新教材适用2024版高考英语一轮总复习练案18选择性必修第一册Unit2LookingIntoTheFuture

练案[18]　选择性必修第一册　UNIT 2　LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE

Ⅰ.完形填空

(2023·湖南省名校联合体联考)

I  log on to a computer at the doctor's office to say I have arrived and then wait until a voice calls me into the examination room.There, a robotic nurse  1.B　 me to the scales and then takes my blood pressure.Some time later, comes the doctor, who is also a robot.He notes down my  2.B　 and gives me a(n)  3.C　.I pay for my visit using a credit card and return home without having met another human being.This is my nightmarish vision of the future, which hasn't happened  4.C　 yet.

I should say I really do like many aspects of  5.D　.I am a big fan of air conditioning in summer and heaters in winter.But I am writing this because I don't want machines to  6.C　.

When I call my dentist's office and actually get a human being on the line，I am  7.B　.And when I see the introduction of more self-service checkout stations at the grocery store，I feel like  8.C　, “When it comes to cashiers, make mine a(n)  9.B　, please！”

After all, human cashiers sometimes  10.A　 you a store coupon for items you are buying.Even more than that, real-life cashiers often take an interest in particularly cute children, which can  11.A　 young mothers' day.A cashier may also show compassion for an elderly person  12.D　 to get that last penny out of his purse.

Machines can be  13.B　 and cost-effective and they often get the job done just fine. 14.A　 they lack an element so important to everyday life.

Call it the spirit, the soul or the heart.It is  15.D　 no machine will ever have.It is human being that encourages us to smile at others, which may be what they need at that moment.

语篇导读：作者以自己的梦境引入话题，讨论了机器人尽管便捷高效、节约成本，并且也能把很多工作做好，但却是冷冰冰的，并不足以代替人，因为它们没有情感、更没有灵魂。

1．A.tears  B．directs

C．follows  D．separates

解析：考查语境和常识推断。根据语境和常识可知，机器人护士把作者领到了秤旁，然后量了血压。故选B。

2．A.signals  B．symptoms

C．sculptures  D．symbols

解析：考查语境和常识推断。根据语境和常识可知，机器人医生记下了作者的症状，并给作者开了处方。故选B。

3．A.description  B．assumption

C．prescription  D．subscription

解析：考查语境推断。参见上题解析。故选C。

4．A.at most  B．at last

C．at least  D．at intervals

解析：考查常识推断。机器人医生和护士发生在作者的噩梦里，结合常识可知，这样的情境至少到目前为止还没有发生。at intervals“时时，不时”。故选C。

5．A.commerce  B．agriculture

C．literature  D．technology

解析：考查语境推断。根据下文中的“I am a big fan...in winter.”可知，作者对技术的很多方面都真的很喜欢。故选D。

6．A.cut in  B．pass by

C．take over  D．go away

解析：考查语境推断。根据上文可知，作者认为机器人医生和护士为人看诊是噩梦，因此，作者并不希望机器人接管人类的众多工作。cut in“打断”；pass by“经过，走过”。故选C。

7．A.annoyed  B．thrilled

C．discouraged  D．disappointed

解析：考查语境推断。根据上文可知，作者把机器人看诊看作是噩梦，因此听到人类声音的时候，作者感到非常激动。故选B。

8．A.cursing  B．laughing

C．shouting  D．weeping

解析：考查语境和常识推断。根据语境可知，作者对于一系列人类服务倍感欣慰，所以当作者看到杂货店里有越来越多的自助收银台时，可根据常识推断作者此时肯定是不满的，内心希望能见到人工收银，故C项符合语境。故选C。

