2022北京西城初三（上）期末英语（教师版）

这是一份2022北京西城初三（上）期末英语（教师版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5 分，共 6 分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022北京西城初三（上）期末
英 语
2022.1
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共 11 页，共两部分，共 39 题，满分 60 分。考试时间 90 分钟。
2. 在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校、班级、姓名和学号。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上，选择题用 2B 铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束，请将考试材料一并交回。
第一部分
本部分共 33 题，共 40 分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空（每题 0.5 分，共 6 分）
从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. All my teachers are patient when I ask ______ for help.
A. him B. us C. them D. you
2. Peter usually plays the guitar in a music club ______ Saturday afternoon.
A. of B. in C. at D. on
3. —What’s your favorite saying?
—Smile at the world, ______ the world will smile back at you.
A. and B. but C. until D. if
4. —______ do you often take a walk?
—In Beihai Park.
A. Why B. Where C. How D. When
5. My sister ______ swim, so I plan to teach her this summer.
A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
6. Nothing is ______ than a walk in the forest.
A. relaxing B. more relaxing C. most relaxing D. the most relaxing
7. We ______ healthier if we eat enough fruit and vegetables every day.
A. will get B. were getting C. got D. have got
8. The famous French writer Charles Perrault ______ to write his fairy tales in 1679.
A. begins B. began C. has begun D. is beginning
9. Our school life ______ a lot since we entered middle school.
A. changes B. changed C. will change D. has changed
10. I ______ a sweet dream when my friend called me this morning.
A. have B. had C. was having D. am having
11. The 24th Winter Olympic Games ______ in Beijing in February, 2022.
A. hold B. are held C. will hold D. will be held
12. —Judy, can you tell me ______ this grammar book? It’s so useful.
—Sure I bought it at Xinhua Bookstore.
A. where did you buy B. where will you buy C. where you bought D. where you will buy
二、完形填空（每题 1 分，共 8 分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Symbol for Happiness

“We should carry a symbol that reminds us of a happy moment. Whenever we look at it, we should stop for a while and think about what it stands for.” I was enjoying the words in the book when my wife called me to help our neighbor, Mrs. Fitzpatrick.
I opened the front door and saw Mrs. Fitzpatrick sitting on her porch, ___13___ her lawn (草坪).
“Ah Tom! Good to see you!” she waved at me and smiled dandelion happily. “Here, come sit with me for a while. It’s a beautiful morning!”
“Err, yes, it sure is,” I said. I hadn’t expected her to be this ___14___ with a broken leg and all.
“Look at my lawn! Isn’t it just beautiful?” she said.
“Beautiful...?” I looked around. Weeds (杂草), dandelions...
“Look at those dandelions. What a perfect symbol for happiness!”
“I’m not sure I follow you. A dandelion as a symbol for happiness?”
“Look at that bright beautiful yellow color! If that isn’t a happy cheerful color, I don’t know what is! And it ___15___ just like happiness. If you are really happy, you do good things that bring joy to the people around you. Once they become happy, they do the same. So the ___16___ spreads. And just like a dandelion—it blooms (开花), sharing its sunny color with everyone and sends its seeds (种子) into the wind. Before you know it, you have a hundred ___17___ of the sunny little flower around you.” “But it is a weed...” I said.
“A weed, that’s funny. I’m always watching everyone work on their garden. And I mean work. It doesn’t look very joyful—just working to make the lawn look short and thick and green. I never see any of the neighbors sit and just look at their beautiful lawn. They just work on it and don’t ___18___ it.”
Well she sure got that one right. I never heard anyone talk about their lawn unless it was to complain how much work it was.
And then she said the thing I wrote down once I got home. I still write it on the first page of all my calendars when the new year ___19___, and glue a little picture of a dandelion next to it.
“What a bad day, they say. And I look at the dandelions and see a thousand little ___20___.”
13. A. watching B. cutting C. growing D. picturing
14. A. brave B. calm C. helpful D. cheerful
15. A. smells B. spreads C. leaves D. drops
16. A. happiness B. pride C. value D. choice
17. A. kinds B. symbols C. copies D. signs
18. A. miss B. share C. want D. enjoy
19. A. continues B. passes C. ends D. begins
20. A. planets B. suns C. beans D. plants
三、阅读理解（每题 2 分，共 26 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
A
Volunteering can be a wonderful experience. You can help out at an organization, and it can benefit you too. We hope you’ll feel more interested in volunteering yourself after reading these stories.

I began volunteering with Berkeley Animal Shelter at age 12. I helped get cats adopted(收养), cleaned up after them, fed them, and gave them love and attention. I really feel like I’ve made a difference. There’s nothing like watching a cat go out the door with a happy new pet parent.
Elliott

Elle
I volunteered for the Native Plant Society at age 14. I helped save the local plants. Instead of just “being passionate(热情的)”, I actively worked on making it happen. Volunteering made me a better person. I realized I could do more than I thought.

Kenny
When I was 15 years old, I volunteered on Earth Day by helping clean up a local beach. We really don’t realize how much rubbish is produced every day. Volunteering on the beach taught me that it was important to keep our beaches clean and helped me learn about different sea animals.

Laura
My dad asked me to volunteer at our local Meals on Wheels when I was 13 years old. We volunteered every Saturday morning by sending hot meals to some old people in our town. They were unable to make their own food. This experience made me think a lot more about other people and their needs.

