专题11 定语从句-思维导图破解初中英语语法及真题演练（全国通用）

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定语从句结构图解
定语从句
引导词
特殊情况
注意事项
先行词是人，用wh
先行词非人，用which
宾格whm
用that不用which的条件
用which不用that的条件
无引导词：先行词在定从中作宾语，引导词可省略
先行词在定从中作主语，定从谓动单复数由先行词决定
ne f+复数名词，作先行词，谓动用复数
the (nly) ne f, the very/right+复数名词，作先行词，谓动用单数
作定语的句子，即“…的”
可以作名词或代词的定语
万能钥匙that
引导词用that，不用which的条件
= 1 \* GB3 ①先行词前有最高级修饰；或先行词就是最高级；
= 2 \* GB3 ②先行词前有序数词修饰；或先行词就是序数词；
= 3 \* GB3 ③先行词前有the nly, the right, the last, just, the same, the very等词修饰；
= 4 \* GB3 ④先行词是不定代词all, everything, ne等词；或先行词前有不定代词修饰时；
= 5 \* GB3 ⑤先行词中既有人又有物；
= 6 \* GB3 ⑥主句是which或wh引导的特殊疑问句；
= 7 \* GB3 ⑦There be 句型中
引导词用which，不用 that的条件
= 1 \* GB3 ①引导词前有介词，如：in which;n which;with whm
= 2 \* GB3 ②先行词是that, thse
不用that的条件
介词后用whm，which，不用that
Part2 中考真题精选
2022中考真题
1．（2022·吉林·中考真题）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her classes lively and interesting.
A．whichB．whC．what
2．（2022·湖北恩施·中考真题）China is the first natin ________ sent Chang’e Ⅳ t the far side f the mn.
A．whichB．thatC．wh
3．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）The bys __________ are playing ftball are frm Class One.
A．whichB．whC．whse
4．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）I can’t frget the teachers and the university ________ I visited tw years ag. They bring me many sweet memries.
A．thatB．whichC．what
5．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）We shuld remember thse ________ lst their lives fr ur cuntry.
A．whB．whmC．which
6．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Is the wman ______ walked past just nw yur teacher?
—Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all lve her very much.
A．which; urB．wh; usC．which; usD．that; ur
7．（2022·湖北十堰·中考真题）Students lve the teachers ________ are utging and humrus.
A．whB．whmC．whichD．whse
8．（2022·四川·乐山市教育科学研究所中考真题）— What kind f bks d yu like best?
— I like bks ________ are abut science and technlgy.
A．whB．whmC．which
9．（2022·四川达州·中考真题）—D yu like the mvie ________ is called The Battle at Lake Changjin?
—Sure. I think n mvie is ________ than it.
A．that; mre tuchingB．what; less tuchingC．that; mre tuchedD．which; less tuched
10．（2022·四川成都·中考真题）Rme is an ancient city _______ is full f places f interest.
A．whereB．whichC．wh
11．（2022·四川自贡·中考真题）—What d yu think f the Mnkey King?
—I think he’s a her ________ keeps fighting t help the weak peple.
A．whB．whereC．whse
12．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）— Tm, what kind f stries d yu prefer?
— The nes ________ have a happy ending.
A．thatB．whC．thseD．whm
13．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）—Mm is waiting. Can we set ff nw?
—Just a minute. I can’t find the shes ________ I bught last week.
A．thatB．whC．whatD．wh
14．（2022·湖南株洲·中考真题）Yuan Lngping is a great scientist ________ will live in ur heart frever.
A．whichB．whC．what
15．（2022·广西玉林·中考真题）—Vlunteering is a meaningful activity.
—I agree. We shuld express thanks t the peple ________ d vlunteer jbs.
A．whmB．whatC．whD．which
16．（2022·湖南邵阳·中考真题）—What kind f music d yu like, Linda?
—I like music ________ I can dance t.
A．whenB．thatC．what
17．（2022·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）— Jeff, what are yu watching?
— A shrt vide abut Zhang Guimei ________ stries mve me deeply.
A．whB．whmC．whse
18．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）He ________ des nt reach the Great Wall is nt a true man.
A．whmB．/C．whichD．wh
2021中考真题
1．（2021·辽宁营口市·中考真题）I’ll never frget the place ________ we visited tgether last year.
A．whichB．whatC．whD．whm
2．（2021·黑龙江大庆市·中考真题）I’d like t express my thanks t everyne ________ served the cmmunity.
A．whichB．whC．whereD．when
3．（2021·山东滨州市·中考真题）In my pinin, f all the bks, this is the nly ne ______ is well wrth reading.
A．whB．thatC．whmD．what
4．（2021·湖北黄冈市·中考真题）— What can we d fr the left-hme children in the village ________ need help?
— We culd help them with their study nline n weekends.
A．whichB．whmC．whseD．wh
5．（2021·贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州·中考真题）On December 31, 2020, the New Year speech ________ President Xi Jinping made encuraged us Chinese t wrk harder fr ur mtherland.
