【期末专题复习】（牛津译林版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题18- 阅读填表12篇（10空题）（名校最新期末真题）（含解析）

这是一份【期末专题复习】（牛津译林版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题18- 阅读填表12篇（10空题）（名校最新期末真题）（含解析），共31页。试卷主要包含了 查表， 析文， 填表等内容，欢迎下载使用。

牛津译林版八年级下学期期末考点大串讲
(名校最新期末真题)
专题18 阅读填表12篇（10空题）

解答此类题型， 需要按照＂查表→析文→填表＂的思路进行：
1. 查表。阅读表格， 分析表格的项目内容和结构特征， 从而把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的标题栏和表格前的小标题， 这样有助于理解文章大意。
2. 析文。快速浏览全文， 把握文章大意；再仔细阅读文章内容， 找准细节定位。阅读文章是， 要利用多种阅读技巧， 对文章进行全面理解。
3. 填表。进行填表。多数题目的答案可以在文章中直接找出；少数题目需要在分析原文的基础上， 结合题目对文章进行理解归纳答案；还需注重书写习惯， 多注意大小写的运用。

（2022春·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）If you decide to go to England for further study, you should get to know it in advance. England is the biggest of the four countries in the United Kingdom. Together with Scotland and Wales, these three countries are the island of Great Britain. When you include Northern Ireland, we call it the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Over 50 million people live in England and that’s around 80 percent of the total UK population（人口）. It is a multicultural（多种文化的）） country where people speak more than 250 languages in the capital city, London. Laws and political decisions in England are made by the Parliament（议会）of the United Kingdom.
Language
The official language of England is English. Many students go to England from other countries to study the language and learn about the culture. Although（虽然）everyone speaks English, there are many different accents（口音）all over the country.
Music
English people love music. In summer there are music festivals all over the country like those at Glastonbury, or Leeds. Glastonbury is a five-day festival of music, dance, comedy, theatre and circus（马戏团） and around 175,000 people go. People listen to all types of music and they have a special interest in pop and rock. England has produced many international groups and singers like the Beatles, Coldplay, Ed Sheeran and Adele.
Sport
The most popular sports in England are football, rugby and cricket and most towns have a sports ground where teams can play. English football teams like Manchester United, Chelsea and Liverpool are famous all over the world. Women’s football is also popular and teams play in leagues and competitions all over the country.
Food
England is a very multicultural country and this causes a big change to the food people eat. Indian, Chinese and Italian cuisines（菜肴）are popular alternatives to traditional English food like fish and chips and roast beef. Many English people drink several cups of tea every day, usually with milk.
Getting to know England
___1___
You should get to know England before __2__ up your mind to study there. The UK has actually 4 parts, ___3___ England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
The Parliament（议会）of the United Kingdom has ___4___ to make laws and political decisions in England.
Over 250 languages are ____5____ in London.
Everyone speaks English, ____6____ there are many accents.
There’re music festivals ____7____ the country in summer. People listen to all types of music, ____8____ pop and rock.
Many English football teams like Liverpool are ____9____.
As a multicultural country, it makes a big ____10____ to people’s diet.

（2022春·江苏泰州·八年级统考期末）任务型阅读
All children should grow up happily and healthily. However, some children are facing or will face abuse（虐待）in their lives. They’ll be hurt or touched on private(私人的) parts of their body. We call these unsafe touches and they are abuse. Unsafe touches are scary and confusing（迷惑的）because they can seem playful or gentle. Even if it can be very hard to talk about it for children who experience unsafe touches from a friend or family member, we have to talk about it.
The following six rules are “The Protect Yourself Rules” created by Barbara Sinatra Children’s Center Foundation. Children can use these rules to know unsafe situations when they see them and to know how to get away if they need it.
Safe Touch, Unsafe Touch
We know safe touches are hugs from our family or high-fives with our friends. But unsafe touches are touches on private parts of your body. No one should ever touch you on your part of body that are covered by your bathing suit or ask you to touch their private parts. However, it is okay for a doctor to touch you on your private parts when giving you a check-up when your mom or dad is in the room.
Tell a Grown-up
If someone gives you an unsafe touch, they might want you to keep it a secret. They might make you promise or give you presents to keep you from telling. But you always have to tell. You can tell your parents or another grown-up what has happened. It’s never your fault if someone touches you like this. Keep telling until someone helps you and makes sure the unsafe touches never happen again.
Stranger Safety
A stranger is a person you don’t know. Most strangers are usually nice and friendly. We don’t have to be afraid of them but we should always make smart choices around the people we don’t know. Being smart means don’t be alone with strangers or go anywhere with them even if they seem nice.
Doesn’t Matter Who It Is
Besides strangers, we should protect ourselves from any potential abuse. Even if someone may be your friend, your private parts should never be touched. But, also keep in mind that most people are good and we shouldn’t be afraid of people around us with an uneasy psychology.
Hitting Is Wrong
If someone hits you, or you see someone is being hurt, remember to tell another grown-up. Telling teachers and asking for their help is also a good choice.
Shout, Run, Tell
If anyone makes you feel unsafe, shout “stop!” or “don’t touch me!” loudly and clearly. It doesn’t matter who it is or where you are. Shout at them to stop, run away and tell the adults you trust. Don’t be scared. Shout as loud as you can. The more people that hear you, the better.
We hope children abuse never happens, but if someone hurts you, remember these six rules and use them to protect yourself.
Children’s self-protection
At present
All children should grow up happily and healthily but some children are facing or will face abuse in their lives.For children who have experienced the abuse, it is very hard to talk about, which makes the situation ____11____.
____12____
To help more children know unsafe situations and protect themselves, Barbara Sinatra Children’s Center Foundation created “The Protect Yourself Rules”.
The Protect Yourself Rules
Safe Touch, Unsafe TouchIt’s hard to tell the ____13____ between safe touches and unsafe touches because some unsafe touches seem to be playful or gentle. Hugs from family, high-fives with friends and doctor’s check-up can be ____14____ as safe touches. Unsafe touches mean touches on private parts that are covered by bathing suit.
Tell a Grown-up
People who give you an unsafe touch might ask you to keep it a secret by ____15____ you presents. But you have to keep telling until someone helps you and makes sure that the unsafe touches never happen a ____16____ time.
Stranger Safety
We should always make smart choices around ____17____ and never be alone with them or go anywhere with them even if they seem nice.
Doesn’t Matter Who It Is
We should protect ourselves from any potential abuse. But, also ____18____ that most people are good and we should live with an easy psychology.
Hitting Is Wrong
If someone hits you, or you see someone is being hurt, remember to tell the grown-ups.
Shout, Run, Tell
If anyone makes you feel unsafe, shout in a ____19____ and clear voice, run away and tell the adults you ____20____ in. The more people that hear you, the better.