21. How old was Elliott when he began volunteering with Berkeley Animal Shelter?
A 12. B. 13. C. 14. D. 15.
22. Who volunteered for the Native Plant Society?
A. Elliott. B. Elle. C. Kenny. D. Laura.
23. What did Laura learn from her volunteer experience?
A. She would help clean up the beach.
B. She could do more than she thought.
C. She must help more cats find pet parents.
D. She should think more about people in need.
B
William had his nose pressed against the window and waited for his adopted puppy to arrive. A car pulled into the driveway, and he ran to the front door. William looked at the puppy’s little brown face and immediately fell in love with her. Dad put the puppy down, and she ran to William, giving him some kisses. “Her name is Buttercup,” Dad said. William looked at the puppy. “Buttercup. I like it.” After about an hour, the puppy fell asleep. William went to his room and played on his own, but he quickly got bored. He went to the living room and asked his Mum and Dad, “Can we go to the park?”
Mom shook her head. “Sorry, sweetie, but we need to stay at home and help Buttercup get used to her new environment.”
“Why don’t you play with her?” Dad asked.
William played with Buttercup until she fell asleep again. “Can we go to the park now? She’s sleeping.”
“William, a puppy is a big responsibility,” Dad said. “You said you were ready for this, and that means you have to help us look after her and train her.”
William went to his room again. Everyone was excited: all they wanted to do was play with the puppy or watch her sleep. William was bored.
Dad walked into William’s room. “You know how you like to play catch with Uncle Mike’s dog?”

“Yeah?”
“Why don’t you try playing with Buttercup?” “She’s too little,” William said.
“Not with this ball.” Dad held up a soft fuzzy ball.
William nodded. He rolled the ball to her, and she held it with her paws. “Good girl,” William said. They played for hours, and by the time Buttercup fell asleep on the floor, William was curled up (蜷曲地) next to her, sleeping too.
24. When the puppy arrived, William felt ______.
A. tired B. proud C. excited D. bored
25. What did William do after the puppy got to his home?
A. He ran with the puppy in the park. B. He happily watched the puppy sleep.
C. He gave the puppy a name Buttercup. D. He tried to train the puppy to play catch.
26. What did William’s parents want him to learn?
A. How to be responsible. B. How to stop being bored.
C. How to be kind to animals. D. How to correct his own mistakes.
C

Some animals are “shapeshifting”. This means they are feather changing how their bodies work. Scientists have found that birds’ beaks are larger because of the changing climate (气候). Today, the global climate is rapidly warming.
Scientists found warm-blooded animals can keep their body temperature constant (恒定). They are adapting to a hotter climate. To adapt means to change. Adaptations help animals stay alive in their environment.
How Animals Cool Off
Animals have to control their body temperature. If they do not, they can overheat. So animals have different methods to help them cool off. Birds, for example, use their beaks, which are not covered by feathers. They help birds reduce body heat. Mammals (哺乳动物), which breathe air, have backbones, grow hair and produce milk, use similar methods. They use their ears, tails and legs to help them control body temperature.
Scientists have studied this in the past years. They have studied animals in warmer climates. They know that some of these animals have evolved (进化) certain features. These features allow animals to reduce body heat more easily. They are becoming more obvious as the climate warms. This is particularly true in birds.
1
Sara Ryding works at Deakin University in Australia and studies birds. “Shapeshifting does not mean that animals are dealing successfully with climate change and that all is fine,” Ryding said. “It just means they are evolving to stay alive.” The study found that birds are changing the most. For example, several types of Australian parrots showed changes. Their beak size has increased since 1871. Their beaks are now 4% to 10% larger. And that growth matches the summer temperature each year. Scientists have also reported changes in other animals. Tail lengths have increased in wood mice. Bats in warm climates have increased wing size, too. These changes might seem small, but Ryding says that could change as the planet becomes hotter.
Ryding wants to keep studying “shapeshifting”. She will 3D scan museum bird samples (样品) from the past 100 years. She will see which birds are changing the size of their beaks because of climate change by studying digital copies of bird samples. Ryding thinks the climate change that we have created is putting pressure (压力) on animals, so humans should do more than just recognize the changes that animals have to make. She says that some animals will adapt. However, others will not.
27. In “shapeshifting”, ______.
A. birds breathe air and change backbones
B. bird samples are made into digital copies
C. birds use their feathers to easily reduce body heat
D. birds’ beaks grow larger because of climate change
28. Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 5 and 6?
A. What Animals Look Like B. All Is Not Well
C Though Life Is Challenging D. It Is Worth A Try
29. According to the last paragraph, Ryding probably agrees that ______.
A. animals are suffering from human behavior
B. technology won’t end animal “shapeshifting”
C. humans haven’t realized animal “shapeshifting” yet
D. it is natural for animals to experience climate change
D
How GPS Weakens Memory — and What We Can Do about It

