专题05 阅读理解20篇——2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末专题冲刺复习（人教版2019）

这是一份专题05 阅读理解20篇——2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末专题冲刺复习（人教版2019），共41页。

人教版（2019）高二英语下学期期末复习 查缺补漏冲刺满分
(名校最新期末真题)
专题05 阅读理解20篇
（2023春·山东青岛·高二统考期末）On Monday, American ski mountaineer Hilaree Nelson and her partner Jim Morrison reached the summit of 26,781-foot Manaslu, the eighth-highest mountain in the world. Soon after the 49-year-old Nelson began her descent（下降）on skis，she triggered small avalanche（雪崩）and was swept away. On Wednesday, Morrison found her body.
“Often times in life, people want to play it safe, and we make everything around us to be comfortable and safe,” ski mountaineer Hilaree Nelson once said. “Therefore, we can make choices where you can see where that road is going to take you, and I've always been tending to make a choice that I don't know where it's going to take me.”
Nelson, a National Geographic Explorer, had a distinctive sense of travel that led her through more than 40 expeditions to 16 countries. In 2012, six years later, Nelson returned to Lhotse to become the first to ski from its summit.
She was deeply respected for both her extensive big-mountain experience, and her mindful approach to life's challenges. In 2018, Nelson was named captain of the North Face Athlete Team, a title only one other athlete has held. A National Geographic Society grantee, she was also one of the winners of the 2018 National Geographic Adventurer of the Year award. Despite her many super-hero accomplishments, friends recall her as a thoughtful presence and quiet leader, someone who never sought the limelight.
Throughout her career, Nelson struggled at times with the expectations and limitations of being a woman, a mother, and a professional adventurer---and becoming a role model for younger generations of female athletes in the process. “Nelson paved the way for women in the adventure sports space with her refusal to choose between motherhood and her athletic career," says Emily Harrington, a climber who joined her on the Hkakabo Razi expedition. “ She followed her passion as well as raising her family with a mix of courage and grace in a way only a true leader could.”
1．What happened to Hilaree Nelson according to paragraph 1?
A．She lost her life because of an avalanche.
B．She reached the summit of Manaslu alone.
C．She failed to find her partner and lost her life.
D．Her partner found her body a week after her death.
2．Why did Nelson return to Lhotse in 2012?
A．To explore the high mountain.
B．To meet with her partner Morrison.
C．To challenge herself to ski from its top.
D．To become the best woman explorer to ski.
3．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．Courage of Nelson as a good adventurer.
B．Reasons for Nelson's love for adventures.
C．Hardships for Nelson to balance life and work.
D．The great achievements Nelson once achieved.
4．Which of the following best describes Hilaree Nelson ?
A．Careful and confident. B．Devoted and adventurous.
C．Thoughtful and considerate. D．Creative and responsible.

（2023春·山东青岛·高二统考期末）From Dec 7 to 19, delegates from around the world met at the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (also known as COP15), in Montreal, Canada. After two weeks of intense debate at COP15, delegates agreed on Dec 19 to adopt a landmark plan to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030. “Finally, we reached our destiny. We adopted the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework,” Huang Runqiu, COP15 president and China’s minister of ecology and environment, announced on Dec 19.
The new framework is a commitment by 196 parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity to conserve at least 30 percent of the Earth’s land and ocean area by the next decade. It also will increase the expected annual financial assistance from developed countries through 2030 to help developing nations with biodiversity protection.
The aim of COP15 is to ensure biodiversity loss is changed by 2030, and that humans are able to live in harmony with nature by 2050.To realize these objectives can be very challenging. At COP10 in Nagoya, Japan in 2010, the parties agreed on the 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets (爱知生物多样性目标). But, as of now, none of the 20 objectives has been fully realized.
It is important to turn consensus into effective actions. Yet, as recent talks have shown, an aspect of effective international action on stopping climate change is the cooperation of developed countries. Developed countries, however, have fallen short of their responsibility as they have failed to fulfill the obligations according to the COP convention to provide funding and technology to poorer nations who lack the means to combat climate change.
To solve this problem, the framework creates a new biodiversity fund within the UN’s existing Global Environment Facility. This came about as a compromise between developing nations, which wanted a new fund, and developed countries, which did not. In addition, a global youth initiative (倡议) was also released, hoping young people to be leaders and advocates for biodiversity conservation.
5．What is the aim of COP15?
A．To save at least 30 percent of the Earth’s land and ocean area by next decade.
B．To stop biodiversity loss and promote harmony between man and nature.
C．To strengthen the cooperation between developed and developing countries
D．To provide funding and technology to poorer nations to fight climate change.
6．Why is COP10 mentioned in the passage?
A．To show the parties didn’t fulfill the obligation
B．To show the objectives were too high to realize
C．To show it is difficult to realize the objectives of COP 15
D．To show Japan didn’t hold the meeting successfully.
7．What does the underlined word “consensus” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Statistic. B．Emotion. C．Intervention. D．Agreement.
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．International cooperation is important.
B．A new framework is made in the COP15.
C．Joint efforts are needed to fight climate change.
D．Historic COP 15 deals are released on biodiversity.

（2023秋·河南洛阳·高二统考期末）Spanish poet Manuel Moya has found an inexhaustible treasure and source of inspiration in the works of some ancient Chinese poets. The grey-bearded 57-year-old never tried to hide his strong love for the famous ancient Chinese recluse (隐士)，Tao Yuanming (352/365-427) and other poets Wang Wei, Li Bai and Du Fu, and openly emulates their styles, in both his works and life.
“ A home set in vanity fair turns out/ My shelter from carriage noises without/ You me how it can happen this way/ It proves remote when your mind is far away,” Tao thus wrote in his famous poem.
In “Recalling a Poem by Wang Wei (699/701-761 )，” Moya transplanted his hometown’s natural views verse by verse to where the Chinese poet put the sunset and birds over autumn mountains.
Such 21st-century Spanish versions of ancient Chinese pastoral poems helped win him a local poetry prize. It added to the many honors, some of them national, granted to him in a span of 34 years, during which he published more than 20 poetry anthologies and 10 storybooks and novels.
Moya started to imitate these ancient poems, thanks in large part to the efforts of Joaquin Chen, 79, who had translated those Chinese poems into Spanish. In fact, Moya regarded Chen as his ‘‘ tutor”. “ Mr. Chen led me into a new poetry wonderland,” he said. Moya is one of the many Spanish literary greats whom Chen’s work has converted to the beauty of ancient Chinese poetry. “I’m very grateful to the many people like Mr. Chen. I learned how to write from them,” said Moya. “The seed Mr. Chen sowed in me has grown into blossoms.”
“Poets of both countries care much about the miseries of human life, and express their thoughts in languages and melodies as beautiful as possible,” he said.
9．What does the underlined word “emulates” in paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A．Imitates. B．Recites. C．Collects, D．Summarizes.
10．Why is Joaquin Chen mentioned?
A．To tell he is a master of Chinese poets.
B．To emphasize his unique position in poetry.
C．To show he has a great influence on Moya.
D．To prove his importance in literature.
11．What do Moya’s words in the last paragraph imply?
A．Spanish and Chinese poets use beautiful words.
B．Spanish and Chinese poetry have similar structure.
C．Spanish and Chinese poets learn from each other.
D．Spanish and Chinese poetry share an inner depth.
12．What’s a suitable title for the passage?
A．The Spanish Admire Ancient Chinese Poetry
B．Ancient Chinese Poetry Inspires Spanish Poet
C．Spanish Poetry Comes from Chinese Poetry
D．Chinese Poetry Was Spread around the World

