2022-2023学年云南省下关重点中学高二（下）期中英语试卷-普通用卷

这是一份2022-2023学年云南省下关重点中学高二（下）期中英语试卷-普通用卷，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年云南省下关重点中学高二（下）期中英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Alcantara Boat Trip
This sailing trip begins on the reservoir of Alcantara，located in the northwest of Extremadura，near the border of Portugal and within the Tajo Natural Park—25，000 hectares of park which spreads across Spain and Portugal.
Price：₤23 per adult and s19 per child（2-11 years old）
Duration：3.5 hours Meeting point on the Alcantara reservoir
Historic Caceres Walking Tour
The old town of Caceres has one of the most impressive artistic and huge collections of buildings.One of the best conserved in Europe，this ancient walled city was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1986.Walking around the historic centre you will discover ancient walls，palaces，squares and streets all still in good condition.
Price：₤54 per person
Duration：1.5 hours
Meeting point at Plaza Mayor
Departure at 11：00，17：00 or 20：00（summer only）
Trujillo Cultural Walking Tour
This guided walk visits the most outstanding monuments of Trujillo，a town in history，where its castle，palaces，towers and houses have a glorious past.You will discover the development of Trujillo's history，its people and its most beautiful spots.From the point of Trujillo's castle you will be able to capture the best shots，which during the evening tour are bathed by the light of the sunset.
Price：₤54 per person
Duration：2 hours
Meeting point at Calle Tiendas
Departure at 11：30，17：00，18：00
Wildlife Tour in the Monfrague National Park
Travelling in a 6-seater car，within the Monfrague National Park，you will enter one of the best well-conserved Mediterranean forests in the world with a large variety of birds，deer and other animals.
Price：₤46 per person
Duration：4 hours
Departure at 10：00（retum at 17：00）
Meeting point in the town of Malpartida
1. How much should a couple with a 13-year-old kid pay for Alcantara Boat Trip？ ______
A. ₤19. B. ₤46. C. ₤65. D. ₤69.
2. What can we learn about the town of Caceres？ ______
A. It has well-preserved old buildings.
B. It has the most impressive buildings.
C. It attracts many visitors in winter.
D. It has the oldest walls in Europe.
3. Which touring activity lasts the longest time？ ______
A. Alcantara Boat Trip.
B. Historic Caceres Walking Tour.
C. Trujillo Cultural Walking Tour.
D. Wildife Tour in the Monfrague National Park.
B
We've certainly seen a dog nursing a wound，or a deer calling out in pain.But many animals suffer in silence.The most silent sufferers in the animal world may be fish.
Do fish feel pain？A new study from the University of Liverpool has found that fish feel pain in a way that's "strikingly similar" to humans.For the study，Lynne Sneddon，from the university's Institute of Integrative Biology，reviewed the existing body of research 98 studies in all and concluded that they feel pain just as sharply as we do.
"When subject to a potentially painful event，fish show changes in behavior such as stopping feeding and reduced activity，which are prevented when a pain-relieving drug is provided.In fact，like us，they breathe heavily and stop eating when they're hurting.They will even rub the part of their body that aches." Sneddon notes in a university release.
To understand pain in other species，scientists look at nociceptors （疼痛感受器），which send signals to the brain when the body is being damaged.Humans have them throughout their skin，bones and muscles.Nociceptors have also been found in many other species，including even those tiny fruit flies.
Fish have the same means to detect pain signals and the equipment to receive them.Besides，the fishermen's opinion that fish feel no pain just doesn't add up from an evolutionary view.Pain is an efficient messenger that tells us that we've got a problem.An animal that can't feel it won't get that memo，even if it hurts itself.
"If we accept fish experience pain，then this has great significance for how we treat them，" Sneddon says. "Care should be taken when handling fish to avoid damaging their sensitive skin and they should be humanely caught and killed."
4. What can we learn about fish？ ______
A. They are insensitive to pain.
B. They are able to sense pain.
C. They won't react to painkillers.
D. Their brain is the first to send pain signals.
5. What will a fish do when its lips get hurt？ ______
A. It might rub its lips.
B. It will keep its mouth open.
C. It will swim around like crazy.
D. It will keep eating to forget pain.
6. What is the significance of the study according to Sneddon？ ______
A. People will treat fish in a kinder way.
B. People can understand evolution better.
C. People can develop more drugs to save fish.
D. People will think of more ways to catch fish.
7. What does the underlined part "add up" probably mean？ ______
A. Disappear. B. Put forward. C. Make sense. D. Happen.
C
Apple lost its status as the world's only trillion-dollar public company as shares slumped（股票下跌）following disappointing results.