A．whB．whseC．whichD．what
6．（2021·贵州铜仁市·中考真题）—D yu knw the by ________ hand writing wn the first in the cmpetitin?
—Oh, he is Wang Wei, ur mnitr.
A．whB．whseC．whmD．which
7．（2021·黑龙江绥化市·中考真题）I like smart clthes ________ are made f silk.
A．whB．whichC．what
8．（2021·贵州贵阳市·中考真题）Abing’s Erquan Yingyue is a piece f music _________ has becme ne f China’s natinal treasures.
A．whB．whichC．whse
9．（2021·福建中考真题）We all miss Wu Mengcha ________ saved thusands f lives in his medical wrk.
A．whichB．whatC．wh
10．（2021·湖北十堰市·中考真题）This is the first birthday gift _________ I received. I’ve kept it many years.
A．whichB．thatC．whD．what
11．（2021·青海中考真题）Chaka Salt Lake ________ is knwn as Mirrr f the Sky interests mre and mre turists.
A．whereB．whichC．wh
12．（2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题）—D yu knw the wman ______ wears a blue skirt?
—Oh, she’s my aunt.
A．whichB．whC．what
13．（2021·四川乐山市·中考真题）—D yu like the weekly talk shw, The Reader, n CCTV?
—Sure. It’s a great TV prgramme _________ brings the habit f reading back int the public.
A．whB．thatC．what
14．（2021·湖南岳阳市·中考真题）All f the classmates prefer the sng Sha Nian ________.
A．that they can sing alng with
B．which can they sing alng with
C．wh they can sing alng with
15．（2021·四川达州市·中考真题）—Culd yu tell me ________ kind f mvies yu like best?
—Umm…. I like the mvies ________ make me laugh.
A．what; whichB．what; whatC．which; whatD．which; where
16．（2021·云南中考真题）Yuan Lngping is a great scientist ________ was hnred as “The Father f Hybrid Rice”.
A．whenB．whC．whichD．whse
17．（2021·四川成都市·中考真题）Zhang Hng, a Chinese, is the first Asian blind climber ________ has reached the tp f Qmlangma.
A．whB．whseC．which
18．（2021·甘肃天水市·中考真题）A true friend is a persn ________ reaches fr yur hand and tuches yur heart.
A．whmB．whseC．whD．which
【2020年】
1.【2020 •青海省】We’ ll never frget thse ________ lst their lives fr ur cuntry.
A. whB. whichC. whm
2.【2020 •福建省】Du Fu is a great Chinese pet ________ has becme ppular with many peple arund the wrld.
A．whichB．whmC．wh
3.【2020 •黑龙江绥化】We all like cmedies __________ make us relaxed.
A. whB. thatC. whm
4.【2020 •吉林省】This is the CD_____________ I bught last year.
A. whB. thatC. whm
5.【2020 •盐城市】What ur sciety is like is decided by everyne chses t behave.
A. whereB. whenC. hwD. why
6.【2020•湖北省恩施州】Mary is my English teacher ________ nt nly teaches me knwledge but als hw t be a gd persn.
A．SheB．whichC．wh
7..【2020•湖北省十堰市】—We teenagers shuld lk up t the peple ______ have made great achievements t ur cuntry, like Yuan Lngping.
—I think s.
A．whB．whatC．whichD．whse
8.【2020•鄂州市】I will remember the imprtant peple in my life ________ helped and supprted me.
A. whB. whichC. whatD. hw
9.【2020•黄冈市】—D yu knw the girl__ is giving the speech?
—Of curse. She is my best friend, Meimei.
A. whichB. whC. whmD. what
10.【2020•怀化市】—D yu like the sng Sha Nian?
—Yes. I like the sngs ______ I can sing alng with.
A. thatB. whC. what
11.【2020 •广西北部湾经济区】Our teacher tld us a funny stry ________ made us laugh.
A. whenB. whichC. whD. whm
12.【2020 •黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】The huse in ________ Lu Xun used t live is nw a museum.
A. whichB. whereC. that
13. 【2020 •黑龙江哈尔滨市中考】—What are they talking abut?
—They are talking abut the greatest inventins ________ have made a big difference t ur daily life.
A. whichB. whC. that
14. 【2020 •山东滨州市中考】—D yu knw Li Ziqi?
—Of curse. She is a beautiful girl________has made many vides t shw a traditinal Chinese way f life.
A. whseB. whereC. whichD. wh
15. 【2020 •四川省成都市中考】The bk ________cver has a beautiful picture is Lily's.
A. whichB. whseC. that
16 【2020 •甘孜州中考】The nurse _____________ is lking after the ld man is Tm’s sister.
A. whichB. whC. what
17. 【2020 •贵州省安顺市中考】In difficult times, there are always natinal heres ________ step up and bring peple hpe.
A. whmB. whichC. wh
18. 【2020 •贵州黔东南州中考】Li Wenliang is a brave dctr ________ is knwn t millins f Chinese peple.
