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精品解析：重庆市铜梁一中等三校2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题(含听力）（解析版）
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这是一份精品解析：重庆市铜梁一中等三校2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题(含听力）（解析版），共25页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7，15． B．￡9等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023 学年上学期三校联合考试(高 2024 届)
英语试题卷
(共 5 页，满分 150 分。考试时间 120 分钟。)
注意事项：
l. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第Ⅰ卷 选择题(95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15． B．￡9.15． C．￡9.18．
答案是 B。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman say about the dress?
A. It’s out of date. B. It’s cheap. C. It’s beautiful.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Look at this beautiful green dress. The original price was $300, but it only costs $150 now.
W: It may not seem expensive for you. But I don’t think so. And it’s a little old-fashioned. Let’s go to another store.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the woman probably talking to?
A. Her friend. B. Her coach. C. Her brother.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I gained 15 pounds after staying at home for a month.
M: Me, too. I think it’s just because our mom cooks very well.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman plan to do?
A. Handle her work. B. Go home. C. Pick up Mark.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Mark, I’m afraid I can’t have dinner with you tonight. My boss gave me some extra work, so I have to finish it first.
M: All right. I was going to pick you up. But I’m going home now.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the speakers see the film?
A. At 6:30 p.m. B. At 7:00 p.m. C. At 8:00 p.m.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Martin, tonight’s film will be on at 7:00 p.m. and at 8:00 p.m. What time do you prefer?
M: Well, we will have dinner in a restaurant at 6:30. To make sure we have enough time to enjoy the meal, we’d better choose the latter.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The man’s sister. B. A pet. C. An accident.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you see Coco? My sister and I can’t find her anywhere. I’m afraid that she’ll get hit by a car if she runs into the road.
W: You mean your little dog? No, I haven’t seen her.
第二节(共1 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What do we know about Jane?
A. She lost her umbrella. B. She can’t go to the party. C. She is fine now.
7. How did Jane go home last night?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Jane can’t come to the party tonight. Her mother told me that she had a fever and needed to rest at home.
M: What happened to her? She was fine yesterday.
W: Do you remember the rain last night? She forgot to take an umbrella. It was too late and there were no buses. So she walked home through the rain. But she didn’t expect it would rain hard on the way home. Then she had a fever last night.
M: Poor Jane. She should have taken a taxi!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. In which country did the man attend university?
A. Canada. B. Australia. C. America.
9. Where does the man’s mother probably work?
A. At an engineering firm. B. In a hospital. C. At a university.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Co-workers. C. Schoolmates.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【原文】W: I need more information from your side. Could you tell me something about yourself and your family?
M: OK. I was born in Canada and lived there until I graduated from high school. And then I majored in Computer Science at a university in the United States. After graduation, I hoped to live in Australia. So I came here. As to my family, my father is a civil engineer and my mother is a doctor. Both of my sisters are teaching at universities.
W: What made you decide to get into Computer Science?
M: Well, I just like it.
W: That’s good. I’ll let you know the result next week.
M: Thank you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where does the conversation take place?
A. On the phone. B. In the man’s house. C. In the company.
12. How much will the woman pay for the rent per month?
A. $650. B. $700. C. $750.
13. For what does the woman have to pay herself?
A. The TV.
B. The furniture.
C. The water and electricity.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, this is Francis Smith speaking. Who is calling please?
W: Hi, Mr. Smith. This is Crystal speaking. I want to know about the room for rent advertised in today’s newspaper. Is it still available? And how much is the monthly rent?
M: Yes. It’s $750 per month.
W: It’s a little expensive for me. Can you come down a little bit?
M: Mmm... If you rent it for a year, I’ll give you a discount of $50 a month.
W: All right. I will rent it for a year. Do you have all the furniture?
M: Yes. I’ll pay the property fees and the cable TV, but you have to pay the water and electricity fees yourself.
W: OK. Can I have a look tomorrow morning?
M: Yes, you can.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What is Linda going to do this afternoon?
A. Go to the dentist. B. Date with the man. C. Go to the supermarket.
15. What day is it today?
A Monday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
16. What does Linda ask the man to do?
A. Have his teeth examined. B. Brush his teeth twice a day. C. Eat less dessert.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Linda. I’m going to the supermarket. Do you want to go with me?
W: I’m afraid not. I have an appointment with my dentist this afternoon.
M: What’s wrong with your teeth?
W: I’ve had a toothache these days. The dentist checked my teeth on Monday and asked me to come back for a review on Thursday.
M: I see. Do you feel better now?
W: Much better. The doctor advised me to cut down on sweets. Actually, I’m not interested in them. I remember you like dessert. You really should eat less. It’s bad for your teeth. And now I know the importance of brushing teeth every day.
M: Can I go with you? I also want to have my teeth examined.
W: Sure. Let me start the car first.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Who is probably the speaker?
A. A reporter. B. A teacher. C. A writer.
18. What did the coachman do outside the theater?
A. He read a book. B. He looked after the horse. C. He enjoyed the snow.
19. How did the young lady feel about the coachman’s situation?
A. Sad. B. Moved. C. Casual.
20. What does the speaker want to tell us?
A. Help those around us as much as we can.
B. Read as many books as we can.
C. Be grateful for what we have.
【答案】17. B 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】 W: I read a story in a book the other day. It showed something important and I wanted to share it with you. The story was set in the years before cars were invented, so the rich had to travel in coaches. One day, a young lady wanted to watch a play in the theater. Her coachman took her to the theater in a coach. It was very cold. While she was watching the play, the poor coachman had to sit outside in the snow on the driver’s seat of the coach looking after the horse. Inside the theater, the lady was moved to tears by the performance. Some actors in the play were in extremely poor situations. She showed great pity on them. However, when she came out and saw the coachman covered with snow and almost frozen to death, she just considered it as a normal part of life. Nowadays, whenever I see people in terrible situations on TV, I feel sad, wishing that I could do something to make a difference. But I often ignore people and things around me, like people who struggle with life. They lose their jobs, experience death in their family or suffer diseases. Help those as you can. This is the story. Is there anyone who can share something you read during the holidays in class?
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满37.5分)
A
When you are about to go to a boarding school in England, there are many different questions that may come to mind. But once you look at them with some perspective, you will certainly feel easy. Here is a normal boarding day.
Early Morning:
Usually boarders get up around 7: 00 am and have around an hour to take a shower and put on their uniform before breakfast.
Lessons:
Classes start at 9: 00 am and every lesson lasts for 50 minutes. After two lessons, at 10: 40 am, you’ll have a short break. The next period of classes will include two more lessons.
Lunch:
Lunch is usually held around 12: 30 pm at the dining hall, where you’ll join your friends to enjoy a hot dish. After an hour of lunch, you’ll have three or four more lessons to attend.
Dinner:
At 5: 00 pm you will have finished your school lessons for the day. Most boarding schools in the UK offer their full boarders different kinds of hot meals to choose from.
Activities/ Sports:
All boarding schools in the UK provide many different kinds of activities for their boarders, such as football, swimming, golf or art.
Prep:
An important part of boarding school life is the supervised homework session known as “prep”. Although prep might sound stressful, it’s a great way for you to keep up with your studies.
Free time:
Once you are done with all your classes and activities, it’s time to relax.
Bedtime:
In most boarding schools, the lights go out around 10: 30 pm.
Being nervous just before you go to a boarding school is completely normal and understandable. Hopefully, being aware of the usual routine you’ll be following can help you. Once you are there, you will also see how exciting life in a boarding school in England can be.
21. What do we know about boarding schools in England from the text?
A. Classes usually start at 8: 30 am.
B. They don’t give students any free time.
C. They turn off the lights around 10:30 pm.
D. Students can have a short break after four lessons.
22. What can help you keep up with your studies in the boarding school?
A. Doing activities. B. Having lessons.
C Enjoying free time. D. Supervised homework sessions.
23. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To help students know about boarders’ life.
B. To attract more students to boarding schools.
C. To introduce a new school life.
D. To advertise for boarding schools.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍在英国寄宿学校里学习和生活的日常。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bedtime部分“In most boarding schools, the lights go out around 10: 30 pm.”(在大多数寄宿学校，晚上10:30左右熄灯。)可知，在英国，大多数寄宿学校晚上10:30左右熄灯。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prep部分“An important part of boarding school life is the supervised homework session known as “prep”. Although prep might sound stressful, it’s a great way for you to keep up with your studies.”(寄宿学校生活的一个重要部分是被称为“准备”的有监督的家庭作业。虽然备考可能听起来很有压力，但这是你跟上学习进度的好方法。)可知，在寄宿学校，要想跟上学习进度，最重要部分是被称为“准备”的有监督的家庭作业。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When you are about to go to a boarding school in England, there are many different questions that may come to mind. But once you look at them with some perspective, you will certainly feel easy. Here is a normal boarding day.”(当你要去英国的寄宿学校时，可能会想到很多不同的问题。但一旦你从某种角度看待它们，你肯定会感到轻松。接下来是寄宿学校正常的一天。)可知，这篇文章的目的是帮助读者了解英国寄宿学校里学习和生活的日常。故选A。
B
Lindsay couldn’t go to her gym after Beijing shut down indoor sports facilities in May because of a coronavirus outbreak. So she started cycling and soon fell in love with the sport. “I realized a racing bicycle was quite different from a regular bike” she said. “It’s very fast and exciting, and I couldn’t stop anymore.”