（2023秋·河南洛阳·高二统考期末）I have always straggled to fall asleep earlier than midnight. However, my schedule requires me to wake up at 5:30 am five days a week. I constantly feel tired. I am not alone in this case, though. One in three adults don’t get enough sleep. Poor sleep can be the result of everything from blue light to noise pollution and our very biology. But personally, changing the US work schedule is necessary.
Everyone’s body has a natural schedule based on genetics. 30%-50% of people sleep between 11 pm and 7 am. 40% of people rise a little earlier or sleep a little later. Many Americans begin to work when their body’s natural clock wants them to be asleep. Chronic (长期的)poor sleep can make us work ineffectively and even result in more severe health consequences like a higher risk of depression, diabetes，obesity，and even various cancers.
One town in Germany allows people to sleep when their body needs to. They have investigated ideas like starting work later and getting rid of “daylight saving time” to better fit their natural schedule. In the US，we don’t prioritize our chronobiology. Our society rewards people who wake up early, but honestly, that isn’t the case for most of us. People with later chronotypes are forced to adopt earlier schedules and suffer health consequences or miss Work and educational opportunities. It’s obvious that a change is needed.
The solution is simple. We should adjust US work schedules to be more accepting of employee chronobiology to give Americans better sleep health and productivity. We can allow workers to have more choices regarding their schedules to allow for healthy sleep. We can also shift the start of workdays to be an hour or two later. These changes might be big, but they will create better rested, more productive and healthy employees.
13．Why does the author mention his sleep situation in paragraph 1 ?
A．To define what healthy sleep is.
B．To show the influence of noise pollution.
C．To explain the common case of lack of sleep.
D．To compare different people’s sleeping habits.
14．Which is the characteristic of people’s natural clock?
A．It drives people to rise a little earlier.
B．It is different from person to person.
C．It goes against most peopled daily habits.
D．It influences many people’s sleep quality.
15．What does the author think of the action of one town in Germany?
A．It is worth following. B．It is taken for granted.
C．It puts pressure on people. D．It is hard to put into practice.
16．What does the author mainly suggest in the last paragraph?
A．Adjusting work schedules.
B．Improving sleeping conditions.
C．Providing more work opportunities.
D．Paying more attention to productivity.

（2023秋·吉林白城·高二统考期末）A Journey to Costa Rica
Costa Rican culture and its natural environment are deeply connected. Travel through the country from the Central Valley to the Pacific coast and everywhere in between. Experience first-hand Costa Rica’s lifestyle and you’ll soon see why Costa Rica is the happiest country in the world!
Program at a Glance
Dates 8. Price: August 5~9: $750 each person
Ages: 14 ~18
Group Size: 4 ~10 participants
Level of Spanish: A basic level is recommended
Details
Start with a walking tour of San Jose and visit its top places of interest: the National Theater, Gold Museum. Central Park and Central Market.
Stay with a homestay family in Heredia for a close experience into the Costa Rican lifestyle.
Learn about the beautifully painted oxcarts(牛车)in Sarchi,the heart of the country’s artisan culture. Participate in a painting workshop.enjoy a typical lunch and visit gardens
Experience a coffee tour in the highland community of Naranjo.
Travel to Guatuso to learn about the native peoples and their traditional ways
Visit Abangares and its gold mines.
End in Heredia with a farewell dinner and a cooking class.
17．Who is the most suitable to take part in the program?
A．12-year-old Jack who speaks Spanish well.
B．15-year old Joan who only knows English.
C．17-year old Jane who speaks a little Spanish.
D．19-year old Mike who was born in Spain.
18．Where will travelers stay with local families?
A．In Heredia. B．In Sarchi. C．In Naranjo. D．In Abangares.
19．What can travelers do during the program?
A．Buy oxcarts. B．Visit gold mines.
C．Enjoy a coffee tour in Guatuso. D．Spend nights in San Jose.

（2023春·山东青岛·高二统考期末）For years, doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive. These transfusions usually include giving red blood cells to patients.
Blood transfusions aren’t as simple as taking blood from one person and giving it to someone else. There’re several different blood types that don’t all mix well. If someone gets a transfusion of the wrong kind of blood, their body will reject the blood cells, causing problems. For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells (干细胞) from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.
This could be even better than a regular blood transfusion. For one thing, they can be adjusted for people with different blood types. That’ll be extremely helpful for people with rare blood types. Also, a normal transfusion has red blood cells of all different ages, which means only a small part of them are brand new. The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new, and this means they last longer and that patients will need fewer transfusions.
To test its safety, researchers have given a couple of teaspoons of the blood to two healthy people, both of whom seem to be doing just fine after the transfusions. In all, they’ll be tested on 10 people, and compared to normal transfusions. The new process doesn’t indicate that normal blood transfusions will disappear. Meanwhile, growing red blood cells in a lab is extremely expensive. And a lot of work and testing still need to be done. But if it’s successful, the process could make life much easier for patients who often need transfusions—even those with rare blood types.
20．Why are the scientists carrying out the research?
A．The blood reserve is not adequate.
B．Normal blood transfusions are out of date.
C．More and more people need blood transfusions.
D．They want to find a new trail of blood transfusions.
21．What’s the advantages of the brand new red blood cells grown in the lab?
A．They suit the patients of all different ages.
B．They have red blood cells from different races.
C．They are effective to the patients for a longer term.
D．It is extremely economical and makes life much easier.
22．Which of the following statements is true?
A．The research still has a long way to go.
B．Normal blood transfusions will disappear soon.
C．Ten people have received the lab-grown brand new blood.
D．The brand new blood isn’t fit for those with rare blood types.
23．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The test of lab-grown blood. B．Comparison of two blood transfusions.
C．An appeal for rare blood donation. D．The expense of blood transfusions.

