【期末考点复习】（译林版）2022-2023学年七年级英语下学期：专题7 填词（考点练习）（原卷+解析）

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七年级下学期译林版期末考点大串讲专题7 填词专练填词题解题技巧词性考点例题名词单复数I have a mobile phone. Sometimes I send some         （消息）to my parents.所有格These         （长颈鹿）necks are very long.代词人称代词My mother always tell    (I)to be careful.物主代词Look! Our new flats are really different from         （they）.反身代词The girl wrote a letter to _______(she) and she planned to open it 10 years later. 数词基数词______(hundred)of students are waiting at the school gate.序数词 The one ______________ (hundred) visitor to the museum will get a nice present.动词谓语动词时态The boy ________ (hide) this storybook under his bed the other day. 非谓语动词固定搭配We are looking forward to         （jog）in that new park.变形容词Granny's little red box is always ________  (lock). I wonder what's in it. 介词方位/时间I need to go         （穿过）the bridge to get to my flat.形容词变副词Look! How ________  (careful) the students are taking notes in their favorite class!比较级/最高级The music by Schubert makes me feel much______(relax).名词变形容词Norway is a beautiful country in the ______(north) part of Europe.形容词变名词Mr.Smith works for a big company and often travels on _____(busy).   I have a mobile phone. Sometimes I send some         （消息）to my parents.  These         （长颈鹿）necks are very long.  I need to go         （穿过）the bridge to get to my flat.   She has to take care of her         （生病的）grandpa.  It’s very cold in Russia now. Visitors need to take         （充足）of warm clothes.  He is a good         （人）and he is always helpful to others.  There are many books on my desk and I like the         （nine）beat.  We are looking forward to         （jog）in that new park.  Look! Our new flats are really different from         （they）.I often hear Kate         （sing）in the next room.【答案】  messages  giraffes’  over  sick  plenty  person  ninth  jogging  theirssing  The air__________(污染)has become one of the most serious problems for the environment.  To learn English well, we need to learn not only the grammar but also how to use it in daily _________(communicate).  The music by Schubert makes me feel much______(relax).  _______(非洲）is the third largest continent in the world.  An antonym means a word that is the_________(对立物；相反）of another in meanings.  Norway is a beautiful country in the ______(north) part of Europe.  Those primary school students have got used to______(get) up early in the morning.  Mr.Smith works for a big company and often travels on _____(busy).  Stephan Hawking is a ________(举世闻名)physical scientist.Emily took those _______(亲戚)advice and accepted the job offer.【答案】  pollution  communication  more relaxed  Africa  opposite  northern  getting  business  world-famousrelatives’  The boy ________ (hide) this storybook under his bed the other day.   My father decided ________ (not smoke) because he wanted to be healthy.   Look! How ________  (careful) the students are taking notes in their favorite class!   John was afraid of ________  (hit) others, so he learnt to ride the bike in an open area.   Granny's little red box is always ________  (lock). I wonder what's in it.   The girl wrote a letter to ________  (she) and she planned to open it 10 years later.   The boys ________  (be not) at home in the morning. They went to the cinema.  Do you know any amazing facts about ________ (sandwich)?   When you ride a motorbike, you should wear a helmet(头盔) ________ (protect) your head. ________ (giraffe) long necks help them eat the leaves from trees. 【答案】  hid  not to smoke  carefully  hitting  locked  herself  weren’t  sandwiches  to protectGiraffes’  How about                      /ri'pi:t/ your words loudly? I can’t hear you clearly.  