Bicycles have long been a means of transport in China and once outnumbered cars on city streets. Now cycling is also increasingly seen as a sport by the urban middle class that has benefited from China’s growth into the world’s second largest economy. Biking events organized by Beijing cycling club Qiyi totaled about 10,000 participants over the past year, with about 50% of them regulars. Nationwide, at least 20 million people are participating in the sport, according to the Chinese Cycling Association.
The pandemic has played a role, with authorities moving quickly to close non-essential businesses, including gyms, during outbreaks under a strict zero-COVID approach. Cycling, which can be done individually as well as in groups, has largely been free from restrictions that limit gathering. For cyclist Yang Lan, the reason why she loves cycling is that the sport provides an escape from the daily life in the coronavirus era. “With the pandemic, it seems to be the only way for us to run away from the terrible city life and pace,” she said.
People will have more choices for sports and entertainment when the pandemic is over. But Feng Baozhong, the vice president of the Chinese Cycling Association says that he expects cycling to remain popular. Because it’s driven by China’s growing economy, growth of the sports industry and increasing concern about health due to COVID-19. “The pursuit of health will not disappear,” he said, “and the popularity of cycling is also a sign of the public’s awareness of environmental protection and pursuit of a low-carbon lifestyle.”
24. How many people in the Qiyi club take part in cycling activities regularly?
A. More than 10,000. B. Around 10,000.
C. Around 5,000. D. Around 20,000,000.
25. Why does Yang Lan love cycling?
A. She enjoys cycling alone.
B. She likes participating in cycling activities.
C She can get a break from the city life.
D. She saves money by riding to work.
26. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A. People are paying more attention to health issues.
B. China’s economy is getting worse due to the pandemic.
C. The sports industry is in crisis during the lockdown.
D. Other sports will replace cycling when the pandemic is over.
27. What is the most suitable title for the passage?
A. Pandemic Harms Cycling B. Pandemic Fuels Cycling
C. Cycling Boosts Sports Industry D. Cycling Means a Low-carbon Lifestyle
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。在新冠疫情背景下，当局在疫情暴发期间关闭包括健身房在内的非必要企业，这促使更多的人爱上了自行车骑行运动。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Biking events organized by Beijing cycling club Qiyi totaled about 10,000 participants over the past year, with about 50% of them regulars.”（在过去的一年里，由北京自行车俱乐部奇艺组织的自行车活动共有约10000名参与者，其中约50%是常客）可知，奇艺俱乐部约5000（10000*50%）人定期参加自行车活动。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“For cyclist Yang Lan, the reason why she loves cycling is that the sport provides an escape from the daily life in the coronavirus era.”（对于自行车运动员杨兰来说，她之所以喜欢骑自行车，是因为这项运动提供了一种逃离冠状病毒时代日常生活的方式）可知，杨兰喜欢骑自行车是因为她可以从城市生活中得到休息。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第三句“Because it’s driven by China’s growing economy, growth of the sports industry and increasing concern about health due to COVID-19.”（因为这是由中国经济的增长、体育产业的增长以及新冠肺炎引起的对健康的日益关注所推动的）推知，人们越来越关注健康问题。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Lindsay couldn’t go to her gym after Beijing shut down indoor sports facilities in May because of a coronavirus outbreak.”（5月，由于冠状病毒爆发，北京关闭了室内体育设施，林赛无法去健身房）和第三段第一句“The pandemic has played a role, with authorities moving quickly to close non-essential businesses, including gyms, during outbreaks under a strict zero-COVID approach.”（疫情起到了一定作用，当局在严格的0-COVID方法下，迅速采取行动，在疫情暴发期间关闭包括健身房在内的非必要企业）以及第三段最后一句中的“With the pandemic, it seems to be the only way for us to run away from the terrible city life and pace”（随着疫情，这似乎是我们逃离可怕的城市生活和节奏的唯一途径）可知，文章主要是讲在新冠疫情的背景下，越来越多的人爱上了自行车骑行运动。B项“疫情增加骑行”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B。
C
Despite the fact that there has never been so much wealth or so many wealthy people in the world, many of the world’s poor people still live in material and energy poverty. Could you and I cut back on our consumption (消耗) so as to make some space for others to increase theirs?
I am sure we could. But, unfortunately, everything about our economic systems is set up to make us believe and behave otherwise. The default (默认) mindset is that there is nothing wrong with wanting ever newer and more expensive things as long as we can afford them.
Look around you for a moment. No society anywhere before lived like this. Further, since our spending must necessarily be someone else’s income, we tell ourselves that we actually make the world a better place every time we buy another pair of shoes or trade in a car for the latest model. And that’s the tug (拉) of war that plays itself out cruelly in our lives, as one side of our age cries out “less”, and from the other side comes the answering cry “more”.
Of course, wanting to live a better life is deeply ingrained in human nature. Otherwise, we would never have generated the progress that has brought us to our present station.
But now we should think deeply about how and why we consume.
After all, even the earliest thinkers in the history of economic—including Adam Smith—thought, having more does not always translate into being happier. Evidence shows that many people in the developing world, despite being hard-up, report being just as happy as those in the materially rich societies of the West.
So what now? The answer, perhaps, is to try to be rich in the enjoyment of things, not in the accumulation (堆积) of them. A pair of good shoes, lightly creased (起皱) but also carefully polished (擦亮) once a month a meal cooked at home instead of a trip to McDonald’s—such as these lie our act of saving from the virus of compulsive (强迫性的) consumption.
28. What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?
A. People tend to buy things unreasonably.
B. People refuse to cut down on consumption.
C. People all face material and energy poverty.
D. People believe in political and economic systems.
29. What does the underlined word “ingrained” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Held. B. Rooted. C. Changed. D. Possessed.
30. What does the author suggest?
A. Trying to be rich. B. The more, the better.
C. Enjoying what we have. D. Focusing on the compulsive consumption.
31. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Education. D. Economy.
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了当今人们的消费方式，分析了原因和趋势，并倡议人们摆脱强制消费，做到理性消费。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Could you and I cut back on our consumption(消耗)so as to make some space for others to increase theirs?(你和我能不能减少我们的消费，为其他人增加消费腾出空间？)”以及第二段中“But, unfortunately, everything about our economic systems is set up to make us believe and behave otherwise. The default(默认)mindset is that there is nothing wrong with wanting ever newer and more expensive things as long as we can afford them.(但不幸的是，我们的经济体系的一切都是为了让我们相信并采取相反的行动。默认的心态是，只要我们能负担得起，想要更新、更昂贵的东西没有错)”可知，前两段中提出了让大家减少消费的倡议，但由于受到些观念的影响，人们觉得只要支付得起，想消费更新、更贵的东西是没错的。由此推知，人们倾向于不理性地消费。故选A。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线词后面的句子“Otherwise, we would never have generated the progress that has brought us to our present station.(否则，我们就永远不可能取得使我们走到现在这一步的进步)”可知，想过上更好的生活的想法在人们心中是根深蒂固的，否则我们永远不可能取得当下如此大的进步。由此可知ingrained意为“扎根；使根深蒂固”。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。作者在最后一段“So what now? The answer, perhaps, is to try to be rich in the enjoyment of things, not in the accumulation (堆积) of them. A pair of good shoes, lightly creased (起皱) but also carefully polished (擦亮) once a month a meal cooked at home instead of a trip to MeDonald’s—such as these lie our act of saving from the virus of compulsive (强迫性的) consumption.(那么现在呢?答案也许是，要在享受事物的过程中变得富有，而不是在积累事物的过程中变得富有。一双好鞋，有轻微的折痕，但也要每月擦一次，在家做一顿饭，而不是去麦当劳——这就是我们从强迫性消费病毒中拯救出来的行为)”推知，作者建议大家要试着尽情享受已有的物品，而非不断地囤积商品，即“享受我们所拥有的东西”。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了当今人们的消费方式，分析了原因和趋势，并倡议人们理性消费，由此可知，本文应该是出自报纸的经济板块。故选D。
D
For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help lessen the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. In a paper published inTrends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a professor in Australia, shows that is already happening. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance beak (喙) size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Similar trends are seen in species of mice and bats growing bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.
All that fits nicely with evolutionary (进化的) theory. “Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附加物) than those in mild areas. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to get rid of additional heal. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.
Ryding’s team combined data from different species in different places. Now that they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.
Honestly, studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise stay for essentially forever.
32. Why do some species grow bigger parts of their body?
A. They are following the new trends.
B. They have to adapt to warmer climate.
C. Scientists need them to do experiments.
D. Larger parts tend to help them feed well.
33. Where may warm-blooded animals have bigger body parts?
A. In mild areas. B. In hot places.
C. In the Arctic. D. In deserted regions.
34. What do we know about the change in animals from the last two paragraphs?
A. It comes at a cost.
B. Its cause is definite.
C. It happens in the same habitat.
D. Its process will end soon.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Living on a Warming Planet
B. Measures to Remove Heat
C. Pioneering Research on Animals
D. Evolution to Survive Heat
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了全球变暖的影响可以在动物身上看到，数百种物种显示出适应气候变暖的迹象。文章具体叙述了气候变化与进化的联系。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. ”(动物将不得不依靠改变自己的身体或行为。)可知，有些物种长得更大是因为它们必须适应更温暖的气候。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages(附加物) than those in mild areas. ”(“艾伦法则”是以乔·艾伦的名字命名的，他在1877年提出了这个观点，认为生活在炎热地区的温血动物往往比生活在温和地区的温血动物有更大的附肢。)可知，温血动物在炎热的地方可能有更大的身体部位。故选B项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.”(任何进化适应都需要权衡取舍，目前尚不清楚这一过程可能会走多远。例如，较大的喙可能会妨碍进食。更大的翅膀更重，更大的腿需要更多的能量才能成长。)可知，动物的变化是有代价的。故选A项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. ”(动物将不得不依靠改变自己的身体或行为。)以及全文大意，本文主要讲述了全球变暖的影响可以在动物身上看到，数百种物种显示出适应气候变暖的迹象。文章具体叙述了气候变化与进化的联系。D项“Evolution to Survive Heat（在高温下生存的进化）”符合题意。故选D项。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
A food additive is any substance that is added to food. Many people are put off by the idea of “chemicals in food”. ___36___Natural substances like milk, as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market, can be described by chemical formulas.