Using mobile phones to navigate (导航) has become second nature. Whether you’re heading to a new park or meeting friends at a restaurant, you just enter the address on your phone and go. Without GPS, exploring (探索) and wayfinding in new places required preparation. We had to think, check paper maps, and plan and memorize ways there. But today there is no need to think. Simply follow the turn-by-turn directions on your phone, and you’ll end up where you need to be. However, your overall sense of the place suffers. Spatial (空间的) navigation used to be a process performed by the human brain and perceptual system, but now people have surrendered it to technology.
There are areas of the brain that deal with these difficult pathfinding tasks. In particular, the hippocampus is related to spatial memory, spatial navigation and mental (在脑中的) mapping. Studies show that we can exercise the hippocampus memory through exploration and spatial navigation. For example, expert navigators like London taxi drivers have larger hippocampi compared to other people.
However, when we follow a set of turn-by-turn directions, GPS navigation apps treat us as passive passengers rather than active explorers. In turn, this stops us from being able to create proper mental maps, and has an effect on the hippocampus, which is very important for brain health.
While improvements in technology clearly have many benefits, we must remain mindful that technology can influence the brain. Our question is: Can we find a way to still use GPS but reduce the harmful effects on memory?
The challenge is to create other forms of GPS navigation that will remain easy enough for the general public, and at the same time, enable people to improve their spatial sense. Our research finds that properly designed audio beacons (音频信标) offer a much more active form of GPS navigation. For example, with an audio beacon at a hospital, when we are two miles away from the hospital, we can hear a sound through our phone. In recent experiments, we discover that this type of sensory navigation through audio beacons does better than turn-by-turn navigation in the creation of mental maps. We believe these results, at least in part, come from people taking a more active role in their navigation.
GPS navigation using audio beacons offers a good example that helps humans connect more deeply with reality; perhaps instead of turning into mindless robots, we will be able to become more deeply involved with humanity, our local environment, and life itself.
30. GPS weakens people’s memory because it ______.
A. records the places people have been to
B. offers people more than one way to a place
C. takes the place of thinking process in wayfinding
D. fails to teach people how to prepare for exploring
31. The words “have surrendered it to” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______.
A. have compared it to B. have given it up to
C. have learned it from D. have taken it away from
32. London taxi drivers are mentioned in Paragraph 2 to show that ______.
A. GPS is not widely used in London
B. the hippocampus memory can be exercised
C. hard-working drivers have larger hippocampi
D. active explorers are better than passive passengers
33. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Turn-by-turn GPS navigation helps create mental maps.
B Audio beacons technology will be replaced in the future.
C. Users’ active role should be considered in navigation technology.
D. GPS navigation apps have come a long way in helping with our memory.
第二部分
本部分共 6 题，共 20 分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达（每题 2 分，共 10 分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Game Ideas for Focus & Concentration (注意力) for Teenagers
Besides their studies, teenagers often take part in sports, after-school activities and social events. With so much to stay on top of, it’s easy for them to become stressed out and disorganized. They need help to improve focus and concentration through games. Here are some games that improve concentration, attention and memory.
Brainteasers
Brainteasers give the teenage mind a workout. Brainteasers challenge players with simple-looking tasks, such as matching and recalling patterns. However, they test and improve focus by requiring the player to use speed and logic (逻辑). They also improve concentration, attention, reaction and other cognitive (认知的) skills when played often. Challenge teenagers to complete one or two brainteasers every night from an activity book or website. Riddles and puzzles also exercise cognitive abilities related to focus.
Physical Challenges
Physical exercise is important for healthy teenage development in several ways. Not only does exercise keep the body fit and in shape, but it also helps strengthen the mind by supplying more oxygen (O2) to the brain, helping it process and recall information and awakening brain cells (细胞). Get teenagers outside so that they can develop social skills. Challenge teenagers to relay races, jump rope or hula-hooping competitions, volleyball or other games that encourage physical activity.
Board Games
Board games such as chess and checkers aren’t the only games that improve concentration, focus and problem-solving skills. Even silly games for a group of players can improve cognitive abilities such as memory, concentration and focus. Laughter and lighthearted play during family game night stimulate (促进) areas of the brain related to creativity and learning while encouraging socialization that improves brain health.
