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    【期末专题复习】(仁爱版)2022-2023学年七年级英语下学期:专题04 语法复习(专题练习)(原卷+解析)

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    专题04 语法专练
    一、 重点语法梳理
    一般现在时
    一、一般现在时表示:
    (1)现在所处的状态。 Jane is at school .
    (2)经常或习惯性的动作。 I often go to school by bus .
    (3)主语具备的性格和能力。 He likes playing football .
    (4)客观真理。 The earth goes round the sun .
    二、常用的时间状语: often , always , usually , sometimes , every day 等等。
    三、行为动词的一般现在时,助动词是 do / don ' t 和 does / doesn ' t .当主语是第一、二人称和所有复数形式时,行为动词用原形。
    肯定式: I go to school on foot .
    疑问式: Do you go to school on foot ? - Yes , I do .- No , I don ’ t .
    当主语是第三人称单数时,动词用第三人称单数形式,在词尾加﹣ s 或﹣ es 。
    肯定式: He goes to work by bus .
    否定式: He doesn ’ t go to work by bus .
    疑问式: Does he go to work by bus ?- Yes , he does .- No , he doesn ’ t .
    四、动词第三人称单数的构成
    1. 动词原形后面直接加-s
    look—looks 
    read—reads 
    play—plays     
    stop—stops
    2. 在以字母s, x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词后加-es
    miss—misses  
    fix—fixes   
    watch—watches  
    wash—washes
    go—goes   
    do—does 
    3. 辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i,再加-es
    carry–carries  
    study–studies 
    hurry–hurries 
    cry–cries
    4. 特殊变化 
    have-has
    be-am/is/are     
    现在进行时
    一、基本结构:
    1. 肯定式:am/is/are+doing(现在分词)
    2. 否定式:am/is/are not +doing(现在分词)
    3. 一般疑问式:Am/Is/Are + 主语 +doing(现在分词)+ 其他
    4. 特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式
    They’re having a meeting now. 他们现在正在开会。
    They aren't having a meeting now. 他们现在没有在开会。
    Are they having a meeting now? 他们现在正在开会吗?
    What are they doing now? 他们现在正在做什么?
    二、基本用法:
    1. 表示此时此刻正在发生的事情。常与now,at the moment,look,listen等词连用。
    The little boy is watching TV now. 这个小男孩现在正在看电视。
    Listen!She is playing the guitar in the next room. 听!她正在隔壁房间弹吉他。
    2. 表示现阶段一直在进行着或是重复发生着的动作,不强调此时此刻正在做。常与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
    I am studying computer this term. 这个学期我一直在学习计算机。
    3. 表示说话人褒义或贬义的情感色彩,如赞许、批评、喜欢、厌恶等。此时常与alway、often等频度副词连用。
    He is always thinking of others , not of himself. 他总是为他人着想,而不为自己。(表示赞许)
    One of my roommates is often leaving things about. 我的一个室友经常乱扔东西。(表示不满)
    4. 表示在近期按计划或安排要发生的动作。(现在进行时表示一般将来的含义。)
    ① 瞬时动词的进行时在任何情况下都表示将来含义。这些动词包括go , come , leave,arrive , return等。
    I am leaving.
    我将要离开了。
    I am leaving tomorrow. 
    我将会明天离开。
    ② 持续动词的进行时,只有在有将来时间状语或将来语境的情况下才可以表示将来含义。
    An American professor is giving a lecture this afternoon. 
    今天下午一位美国教授将要作报告。(将来含义)
    An American professor is giving a lecture.
    一个美国教授正在作报告。(进行含义)
    三、现在分词(doing)的变化规则:
    1. 一般在情况下,在动词词尾加-ing。

    go——going
    play——playing
    know——knowing

    2. 以不发音的字母e结尾动词,先去e再加-ing。
    make——making
    arrive——arriving
    come——coming
    3. 以重读闭音节结尾,且动词词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing。

    run——running    
    stop——stopping
    swim——swimming
    run——running  
    put——putting  
    sit——sitting  
    begin——beginning 
    plan——planning
    cut——cutting  
    get——getting  
    shop——shopping  
    chat——chatting 
    regret——regretting
    dig——digging  
    4. 以-ie结尾,先将-ie改成y,再加-ing。

    tie——tying
    die——dying
    lie——lying













    一般现在时和现在进行时的区别

    一般现在时和现在进行时是前一阶段所学的两种重要时态,它们的不同之处有以下几点:
    一、基本用法不同 
    【1】一般现在时用来表示习惯性的动作或状态。如:
    She goes to school by bike every day.她每天骑自行车去上学。 
    【2】现在进行时用来表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在发生或进行的动作或者用来表示现阶段正在进行或存在的状态。如:
    Look ! She is reading under the tree.瞧!她正在树下看书。

    二、谓语动词的形式不同  
    【1】一般现在时的谓语动词:
    1) be动词用am/is/are这三种形式;
    2)实义动词用动词原形或第三人称单数形式(根据主语数的变化而变化)。
    【2】现在进行时谓语动词的形式为: am / is / are+动词-ing 形式。如: 
    We go to school at seven in the morning.我们早晨七点钟上学。
     I am reading English now. 我现在正在读英语。 

    三、时间状语不同  
    【1】一般现在时常与often, sometimes, always, usually等频率副词及once a week/day
    等频率短语连用,还与 every morning /day / week..., on Wednesday, in the morning / afternoon / evening等时间状语连用。 
    【3】现在进行时常与now, these days, these weeks等时间状语连用。句首有 Look ! / Listen !等提示语时,后面的句子中动词一般用现在进行时。

    四、特殊用法 
    1. 一般现在时的特殊用法:表示客观真理、自然现象往往要用一般现在时表示。如:The moon goes round the earth.月亮绕着地球转。 
    2. 现在进行时的特殊用法:现在进行时与always 连用时,往往含有赞扬、厌恶、责备等感情色彩。如: 
    He is always working hard.他总是非常努力地工作。(表示赞扬)  
    3. come, go, begin, start, leave 等动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。如:
    I'm coming. 我就来。 
    There be 句型
    “there be”句型速记
    一、速记口诀
    there be句型有特点,主语放在 be 后面;
    单数主语用 is,复数用 are记心间①;
    多个主语并列时,就近原则是关键②。
    变否定,很简单,be 后要把not 添;
    疑问句也不难,把 be 提到there 前③。
    肯定句中用 some,否定、疑问any换④。

    二、口诀解读
    ①There be句型的基本结构为“There be+主语(某人或某物)+地点(副词或介词短语)”,表示“某地存在某人(或某物)”,因此也叫“存在句”。当主语是不可数名词或单数名词时,be用is;当主语是复数时,be用are。
        There is a ruler on the desk.书桌上有一把尺。
        There are four apples on the tree.
        (长在树上)树上有四个苹果。

    ②当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,谓语动词的数要与离它最近的名词的数一致,即采用“临近原则”。
        There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.
        =There are some bananas and an orange in the basket. 
        篮子里有一个橘子和一些香蕉。

    ③其否定句是在be后加n ot。一般疑问句是将be提到句首,句末变问号。
        肯定回答用:Yes, there is/are.;
        否定回答用No, there isn’t/aren’t.
        e.g. There are some pictures on the wall.
        →There aren’t any pictures on the wall.
        →Are there any pictures on the wall?
        There is a bike behind the tree.
        →There isn’t a bike behind the tree.
        →Is there a bike behind the tree?
    ④在肯定句中常用some,但在变为否定句或疑问句时,要把some改为any。
        There are some fish in the water.
        →Are there any fish in the water?
    三、特别提醒
    1. “What’s +表地点的介词短语”用there be句型来回答。在问的时候,be用is,而回答时,要视实际情况而选用is或are。
        —What’s on thedesk? 桌子上有什么?
        —There are 5 eggs. 有5个鸡蛋。
    2. 有时为了突出或强调地点状语,也可把表地点的介词短语放在前面,后面加逗号。
        Under the table there is a cat.在桌下有一只猫。
    祈使句

    祈使句是用来表示请求、命令或建议的句子。祈使句中的主语常常被省去。句末用句号或感叹号,一般用降调读。祈使句的谓语动词无时态和数的变化,统一用原形。
    一. 肯定结构:
    1. Do型。即“动词原形+宾语+其他”。
        Open the door, please! 请开门。
    2. Be型。即“Be+ 表语 +其他”。
        Be quiet for a moment. 你请安静一会儿。
    3. Let型。即“Let+ 宾语 +动词原形 +其他”。
        Let’s play volleyball.让我们打排球吧。

    二. 否定结构:
    1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don’t构成。
        Don’t mention it.别提它。
        Don’t be late again. 别再迟到了。
    2. Let型的否定式有两种。
    当let后的宾语为第三人称时,在句首加Don’t;
    当let后的宾语为第一人称时,用“Let +宾语+not+动词原形+其他”结构。
        Don’t let the children make much noise. 
        不要让孩子发出大的噪声。
        Let’s not worry about our problems.
        让我们不要担心我们的问题。
    3.“No +名词或动名词”,常用于日常生活中的警示语。
        No entry. 禁止入内。
        No parking. 禁止停车。
    be动词的一般过去时