9．A.machine  B．human

C．animal  D．plant

解析：考查语境推断。参见上题解析。故选B。

10．A.give  B．remind

C．bargain  D．purchase

解析：考查语境推断。根据语境可知，人类收银员有时候会给顾客商店优惠券。故选A。

11．A.brighten  B．darken

C．strengthen  D．widen

解析：考查语境推断。根据语境可知，人类收银员喜欢小孩，这会让孩子的母亲非常开心。brighten“(使)明亮，(使)快活起来”。故选A。

12．A.turning  B．happening

C．describing  D．struggling

解析：考查语境和常识推断。根据语境和常识可知，收银员看到老人颤颤巍巍地从钱包里拿出最后一分钱时，还会抱以同情之心。故选D。

13．A.urgent  B．efficient

C．frequent  D．consistent

解析：考查常识推断。结合常识可知，机器人不仅效率高，还能节约成本，但是它们缺乏人情味。故选B。

14．A.But  B．Because

C．Otherwise  D．Therefore

解析：考查语境推断。参见上题解析。故选A。

15．A.everything  B．nothing

C．anything  D．something

解析：考查语境和常识推断。结合语境和常识可知，思想、灵魂和同情心是机器所缺乏的东西。故选A。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

(2023·大连市双基测试)

Elephants are the largest land mammals on Earth, and understanding them better could lead to some incredibly large breakthroughs in science.Researchers are doing a deep-dive study on elephant trunks, with the aim of improving the future of robotics.

Elephants' trunks are both delicate and strong—they are capable of grasping a single leaf but can also carry nearly 600 pounds.And scientists argue that these multifunctional trunks—called proboscis—are the incredible inspiration for the next generation of bioinspired(仿生的) robots.

“Classical robots are extremely good at performing aspecific task for which they've been designed.If you want that robot to do something a little different, it will fail，”said Michel Milinkovitch，a professor of the physics of biology at the University of Geneva.

In new research, scientists explained how elephants can move their trunks with almost unlimited degrees of freedom, combining about 20 basic movements to carry out more complicated movements.“Elephants have sort of a tool kit of simple movements, and they can combine these simple movements with complex trajectories(轨迹)，”Milinkovitch said.“They can adapt to the object you give them.”The study also found that elephants can form “pseudo-joints”with their trunks, similar to the structure of a human elbow(肘) and wrist.

“It's also a feeling of wonder just looking at these amazing creatures，”Milinkovitch said, noting that African forest elephants and African savanna elephants are endangered species.“We also hope to increase awareness of the conservation of this very unique animal，”he said.“There are a lot of principles that we can learn from nature；it's not just there for our happy life—it is really an incredible source of engineering principles.”

语篇导读：象鼻可以完成不同的任务，这为仿生机器人的设计提供了灵感。

1．What is the inspiration of elephants' trunks for bio-inspired robots？_B__

A．They are too strong to break easily.

B．They are adaptable to different tasks.

C．They are long enough to carry out tasks.

D．They are good at performing simple tasks.

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they are capable of grasping a single leaf but also...these multifunctional trunks—called proboscis—are the incredible inspiration for the next generation of bio-inspired(仿生的) robots.”可知，象鼻的多功能性为下一代仿生机器人提供了很多令人难以置信的灵感。故选B。

2．What can be inferred from the last paragraph？_D__

A．Humans should treasure the happy life.

B．Humans should apply engineering principles.

C．Elephants in the world are on the edge of extinction.

D．Raising awareness of animal conservation is significant.

解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，尤其是“We also hope to increase awareness of the conservation of this very unique animal”可知，提高人们对动物的保护意识非常重要。故选D。

3．Where is the text probably from？_A__

A．A science magazine.

B．A news review.

C．An advertisement.

D．A tourist brochure.

解析：推理判断题。统览全文内容可知，本文重点说明象鼻为仿生机器人提供了灵感，并通过对相关研究的介绍解释了其原因，故本文可能来自科学杂志。故选A。

4．What is a suitable title for the text？_B__

A．Time to Protect Elephants

B．Elephants' Trunks and Robotics

C．What Strange Elephants' Trunks!

D．The Inspiration for Scientific Breakthrough

解析：标题归纳题。结合全文内容可知，本文紧紧围绕象鼻的特性及其为仿生机器人设计提供的灵感等内容展开说明，所以B项“象鼻与机器人技术”可作为文章标题。故选B。

Ⅲ.应用文写作

(2023·潍坊市段测)

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jackson来信询问你未来的人生规划，请你回信，内容包括：

1．你的人生规划；

2．解释原因；

3．请他提出建议。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。

Dear Jackson，

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours，

Li Hua

参考范文：

Dear_Jackson，

I'm writing to share with you my life plan in the future.When I grow up，I want to be a journalist.