34. Besides their studies, what do teenagers often do?
__________________________________
35. What games challenge players with simple-looking tasks?
__________________________________
36. How can physical exercise help strengthen the mind?
__________________________________
37. What can stimulate areas of the brain related to creativity and learning during family game night?
__________________________________
38. Which game mentioned in the passage is your favorite? Why?
__________________________________
五、文段表达（10 分）
从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50 词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
39. 一滴水能够反射出太阳的光辉，一个美好的瞬间能够留下永恒的回忆。学会去发现身边的美好，乐观面对这个世界。
假如你是李华，你校英语社团计划开展以“Beautiful Moment”为主题的分享会 (Sharing Party)。班上的交换生 Peter 要来参加这个分享会，请你给他写封邮件，告知他分享会的时间、地点，分享的方式以及参加分享会的建议。
提示词语：speech, photos, attractive, prepare, confident
提示问题：● When and where will the Sharing Party be held?
● How can Peter share his “Beautiful Moment”?
● What advice can you give him?
Dear Peter,
How is it going?
I’m writing to tell you about the Sharing Party “Beautiful Moment”. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hope you have a good time at the Sharing Party.
Yours,
Li Hua
40. 文化是一个国家和民族的灵魂，指导我们的生活，启发我们的智慧。我们从小学习中华优秀传统文化，树立文化自信。
某英文网站正在开展以“我与中华文化”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍一次你体验中华文化的经历，以及在这次经历中的收获。
提示词语：proud, ancient, touch, traditional, symbol
提示问题：● When and where did you experience Chinese culture?
● What have you learned from the experience?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案
一、单项填空（每题 0.5 分，共 6 分）
从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. All my teachers are patient when I ask ______ for help.
A. him B. us C. them D. you
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：当我向老师们求助时，他们都很耐心。
考查代词辨析。him他；us我们；them他们；you你。根据句意可知，空处是指“All my teachers”，故应用代词them代替。故选C。
2. Peter usually plays the guitar in a music club ______ Saturday afternoon.
A. of B. in C. at D. on
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：Peter通常在周六下午在音乐俱乐部弹吉他。
考查介词辨析。of……的；in后面接季节/年/月等；at后面接某一时刻；on后面接具体的某一天，根据空后的“Saturday afternoon”是具体的某一天可知，空缺处应该用介词on，故选D。
3. —What’s your favorite saying?
—Smile at the world, ______ the world will smile back at you.
A. and B. but C. until D. if
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你最喜欢的谚语是什么？——对世界微笑，世界也会对你微笑。
考查连词辨析。and和，那么；but但是；until直到……为止；if如果。根据“Smile at the world, ... the world will smile back at you.”可知此处用“祈使句and+陈述句”句式。故选A。
4. —______ do you often take a walk?
—In Beihai Park.
A. Why B. Where C. How D. When
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你经常在哪里散步？——在北海公园。
考查疑问词辨析。Why为什么；Where在哪里；How如何；When何时。根据“In Beihai Park.”可知对位置提问，用Where。故选B。
5. My sister ______ swim, so I plan to teach her this summer.
A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：我的妹妹不会游泳，所以我打算在这个夏天教她。
考查情态动词。can’t不会；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要。根据“I plan to teach her this summer”可知，我打算教她，那么妹妹应该是不会游泳。故选A。
6. Nothing is ______ than a walk in the forest.
A. relaxing B. more relaxing C. most relaxing D. the most relaxing
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：没有什么比在森林里散步更令人放松的了。
考查形容词比较级。relaxing令人放松的，形容词原级；more relaxing比较令人放松的，形容词比较级；most relaxing最令人放松的，形容词最高级，前面要加定冠词the；the most relaxing最令人放松的，根据空后的“than”可知，空缺处应该用形容词比较级，故选B。
7. We ______ healthier if we eat enough fruit and vegetables every day.
A. will get B. were getting C. got D. have got
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果我们每天吃足够的水果和蔬菜，我们会变得更健康。
考查时态辨析。if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，其结构为will do。故选A。
8. The famous French writer Charles Perrault ______ to write his fairy tales in 1679.
A. begins B. began C. has begun D. is beginning
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：法国著名作家查尔斯·佩罗在1679年开始写他的童话。
考查时态辨析。根据“in 1679”可知用一般过去时，谓语用过去式began。故选B。
9. Our school life ______ a lot since we entered middle school.
A. changes B. changed C. will change D. has changed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：自从我们进入中学以来，我们的学校生活改变了很多。
考查时态辨析。根据“since we entered middle school”可知要用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。故选D。
10. I ______ a sweet dream when my friend called me this morning.
A. have B. had C. was having D. am having
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：今天早上我朋友给我打电话时，我正在做一个美梦。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语从句“when my friend called me this morning.”的语境可知，空处表示一个过去的动作正在进行，故应用过去进行时，构成形式为：was/were doing；主语是第一人称单数形式，故助动词应用was，have的过去分词是having。故选C。
11. The 24th Winter Olympic Games ______ in Beijing in February, 2022.
A. hold B. are held C. will hold D. will be held
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：第24届冬奥会将于2022年2月在北京举行。
考查时态和语态辨析。主语“The 24th Winter Olympic Games”与动词hold之间是动宾关系，结合“in February, 2022”可知要用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done。故选D。
12. —Judy, can you tell me ______ this grammar book? It’s so useful.
—Sure. I bought it at Xinhua Bookstore.
A. where did you buy B. where will you buy C. where you bought D. where you will buy
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——朱迪，你能告诉我你在哪儿买的这本语法书吗？它是如此有用。——确定。我在新华书店买的。
考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，此处用宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AB；主现从不限，根据“I bought it at Xinhua Bookstore.”可知从句要用一般过去时，排除D。故选C。
二、完形填空（每题 1 分，共 8 分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Symbol for Happiness