（2022春·江苏泰州·八年级统考期末）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章下面表格的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Stepping into a bookstore, you might notice shelves labelled (标注着) “self-help”. You may not know what these books are about. In fact, more people are turning to self-help books for advice these days. You can’t imagine (想象) that sales of these books in the UK reached about three million last year.
Self-help books are usually written by some famous writers, psychologists (心理学家) or successful businessmen. They teach you what to do when you have problems in your life—for example, how to get along with your classmates or coworkers, how to manage your time well or how to find happiness.
Paul Sweetman, the owner of City Books in the UK, said the social environment might be one reason why more people are reading self-help books. Recently, the social environment has become more and more stressful (有压力的) . “Some people come into the bookstore because they’re really tired of things. They’re looking for something relaxing to calm themselves, “Paul said. Besides, younger readers—such as people born after 2000—seem to understand their own problems better, according to British psychologist Caroline Beaton. This means they’re more willing to improve themselves by reading self-help books.
Self-help books were something people laughed at in the past. Many people didn’t take chicken soup stories or “success theory” books seriously. But now they’re becoming increasingly attractive (有吸引力的) to people.
From my point of view, whatever the reason for the growing interest in self-help books is, it’s good to know that help is at hand if we need it. But do these books truly help us? Read one and find out.
Self-help books are becoming popular
____21____ self-help books are
★Self-help books are books written by some famous writers, psychologists or successful businessmen.★They offer readers ____22____ on what to do when facing problems.
The growing popularity
★These books ____23____ to be something people laughed at, but now they’re becoming increasingly attractive to people.★Last year, about three million self-help books were bought in the UK.
____24____ forthe popularity
★Social environment: In ____25____ years, the social environment has become more and more stressful.★People’s tiredness: People are looking for ways to ____26____ and calm themselves.
★Younger ____27____ need: They understand their problems better and want to improve themselves by ____28____ self-help books.
The writer’s opinions
★It is good to know that we can get help easily when it is ____29____.★We can’t tell if these books are really ____30____ if we don’t read them.

（2022春·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）A）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后的空格内填入一个恰当的单词。（每空一词）

In March 2019, while Zhang Meng, an editor, was looking at Weibo, she found a comic strip that personified Chinese characters（汉字）by chance and was immediately attracted by its creativity. The story, created by Milehemilu called Word Man, took place in a world where citizens（市民）were all Chinese characters. They had to live according to the original meanings of the characters and radicals（the characters’ parts）were not allowed to live alone. Chou, which means ugliness in Chinese, met a fugitive（逃亡的）Tishoupang（“扌”that was running from the Radical Hunters. The two formed a new character Niu（“扭”）. Then they started an adventure（冒险）in the world of Chinese characters.
Milehemilu, born in 1997, represents（代表）a new generation of writers who are inspired by Chinese traditional culture. Before developing a story and the “personality” for a Chinese character, Milehemilu would first learn about the origin and development of its meanings.
Pan Liang, an editor, noticed that in the last three to four years, an increasing number of products related（相关的）to traditional Chinese culture have become popular among young people. “Chinese traditional culture has become a fashion these years possibly because people feel confident about our country and culture,” he says.
For example, Yu Qiuyu’s Lectures on Chinese Culture published in 2019 has sold more than 300,000 copies. It is a systematic explanation of Chinese traditional culture by the essayist and scholar. The Travel Guide to the Tang Dynasty is also one of the bestselling books. In an interesting and creative way, it talks about the historical background and social and cultural knowledge more than 1,000 years ago.
Pan says although there are a lot of books about traditional Chinese culture in the market, only if young people can find it interesting to read them can these books sell well.
The classics will finally stay after the sifting time, but “what we need to do is to change those cold texts into something alive, just like craftspeople”, Pan says, “which is quite challenging”.
Title: Traditional books back in fashion
Introduction
* More and more products about traditional culture have become a ____31____ among young people. * Chinese traditional culture has become popular possibly because of people’s ____32____ in our country and culture.
Examples
Word Man
Story
* In the story, Chou met a ____33____ calledTishoupang, formed a new character Niu and started an adventure.
Writer
* The writer, Milehemilu, ____34____ for the writers encouraged by traditional Chinese culture. * Before creating the “personality” for a Chinese character, he would first learn about how its meanings originated and ____35____.
Lectures on Chinese Culture
* The ____36____ of the book, have reached over 300,000 copies. * Yu Qiuyu ____37____ Chinese traditional culture systematically through the book.
The Travel Guide to the Tang Dynasty
* It introduces history and culture of the society ____38____ ten centuries ago.
Conclusion
* Whether books about traditional Chinese culture can sell well ____39____ on whether “young people can have fun in reading”. * The texts of the classics need to be brought to _____40_____.

（2022春·江苏泰州·八年级统考期末）阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，每个空格只填1个单词。

Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic straws (吸管) and bags. More and more businesses are turning to paper products as a choice. As a kind of material, paper is widely considered to be greener than plastic. However, it may come as a surprise when we find out the truth.
Firstly, paper bags and straws are made from trees. Trees, as we all know, can reduce carbon dioxide (减少二氧化碳) levels in the air. They can slow down climate (气候) change. The use of more paper bags can lead to more acts of cutting down trees.
Secondly, products made of paper require more energy and water. About 10% more energy and four times more water are used to produce a paper bag than to make a plastic one. You might say that we can use recycled paper to save that energy and water. This seems to be a good idea. However, it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process than to make a brand-new paper bag.
Thirdly, paper products are heavier than plastic ones. That means they require more oil to transport. Seven trucks are needed to transport two million paper bags, while to transport the same number of plastic bags, one truck is enough. Once the bags are thrown away, the increased weight also leads to a large amount of waste.
So, paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the environment and businesses. They are harmful to our planet, as well as the plastic ones. Is there anything we can do to protect our planet?
The most environment-friendly solution is to avoid single-use products. Products like glass bottles and steel straws can be reused easily. They are much more eco-friendly(对生态环境友好的) than either paper products or plastic ones. By increasing the usage of these products, we can greatly reduce the throw-away waste in our daily life and save more resources. If so, we can truly make our planet greener!
How to make our planet greener
Introduction
It is not ____41____ that using paper instead of plastic will be greener.
Explanations:  why using paper products isn’t a good way
____42____ more acts of cutting down trees. Trees can slow down climate change by ____43____ carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.Require more energy and water.
*____44____ a paper bag takes about 10% more energy and four times more water than a plastic one.
*Making a brand-new paper bag takes ____45____ energy and water than going through the recycling process.
Require more oil to transport
*Transporting two million paper bags needs ____46____ times as many trucks as transporting the same number of plastic ones.
*The increased weight also leads to much waste once we ____47____ the bags away.
Conclusion
Paper products are actually a lose-lose for not only the environment but also businesses. Using ____48____ products does harm to environment, as well as plastic ones.
____49____
Avoiding single-use products is the most environment-friendly way.We can use products like glass water bottles and steel straws _____50_____ of plastic ones.
Reducing the throw-away waste can help save more resources.

（2022春·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）请认真阅读下面短文，在文章后的表格中第71~80小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Charity is big business: in 2020 about 410 billion yuan was raised for charity in China. But every year there is more suffering in the news. Sometimes it feels like people ask us for money everywhere we go. With so many charities, how can they get enough money?
Charity is not a modern idea. Over the years people have found new and interesting ways to get the money they need. In 3500 BC King Hammurabai of Babylon encouraged（鼓励）his people to share their wealth with their poorest neighbours. For thousands of years, the world’s main religions（宗教）have encouraged people to do the same. In the1970s more and more people had televisions, so charities made films of suffering（受苦）children and brought the world problems straight into people’s homes. The 1980s was a time of big business, so charities became more business-like: they made money by making and selling everything from Christmas cards to summer holidays!
In the 1990s, famous people like Claudia Schiffer and Michael Jordan made millions of dollars for big international companies like Citroen and Nike. So charities started using famous people too. During the 1990s Sting planned music events for the Rainforest Foundation. With help from other singers, he earned more than $10 million to help protect the lives of people living in rainforests.
Today, charities are using the “personal touch” to earn money. People give more when they can see their money working in the area they live in, and when they have a personal relationship（关系）with the charity.
Some people never give to charities. They say that their money cannot mend these world-wide problems. This is true, but most people know that a little help is better than none. Look more closely at charity work and you will see that each person can do something to make our world better.
Charities
Big business
In 2020 people ____51____ about 410 billion yuan to charity in China.
Ways of raising money in different ____52____
Ø    In 3500 BCIn Babylon the ____53____ were encouraged to share their wealth with the poor.
Ø    In the 1970s
TV helped to ____54____ the news of suffering children and the world’s problems quickly and widely.
Ø    In the 1980s
Charities made money by ____55____ like businesses.
Ø    In the 1990s
Charities raised money with the ____56____ of famous people.
Ø    Today
People will give more if their money works in the ____57____ area.
People are ____58____ to give more when they have a close relationship with the charity.
____59____
Ø    Everyone can do something to help.Ø    A little help can make a big _____60_____.