I have no time to play with you because I have to hand in the                     (文章) tomorrow.  We saw a dog playing with a cat. It really                   (使惊奇) us a lot.  He is so good at math that he has no                (麻烦) in working out the difficult problem.  It is a poor              (老鼠)， he has only one hole.  We should p                our world by saving water, because our world is short of water.  You can ask the police for help if you l                 your way in the street.  Ice turns into water when the temperature is a                 0℃.  Young people in the 21st                   (one hundred years)are full of hope.The little boy                        (hurt someone with fire)his face because of his carelessness.【答案】  repeating  article  surprised  trouble  mouse  protect  lose  above  centuryburnt  They ________ (leave) their home in a hurry to catch the train the day before yesterday.  We are sad to hear that two policemen were ________ (bad) hurt while fighting against the criminals(罪犯).  Through many ________ (century) hard work, Chinese people built the Great Wall.  Be careful ________ (not burn) your hands when you start the camp fire.  He couldn’t find his key. He was too ________ (care).  Before taking part in the show, Tom said to ________ (he), “Don’t be nervous.”  What a great time these boys are having ________ (run) after a ball!  Different people have different ________ (able). We should learn from each other.  My cousin was ill yesterday, but now he feels much ________ (well).Her ________ (smile) eyes make her look really pretty.【答案】  left  badly  centuries’  not to burn  careless  himself  running  abilities  bettersmilingThey are looking forward to the _______________(出生) of their child.It’s amazing to see many people with different ______________(能力) on Douyin.The baby ______________(老鼠) mother went out look for food for them. The one ______________ (hundred) visitor to the museum will get a nice present.“This is it!”the boy said to _____________ (he).Huaihai Road is always very busy and _____________ (noise).Some of the benches in the park are _______________ (bad) broken.I often worry about _____________ (forget) to take my mobile phone with me.The ball is small but it ___________ (weigh) about 10 kilograms.My father __________ (teach) me to ride a bicycle the other day.The students decide _____________ (raise) money for the people in Yibin.---Jack, we have to ___________ (hurry) up. ---OK. I’m coming.【答案】  birth  abilities  mouse’s  hundredth  himself  noisy  badly  forgetting  weighedtaughtto raisehurry【真题在线】南京扬子中学根据句意和汉语注释，写出单词的正确形式。38. He often  _________ (搜寻) for information on the Internet.39. He never  _________ (回复)to any of my emails, and I didn’t know why.40. Please knock on the door before  _________ (进入) the office.41. People didn’t know much about the earth _________ (世纪) ago.42. Jack's father likes eating fruit very much, _______________ (尤其)watermelons.43. Dr. Bethune, with his_______________（医疗的）team, set off for the front at once.44. The new _______________ (秘书) are taking a training course this week.45. He asked me to put the chair ______________ (紧靠着) the wall.46. The more she makes up, the______________ (丑的) she becomes.47. Someone has ______________ (粗心大意地) left a window open.【答案】38. searches    39. replied    40. entering    41. centuries    42. especially    43. medical    44. secretaies    45. against    46. uglier    47. carelessly【解析】【38题详解】句意：他经常上网查询信息。often经常，用于一般现在时。he是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填searches。【39题详解】句意：他从来没有回复我的邮件，我也不知道为什么。