“We should carry a symbol that reminds us of a happy moment. Whenever we look at it, we should stop for a while and think about what it stands for.” I was enjoying the words in the book when my wife called me to help our neighbor, Mrs. Fitzpatrick.
I opened the front door and saw Mrs. Fitzpatrick sitting on her porch, ___13___ her lawn (草坪).
“Ah, Tom! Good to see you!” she waved at me and smiled dandelion happily. “Here, come sit with me for a while. It’s a beautiful morning!”
“Err, yes, it sure is,” I said. I hadn’t expected her to be this ___14___ with a broken leg and all.
“Look at my lawn! Isn’t it just beautiful?” she said.
“Beautiful...?” I looked around. Weeds (杂草), dandelions...
“Look at those dandelions. What a perfect symbol for happiness!”
“I’m not sure I follow you. A dandelion as a symbol for happiness?”
“Look at that bright beautiful yellow color! If that isn’t a happy cheerful color, I don’t know what is! And it ___15___ just like happiness. If you are really happy, you do good things that bring joy to the people around you. Once they become happy, they do the same. So the ___16___ spreads. And just like a dandelion—it blooms (开花), sharing its sunny color with everyone and sends its seeds (种子) into the wind. Before you know it, you have a hundred ___17___ of the sunny little flower around you.” “But it is a weed...” I said.
“A weed, that’s funny. I’m always watching everyone work on their garden. And I mean work. It doesn’t look very joyful—just working to make the lawn look short and thick and green. I never see any of the neighbors sit and just look at their beautiful lawn. They just work on it and don’t ___18___ it.”
Well she sure got that one right. I never heard anyone talk about their lawn unless it was to complain how much work it was.
And then she said the thing I wrote down once I got home. I still write it on the first page of all my calendars when the new year ___19___, and glue a little picture of a dandelion next to it.
“What a bad day, they say. And I look at the dandelions and see a thousand little ___20___.”
13. A. watching B. cutting C. growing D. picturing
14. A. brave B. calm C. helpful D. cheerful
15. A. smells B. spreads C. leaves D. drops
16 A. happiness B. pride C. value D. choice
17. A. kinds B. symbols C. copies D. signs
18. A. miss B. share C. want D. enjoy
19. A. continues B. passes C. ends D. begins
20. A. planets B. suns C. beans D. plants
【答案】13. A 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【分析】短文通过Fitzpatrick夫人眼中幸福的象征——蒲公英的故事，告诉人们：我们应该像蒲公英一样给别人传播幸福和快乐。
【13题详解】
句意：我打开前门，看见Fitzpatrick夫人坐在门廊上，看着她的草坪。
watching观看；cutting割；growing种植；picturing描绘。根据下文“Here, come sit with me for a while. It’s a beautiful morning!”的语境可知，应是Fitzpatrick夫人坐在门廊上，看着她的草坪，感觉是一个美好的早晨。故选A。
【14题详解】
句意：我没想到她摔断了腿还如此高兴。
brave勇敢的；calm平静的；helpful有帮助的；cheerful高兴的。根据下句““Look at my lawn! Isn’t it just beautiful?” she said.”可知，应是作者没想到她摔断了腿还有心情高兴地欣赏草坪。故选D。
【15题详解】
句意：它就像幸福一样传播。
smells闻起来；spreads传播；leaves离开；drops落下。根据后句“If you are really happy, you do good things that bring joy to the people around you.”可知，应是像幸福一样传播。故选B。
【16题详解】
句意：于是幸福就蔓延开来。
happiness幸福；pride骄傲；value价值；choice选择。根据前文“If you are really happy, you do good things that bring joy to the people around you. Once they become happy, they do the same.”可知，应是幸福就蔓延开来。故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：不知不觉间，你身边就有一百朵阳光明媚的小花。
kinds种类；symbols象征；copies份；signs标志。根据前文“And just like a dandelion—it blooms (开花), sharing its sunny color with everyone and sends its seeds (种子) into the wind.”可知，应是不知不觉间，你身边就有一百朵（份）阳光明媚的小花。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：他们只是在工作，并不喜欢。
miss思念；share分享；want想要；enjoy喜欢。根据前文“It doesn’t look very joyful—just working to make the lawn look short and thick and green. I never see any of the neighbors sit and just look at their beautiful lawn.”的语境可知，应是他们只是在工作使花园更漂亮，本人并不一定喜欢。故选D。
【19题详解】
句意：新年伊始，我仍然把它写在我所有日历的第一页上，并在旁边粘上一张蒲公英的小照片。
continues继续；passes通过；ends结束；begins开始。根据前句“And then she said the thing I wrote down once I got home.”的语境可知，应是在新年伊始，我仍然把它写在我所有日历的第一页上，用于鞭策自己。故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：我看着蒲公英，看到一千个小太阳。
planets行星；suns太阳；beans豆；plants植物。根据上文“And just like a dandelion—it blooms (开花), sharing its sunny color with everyone and sends its seeds (种子) into the wind. Before you know it, you have a hundred…of the sunny little flower around you.”可知，应是看着蒲公英，就像看到一千个小太阳，把阳光分享给每一个人。故选B。
三、阅读理解（每题 2 分，共 26 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
A
Volunteering can be a wonderful experience. You can help out at an organization, and it can benefit you too. We hope you’ll feel more interested in volunteering yourself after reading these stories.