The things we eat can be divided into natural and man-made substances. Some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made ingredients are to be avoided. ___37___And some laboratory-made substances increase the nutritional value of food. Other chemicals have natural and man-made forms that are exactly alike: vitamin C is vitamin C, whether it comes from a test tube or from an orange. Like “chemical”, “man-made” doesn’t necessarily mean “not fit to eat”.
___38___We add sugar and salt and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better. Food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize, thicken, harden, keep wet, keep firm, or improve the appearance of their products. Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious, and give it a longer shelf life. ___39___
Food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument.Food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe.___40___ Many people feel there’s a risk of eating food to which anything has been added.But food additives are now regulated by the FDA of the federal government, and new additives are subjected to strict testing before they can be placed on the market.For most people, the chances of developing serious side effects from the long-term use of presently approved food additives are very slim.
A. Food additives are used for many reasons．
B. The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals．
C. It pays to avoid food additives and eat only wholefoods．
D. Of course, they make it more attractive to the consumer．
E. But many natural chemicals, found in plants and animals, are harmful when eaten．
F. Some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the market.
G. Food additives are substances that become part of a food product when they are added during the processing or making of that food．
【答案】36. B 37. E 38. A 39. D 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述所有的食物都是由化学物质组成的，都含有化学成分，但是它的副作用是非常小的，是经过政府食品药品监督管理局的管理的，所以完全可以放心食用。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Many people are put off by the idea of “chemicals in food”.(许多人对“食品中含有化学物质”的概念感到反感)”以及后文“Natural substances like milk, as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market, can be described by chemical formulas.(像牛奶这样的天然物质，以及像市场上销售的饮料这样的人造物质，都可以用化学公式来描述)”可知，空处应是过渡句，由对食品中含有化学物质反感，到事实上所有食物可以用化学公式来描述，所以B项“The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals.(事实上，所有的食物都是由化学物质组成的)”符合文意。故选B项。
【37题详解】
根据前文“The things we eat can be divided into natural and man-made substances.Some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made ingredients are to be avoided.(我们吃的东西可以分为天然物质和人造物质。有些人认为只有天然食品才是健康的，所有的人造成分都应该避免)”以及后文“And some laboratory-made substances increase the nutritional value of food.(一些实验室制造的物质增加了食物的营养价值)”可知，空处应是转折，一些人认为只有天然食品才是健康的，到人造的其实也有好处，所以E项“But many natural chemicals, found in plants and animals, are harmful when eaten.(但是，在植物和动物中发现的许多天然化学物质在食用后是有害的)”符合文意。故选E项。
【38题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“We add sugar and salt and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better.Food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize, thicken, harden, keep wet, keep firm, or improve the appearance of their products.(我们在家里准备的食物中加入糖、盐和其他东西，让它们尝起来更好吃。食品生产商已经开发出一系列添加剂来稳定、增稠、硬化、保持湿润、保持坚固或改善产品的外观)”可知，本段讲述了食品生产商添加添加剂的原因，所以A项“Food additives are used for many reasons.(食品添加剂的使用有很多原因)”符合文意。故选A项。
【39题详解】
分析设空，空处位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious, and give it a longer shelf life.(添加剂可以使食品更方便或更有营养，并使其保质期更长)”可知，D项“Of course, they make it more attractive to the consumer.(当然，他们让它对消费者更有吸引力)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选D项。
【40题详解】
根据前文“Food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument.Food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe.(食品添加剂目前是一场激烈争论的中心。众所周知，食品生产商使用的添加剂未经证明是安全的)”可知，本段是讲述，食品添加剂的安全性未经验证，所以F项“Some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the market.(一些常用的物质已被证明是不安全的，已被撤出市场)”符合语境，承接上文。故选F项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Hearing the notes coming from the other side of the wall, Giorgio was moved. This was our way of saying “I don't know who you are, but I'm here. You're not ______41______.”
It turned out his neighbor's name was Emil and he was 78 years old, _____42_____ from Poland. His wife had _____43_____ in December from COVID-19 and the _____44_____ in which he was staying was a temporary accommodation until he would sell his house. The only comfort left to Emil was his _____45_____. The reason he was playing at 2 p.m. every weekend and also duetting (二重奏) at that time with Giorgio was because of his _____46_____.
“When I wrote the song—Dear Emil, I started _____47_____ Emil's life. A 78 widower that lost the love of his life because of this stupid ______48______. Spending days alone at home due to lockdown, playing her favorite piano song every weekend, until a _____49_____ appeared on his door, one which read you are _____50_____, and not alone. And a new friendship started, two pianos between a wall. Although they didn't know who was playing, it didn't _____51_____ . You can be the _____52_____ to somebody else's darkness.” said Giorgio.
Giorgio shared on March 14th that he’d received _____53_____ that Emil had left the world forever in his sleep: “And now he is _____54_____ his wife.” “Dear Emil,” he wrote. “I knew little about you, but you _____55_____ my life. You gave me back my passion, believing music can be powerful.”
41. A. unique B. awake C. alone D. accompanied
42. A. originally B. eventually C. typically D. regularly
43. A. got sick B. passed away C. got injured D. passed by
44. A. hospital B. store C. firm D. apartment
45. A. piano B. violin C. photo D. instrument
46. A. wife B. friend C. mother D. daughter
47. A. describing B. picturing C. admiring D. predicting
48. A. hurt B. challenge C. virus D. war
49. A. tap B. knock C. call D. note
50. A. heard B. seen C. felt D. smelled
51. A. doubt B. affect C. matter D. conflict
52. A. object B. light C. trouble D. worry
53. A. order B. instruction C. promise D. word
54. A. harmonious with B. similar to C. equal to D. reunited with
55. A. bettered B. disturbed C. changed D. confirmed
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。乔治在疫情封锁期间和隔壁邻居一起弹奏钢琴，这位邻居因为新冠疫情失去了自己的妻子，两人在封锁期间用琴声互相陪伴和倾听。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你不是一个人。A.unique独特的；B.awake醒着的；C.alone独自的；D.accompanied伴随的。根据前文“I don't know who you are, but I'm here”(我不知道你是谁，但我在这里)下文“ not alone”也是提示。可知，此处是讲你不是一个人。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：原来他的邻居名叫埃米尔，78岁，来自波兰。A.originally起初，原来；B.eventually最终；C.typically典型地，有代表性地；D.regularly定期地，有规律地。根据“from Poland”可知，此处是指埃米尔原本来自波兰。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：去年12月，他的妻子因新冠肺炎去世，他住的公寓是在他卖掉房子之前的临时住所。A.got sick生病；B.passed away去世；C.got injured受伤；D.passed by经过。根据后文“lost the love of his life”(失去了他一生的挚爱)可知，此处是指他的妻子因新冠肺炎去世。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年12月，他的妻子因新冠肺炎去世，他住的公寓是在他卖掉房子之前的临时住所。A.hospital医院；B.store商店；C.firm公司；D.apartment公寓。根据前文“his neighbor's name”(his neighbor's name)可知，此处是指他住的公寓。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃米尔唯一的安慰就是他的钢琴。A.piano钢琴；B.violin小提琴；C.photo照片；D.instrument乐器。根据后文“playing her favorite piano song every weekend”(每个周末弹奏她最喜欢的钢琴曲)可知，此处是指埃米尔唯一的安慰就是他的钢琴。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他之所以每个周末都在下午2点进行弹奏，并与乔治一起进行合奏，因为他想念妻子。A.wife妻子；B.friend朋友；C.mother妈妈；D.daughter女儿。根据上文“ His wife had in December from COVID-19”后文“playing her favorite piano song every weekend”可知，此处是指他是为了思念妻子而弹奏。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我写《亲爱的埃米尔》这首歌时，我开始想象埃米尔的生活。A.describing描述；B.picturing想象；C.admiring钦佩；D.predicting预测。根据后文“Spending days alone at home due to lockdown, playing her favorite piano song every weekend”(由于封锁，他每天都独自在家，每个周末都弹她最喜欢的钢琴曲)和“Although they didn't know who was playing”(虽然他们不知道是谁在弹奏)可知，此处是指想象埃米尔的生活。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个78岁的鳏夫因为这种愚蠢的病毒失去了挚爱。A.hurt伤害；B.challenge挑战；C.virus病毒；D.war战争。根据前文“from COVID-19”可知，此处是指因为这种愚蠢的病毒失去了挚爱。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因封锁而独自在家的日子里，每个周末都要弹奏她最喜欢的钢琴曲，直到他的门上出现了一个便条，写着“有人在听，你并不孤单”。A.tap轻拍；B.knock敲门；C.call打电话；D.note短笺，便条。根据“appeared on his door”和“one which read”可知，此处是指他的门上出现了一个便条。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因封锁而独自在家的日子里，每个周末都要弹奏她最喜欢的钢琴曲，直到他的门上出现了一个便条，写着“有人在听，你并不孤单”。A.heard听见；B.seen看见；C.felt感觉；D.smelled闻。根据后文“And a new friendship started, two pianos between a wall.”(一段新的友谊开始了，两架钢琴隔在一面墙之间。)可知，此处是指有人在听。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们不知道是谁在弹奏，但这并不重要。A.doubt怀疑；B.affect影响；C.matter重要；D.conflict冲突，抵触。根据前文“Although they didn't know who was playing”可知，此处是指这并不重要。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以成为别人黑暗中的一束光。A.object物体，实物；B.light光；C.trouble麻烦；D.worry担忧。根据“to somebody else's darkness”可知，你可以成为别人黑暗中的一束光。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：乔治在3月14日分享说，他收到了埃米尔在睡梦中永远离开这个世界的消息：“现在他和妻子团聚了。”A.order命令；B.instruction用法说明；C.promise承诺；D.word消息。根据“Emil had left the world forever in his sleep”可知，此处是指他收到了埃米尔在睡梦中永远离开这个世界的消息。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：乔治在3月14日分享说，他收到了埃米尔在睡梦中永远离开这个世界的消息：“现在他和妻子团聚了。”A.harmonious with与……和谐；B.similar to与……相似；C.equal to与……相等；D.reunited with与……团聚。根据“Emil had left the world forever in his sleep”可知，此处是指现在他和妻子团聚了。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对你知之甚少，但你改变了我的生活。A.bettered超过，胜过；B.disturbed打扰；C.changed改变；D.confirmed证实。根据“You gave me back my passion, believing music can be powerful”(你把我的热情还给了我，相信音乐可以带来力量)可知，此处是指你改变了“我”的生活。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(55分)