本句缺谓语动词，and连接并列结构，前后时态须一致。根据句意结构和汉语提示，可知填replied。【40题详解】句意：进办公室前请先敲门。before在……以前，介词，后接动名词形式。根据句意结构和汉语提示，可知填entering。【41题详解】句意：几个世纪以前人们对地球了解不多。centuries ago几个世纪以前；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填centuries。【42题详解】句意：杰克的爸爸非常喜欢吃水果，尤其是西瓜。eat吃，动词需用副词修饰。本句省略动词eat，especially尤其，表强调。根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填especially。【43题详解】句意：白求恩医生和他的医疗队立刻出发去前线。team小组，名词需用形容词修饰；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填medical。【44题详解】句意：新来的秘书本周要参加一个培训班。new新的，形容词修饰名词；系词are需跟在复数人称后；根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填secretaries。【45题详解】句意：他让我把椅子靠在墙上。根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填against。46题详解】句意：她化妆越多，变得越丑。“the+比较级……，the+比较级……”表示“越来越……”。根据句意语境和汉语提示，可知填uglier。【47题详解】句意：有人粗心地开了一个窗户。leave遗留，动词需用副词修饰；根据句意结构和汉语提示，可知填carelessly。点睛：单词拼写题，要求根据句意及汉语或首字母提示用单词的正确形式填空，主要考查单词形式，包括名词的单复数和所有格、动词的三单形式、非谓语动词、基数词或序数词，主格代词/宾格代词和物主代词（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握句意，在理解的基础上把握句子时态，从而判断所给单词的正确形式。根据句意用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。48. It’s dangerous _______________ (swim) in the lake.49. The policeman___________________ (stop) the woman's car and asked her name.50. Lucy can look after ____________ now because she is 12 years old. (she)51. It's not polite to leave home without____________(say)goodbye.52. Alice stood up and saw a white rabbit_____________ (pass) by.53. Do you have the________（able）to keep yourself safe in the forest?54. If you are _________ (care), you may not find the small bookshop.55. One of the workers was _______ (bad) hurt yesterday afternoon.56. The engineer says that it’ll take at________ (little) three years to build this tall building.57. The doctor can make Neil ______________ (feel) better than before.【答案】48. to swim    49. stopped    50. herself    51. saying    52. passing    53. ability    54. careless     55. badly    56. least    57. feel【解析】【48题详解】句意：在湖里游泳是危险的。it’s+形容词+不定式短语，是固定句式，it是形式主语，不定式短语是真正主语。根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填to swim。【49题详解】句意：警察拦住了女人的车，问了她的名字。and连接并列结构，前后时态须一致。根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填stopped。【50题详解】句意：露西现在可以照顾自己了，因为她12岁了。look after照顾，接代词做宾语，根据句意语境和英文提示，可知用反身代词，故填herself。【51题详解】句意：不说再见就离开家是不礼貌的。without没有，介词，后接名词或动名词。根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填saying。【52题详解】句意：爱丽丝站起来，看见一只白兔从旁边经过。see sb./sth. doing看见某人/某物正在做某事；see sb./sth. do看见某人/某物做过某事，强调看见了事情的经过。本句是看见白兔正从旁边过，根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填passing。【53题详解】句意：你有能力在森林里保持安全吗？定冠词the后接名词；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填ability。【54题详解】句意：如果你粗心，你可能找不到那家小书店。if条件句缺表语形容词；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填careless。【55题详解】句意：昨天下午一名工人受了重伤。hurt受伤，动词需用副词修饰；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填badly。【56题详解】句意：工程师说建造这座高楼需要至少三年的时间。at least至少，固定短语；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填least。【57题详解】句意：医生可以让尼尔感觉比以前更好。make sb. do，表示“让某人做某事”；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填feel。南京旭东中学单词拼写38. Do you often do outdoor______________(活动)?39. Near the _________(末尾) of he class, he told us a story.40. ‘Sticks’___________(押韵) with ‘tricks’.41. He was so surprised that he opened his mouth_________(大).42. My dog is friendly. He never _________(吠叫) or bites.43. Do they like eating _______________ (三明治)?44. The picture on the wall is one of the  _______________ (艺术家).45. Confucius, a great thinker, lived in the Spring and Autumn ________. (时期)46. Nobody _______________ (相信) what he says because he seldom tells the truth.47. The farmer threw the bones _______________ (穿过) the window to the hungry dogs.