The iPhone maker said that it would no longer tell how many iPhones，iPads and Mats it sells each quarter，claiming the figure was no longer relevant to investors.The announcement，combined with a forecast for the vital Christmas quarter，sent shares falling by more than 7 percent in after hours trading，knocking over ＄70 billion off its＄
Apple's fall came despite it posting record profits and sales after it convinced consumers to buy more expensive versions of the iPhone in the three months to the end of September.During this period it sold 46.9 million iPhones，flat on the same period last year and below what analysts had expected.However，a huge increase in the price of each phone meant that iPhone revenues（收益）increased by 29 percent.On average，consumers now pay 793 for each iPhone，up from ＄618 a year ago.＄
Apple has successfully pushed its users into paying more for newer versions of its iPhone by adding new features and bigger screen sizes，even as sales growth has decreased.Revenues in the quarter increased by 20 percent to 62.9 billion，while profits were up 32 percent to ＄14.1 billion，Tim Cook Apple's chief executive，said sales had been disappointing in some emerging markets such as India，Turkey and Brazil.
Apple sold fewer Mac computers and iPads than a year ago，but said revenues from its software division had increased by 17 percent.Apple said it would continue to say how much revenue it makes from each of its product lines，which it claimed was a more relevant figure than unit sales.
8. What did the iPhone maker's announcement cause？ ______
A. It caused a stable market. B. It caused a drop in sales.
C. It caused weaker shares. D. It caused an increase in sales.
9. How were the sales of iPhones in the three months to the end of September last year？ ______
A. They were better than this year.
B. They were the same with this year.
C. They were not reported to the public.
D. They were more terrible than this year.
10. Why did the revenues increase as the shares slumped？ ______
A. The price was increased.
B. People supported iPhones.
C. The sales were beyond expectation.
D. The iPhone maker started a promotion.
11. What is the situation of the sales in some emerging markets？ ______
A. It has a big market. B. It is not very well received.
C. The unit sales are good. D. It is uneven according to places.
D
Housing ranks high among the numerous challenges that still need to be overcome before humans can colonize（征服） Mars.The brave pioneers that make the six-month voyage to the Red Planet will need a place to live in as soon as they land.While the best solution would be to have the structures ready before they get there，it has so far been a challenge given that most construction robots have never made it out of the laboratory.Now，there may be a bit of hope thanks to Massachusetts Institute of Technology's newly revealed Digital Construction Platform （DCP）.
The DCP comprises a double arm system that is fitted on a tracked vehicle.As the larger arm moves，the smaller，precision motor robotic arm builds the structure by shooting out the necessary construction material，ranging from insulation foam（绝缘泡沫） to concrete.The team of researchers led by Ph.D.Steven Keating say that unlike other 3-D printers that are limited to building objects that fit within their overall enclosure，DCP's free moving systems can be used to construct structures of any size.
The team recently demonstrated the DCP's building skills on an empty field in Mountain View，CA.The robot began by creating a mold with expanding foam that hardens when dry.It then constructed the building，layer by layer，using sensors to raise itself higher as it progressed.The final product was a sturdy "home" that had 50-foot diameter walls and a 12-foot high roof with room for essentials like electricity wires and water pipes to be inserted inside.Even more impressive？It took a mere 14 hours to "print"!
The researchers' next plan is to make the DCP smart enough to analyze the environment where the structure is going to be built and determine the material densities best suited for the area.However，that's not even the best part.Future DCP models are going to be solar-powered，autonomous，and，most importantly，capable of sourcing construction components from its surroundings.This means the robot can be sent to remote，disaster-stricken areas，and perhaps even to Mars，to build shelters using whatever material is available.
12. What do we learn from the first paragraph？ ______
A. Housing pioneers on Mars is a reality.
B. Colonizing Mars is out of the question.
C. Building structures on Mars is in the testing phases.
D. Finding a liveable place on Mars is a top priority.
13. How does the DCP differ from other 3-D printers？ ______
A. It consumes less time.
B. It comes in more different sizes.
C. It is more environmentally friendly.
D. It can build more diverse structures.
14. What is the third paragraph mainly about？ ______
A. The successful case of the DCP.
B. The working principle of the DCP.
C. The instructions of using the DCP.
D. The limitation of the DCP's function.
15. What might be the biggest highlight of future DCP ？ ______
A. Being powered by solar.
B. Building shelters anywhere.
C. Collecting building materials on site.
D. Analyzing building material densities.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
China has been the birthplace of many of the world's greatest inventions.It was，for example，the first country to produce paper money.Before the invention of paper money and coin，people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling.（1） ______ This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering （以货换货）.