A. whB. whichC. whatD. when
【2019年】
1. 【2019 • 黑龙江省大庆市】The bk __________ I read last night was fantastic.
A. thatB. whatC. whseD. wh
2. 【2019 • 吉林省中考】Mr. Brwn is a teacher __________ is strict with all is students.
A. whichB. whC. where
3. 【2019 • 甘肃省天水市】—Have yu seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ?
—Yes. It’s the best ne __________ I have ever seen.
A. thatB. whichC. whatD. it
4. 【2019 • 贵州省贵阳市】Wang Yangming is a great educatinalist __________ develped mst f his thughts in Xiuwen.
A. whichB. whatC. wh
5. 【2019 • 四川省内江市】The bk __________ was written by him is very interesting.
A. whB. whmC. whichD. /
6. 【2019 • 四川省遂宁市】My mther desn’t like stries __________ have sad endings.
A. thatB. whC. whereD. thse
7. 【2019 • 四川省达州市】—Frank, lk! Wh are the children under the tree __________ waiting in a line?
—They are the students frm N. 1 Primary Schl.
A. that areB. where areC. which isD. wh is
8. 【2019 • 内蒙古呼和浩特市】Sitting dwn after a walk is relaxing. But wuld yu like t sit n a seat __________ tell yu yur weight?
A. / B. wh C. whm D. that
9. 【2019 • 湖南省湘潭市】On Mnday April 15， 2019， the fire __________ brke ut in Ntre Dame Cathedral in Paris shcked the wrld.
A. thatB. whC. where
10. 【2019 • 广西省玉林市】—Hey, Anna, Wuld yu like t see The White Strm with me?
—Yu mean, the new plice stry __________ was filmed by Chen Musheng.
A. whB. whatC. whseD. which
11. 【2019 • 甘肃省兰州市】The mvie ___________ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.
A. whB. whichC. whereD. when
12. 【2019 • 四川省乐山市】—What are yu lking fr?
—I’m lking fr the strybk ___________ yu lent t me last week.
A. whB. whichC. when
13. 【2019 • 山东省临沂市】Peppa Pig (《小猪佩奇》) is a British cartn ___________ has been ppular in China and is much lved by little children and their parents.
A. whB. whichC. /
14. 【2019 • 四川省眉山市】Success always belngs t thse ___________ have tried their best t make their dreams cme true.
A. whB. whmC. whseD. which
15. 【2019 • 湖北省随州市】—What kind f mvies d yu like?
—I prefer mvies ___________ give me smething t think abut.
A. whichB. whC. whatD. when
16. 【2019 • 甘肃省武威市】I prefer music ___________ has great lyrics.
A. whB. whseC. thatD. /
17. 【2019 • 湖南省长沙市】China is getting better at making hi-tech prducts ___________ can be bught in all parts f the wrld.
A. whB. whichC. what
18. 【2019 • 广东省中考】Nt all children ___________ watch this vide will becme a scientist, but sme may becme interested in science.
A. whmB. whichC. whD. whse
19. 【2019 • 湖北省鄂州市】—D yu like the weekly talk shw The Readers n CCTV?
—Sure. It’s a great TV prgram ___________ can develp the habit f reading.
A. whB. thatC. whatD. whse
20. 【2019 • 福建省中考】Du Fugu is a her ___________ is knwn t millins f Chinese peple.
A. whB. whichC. what
21. 【2019 • 河南省中考】—D yu knw the by ver there?
—The ne ___________ is hlding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbr Phil.
A. whatB. whichC.whD.不填
22. 【2019 • 黑龙江省哈尔滨市】—Have yu gt ready fr the sccer game?
—Yes. I’ve dne everything ___________ I can t win the game.
A. whB. that C. which
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查定语从句，不定代词everything作先行词，故定语从句引导词用that。
23. 【2019 • 湖南省湘西州】—What kind f mvies d yu like？
—I prefer mvies ___________ give me smething t think abut.
A. that B. what C. where
24. 【2019 • 山东省滨州市】—D yu knw the man ___________ spke at the meeting just nw?
—N, I dn’t knw.
A. whatB. whC. whichD. whse
25. 【2019 • 湖南省郴州市】All the classmates enjyed the cake ___________ I made at the party. It was really delicius
A. thatB. whC. what
26. 【2019 • 四川省成都市】—The by ___________ lst is crying there.
—Hw d yu knw he gets lst?
A. whseB. whC. wh’s
27. 【2019 • 江苏省淮安市】The charities have helped mre children with the mney ___________ peple raise.
A. whB. whatC. whereD. which
28. 【2019 • 湖北省黄冈市】—Tmrrw is Father’s Day. What’s yur surprise fr yur father?
—The first thing ___________ I will d is t make a card fr him.
A. whB. whereC. whseD. that
人
主
wh
关系代词
引导词
人
宾
whm
物
主/宾
which
人/物
主/宾
that
人/物
定
whse=f whm人 =f which物
时间
状
when=in which/ n which=at which
关系副词
地点
状
where=in which/ at which
原因
状
why=fr which