【答案】38. activities    39. end    40. rhymes    41. wide    42. barks    43. sandwiches    44. artists    45. period    46. believes    47. through【解析】【38题详解】句意：你经常做户外活动吗？“活动”英文表达是activity，由句意可知此处表示泛指，所以应用其复数形式，故答案填activities。【39题详解】句意：快下课的时候，他给我们讲了一个故事。“末尾”英文表达是end，the end of he class“下课了”，故答案填end。【40题详解】句意：“Sticks”带有“tricks”的韵脚。“押韵”英文表达是rhyme，本句中Sticks加了引号，这里代表的是这个单词，而不是Sticks本身词义，所以rhyme应用第三人称单数形式，故答案填rhymes。【41题详解】句意：他惊讶得张大了嘴巴。由题干可知空格处修饰前面的动词open，所以此处应用副词形式；wide意为“张得很大的、广阔地”，可以作为副词用，故答案填wide。【42题详解】句意：我狗很友好， 他从不吠叫或者咬人。“吠叫”英文表达是bark，由前半句中系动词is可知时态用一般现在时，主语是he，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案填barks。【43题详解】句意：他们喜欢吃三明治吗？“三明治”英文表达是sandwich，由句意可知此处表示泛指，所以应用其复数形式，故答案填sandwiches。    【44题详解】句意：墙上的图画画的是一位艺术家。one of+可数名词复数，表示“…中的一个”，“艺术家”英文表达是artist，其复数形式是artists，故答案填artists。【45题详解】句意：孔子，一位伟大的思想家，生活在春秋时期。“时期”英文表达是period，这里指春秋时期，所以用单数形式，故答案填period。【46题详解】句意：没有人相信他说的话，因为他很少讲真话。由题干可知本句缺少谓语动词，“相信”动词，英文表达是believe；本句表达的是客观事实要用一般现在时，主语是不定代词Nobody，所以believe用第三人称单数形式，故答案填believes。【47题详解】句意：农民将骨头扔到窗户外给饥饿狗。表示穿过用介词，穿过窗户用through the window，指从内部穿过，故答案天through。动词填空48. Why __________________(not open) the window? It’s very hot inside.49. Five days ______________ (late), he came to my home again and took away that computer.50. That’s too _________________(noise) outside. I can’t get to sleep. Please close the windows.51. My little sister made the same mistakes（错误） again because she was too ___________(care).52. Lily is very happy to see her mother and runs _______________ (quick) to her.53. He will call you when he __________ (come) back tomorrow evening.54. The clothes in the shopping centre __________(sell) well the other day.55. ______(get) to the zoo, you should take the first crossing on the right.56. There are a lot of people ____________ (wait) for the bus at the bus stop now.57. There are so many desks and chairs. You should make enough people ____ (carry) them out of it.【答案】48. not open    49. later    50. noisy    51. careless    52. quickly    53. comes    54. sold    55. To get    56. waiting    57. carry【解析】【48题详解】句意：为什么不打开窗户呢？里面很热。由题干可知本句考查why not…？句型，意思是“为什么不…？”用来提建议，why not后跟动词原形，此处表示否定，故答案填not open。【49题详解】句意：五天后，他又来到我家，拿走了那台电脑。根据关键词Five days，结合提示词为形容词late"晚的"，可知这里应是指时间的表达即五天以后，所以此处应该用其副词later"后来，以后"，此为固定表达，故答案填later。【50题详解】句意：外面太吵了，我睡不着，请关上窗户。根据题干可知此处要用形容词作表语，noise是名词，与其所对应的形容词是noisy，故答案填noisy。【51题详解】句意：我妹妹又犯了同样的错误，因为她太粗心了。根据关键词was too可知其后应该跟形容词；结合语境My little sister made the same mistakes（错误）again 我妹妹又犯了同样的错误，可推知是因为太粗心所致；结合提示词为动词care，所以应用其形容词careless"粗心的"填空，故答案填careless。52题详解】句意：Lily看到她妈妈很高兴，赶紧跑到她身边。根据该空处在句中作状语修饰动词run，故填入所给词的副词形式，根据所给词quick为形容词意为"快的"其对应的副词为quickly，故答案为：quickly。【53题详解】句意：他明天晚上回来的时候给你打电话。根据He will call you when he ____ (come) back tomorrow evening. 可知他明天晚上回来的时候给你打电话，这里when引导一个时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，主语是he，所以提示词come用第三人称单数形式，故答案填comes。【54题详解】句意：前几天那家购物中心的衣服卖得很好。根据The clothes in the shopping centre ___ (sell) well the other day. 可知前几天那家购物中心的衣服卖得很好，这里the other day是表示过去时间的时间短语，用于一般过去时之中，这里只是说衣服卖的好，无需强调是谁卖的，所以不需要用被动语态，故答案填sold。【55题详解】句意：要到动物园，你应该在第一个十字路口向右拐。根据_____(get) to the zoo, you should take the first crossing on the right. 可知要到动物园，你应该在第一个十字路口向右拐．这里用动词不定式to get作目的状语，因其位于句首，所以第一个字母要大写，故答案填To get。【56题详解】句意：现在有许多人在公共汽车站等车。根据句意：现在有许多人在公共汽车站等车。可知此句是there be句式，意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或者“某地/时有某物/人”；wait for意思是“等待”，此处用动名词waiting作后置定语，修饰前面的名词people，故答案填waiting。【57题详解】句意：房间里有那么多桌子和椅子，你应该让足够多的人把它们搬出来。点睛：做这类题型，首先要粗读每个句子，看每个句子是什么意思。然后看所要填写的内容在句子中做什么成分，需要什么词性；最后按照所给出的单词提示，结合相关的语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。如，第1小题，由题干可知是考查why not…？句型，后跟动词原形，此处表示否定，故答案填not open。第10小题，根据题干中的make是使役动词，可知后面要用动词原型，故答案填carry。