（2022春·广东广州·高二广州市第二中学校考期末）Conventional wisdom may tell you that a master’s degree from Harvard Business School in the US is the key to a Fortune 500 job, while the same degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, the US, means a possible career on Wall Street.
It seems that the graduate school you go to somewhat decides your future. A recent New York Times article reveals the correlation between MBA (Master of Business Administration) graduates at certain US schools and career prospects.
To work at Amazon
Ross School of Business (University of Michigan)
Amazon regularly hires more MBAs from top 10 business schools than big Wall Street firms.And a large chunk of American employees are from Ross. Graduate Peter Faricy, vice president of Amazon Marketplace, says the reason behind this is that Ross’ curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solving course for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon.
To work at McKinsey&Company
Kellogg School of Management (Northwestern University)
For an MBA, landing a job at McKinsey is like trying to get into a competitive business school over again. However, Kellogg graduates perform well in the fiercest competition. The school’s MBAs are in demand at elite consulting firms, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard (23 percent) and Stanford (16 percent).
To work at Apple
Fuqua School of Business (Duke University)
Silicon Valley hasn’t always welcomed MBAs. However, two of Apple’s top 10 executives come from Fuqua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the past five years, and provided 42 internships for Duke students.
To start your own company
Harvard Business School
The extensive resources Harvard has devoted to its entrepreneurial offerings in recent years are starting to show real results. By many accounts, it has surpassed Stanford as the top entrepreneurial hot-bed in the US.
24．Which university offers students a course on various approaches to difficulties at work?
A．Harvard Business School B．Ross School of Business
C．Fuqua School of Business D．Kellogg School of Management
25．According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A．Consulting companies favor MBA students from Kellogg.
B．To work at Apple, MBA graduates have an advantage.
C．Stanford produces the greatest number of business leaders.
D．Wall Street employs more MBAs from top 10 than Amazon.
26．If you want to work in the area of hi-tech electronic products, you may choose to study in_______.
A．Ross School of Business B．Harvard Business School
C．Kellogg School of Management D．Fuqua School of Business

（2023秋·浙江金华·高二校联考期末）On May 21, 2022, Tom Turcich of New Jersey became the 10th person to walk around the world. Over seven years, he walked 48,000 kilometers across six continents and 38 countries - most of it with his dog Savannah.
Speaking to CNN, Turcich explained that, after a friend died in an accident at age 17 he started to look at life differently, and decided to go on a journey around the world. It took over eight years of saving and planning before Turcich finally left his home on April 2, 2015 - just before his 26th birthday - on his way to Panama. He had a stroller to carry his hiking equipment, a sleeping bag, a laptop, a camera and a box of food.
About four months into the journey, Turcich adopted Savannah from, an animal shelter in Texas. She joined him for the rest of the trip, becoming the first dog to walk around the world. The pair walked around 30-40 kilometers a day, spending most nights camping. Some parts could not be done on foot, however - such as when lurcich and Savannah took a boat from Uruguay to Antarctica. In late 2017, Turcich had to return home to recover from an illness he got while traveling through Ireland and the UK.
He and Savannah started walking again in May 2018, going through Europe, North Africa and Turkey before getting stuck in Azerbaijan for six months because of the COVID-19 pandemic. They were able to travel to Kyrgyzstan before taking a plane to Seattle. From there, he and Savannah walked back to New Jersey.
Turcich said the most difficult place to walk through was “desolate“ Wyoming. Now that he’s back home, Turcich says he wants to stay in one place for a while - and write a book about his trip.
27．What led to Turcich’s decision to walk around the world?
A．His thoughtful plan before a birthday.
B．His different attitude towards travelling.
C．The death of his friend at an early age.
D．The adoption of Savannah from a shelter.
28．What can we know about the Turcich and Savannah according to the text?
A．They spent most of nights in hotels during the trip.
B．Their journey has been recorded in Turcich’s book.
C．Their trip was once interrupted due to Turcich’s illness.
D．The most challenging place for them to walk through was Azerbaijan.
29．What kind of person is Turcich according to the text?
A．Creative and curious.
B．Brave and determined.
C．Caring and intelligent.
D．Humorous and cautious.
30．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To persuade people to travel with a reliable animal.
B．To motivate young people to take a worldwide walking trip.
C．To emphasize the importance of an unforgettable travel experience.
D．To share a story about a man and a dog’s walking around the world.

（2023秋·内蒙古赤峰·高二统考期末）From checking social media every minute to being lost in computer games, we tend to overuse technology. ”For many people, a moment without your phone or laptop in sight can feel like a lifetime,“ the Daily Mail commented.
A computer model called Mindy may persuade many people to think twice. A team from the US-based company Toll Free Forwarding built a three-dimensional(三维的)model to uncover the negative effects technology can have on human bodies in less than 800 years.
”Spending hours looking down at your phone strains your neck and throws your spine off balance,“ explained Caleb Backe, a health and wellness expert in the US. Then, the muscles in our neck need to spend extra effort to support the head, making our back hunched(驼背的)and neckwide.
”The way we hold our phones can cause strain in certain points of contact-causing text claw(手机手),“ Nikola Djordjevic, a practicing physician in Serbia, told the team. It affects the elbows too, causing pain in the arm. Scientifically, it is called cubital tunnel syndrome. That’s why Mindy has a 90-degree elbow, and her hands look like she’s always holding a mobile phone.
Some people also commented that human evolution may not work this way. They believe that only features with actual benefits would be kept throughout the years. For example, features that can increase the rate of survival instead of the negative impact of technology.
However, current human lifestyles still raise concerns. A model called Emma was built by researchers in the UK in 2019 to show how the way people work at their desks could change them in 20 years. The research team built Emma based on the health issues mentioned by over 3,000 workers in France, Germany and the UK. Emma’s back stays bent and her legs are swollen due to the time people spend in front of computers. With little time spent outdoors and in the sun, her skin is pale, too.
31．What is the purpose of building the model Mindy?
A．To test how our backs become hunched.
B．To help people avoid overusing phones.
C．To explore how technology can affect human bodies.
D．To study people’s unhealthy habit of using phones.
32．What does the model Mindy look like, according to the text?
A．She has dark skin. B．She has a thin neck.
C．She has beautiful hands. D．She has a strange elbow.
33．What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A．A further example of the technological impact.
B．A different opinion on how people will evolve.
C．Different comments on Mindy’s appearance.
D．The connection between evolution and technology.
34．Why does the author mention another model Emma?
A．To compare the two models.
B．To promote healthy lifestyles.
C．To point out typical health issues.
D．To show people’s worries about current lifestyles.

（2023秋·福建泉州·高二统考期末）Aerospace engineers are working on air vehicles-that will be used to drop packages on your doorsteps, transport people and goods over shorter distances and could even give people the ability to call air taxis-to fundamentally change how we see the sky.
What helps the engineers get ready for the change? Batteries keep getting smaller. Materials to build the air vehicles are lighter than ever, Software is more sophisticated. A modern cockpit(驾驶舱)from 20 years ago can’t do half as much as the phone in your pocket. These modernizations have enabled a greater focus on electric technology in flying over the past 15 years. It’s changed the way they fly.
Maybe soon you will be walking down the street to a vertiport, where you’ll catch an air taxi. We’re likely to see one with a pilot, carrying boxes from one place to another. Then it will start flying with passengers and become pilotless. As the new plane becomes more common, the result could be something as simple as cutting down travel time within urban and suburban areas, making it slightly easier to get to the airport or from the suburbs to downtown. But the planes could also help get rid of “transportation deserts,” making it easier for a doctor to reach a patient in a rural area who has limited access to a hospital.
However, there are still a lot of outstanding questions. There are safety measures and requirements that need to be developed. There is pilot training and workforce development. There’s the cost. There’s figuring out who would use this type of transportation. There are still more advances in technology that need to happen if you want them to go farther than 150 miles and to be unmanned. But, according to Hackenberg of NASA, “About the future, it’s not an if; it’s a when.”
35．What does the underlined word “sophisticated” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Fashionable. B．Advanced. C．Conventional. D．Flexible.
36．Why is “transportation deserts’” mentioned in paragraph 3?
A．To present a fact. B．To explain a principle.
C．To highlight an advantage. D．To make a prediction.
37．What does Hackenberg think of the practice?
A．Promising. B．Challenging. C．Simple. D．Creative.
38．What is the best title for the text?
A．Air Taxis: Say “No” to Traffic Jam
B．Air Taxis: Private Flight for Business
C．Ready for Air Taxis?
D．How do Air Taxis Work?