    Be动词的一般过去时英语中不同时间发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示。   
    1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与 a minute ago, two days/months/years ago, yesterday, last year, in those days, just now, in 1990等表示过去的时间状语连用;一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
    (1) 过去存在的状态。My father was at work yesterday afternoon.
    (2) 过去某个时间发生的动作。I got up at 6:30 yesterday.
    (3) 过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always went to work by bus last year.
    2. Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
    ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)
    ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)
    ⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
    Were you born in July,1999?  —Yes, I was./No,I wasn’t.
    3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子(行为动词一般过去时态)
    【形式】 be动词的过去式为was或were。表示在过去某时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。was用于第一人称单数或第三人称单数,were用于第二人称和所有复数人称。
    【句式】
    肯定句:主语+was/were十其他。
    Kevin was in the museum this Morning. 今天早上凯文在博物馆。
    Tom and Lucy were late yesterday. 昨天汤姆和露西迟到了。
    否定句:主语+was/were+ not+其他。
    They weren't athome yesterday. 他们昨天没在家。
    Nancy was not late for school last Tuesday. 上周二南希上学没迟到。
    一般疑问句:Was/ Were十主语十其他?肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was/were.否定回答:No, 主语+wasn't/weren't.
    —Were your parents angry with you lastnight?昨晚你的父母生你气了吗?—Yes, they were.是的,他们生气了。/  No, they weren't. 不,他们没有。
    特殊疑问句:
    ⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如:What did Jim do yesterday?
    ⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?
    4.动词过去式变化规则:
    (1).规则动词一般在动词末尾直接加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked play-played
    (2).结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted move-moved
    (3).末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped  plan-planned   trip -tripped
    (4).以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed, 如:study-studied
    (5).不规则动词过去式:am/is-was, are-were,do-did, see-saw,say-said, give-gave,get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had,eat-ate, take-took,run-ran, sing-sang,put-put, make-made,read-read, write-wrote,draw-drew, drink-drank,fly-flew, ride-rode,speak-spoke, sweep-swept,swim-swam, sit-sat
    基数词和序数词

    1. 表示数字或数目多少的数词叫基数词。它的构成方式是这样的:
    (1)1-12 为独立的单词,有其各自的形式。
    (2)13-19都以teen 结尾,单词中的两个音节都读重音。
    (3)20-90 之间“整十”都以- ty 结尾,单词中的第一个音节重读。
    (4)20-99之间的“几十几”,十位和个位之间加连字符。
    如:22 -twenty-two;35-thirty-five
    (5)101–999之间的非整百的基数词的读法为:百位数和十位数(或个位数)之间用and连接。
    如:156-one hundred and fifty-six;709-seven hundred and nine
    (6) 四位数或四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律为:用逗号从右向左每三位加一个逗号,第一个逗号前用thousand(千), 第二个逗号前million(百万),第三个逗号前用billion(十亿);读数时从左向右依次读出来。
    如:3, 895-three thousand, eight hundred and ninety-five17, 825, 437,108-seventeen billion, eight hundred and twenty-five million, four hundred and thirty-seventhousand, one hundred and eight
    2. 基数词变序数词的规律序数词大都是由基数词变化而来。其构成形式如下:注意:序数词在实际书写运用时,常用缩写形式,缩写形式为“阿拉伯数字 + 序数词最后面的两个字母”。
    如:first—1st,twenty-second—22nd;thirty-third—33rd; seventeenth—17th;twenty-sixth—26th。
    例句:On his fourth birthday he got many presents.
    在他四岁生日那天他收到了很多礼物。
    August is the eighth month in a year. 八月是一年中的第八个月。
    Mike is always the first to get to school. 迈克总是第一个到达学校。
    选择疑问句
    选择疑问句是说话者对问题提出两个或两个以上的答案,供对方选择其一。因此其回答不能直接用yes或 no,要根据实际情况作出判断或从提供的选项中选出一个来回答。选择疑问句的前部分用升调,后部分用降调。这种疑问句有两种结构:
    1、“特殊疑问词+供选择的部分?
    —Which ocean is deeper, the Atlantic orthe Pacific?
    大西洋和太平洋,哪个更深?
    —The Pacific.太平洋。
    —How shall we go, by bus or by plane?
    我们是乘公共汽车去还是坐飞机去?
    —By plane. 坐飞机。
    2、一般疑问句+ or +一般疑问句?
    在这种结构中常把or后面与前一部分相同的成分省略。
    —Do you want to live in a small town or
    (do you want (do you want to live) a big city? 你想居住在小城镇里或大城市里?
    —I want to live in a big city city. 我想住在大城市里。
    —Does he like noodles or (does he like) bread? 他喜欢吃面条还是面包?
    —Neither. 都不喜欢。
    一般过去式

    一、一般过去式表示:
    (1)过去存在的状态。My father was at work yesterday afternoon.
    (2)过去某个时间发生的动作。I got up at 6:30 yesterday.
    (3)过去经常或反复发生的动作。
    He always went to work by bus lastyear. 
    常用的时间状语:two days/months/years ago, last year, in those days, just now, in 2002等。
    二、动词过去式的构成:
    1. 规则动词
    ①在动词后面直接加“ed”。play-played
    ②动词以“e”结尾加“d”。move-moved
    ③动词以辅音字母加y结尾改y为i加ed. study-studied 
    ④动词为重读闭音节,双写词尾的辅音字母加ed.  plan-planned stop-stopped
    2. 不规则动词 am/is-was  are-were  do-did (详情见书后不规则动词表)
    三、行为动词一般过去时态陈述句变否定句和一般疑问句:
    肯定句:I bought some books yesterday.
    否定句:I didn’t buy any books yesterday.
    一般疑问句:Did you buy any books yesterday?
    “一般现在时”对比“一般过去时” 
    【例句对比】
    ★一般现在时
    1. Tony often walks to school. 托尼经常步行去学校。
    2. The earth goes around the sun. 地球围绕太阳旋转。
    3. Mr. Wang is our math teacher. 王老师是我们的数学老师。
    ★一般过去时
    1. Lucy was at home yesterday. 露西昨天在家。
    2. John often visited his grandparents in 2016. 2016年,约
    翰经常去看望他的爷爷奶奶。
    3.She was very shy before.她过去很内向。

    一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性发生的动作、行为或者现在的某种状态,一般过去时表示过去某时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。
    1.一般现在时的使用情况
    (1)表示现在时刻发生的动作或存在的状态
    It's five o'clock now.(现在五点了。)
    (2)表示经常性或习惯性的动作
    常与always, usually, often, sometimes等频率副词连用。例如:
    We have three meals every day.(我们每天吃三餐。)
    (3)表示主语具备的性格、能力和本质特征等
    He likes playing soccer.(他喜欢踢足球。)
    (4)表示客观事实、普遍真理、名言、警句或谚语等
    The earth goes round the sun. (地球绕着太阳转。)
    (5)表示按规定、时刻表、计划或安排要发生的动作
    通常会用一般现在时表示将来的状态。
    常用的动词有:begin, start, stop, arrive, come, go, leave, return, open, close, be等。例如:
    School begins the day after tomorrow.(学校后天开学。)
    (6)与时间副词连用表示将来的动作
    在由when, before, after, until, as soon as等连接的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句中,以一般现在时表示将来的动作。
    例如:
    Remember to turn off the lights before you leave.(在你离开之前记得关灯。)
    (7)以here、there引导的倒装句表示正在发生的事
    There goes the bell.(铃在响。)
    2.一般过去时的使用时机
    (1)表示过去特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态
    My dad won a music award last year.(我爸爸去年赢得了一项音乐奖。)
    (2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态
    She often came to help me when I was in trouble.
    (当我遇到麻烦的时候,她总是来帮助我。)
    另外,若是要表示过去的“习惯性”动作,可用would, used to来表达。例如:
    He used to go to school by bus. (他过去经常坐公交车去上学。)
    1.一般现在时与一般过去时的相同点
    两者均可表示人的性格、特征、爱好以及习惯,时常与频率副词usually, often, sometimes, seldom, always, once a week等连用。例如:
    I often play basketball.(我常常打篮球。)
    I often played basketball when I was at school.
    (我以前念书的时候常常打篮球。)
    2.一般现在时与一般过去时的不同点
    (1)一般现在时表示现阶段发生的动作或存在的状态,以及永恒不变的事实、自然规律,常与时间副词today, every day, every morning, on Sunday等连用。例如:
    I ride a bike to school every day.(我每天都骑自行车上学。)
    Spring returns in March.(春天会在三月回来。)
    (2)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,常与时间副词yesterday, last year, last night, the day before yesterday, this morning, two days ago等连用。例如:

