselves, they protect themselves by devaluing the goal—rather than devaluing self. In other words, when personal failure happens, one way of protecting our positive (积极的) sense of self is to refuse to accept the emotional importance of future achievements.

Detachment (超脱) from personal goals can be useful, if it helps people redirect their attention from the impossible to better and more achievable goals. However, if the sour-grape effect kicks in too early and people become fearful of failure, they could miss out on the chance to try again and realize that what once seemed impossible is now within reach.

30. What does the story The Fox and the Grapes suggest?

A. The outcome valuation depends on what goal is set.

B. Difficulties result in a higher achievement expectation.

C. Past performance doesn’t help predict future happiness.

D. Initial failure makes future success appear less attractive.

31. The word “downplay” in Paragraph 6 probably means “______”.

A. undervalue     B. better understand     C. destroy     D. discover

32. What do we know from the passage?

A. The participants cared more about strong feedback.

B. The happier people are those who predict less happiness.

C. The participants’ performance failed to match their abilities.

D. People devalue the goal to keep a positive view of themselves.

33. What is the writer trying to tell us?

A. Failure is the mother of success.

B. Detachment stops people from changing wishes.

C. The seemingly impossible is worth trying sometimes.

D. The sour-grape effect pushes us to keep moving forward.

四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10 分，每小题2 分）

When it comes to celebrations, birthday parties can be one of the important of the whole year. The gifts, the singing, the candle-blowing... Basically, they’re all the best things thrown together into one day. But birthdays aren’t always a fun for everyone. For example, homeless children might not get anything at all for their special day. That’s why 17-year-old Daryn Dusansky decided to start The Balloon Project. It celebrates monthly birthdays for children living in homeless shelters (收容所) with the help of some volunteers. Dusansky’s dream: to bring smiles to all kids’ faces on their birthdays.

As teenagers, they met many challenges at the beginning. One of the biggest was to make others believe that The Balloon Project was dependable and there would be a party each month. Each party is not easy as there are many things that have to be managed. Luckily, The Balloon Project volunteers want each party to be better than the last and can be counted on to make that happen.

Getting The Balloon Project off the ground required many leadership qualities (品质) which Dusansky did not know she owned. Working hard, focusing on solutions, and connecting with people are all necessary qualities that have made The Balloon Project a success.

Offering services to those in need and creating a positive influence are important in being an active member of a community. Community service teaches life lessons often not taught in school. At one party, a little boy and his father came up to thank her for holding the boy’s first organized birthday party. Dusansky then thanked them for teaching her something, too. The father, who lived in a shelter with his son, looked at her, puzzled, as if he was not worthy of teaching her anything. Dusansky explained to him that he had taught her to have the courage to ask for help when needed. She will never forget his hug.

Find a cause that interests you. Dusansky loves birthday celebrations and wants disadvantaged children to have the opportunity to celebrate, too. Love is passed on easily—it encourages people to help and volunteer.

34. How old was Dusansky when she decided to start The Balloon Project?

35. Who does The Balloon Project help?

36. What was one of the biggest challenges in running The Balloon Project?

37. What did Dusansky learn from the father?

38. What do you think of Dusansky?

书面表达（共10分）

五、文段表达 (10 分)

39. 从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于 50 词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。

题目①

假如你是李华，下周你们学校将组织全体同学进行体检，请写一封英文邮件通知你们班交换生Chris，告诉他体检当天集合的时间、地点以及需要提前做的准备。

提示词语：health check-up, sleep, meal, proper clothes

提示问题：● When and where are you going to meet?

● What should Chris do to get prepared?

Dear Chris,

I’m writing to tell you something about the coming health check-up.__________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions or concerns.

Yours,

Li Hua

题目②

但求耕耘，不问收获。在我们的学习和生活中，能够全身心地投入到一件事情中去，享受做事情的过程，何尝不是一种幸福！

某英文网站正在开展以“全身心投入 (Devotion)”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈自己全身心投入做某事的经历，以及自己的感受。

提示词语：effort, improve, form a good habit, proud

提示问题: ● What did you devote yourself to?

● How did you do it?

● What have you learnt from the experience?

2021北京西城初三一模英语

参考答案

知识运用

一、单项填空

1. A 2. C  3. D 4. D 

5. C 6. A  7. C 8. B 

9. B 10. B  11. D 12. D

二、完形填空

13. A 14. C 15. C 16. D 

17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B

阅读理解

三、阅读短文，选择最佳选项。

21. A 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. A 

26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D

31. A 32. D 33. C 

四、阅读短文，回答问题。

34. 17.

35. Children living in homeless shelters.

36. To make others trust them.

37. She learnt to have the courage to ask for help when needed.

38. I think she is a caring girl with superior ability.

书面表达

五、文段表达

题目①

Possible version

Dear Peter,

I’m writing to tell you something about the coming health check-up. We are going to meet at the school gate at 7:30 next Monday morning and then set off for the hospital on the school bus.

Here are some tips to help you prepare. First, get enough sleep. Lack of sleep may cause inaccurate results during the tests, so remember to go to bed early on Sunday night. Second, don’t eat or drink too much. You’d better maintain a healthy diet for at least three days before the check-up. Finally, wear proper clothes, which will save you trouble during the examination.

Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions or concerns. 

Yours,

Li Hua

题目②

Possible version

Five years ago, I started to devote myself to painting, which turned out to be one of the most important experiences in my life. 

One day, after school, I saw some of my schoolmates painting in the art room.  The colorful dots and lines caught my attention immediately. I was so drawn to the beauty in front of me, that I joined the Painting Club without hesitation. After that, no matter how bad the weather was, or how much homework I still had, I was on time to each art lesson and finished each painting attentively. 

By doing this, I developed incredible focus and decided that I wanted to completely devote myself to painting. Not only did I win countless awards, but my painting journey helped me grow into a better person.