（2023秋·辽宁锦州·高二统考期末）Anniversary trips were a tradition that was nearly as old as our marriage. Each year, Jim and I took turns planning a secret trip for the other. I finally found a perfect spot: The Shire of Montana. It was a “hobbit house”. And our six-year-old daughter, Aurora, would also love it.
I was about to make a reservation when I saw a note on The Shire’s website: No kids allowed. We couldn’t leave Aurora behind. I asked if an exception might be possible. A reply came. “The rule exists because previous children destroyed large parts of the Elven Village,” wrote Mr. Michaels, the owner. “But if you promise that your daughter is responsible and will not touch anything, she can come.” Aurora was a well-behaved girl. I wrote back and filled in the reservation form.
The day finally arrived. I was excited very much. Still, turning onto Hobbit Lane, I felt anxious. “Children aren’t usually allowed here,” I reminded Aurora. “So you have to be very careful. You can look at everything, but don’t touch it.”
Then we began our journey. Aurora took everything in, keeping her hands pressed to her sides. “Remember, no touching,” I reminded Aurora, feeling like a complainer. Had I made Aurora so scared of touching things that she couldn’t think about anything else? What fun was that?
We spent several days at the Shire. I finally found that Aurora delighted in each discovery but never disturbed a thing. Being aware of boundaries didn’t take away the beauty and wonder; it allowed the Shire to remain beautiful. It was not so different from our family life, I thought. Jim and I moved through life side by side as a couple, but we’d learned to accept each other’s individuality and boundaries as well.
39．What can we know from the second paragraph?
A．The visitors to The Shire of Montana all performed properly.
B．The author was dissatisfied with the reservation rules.
C．The process of arranging the trip was a bit difficult.
D．The Shire’s website failed to give useful information.
40．What caused the author’s anxiety at the beginning of their trip?
A．Her fear of getting lost. B．Her concern for their safety.
C．Her worry about her family’s feelings. D．Her uncertainty about Aurora’s feelings.
41．How did the author probably find her act of reminding Aurora?
A．It helped Aurora win praise from others.
B．It kept Aurora away from possible dangers.
C．It might prevent Aurora from fully enjoying herself.
D．It could let Aurora realize the value of cultural treasures.
42．What is important in family life according to the author?
A．Taking responsibility for our own choices.
B．Respecting both personal needs and boundaries.
C．Learning how to find beauty in small things.
D．Trying to meet every family member’s expectations.

（2023秋·山东青岛·高二青岛二中校考期末）No business would welcome being compared to gambling (赌博)Yet that is what is happening to makers of video games. For years parents have complained that their children are “addicted” to their video games and smartphones. Today, however, even more doctors are using the term. On January I this year, “gaming disorder”—in which games are played uncontrollably, despite causing harm—gained recognition from the World Health Organization (WHO).
Are games really addictive? Psychologists have different opinions. Those who don’t think so say that this is just another moral panic. Similar warnings have been given about television, rock’n’roll, jazz, comic books, novels and even crossword puzzles, but it turns out that they are not as harmful as expected.
However, supporters argue that game developers have the motivation and the means to design their products to make them extremely attractive. For one thing. the business-model has changed. In the old days, games were bought once and for all. But these days, games are free and money is earned from purchases of in-game goods, which ties playtime directly to revenue (收益). For another, game-makers combine psychological theory and data, which helps them maximize the playtime. Smartphones and modern video game machines use their permanent Internet connections to send gameplay data back to developers. In this way products are constantly adjusted to encourage players’ spending. The biggest spenders are known as “whales”, a term that originated in casinos(赌场).
The gaming industry should realize that, in the real world, it has a problem, and that problem is growing Now that gaming addiction comes with an official WHO recognition, diagnoses will become more common. Anyway, being put together with gambling in the public mind, fairly or not, will not do the industry any good.
43．What do we know from Paragraph 1?
A．It is not suitable to compare video games to gambling
B．Parents complain about their children’s addiction to gambling
C．More doctors are against the use of the term “addicted”.
D．Gaming addiction was officially recognized as a disease.
44．What does the underlined words “moral panic” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Wrong judgment on how harmful something is.
B．Trouble caused by someone’s immoral behavior.
C．Unexpected social progress caused by science and technology.
D．Panic due to the gap between the old and the young
45．What do games developers do to make games attractive?
A．They don’t charge players for in-game goods.
B．They adjust products based on received data.
C．They keep players’ video game machines updated.
D．They reward big spenders with a unique title.
46．In the last paragraph, the author aims to _________.
A．offer a suggestion B．make a prediction
C．give a warning D．put forward a solution

（2023秋·辽宁抚顺·高二抚顺市第十二中学校考期末）Mosquito bites are unavoidable in summer—or is that so? Scientists recently found that mosquitoes are more attracted to some colors than others, which could possibly prove useful to those trying to avoid the annoying bites.
The study found that after a common type of mosquitoes smelled CO2 the gas humans breathe out—they decided to land on some colored dots (色点) but ignored others.
“Imagine you’re on a sidewalk and you smell toasty,” the lead researcher said in a press release announcing the study’s findings. “That’s probably a sign that there’s a bakery nearby and you might start looking around for it. Here, we started to learn what visual elements that mosquitoes are looking for after smelling their own version of a bakery.”
The research team put different colored dots at the bottom of a box and sprayed (喷洒) them with CO2. They found that mosquitoes were drawn most to red, orange and black. They also found that mosquitoes ignored green, blue and white. When a researcher reached his hand into the box wearing a green glove, mosquitoes ignored it, even when it was sprayed with CO2.
Unfortunately, avoiding mosquitoes isn’t as easy as choosing the right color of clothes. Human skin delivers a vivid red-orange “signal” to mosquitoes, the researchers said, making it hard to hide completely
“We previously discovered there are three major hints that attract mosquitoes: your breath, your sweat and the temperature of your skin,” the lead researcher said. “Now we have found a fourth hint: the color red, which can not only be found on your clothes, but is also found in everyone’s skin. The shade of your skin doesn’t matter. We are all giving off a strong red feature.”
While the research found that the mosquitoes appeared to prefer certain colors, it did not measure whether wearing colors like green or blue would help keep away from the mosquitoes. The researchers hope that their findings can help find other methods to drive back the biting insects.
47．Why did the researchers spray the dots with CO2?
A．It drives mosquitoes away.
B．It is attractive to mosquitoes.
C．It prevents mosquitoes finding targets.
D．It’s a practical material to catch mosquitoes.
48．Which of the following colors causes the least attention from mosquitoes?
A．Red. B．Black C．Orange. D．Blue.
49．What does paragraph 6 focus on?
A．The features of human skin.
B．Factors that attract mosquitoes.
C．What elements mosquitoes ignore.
D．How to choose the color of clothes.
50．What may be the hopeful result of the study?
A．Mosquitoes will disappear someday.
B．Most people will wear colorful clothes.
C．The survival rate of mosquitoes will be affected.
D．More ways will be found to keep mosquitoes off.