I began volunteering with Berkeley Animal Shelter at age 12. I helped get cats adopted(收养), cleaned up after them, fed them, and gave them love and attention. I really feel like I’ve made a difference. There’s nothing like watching a cat go out the door with a happy new pet parent.
Elliott

Elle
I volunteered for the Native Plant Society at age 14. I helped save the local plants. Instead of just “being passionate(热情的)”, I actively worked on making it happen. Volunteering made me a better person. I realized I could do more than I thought.

Kenny
When I was 15 years old, I volunteered on Earth Day by helping clean up a local beach. We really don’t realize how much rubbish is produced every day. Volunteering on the beach taught me that it was important to keep our beaches clean and helped me learn about different sea animals.

Laura
My dad asked me to volunteer at our local Meals on Wheels when I was 13 years old We volunteered every Saturday morning by sending hot meals to some old people in our town. They were unable to make their own food. This experience made me think a lot more about other people and their needs.

21. How old was Elliott when he began volunteering with Berkeley Animal Shelter?
A. 12. B. 13. C. 14. D. 15.
22. Who volunteered for the Native Plant Society?
A. Elliott. B. Elle. C. Kenny. D. Laura.
23. What did Laura learn from her volunteer experience?
A. She would help clean up the beach.
B. She could do more than she thought.
C. She must help more cats find pet parents.
D. She should think more about people in need.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【分析】本文主要讲述了四位志愿者的志愿故事，并希望在阅读完故事之后，读者能对志愿服务感兴趣。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第一栏“I began volunteering with Berkeley Animal Shelter at age 12.”可知，Elliott在12岁时开始做志愿服务。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第二栏“I volunteered for the Native Plant Society at age 14.”可知，Elle14岁时在Native Plant Society做志愿服务。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第四栏“This experience made me think a lot more about other people and their needs.”可知，Laura的志愿服务经历让她学会多考虑他人和他们的需求。故选D。
B
William had his nose pressed against the window and waited for his adopted puppy to arrive. A car pulled into the driveway, and he ran to the front door. William looked at the puppy’s little brown face and immediately fell in love with her. Dad put the puppy down, and she ran to William, giving him some kisses. “Her name is Buttercup,” Dad said. William looked at the puppy. “Buttercup. I like it.” After about an hour, the puppy fell asleep. William went to his room and played on his own, but he quickly got bored. He went to the living room and asked his Mum and Dad, “Can we go to the park?”
Mom shook her head. “Sorry, sweetie, but we need to stay at home and help Buttercup get used to her new environment.”
“Why don’t you play with her?” Dad asked.
William played with Buttercup until she fell asleep again. “Can we go to the park now? She’s sleeping.”
“William, a puppy is a big responsibility,” Dad said. “You said you were ready for this, and that means you have to help us look after her and train her.”
William went to his room again. Everyone was excited: all they wanted to do was play with the puppy or watch her sleep. William was bored.
Dad walked into William’s room. “You know how you like to play catch with Uncle Mike’s dog?”

“Yeah?”
“Why don’t you try playing with Buttercup?” “She’s too little,” William said.
“Not with this ball” Dad held up a soft fuzzy ball.
William nodded. He rolled the ball to her, and she held it with her paws. “Good girl,” William said. They played for hours, and by the time Buttercup fell asleep on the floor, William was curled up (蜷曲地) next to her, sleeping too.
24. When the puppy arrived, William felt ______.
A. tired B. proud C. excited D. bored
25. What did William do after the puppy got to his home?
A. He ran with the puppy in the park. B. He happily watched the puppy sleep.
C. He gave the puppy a name Buttercup. D. He tried to train the puppy to play catch.
26. What did William’s parents want him to learn?
A. How to be responsible. B. How to stop being bored.
C. How to be kind to animals. D. How to correct his own mistakes.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍William得到收养小狗之后的生活。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“William looked at the puppy’s little brown face and immediately fell in love with her.”可知，威廉看着小狗棕色的小脸，马上就爱上了它，所以他很激动。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“He rolled the ball to her, and she held it with her paws.”可知，William训练小狗玩接球游戏。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据““William, a puppy is a big responsibility”可知，William的父母希望他学会负责。故选A。
C

Some animals are “shapeshifting”. This means they are feather changing how their bodies work. Scientists have found that birds’ beaks are larger because of the changing climate (气候). Today, the global climate is rapidly warming.
Scientists found warm-blooded animals can keep their body temperature constant (恒定). They are adapting to a hotter climate. To adapt means to change. Adaptations help animals stay alive in their environment.
How Animals Cool Off
Animals have to control their body temperature. If they do not, they can overheat. So animals have different methods to help them cool off. Birds, for example, use their beaks, which are not covered by feathers. They help birds reduce body heat. Mammals (哺乳动物), which breathe air, have backbones, grow hair and produce milk, use similar methods. They use their ears, tails and legs to help them control body temperature.
Scientists have studied this in the past years. They have studied animals in warmer climates. They know that some of these animals have evolved (进化) certain features. These features allow animals to reduce body heat more easily. They are becoming more obvious as the climate warms. This is particularly true in birds.
1
Sara Ryding works at Deakin University in Australia and studies birds. “Shapeshifting does not mean that animals are dealing successfully with climate change and that all is fine,” Ryding said. “It just means they are evolving to stay alive.” The study found that birds are changing the most. For example, several types of Australian parrots showed changes. Their beak size has increased since 1871. Their beaks are now 4% to 10% larger. And that growth matches the summer temperature each year. Scientists have also reported changes in other animals. Tail lengths have increased in wood mice. Bats in warm climates have increased wing size, too. These changes might seem small, but Ryding says that could change as the planet becomes hotter.
Ryding wants to keep studying “shapeshifting”. She will 3D scan museum bird samples (样品) from the past 100 years. She will see which birds are changing the size of their beaks because of climate change by studying digital copies of bird samples. Ryding thinks the climate change that we have created is putting pressure (压力) on animals, so humans should do more than just recognize the changes that animals have to make. She says that some animals will adapt. However, others will not.
27. In “shapeshifting”, ______.
A. birds breathe air and change backbones
B. bird samples are made into digital copies
C. birds use their feathers to easily reduce body heat
D. birds’ beaks grow larger because of climate change
28. Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 5 and 6?
A. What Animals Look Like B. All Is Not Well
C. Though Life Is Challenging D. It Is Worth A Try
29. According to the last paragraph, Ryding probably agrees that ______.
A. animals are suffering from human behavior
B. technology won’t end animal “shapeshifting”
C. humans haven’t realized animal “shapeshifting” yet
D. it is natural for animals to experience climate change
【答案】27. D 28. B 29. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物降低体温的方法以及变形并不一定是好的。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Some animals are “shapeshifting”. This……is largely because of the changing climate”可知，在“变形”中，由于气候变化，鸟类的喙变大了，故选D。
【28题详解】
最佳标题题。通读第五段和第六段可知，第五、六段主要讲的是变形并不一定是好的，选项B“并非一切良好”最符合第五、六段标题，故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Ryding thinks……do more than just recognize the changes that animals have to make”可推知，Ryding认为动物正遭受人类行为的折磨，故选A。
D
How GPS Weakens Memory — and What We Can Do about It