（2022春·江苏泰州·八年级校考期末）As millions of people have to stay at home because of flu, livestreaming（直播）has taken off. It has not only entertained（娱乐）the public, but also provided a new stage for traditional culture artists.
On video websites and apps such as Douyin and Bilibili, many traditional artists are making their first appearance（出现）. They sing Peking Opera, show their paper-cutting works, or perform（表演）Chinese kung fu as well as classical Chinese music.
Li Jun is a laosheng (old male role) performer of Shanghai Jingju Theater Company. During the outbreak, the 59-year-old man started livestreaming. He tried to think of new ways to attract people. Different from performing on a normal stage, Li gives his performance（表演）in everyday places, like his backyard and study room. Along with singing, Li also teaches viewers Peking Opera in a humorous way.
“Livestreaming has brought this classical art clown（小丑）to earth,” one viewer said. “It allows young people to know more and fall in love with Peking Opera.” Up to now, Li has got more than 6, 000 fans on Douyin, while one of his videos has received 42, 000 views on Bilibili.
Other kinds of artists also believe that livestreaming is a new chance. On March 26, the third China Huafu Day, Bilibili livestreamed a fashion show. Performers（表演者）showed beautiful clothes in traditional Chinese styles, including those from the Wei, Tang and Ming dynasties. During the show, viewers not only enjoyed seeing the beautiful clothes but also watched the way performers used ancient styles of make up（化妆）. For example, a performer taught people step by step how to draw the guiyemei, which was a typical make-up style during the Tang dynasty.
Guangming Daily noted, “By livestreaming, the traditional artists can give answers directly to the questions viewers ask, which brings a lot of convenience. At the same time, traditional culture is kept alive, because it has won more and more young people’s heart.”
Livestreaming—A New Stage Keeping Traditional Culture ____61____
Background
Livestreaming becomes __62__ because people have to stay at home during the flu outbreak.
Influences
Many traditional artists ____63____ on video websites and apps to livestream for the first time. Some artists sing Peking Opera, show their paper-cutting works, perform Chinese kung fu and they play classical Chinese music ____64____.
____65____
A Peking Opera performance. ●Different from performing on a normal stage, Li Jun goes popular with his creativity, as his livestreaming performance in everyday places is provided for online viewers in a ____66____ way.
●Livestreaming makes it possible for young people to know more and fall in love with Peking Opera.
A fashion show on Huafu Day ● Livestreaming is ____67____ as a new chance to show beautiful traditional Chinese clothes for people to enjoy.
● Performers on the show also showed ____68____ they made themselves up in the ancient styles.
Advantages
● People can have ____69____ communication with traditional artists.●A growing number of young people are starting to showing more ______70______ in traditional culture.

（2022春·江苏南京·八年级南师附中新城初中校联考期末）任务型阅读，注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Most of us have never thought about building an educational toy by ourselves. If we need a learning toy or something, we simply go to the nearest store and buy it. However, things are not as easy in third world countries. With families even having no food to put on the table, they will never think about buying educational toys.
So how can one get these kids interested in science? This was a question that worried the Indian engineer Arvind Gupta so much that he decided to give up a good job and spend his life making toys from trash, things that people no longer want or need!
Mr Gupta began teaching in the 1970s. While still an engineering student at the Indian College of Technology, he volunteered to teach the children who were too poor to go to school. Upon graduation（毕业）, he found a good job at India’s Tata Motors and spent the next five years designing cars.
But he soon realized that this was not something he wanted to do for the rest of his life. He thought he needed to receive some training, so he took a year’s training course and took part in the Hoshangabad Science Teaching Program which was to make science fun and exciting for poor children using available materials.
Mr Gupta found the whole project so satisfying that he decided to leave his high paying job and focus his attention on designing educational toys that were not only cheap and easy to build, but also full of scientific principles（科学原理）, so that children could get interested in this interesting subject.
When the Internet started becoming a more widespread learning tool, Mr Gupta created a toys from Trash website and also recorded over 250 YouTube videos.
Today, over 50,000 children and teachers visit the website daily to download the videos for the toy creations based on cool science. Some young children have become so inspired（鼓舞） that they have even won international science competitions.
____71____ for making them
●Most people never think about building educational toys. ●Usually people go to a store to buy educational toys in need.
●To some poor families, buying educational toys is the ____72____ thing on the parents’ minds.
About Gupta
●He volunteered to teach the children who could hardly ____73____ to go to school when he was a student at college. ●It ____74____ him five years to design cars at India’s Tata Motors after leaving college.
●He thought it ____75____ to get some training so he took a year’s training course.
●He took part in a program. Its ____76____ was to make science interesting and exciting for poor children using available materials.
●He ____77____ his good job and devoted his life to making special toys.
About the website
●Toys from Trash is a website with over 250 YouTube videos.● The website is ____78____ by many children and teachers daily.
● With the ____79____ of the website, children have chances to take part in international science competitions and win some prizes.
Conclusion
What Mr Gupta does has made a big ______80______ to some poor children.

（2022春·江苏南京·八年级校联考期末）
Noisy neighbors are a problem in a society where many people live closely together. And this can be the most important when you share walls, floors or ceilings with neighbors in a flat—noisy neighbor can make life challenging, especially if noise goes well into night, or happens during early morning hours. This situation needs to be dealt with properly, which needs your ability to keep calm.
First, you should try to tell your neighbors about the noise. This conversation should be polite and friendly. It can begin with words like “I am not sure you know that.” Explain the problem in an honest way, and ask the neighbors to turn down the music, or not to hold parties until 3 a.m. You can also say that you realize they hear your noise too, and you’re willing to try to stop anything in your behavior that is creating much noise.
You should know that not all neighbors are going to follow your requirements, and some may act in a bad manner. If the noisy neighbors don’t change their behaviors, the next step should be to write the neighbors a letter. The letter should show your grievances（不满）and the dates when the noise was quite terrible. For example, if your neighbor has loud gatherings every Friday night that last into the early morning, then write down those dates.
When the noise remains going on, you should report it to local authorities（权力部门）, or even call the police, when it is really necessary. Often, however, you can solve the problem when the noisy neighbor knows you are going to call the police.
Be aware that you can’t always make noisy neighbors be quiet. When the noise remains going on, it is wise not to deal with it in an angry way. If you have completed the steps and letter don’t start hitting walls or floors around in your home or turning up the music to make your neighbors angry. Just have patience and remember that communication is the most important.
Introduction
A noisy neighbor makes life challenging, but the problem needs to be dealt with ____81____.
____82____
____83____with your neighbors
●Start the conversation with politeness.●Explain the problem ____84____and ask the neighbor to reduce noise.
●Admit that you make noise too, and promise not to create noise ____85____.
Writing letters
● Some neighbors won’t ____86____, your requirement or change their behavior. ●Show your grievances and the ____87____ when the noise was quite terrible.
Reporting to local authorities
●If the noise ____88____ you should report it to local authorities when really necessary. ●Usually, the problem will be ____89____when the noisy neighbor knows you will call the police.
Conclusion
●Don’t deal with the problem in an angry way. ●Keep ____90____and try to talk with your neighbors.