（2023秋·山东滨州·高二统考期末）Coral creates reefs, structures in the ocean that support entire ecosystems. However, climate change is threatening the existence of such reefs. The Great Barrier Reef has suffered four bleaching events in the last seven years.
Coral bleaching happens when extreme temperatures and sunlight force corals to release algae living in their tissue. This causes them to lose their color and turn white. The experience greatly weakens the coral and can kill them.
Scientists working on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef have successfully tested a new method for freezing and storing coral larvae — the very young form of the small ocean animal.
The science project in Australia involves freezing and storing coral larvae to use later for rewilding. A new material called “cryomesh” is helping the scientists in the effort. Coral is frozen using a special method called cryogenics. This permits the young animals to be stored until they can be unfrozen and placed in the wild. The process currently requires high-tech equipment including lasers and is costly. But, the team in Australia says cryomesh can do a better job of saving the coral and for much less money. The mesh technology helps to store coral larvae at-196 degrees Celsius.
The scientists used the cryomesh to freeze Great Barrier Reef coral larvae at the Australian Institute of Marine Sciences, or AIMS. Workers collected the coral during the animal’s brief yearly reproductive period.
Mary Hagedorn, Senior Research Scientist at Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute explained, “If we can secure the biodiversity of coral...then we’ll have tools for the future to really help restore the reefs.” She added, “...this technology for coral reefs in the future is a real game-changer.”
The cryomesh had been tested earlier on smaller and larger kinds of Hawaian corals. A test on the larger failed. Tests are continuing with larger-size Great Barrier Reef coral. The tests involve scientists from four organizations. Together they are part of the Reef Restoration and Adaptation Program.
51．What’s the passage mainly about?
A．A comparison of two experiments. B．A new method for restoring coral reefs.
C．The Great Barrier Reef under great threat. D．Scientists’ joint efforts to support the ecosystem.
52．What’s the advantage of cyomesh over cryogenics?
A．It is easier to store. B．It is less expensive.
C．It freezes larvae faster. D．It is environmentally friendly.
53．What’s Mary Hagedorn’s point in paragraph 6?
A．People can do more about the biodiversity of corals.
B．The scientists barely have tools to help the reefs restore.
C．The cryomesh technology has changed the corals’ situation.
D．The mesh technology will play a vital role in restoring the reefs.
54．What can we infer about the cryomesh technology?
A．Tests on larger corals are more important.
B．It is going to be applied widely to more corals.
C．Only scientists of AIMS are involved in the tests.
D．More experiments are needed to prove its efficiency.

（2023秋·山东滨州·高二统考期末）Why did I choose Uzbekistan for my first post-pandemic holiday abroad? Perhaps, in my mind, I had romantic images of the ancient Silk Road and the great cities along its route, especially Samarkand. Maybe I even entertained unlikely hopes of bumping into Joanna Lumley. Probably, I simply wanted to see a part of the world that was completely unknown to me. I was not to be disappointed.
On my first day in the capital Tashkent, my wallet bulging with money, I headed for the nearest metro station. With the help of a student keen to practice her English, I reached the Chorsu Bazaar, and was impressed during my journey to see Uzbek youngsters cheerfully give up their seats to elderly passengers. Located in and around several large domes, the bazaar provided an exciting start to my holiday, the colorful national dress of the local women further enlivening the scene. The stallholders offered a vast range of goods, including meat, fruit, vegetable and car parts for locals and souvenirs, such as ceramics and textiles, for tourists.
The rest of my time in Uzbekistan was a cavalcade of sights and experiences, as I visited Khiva, Bukhara and Samarkand. Each has its architectural masterpieces — mosques, minarets and madrassas — but, for me, the most impressive was probably the world-famous Registan Square in Samarkand. With magnificent madrassas on three sides, it is splendid by day and magical when illuminated by night.
Each journey was varied and interesting: dry desert contrasted with fertile areas where crops thrived. The weather, however, it was the first half of October didn’t vary: it was sunny and warm every day and chilly at night. For all but vegetarians, the food was another highlight of the holiday. Tapioca pudding at breakfast came as a surprise but the home-produced fresh fruit and vegetables were delicious.
Ten days in Uzbekistan passed too quickly but I will always remember my first visit to this fascinating, friendly country.
55．Why did the author make the journey to Uzbekistan?
A．He once had romantic experiences there.
B．He was fascinated by its mysterious history.
C．He made an appointment with Joanna Lumley.
D．He was driven by his curiosity about the unknown.
56．What does the underlined word “enlivening” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Distracting. B．Restricting. C．Activating. D．Multiplying.
57．What can we learn about Uzbekistan?
A．The food there is appealing to most of people.
B．Bukhara is the most attractive sight to the author.
C．Crops are hard to grow because of the variable weather.
D．This is the second time for the author to visit Uzbekistan.
58．What’s the purpose of the text?
A．To share a travelling experience. B．To show the benefits of travelling.
C．To introduce the ancient Silk Road. D．To advise readers to visit Uzbekistan.

（2023秋·山东滨州·高二统考期末）A national park is an area of scenic beauty, historical importance, etc. owned and maintained by a national government. Here are some with the most breathtaking scenery and delicate ecosystems.
Acadia National Park
America has the largest system of national parks in the world—58 national parks are scattered all over the vast land with varied landscape. Almost completely surrounded by the sea, Acadia National Park is characterized by numerous valleys, lakes and peaks, and a wave-eroded coastline. A variety of land and sea life, both plants and animals are well protected in Acadia.
Etosha National Park
One of the top 10 African national parks is Etosha National Park in northwestern Namibia. The park is home to hundreds of species of mammals, birds and reptiles. including several threatened and endangered species such as the black rhinoceros. The Etosha Ecological Institute is responsible for research in the park. Classification of vegetation and ecological studies on wildebeest, elephants and lions were among the first ajor topics to be investigated.
Ort-Cros National Park
Ort-Cros National Park is a national park established on the Mediterranean island of Ort-Cros. It also administers natural areas in some surrounding locales. Established in 1963, Ort-Cros National Park is the first national park in Europe that unites land and marine protection zones. The protected area is about 1,700 hectares of land and 2,900 hectares of sea.
Shen Nongjia National Park
Shen Nongiia National Park is situated in the northwest of Hubei province. It is most famous for the subtropical rainforest ecosystem. The sphagnum (泥炭藓) wetland, known as “the earth’s kidney”, has a rich collection of orictocoenosis (生物化石) and serves as a shelter of a great variety of rare species, which is named “a green wonder at 31 degrees north latitude”.
59．Which national park will interest an African wildlife fan?
A．Acadia National Park. B．Etosha National Park.
C．Ort-Cros National Park. D．Shen Nongjia National Park.
60．What do Acadia National Park and Ort-Cros National Park have in common?
A．There is an ecological institute for research.
B．They feature a subtropical rainforest ecosystem.
C．Sea life, as well as land life, are protected there.
D．They are the largest national parks in the country.
61．Where is the passage most probably from?
A．A biology textbook. B．A geography magazine.
C．A research paper. D．A travel brochure.