Using mobile phones to navigate (导航) has become second nature. Whether you’re heading to a new park or meeting friends at a restaurant, you just enter the address on your phone and go. Without GPS, exploring (探索) and wayfinding in new places required preparation. We had to think, check paper maps, and plan and memorize ways there. But today there is no need to think. Simply follow the turn-by-turn directions on your phone, and you’ll end up where you need to be. However, your overall sense of the place suffers. Spatial (空间的) navigation used to be a process performed by the human brain and perceptual system, but now people have surrendered it to technology.
There are areas of the brain that deal with these difficult pathfinding tasks. In particular, the hippocampus is related to spatial memory, spatial navigation and mental (在脑中的) mapping. Studies show that we can exercise the hippocampus memory through exploration and spatial navigation. For example, expert navigators like London taxi drivers have larger hippocampi compared to other people.
However, when we follow a set of turn-by-turn directions, GPS navigation apps treat us as passive passengers rather than active explorers. In turn, this stops us from being able to create proper mental maps, and has an effect on the hippocampus, which is very important for brain health.
While improvements in technology clearly have many benefits, we must remain mindful that technology can influence the brain. Our question is: Can we find a way to still use GPS but reduce the harmful effects on memory?
The challenge is to create other forms of GPS navigation that will remain easy enough for the general public, and at the same time, enable people to improve their spatial sense. Our research finds that properly designed audio beacons (音频信标) offer a much more active form of GPS navigation. For example, with an audio beacon at a hospital, when we are two miles away from the hospital, we can hear a sound through our phone. In recent experiments, we discover that this type of sensory navigation through audio beacons does better than turn-by-turn navigation in the creation of mental maps. We believe these results, at least in part, come from people taking a more active role in their navigation.
GPS navigation using audio beacons offers a good example that helps humans connect more deeply with reality; perhaps instead of turning into mindless robots, we will be able to become more deeply involved with humanity, our local environment, and life itself.
30. GPS weakens people’s memory because it ______.
A. records the places people have been to
B. offers people more than one way to a place
C. takes the place of thinking process in wayfinding
D fails to teach people how to prepare for exploring
31. The words “have surrendered it to” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______.
A. have compared it to B. have given it up to
C. have learned it from D. have taken it away from
32. London taxi drivers are mentioned in Paragraph 2 to show that ______.
A. GPS is not widely used in London
B. the hippocampus memory can be exercised
C. hard-working drivers have larger hippocampi
D. active explorers are better than passive passengers
33. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Turn-by-turn GPS navigation helps create mental maps.
B. Audio beacons technology will be replaced in the future.
C. Users’ active role should be considered in navigation technology.
D. GPS navigation apps have come a long way in helping with our memory.
【答案】30. C 31. B 32. B 33. C
【解析】
【分析】文章主要讲GPS是如何削弱记忆的以及我们能够做些什么。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Without GPS, exploring and wayfinding in new places required preparation. We had to think, check paper maps, and plan and memorize ways there. But today there is no need to think. Simply follow the turn-by-turn directions on your phone, and you’ll end up where you need to be.”可知GPS削弱了人们的记忆力，因为它取代了寻路的思维过程。故选C。
【31题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“Spatial navigation used to be a process performed by the human brain and perceptual system, but now people have surrendered it to technology.”可知空间导航曾经是人类大脑和感知系统完成的过程，但现在都靠GPS，人们把这一过程交给了科技，have surrendered it to意为“已经交给了”。故选B。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Studies show that we can exercise the hippocampus memory through exploration and spatial navigation. For example, expert navigators like London taxi drivers have larger hippocampi compared to other people.”可知我们可以通过探索和空间导航来锻炼海马体记忆，列举伦敦出租车司机的例子是为了说明海马体记忆是可以锻炼的。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“We believe these results, at least in part, come from people taking a more active role in their navigation.”和“perhaps instead of turning into mindless robots, we will be able to become more deeply involved with humanity, our local environment, and life itself.”可知在导航技术中应考虑用户的主动作用。故选C。
第二部分
本部分共 6 题，共 20 分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达（每题 2 分，共 10 分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Game Ideas for Focus & Concentration (注意力) for Teenagers
Besides their studies, teenagers often take part in sports, after-school activities and social events. With so much to stay on top of, it’s easy for them to become stressed out and disorganized. They need help to improve focus and concentration through games. Here are some games that improve concentration, attention and memory.
Brainteasers
Brainteasers give the teenage mind a workout. Brainteasers challenge players with simple-looking tasks, such as matching and recalling patterns. However, they test and improve focus by requiring the player to use speed and logic (逻辑). They also improve concentration, attention, reaction and other cognitive (认知的) skills when played often. Challenge teenagers to complete one or two brainteasers every night from an activity book or website. Riddles and puzzles also exercise cognitive abilities related to focus.
Physical Challenges
Physical exercise is important for healthy teenage development in several ways. Not only does exercise keep the body fit and in shape, but it also helps strengthen the mind by supplying more oxygen (O2) to the brain, helping it process and recall information and awakening brain cells (细胞). Get teenagers outside so that they can develop social skills. Challenge teenagers to relay races, jump rope or hula-hooping competitions, volleyball or other games that encourage physical activity.
Board Games
Board games such as chess and checkers aren’t the only games that improve concentration, focus and problem-solving skills. Even silly games for a group of players can improve cognitive abilities such as memory, concentration and focus. Laughter and lighthearted play during family game night stimulate (促进) areas of the brain related to creativity and learning while encouraging socialization that improves brain health.
34. Besides their studies, what do teenagers often do?
__________________________________
35. What games challenge players with simple-looking tasks?
__________________________________
36. How can physical exercise help strengthen the mind?
__________________________________
37. What can stimulate areas of the brain related to creativity and learning during family game night?
__________________________________
38. Which game mentioned in the passage is your favorite? Why?
__________________________________
【答案】34. They often take part in sports, after-school activities and social events.
35. Brainteasers.
36. By supplying more oxygen to the brain, helping it process and recall information and awakening brain cells.
37. Laughter and lighthearted play.
38. Board Games. Because these games can improve my concentration, focus and problem-solving skills.