    I lost my cell phone yesterday.(我昨天弄丟了我的手机。)
    She ran into her ex-boyfriend on the street the day before yesterday.
    (她前天在街上遇到了她的前男友。)
    一般过去时的特殊疑问句:

    1. How was you trip?---It was wonderful.
    2. How did you travel there?---By train.
    3. How long were you there?---Only five days.
    4. Did you visit any places of interest?  
    --Yes, we visited Mount Emei and Jiuzhaigou,and it is very different from ours.
    一般现在时的用法

    一、分析习惯和现状。
    一般现在时表示主语经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态。如:
    I often go to the movies.我经常去看电影。
    He sometimes watches TV.有时他看电视。
    二、揭示事实和真理。
    一般现在时可以描述客观真理、自然现象、科学事实及人生格言等。如:
    The earth is a planet and it goes goes around the sun.
    地球是一颗行星,它绕太阳运转。
    Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
    三、制定计划和安排。
    一般现在时可以表示按时间表拟定的或计划、安排好的事情或动作。句中常有表示将来的时间状语。如:
    The plane leaves Beijing at six and arrives at Guangzhou at ten.
    飞机六点钟从北京起飞,十点钟到达巴黎。
    The final exam takes place next week. 下周举行期末考试。
    四、表达感情、想法和能力。
    一般现在时可以表示心理状态、感情或某种能力。如:
    She can dance. 她会跳舞。
    I like playing basketball very much. 我很喜欢打篮球。
    【巧学妙记】一般现在时用法歌诀
    用好一般现在时,时间状语需牢记。
    主语人称是三单,动词要把-s/-es添。
    基本用法要记清,表示习惯经常性;
    客观真理和能力,有时还表将来时。

    二、 综合练习
    一、语法选择
    Hi! My name is Li Lei. I like ____1____ and I’m in the school art club. And I like sports, too. Every morning, I get up ____2____ six. After taking a shower and brushing my teeth, I run for about half ____3____ hour. Then, at about a quarter past seven, I have breakfast ____4____. After that, I usually go to school by ____5____ at half past seven.
    It takes me about fifteen minutes ____6____ to school. I am never late ____7____ school. Then I play ping-pong ____8____ chess with my classmates. My ____9____ class is at eight. After school, I do my homework first, and after finishing my homework, I do my favorite things. I’m good at drawing and I like drawing under the tree near _____10_____ home. I really feel relaxed. I like my school life very much.
    1.A.draw B.drawing C.draws
    2.A.on B.in C.at
    3.A.a B.an C.the
    4.A.quick B.quickly C.quicker
    5.A.bike B.my bike C.the bike
    6.A.ride B.riding C.to ride
    7.A.for B.with C.to
    8.A.but B.because C.or
    9.A.one B.the first C.first
    10.A.mine B.my C.me

    As we all know, nowadays more and more people can have a car. It makes our life convenient(方便的). We can go anywhere we want ____11____ by car. However, everything ____12____ two sides. We often see the traffic accidents(交通事故)____13____ the road. Most of the accidents happen ____14____ people don’t follow the traffic rules. So in order to keep people ____15____, everyone should follow the traffic rules. For walkers, they must stop if the lights are red. They can only cross the road when the lights are green. They should look carefully to both the left and the right when they are crossing the roads. For drivers, they must drive carefully. They mustn’t talk ____16____ laugh when they are driving. They must stop ____17____ when the lights are red. When people are driving, they should wear a seat belt. Drivers ____18____ drive after drinking. Many people take ____19____. So for passengers(乘客), they should wait in line, and follow the rules. “First get off then get on”. If the buses are too full, they should wait for the next one. I hope ____20____ can follow the traffic rules and there will be fewer traffic accidents.
    11.A.to go B.going C.went D.go
    12.A.have B.has C.had D.having
    13.A.on B.in C.or D.at
    14.A.if B.because C.when D.after
    15.A.safe B.safety C.safely D.more safely
    16.A.or B.and C.nor D.but
    17.A.to drive B.driving C.drive D.drove
    18.A.won’t B.couldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t
    19.A.bus B.bus’s C.buses’ D.buses
    20.A.no one B.everyone C.someone D.anyone

    We have different kinds of days in our lives. Some are common while some are special. My ___21___ birthday is a day I will never forget. The day started just like any other day. ___22___ as it kept going, a lot of exciting things began to happen.
    I woke up very early in the morning. My mother cooked my favorite breakfast and also gave me ___23___ big chocolate bar for lunch. As soon as I went into the classroom, the whole class sang the birthday song ___24___ me. I was so happy that I almost cried. As a ___25___ boy, I never told them about my birthday.
    The birthday party at my home ___26___ the day even more special. When I arrived home, I found all my friends were there. My dad invited them over. I got so many ___27___ and we played lots of games like musical chairs. Everyone was happy and played ___28___.
    How time flew! It was hard ___29___goodbye. Everyone liked the return gifts and went home with a big smile on ____30____ faces. This day makes me feel lucky to have the best things in life — family and friends.
    21.A.twelve B.twelfth C.the twelve D.the twelfth
    22.A.Because B.Although C.But D.Or
    23.A./ B.a C.the D.an
    24.A.of B.by C.in D.for
    25.A.quiet B.quieter C.quietest D.the quietest
    26.A.makes B.made C.will make D.is making
    27.A.gifts B.gift C.gifts’ D.gift’s
    28.A.excite B.excited C.excitedly D.exciting
    29.A.say B.said C.saying D.to say
    30.A.they B.them C.their D.theirs

    Tea is one of the most popular ___31___ in the world. Thousands of years ago, Shenlong found the tea leaves could make people feel more excited. After the Zhou Dynasty (朝代), Chinese people knew how to make tea leaves into ___32___ drink. In the Han Dynasty, some Japanese students brought this traditional style of drink back to Japan.
    In the western world, tea became a kind of expensive drink in Europe, especially in Britain. The kings and queens thought it was the symbol of the high class of life. However, they could not ___33___ tea in Europe, ___34___ they built a large number of tea fields in India after they ___35___ some tea plants from Sichuan and Yunnan. Because milk is cheaper in Europe than in China, the British ___36___ milk into tea to make it weaker. Besides Europe, people in the Middle East also like ___37___ tea very much, but they add lots of sugar into the tea until it becomes sticky (粘稠).
    When we come to the common styles of drinking tea, both Chinese and ___38___ like to taste delicious food while drinking tea. Buns and dim sum are the favorite for Chinese people. Japanese make different kinds of Wagashi (和果子) ____39____ different materials (材料) which are collected in different seasons. People in the Middle East even ask: “Why not ____40____ sweet beef while drinking tea?”
    31.A.drink B.drinks C.drinking D.drunk
    32.A.a B.an C.the D./
    33.A.grown B.growing C.grow D.grew
    34.A.or B.and C.but D.so
    35.A.steal B.stole C.steals D.stealing
    36.A.add B.adds C.added D.adding
    37.A.to drinking B.drinking C.drinks D.drunk
    38.A.another B.other C.others D.the other
    39.A.of B.in C.into D.from
    40.A.to eat B.eat C.eating D.eats


    二、语法填空
    根据短文内容及所给提示,在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。
    Let me tell you something about the weather in different countries. In our country, different ____41____ (place) have different weather. In Heilongjiang, the weather is always very cold in winter and hot in summer.  ____42____  in Hainan, the weather is very warm in winter and also very hot in summer. Kunming is ____43____ city always in spring. The weather is warm all the time.
    In London, the weather ____44____ (change) very often. You can see a ____45____ (sun) day in the morning, and then a rainy or cloudy day one or two ____46____ (hour) later. People often talk ____47____  the weather in London. They often talk to you. “If you don’t like the weather, it ____48____  (not) matter. You can just wait! It will change in a minute.”
    Now people can do many things about weather. It’s ____49____ (call) man-made weather. We hope ____50____  decide the weather one day.

    阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式,将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。
    John is a schoolboy. He is funny, so everyone likes him very much. He can play many musical instruments, ____51____ piano, guitar and violin. He’s in the school music club and it usually takes him a lot of time ____52____ (practice) these instruments. When he is with ____53____ (he) friends, he often plays them. Today is June 1st. It’s ____54____ (John) birthday. He has a big ____55____ interesting party at home. Many friends come to his party. His mother cooks a lot of food for them.
    Everyone brings a beautiful gift to him. May gives him an English dictionary ____56____ she knows English is his favorite subject. Bob gives John a basketball. He wants John ____57____ (play) sports as often as possible to keep healthy. At the party, John plays the guitar and he ____58____ plays the piano. They sing many songs and play some interesting ____59____ (game). They have ____60____ good time today.