（ 2） ______ In 1200 BC，people in China began to use shells as money.Usually the shells used as money were very small.This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances，and allowed trade to develop between different parts of the country.
In the years which followed this invention，many other countries around the world began to do the same. （3） ______ The next development was in 1000 BC，when China started making bronze and copper shells.It wasn't long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal. （4） ______ By 500 BC，metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece，and later in the Roman Empire.
About 1，000 years later，leather was used as money in China，and in 806 AD，the first banknotes were produced by the Chinese people. （5） ______

A.As time went by，trade between countries increased.
B.People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs.
C.They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling.
D.It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe.
E.However，as the economy developed，such exchanges became impractical.
F.During that time，for example，buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.
G.The very first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Even though it was only October，my students were already whispering about Christmas plans.With each passing day everyone became more （1） ______ waiting for the final school bell.Upon its ringing everyone would run for their coats and go home，everyone except David.
David was a small boy in ragged clothes.I had often wondered what kind of home life David had，and what kind of mother could send her son to school dressed so （2） ______ for the cold winter months，without a coat，boots，or gloves.But something made David （3） ______ .I can still remember he was always （4 ） ______ a smile and willing to help.He always stayed after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor.We never talked much.He（5） ______ just smile and ask what else he could do，then thank me for letting him stay and slowly（6） ______ home.
Weeks passed and the（7） ______ over the coming Christmas grew into restlessness until the last day of（8） ______ before the holiday break.I smiled in（9） ______ as the last of them hurried out the door.Turning around，I saw David quietly standing by my desk.
"I have something for you，" he said（10） ______ from behind his back a small box.（11） ______ it to me，he said anxiously， "Open it." I took the box from him，thanked him and slowly unwrapped it.I lifted the lid and to my surprise I saw nothing.I looked at David's smiling face and said， "The box is nice，David，but it's（12） ______ ."
"Oh no，it isn't，" said David. "It's full of love.My mum told me before she died that love was something you couldn't see or touch unless you know it's there."
Tears filled my eyes（13） ______ I looked at the proud dirty face that I had rarely given（14） ______ to.After that Christmas，David and I became good friends and I never forgot the meaning （15） ______ the little empty box set on my desk.
21.  A. cautious B. courageous C. serious D. anxious
22.  A. modestly B. naturally
C. inaccurately D. inappropriately
23.  A. popular B. upset C. special D. funny
24.  A. expressing B. delivering C. wearing D. sharing
25.  A. would B. should C. might D. could
26.  A. aim at B. turn to C. put off D. head for
27.  A. argument B. excitement C. movement D. judgement
28.  A. school B. year C. education D. programme
29.  A. relief B. return C. vain D. control
30.  A. searching B. finding C. raising D. pulling
31.  A. Holding B. Handing C. Sending D. Leaving
32.  A. cheap B. empty C. useless D. improper
33.  A. as B. until C. because D. though
34.  A. advice B. support C. attention D. command
35.  A. from B. behind C. over D. towards
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Which movie did you watch during the Spring Festival？
The Wandering Earth II，sequel to sci-fi blockbuster.The Wandering Earth，was the most anticipated new film on Chinese ticketing platform.The Wandering Earth （1） ______ （top） the rankings during the 2019 Chinese Lunar New Year film season.
Chinese director Zhang Yimou's Full River Red was also one of 2023's most anticipated （2） ______ （film）.The name Full River Red comes from a poem （3） ______ （write） by Yue Fei，a military general who lived during the Southerm Song Dynasty （1127-1279）in which the film is set，and was well-known for his patriotism and loyalty to his country.
Hidden Blade，starring Tony Leung from Hong Kong （4） ______ Chinese mainland star Wang Yibo，was also scheduled to premiere （首映） during the 2023 Chinese Lunar New Year.The film tells （5） ______ story set during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression （1931-1945）.
Deep Sea，a Chinese animation feature，was also released during the 2023 Chinese Lunar New Year.The director，Tian Xiaopeng，is known （6） ______ his 2015 animated film Monkey King：Hero is Back，（ 7） ______ earned 955 million yuan.Tian said in an interview that he （8） ______ （spend） seven years making Deep Sea.Set underwater，it tells the story of a girl's journey exploring the （9） ______ （mystery） sea world.