（2022春·江苏泰州·八年级统考期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后的表格。
We need to be duty for our environment. Being a frugal consumer(节约的消费者) is one way to help. But what does that really mean?
    Use It Up
    You can use things up instead of wasting them. Squeeze(挤压) that last bit of toothpaste out of the tube. Use the last little piece of soap. Don’t throw away any bits of the biscuit at the bottom of the box.
    Wear It Out
    You do not always need to have new things. When your trainers have broken laces(鞋带), but they still fit you, repair them and wear them longer. Don’t buy the latest iphone until the old one doesn’t work any more. Think twice before you buy a new one.
    Make It Do
    When something you want is not on hand, look for something else that you are ready to take its place. If you are packing your lunch for tomorrow and want a butter sandwich, and you are out of butter, have a cheese sandwich instead so that you can use all of the cheese. Learn to fix broken toys instead of just throwing them away. With a little thought(思考), you can make something do, instead of buying something new.
    Do Without
    Think about all those things that you would like to have: Do you really need them? How long will you really play with that new toy you saw on TV? Making the things that we want uses up the world’s resources. And getting rid of(消除) the things we don’t want any more takes up even more resources and space.
Being a frugal consumer for our environment
___91___
Explanations
Examples
Use It Up
Use things up, and never___92___them.
Squeeze that last bit of toothpaste out of the tube.Use the last little piece of soap.
___93___bits of the biscuit at the bottom of the box.
Wear It Out
Think twice before throwing away something that is still ___94___ use.
___95___ your trainers and wear them longer if they still fit you.You can get a new phone ___96___ the old one doesn’t work any more
Make It Do
With a little thought, you can make something do to avoid ___97___ new things.
Have a ___98___ sandwich instead when you are out of butter.Learn to fix a broken toy instead of throwing ___99___ away.
Do Without
Think about ___100___ you would like to have. Do you really need them?
Making the things that we want and getting rid of the things we don’t want may make resources  run out.

（2021春·江苏南京·八年级统考期末）阅读下面短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后的表格中第各小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Here are a number of English learning tips to help you improve your English. Choose a few of them to get started today!
Ask yourself weekly: What do I want to learn this week?
Asking yourself this question every week will help you stop and think for a moment about what is most important to you. It is easy to focus only on the current unit, grammar exercise, etc. If you take a moment to stop to make a careful plan for each week, you will notice the progress(进步) you are making and, in turn, become more inspired by how quickly you are learning English! You will be surprised at how this feeling of success will motivate you to learn even more English.
Quickly review important new information shortly before going to bed.
Research has shown that our brains process information that is fresh in our brains while we sleep. By shortly (this means very quickly—just a glance at what you are working on at the moment) going over some exercise, reading, etc. before you go to sleep, your brain will work away on this information while you sleep!
While doing exercises and alone at home or in your room, speak English aloud.
Connect the muscles(肌肉) of your face to the information in your head. Just as understanding the basics of tennis does not make you a great tennis player, understanding grammar rules does not mean you can automatically speak English well. You need to practice the act of speaking often. Speaking by yourself at home and reading the exercises you are doing will help connect your brain to your facial muscles and improve pronunciation and make your knowledge active.
Do five to ten minutes of listening at least four times a week.
In the past, I decided I needed to get fit and went jogging—usually three or four miles. Well, after not having done anything for many months, those three or four miles really hurt! Needless to say, I did not go jogging for another few months!
Learning to understand spoken English well is very similar. If you decide that you are going to work hard and listen for two hours, chances are that you will not do extra listening exercises any time soon. If, on the other hand, you start off slowly and listen on a regular basis (five to ten minutes at least four times a week), it will be easier to develop the habit of listening to English.
Look for situations in which you must speak, read, and listen to English.
This is probably the most important tip. You need to use English in a “real world” situation. Learning English in a classroom is important, but putting your English knowledge into practice in real situations will improve your fluency in speaking English. If you do not know of any “real world” situation, create new ones for yourself by using the Internet to listen to news, write English responses in forums, exchange emails in English with email pals, etc.
____101____ on Learning English
Making a weekly ____102____
v By this means you will find it a great ____103____ to see how much progress you have made and have a feeling of ____104____ by the end of the week.
Reviewing before going to bed
v While ____105____ , you still process information in your mind.
Speaking as much as possible
v The muscles of your face have a connection with what you have learned. You need to ____106____ as often as possible and make your knowledge ____107____ .
____108____ more often
v Starting off ____109____ and listening regularly will help, for one meal won’t make a fat man.
Applying English to real situations
v Catching every ____110____ to put what you have learned into practice is a good idea.

（2021春·江苏南京·八年级校考期末）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后每小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
The world is in dangerous situation now. We must do something to protect the environment. But, what are the main problems we face?
The greenhouse effect
The atmosphere(大气层)around the Earth is necessary for all living things. It is like the glass of a green house, and it lets sunlight in and keeps heat from getting out. Without it, the Earth would bet he same as the Moon-cold and lifeless.
When we burn fuels such as petrol and coal, we produce a gas called carbon dioxide(CO2). Too much of this gas pollutes the atmosphere, and causes it to keep in too much heat. As a result of the greenhouse effect, the Earth’s temperature is increasing. This causes sea level to rise, and in the future may cause cities to disappear.
Cutting down forests
Every year, we destroy nature by cutting down huge areas of forests. This makes the greenhouse effect worse because trees take in CO2 and produce oxygen. Cutting down trees also destroys the homes of the animals that live in our forests, and causes the surface of the soil to be easily destroyed by rain. This can cause floods and even more damage to the environment.
Bad habits
Many of our habits cause pollution. People often use things once and then throw them away, or leave them on the ground as litter. This creates mountains of rubbish and pollutes our land and seas.
In order to protect the environment, we need to take proper actions. We should be different from many consumers and become “green consumers”. This means that we should only but and use products friendly to the environment. We should also try to recycle as many things as we can. We can reuse things for the same purpose as before, or we can use them for new purposes. If we just learned to live in new and different ways, we can make a difference.
The world is in ____111____
Main problems
The green house effect
The atmosphere is like the glass of a greenhouse, ____112____ sunlight in and keeping heat from getting out.The atmosphere is ____113____ by too much and and the temperature is increasing ____114____ of the green house effect.
Cutting down forests
Cutting down trees huge area of forests not only makes the greenhouse effect worse ____115____ destroy the homes of the animals that live in our forests.Rain can ____116____ destroy the surface of the soil and this will ____117____ to floods and even more damage to the environment.
Bad habits
Things are thrown away before being used for the ____118____ time.
____119____
Become “green consumers”
We should only buy and use products friendly to the environment.We should also recycle as many things as _____120_____.
We can reuse things for the same purpose as before, or we can use them for new purposes.