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Identity theft is arousing increasing attention from the public. This is a crime in ___56___ your private information___57___ (steal) by someone and is used in an illegal way. When the thief steals your identity, he often does fraud (诈骗) with that. He may get a credit card in your name and spend it ___58___ (careless) without paying the bills. He may get ___59___ driver’s license in your name, and you will be held responsible for the traffic accidents he causes．
Why is identity theft becoming so common? A gateway is offered for the identity theft by the ___60___ (popular) of the Internet and computers. And the wealth of private details people ___61___ (post) on social networks such as Facebook also makes it easier for identity thieves ___62___ (obtain) private information．
Many people are not aware ___63___ the problems caused by the crime. They wake up from their carefree attitude only when they become a victim and suffer the damages caused by the crime. There is no cure for identity theft except prevention. This is why ___64___ is of importance that every person should become cautious when ___65___ (use) the Internet．
【答案】56. which
57. is stolen
58. carelessly
59. a 60. popularity
61. post 62. to obtain
63. of 64. it
65. using
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。报道了身份盗窃正在引起公众越来越多的关注，以及可能造成的危害。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是一种犯罪，你的私人信息被某人窃取并以非法方式使用。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是crime，在从句中作介词in的宾语，用which引导。故填which。
【57题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：这是一种犯罪，你的私人信息被某人窃取并以非法方式使用。分析句子结构可知，steal作从句谓语，主语是your private information和steal之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据后文的is可知用一般现在时。故填is stolen。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：他可能会以你的名义办一张信用卡，挥霍无度而不付账单。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词spend，所以应该用副词修饰。故填carelessly。
【59题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他可能会以你的名义去领驾照，而你要为他造成的交通事故负责。，license是可数名词，此处只一个驾照，前应该用不定冠词修饰，driver为辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故填a。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：互联网和计算机的普及为身份盗窃提供了一个通道。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词the，所以空处应填名词，popular的名词形式是popularity。故填popularity。
【61题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：人们在Facebook等社交网络上发布的大量私人信息也使身份窃贼更容易获取私人信息。post是定语从句中的谓语，主语是people，两者间是主动关系，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填post。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：人们在Facebook等社交网络上发布的大量私人信息也使身份窃贼更容易获取私人信息。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定句型：谓语+it+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.意为“对于某人来说，做某事……”。故填to obtain。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：许多人没有意识到犯罪所造成的问题。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：be aware of意为“意识到”。故填of。
【64题详解】
考查代词。句意：这就是为什么每个人在使用互联网时都应该谨慎是很重要的。分析句子结构可知，本句that引导主语从句，所以空处应填形式主语it。故填it。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是为什么每个人在使用互联网时都应该谨慎是很重要的。空处应填非谓语动词和when构成时间状语，use和逻辑主语person之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填using。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 写作(满分15分)
根据下面提示，写一篇短文。
66. 假定你是李华，你的朋友Amy来信说她考试前总会出现各种焦虑症状。请给她写封回信，提供一些建议，如：制定切实可行的学习目标，合理安排时间，睡前听听轻音乐等。
注意： 1. 词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Amy,
I’m glad to hear from you.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I wish you the best!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Amy,
I’m glad to hear from you. I am writing to tell you some of my views on solving various anxiety symptoms. In fact, most of us feel nervous when taking an important exam.
First of all, I think it’s important for us to have a positive attitude towards exams. We needn’t worry too much about them. Secondly, we should study hard every day, make practical study goals and arrange your time reasonably. Besides, enough sleep can make us perform well in exams. Therefore, during the examination period, we should not stay up too late. We can also listen to light music before going to bed, which may help us have a good sleep.
I wish you the best!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友Amy写封回信，为解决她考试前的焦虑症状提供一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
看法：idea→view
紧张的：tense →nervous
此外：in addition→besides
帮助：assist→help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing to tell you some of my views on solving various anxiety symptoms.
拓展句：I am writing to tell you some of my views on solving various anxiety symptoms, which I hope will help you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In fact, most of us feel nervous when taking an important exam. (在when引导的时间状语中运用了省略)
【高分句型2】We can also listen to light music before going to bed, which may help us have a good sleep. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A New Addition to the Family
For the initial ten years of his life, Victor was the prince of the household. As he was an only child, his parents petted him and showered all their love and attention on him. Whatever toys his parents bought, they were always meant for him. Whatever food was in the refrigerator, there was no one to compete with him to polish it off first. Victor could leave his toys or books around the house with complete ease of mind, knowing that there was no one who would get their hands on his belongings and cause any damage.
However, all that was to change overnight when Victor’s parents brought back his new baby sister, Lina, from the hospital. With her rosy cheeks, wide open eyes and angelic smile, Lina caught the hearts of her parents, grandparents and relatives. Everyone focused their attention on the cute bunch of joy. Whenever she cried, her mother or father would rush to her bed. She simply cried because she wanted to be carried. There was little time left for Victor.
Now that Victor’s mother had his baby sister to take care of, she expected Victor himself to do most of the chores he can do. Victor was asked to clean his own room, iron his own school uniform and clean his own shoes. Before Lina’s arrival, he had never lifted a finger to help out with these tasks. The whole family also went out less because it was unhealthy to expose Lina to the bacteria(细菌) being in the outside world too often.
Victor felt neglected by his parents. He felt that they loved Lina more than him. As a result, he tried to attract his parents’ attention by becoming resistant. One evening, Victor’s parents were called up by his teacher because Victor had got into a fight at school. His teacher had noticed Victor’s behaviour and work attitude changing downwards in the past two months. Before that, he had been a model student.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Upon hearing the teacher’s feedback, Victor’s parents got lost in thought.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Victor realized that his parents still cared for him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Upon hearing the teacher’s feedback, Victor’s parents got lost in thought. Since their second child Linda was born, they have devoted all their attention to her. To some degree, they neglected victor’s feelings. After all, he wanted to share the love from parents with Linda. So they made a decision that they should treat the two children equally. Gradually, something changed in the family. After school Victor often found some delicious food and new toys on his desk. When he did his homework, his father came to his room and sat beside him, reading a book quietly, which made him comfortable and warm. At that time, his mother was taking care of his sister Linda. After he finished his homework, his mother asked him to play with Linda. Seeing her sweet smile, he felt so happy.
Victor realized that his parents still cared for him.So he was determined to help his parents take good care of his sister. Having finished his homework, he learned to clean their rooms and do all the chores that he could. While his mother was cooking, he played with his sister happily. He came to realize that he should take responsibility for the family because he grew up.
【解析】
【分析】本文以一个小男孩Victor的感受为线索展开，讲述了在Victor的妹妹Linda出生以后，父母将全部的注意力集中到她身上，这让他感到被忽略，因此他用对抗来引起父母的注意。最后父母也意识到这一点，就做出改变，让Victor重新感受到父母的爱。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到老师的反馈，父母陷入沉思”可知，第一段可描写父母对自己行为的反省。
②由第二段首句内容“Victor意识到父母仍旧关爱他”可知，第二段可描写Victor感受到父母仍旧爱他后的积极行动。
2.续写线索：沉思——反省——改变——陪孩子——感受到爱——回报
3.词汇激活
行为类
①全身心投入：devote all one’s attention to / put one’s heart into
②决定：make a decision/ make up one’s mind
③.照看：take care of / look after
情绪类
①感到高兴：feel happy/ feel pleased
②幸福地：happily / merrily
【点睛】[高分句型1]. So they made a decision that they should treat the two children equally.(运用同位语从句）
[高分句型2]. Having finished his homework, he learned to clean their rooms and do all the chores that he could. (运用现在分词作状语以及定语从句）
2022-2023 学年上学期三校联合考试(高 2024 届)
英语试题卷
(共 5 页，满分 150 分。考试时间 120 分钟。)
注意事项：
l. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第Ⅰ卷 选择题(95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15． B．￡9.15． C．￡9.18．
答案是 B。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman say about the dress?