Film critics said high-quality films with box office appeal can （10） ______ （ effective） accelerate the recovery of the industry and predicted that the total box office for this season would exceed 7 billion yuan.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 你校正举办主题为My English learning experience 的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1.你遇到的困难；
2.你是如何克服的；
3.你的建议。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
    I was walking along the road to school one day and I met my friend Raine. He suggested that we skip school and go to the movies. I refused as my dad was very fierce and strict. After much persuasion, I gave in. There was a Will Smith movie on and I was a fan.
    So we set off to the movies together, bought our tickets, popcorn and drinks and settled down comfortably. As we were early, the lights were still on. We watched people come in groups, families and there were couples too. Some of them looked like school students playing truant (逃学) like us. As I turned around, I caught a glimpse of my uncle Andy and Aunt Jane walking in. They were kind and cared about me very much. I sank into my seat quickly to avoid being spotted. I signaled to Raine that there was someone I didn't want to see and Raine made it more obvious by turning around and asking "Who? And where?" loudly. It made me sit even lower in my seat.
    To make things worse, they came and sat in the row behind us and were saying to each other how I would have loved to come to this movie as I adored Will Smith. They were even commenting about the students playing truant. Soon the movie began and I was glad when the lights were turned off but I didn't enjoy the movie at all for fear of being spotted. So, I sat there like an astronaut, peering over the front seat.
    Every now and then I would secretly take a quick look at my aunt and uncle. I was sure they were also looking at me. Feeling nervous and anxious, I kept wondering how I could leave the cinema without being noticed.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
    When the movie ended and the lights came on, I remained seated.
​​​​​​​_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
    In front of us were my aunt and uncle, waiting at the gate.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、D、A
【解析】（1）数字计算题。根据Alcantara Boat Trip部分第二段句子Price：￡23 per adult and ￡19 per child （2-11 years old）可知，每个成年人23英镑，2-11岁孩子每个人19英镑，可推测出13岁的孩子票价与成年人一样，故两个大人和一个13岁的孩子，总票价69英镑。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据Historic Cáceres Walking Tour部分第一段句子One of the best preserved in Europe，this ancient walled city was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1986.（可知，这座有城墙的古城是欧洲保存最完好的古城之一，1986年被联合国教科文组织宣布为世界遗产）可知，卡塞雷斯镇拥有欧洲最古老的城墙。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据Duration部分Alcantara Boat Trip （Duration：3.5 hours），Historic Cáceres Walking Tour （Duration：1.5 hours），Trujillo Cultural Walking Tour（Duration：2 hours）和Wildlife Tour in the Monfragüe Nat ional Park（Duration：3 hours）可知，持续时间最长的是3.5小时，是Alcantara Boat Trip。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个旅游路线的具体行程安排、价格和时间等相关信息。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

4~7.【答案】B、A、A、C