    阅读下面短文,在空格处填入一个恰当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
    My name is Jim. I am a 13-year-old boy. I am a student in Class 9, Grade 7 from No. 6 Middle School. I lost my schoolbag this morning. I think I lost it ____61____ the bus. There are many important things in my bag, so I really ____62____ (worry) about it.
    Its ____63____ (colour) are red and yellow. And it ____64____ (look) a little old. There is a picture of a dog on the bag. In the bag, there is a pencil case, some books and an ID card ____65____ my name on it. The pencil case is blue and there are two pencils and ____66____ eraser in it.
    I ____67____ (can) do many things without my ID card. And I need the books for my study. I really want to find my bag and I hope the finder could return my bag very soon. If you find my schoolbag, please call ____68____. My telephone number is 867-5331. I ____69____ (pay) you 5 dollars. Thank you for ____70____ (help) me.

    根据短文内容及所给提示,在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。
    John is a middle school student. He studied ___71___ (good). But after his father bought a smartphone for ___72___ (he), everything changed. He didn’t work hard anymore. He only thought ___73___ the video games. He didn’t listen to the teacher ___74___ (careful) in class. He didn’t like to study in the classroom. He wanted to drop ___75___ of school. When he ___76___ (tell) his teacher his thought, his teacher Miss Green ___77___ (try) every possible way to help him. She asked him ___78___ (question) in class. John’s home was far from school, so Miss Green often brought lunch ___79___ him. She helped him study after school and on weekends. A month later, John was ____80____ (interest) in study again. He feels happy to stay at school now.

    参考答案:

    1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.C 10.B

    【导语】本文主要介绍了作者李磊的日常生活和学习情况。
    1.句意:我喜欢画画,我参加了学校的艺术俱乐部。
    draw画,动词原形;drawing画,动名词;draws画,动词三单。固定搭配like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”,此处应用drawing,故选B。
    2.句意:每天早上,我六点起床。
    on在,用于具体的某一天;in在,用于年、月、季节前;at在,用于具体的时间点前。根据空格后“six”可知,六点为具体的时间点,应用介词at,故选C。
    3.句意:洗完澡刷牙后,我要跑半个小时左右。
    a一个,用于发音为辅音音素的单词前;an一个,用于发音为元音音素的单词前;the这个,表特指。根据空格后“hour”为单数,且为元音音素开头可知,应用an,故选B。
    4.句意:大约七点一刻,我很快地吃了早餐。
    quick快的,形容词;quickly快地,副词;quicker更快的,比较级。根据空格前“have breakfast”可知,此处应用副词修饰动词have,应用quickly,故选B。
    5.句意:在那之后,我通常七点半骑自行车去学校。
    bike自行车;my bike我的自行车;the bike这个自行车。固定搭配by+交通工具,不加任何冠词,此处应用bike,故选A。
    6.句意:骑车去学校要花我十五分钟。
    ride骑,动词原形;riding骑,动名词;to ride骑,动词不定式。固定搭配It takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”,此处应用不定式to ride,故选C。
    7.句意:我上学从不迟到。
    for为了;with和;to到。固定搭配be late for school意为“上学迟到”,此处应用for,故选A。
    8.句意:然后我和我的同学打乒乓球或象棋。
    but但是;because因为;or或者。根据空格前“ping-pong”和空格后“chess”,乒乓球和棋,都是名词,可知此处表并列关系,应用or,故选C。
    9.句意:我的第一节课八点上。
    one一个;the first第一个;first第一个。根据空格后“class”可知,此处是指“第一节课是八点上”,应用序数词,又因空格前My,此处不加冠词,应用first,故选C。
    10.句意:我擅长画画,我喜欢在我家附近的树下画画。
    mine我的,名词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词;me我。根据空格后“home”可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词home,应用my,故选B。

    11.A 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.A 17.B 18.C 19.D 20.B

    【导语】本文主要讲述了我们应该要遵守的交通规则。
    11.句意:我们能够开车去我们想去的任何地方。
    to go去,动词不定式;going动名词或现在分词;went动词过去式;go动词原形。want to do sth“想做某事”,空处用不定式作宾语。故选A。
    12.句意:但是,任何事都是具有两面性的。
    have有,动词原形;has动词三单形式;had动词过去式;having现在分词或动名词。主语是不定代词everything,句子时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用三单形式。故选B。
    13.句意:我们经常在路上看到交通事故。
    on在……上面;in在……里面;or或者;at在。on the road“在路上”,固定短语。故选A。
    14.句意:大多数的事故是因为人们不遵守交通规则造成的。
    if如果;because因为;when当……时;after在……之后。根据“Most of the accidents happen ... people don’t follow the traffic rules.”可知,句子前后是因果关系,前果后因,用because引导原因状语从句。故选B。
    15.句意:所以为了保证人们的安全,每个人都应该遵守交通规则。
    safe安全的,形容词;safety安全,名词;safely安全地,副词;more safely更安全地,副词比较级。根据“keep people ...”可知,此处为keep sb+形容词“使某人……”,空处用形容词作宾语补足语。故选A。
    16.句意:他们在开车时,禁止说话或大笑。
    or或者;and和;nor也不;but但是。根据“mustn’t”可知,否定句中用or表示并列。故选A。
    17.句意:当灯是红灯时,他们必须停止开车。
    to drive开车,不定式;driving动名词或现在分词;drive动词原形;drove动词过去式。根据“when the lights are red.”可知,此处是指停止开车,stop doing sth“停止正在做的事情”。故选B。
    18.句意:司机酒后禁止开车。
    won’t将不会;couldn’t不能;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必。根据“Drivers ... drive after drinking.”可知,司机禁止酒后开车,这是法律禁止的行为,应用mustn’t。故选C。
    19.句意:很多人乘公交车。
    bus公交车,名词单数;bus’s公交车的,名词所有格;buses’公交车的,名词所有格;buses公交车。take buses“坐公交车”。故选D。
    20.句意:我希望每个人都能够遵守交通规则,交通事故就会少一些。
    no one没有人;everyone每个人;someone某人;anyone任何人。根据“I hope ... can follow the traffic rules and there will be fewer traffic accidents.”可知,是希望每个人都能遵守交通规则,肯定句中用everyone表示。故选B。

    21.B 22.C 23.B 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.A 28.C 29.D 30.C

    【导语】本文主要讲述了作者难忘的十二岁生日。
    21.句意:我的十二岁生日是我永远不会忘记的一天。twelve十二个,泛指;twelfth第十二个;the twelve十二个;the twelfth第十二个,特指。根据空格后birthday“生日”,以及空格前形容词性物主代词my“我的”,可知应用序数词twelfth“第十二”,表“我的十二岁生日”。故选B。
    22.句意:但随着这一天的进行,很多激动人心的事情开始发生。Because因为;Although尽管;But但是;Or或者。“The day started just like any other day. ”与“a lot of exciting things began to happen”内容为转折,应用转折连词but。故选C。
    23.句意:我妈妈做了我最喜欢的早餐,中午还给我一大块巧克力。/零冠词;a一个,泛指,后接辅音音素开头的可数名词单数;the这个,特指;an一个,泛指,后接元音音素开头的可数名词单数。此处表示“一块大巧克力”,空格后的以辅音音素开头的形容词big,可知应用不定冠词a。故选B。
    24.句意:我一走进教室,全班就为我唱生日歌。of.……的;by被;in在……里面;for为了。根“the whole class sang the birthday song…me”可知此处应是同学为作者唱生日快乐歌,应用介词for。故选D。
    25.句意:作为一个安静的男孩,我从未告诉过他们我的生日。quiet安静的,形容词原级;quieter更安静的,形容词比较级;quietest最安静的,缺少定冠词the;the quietest最安静的,形容词最高级。根据空格后名词boy“男孩”,可知空格处应用形容词quiet“安静的”作定语,且无比较之意。故选A。
    26.句意:我家的生日聚使得这一天更加特别。makes一般现在时的三单形式;made一般过去时;will make一般将来时;is making现在进行时。根据“arrived”可知事情发生在过去,句子时态为一般过去时,应用动词过去式made。故选B。
    27.句意:我收到了很多礼物,我们玩了很多游戏,比如抢椅子。gifts礼物,复数;gift礼物,单数;gifts’礼物的,复数所有格;gift’s礼物的,单数所有格。根据空格前形容词many”很多”,可知空格处应用可数名词复数gifts”礼物”。故选A。
    28.句意:大家都很开心,玩得很兴奋。excite使兴奋,动词;excited兴奋的,形容词;excitedly兴奋地,副词;exciting令人兴奋的,形容词。根据空格前动词过去式played,可知空格处应用副词excitedly“兴奋地”作状语。故选C。
    29.句意:很难说再见。say动词原形;said动词过去式;saying现在分词;to say动词不定式。根据固定句式it is+形容词.+to do sth.“做某事是怎么样的”,可知此处应用动词不定式to say。故选D。
    30.句意:每个人都喜欢这些礼物,回家时脸上都挂着灿烂的笑容。they他们,主格;them他们,宾格;their他们的,形容词性物主代词;theirs他们的,名词性物主代词。根据空格后可数名词复数faces”脸”,可知空格处应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故选C。