A. It’s out of date. B. It’s cheap. C. It’s beautiful.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Look at this beautiful green dress. The original price was $300, but it only costs $150 now.
W: It may not seem expensive for you. But I don’t think so. And it’s a little old-fashioned. Let’s go to another store.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the woman probably talking to?
A. Her friend. B. Her coach. C. Her brother.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I gained 15 pounds after staying at home for a month.
M: Me, too. I think it’s just because our mom cooks very well.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman plan to do?
A. Handle her work. B. Go home. C. Pick up Mark.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Mark, I’m afraid I can’t have dinner with you tonight. My boss gave me some extra work, so I have to finish it first.
M: All right. I was going to pick you up. But I’m going home now.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the speakers see the film?
A. At 6:30 p.m. B. At 7:00 p.m. C. At 8:00 p.m.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Martin, tonight’s film will be on at 7:00 p.m. and at 8:00 p.m. What time do you prefer?
M: Well, we will have dinner in a restaurant at 6:30. To make sure we have enough time to enjoy the meal, we’d better choose the latter.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The man’s sister. B. A pet. C. An accident.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you see Coco? My sister and I can’t find her anywhere. I’m afraid that she’ll get hit by a car if she runs into the road.
W: You mean your little dog? No, I haven’t seen her.
第二节(共1 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What do we know about Jane?
A. She lost her umbrella. B. She can’t go to the party. C. She is fine now.
7. How did Jane go home last night?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Jane can’t come to the party tonight. Her mother told me that she had a fever and needed to rest at home.
M: What happened to her? She was fine yesterday.
W: Do you remember the rain last night? She forgot to take an umbrella. It was too late and there were no buses. So she walked home through the rain. But she didn’t expect it would rain hard on the way home. Then she had a fever last night.
M: Poor Jane. She should have taken a taxi!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. In which country did the man attend university?
A. Canada. B. Australia. C. America.
9. Where does the man’s mother probably work?
A. At an engineering firm. B. In a hospital. C. At a university.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Co-workers. C. Schoolmates.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【原文】W: I need more information from your side. Could you tell me something about yourself and your family?
M: OK. I was born in Canada and lived there until I graduated from high school. And then I majored in Computer Science at a university in the United States. After graduation, I hoped to live in Australia. So I came here. As to my family, my father is a civil engineer and my mother is a doctor. Both of my sisters are teaching at universities.
W: What made you decide to get into Computer Science?
M: Well, I just like it.
W: That’s good. I’ll let you know the result next week.
M: Thank you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Where does the conversation take place?
A. On the phone. B. In the man’s house. C. In the company.
12. How much will the woman pay for the rent per month?
A. $650. B. $700. C. $750.
13. For what does the woman have to pay herself?
A. The TV.
B. The furniture.
C. The water and electricity.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, this is Francis Smith speaking. Who is calling please?
W: Hi, Mr. Smith. This is Crystal speaking. I want to know about the room for rent advertised in today’s newspaper. Is it still available? And how much is the monthly rent?
M: Yes. It’s $750 per month.
W: It’s a little expensive for me. Can you come down a little bit?
M: Mmm... If you rent it for a year, I’ll give you a discount of $50 a month.
W: All right. I will rent it for a year. Do you have all the furniture?
M: Yes. I’ll pay the property fees and the cable TV, but you have to pay the water and electricity fees yourself.
W: OK. Can I have a look tomorrow morning?
M: Yes, you can.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What is Linda going to do this afternoon?
A. Go to the dentist. B. Date with the man. C. Go to the supermarket.
15. What day is it today?
A Monday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
16. What does Linda ask the man to do?
A. Have his teeth examined. B. Brush his teeth twice a day. C. Eat less dessert.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Linda. I’m going to the supermarket. Do you want to go with me?
W: I’m afraid not. I have an appointment with my dentist this afternoon.
M: What’s wrong with your teeth?
W: I’ve had a toothache these days. The dentist checked my teeth on Monday and asked me to come back for a review on Thursday.
M: I see. Do you feel better now?
W: Much better. The doctor advised me to cut down on sweets. Actually, I’m not interested in them. I remember you like dessert. You really should eat less. It’s bad for your teeth. And now I know the importance of brushing teeth every day.
M: Can I go with you? I also want to have my teeth examined.
W: Sure. Let me start the car first.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Who is probably the speaker?
A. A reporter. B. A teacher. C. A writer.
18. What did the coachman do outside the theater?
A. He read a book. B. He looked after the horse. C. He enjoyed the snow.
19. How did the young lady feel about the coachman’s situation?
A. Sad. B. Moved. C. Casual.
20. What does the speaker want to tell us?
A. Help those around us as much as we can.
B. Read as many books as we can.
C. Be grateful for what we have.
【答案】17. B 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】 W: I read a story in a book the other day. It showed something important and I wanted to share it with you. The story was set in the years before cars were invented, so the rich had to travel in coaches. One day, a young lady wanted to watch a play in the theater. Her coachman took her to the theater in a coach. It was very cold. While she was watching the play, the poor coachman had to sit outside in the snow on the driver’s seat of the coach looking after the horse. Inside the theater, the lady was moved to tears by the performance. Some actors in the play were in extremely poor situations. She showed great pity on them. However, when she came out and saw the coachman covered with snow and almost frozen to death, she just considered it as a normal part of life. Nowadays, whenever I see people in terrible situations on TV, I feel sad, wishing that I could do something to make a difference. But I often ignore people and things around me, like people who struggle with life. They lose their jobs, experience death in their family or suffer diseases. Help those as you can. This is the story. Is there anyone who can share something you read during the holidays in class?
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满37.5分)
A
When you are about to go to a boarding school in England, there are many different questions that may come to mind. But once you look at them with some perspective, you will certainly feel easy. Here is a normal boarding day.
Early Morning:
Usually boarders get up around 7: 00 am and have around an hour to take a shower and put on their uniform before breakfast.
Lessons:
Classes start at 9: 00 am and every lesson lasts for 50 minutes. After two lessons, at 10: 40 am, you’ll have a short break. The next period of classes will include two more lessons.
Lunch:
Lunch is usually held around 12: 30 pm at the dining hall, where you’ll join your friends to enjoy a hot dish. After an hour of lunch, you’ll have three or four more lessons to attend.
Dinner:
At 5: 00 pm you will have finished your school lessons for the day. Most boarding schools in the UK offer their full boarders different kinds of hot meals to choose from.
Activities/ Sports:
All boarding schools in the UK provide many different kinds of activities for their boarders, such as football, swimming, golf or art.
Prep:
An important part of boarding school life is the supervised homework session known as “prep”. Although prep might sound stressful, it’s a great way for you to keep up with your studies.
Free time:
Once you are done with all your classes and activities, it’s time to relax.
Bedtime:
In most boarding schools, the lights go out around 10: 30 pm.
Being nervous just before you go to a boarding school is completely normal and understandable. Hopefully, being aware of the usual routine you’ll be following can help you. Once you are there, you will also see how exciting life in a boarding school in England can be.
21. What do we know about boarding schools in England from the text?
A. Classes usually start at 8: 30 am.
B. They don’t give students any free time.
C. They turn off the lights around 10:30 pm.
D. Students can have a short break after four lessons.
22. What can help you keep up with your studies in the boarding school?
A. Doing activities. B. Having lessons.
C Enjoying free time. D. Supervised homework sessions.
23. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To help students know about boarders’ life.
B. To attract more students to boarding schools.
C. To introduce a new school life.
D. To advertise for boarding schools.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍在英国寄宿学校里学习和生活的日常。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bedtime部分“In most boarding schools, the lights go out around 10: 30 pm.”(在大多数寄宿学校，晚上10:30左右熄灯。)可知，在英国，大多数寄宿学校晚上10:30左右熄灯。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prep部分“An important part of boarding school life is the supervised homework session known as “prep”. Although prep might sound stressful, it’s a great way for you to keep up with your studies.”(寄宿学校生活的一个重要部分是被称为“准备”的有监督的家庭作业。虽然备考可能听起来很有压力，但这是你跟上学习进度的好方法。)可知，在寄宿学校，要想跟上学习进度，最重要部分是被称为“准备”的有监督的家庭作业。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When you are about to go to a boarding school in England, there are many different questions that may come to mind. But once you look at them with some perspective, you will certainly feel easy. Here is a normal boarding day.”(当你要去英国的寄宿学校时，可能会想到很多不同的问题。但一旦你从某种角度看待它们，你肯定会感到轻松。接下来是寄宿学校正常的一天。)可知，这篇文章的目的是帮助读者了解英国寄宿学校里学习和生活的日常。故选A。
B
Lindsay couldn’t go to her gym after Beijing shut down indoor sports facilities in May because of a coronavirus outbreak. So she started cycling and soon fell in love with the sport. “I realized a racing bicycle was quite different from a regular bike” she said. “It’s very fast and exciting, and I couldn’t stop anymore.”