【解析】（1）B．细节理解题．由第二段的句子"For the study，Lynne Sneddon，from the university's Institute of Integrative Biology，reviewed the existing body of research-98 studies in all-and concluded that they feel pain just as sharply as we do．在这项研究中，来自该大学综合生物学研究所的Lynne Sneddon回顾了现有的98项研究，并得出结论，他们和我们一样感到疼痛．"可知，在这项研究中，从现有的98项研究得出结论，鱼类和我们一样感到疼痛，说明鱼能感受疼痛，B项切题，A项排除．由第三段的句子""When subject to a potentially painful event，fish show changes in behavior such as stopping feeding and reduced activity，which are prevented when a pain-relieving drug is provided．"当受到潜在痛苦事件的影响时，鱼类表现出行为上的变化，如停止进食和活动减少，而当提供止痛药物时，这些都会被阻止．" 可知，鱼受伤会停止进食和减少活动，而当提供止痛药物时，这些都会被阻止，所以对止疼药有反应，排除C项；由第四段的第一句"To understand pain in other species，scientists look at nociceptors，which send signals to the brain when the body is being damaged．为了了解其他物种的疼痛，科学家们研究了伤害感受器，当身体受到损伤时，伤害感受器向大脑发送信号．"可知，当身体受到损伤时，疼痛感受器会向大脑发送信号，不是大脑发送的，排除D项．故选B．
（2）A．推理判断题．由第三段的句子" In fact，like us，they breathe heavily and stop eating when they're hurting．They will even rub the part of their body that aches．" Sneddon notes in a university release．事实上，和我们一样，它们也会呼吸沉重，在受伤时停止进食，甚至会摩擦身体疼痛的部位．" 可知，鱼受伤时和我们一样，呼吸沉重，停止进食，甚至会摩擦身体疼痛的部位，可以推理出鱼的嘴唇受伤时鱼会摩擦自己的嘴唇．故选A．
（3）A．推理判断题．由最后一段""If we accept fish experience pain，then this has great significance for how we treat them，" Sneddon says． "Care should be taken when handling fish to avoid damaging their sensitive skin and they should be humanely caught and killed．斯奈登说："如果我们接受鱼类遭受的痛苦，那么这对我们如何对待它们具有重要意义．在处理鱼类时，应小心避免损坏它们敏感的皮肤，并应人道地捕获和杀死它们．"说明研究鱼会让我们更小心地对待鱼，尽量避免鱼感受痛苦．故选A．
（4）C．词义猜测题．根据划线词所在的句子"Besides，the fishermen's opinion that fish feel no pain just doesn't  add up from an evolutionary view．Pain is an efficient messenger that tells us that we've got a problem．An animal that can't feel it won't get that memo（备忘录），even if it hurts itself．此外，渔民们认为鱼不会感到疼痛的观点，从进化论的观点来看，也不（　　）疼痛是一个有效的信息传递者，它告诉我们，我们遇到了问题．一个感觉不到的动物，即使伤害了自己，也不会得到那份备忘录．"可知add up本意意为"相加、台乎情理、说得通、积少成多"．结合选项：A．Disappear消失；B．Put forward提出；C．Make sense讲得通，有意义；D．Happen发生．故选C．
这是一篇议论文．文章讲述了一项研究，研究表明鱼可以感觉疼痛，鱼感到疼痛后做法与人相似，会停止进食和减少活动；科学家们观察了其它物种疼痛感受器，了 解了疼痛感受器是如何运作的，Sneddon呼吁人们人道主义地对待鱼．
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．

8~11.【答案】C、B、A、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中The announcement，combined with a forecast for the vital Christmas quarter，sent shares falling by more than 7 percent in after-hours trading，knocking over ＄70 billion off its value.（苹果公司的公告，加上对关键的圣诞季的预测，导致股价在盘后交易中下跌超过7%，市值蒸发逾700亿美元。）可知，苹果公司的公告导致股价下跌。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中During this period，it sold 46.9 million iPhones，flat on the same period last year and below what analysts had expected.（今年在截止9月底的三个月里，iPhone销量为4690万部，与去年同一时期持平，不过低于分析预期。）可知，去年同一个时期的销量和今年是一样的。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。第三段中提到it convinced consumers to buy more expensive versions of the iPhone（苹果公司说服消费者购买了更昂贵的iPhone版本）；第四段中提到Apple has successfully pushed its users into paying more for newer versions of its iPhone by adding new features and bigger screen sizes.（通过增加新功能和更大屏幕，苹果成功地迫使用户为新版iPhone支付更多费用。）由此可知，虽然股价下跌，但是苹果公司说服消费者为新功能、更大的屏幕花了比之前更多的钱，也就是价格上涨了。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第四段中Tim Cook Apple's chief executive，said sales had been  disappointing in some emerging markets such as India，Turkey and Brazil（苹果的CEO Tim Cook表示在诸如印度、土耳其和巴西这样的新兴市场中，苹果的销量让人失望。）可知，在这些新兴市场中，苹果并不是很受欢迎。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。作为世界上唯一的万亿美元的上市公司，苹果公司股票下跌；但是苹果公司说服消费者购买更昂贵的iPhone版本，从而实现了利润的增长。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】C、D、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段的While the best solution would be to have the structures ready before they get there，it has so far been a challenge given that most construction robots have never made it out of the laboratory.（虽然最好的解决方案是在结构到达之前做好准备，但到目前为止，这是一个挑战，因为大多数建筑机器人从未走出实验室）可推知，在火星上建造建筑物正处于测试阶段。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段的...unlike other 3—D printers that are limited to building objects that fit within their overall enclosure，DCP's free moving system can be used to construct structures of any size.（……与其他3 D打印机不同的是，DCP的自由移动系统只能用于构建任何尺寸的结构）可知，与其他3 D打印不同，它可以建造更多样化的房屋。故选D。