    31.B 32.A 33.C 34.D 35.B 36.A 37.B 38.C 39.D 40.B

    【导语】本文主要介绍了与茶相关的一系列事情。例如茶的领头人,各国人民饮用茶的现状等等。
    31.句意:茶是世界上最受欢迎的饮料之一。
    drink动词原形;drinks动词三单或名词复数形式;drinking动名词;drunk过去分词。one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词,表示“最……之一”,故选B。
    32.句意:周朝以后,中国人知道了如何将茶叶制成饮料。
    a一个,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the这个/那个;/不填。此处表示泛指,且drink是以辅音音素开头的,故选A。
    33.句意:然而,他们在欧洲无法种植茶叶,所以他们从四川和云南偷了一些茶树后,在印度建造了大量的茶园。
    grown过去分词;growing动名词;grow动词原形;grew动词过去式。could not后接动词原形,故选C。
    34.句意:然而,他们在欧洲无法种植茶叶,所以他们从四川和云南偷了一些茶树后,在印度建造了大量的茶园。
    or或者;and和;but但是;so因此。“they built a large number of tea fields in India”与前文是因果关系,应填so,故选D。
    35.句意:然而,他们在欧洲无法种植茶叶,所以他们从四川和云南偷了一些茶树后,在印度建造了大量的茶园。
    steal动词原形;stole动词过去式;steals动词三单;stealing动名词。根据“built”可知,此空应填动词过去式,故选B。
    36.句意:因为欧洲的牛奶比中国便宜,英国人就往茶里加牛奶,让它变淡。
    add动词原形;adds动词三单;added动词过去式;adding动名词。根据“is”可知,此句是一般现在时,主语是复数形式,动词用原形,故选A。
    37.句意:除了欧洲,中东地区的人也很喜欢喝茶。
    to drinking介词to+动名词;drinking动名词;drinks动词三单;drunk过去分词。like doing sth“喜欢做某事”,此空应填动名词,故选B。
    38.句意:当我们谈到喝茶的常见方式时,中国人和其他国家的人都喜欢边喝茶边品尝美味。
    another另一个;other其他的,后接复数名词;others其他的人或物;the other另一个。此空后没有名词,且指“其他国家的人”,应填others,故选C。
    39.句意:日本人用不同季节收集的不同材料制作不同种类的和肉。
    of……的;in在里面;into到……里面;from从。根据“different kinds of Wagashi (和果子)…different materials”可知,用不同季节收集的不同材料,故选D。
    40.句意:为什么不边喝茶边吃甜牛肉呢?
    to eat动词不定式;eat动词原形;eating动名词;eats动词三单。why not do sth“为什么不做某事”,此空应填动词原形,故选B。

    41.places 42.But 43.a 44.changes 45.sunny 46.hours 47.about 48.doesn’t 49.called 50.to

    【导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了不同地区的天气情况。
    41.句意:在我们国家,不同的地方有不同的天气。place是可数名词,根据different可知设空处应用名词的复数形式。故填places。
    42.句意:但是在海南,冬天天气很暖和,夏天也很热。设空前表示黑龙江的冬天寒冷,夏天很热,设空后表示海南的冬天很暖和,夏天很热,设空前后是转折关系,且位于句首。故填But。
    43.句意:昆明是一个春城。此处表示泛指,且city以辅音音音素开头。故填a。
    44.句意:在伦敦,天气经常变化。主语the weather为不可数名词,所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填changes。
    45.句意:你可以在早上看到一个晴朗的日子。设空处修饰名词,应用形容词。故填sunny。
    46.句意:然后是一两个小时后的雨天或阴天。根据two可知应该用可数名词的复数形式。故填hours。
    47.句意:在伦敦,人们经常谈论天气。talk about为固定短语,意为“谈论”。故填about。
    48.句意:如果你不喜欢这种天气,那也没关系。在一般现在时中,实义动词变否定形式时应该借助助动词do/does,且本句主语为it,故填doesn’t。
    49.句意:这被叫做人造天气。主语It与动词call之间为被动关系,故此处应用被动语态。故填called。
    50.句意:我们希望有一天能决定天气。hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事”。故填to。

    51.like 52.to practice 53.his 54.John’s 55.and 56.because 57.to play 58.also 59.games 60.a

    【导语】本文主要介绍了John的个人信息,爱好以及他生日这一天的情况。
    51.句意:他会演奏很多乐器,比如钢琴、吉他和小提琴。此处表示举例说明一些乐器,用介词like。故填like。
    52.句意:他参加了学校的音乐俱乐部,通常要花很多时间练习这些乐器。固定句式:It takes sb+一段时间+to do sth表示“某人花费时间做某事”,动词不定式作主语,故填to practice。
    53.句意:当他和他的朋友在一起时,他经常玩乐器。此空修饰名词friends,应填形容词性物主代词his,故填his。
    54.句意:它是John的生日。此空修饰名词birthday,应填名词所有格形式,故填John’s。
    55.句意:他在家里举办了一个盛大而有趣的聚会。big与interesting是并列关系,用and连接,故填and。
    56.句意:梅给了他一本英语字典,因为她知道英语是他最喜欢的科目。根据“she knows English is his favorite subject”可知,空格后解释给他买英语字典的原因,用because引导原因状语从句,故填because。
    57.句意:他希望约翰尽可能多地参加体育运动以保持健康。want sb to do sth“想要某人做某事”,此空应填动词不定式,故填to play。
    58.句意:在聚会上,约翰弹吉他,他也弹钢琴。根据“John plays the guitar and he…plays the piano.”可知,也弹钢琴,此空位于肯定句句中,应填also表示“也”,故填also。
    59.句意:他们唱很多歌,玩一些有趣的游戏。game“游戏”,可数名词,根据some可知,此空应填复数形式,故填games。
    60.句意:他们今天玩得开心。have a good time“玩得愉快”,固定搭配,故填a。

    61.on 62.worry 63.colours 64.looks 65.with 66.an 67.can’t 68.me 69.will pay 70.helping

    【导语】本文是一则寻物启示,Jim丢了书包,希望能够找到失物。
    61.句意:我想我把它丢在公共汽车上了。表示“在汽车上”,应用介词on,故填on。
    62.句意:我的包里有很多重要的东西,所以我很担心。worry about“担忧……”,为固定短语,故填worry。
    63.句意:它的颜色是红色和黄色的。根据“are”可知名词colour应用复数,故填colours。
    64.句意:而且它看起来有点旧。look是动词,本句是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词用三单形式,故填looks。
    65.句意:在书包里,有一个铅笔盒,一些书和一张写着我名字的身份证。根据“an ID card...my name on it”可知是指带有名字的身份证,应用介词with,故填with。
    66.句意:铅笔盒是蓝色的,里面有两支铅笔和一块橡皮。根据“two pencils and...eraser in it.”可知此处是泛指一块橡皮,应用不定冠词,eraser以元音音素开头,应用an,故填an。
    67.句意:没有身份证我不能做很多事情。根据“do many things without my ID card”可知没有身份证很多事情都不能做,应用can’t表示“不能”,故填can’t。
    68.句意:如果你找到我的书包,请打电话给我。根据“If you find my schoolbag, please call...”可知如果找到书包,应打电话给“我”,应用宾格代词me。故填me。
    69.句意:我将付给你5美元。pay是动词,结合语境可知如果找到书包,“我”将会付五美元,应用一般将来时,故填will pay。
    70.句意:谢谢你的帮助。for是介词,后加动名词作宾语,故填helping。

    71.well 72.him 73.about/of 74.carefully 75.out 76.told 77.tried 78.questions 79.to/for 80.interested