Bicycles have long been a means of transport in China and once outnumbered cars on city streets. Now cycling is also increasingly seen as a sport by the urban middle class that has benefited from China’s growth into the world’s second largest economy. Biking events organized by Beijing cycling club Qiyi totaled about 10,000 participants over the past year, with about 50% of them regulars. Nationwide, at least 20 million people are participating in the sport, according to the Chinese Cycling Association.
The pandemic has played a role, with authorities moving quickly to close non-essential businesses, including gyms, during outbreaks under a strict zero-COVID approach. Cycling, which can be done individually as well as in groups, has largely been free from restrictions that limit gathering. For cyclist Yang Lan, the reason why she loves cycling is that the sport provides an escape from the daily life in the coronavirus era. “With the pandemic, it seems to be the only way for us to run away from the terrible city life and pace,” she said.
People will have more choices for sports and entertainment when the pandemic is over. But Feng Baozhong, the vice president of the Chinese Cycling Association says that he expects cycling to remain popular. Because it’s driven by China’s growing economy, growth of the sports industry and increasing concern about health due to COVID-19. “The pursuit of health will not disappear,” he said, “and the popularity of cycling is also a sign of the public’s awareness of environmental protection and pursuit of a low-carbon lifestyle.”
24. How many people in the Qiyi club take part in cycling activities regularly?
A. More than 10,000. B. Around 10,000.
C. Around 5,000. D. Around 20,000,000.
25. Why does Yang Lan love cycling?
A. She enjoys cycling alone.
B. She likes participating in cycling activities.
C She can get a break from the city life.
D. She saves money by riding to work.
26. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A. People are paying more attention to health issues.
B. China’s economy is getting worse due to the pandemic.
C. The sports industry is in crisis during the lockdown.
D. Other sports will replace cycling when the pandemic is over.
27. What is the most suitable title for the passage?
A. Pandemic Harms Cycling B. Pandemic Fuels Cycling
C. Cycling Boosts Sports Industry D. Cycling Means a Low-carbon Lifestyle
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。在新冠疫情背景下，当局在疫情暴发期间关闭包括健身房在内的非必要企业，这促使更多的人爱上了自行车骑行运动。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Biking events organized by Beijing cycling club Qiyi totaled about 10,000 participants over the past year, with about 50% of them regulars.”（在过去的一年里，由北京自行车俱乐部奇艺组织的自行车活动共有约10000名参与者，其中约50%是常客）可知，奇艺俱乐部约5000（10000*50%）人定期参加自行车活动。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“For cyclist Yang Lan, the reason why she loves cycling is that the sport provides an escape from the daily life in the coronavirus era.”（对于自行车运动员杨兰来说，她之所以喜欢骑自行车，是因为这项运动提供了一种逃离冠状病毒时代日常生活的方式）可知，杨兰喜欢骑自行车是因为她可以从城市生活中得到休息。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第三句“Because it’s driven by China’s growing economy, growth of the sports industry and increasing concern about health due to COVID-19.”（因为这是由中国经济的增长、体育产业的增长以及新冠肺炎引起的对健康的日益关注所推动的）推知，人们越来越关注健康问题。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Lindsay couldn’t go to her gym after Beijing shut down indoor sports facilities in May because of a coronavirus outbreak.”（5月，由于冠状病毒爆发，北京关闭了室内体育设施，林赛无法去健身房）和第三段第一句“The pandemic has played a role, with authorities moving quickly to close non-essential businesses, including gyms, during outbreaks under a strict zero-COVID approach.”（疫情起到了一定作用，当局在严格的0-COVID方法下，迅速采取行动，在疫情暴发期间关闭包括健身房在内的非必要企业）以及第三段最后一句中的“With the pandemic, it seems to be the only way for us to run away from the terrible city life and pace”（随着疫情，这似乎是我们逃离可怕的城市生活和节奏的唯一途径）可知，文章主要是讲在新冠疫情的背景下，越来越多的人爱上了自行车骑行运动。B项“疫情增加骑行”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B。
C
Despite the fact that there has never been so much wealth or so many wealthy people in the world, many of the world’s poor people still live in material and energy poverty. Could you and I cut back on our consumption (消耗) so as to make some space for others to increase theirs?
I am sure we could. But, unfortunately, everything about our economic systems is set up to make us believe and behave otherwise. The default (默认) mindset is that there is nothing wrong with wanting ever newer and more expensive things as long as we can afford them.
Look around you for a moment. No society anywhere before lived like this. Further, since our spending must necessarily be someone else’s income, we tell ourselves that we actually make the world a better place every time we buy another pair of shoes or trade in a car for the latest model. And that’s the tug (拉) of war that plays itself out cruelly in our lives, as one side of our age cries out “less”, and from the other side comes the answering cry “more”.
Of course, wanting to live a better life is deeply ingrained in human nature. Otherwise, we would never have generated the progress that has brought us to our present station.
But now we should think deeply about how and why we consume.
After all, even the earliest thinkers in the history of economic—including Adam Smith—thought, having more does not always translate into being happier. Evidence shows that many people in the developing world, despite being hard-up, report being just as happy as those in the materially rich societies of the West.
So what now? The answer, perhaps, is to try to be rich in the enjoyment of things, not in the accumulation (堆积) of them. A pair of good shoes, lightly creased (起皱) but also carefully polished (擦亮) once a month a meal cooked at home instead of a trip to McDonald’s—such as these lie our act of saving from the virus of compulsive (强迫性的) consumption.
28. What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?
A. People tend to buy things unreasonably.
B. People refuse to cut down on consumption.
C. People all face material and energy poverty.
D. People believe in political and economic systems.
29. What does the underlined word “ingrained” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Held. B. Rooted. C. Changed. D. Possessed.
30. What does the author suggest?
A. Trying to be rich. B. The more, the better.
C. Enjoying what we have. D. Focusing on the compulsive consumption.
31. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Education. D. Economy.
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了当今人们的消费方式，分析了原因和趋势，并倡议人们摆脱强制消费，做到理性消费。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Could you and I cut back on our consumption(消耗)so as to make some space for others to increase theirs?(你和我能不能减少我们的消费，为其他人增加消费腾出空间？)”以及第二段中“But, unfortunately, everything about our economic systems is set up to make us believe and behave otherwise. The default(默认)mindset is that there is nothing wrong with wanting ever newer and more expensive things as long as we can afford them.(但不幸的是，我们的经济体系的一切都是为了让我们相信并采取相反的行动。默认的心态是，只要我们能负担得起，想要更新、更昂贵的东西没有错)”可知，前两段中提出了让大家减少消费的倡议，但由于受到些观念的影响，人们觉得只要支付得起，想消费更新、更贵的东西是没错的。由此推知，人们倾向于不理性地消费。故选A。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线词后面的句子“Otherwise, we would never have generated the progress that has brought us to our present station.(否则，我们就永远不可能取得使我们走到现在这一步的进步)”可知，想过上更好的生活的想法在人们心中是根深蒂固的，否则我们永远不可能取得当下如此大的进步。由此可知ingrained意为“扎根；使根深蒂固”。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。作者在最后一段“So what now? The answer, perhaps, is to try to be rich in the enjoyment of things, not in the accumulation (堆积) of them. A pair of good shoes, lightly creased (起皱) but also carefully polished (擦亮) once a month a meal cooked at home instead of a trip to MeDonald’s—such as these lie our act of saving from the virus of compulsive (强迫性的) consumption.(那么现在呢?答案也许是，要在享受事物的过程中变得富有，而不是在积累事物的过程中变得富有。一双好鞋，有轻微的折痕，但也要每月擦一次，在家做一顿饭，而不是去麦当劳——这就是我们从强迫性消费病毒中拯救出来的行为)”推知，作者建议大家要试着尽情享受已有的物品，而非不断地囤积商品，即“享受我们所拥有的东西”。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了当今人们的消费方式，分析了原因和趋势，并倡议人们理性消费，由此可知，本文应该是出自报纸的经济板块。故选D。
D
For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help lessen the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. In a paper published inTrends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a professor in Australia, shows that is already happening. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance beak (喙) size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Similar trends are seen in species of mice and bats growing bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.
All that fits nicely with evolutionary (进化的) theory. “Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附加物) than those in mild areas. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to get rid of additional heal. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.
Ryding’s team combined data from different species in different places. Now that they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.
Honestly, studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise stay for essentially forever.
32. Why do some species grow bigger parts of their body?
A. They are following the new trends.
B. They have to adapt to warmer climate.
C. Scientists need them to do experiments.
D. Larger parts tend to help them feed well.
33. Where may warm-blooded animals have bigger body parts?
A. In mild areas. B. In hot places.
C. In the Arctic. D. In deserted regions.
34. What do we know about the change in animals from the last two paragraphs?
A. It comes at a cost.
B. Its cause is definite.
C. It happens in the same habitat.
D. Its process will end soon.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Living on a Warming Planet
B. Measures to Remove Heat
C. Pioneering Research on Animals
D. Evolution to Survive Heat
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了全球变暖的影响可以在动物身上看到，数百种物种显示出适应气候变暖的迹象。文章具体叙述了气候变化与进化的联系。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. ”(动物将不得不依靠改变自己的身体或行为。)可知，有些物种长得更大是因为它们必须适应更温暖的气候。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““Allen’s rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages(附加物) than those in mild areas. ”(“艾伦法则”是以乔·艾伦的名字命名的，他在1877年提出了这个观点，认为生活在炎热地区的温血动物往往比生活在温和地区的温血动物有更大的附肢。)可知，温血动物在炎热的地方可能有更大的身体部位。故选B项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.”(任何进化适应都需要权衡取舍，目前尚不清楚这一过程可能会走多远。例如，较大的喙可能会妨碍进食。更大的翅膀更重，更大的腿需要更多的能量才能成长。)可知，动物的变化是有代价的。故选A项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. ”(动物将不得不依靠改变自己的身体或行为。)以及全文大意，本文主要讲述了全球变暖的影响可以在动物身上看到，数百种物种显示出适应气候变暖的迹象。文章具体叙述了气候变化与进化的联系。D项“Evolution to Survive Heat（在高温下生存的进化）”符合题意。故选D项。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
A food additive is any substance that is added to food. Many people are put off by the idea of “chemicals in food”. ___36___Natural substances like milk, as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market, can be described by chemical formulas.