参考答案：
1．Tips 2．making 3．including 4．right 5．spoken 6．but 7．around 8．especially 9．famous 10．change
【导语】本文介绍英格兰这个国家的情况，包括它的语言、音乐、体育和食物等。
1．本文主要介绍了英格兰基本情况，包括组成、人口、语言、音乐、体育和食物等方面的内容，属于科普小贴士，tips“贴士”符合语境，故填Tips。
2．根据“If you decide to go to England for further study, you should get to know it in advance.”可知，你应该先了解英国，然后再决定去那里学习。decide=make up one’s mind“决定”，介词before后跟动名词作宾语。故填making。
3．根据“ England is the biggest of the four countries in the United Kingdom. Together with Scotland and Wales, these three countries are the island of Great Britain. When you include Northern Ireland, we call it the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.”可知，不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国包括英格兰，苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰，including“包括”，作状语。故填including。
4．根据“Laws and political decisions in England are made by the Parliament of the United Kingdom.”可知，英国的法律和政治决定是由联合王国议会制定的。所以英国议会有权在英格兰制定法律和政治决定。right“权利”。故填right。
5．根据“It is a multicultural country where people speak more than 250 languages in the capital city, London.”可知，在首都伦敦，人们说250多种语言，所以有250多种语言被说，故填spoken。
6．根据“Although everyone speaks English, there are many different accents all over the country.”可知，虽然每个人都说英语，但全国各地都有许多不同的口音。前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。
7．根据“In summer there are music festivals all over the country”可知，夏天全国各地都有音乐节，all over/around the country“全国各地”，故填around。
8．根据“People listen to all types of music and they have a special interest in pop and rock.”可知，人们听各种类型的音乐，他们对流行和摇滚有特殊的兴趣。用副词especially作状语，突出强调“流行和摇滚”两种音乐。故填especially。
9．根据“English football teams like Manchester United, Chelsea and Liverpool are famous all over the world.”可知，像曼联、切尔西和利物浦这样的英格兰足球队世界闻名，famous“闻名的”。 故填famous。
10．根据“England is a very multicultural country and this causes a big change to the food people eat.”可知，英格兰是一个多元文化的国家，这给人们的饮食带来了很大的变化。change“变化”，a后跟单数名词。故填change。

11．worse 12．Purpose 13．differences 14．regarded 15．giving 16．second 17．strangers 18．remember 19．loud 20．believe

【导语】本文主要讲述了孩子们遇到危险时，可以使用哪些规则来保护自己。
11．根据“ Even if it can be very hard to talk about it for children who experience unsafe touches from a friend or family member, we have to talk about it.”可知，即使对于那些经历过朋友或家人不安全触摸的孩子来说，谈论它可能会很困难，但我们必须谈论它，由此推断，不谈论会使情况更糟，worse“更糟糕的”，故填worse。
12．根据“To help more children know unsafe situations and protect themselves, Barbara Sinatra Children’s Center Foundation created “The Protect Yourself Rules”.”可知，这是在介绍创立“自我保护规则”的目的，purpose“目的”，首字母大写。故填Purpose。
13．根据“Unsafe touches are scary and confusing（迷惑的）because they can seem playful or gentle.”可知，不安全的触摸是可怕和令人困惑的迷惑的，因为它们可能看起来幽默或温柔。由此推断，很难分辨安全触摸和不安全触摸的区别，difference“区别”，用复数形式。故填differences。
14．根据“We know safe touches are hugs from our family or high-fives with our friends. ”和“However, it is okay for a doctor to touch you on your private parts when giving you a check-up when your mom or dad is in the room.”可知，家人的拥抱、朋友的击掌和医生的检查被认为是安全触摸，be后跟动词的过去分词构成被动语态结构，be regarded as“被认为是”。故填regarded。
15．根据“If someone gives you an unsafe touch, they might want you to keep it a secret. They might make you promise or give you presents to keep you from telling.”可知，对你进行不安全的触摸的人可能会通过给你礼物的方式让你保密，give“给”，by为介词，其后跟动名词。故填giving。
16．根据“Keep telling until someone helps you and makes sure the unsafe touches never happen again.”可知，你必须一直告诉别人，直到有人帮助你，并确保不安全的触摸不会再次发生。a second time“再一次”，固定短语。故填second。
17．根据“We don’t have to be afraid of them but we should always make smart choices around the people we don’t know. ”可知，我们应该总是在陌生人身边做出明智的选择，stranger“陌生人”，此处应用复数形式表示类别。故填strangers。
18．根据“But, also keep in mind that most people are good and we shouldn’t be afraid of people around us with an uneasy psychology.”可知，但是，也要记住，大多数人都是好的，我们不应该因为不安的心理而害怕周围的人，keep in mind=remember“记住”。故填remember。
19．根据“If anyone makes you feel unsafe, shout “stop!” or “don’t touch me!” loudly and clearly.”可知，如果有人让你感到不安全，大声而清晰地喊“停”或“别碰我”，loud“大声的”，形容词作定语。故填loud。
20．根据“Shout at them to stop, run away and tell the adults you trust. ”可知，冲他们喊停，然后跑开，告诉你信任的大人，trust=believe in“相信”。故填believe。

21．What 22．advice/suggestions 23．used 24．Reasons 25．recent 26．relax 27．readers’ 28．reading 29．needed 30．helpful

【导语】本文主要讲述了“自助”书籍越来越流行及流行的原因。
21．根据“Self-help books are books written by some famous writers, psychologists or successful businessmen.”可知，此处是在介绍“自助”书籍是什么。句首首字母需大写。故填What。
22．根据“In fact, more people are turning to self-help books for advice these days.”可知，自助书籍会为读者提供面对问题时的建议。advice/suggestions“建议”，名词。故填advice/suggestions。
23．根据“Self-help books were something people laughed at in the past.”可知，自助书籍是过去人们嘲笑的东西。固定短语used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”。故填used。
24．根据“Social environment；People’s tiredness；Younger”可知，此处在介绍“自助”书籍受欢迎的原因。reason“原因”，名词；此处需用复数形式。故填Reasons。
25．根据“ Recently, the social environment has become more and more stressful.”可知，最近，社会环境变得越来越紧张。空后有名词“years”，此处需用形容词recent“最近的”。故填recent。
26．根据“They’re looking for something relaxing to calm themselves,”可知，他们在寻找一些方式来放松。relax“放松”，动词；空前有动词不定式符号“to”，其后跟动词原形。故填relax。
27．根据“younger readers—such as people born after 2000—seem to understand their own problems better,”可知，这是年轻读者的需求，需用所有格readers’“读者的”修饰其后名词。故填readers’。
28．根据“This means they’re more willing to improve themselves by reading self-help books.”可知，此处是指通过阅读自我帮助的书籍。read“阅读”，动词；空前有介词“by”，其后跟动名词形式。故填reading。
29．根据“whatever the reason for the growing interest in self-help books is, it’s good to know that help is at hand if we need it.”可知，此处是指我们可以在需要时轻松获得帮助。空处需用过去分词needed与空前be动词“is”构成被动语态。故填needed。
30．根据“But do these books truly help us? Read one and find out.”可推测出，如果我们不读这些书，我们就不知道它们是否真的有用。helpful“有用的”，形容词。故填helpful。

31．fashion 32．confidence 33．radical 34．stands 35．developed 36．sales 37．explains/explained 38．over 39．depends 40．life