（3）段落大意题。根据第三段的The team recently demonstrated the DCP's building skills on an empty field in Mountain View，CA.（该团队最近在加利福尼亚州山景城的一块空地上展示了DCP的建筑技能）可知，本段主要介绍了DCP的成功案例。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段的most importantly，capable of sourcing construction components from its surroundings.This means the robot can be sent to remote，disaster-stricken areas，and perhaps even to Mars，to build shelters using whatever material is available.（最重要的是，能够从周边采购建筑构件。这意味着机器人可以被送到偏远的灾区，甚至火星，用任何可用的材料建造居所）可知，未来DCP的最大亮点是可以现场收集建筑材料。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了麻省理工学院（Massachusetts Institute of Technology）最新公布的数字建设平台（DCP）将如何解决在火星上建房子的问题的。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

16~20.【答案】F、E、C、G、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据上文Before the invention of paper money and coin，people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling.（在发明纸币和硬币之前，人们使用许多不同种类的东西进行买卖。）可知，在纸币发明前人们用实物来买卖；选项F" 例如，在那段时间里，买一只鸡可能要花几个土豆。"用一个例子来说明那个时代用交换不同的东西进行买卖，选项中的"During that time"指代上文"Before the invention of paper money and coin"；下文This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering （以货换货）.（这种商品和服务与其他商品和服务的交换被称为物物交换。）对上文的这种买卖行为进行了定义。故选 F。
（2）联系上文题。上文第一段讲述了在发明纸币和硬币之前，人们使用以货换货进行买卖；下文In 1200 BC，people in China began to use shells as money.Usually the shells used as money were very small.This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances，and allowed trade to develop between different parts of the country.（公元前1200年，中国人开始使用贝壳作为货币。通常用作货币的贝壳都很小。这使得人们更容易远距离携带货币，并促进了国内不同地区之间的贸易发展。）说明随着时代的发展，新的买卖形式出现，以货换货被货币买卖所取代，在公元前 1200 年中国人开始使用贝壳作为货币，贝壳便于携带，促进了贸易的发展；E选项"然而，随着经济的发展，这种交换变得不切实际。"承接第一段，说明随着经济发展以货换货变得不切实际，此句承上启下，选项中的"such exchanges"指代第一段中的"bartering"，符合语境。故选E。
（3）联系上文题。由上文In the years which followed this invention，many other countries around the world began to do the same.（在这项发明之后的几年里，世界上许多其他国家也开始这样做。）可知，在中国人开始使用贝壳作为货币之后，许多国家也开始使用贝壳作为货币；由此可知，C选项"他们也使用小贝壳作为买卖的货币。"符合语境，选项中的"They"指代上文中的"many other countries"。故选C。
（4）联系上文题。上文It wasn't long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal.（没过多久，中国人就用金属制造了圆形硬币。）介绍了货币的进一步的发展，即中国人制造了圆形硬币；G选项"最初的硬币上通常有洞，这样人们就可以把它们串在一起。"承接上文，对当时的圆形硬币进行描述，符合语境。故选G。
（5）联系上文题。上文About 1，000 years later，leather was used as money in China，and in 806 AD，the first banknotes were produced by the Chinese people.（大约一千年后，皮革在中国被用作货币，公元806年，中国人印制了第一张纸币。）进一步介绍货币的发展历程，中国是最早发明纸币的国家；D选项"许多年后纸币才在欧洲出现。"说明其他国家使用纸币比中国晚了很多年，符合语境，选项中的"paper currency"与上文"banknotes"意义一致。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了货币在中国的发展过程，由实物交换到贝壳货币再到金属货币，最后发明了纸币，中国是世界上最早发明贝壳货币、金属货币和纸币的国家。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

21~35.【答案】D、D、C、C、A、D、B、A、A、D、B、B、A、C、B
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.cautious谨慎的；B.courageous勇敢的；C.serious严肃的；D.anxious焦急的，急切的。句意：随着日子一天天过去，大家都更加急切地等待着最后的上课铃声。根据本句"waiting for the final school bell"可知每个人更加急切地等待着最后的上课铃声。故选D。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.modestly谨慎地；B.naturally自然地；C.inaccurately不准确地；D.inappropriately不适当地。句意：我常常想知道大卫的家庭生活是什么样的，想知道什么样的母亲会让儿子在寒冷的冬天，不穿外套，不穿靴子，也不戴手套，穿着如此不合适的衣服去上学。根据本句"for the cold winter months，without a coat，boots，or gloves."可知大卫穿得衣服在这个季节并不合适。故选D。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.popular流行的；B.upset沮丧的；C.special特别的；D.funny有趣的。句意：但有些东西让大卫与众不同。上文中说David穿得不好，下文中说作者能记得的是大卫脸上一直挂着微笑，总是乐于助人。由此说明他很特别。故选C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.expressing表达；B.delivering发表；C.wearing流露，穿着；D.sharing分享。句意：我还记得他总是面带微笑，乐于助人。结合后文"a smile and willing to help"可知此处指大卫总是面带微笑，短语wear a smile"面带笑容"。故选C。