（2023秋·辽宁锦州·高二统考期末）Art is a powerful tool for telling a scientific story. Many scientific fields deal with the strangest of the animal kingdom — like creatures with a handful of eyes and bodies so different from our own. Art can help us experience these hard-to-imagine parts of the natural world and shed light on new scientific discoveries.
Alia Payne, an interactive arts professor came to the National Museum of Natural History to work with the live jellyfish collections. She always got the same question from visitors, “How do jellyfish stings work?” She had the scientific answer for them but found it difficult to explain without a clear visual. That’s when a lightbulb went off in Payne’s mind. She built a 3D model of one of the stinging cells that visitors could touch and interact with. “I’ve always loved art for education,” said Payne. “We learn more easily when we have something to play and interact with.”
While art helps society experience, it also helps scientists understand the natural world. Dr. Karen Osborn, a zoologist at the museum, specializes in the striking creatures of the ocean’s largest habitat—the midwater. Midwater creatures are equipped with all sorts of unique features to get them through life in their extreme habitat, and Osborn’s research helps us understand how these animals came to be. “So I started learning photography,” Osborn explained. “It was really important because these animals don’t look so great when they’re preserved in a jar in the museum’s collections.”
Artistic creativity provides an opportunity to show off the bright colors, attractive body plans and cool adaptations of these creatures to the museum’s scientists, visitors and the world. In turn, art connects scientists to their own creativity and aids in their scientific process and the communication of their discoveries. By weaving together science with imagination and storytelling, art helps highlight the beauty of the ocean’s creatures even those fit for horror movies — and connects people to their innate curiosity for the strangeness of the animal kingdom.
62．What can we know about art according to Paragraph 1?
A．It is a powerful tool with a scientific story.
B．It can help us get close to the natural world.
C．It can provide a new view for exploring science.
D．It has different eyes and bodies to experience nature.
63．What is Payne’s purpose of building a 3D model?
A．To show off. B．To get a job.
C．To persuade visitors to buy jellyfish. D．To explain science in a simple way.
64．Why does Osborn start learning photography?
A．Because he is full of imagination.
B．Because he wants to improve his work.
C．Because he is attracted by the natural world.
D．Because he wants to help scientists understand nature.
65．How does art affect scientists?
A．It promotes their creativity. B．It focuses on the scientific process.
C．It helps scientists experience society. D．It provides an opportunity for the scientists.

（2023秋·江苏南京·高二南京市中华中学校考期末）When it comes to team assembly, people who are both trustworthy and competent are the most sought after. However, those who are friendly and trustworthy are more likely to be selected than those who are known for just their skill competence and personal reputation, according to a new research from Binghamton University.
“We assume that people are selected due to their knowledge, skills and abilities. However, this research suggests that people may often get picked because team members feel comfortable with them,” said Cynthia Maupin, assistant professor in Binghamton University’s School of Management. “People may be willing to sacrifice a bit in terms of performance in order to have a really positive team experience.“
Maupin and her colleagues focused on a group of MBA students to conduct their study. Students were randomly assigned to different teams to carry out class projects. Toward the end of the semester, they were asked to form their own teams and evaluate why they selected each member.
“To find out how the students signaled to others that they might be someone who would be good to team up with in the future, we studied their use of either challenging or supportive voice,” Maupin said.
● Challenging voice: Communicating in a way that challenges the present situation and is focused on new ideas and efficiency.
● Supportive voice: Communicating in a way that strengthens social ties and trust.
The researchers found that students who exhibited both voices were the most in-demand people when it came to assembling teams. However, students who only used supportive voice to exhibit their friendliness and trustworthiness were more sought after than those who only signaled their competence through the use of challenging voice.
Maupin said the findings have major implications for the workplace. “People should realize the way they speak up can have a strong effect on informal teaming up at a later point and that supportive voice helps establish harmonious relationships and a sense of trust amongst individuals.”
66．Who are preferred as team members?
A．Those with good personal reputation.
B．Those with skill competence.
C．Those willing to make sacrifices.
D．Those easy to get along with.
67．What does the underlined word “signaled” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Replied. B．Promised. C．Displayed. D．Posed.
68．What does Maupin think of the findings?
A．They make people more supportive.
B．They make sense for better team assembly.
C．They help improve work competence.
D．They have strong effects on formal teaming up.
69．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．The Secret of Communication
B．The Importance of Competence
C．Challenging Voice or Supportive Voice
D．Competent Teammates or Friendly Teammates

（2023秋·湖南岳阳·高二统考期末）Mass media are tools of communication. They allow us to record and pass information rapidly to a large, scattered audience. They extend our ability to each other by helping us overcome limits caused by time and space. Mass media can be divided into two groups: print media and electronic media. By print media, we mean books, newspapers and magazines. Electronic media include television, radio and movie.
There are a number of ways in which mass media make daily life easier for us. First, they inform and help us keep a watch on our world. They gather and pass on information we would be unlikely or unable to gain on our own.
Second, mass media help us to arrange our time and life. What we talk about and what we think about are greatly influenced by the media. When people get together, they tend to talk about certain happenings on the newspapers or on TV. Because we are provided with differing points of view through different kinds of media every day, we are able to comment on all sides of a certain issue.
Third, mass media help us to connect with various groups in society. Through mass media, we are able to keep in contact with politicians in the world; with famous actors and actresses, and with our beloved singers.
Fourth, the media help to socialize us. We learn about the preferred behavior and values from the people we meet as well as from the media. Through portrayals of people, the media tell us what proper behaviors are. By doing so, they teach us standards of behavior and values, and help us in our daily life.
Fifth, the media are used to persuade people. A good example is advertisements through the media. Newspapers, magazines and TV are filled with all kinds of colorful, persuasive advertisements. Though many advertisements may not say openly that they want you to buy a certain product, they describe their products in such a way that you may want to but them.
Sixth, the media entertain. All of the media make some effort trying to entertain their audience. For example, even though the newspaper is a main medium of information, it also contains entertainment features. Many newspapers offer their readers at least some of the following: comics, fiction books and puzzle games, televisions and magazines are devoted mainly to entertainment. It is guessed that in the future, the entertainment function of mass media will become even more important than it is now.
70．The underlined word “portrayal” in paragraph 5 means ______.
A．photograph B．words
C．clothes D．description
71．According to the passage, which of the following statements isn’t true about mass media?
A．Mass media have an effect on our speech and thoughts.
B．Mass media keep us informed and connected.
C．Mass media persuade us into buying what we don’t need at all.
D．Mass media help us spend time with others in a friendly way.
72．Which of the following isn’t included about mass media in the passage?
A．entertainment B．sports
C．famous people D．advertisements
73．______ is an old form of mass media now.
A．Radio B．Computer
C．Mobile phone D．Television