【导语】本文主要讲述了中国文化这些年成为一种时尚，只有让有关中国文化的书籍变得有趣，这些书籍才能变得受欢迎。
31．根据“Chinese traditional culture has become a fashion these years possibly because people feel confident about our country and culture”可知中国传统文化这些年成为一种时尚。故填fashion。
32．根据“Chinese traditional culture has become a fashion these years possibly because people feel confident about our country and culture”可知中国传统文化这些年成为一种时尚，可能是因为人们对我们的国家和文化充满信心。故填confidence。
33．根据“They had to live according to the original meanings of the characters and radicals...”可知他们必须按照汉字和部首的原意生活，故汉字“丑”遇到部首“扌”，一起组成了“扭”。故填radical。
34．根据“Milehemilu, born in 1997, represents（代表）a new generation of writers who are inspired by Chinese traditional culture”可知Milehemilu代表着受中国传统文化启发的新一代作家，stand for“代表”，句子用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填stands。
35．根据“Before developing a story and the “personality” for a Chinese character, Milehemilu would first learn about the origin and development of its meanings.”可知在为一个汉字发展一个故事和“个性”之前，米勒黑米卢首先要了解它的意义的起源和发展，develop“发展”，and前后动词形式保持一致。故填developed。
36．根据“For example, Yu Qiuyu’s Lectures on Chinese Culture published in 2019 has sold more than 300,000 copies”可知余春雨2019年出版的《中国文化讲座》销量超过30万册，销量：sale，此处用名词复数。故填sales。
37．根据“It is a systematic explanation of Chinese traditional culture by the essayist and scholar”可知余春雨通过本书系统地阐释了中国传统文化，explain“解释”，句子可使用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词用单三，也可用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填explains/explained。
38．根据“it talks about the historical background and social and cultural knowledge more than 1,000 years ago.”可知它讲述了1000多年前的历史背景和社会文化知识，more than=over“多于”。故填over。
39．根据“Pan says although there are a lot of books about traditional Chinese culture in the market, only if young people can find it interesting to read them can these books sell well.”可知只有让年轻人觉得有趣，这些书籍才能畅销，所以中国传统文化书籍能否畅销，取决于“年轻人能不能读得开心”，depend on“取决于”，描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语是从句，谓语动词用单三。故填depends。
40．根据“what we need to do is to change those cold texts into something alive”可知我们要做的就是把那些冰冷的文字变成有生命的东西，sth. be brought to life“某物被赋予生命”。故填life。

41．true 42．Cause 43．reducing 44．Producing/Making 45．less 46．seven/7 47．throw 48．paper 49．Solutions/Ways/Advice/suggestions 50．instead

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了纸质产品产品并不环保，应该使用玻璃瓶和钢吸管来代替塑料制品。
41．根据“However, it may come as a surprise when we find out the truth. Firstly, paper bags and straws are made from trees…”并结合文章内容可知，用纸制品也会带来很多环境问题，所以纸制品比塑料更环保不是事实。故填true。
42．根据“…more acts of cutting down trees”可知，该句是祈使句，缺少动词原形，根据“The use of more paper bags can lead to more acts of cutting down trees.”可知，使用更多的纸袋会导致更多的砍伐树木的行为，cause“引起”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Cause。
43．根据“Trees, as we all know, can reduce carbon dioxide (减少二氧化碳) levels in the air.”可知，树木可以降低空气中的二氧化碳，by doing sth“通过做某事”，reducing“减少，降低”。故填reducing。
44．根据“About 10% more energy and four times more water are used to produce a paper bag than to make a plastic one.”可知，生产一个纸袋要比生产一个塑料纸袋多消耗大约10%的能源和四倍多的水。produce/make“生产、制作”，空处缺少动名词作主语，故填Producing/Making。
45．根据“However, it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process than to make a brand-new paper bag.”可知，制作一个全新的纸袋比循环利用过程需要更少的能源和水，less“更少”，故填less。
46．根据“Seven trucks are needed to transport two million paper bags, while to transport the same number of plastic bags, one truck is enough.”可知，运输200万个纸袋所需的卡车数量是运输同样数量的塑料袋的7倍。故填seven/7。
47．根据“Once the bags are thrown away, the increased weight also leads to a large amount of waste.”可知，塑料袋一旦被扔掉，增加的重量也会导致大量的浪费。throw away“扔掉”。故填throw。
48．根据“paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the environment and businesses. They are harmful to our planet, as well as the plastic ones.”可知，使用纸质产品也会对环境有害，故填paper。
49．根据空处对应的表格右侧的内容，可知，这段讲述的是方法、策略或是建议。句首单词首字母大写。Solutions/Ways“方法、方案”；Advice/suggestions“意见、建议”。故填Solutions/Ways/Advice/suggestions。
50．根据“Products like glass bottles and steel straws can be reused easily. They are much more eco-friendly(对生态环境友好的) than either paper products or plastic ones. By increasing the usage of these products, we can greatly reduce the throw-away waste in our daily life and save more resources.”可知，玻璃瓶和钢吸管等产品对生态环境更友好，通过增加这些产品的使用，我们可以大大减少日常生活中的丢弃废物，节省更多的资源。所以应该用玻璃瓶和钢吸管替代塑料制品。instead of“代替”。故填instead。

51．donated 52．times 53．rich 54．spread 55．something 56．help 57．living 58．willing 59．Conclusion 60．difference

【导语】本文主要讲述了慈善事业的有关内容以及呼吁人们投身到慈善事业中去。
51．根据“Charity is big business: in 2020 about 410 billion yuan was raised for charity in China.”可知，2020年，中国为慈善事业筹集了约4100亿元，也就是中国人捐了4100亿元，donated符合句意；故填donated。
52．根据“Over the years people have found new and interesting ways to get the money they need.”可知，讲述了不同时代的捐款的方式，times“时代”符合句意，故填times。
53．根据“In 3500 BC King Hammurabai of Babylon encourage his people to share their wealth with their poorest neighbours.可知，鼓励富人与穷人分享财富，the rich“富人”，故填rich。
54．根据“In the1970s more and more people had televisions, so charities made films of suffering（受苦）children and brought the world problems straight into people’s homes.”可知，通过电视传播受苦孩子的消息，结合help to do，需要动词原形，spread“传播”符合句意；故填spread。
55．根据“The 1980s was a time of big business, so charities became more business-like: they made money by making and selling everything from Christmas cards to summer holidays!”可知，通过类似商业的模式来挣钱，something符合句意；故填something。
56．根据“In the 1990s, famous people like Claudia Schiffer and Michael Jordan made millions of dollar for big international companies like Citroen and Nike.”可知，通过名人效应来筹集金钱，with the help of“在……的帮助下”，help符合句意；故填help。
57．根据“People give more when they can see their money working in the area they live in, and when they have a personal relationship（关系）with the charity.”可知，当人们看到他们的钱在他们居住的地区发挥作用，当他们与慈善机构有私人关系时，他们会捐得更多，living area“生活区域”符合句意；故填living。
58．根据“People give more when they can see their money working in the area they live in, and when they have a personal relationship（关系）with the charity.”可知，当人们看到他们的钱在他们居住的地区发挥作用，当他们与慈善机构有私人关系时，他们会捐得更多，be willing to do“愿意做某事”，willing符合句意；故填willing。
59．根据最后一段内容可知，是总结全文的，Conclusion“总结”符合句意；故填Conclusion。
60．根据“This is true, but most people know that a little help is better than none.”可知，一点帮助都能起到很大作用，make a big difference“有影响”符合句意；故填difference。

61．Alive 62．popular/famous/well-known 63．appear 64．too 65．Examples 66．humorous 67．believed/considered/thought 68．how 69．direct 70．interest