【解析】
【分析】文章主要是针对青少年的专注和集中的游戏理念，介绍了一些能提高注意力和记忆力的游戏。
【34题详解】
根据“Besides their studies, teenagers often take part in sports, after-school activities and social events.”可知除了学习，青少年还经常参加体育运动、课外活动和社会活动。故填They often take part in sports, after-school activities and social events.
【35题详解】
根据“Brainteasers challenge players with simple-looking tasks, such as matching and recalling patterns.”可知智力题会用看似简单的任务挑战玩家。故填Brainteasers.
【36题详解】
根据“Not only does exercise keep the body fit and in shape, but it also helps strengthen the mind by supplying more oxygen (O2) to the brain, helping it process and recall information and awakening brain cells.”可知体育锻炼通过向大脑提供更多的氧气，帮助它处理和回忆信息，唤醒脑细胞来增强心智。故填By supplying more oxygen to the brain, helping it process and recall information and awakening brain cells.
【37题详解】
根据“Laughter and lighthearted play during family game night stimulate areas of the brain related to creativity and learning while encouraging socialization that improves brain health.”可知在家庭游戏之夜，笑声和轻松的玩耍可以刺激大脑中与创造力和学习有关的区域。故填Laughter and lighthearted play.
【38题详解】
主观题，选出自己最喜欢的游戏，给出合理的原因即可。故填Board Games. Because these games can improve my concentration, focus and problem-solving skills.
五、文段表达（10 分）
从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50 词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
39. 一滴水能够反射出太阳的光辉，一个美好的瞬间能够留下永恒的回忆。学会去发现身边的美好，乐观面对这个世界。
假如你是李华，你校英语社团计划开展以“Beautiful Moment”为主题的分享会 (Sharing Party)。班上的交换生 Peter 要来参加这个分享会，请你给他写封邮件，告知他分享会的时间、地点，分享的方式以及参加分享会的建议。
提示词语：speech, photos, attractive, prepare, confident
提示问题：● When and where will the Sharing Party be held?
● How can Peter share his “Beautiful Moment”?
● What advice can you give him?
Dear Peter,
How is it going?
I’m writing to tell you about the Sharing Party “Beautiful Moment”. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hope you have a good time at the Sharing Party.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文
Dear Peter,
How is it going?
I’m writing to you about the Sharing Party “Beautiful Moment”. It will be held in our school hall at 3 p.m. next Monday. You can share your favorite “moment of the year” by giving a speech and making a poster. We believe the party will be an unforgettable experience for all of us. If you want listeners to be interested in your speech, you should prepare well. Each person will be given around five minutes to share, so your speech should be brief and well-organized.
Hope you have a good time at the Sharing Party.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一封电子邮件。作为李华，你校英语社团计划开展以“Beautiful Moment”为主题的分享会，要求你根据要点提示内容，给你班上的交换生Peter写一封邮件，告知他分享会的时间、地点，分享的方式以及参加分享会的建议；注意要点要齐全，可适当发挥。
2. 写作指导：本文主要采用第一、第二人称来展开写作，时态主要用一般现在时和一般将来时。写作时要认真审题，根据提示的内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作；可以围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等；语言的表述要符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；层次要分明、条理要清晰。
40. 文化是一个国家和民族的灵魂，指导我们的生活，启发我们的智慧。我们从小学习中华优秀传统文化，树立文化自信。
某英文网站正在开展以“我与中华文化”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，介绍一次你体验中华文化的经历，以及在这次经历中的收获。
提示词语：proud, ancient, touch, traditional, symbol
提示问题：● When and where did you experience Chinese culture?
● What have you learned from the experience?
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【答案】例文
As a lover of culture, I have always been interested in Chinese culture. Experiencing traditional culture brings me a lot of fun and is now a very important part of my life.
Last month, I went to the Temple of Heaven to appreciate its cultural charm. Walking among the beautiful buildings, enjoying their eye-catching designs, I felt deeply proud of the Chinese culture.
The visit to the Temple of Heaven was more than just an outgoing, but a special encounter with Chinese culture. After viewing these wonderful ancient buildings, I understand how unity and perfection are expressed.
【解析】
【详解】1、题干解读：该题目属于材料作文写作，写作时应先介绍一次体验中华文化的经历，然后介绍这次经历中的收获，可适当发挥。
2、写作指导：本文应该以第一人称来叙述内容；时态采用一般过去时为主；介绍体验中华文化的经历以及这次经历的收获时，应详细具体，语句通顺，逻辑性强，保证条理清晰。