    【导语】本文讲述了John从努力学习到迷恋游戏想要放弃学业,再到对学习感兴趣的过程。
    71.句意:他学习很好。此处修饰动词,应用副词well,故填well。
    72.句意:但是在他爸爸给他买了一个智能手机之后,一切都变了。介词后应用人称代词的宾格形式。故填him。
    73.句意:他只想到了电子游戏。think about/of“考虑”,是固定短语,故填about/of。
    74.句意:他在课堂上没有认真听老师讲课。修饰动词应用副词形式,carefully意为”认真地”,用作副词,故填carefully。
    75.句意:他想要辍学。drop out of school意为“辍学”,是固定短语,故填out。
    76.句意:当他把自己的想法告诉老师时,老师格林小姐想尽一切办法帮助他。由上下文可知,此处句时态为一般过去时,所以用tell的过去式told。故填told。
    77.句意:当他把自己的想法告诉老师时,老师格林小姐想尽一切办法帮助他。根据上下文可知,此处句时态为一般过去时,故填try的过去式tried。故填tried。
    78.句意:她在课堂上问了他一些问题。空前没有限定词,此处应用question的复数形式,故填questions。
    79.句意:约翰的家离学校很远,所以格林小姐经常给他带午饭。根据“brought lunch...him”可知,此处是短语bring sth to/for sb“为某人带某物”,故填to/for。
    80.句意:一个月后,约翰又对学习感兴趣了。be interested in“对……感兴趣”,为固定短语,符合语境。故填interested。
    三、真题在线
    一、语法选择
    (2021·广东深圳·模拟预测)This was a very interesting story. I ___1___ thousands of classes since I started school nine years ago. But one class was ___2___ of all.
    It happened last term just after I had got a bad result in ___3___ exam. I was sad and had lost my confidence. I decided ___4___ to a class ___5___ can tell me how to be successful. The speaker walked into the room. ___6___ he did not start talking like a teacher. Instead, he held up a twenty yuan note!
    “Who wants this?” he asked. Unsurprisingly, ___7___ of us in the class held up our hands. The speaker smiled. Then he put up the note on the blackboard and asked the same question. Again, we put up our hands. The speaker kept ___8___, but said ___9___. Suddenly, he threw the note onto the floor! Then he asked the same question for ____10____ time.
    I didn't understand the speaker. Why was he asking the same question again and again? I didn't know ____11____ to do. I wanted the note, so I put my hand up again. “You have all just told me how to become successful.” He said to us ____12____ the note in his hand. “The note is worth twenty yuan. It is always worth twenty yuan, even though I throw it on the floor. You are like the note. No matter what happens to you, you still have your worth.”
    Hearing those words, I ____13____ deeply. Suddenly, I realized I was worth a lot. I may have failed, but it doesn't mean I ____14____ do well in the future. If I believe in ____15____ I will be successful!
    1.
    A.have B.had C.am having D.have had
    2.
    A.important B.more important C.most important D.the most important
    3.
    A.a B.an C.the D./
    4.
    A.go B.going C.to go D.gone
    5.
    A.which B.who C.when D.where
    6.
    A.So B.Or C.But D.And
    7.
    A.both B.neither C.all D.none
    8.
    A.smile B.smiling C.smiled D.to smile
    9.
    A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
    10.
    A.three B.third C.thirdly D.the third
    11.
    A.what B.how C.why D.which
    12.
    A.to B.by C.with D.for
    13.
    A.move B.moved C.was moved D.has moved
    14.
    A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.should D.can
    15.
    A.my B.me C.mine D.myself

    (2020·广东广州·统考一模)Throughout the year, ___16___school organizes charity events and activities. One of ___17___events of the year is the food drive. For the past few years, this has been a very successful charity event and most of the students have taken part in it. Each school does its food drives a bit ___18___. However, most of the time the food drives are set up in a similar style.
    In my school it usually lasts for ___19___weeks. Most of the time, students will bring the food ___20___home. The food ___21___for a long period of time, such as canned goods and pastas. We ___22___organize activities outside the school. Some students go door to door around their neighborhood asking ___23___people are willing to donate some food. Some set up donation boxes in churches and ___24___areas such as stores or cinemas. The students all work really hard and the members of    the community are very supportive.
    After that time is over, we will bring the collected food to our local Community Table. The families in our community can go for ____25____warm meal if they need to. Usually, a group of students go with one of our teachers to deliver the food. I ____26____food with our teacher last year, and I was surprised to see so many families____27____were struggling with hunger in our community.
    I was glad that our school was able ____28____out all of those families. We do this several times each year. ____29____meaningful event! Sure, we can't change the world, ____30____we can do our best to make our world a better place.
    16.
    A.we B.us C.our D.ourselves
    17.
    A.popular B.the most popular C.more popular D.most popular
    18.
    A.differently B.different C.more different D.most differently
    19.
    A.few B.little C.a few D.a little
    20.
    A.to B.at C.into D.from
    21.
    A.should keeping B.should be kept C.should keep D.should kept
    22.
    A.also B.too C.either D.as well
    23.
    A.since B.how C.if D.why
    24.
    A.others B.another C.other D.the others
    25.
    A./ B.the C.an D.a
    26.
    A.delivered B.deliver C.delivers D.will deliver
    27.
    A.who B.where C.what D.when
    28.
    A.help B.to help C.to helping D.helped
    29.
    A.How a B.How C.What a D.What
    30.
    A.because B.so C.although D.but


    二、语法填空
    (2021·广东深圳·校联考二模)World Hello Day ____31____ (celebrate) on November 21st every year. Beginning in 1973, the day ____32____ (one) appeared in response to (回应) the fight between Israel and Egypt. And since then, about 180 countries ____33____ (take) part in this special day.
    Anyone can take part in the day ____34____ (simple) by saying hello to and greeting at least 10 people you meet! Of course, they can be family members and friends, but it is better if you are brave enough to say hello to strangers on the street. Many ____35____ (win) of the Noble Peace Prize are among the people ____36____ have realized World Hello Day’s value as a way for keeping peace.
    “World Hello Day aims at developing peace and ____37____ (clear) up barriers (障碍) between every nation. People around the world use the occasion of World Hello Day as a chance to express their anxiety for world peace,” ____38____ organizer said. “We can only achieve a peaceful world ____39____ we join together. The key is communication. We should try to create peace ____40____ talking instead of violence to each other!”

    (2021·浙江·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
            Future classroom
    It will be in the air. The walls of it will be able ____41____ (change)colours. Sometimes it will be green. It’s good  ____42____ eyes. Also it will be blue to make you relaxed.
    Future library
    You can’t see bookshelves. It is like ____43____ place to enjoy afternoon tea. There are comfortable ____44____ (chair). When you sit at the table, put in some ____45____ (word)into the screen before you. You will get anything you like to read.
    Future car
    It can go everywhere, over the land, over the water or even into the air. It’s not heavy and you can carry ____46____ with you when you’re not driving.
    Future weather
    It will be quite ____47____ (warm)or even hot all year. There ____48____ (be)no more heavy rain and cold wind in spring. There will be light rain ____49____ warm wind.
    Future holiday
    People will not do much work any ____50____ (much). They’ll do light work. They will always have long holidays to relax.

    (2017·湖南娄底·统考中考真题)阅读下面的材料,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式(每空最多不超过三个单词)。
    Nowadays we can see more and more electric bikes in the street. Electric bikes _____51_____ (be) easy to ride. They run fast and make no _____52_____ (pollute). They become very popular, _____53_____ the electric bikes also cause more traffic accidents. So China plans _____54_____ (make) new rule for the electric bike riders. If an electric bike is _____55_____ (heavy) than 40 kilos and can go faster than 20 kilometers an hour, its rider must get a license. It means riders have to pass driving tests before they ride _____56_____ (them) electric bikes on the road.
    People have different ideas after _____57_____ (hear) the plan. Some welcome the plan. A bus driver said happily, “_____58_____ a good plan! I think it will make the street much safer.” Some are not happy with the rules at all. One rider said _____59_____ (sad), “I don’t want to get a license. That’s not convenient ______60______ me to get one.” Some don’t care about it. A young rider said calmly, “I prefer to use shared bikes which are popular in many big cities of China now. I hope they can come to Loudi earlier!”

    (2021·浙江·模拟预测)Every year many people get hurt or killed in traffic accidents. People make traffic rules _____61_____ some reasons, so we must follow them. Different countries have different traffic rules. In China, all the cars drive on the right of the road, When we cross the road, we must stop _____62_____(look)left first and then right. But in England, the traffic is on the left. When you cross the road, you should look right first _____63_____ you may get into trouble.
    People have to follow many traffic rules. You must walk on the sidewalk(人行道). If you like riding _____64_____ bike, don't ride in the middle of the road or run through red traffic lights. When you ride a bike with _____65_____(you)friend, don't look around or talk. When you drive, you should repair your car _____66_____(one)as soon as you find it is _____67_____(break). It's good to help _____68_____(child)and old people who have difficulty _____69_____(cross)the road. Remember to think about others and not just yourself, ______70______ you are not the only one on the road.

    (2021·浙江·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
    In Germany, most children learn to ride their bikes ____71____ they are quite young. But if they want to ride bikes by themselves on the road, they have to pass a test. The test is quite ____72____ our driving test.
    First, the students must learn about how to ride bikes ____73____ (safe) on the road. They’ll have about 30 classes. After the classes, the students will have two tests by writing and ____74____ (answer) questions. Then, they will do some riding practice at school, and more guides ____75____ (give) by the policemen. At last, the students will have a test on the road. Some policemen will grade the students. If they pass ____76____ test, they can get a bike license. Then they are ready ____77____ (ride) on the road!
    We know German people are ____78____ (careful) in the world. We can see this from ____79____ (they) riding test for the school students. The students can not only learn useful riding _____80_____ (skill), but also they can learn the spirit of the country!
    参考答案:

    1.D 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.B 9.D 10.D 11.A 12.C 13.C 14.A 15.D