【导语】本文介绍了流感背景下，传统艺术走上了直播的新舞台，而直播凭借独有的优势也给传统艺术带来积极的影响。
61．根据最后一段“At the same time, traditional culture is kept alive, because it has won more and more young people’s heart”可知，直播让传统艺术得以延续。故填Alive。
62．根据第一段“As millions of people have to stay at home because of flu, livestreaming（直播）has taken off”可知，由于流感很多人不得不待在家，因此直播大受欢迎。take off表示“突然大受欢迎”，become是系动词，其后接形容词作表语，故填popular/famous/well-known。
63．根据第二段“On video websites and apps such as Douyin and Bilibili, many traditional artists are making their first appearance”可知，很多传统艺术家尝试首次在抖音和Bilibili直播。make their first appearance表示“首次亮相”。空格处作谓语，应填入动词，故填appear。        
64．根据第二段“ They sing Peking Opera, show their paper-cutting works, or perform（表演）Chinese kung fu as well as classical Chinese music”可知，传统艺术家们直播唱京剧，展示他们的剪纸作品，或表演中国功夫和中国古典音乐。as well as表示“也，还”，空格处谓语句末，同义替换为too“也”，放在句末。故填too。
65．根据“A Peking Opera performance”和“A fashion show on Huafu Day”可知，此处举的两个传统艺术直播的例子。故填Examples。
66．根据第三段“Along with singing, Li also teaches viewers Peking Opera in a humorous way”可知，除了唱歌，李还以一种幽默的方式教观众京剧。故填humorous。
67．根据第五段“Other kinds of artists also believe that livestreaming is a new chance...beautiful clothes in traditional Chinese styles”可知，艺术家们认为直播是一个给观众展示美丽的传统中国服饰的新机会。根据题干“Livestreaming is...as a new chance to show beautiful traditional Chinese clothes”可知，题干用一般现在时的被动进行同义替换，“直播被认为是一个新的机会...”，故填believed/considered/thought。
68．根据第五段“viewers...watched the way performers used ancient styles of make up（化妆）. For example, a performer taught...how to draw the guiyemei”可知， 表演者教观众们如何化古风的妆容。故填how。
69．根据最后一段“By livestreaming, the traditional artists can give answers directly to the questions viewers ask”可知通过直播，传统艺术家可以直接回答观看者提出的问题，因此是可以有直接的交流，用形容词direct“直接的”修饰名词communication。故填direct。
70．根据最后一段“traditional culture is kept alive, because it has won more and more young people’s heart”可知，传统文化让越来越多的年轻人有了兴趣。故填interest。

71．Reasons 72．impossible 73．afford 74．took 75．necessary 76．purpose 77．left 78．visited 79．help 80．difference

【导语】本文主要讲述了许多来自贫困的家庭孩子们没有益智玩具，有一名印度工程师 Arvind Gupta上大学时志愿教来自贫困家庭的孩子们。后来辞掉工作去为贫困孩子设计制造玩具，创作一个Trash网站，教孩子自己做玩具，现在许多孩子访问这个网站，他们观看来自YouTube上视频创作玩具。
71．根据右侧“Most people never think about building educational toys. Usually people go to a store to buy educational toys in need.To some poor families, buying educational toys is the … thing on the parents’ minds.”可知，这三点介绍了做益智类网站的原因，所以应该使用“reason”，且应该使用复数，位于句首，首字母应该大写。故填Reasons。
72．根据第一段中“With families even having no food to put on the table, they will never think about buying educational toys.”可知，对于家庭贫困的，买益智类的玩具是不可能的事情，修饰名词用形容词impossible“不可能的”。故填impossible。
73．根据第三段中“While still an engineering student at the Indian College of Technology, he volunteered to teach the children who were too poor to go to school.”可知，他志愿教上不起学的孩子，“can’t afford to do sth”意为“不能支付做某事”。故填afford。
74．根据第三段中“Upon graduation（毕业）, he found a good job at India’s Tata Motors and spent the next five years designing cars.”可知，毕业后，花了他五年的时间设计汽车，“it takes sb some time to do sth”意为“花了某人多长时间做某事”，根据情境为一般过去时。故填took。
75．根据第四段中“He thought he needed to receive some training, so he took a year’s training course and took part in the Hoshangabad Science Teaching Program…”可知，他觉得接受培训是有必要的，“think it necessary to do sth”意为“觉得做某事有必要”。故填necessary。
76．根据第四段中“…to make science fun and exciting for poor children using available materials”可知，他参加培训目的是为了使科学有趣；根据“Its”可知，后接名词“目的purpose”。故填purpose。
77．根据第五段中“Mr Gupta found the whole project so satisfying that he decided to leave his high paying job and focus his attention on designing educational toys …”可知，Mr Gupta辞去工作是为了专心做玩具，根据情境为一般过去时，应该使用“leave”的过去式“left”。故填left。
78．根据最后一段中“Today, over 50,000 children and teachers visit the website daily to download the videos for the toy creations based on cool science.”可知，每天有许多孩子和老师访问此网站，主语为“The website”，和“visit”之间构成被动，故此处用过去分词。故填visited。
79．根据最后一句“Some young children have become so inspired（鼓舞） that they have even won international science competitions.”可知，许多孩子在网站的帮助之下，在比赛中获了奖，“with the help of …”意为“在……帮助之下”。故填help。
80．根据文中理解可知，Mr Gupta的行为对贫困孩子产生了重大的影响，“make a big difference to …”意为“对……产生重大影响”。故填difference。

81．properly 82．Advice/Suggestions 83．Talking 84．honestly 85．anymore
86．follow 87．dates 88．continues 89．solved 90．patient

【导语】本文主要给出了对于邻居制造噪音，如何处理的几条建议。
81．根据“This situation needs to be dealt with properly, which needs your ability to keep calm.”可知，说的是这种情况需要正确地处理。故填properly。
82．根据表格后面给出的三条建议及全文可知，这里讲的是如何处理的几条建议，用不可数名词advice或者可数名词suggestion的复数形式，首字母须大写。故填Advice/Suggestions。
83．根据“First, you should try to tell your neighbors about the noise. This conversation should be polite and friendly.”可知，首先要和你的邻居谈一谈，由“with”可知用talk表示“谈话”，结合表格后面两条建议“Writing letters；Reporting to local authorities”可知用Talking。故填Talking。
84．根据“Explain the problem in an honest way, and ask the neighbors to turn down the music, or not to hold parties until 3 a.m.”可知说的是要诚实地解释问题，honest表达“诚实的”，此处要修饰动词explain，故用副词形式。故填honestly。
85．根据“You can also say that you realize they hear your noise too, and you’re willing to try to stop anything in your behavior that is creating much noise.”可知说的是不再打扰邻居，not... anymore表示“不再”。故填anymore。
86．根据“You should know that not all neighbors are going to follow your requirements, and some may act in a bad manner.”可知，不是所有的邻居都会遵守你的要求。故填follow。
87．根据“The letter should show your grievances（不满）and the dates when the noise was quite terrible.”可知，写信给邻居表达不满和噪音十分大的日期。故填dates。
88．根据“When the noise remains going on, you should report it to local authorities（权力部门）, or even call the police, when it is really necessary.”可知，如果噪音继续存在，如果确实有必要，可以向权力部门报告，甚至叫警察，因此用continue表示“继续”，句子为一般现在时，主语the noise，因此用第三人单数形式。故填continues。
89．根据“Often, however, you can solve the problem when the noisy neighbor knows you are going to call the police.”可知，说的是通常吵闹的邻居知道你要报警时，问题就解决了，结合空前的the problem will be可知应用solve的过去分词表被动。故填solved。
90．根据“Just have patience and remember that communication is the most important.”可知，强调的是与邻居沟通要有耐心，由空前Keep可知，用形容词patient“耐心的”。故填patient。