The things we eat can be divided into natural and man-made substances. Some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made ingredients are to be avoided. ___37___And some laboratory-made substances increase the nutritional value of food. Other chemicals have natural and man-made forms that are exactly alike: vitamin C is vitamin C, whether it comes from a test tube or from an orange. Like “chemical”, “man-made” doesn’t necessarily mean “not fit to eat”.
___38___We add sugar and salt and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better. Food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize, thicken, harden, keep wet, keep firm, or improve the appearance of their products. Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious, and give it a longer shelf life. ___39___
Food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument.Food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe.___40___ Many people feel there’s a risk of eating food to which anything has been added.But food additives are now regulated by the FDA of the federal government, and new additives are subjected to strict testing before they can be placed on the market.For most people, the chances of developing serious side effects from the long-term use of presently approved food additives are very slim.
A. Food additives are used for many reasons．
B. The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals．
C. It pays to avoid food additives and eat only wholefoods．
D. Of course, they make it more attractive to the consumer．
E. But many natural chemicals, found in plants and animals, are harmful when eaten．
F. Some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the market.
G. Food additives are substances that become part of a food product when they are added during the processing or making of that food．
【答案】36. B 37. E 38. A 39. D 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述所有的食物都是由化学物质组成的，都含有化学成分，但是它的副作用是非常小的，是经过政府食品药品监督管理局的管理的，所以完全可以放心食用。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Many people are put off by the idea of “chemicals in food”.(许多人对“食品中含有化学物质”的概念感到反感)”以及后文“Natural substances like milk, as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market, can be described by chemical formulas.(像牛奶这样的天然物质，以及像市场上销售的饮料这样的人造物质，都可以用化学公式来描述)”可知，空处应是过渡句，由对食品中含有化学物质反感，到事实上所有食物可以用化学公式来描述，所以B项“The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals.(事实上，所有的食物都是由化学物质组成的)”符合文意。故选B项。
【37题详解】
根据前文“The things we eat can be divided into natural and man-made substances.Some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made ingredients are to be avoided.(我们吃的东西可以分为天然物质和人造物质。有些人认为只有天然食品才是健康的，所有的人造成分都应该避免)”以及后文“And some laboratory-made substances increase the nutritional value of food.(一些实验室制造的物质增加了食物的营养价值)”可知，空处应是转折，一些人认为只有天然食品才是健康的，到人造的其实也有好处，所以E项“But many natural chemicals, found in plants and animals, are harmful when eaten.(但是，在植物和动物中发现的许多天然化学物质在食用后是有害的)”符合文意。故选E项。
【38题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“We add sugar and salt and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better.Food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize, thicken, harden, keep wet, keep firm, or improve the appearance of their products.(我们在家里准备的食物中加入糖、盐和其他东西，让它们尝起来更好吃。食品生产商已经开发出一系列添加剂来稳定、增稠、硬化、保持湿润、保持坚固或改善产品的外观)”可知，本段讲述了食品生产商添加添加剂的原因，所以A项“Food additives are used for many reasons.(食品添加剂的使用有很多原因)”符合文意。故选A项。
【39题详解】
分析设空，空处位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious, and give it a longer shelf life.(添加剂可以使食品更方便或更有营养，并使其保质期更长)”可知，D项“Of course, they make it more attractive to the consumer.(当然，他们让它对消费者更有吸引力)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选D项。
【40题详解】
根据前文“Food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument.Food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe.(食品添加剂目前是一场激烈争论的中心。众所周知，食品生产商使用的添加剂未经证明是安全的)”可知，本段是讲述，食品添加剂的安全性未经验证，所以F项“Some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the market.(一些常用的物质已被证明是不安全的，已被撤出市场)”符合语境，承接上文。故选F项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Hearing the notes coming from the other side of the wall, Giorgio was moved. This was our way of saying “I don't know who you are, but I'm here. You're not ______41______.”
It turned out his neighbor's name was Emil and he was 78 years old, _____42_____ from Poland. His wife had _____43_____ in December from COVID-19 and the _____44_____ in which he was staying was a temporary accommodation until he would sell his house. The only comfort left to Emil was his _____45_____. The reason he was playing at 2 p.m. every weekend and also duetting (二重奏) at that time with Giorgio was because of his _____46_____.
“When I wrote the song—Dear Emil, I started _____47_____ Emil's life. A 78 widower that lost the love of his life because of this stupid ______48______. Spending days alone at home due to lockdown, playing her favorite piano song every weekend, until a _____49_____ appeared on his door, one which read you are _____50_____, and not alone. And a new friendship started, two pianos between a wall. Although they didn't know who was playing, it didn't _____51_____ . You can be the _____52_____ to somebody else's darkness.” said Giorgio.
Giorgio shared on March 14th that he’d received _____53_____ that Emil had left the world forever in his sleep: “And now he is _____54_____ his wife.” “Dear Emil,” he wrote. “I knew little about you, but you _____55_____ my life. You gave me back my passion, believing music can be powerful.”
41. A. unique B. awake C. alone D. accompanied
42. A. originally B. eventually C. typically D. regularly
43. A. got sick B. passed away C. got injured D. passed by
44. A. hospital B. store C. firm D. apartment
45. A. piano B. violin C. photo D. instrument
46. A. wife B. friend C. mother D. daughter
47. A. describing B. picturing C. admiring D. predicting
48. A. hurt B. challenge C. virus D. war
49. A. tap B. knock C. call D. note
50. A. heard B. seen C. felt D. smelled
51. A. doubt B. affect C. matter D. conflict
52. A. object B. light C. trouble D. worry
53. A. order B. instruction C. promise D. word
54. A. harmonious with B. similar to C. equal to D. reunited with
55. A. bettered B. disturbed C. changed D. confirmed
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。乔治在疫情封锁期间和隔壁邻居一起弹奏钢琴，这位邻居因为新冠疫情失去了自己的妻子，两人在封锁期间用琴声互相陪伴和倾听。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你不是一个人。A.unique独特的；B.awake醒着的；C.alone独自的；D.accompanied伴随的。根据前文“I don't know who you are, but I'm here”(我不知道你是谁，但我在这里)下文“ not alone”也是提示。可知，此处是讲你不是一个人。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：原来他的邻居名叫埃米尔，78岁，来自波兰。A.originally起初，原来；B.eventually最终；C.typically典型地，有代表性地；D.regularly定期地，有规律地。根据“from Poland”可知，此处是指埃米尔原本来自波兰。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：去年12月，他的妻子因新冠肺炎去世，他住的公寓是在他卖掉房子之前的临时住所。A.got sick生病；B.passed away去世；C.got injured受伤；D.passed by经过。根据后文“lost the love of his life”(失去了他一生的挚爱)可知，此处是指他的妻子因新冠肺炎去世。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年12月，他的妻子因新冠肺炎去世，他住的公寓是在他卖掉房子之前的临时住所。A.hospital医院；B.store商店；C.firm公司；D.apartment公寓。根据前文“his neighbor's name”(his neighbor's name)可知，此处是指他住的公寓。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃米尔唯一的安慰就是他的钢琴。A.piano钢琴；B.violin小提琴；C.photo照片；D.instrument乐器。根据后文“playing her favorite piano song every weekend”(每个周末弹奏她最喜欢的钢琴曲)可知，此处是指埃米尔唯一的安慰就是他的钢琴。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他之所以每个周末都在下午2点进行弹奏，并与乔治一起进行合奏，因为他想念妻子。A.wife妻子；B.friend朋友；C.mother妈妈；D.daughter女儿。根据上文“ His wife had in December from COVID-19”后文“playing her favorite piano song every weekend”可知，此处是指他是为了思念妻子而弹奏。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我写《亲爱的埃米尔》这首歌时，我开始想象埃米尔的生活。A.describing描述；B.picturing想象；C.admiring钦佩；D.predicting预测。根据后文“Spending days alone at home due to lockdown, playing her favorite piano song every weekend”(由于封锁，他每天都独自在家，每个周末都弹她最喜欢的钢琴曲)和“Although they didn't know who was playing”(虽然他们不知道是谁在弹奏)可知，此处是指想象埃米尔的生活。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个78岁的鳏夫因为这种愚蠢的病毒失去了挚爱。A.hurt伤害；B.challenge挑战；C.virus病毒；D.war战争。根据前文“from COVID-19”可知，此处是指因为这种愚蠢的病毒失去了挚爱。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因封锁而独自在家的日子里，每个周末都要弹奏她最喜欢的钢琴曲，直到他的门上出现了一个便条，写着“有人在听，你并不孤单”。A.tap轻拍；B.knock敲门；C.call打电话；D.note短笺，便条。根据“appeared on his door”和“one which read”可知，此处是指他的门上出现了一个便条。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因封锁而独自在家的日子里，每个周末都要弹奏她最喜欢的钢琴曲，直到他的门上出现了一个便条，写着“有人在听，你并不孤单”。A.heard听见；B.seen看见；C.felt感觉；D.smelled闻。根据后文“And a new friendship started, two pianos between a wall.”(一段新的友谊开始了，两架钢琴隔在一面墙之间。)可知，此处是指有人在听。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们不知道是谁在弹奏，但这并不重要。A.doubt怀疑；B.affect影响；C.matter重要；D.conflict冲突，抵触。根据前文“Although they didn't know who was playing”可知，此处是指这并不重要。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以成为别人黑暗中的一束光。A.object物体，实物；B.light光；C.trouble麻烦；D.worry担忧。根据“to somebody else's darkness”可知，你可以成为别人黑暗中的一束光。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：乔治在3月14日分享说，他收到了埃米尔在睡梦中永远离开这个世界的消息：“现在他和妻子团聚了。”A.order命令；B.instruction用法说明；C.promise承诺；D.word消息。根据“Emil had left the world forever in his sleep”可知，此处是指他收到了埃米尔在睡梦中永远离开这个世界的消息。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：乔治在3月14日分享说，他收到了埃米尔在睡梦中永远离开这个世界的消息：“现在他和妻子团聚了。”A.harmonious with与……和谐；B.similar to与……相似；C.equal to与……相等；D.reunited with与……团聚。根据“Emil had left the world forever in his sleep”可知，此处是指现在他和妻子团聚了。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对你知之甚少，但你改变了我的生活。A.bettered超过，胜过；B.disturbed打扰；C.changed改变；D.confirmed证实。根据“You gave me back my passion, believing music can be powerful”(你把我的热情还给了我，相信音乐可以带来力量)可知，此处是指你改变了“我”的生活。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(55分)