（2023秋·陕西商洛·高二统考期末）Tiny sensors inspired by dandelion (蒲公英) seeds could be spread to the winds to help track of climate change and global warming.
As the climate crisis continues to strengthen, tracking changes in temperature and other environmental signals across a wide area is useful. But doing effectively requires distributing sensors throughout the environment, which can be time-consuming.
“We wondered whether it’s possible to build a system that can spread sensors in the wind, rather than having a person go out and place sensors alone, which can be dangerous in hard-to-reach places,” says Vikram Iyer at the University of Washington in Seattle.
Iyer and his colleagues used a laser-powered tool to make devices. Each one weighs 30 milligrams with a diameter of 28 millimeters, and has a number of small holes through which air can float in the air like dandelion seeds.
The devices carry tiny sensors, essentially a microcomputer powered by small solar panels that can send back signals to the researchers, who developed different types that can measure temperature，pressure，light and so on. A small capacitor (电容器) can store energy overnight or in cloudy conditions.
In all, the team tested 75 different designs before finding the right mix of variables. The final design can move through the air at 0.87 metres per second, travelling up to 100 metres in a mild wind when released from a drone (无人机). Real-world tests showed that the sensors can transfer data up to 60 metres.
“The production of the ‘seeds’ is especially interesting, so is the design of the electronic devices,” says Jonathan Aitken at the University of Sheffield, UK. “Both seem to be very strong to the natural environment.”
Aitken is also impressed by the range of the sensors’ communication abilities. “Plus the cheapness of the device, it means that it can be placed in large numbers, and the communication range makes this an excellent choice, especially within agriculture or disaster area monitoring,’’ he says.
74．What can we learn about the sensors like dandelion seeds?
A．They are quite expensive to make.
B．They are efficient in space and time.
C．They can be carried by dandelion seeds.
D．They can change the temperature.
75．What provides the energy for microcomputer on the sensors?
A．The sun. B．Strong wind.
C．A smalI capacitor. D．A drone.
76．What can be inferred from paragraph 6?
A．The seed-like sensors can rise up from the ground without any help.
B．The seed-like sensors can only travel in a mild wind.
C．The scientists have tried many other designs before the seed-like sensors.
D．The seed-like sensors travel much slower than its common competitors.
77．What does Aitken think of the sensors?
A．Costly. B．Risky.
C．Complicated. D．Promising.


1．A    2．C    3．D    4．B
【导语】本文是篇新闻报道。讲述了49岁的尼尔森在登上世界第八高的马纳斯卢山滑雪，因为雪崩而逝世，本文主要介绍了她的探险经历和成就。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“On Monday, American ski mountaineer Hilaree Nelson and her partner Jim Morrison reached the summit of 26,781-foot Manaslu, the eighth-highest mountain in the world. Soon after the 49-year-old Nelson began her descent on skis，she triggered small avalanche and was swept away. On Wednesday, Morrison found her body.(周一，美国滑雪登山运动员希拉莉·尼尔森和她的搭档吉姆·莫里森登上了世界第八高的马纳斯卢山，海拔26781英尺。49岁的尼尔森开始滑雪后不久，就引发了小型雪崩，被卷走了。周三，莫里森发现了她的尸体)”可知，希拉莉·尼尔森因为雪崩而失去了生命。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Nelson, a National Geographic Explorer, had a distinctive sense of travel that led her through more than 40 expeditions to 16 countries. In 2012, six years later, Nelson returned to Lhotse to become the first to ski from its summit.(尼尔森是《国家地理》杂志的探险家，她有一种独特的旅行意识，指引她前往16个国家进行了40多次探险。六年后的2012年，纳尔逊回到Lhotse，成为第一个从山顶滑雪的人)”可知，尼尔森在2012年回到Lhotse是为了挑战自己从山顶滑雪。故选C项。
3．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“She was deeply respected for both her extensive big-mountain experience, and her mindful approach to life's challenges. In 2018, Nelson was named captain of the North Face Athlete Team, a title only one other athlete has held. A National Geographic Society grantee, she was also one of the winners of the 2018 National Geographic Adventurer of the Year award. Despite her many super-hero accomplishments, friends recall her as a thoughtful presence and quiet leader, someone who never sought the limelight.(她因其丰富的登山经验和对生活挑战的谨慎态度而深受尊敬。2018年，尼尔森被任命为诺斯菲斯运动队队长，这是唯一一名运动员获得过的头衔。作为国家地理学会的受奖人，她也是2018年国家地理年度冒险家奖的获奖者之一。尽管她取得了许多超级英雄般的成就，但朋友们回忆起她是一个深思熟虑的存在和安静的领导者，一个从不追求风头的人)”可知，本段主要讲述了希拉莉·尼尔森曾经取得的伟大成就。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Throughout her career, Nelson struggled at times with the expectations and limitations of being a woman, a mother, and a professional adventurer---and becoming a role model for younger generations of female athletes in the process. “Nelson paved the way for women in the adventure sports space with her refusal to choose between motherhood and her athletic career," says Emily Harrington, a climber who joined her on the Hkakabo Razi expedition. “ She followed her passion as well as raising her family with a mix of courage and grace in a way only a true leader could.”(在她的职业生涯中，Nelson有时会与作为一名女性、母亲和职业冒险家的期望和局限作斗争，并在这个过程中成为年轻一代女运动员的榜样。“纳尔逊拒绝在母亲和运动生涯之间做出选择，为冒险运动领域的女性铺平了道路，”与她一起参加Hkakabo Razi探险队的登山者艾米丽·哈林顿说)”可推知，作为一个女性和母亲，和她的冒险家职业是相冲突的，但是尼尔森克服了困难，所以是投入的，并且纳尔逊拒绝在母亲和运动生涯之间做出选择，说明她热爱冒险运动，所以是有冒险精神的。故选B项。
5．B    6．C    7．D    8．D