91．Ways 92．waste 93．Eat 94．in 95．Repair 96．if/when 97．buying 98．cheese 99．it 100．what

【导语】本文主要讲述了为我们的环境做一个节俭的消费者。
91．根据“Being a frugal consumer(节约的消费者) is one way to help.”和全文的小标题可知，讲述了如何做一个节俭的消费者；Ways“方式”符合句意；故填Ways。
92．根据“You can use things up instead of wasting them.”可知，用完东西而不是浪费它们，结合“Use things up”，需要动词原形，waste符合句意；故填waste。
93．根据“ Don’t throw away any bits of the biscuit at the bottom of the box.”可知，不要扔掉盒子底部的饼干，也就是吃完底部的饼干，结合“Use the last little piece of soap.”，需要动词原形，eat符合句意，位于句首，首字母大写；故填Eat。
94．根据“Think twice before you buy a new one.”可知，扔掉还在使用的东西之前要三思，be in use“在使用中”， in符合句意；故填in。
95．根据“When your trainers have broken laces(鞋带), but they still fit you, repair them and wear them longer. ”可知，修理还能穿的鞋子，repair符合句意，位于句首，首字母大写；故填Repair。
96．根据“Don’t buy the latest iphone until the old one doesn’t work any more.”可知，如果/当手机坏了，再买新的手机，if/when符合句意；故填if/when。
97．根据“With a little thought(思考), you can make something do, instead of buying something new.”可知，用一点小心思，你就能做点什么，而不是买些新东西；需要用buy的正确形式，avoid doing sth，需要其动名词形式，故填buying。
98．根据“ you are out of butter, have a cheese sandwich instead so that you can use all of the cheese”可知，你的黄油用完了，那就吃一个奶酪三明治，这样你就可以用所有的奶酪了；cheese符合句意；故填cheese。
99．根据“Learn to fix broken toys instead of just throwing them away.”可知，学会修理坏了的玩具，而不是把它们扔掉，结合“a broken toy”，用it代替；故填it。
100．根据“you would like to have”可知，此句是宾语从句，have缺少宾语，what符合句意；故填what。

101．Tips/Advice/Suggestions 102．plan/goal 103．surprise 104．success 105．sleeping 106．practice 107．active 108．Listening 109．slowly 110．chance/opportunity

【导语】本文主要介绍了如何提高英语学习的一些好的建议。
101．根据“Here are a number of English learning tips to help you improve your English”可知，本文主要介绍了如何提高英语学习的一些好的建议。tips/advice/suggestions“建议”。故填Tips/Advice/Suggestions。
102．根据“ If you take a moment to stop to make a careful plan for each week”可知，要制订周计划/目标，plan“计划”，goal“目标”，a后跟单数名词。故填plan/goal。
103．根据“You will be surprised at how this feeling of success will motivate you to learn even more English.”可知，通过这种方式，你会惊讶于已经取得了这么多的进步，surprise“惊讶”，a后跟单数名词。故填surprise。
104．根据“You will be surprised at how this feeling of success will motivate you to learn even more English.”可知，取得进步之后，你会有一种成功的感觉。success“成功”，不可数名词。故填success。
105．根据“Research has shown that our brains process information that is fresh in our brains while we sleep.”可知，研究表明，当我们睡觉时，我们的大脑处理大脑中新鲜的信息。while从句的主语与一致的情况下可以省去，所以空处用现在分词sleeping。故填sleeping。
106．根据“You need to practice the act of speaking often. Speaking by yourself at home and reading the exercises you are doing will help connect your brain to your facial muscles and improve pronunciation and make your knowledge active.”可知，你需要经常练习使学到的知识活跃，practise“练习”，to后跟动词原形。故填practice。
107．根据“You need to practice the act of speaking often. Speaking by yourself at home and reading the exercises you are doing will help connect your brain to your facial muscles and improve pronunciation and make your knowledge active.”可知，你需要经常练习，这样才能使你的知识活跃，active“活跃的”，形容词作宾补。故填active。
108．根据“Do five to ten minutes of listening at least four times a week.”可知，要经常听，结合“Speaking...”可知，此处用动名词形式listening。故填Listening。
109．根据“If, on the other hand, you start off slowly and listen on a regular basis ...”可知，你可以慢慢开始，定期听，slowly“慢慢地”，故填slowly。
110．根据“Learning English in a classroom is important, but putting your English knowledge into practice in real situations will improve your fluency in speaking English. If you do not know of any “real world” situation, create new ones for yourself by using the Internet to listen to news, write English responses in forums, exchange emails in English with email pals, etc”可知，要创造“真实世界”的场景，并抓住每一个机会把你所学到的知识付诸实践，chance/opportunity“机会”，every后跟单数名词。故填chance/opportunity。

111．danger 112．letting 113．polluted 114．because 115．but 116．easily 117．lead 118．second 119．Actions 120．possible

【导语】本文主要讲述了现在环境问题很严重，如何取措施保护环境。
111．根据文中“The world is in dangerous situation now.”可知，整篇短文主要讲述了世界现在处于危险的境地，短语be in danger“处于危境”，故填danger。
112．根据文中“It is like the glass of a green house, and it lets sunlight in and keeps heat from getting out.”可知，它就像温室的玻璃，让阳光进来，防止热量散发。此处是现在分词做伴随状语，let…in“让……进来”；let的动名词是letting，故填letting。
113．根据文中“Too much of this gas pollutes the atmosphere, and causes it to keep in too much heat. As a result of the greenhouse effect, the Earth’s temperature is increasing.”可知，空气被过多的二氧化碳污染了，此处是一般过去时态的被动语态，pollute“污染”，是动词，过去分词是polluted，故填polluted。
114．根据文中“As a result of the greenhouse effect, the Earth’s temperature is increasing.”可知，由于温室效应，气温正在上升。because of…“由于……的原因”，故填because。
115．根据“Every year, we destroy nature by cutting down huge areas of forests. … Cutting down trees also destroys the homes of the animals that live in our forests,”可知，每年我们砍伐大片森林，破坏自然，而且破坏了生活在我们森林中的动物的家园。not only…but also…“不仅……而且”，故填but。
116．根据“and causes the surface of the soil to be easily destroyed by rain.”可知，雨水很容易破坏土壤表面。此处是副词修饰动词，easily“容易地”，是副词，故填easily。
117．根据“This can cause floods and even more damage to the environment.”可知，这将导致洪水，甚至对环境造成更大的破坏。lead to…“导致……”，can是情态动词，后加动词原形，故填lead。
118．根据“People often use things once and then throw them away, or leave them on the ground as litter.”可知，此处是在第二次使用之前，物品会被扔掉。second“第二”，是序数词，故填second。
119．根据“In order to protect the environment, we need to take proper actions.”可知，此处是为了保护环境，我们需要采取适当的行动。此处是采取的行动，action“行动”，此处用复数形式，注意标题大写，故填Actions。
120．根据“We should also try to recycle as many things as we can.”可知，我们还应该尽可能多地回收利用东西。as many things as we can相当于as many things as possible“尽可能多的回收东西”，故填possible。