I think working for a newspaper and reporting news from all over the world would be really exciting.Journalists are to be very enthusiastic, independent and good at communicating with people.Hence I am trying to improve my speaking and writing skills.And of course, absorbing as much knowledge as possible at this stage in my life is what I must do.

What about your life plan？What do you think of my life plan？Any suggestions are welcome.

Yours，

Li_Hua

Ⅳ.读后续写

(2023·八省市第一次联考)

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

A Run to Remember

Thirteen can be a challenging age.Not only did I have to adapt to my changing body，I also had to deal with my parents' bitter divorce，a new family and the upsetting move from my country home to a crowded suburb.

When we moved, my beloved companion，a small brown pony(小马), had to be sold.Feeling helpless and alone，I couldn't eat or sleep, and I cried all of the time.I missed my family, my home and my pony.Finally, my father, realizing how much I missed my pony, purchased an old red horse for me at a local market.

My horse, Cowboy, was without a doubt the ugliest horse in the world.He was pigeon-toed(足内翻的) and knock-kneed(膝外翻的)．But I didn't care about his faults.I loved him beyond all reason.

I joined a riding club, where the other members rode beautiful registered horses.I faced rude comments and mean snickers about Cowboy's look.I never let on how I felt, but deep down inside, my heart was breaking.

When Cowboy and I entered the events where the horse is judged on appearance, we were quickly out of the game.I finally realized that my only chance to compete would be in the racing events.I chose barrel racing(绕桶赛), an event in which a horse and its rider attempt to complete a triangular pattern around three barrels in the shortest time.

One girl named Becky rode a big brown horse in the race events.She always won the blue ribbon.Needless to say, she didn't feel threatened when I competed against her at the next show.She didn't need to.I came in next to last.

The bitter memory of Becky's smirks(自鸣得意的笑) made me determined to beat her.For the whole next month，I woke up early every day and rode Cowboy five miles to the arena(运动场地)．We practiced for hours in the hot sun and then I would walk Cowboy home.On the way home I would be so tired；those five miles seemed twice as long.

All of our hard work didn't make me feel confident by the time the show came.I sat at the gate and sweated it out while I watched Becky and her horse charge through the pattern of barrels, finishing the course with ease.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

My turn finally came. _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

No cheers filled the air when I finished my show. _____________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

写作提示：

1．审题：(1)明确故事人物：作者和老马Cowboy及竞争对手贝基；(2)厘清主要事件：作者13岁就承受着家庭的变故，并且失去了宠物小马的陪伴，作者很孤单，需要陪伴。父亲在当地市场买了一匹老马，尽管Cowboy很丑，作者还是很喜欢Cowboy在身边；一个叫贝基的女孩骑着一匹棕色的大马参加比赛，当作者在与她竞争时，她轻易的赢了，但是贝基得意的笑让作者决心打败她，并且最终做到了。

2．写作要点：(1)由续写第一段首句内容“终于轮到我了。”可知，第一段可描写比赛的过程。(2)由续写第二段首句内容“当我结束我的表演时，空气中没有欢呼声。”可知，第二段可描写观众对于作者赢了贝基的惊讶以及作者的感悟。

参考范文：

My turn finally came.As I urged Cowboy forward, he stumbled, and almost fell, much to the delight of the other riders.I jammed my hat down on my head, stroked Cowboy's big red neck and entered the arena. At the signal, we dashed toward the first barrel, quickly whipped around it and with perfect precision rounded the second and thundered on the third. We tore around the final curve and shot for the finish line.

No cheers filled the air when I finished my show.The end of our run was met with surprised silence. With the sound of my heart pounding in my ears, I heard the announcer call our time.Cowboy and I had beaten Becky and her proud fancy horse！I gained much more than a blue ribbon that day.At thirteen, I realized that I'd always become a winner if I wanted something badly enough to work for it.I can be the master of my own destiny.