    【分析】本文中作者介绍了在他一生中最重要的一堂课。课堂上的演讲者用一个价值20元的钞票为例,讲述了一个人的价值不会因为他所处的位置而有所改变。最后让作者明白了这个道理,获得了继续努力地信心。
    1.句意:自从我九年前开始上学以来,我已经上了几千节课。
    have有,动词原形;had有,过去式;am having有,现在进行时;have had有,现在完成时;由后句“since I started school nine years ago”可知,此处应该用现在完成时,故选D。
    2.句意:但有一堂课是最重要的。
    important重要的;more important更重要的;most important最重要的,缺少定冠词the;the most important最重要的;根据空格后的“of all”可知,此处是在范围内的比较,所以应该用最高级,而形容词的最高级前要加定冠词the,故选D。
    3.句意:这件事发生在上学期我考试没考好之后。
    a/ an一个,不定冠词,表泛指;the定冠词,表特指;/零冠词;空格后是exam,是一个单数可数名词,且是元音音标开头的单词,此处表达的是“一次考试”,故选B。
    4.句意:我决定去上一堂课。
    go去,动词原形;going去,现在分词;to go去,动词不定式;gone去,过去分词;此处表达的是“决定做某事”,英语是decide to do sth,故选C。
    5.句意:我决定去上一堂能告诉我如何成功的课。
    which关系代词,先行词指物,在从句中做主语或宾语;who关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中做主语;when关系副词,先行词指时间,在从句中做状语;where关系副词;先行词指地点,在从句中做状语;分析句子结构可知,先行词是class,指物且在从句中做主语,所以用which引导,故选A。
    6.句意:但他没有像老师一样开始说话。
    So所以;Or或者;But但是;And和;分析前后句可知,此处表达的是转折关系,所以用转折关系的连词,故选C。
    7.句意:我们班上所有人都举起手来。
    both两者都;neither两者都不;all全都;none都不;根据前面的Unsurprisingly及后句“Then he put up the note on the blackboard and asked the same question. Again, we put up our hands.”可知,此处表达的是“所有的学生”,故选C。
    8.句意:演讲者一直笑着。
    smile微笑,动词原形;smiling微笑,现在分词;smiled微笑,过去式;to smile微笑,动词不定式;由语境可知,此处表达的是“一直做某事”,英语是keep doing sth,故选B。
    9.句意:演讲者一直微笑着,但什么也没说。
    something一些事情;anything任何事情;everything一切;nothing没有事情;根据语境及前句“The speaker kept   8  ”及but可知,此处表达的是“什么也没说”,故选D。
    10.句意:然后他第三次问同样的问题。
    three三,基数词;third第三,序数词;thirdly第三,副词;the third第三,序数词;根据前文““Who wants this?” he asked.”以及“Then he put up the note on the blackboard and asked the same question.”可知,此处指的是“第三次问”,英语中表达顺序用序数词,前面要加定冠词the,故选D。
    11.句意:我不知道该怎么办。
    what什么;how怎么样;why为什么;which哪一个;分析句子结构可知,空格在句中做的是do的宾语,表达“做什么”,故选A。
    12.句意:他手里拿着纸币对我们说。
    to朝,向;by通过;with有;for为了;由语境可知,此处表达的是一种伴随,表示“手里拿着……”,英语是with,故选C。
    13.句意:听到这些话,我深受感动。
    move感动,动词原形;moved感动,过去式;was moved被感动,一般过去时被动结构;has moved感动,现在完成时;根据语境理解及前句“Hearing those words”可知,此处表达的是“被感动”,主语与动词之间是被动关系,所以用被动结构,故选C。
    14.句意:但这并不意味着我将来不能做好。
    can’t不能;shouldn’t不应该;should应该;can能;根据语境理解可知,此处表达的是“不能”,故选A。
    15.句意:如果我相信自己,我会成功的!
    my我的;me我;mine我的;myself我自己;根据语境理解可知,此处表达的是“相信自己”,故选D。

    16.C 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.D 21.B 22.A 23.C 24.C 25.D 26.A 27.A 28.B 29.C 30.D

    【分析】文章大意:本文讲述了作者的学校全年都会举办募捐食品活动来帮助社区有需要的人,虽然这个举动不能改变世界,但是可以让世界变得更美好。
    16.句意:学校全年都会举办慈善活动。
    we我们,人称代词主格;us我们,人称代词宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ourselves我们自己,反身代词。根据空格后面的名词school,可知应用形容词性物主代词作定语,故选C。
    17.句意:今年最受欢迎的活动之一是食物募捐。
    popular形容词原级;the most popular形容词最高级,前面有定冠词the;more popular形容词比较级;most popular形容词最高级。根据题干,可知此处考查固定搭配:one+of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词,表示“最……之一”,故选B。
    18.句意:每个学校的食物募捐方式都有点不同。
    differently副词;different形容词;more different形容词比较级;most differently副词最高级。空格处修饰动词does,所以用副词,故选A。
    19.句意:在我的学校,它通常持续几个星期。
    few没有多少,后接可数名词;little没有多少,后接不可数名词;a few一些,后接可数名词;a little一点,后接不可数名词。weeks是可数名词,要用few或a few,排除B和D选项,根据句意可知此空表示“持续几个星期”,用a few,故选C。
    20.句意:大多数时候,学生们会从家里带食物。
    to到;at在;into在……里;from从……。根据home可知此空表示“从家带食物”,用from,故选D。
    21.句意:食品应该保存很长一段时间,如罐头食品和意大利面。
    should keeping动名词;should be kept被动语态;should keep动词原形;should kept过去式。should是情态动词,后接动词原形。主语the food与谓语动词keep是动宾关系,所以此处应用被动语态,故选B。
    22.句意:我们也在校外组织活动。
    also  也,位于实义动词前;too也,位于句末,前有逗号;either也,用于否定句;as well也,用于句末。本句是肯定句,且空格位于实义动词前,故选A。
    23.句意:一些学生挨家挨户询问他们的邻居是否愿意捐赠一些食物。
    since既然;how怎样;if是否;why为什么。根据“Some students go door to door around their neighborhood asking”,可知,学生去问邻居是否愿意捐赠食物,故选C。
    24.句意:一些人在教堂和商店、电影院等其他地方设立捐款箱。
    others其他的人或物;another另一个,后接单数名词;other其他的,后接复数名词;the others其他的人或物。空格后面是复数名词areas,所以用不定代词other,故选C。
    25.句意:如果需要的话,我们社区的家庭可以去吃一顿热饭。
    the定冠词,表示特指;an不定冠词,表示泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;a不定冠词,表示泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前。此空表示“一顿温暖的晚餐”,表泛指,且warm是以辅音音素开头的单词,故选D。
    26.句意:去年,我和老师一起去送餐。
    delivered动词过去式;deliver动词原形;delivers动词三单形式;will deliver一般将来时。时间状语last year是一般过去时的标志词,所以句子用一般过去时,故选A。
    27.句意:我惊讶地看到我们社区有那么多家庭在与饥饿作斗争。
    who指人的关系代词;where表地点的关系副词;what不可引导定语从句;when表时间的关系副词。此处是定语从句,先行词families指人,所以用关系词who,故选A。
    28.句意:我很高兴我们学校能够帮助所有这些家庭。
    help动词原形;to help动词不定式;to helping介词to加动名词;helped过去分词。根据题干可知,此处考查固定搭配:be able to do sth,意为“能够做某事”,故选B。
    29.句意:多么有意义的事情啊!
    根据“...meaningful event!”可知此处考查感叹句, 感叹句结构为:how+形容词/副词+主谓;what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数。meaningful是形容词,event是可数名词单数,故选C。
    30.句意:当然,我们不能改变世界,但我们可以尽我们最大的努力让我们的世界变得更美好。
    because因为;so所以;although尽管;but但是。根据“we can't change the world”以及“we can do our best to make our world a better place.” 可知,前后句意表示转折,所以用but连接,故选D。

    31.is celebrated 32.first 33.have taken 34.simply 35.winners 36.who/that 37.clearing 38.an 39.if 40.through/by

    【分析】本文主要介绍世界问候日的起源,参与方式以及其目的和意义。
    31.句意:每年的11月21日是世界问候日。主语World Hello Day为单数,与celebrate之间为动宾关系,用被动语态,再结合every year,句子用一般现在时,故填is celebrated。
    32.句意:从1973年开始,这一天首次出现是为了回应以色列和埃及之间的战争。根据句意可知这一天第一次出现在1973年,因此用one的序数词first。故填first。
    33.句意:从那时起,大约有180个国家参加了这个特殊的日子。根据since then可知,句子用现在完成时态,主语about 180 countries为复数,故填have taken。
    34.句意:任何人都可以参加一天的活动,只要向你遇到的至少10个人打个招呼就行了!所给词simple是形容词,修饰行为动词take part in要用副词simply。故填simply。
    35.句意:许多诺贝尔和平奖得主都认识到世界问候日作为一种维护和平的方式的价值。空前many和空后介词of可知,此处要用名词的复数形式winners,意为“获胜者”。故填winners。
    36.句意:许多诺贝尔和平奖得主都认识到世界问候日作为一种维护和平的方式的价值。根据题干可知,本句为定语从句,先行词people为人,引导词在从句中作主语,因此用who/that引导。故填who/that。
    37.句意:世界问候日旨在发展和平,消除各国之间的障碍。根据句意可知,发展和平和清除每个国家之间的障碍,是该节日的并列的两个目的,and前后词性、词形保持一致,由developing可知,空处用动名词形式;故填clearing。
    38.句意:一个组织者说。分析题干可知,此处organizer为可数名词的单数,表示泛指,因此用不定冠词,organizer以元音音素开头,因此用an,故填an。
    39.句意:只有团结起来,我们才能实现一个和平的世界。注意到句中only一词,再结合固定搭配:only…if“只要……就”,符合语境,故填if。
    40.句意:我们应该努力对彼此通过对话而不是暴力来创造和平! 空格后talking为动名词,因此填介词through/by“通过”,符合语境,故填through/by。