（5）考查情态动词及语境理解。A.would将会；B.should应该；C.might可能；D.could能够。句意：他只会微笑着问我还能做些什么，然后感谢我让他留下来，然后慢慢地回家。结合上文可知事情发生在过去，指大卫总是会微笑着问作者自己还能做什么，此处指过去习惯性的动作应用would。故选A。
（6）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.aim at针对；B.turn to求助于；C.put off推迟；D.head for前往。句意：他只会微笑着问我还能做些什么，然后感谢我让他留下来，然后慢慢地回家。根据后文home可知是指大卫打扫完教室后，慢慢回家。故选D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.argument争论；B.excitement兴奋，激动；C.movement运动；D.judgment判断。句意：几个星期过去了，对即将到来的圣诞节的兴奋变成了烦躁不安，直到放假前的最后一天。根据后文"over the coming Christmas"可知圣诞节即将到来，学生们都因此非常兴奋激动。故选B。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.school学校；B.year年；C.education教育；D.programme项目。句意：几个星期过去了，对即将到来的圣诞节的兴奋变成了烦躁不安，直到上学的最后一天。根据本句"before the holiday break"可知这里意思是上学的最后一天。故选A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.relief减轻；B.return返回；C.vain徒劳；D.control控制。句意：当最后一个人匆匆出门时，我如释重负地笑了。结合上文I smiled in可知烦躁不安的学生们都放假离开了，所以作者是如释重负地笑了。in relief"如释重负"。故选A。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.searching搜索；B.finding找到；C.raising筹集；D.pulling拉，掏。句意："我有东西要给你，"他说着从背后掏出一个小盒子递给我，焦急地说："打开吧。"结合后文"from behind his back a small box"可知是指大卫从背后掏出一个小盒子。故选D。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.Holding持有；B.Handing递给；C.Sending寄；D.Leaving离开。句意："我有东西要给你，"他说着从背后掏出一个小盒子递给我，焦急地说："打开吧。"根据"he said anxiously， "Open it.""可知这里意思是他把盒子递给作者。故选B。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.cheap便宜的；B.empty空的；C.useless无用的；D.improper不适当的。句意：我看着大卫微笑的脸，又看回盒子说："盒子很漂亮，大卫，但它是空的。"根据后文"the little empty box set on my desk."可知这个盒子是空的。故选B。
（13）考查连接词及语境理解。A.as当……时候，正如；B.until直到……为止；C.because因为；D.though虽然。句意：当我看着这张我很少注意到的骄傲的、很脏的脸时，我的眼睛里充满了泪水。结合上下文语境可知，此处指作者看着大卫时，眼睛里充满了泪水。为时间状语从句，表示"当……时"应用as。故选A。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.advice建议；B.support支持；C.attention注意力；D.command命令。句意：当我看着这张我很少注意到的骄傲的、很脏的脸时，我的眼睛里充满了泪水。根据前文中的"We never talked much"可知，作者并没有对大卫注意太多。故选C。
（15）考查介词及语境理解。A.from来自；B.behind在……后面；C.over超越；D.towards朝，向。句意：那个圣诞节后，大卫和我成了好朋友，我永远也不会忘记放在我桌上的那个小空盒子背后的意义。结合语境此处指空盒子"背后"的含义应用介词behind。故选B。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者班上的一名学生大卫穿得总是不合时宜。但是，他脸上一直挂着微笑，乐于助人。有一年的圣诞节，大卫送给作者一个空盒子，作者很吃惊。大卫告诉作者盒子里是满满的爱。在那个圣诞节之后，作者和大卫成为了好朋友，作者永远不会忘记自己桌子上那个小空盒子后面的含义。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。

36.【答案】【小题1】topped
【小题2】films
【小题3】written
【小题4】and
【小题5】a
【小题6】for
【小题7】which
【小题8】had spent
【小题9】mysterious
【小题10】effectively
【解析】（1）考查动词时态。句意：《流浪地球》在2019年中国农历新年电影季中排名第一。时间状语为during the 2019 Chinese Lunar New Year film season，故用一般过去时。故填topped。
（2）考查可数名词的复数。句意：中国导演张艺谋的《满江红》也是2023年最受期待的电影之一。one of后跟可数名词的复数，故用复数形式，故填films。
（3）考查过去分词。句意："满江红"这个名字来自岳飞的一首诗。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词comes，故空处需填非谓语动词作定语，a poem和write之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填written。
（4）考查连词。句意：由香港影星梁朝伟和内地影星王一博主演的《无名》也定于2023年中国农历新年期间首映。结合句意可知，此处前后为并列关系，故填and。
（5）考查冠词。句意：这部电影讲述了发生在抗日战争时期（1931-1945）的故事。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，story为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
（6）考查介词。句意：导演田晓鹏因2015年的动画电影《大圣归来》而闻名，该电影获得了9.55亿元的票房收入。be known for表示"因……而出名"，符合句意。故填for。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：导演田晓鹏因2015年的动画电影《大圣归来》而闻名，该电影获得了9.55亿元的票房收入。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Monkey King：Hero is Back，指物，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（8）考查时态及主谓一致。句意：田晓鹏在接受采访时说，他花了7年时间制作《深海》。结合句意可知，spend发生在said之前，表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时。故填had spent。