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Identity theft is arousing increasing attention from the public. This is a crime in ___56___ your private information___57___ (steal) by someone and is used in an illegal way. When the thief steals your identity, he often does fraud (诈骗) with that. He may get a credit card in your name and spend it ___58___ (careless) without paying the bills. He may get ___59___ driver’s license in your name, and you will be held responsible for the traffic accidents he causes．
Why is identity theft becoming so common? A gateway is offered for the identity theft by the ___60___ (popular) of the Internet and computers. And the wealth of private details people ___61___ (post) on social networks such as Facebook also makes it easier for identity thieves ___62___ (obtain) private information．
Many people are not aware ___63___ the problems caused by the crime. They wake up from their carefree attitude only when they become a victim and suffer the damages caused by the crime. There is no cure for identity theft except prevention. This is why ___64___ is of importance that every person should become cautious when ___65___ (use) the Internet．
【答案】56. which
57. is stolen
58. carelessly
59. a 60. popularity
61. post 62. to obtain
63. of 64. it
65. using
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。报道了身份盗窃正在引起公众越来越多的关注，以及可能造成的危害。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是一种犯罪，你的私人信息被某人窃取并以非法方式使用。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是crime，在从句中作介词in的宾语，用which引导。故填which。
【57题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：这是一种犯罪，你的私人信息被某人窃取并以非法方式使用。分析句子结构可知，steal作从句谓语，主语是your private information和steal之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据后文的is可知用一般现在时。故填is stolen。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：他可能会以你的名义办一张信用卡，挥霍无度而不付账单。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词spend，所以应该用副词修饰。故填carelessly。
【59题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他可能会以你的名义去领驾照，而你要为他造成的交通事故负责。，license是可数名词，此处只一个驾照，前应该用不定冠词修饰，driver为辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故填a。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：互联网和计算机的普及为身份盗窃提供了一个通道。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词the，所以空处应填名词，popular的名词形式是popularity。故填popularity。
【61题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：人们在Facebook等社交网络上发布的大量私人信息也使身份窃贼更容易获取私人信息。post是定语从句中的谓语，主语是people，两者间是主动关系，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填post。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：人们在Facebook等社交网络上发布的大量私人信息也使身份窃贼更容易获取私人信息。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定句型：谓语+it+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.意为“对于某人来说，做某事……”。故填to obtain。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：许多人没有意识到犯罪所造成的问题。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：be aware of意为“意识到”。故填of。
【64题详解】
考查代词。句意：这就是为什么每个人在使用互联网时都应该谨慎是很重要的。分析句子结构可知，本句that引导主语从句，所以空处应填形式主语it。故填it。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是为什么每个人在使用互联网时都应该谨慎是很重要的。空处应填非谓语动词和when构成时间状语，use和逻辑主语person之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填using。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 写作(满分15分)
根据下面提示，写一篇短文。
66. 假定你是李华，你的朋友Amy来信说她考试前总会出现各种焦虑症状。请给她写封回信，提供一些建议，如：制定切实可行的学习目标，合理安排时间，睡前听听轻音乐等。
注意： 1. 词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Amy,
I’m glad to hear from you.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I wish you the best!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Amy,
I’m glad to hear from you. I am writing to tell you some of my views on solving various anxiety symptoms. In fact, most of us feel nervous when taking an important exam.
First of all, I think it’s important for us to have a positive attitude towards exams. We needn’t worry too much about them. Secondly, we should study hard every day, make practical study goals and arrange your time reasonably. Besides, enough sleep can make us perform well in exams. Therefore, during the examination period, we should not stay up too late. We can also listen to light music before going to bed, which may help us have a good sleep.
I wish you the best!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友Amy写封回信，为解决她考试前的焦虑症状提供一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
看法：idea→view
紧张的：tense →nervous
此外：in addition→besides
帮助：assist→help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing to tell you some of my views on solving various anxiety symptoms.
拓展句：I am writing to tell you some of my views on solving various anxiety symptoms, which I hope will help you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In fact, most of us feel nervous when taking an important exam. (在when引导的时间状语中运用了省略)
【高分句型2】We can also listen to light music before going to bed, which may help us have a good sleep. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A New Addition to the Family
For the initial ten years of his life, Victor was the prince of the household. As he was an only child, his parents petted him and showered all their love and attention on him. Whatever toys his parents bought, they were always meant for him. Whatever food was in the refrigerator, there was no one to compete with him to polish it off first. Victor could leave his toys or books around the house with complete ease of mind, knowing that there was no one who would get their hands on his belongings and cause any damage.
However, all that was to change overnight when Victor’s parents brought back his new baby sister, Lina, from the hospital. With her rosy cheeks, wide open eyes and angelic smile, Lina caught the hearts of her parents, grandparents and relatives. Everyone focused their attention on the cute bunch of joy. Whenever she cried, her mother or father would rush to her bed. She simply cried because she wanted to be carried. There was little time left for Victor.
Now that Victor’s mother had his baby sister to take care of, she expected Victor himself to do most of the chores he can do. Victor was asked to clean his own room, iron his own school uniform and clean his own shoes. Before Lina’s arrival, he had never lifted a finger to help out with these tasks. The whole family also went out less because it was unhealthy to expose Lina to the bacteria(细菌) being in the outside world too often.
Victor felt neglected by his parents. He felt that they loved Lina more than him. As a result, he tried to attract his parents’ attention by becoming resistant. One evening, Victor’s parents were called up by his teacher because Victor had got into a fight at school. His teacher had noticed Victor’s behaviour and work attitude changing downwards in the past two months. Before that, he had been a model student.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Upon hearing the teacher’s feedback, Victor’s parents got lost in thought.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Victor realized that his parents still cared for him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Upon hearing the teacher’s feedback, Victor’s parents got lost in thought. Since their second child Linda was born, they have devoted all their attention to her. To some degree, they neglected victor’s feelings. After all, he wanted to share the love from parents with Linda. So they made a decision that they should treat the two children equally. Gradually, something changed in the family. After school Victor often found some delicious food and new toys on his desk. When he did his homework, his father came to his room and sat beside him, reading a book quietly, which made him comfortable and warm. At that time, his mother was taking care of his sister Linda. After he finished his homework, his mother asked him to play with Linda. Seeing her sweet smile, he felt so happy.
Victor realized that his parents still cared for him.So he was determined to help his parents take good care of his sister. Having finished his homework, he learned to clean their rooms and do all the chores that he could. While his mother was cooking, he played with his sister happily. He came to realize that he should take responsibility for the family because he grew up.
【解析】
【分析】本文以一个小男孩Victor的感受为线索展开，讲述了在Victor的妹妹Linda出生以后，父母将全部的注意力集中到她身上，这让他感到被忽略，因此他用对抗来引起父母的注意。最后父母也意识到这一点，就做出改变，让Victor重新感受到父母的爱。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到老师的反馈，父母陷入沉思”可知，第一段可描写父母对自己行为的反省。
②由第二段首句内容“Victor意识到父母仍旧关爱他”可知，第二段可描写Victor感受到父母仍旧爱他后的积极行动。
2.续写线索：沉思——反省——改变——陪孩子——感受到爱——回报
3.词汇激活
行为类
①全身心投入：devote all one’s attention to / put one’s heart into
②决定：make a decision/ make up one’s mind
③.照看：take care of / look after
情绪类
①感到高兴：feel happy/ feel pleased
②幸福地：happily / merrily
【点睛】[高分句型1]. So they made a decision that they should treat the two children equally.(运用同位语从句）
[高分句型2]. Having finished his homework, he learned to clean their rooms and do all the chores that he could. (运用现在分词作状语以及定语从句）
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