    41.to change 42.for 43.a 44.chairs 45.words 46.it 47.warm 48.will be 49.and 50.more

    【解析】本文介绍了未来的教室,未来的图书馆,未来的汽车,未来的天气,未来的假期分别都是什么样子。
    41.句意:它的墙壁可以改变颜色。固定搭配:be able to do sth“能够做某事”,故填to change。
    42.句意:对眼睛有好处。根据“Sometimes it will be green”及“ It‘s good…eyes”可知,绿色对眼睛有好处,be good for sth“对……有好处”,故填for。
    43.句意:它就像一个享受下午茶的地方。此处表泛指,且place是以辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。
    44.句意:有舒适的椅子。根据“are”可知,此空应填名词的复数形式,故填chairs。
    45.句意:当你坐在桌子旁边时,在你面前的屏幕上加一些词。word是可数名词,some后接可数名词的复数形式,故填words。
    46.句意:它不重,你不开车的时候可以随身携带。此空指代前文提到的“future car”,单数形式,且同类又同物,用代词it,故填it。
    47.句意:全年都会很暖和,甚至很热。be后接形容词作表语,故填warm。
    48.句意:春季将不再有大雨和寒风。整段用的都是一般将来时,此句也用there be的一般将来时there will be结构,故填will be。
    49.句意:将会有小雨和暖风。“light rain”与“warm wind”是并列关系,故填and。
    50.句意:人们将不再做很多工作。固定搭配:not…any more“不再”,故填more。

    51.are 52.pollution 53.but 54.to make 55.heavier 56.their 57.hearing 58.What 59.sadly 60.for

    【分析】本文是一篇议论文,主要讲了这些年在街上我们可以看见越来越多的电动车,电动车车速快,污染少,很受欢迎。然而随着电动车增加带来交通堵塞的问题,我国计划对电动车驾驶制定新的规则,驾驶员必须通过驾驶证考试。对此不同的人有不同的看法。
    51.句意:电动车很容易骑。根据“Nowadays”可知用一般现在时态;由“Electric bikes”是复数可知,be动词要用are。故填are。
    52.句意:它们跑得很快且没有污染。此处“no”是形容词,后要加名词;pollute是动词,表示“污染”,它的名词形式是pollution,是不可数名词。故填pollution。
    53.句意:但是,电动车也造成了更多的交通事故。根据“They become very popular”和“the electric bikes also cause more traffic accidents”可知,前半句说是电动车受欢迎,后半句说它们造成交通事故,前后转折关系,故要用but连接。故填but。
    54.句意:因此,中国计划为电动车骑手制定新规定。plan to do sth.“计划做某事”,固定表达,不定式作宾语。故填to make。
    55.句意:如果一辆电动车重量超过40公斤……。根据“than”可知用比较级,heavy的比较级为heavier,表示“更重的”。故填heavier。
    56.句意:这意味着骑电动车的人在上路之前必须通过驾驶考试。根据空后的“electric bikes”是名词可知,此处要用形容词性物主代词来修饰;them的形容词性物主代词为their。故填their。
    57.句意:听到这个计划后,人们有不同的看法。根据“after”是介词可知,后加动词的ing形式。故填hearing。
    58.句意:多么好的计划!此处考查what感叹句,结构为:What+a/an+adj.+n.单数(+主语+谓语)!故填What。
    59.句意:一个骑手伤心地说:“我不想考驾照” 。sad是形容词;根据空前的“said”是动词可知,要用副词修饰;sad的副词为sadly,表示“伤心地”。故填sadly。
    60.句意:对我而言,得到一个并不方便。be convenient for sb. to do sth. 表示“对于某人来说做什么事情很方便”。故填for。

    61.for 62.to look 63.or 64.a 65.your 66.first 67.broken 68.children 69.crossing 70.because

    【分析】本文主要介绍每年都有很多人在交通事故中受伤或丧命。怎样才能保持安全呢?我们要必须遵守交通规则;过马路之前,停下来看看路的两边;不开有故障的汽车;帮助孩子和老人过马路等建议。
    61.句意:人们制定交通规则是出于某些原因,所以我们必须遵循它们。固定短语for some reasons意为“由于某种原因”,故填for。
    62.句意:在中国,所有的汽车都在马路的右边行驶,当我们过马路时,我们必须停下来先向左看,然后向右看。此处指过马路时要停止走路,先左右看看路。固定短语stop to do意为“停下来(正在做的事)去做(另外的)某事”,所以此处用“look”的不定式形式。故填to look。
    63.句意:当你过马路时,你应该先向右看,否则你可能会陷入麻烦。根据“you may get into trouble.”可知“陷入麻烦”是不好的结果,所以用并列连词or“否则”,故填or。
    64.句意:如果你喜欢骑自行车,不要骑在马路中间,也不要穿过红灯。bike“自行车”,可数名词,此处表示泛指,所以用不定冠词“a”,固定搭配ride a bike意为“骑自行车”,故填a。
    65.句意:当你和你的朋友骑自行车时,不要环顾四周或者说话。根据空后的名词“friend”,可知此处用“you”的形容词性物主代词your“你的”,故填your。
    66.句意:当你开车时,一旦你发现车坏了,你就应该先修理它。根据“as soon as you find it is …(break)”可知车如果坏了,首先应该做的就是修理,此处缺少状语,所以用副词first“首先”作状语,故填first。
    67.句意:当你开车时,一旦你发现车坏了,你就应该先修理它。本句主语“it”指代“汽车”,其与动词break “损坏,坏掉”的关系为被动关系,所以本句用被动语态“be done”形式,所以空处用“break”的过去分词“broken”,故填broken。
    68.句意:帮助过马路有困难的儿童和老人是很好的。child“儿童”,可数名词。当可数名词前面没有冠词或限定词修饰时,通常应该用其复数形式,所以用其复数形式children,故填children。
    69.句意:帮助过马路有困难的儿童和老人是很好的。cross“横穿”,动词。固定短语have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”,所以空处用动名词形式,故填crossing。
    70.句意:记住要想着别人,而不仅仅是你自己,因为你不是唯一在路上的人。根据“think about others and not just yourself”和“you are not the only one on the road.”可知上下句为因果关系,所以用because引导原因状语从句,故填because。

    71.when 72.like 73.safely 74.answering 75.will be given 76.the 77.to ride 78.the most careful 79.their 80.skills

    【分析】本文主要讲述了大多数德国的孩子很小的时候就在父母的帮助下学会了骑自行车,但是如果他们想在路上独立地骑自行车,他们必须通过一个驾驶考试,本文详细介绍了考试的相关内容。
    71.句意:在德国,大多数孩子在很小的时候就学会骑自行车。分析句子可知这里填连词,根据“they are quite young”可知,这里填when,引导时间状语从句。故填when。
    72.句意:这个考试很像我们的驾驶考试。此处将两种测试作比较,根据下文内容可知,这个自行车考试和我们的驾照考试很像。be like像,故填like。
    73.句意:首先,学生们必须学习如何在路上安全地骑自行车。safe是形容词,意为“安全的”,这里填副词,修饰动词ride。故填safely。
    74.句意:上完课程后,学生将通过写作和回答问题进行两次测试。by是介词,by doing sth.表示“通过某种方式”,and并列两个动名词。故填answering。
    75.句意:然后,他们会在学校做一些骑行练习,警察会给他们更多的指导。more guides是主语,与动词give之间是被动关系;根据“they will do some riding practice at school”可知这里使用一般将来时的被动语态,故填will be given。
    76.句意:如果他们通过测试,他们可以获得自行车执照。test是名词,根据“At last, the students will have a test on the road.”可知当再次出现前文提到的内容,表示特指,用定冠词the。故填the。
    77.句意:然后他们准备好上路骑车了!be ready to do sth.准备好做某事;故填to ride。
    78.句意:我们知道德国人是世界上最细心的人。根据“in the world”,可知这里用形容词最高级,表示“最细心的”。故填the most careful。
    79.句意:我们可以从他们对学生的骑行测试中看出这一点。riding test是名词,前面加形容词性物主代词,故填their。
    80.句意:学生们不仅可以学习有用的骑行技术,还可以学习国家的精神!skill是名词,意为“技巧。技术”,根据“learn useful riding...”可知,空前面没有限定词,这里填名词复数,故填skills。


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