（9）考查形容词。句意：它以水底世界为背景，讲述了一个女孩探索神秘海洋世界的故事。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词sea world，故填mysterious。
（10）考查副词。句意：影评人表示，具有票房吸引力的高质量电影可以有效地加速行业复苏，并预测本季总票房将超过70亿元人民币。此处用副词作状语修饰动词accelerate。故填effectively。
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2023年春节档上映的几部电影。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

37.【答案】My English learning experience I've learned English for years and have made great progress in it.But the process used to be painful for me.（你遇到的困难）
When I was in primary school，I found it difficult to pronounce new words properly，let alone remembering them. 【高分句型一】With my teacher's help，I began to set small，achievable goals and practiced more.Listening to English songs and watching English movies also helped excite my interest and increase my confidence.Now I'm no longer afraid of learning English and have become a passionate English learner who can communicate with foreigners fluently.【高分句型二】（你是如何克服的）
The secret to learning English lies in hard work and strong belief in yourself.So be confident and try your best.I'm sure you can make it too!（建议）
【解析】高分句型一：When I was in primary school，I found it difficult to pronounce new words properly，let alone remembering them.
翻译：当我上小学时，我发现新单词很难正确发音，更不用说记住它们了。
分析：本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：Now I'm no longer afraid of learning English and have become a passionate English learner who can communicate with foreigners fluently.
翻译：现在我不再害怕学习英语了，我已经成为一个充满热情的英语学习者，能够与外国人流利地交流。
分析：本句使用了who引导的定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。

38.【答案】    When the movie ended and the lights came on, I remained seated. Hearing the crowds slowly move towards the door, my heart was beating wildly, but I knew if I stood up, I might be discovered. It felt like forever until almost all the people left. I peeked at where my aunt and uncle had been and found they were gone. Raine nodded at me, and we made a dash out of the door and fled down the stairs. I was running towards the gate of the cinema like crazy when I spotted two familiar figures. 
    In front of us were my aunt and uncle, waiting at the gate. "We saw you the moment we came in. You haven't really enjoyed the movie, have you?" Out of breath, we hung our head in shame. Biting my lips, I heard Raine trying to defend ourselves, "It was my idea, Sir! But school is boring!" A long, horrible silence. Then my aunt just asked us to think about how worried my mother and how angry and disappointed my father would be. Raine said no more, and l felt even guiltier. In the end, we decided to make a sincere apology to my parents and my teachers as well.
【解析】【思路点拨】
一、文章梳理
【原文大意】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在同伴的说服下，一起逃课去看电影，结果被自己的叔叔婶婶发现而受到教育，之后认识到自己的错误并道歉的故事。
【段落续写】
①由第一段首句“当电影结束，灯亮了，我仍然坐着。”可知，第一段可描写作者因为害怕被叔叔婶婶发现，所表现出的心理活动和动作。
②由第二段首句“我们前面是我的姑姑和叔叔，他们在门口等着。”可知，第二段可描写作者和同伴认识到了自己的错误。
二、线索厘清
【续写线索】
​​​​​​​逃课看电影——被发现——受到教育——道歉
【词汇激活】
​​​​​​​行为类
①偷看：peek at/glance at
②发现：find/spot
情绪类
①喜欢：enjoy/prefer/be passionate about
②羞愧的：ashamed/abashed
三、范文鉴赏
【高分句式】
①Hearing the crowds slowly move towards the door, my heart was beating wildly, but I knew if I stood up, I might be discovered.（动词的-ing形式作状语）
②Then my aunt just asked us to think about how worried my mother and how angry and disappointed my father would be.（how引导的宾语从句）
【亮点词汇】
略
【高分句型】
略
【结构布局】
略
【拓展词汇】
略
【拓展句型】
略