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍的是在第15届联合国气候变化大会上，不同国家的代表们同意通过一项具有里程碑意义的计划，到2030年遏制和扭转生物多样性丧失。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“After two weeks of intense debate at COP15, delegates agreed on Dec 19 to adopt a landmark plan to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030.(在第15届联合国气候变化大会上，经过两周的激烈辩论，代表们于12月19日同意通过一项具有里程碑意义的计划，到2030年遏制和扭转生物多样性丧失。)”可知，来自世界各地的代表齐聚《联合国生物多样性公约》第15次缔约方大会的目的是截止到2030年，遏制和扭转生物多样性丧失。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中“To realize these objectives can be very challenging. At COP10 in Nagoya, Japan in 2010, the parties agreed on the 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets (爱知生物多样性目标). But, as of now, none of the 20 objectives has been fully realized. (实现这些目标是非常具有挑战性的。2010年在日本名古屋举行的COP10会议上，各方商定了20个爱知生物多样性目标。但是，到目前为止，这20个目标没有一个完全实现。)”可知，COP10列举了20个目标，结果这20个目标没有一个完全实现，由此通过列举COP10是为了表明COP 15所列举的目标很难实现。故选C。
7．词义猜测题。根据后文“Yet, as recent talks have shown, an aspect of effective international action on stopping climate change is the cooperation of developed countries.(然而，正如最近的会谈所表明的那样，阻止气候变化的有效国际行动的一个方面是发达国家的合作。)”可知，有效的阻止气候变化的方式是实现与发达国家的合作，该句与前文构成转折关系，即表明，现在并没没有实现与发达国家的合作，故就各个国家达成一致是重要的。由此推断划线词consensus与D选项“agreement”为同义词，意为“一致”。故选D。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“From Dec 7 to 19, delegates from around the world met at the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (also known as COP15), in Montreal, Canada. After two weeks of intense debate at COP15, delegates agreed on Dec 19 to adopt a landmark plan to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030. (12月7日至19日，来自世界各地的代表参加了在加拿大蒙特利尔举行的《联合国生物多样性公约》第15次缔约方大会(简称COP15)。在第15届联合国气候变化大会上，经过两周的激烈辩论，代表们于12月19日同意通过一项具有里程碑意义的计划，到2030年遏制和扭转生物多样性丧失。)”以及通读全文可知，文章讲述的是在第15届联合国气候变化大会上，不同国家的代表们同意通过一项具有里程碑意义的计划，到2030年遏制和扭转生物多样性丧失。故选D。
9．A    10．C    11．D    12．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了西班牙诗人莫亚从一些中国古代诗人的作品中发现了取之不尽的宝藏和灵感源泉，并在自己的作品中模仿他们的风格，而这也帮助他赢得了许多诗歌奖。
9．词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段“Moya started to imitate these ancient poems, thanks in large part to the efforts of Joaquin Chen, 79, who had translated those Chinese poems into Spanish.(莫亚开始模仿这些古诗，这在很大程度上要归功于79岁的Joaquin Chen的努力，他曾将这些中国诗歌翻译成西班牙语。)”可知，莫亚是模仿中国古时候诗人的作品。选项A“Imitates(模仿)”；选项B“Recites (背诵)”；选项C“Collects(收集)”；选项D“Summarizes(总结)”。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Moya started to imitate these ancient poems, thanks in large part to the efforts of Joaquin Chen, 79, who had translated those Chinese poems into Spanish.(莫亚开始模仿这些古诗，这在很大程度上要归功于79岁的Joaquin Chen的努力，他曾将这些中国诗歌翻译成西班牙语。)”以及““I’m very grateful to the many people like Mr. Chen. I learned how to write from them,” said Moya. “The seed Mr. Chen sowed in me has grown into blossoms.”(“我非常感谢很多像陈先生这样的人。我从他们那里学会了如何写作。”莫亚说。“陈先生在我身上种下的种子已经开花了。”)”可知，文中提到Joaquin Chen是为了表明Joaquin Chen对莫亚的影响。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Poets of both countries care much about the miseries of human life, and express their thoughts in languages and melodies as beautiful as possible,” he said.(他说：“两国诗人都很关心人类生活的苦难，并尽可能用优美的语言和旋律来表达他们的思想。”)”可知，他认为，西班牙诗人和中国诗人都注重用诗歌来表达自己的思想，也就是都具有内在深度。故选D。
12．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Spanish poet Manuel Moya has found an inexhaustible treasure and source of inspiration in the works of some ancient Chinese poets. The grey-bearded 57-year-old never tried to hide his strong love for the famous ancient Chinese recluse (隐士)，Tao Yuanming (352/365-427) and other poets Wang Wei, Li Bai and Du Fu, and openly emulates their styles, in both his works and life.(西班牙诗人莫亚从一些中国古代诗人的作品中发现了取之不尽的宝藏和灵感源泉。现年57岁、胡子花白的他从不掩饰自己对中国古代著名隐士陶渊明以及王维、李白和杜甫等诗人的强烈喜爱，并在自己的作品和生活中公开模仿他们的风格。)”可知，文章主要讲述了一位西班牙诗人从中国古代诗人的作品中得到了灵感，从而创作了大量诗歌。所以“Ancient Chinese Poetry Inspires Spanish Poet(中国古代诗歌启发西班牙诗人)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
13．C    14．B    15．A    16．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在美国，很多人都睡眠不足，作者建议调整美国的工作时间表，以更接受员工的生物钟，让美国人拥有更好的睡眠健康和生产力。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I have always straggled to fall asleep earlier than midnight. However, my schedule requires me to wake up at 5:30 am five days a week. I constantly feel tired.  I am not alone in this case, though. One in three adults don’t get enough sleep.(我总是难以在午夜前入睡。然而，我的时间表要求我每周五天早上5:30起床。我总是觉得很累。不过，在这种情况下，我并不孤单。三分之一的成年人睡眠不足。)”可知，作者以自己为例，是为了告诉读者，在美国睡眠不足的问题很普遍。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Everyone’s body has a natural schedule based on genetics. 30%-50% of people sleep between 11 pm and 7 am. 40% of people rise a little earlier or sleep a little later. Many Americans begin to work when their body’s natural clock wants them to be asleep.(每个人的身体都有一个基于基因的自然时间表。30%-50%的人在晚上11点到早上7点之间睡觉。40%的人起得早一点或睡得晚一点。许多美国人在他们身体的自然时钟想让他们入睡时才开始工作。)”可知，人的自然生物钟各不一样，故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“One town in Germany allows people to sleep when their body needs to. They have investigated ideas like starting work later and getting rid of “daylight saving time” to better fit their natural schedule. In the US，we don’t prioritize our chronobiology. Our society rewards people who wake up early, but honestly, that isn’t the case for most of us. People with later chronotypes are forced to adopt earlier schedules and suffer health consequences or miss Work and educational opportunities. It’s obvious that a change is needed. (德国的一个小镇允许人们在身体需要的时候睡觉。他们研究了一些想法，比如推迟上班时间，取消“日光节约时间”，以更好地适应他们的自然作息。在美国，我们不会优先考虑我们的生物钟。我们的社会奖励那些早起的人，但说实话，我们大多数人都不是这样的。生物钟类型较晚的人被迫采用较早的作息时间，并遭受健康后果或失去工作和教育机会。很明显，我们需要做出改变。)”可知，作者认为德国这个小镇的做法更好地适应了人们的自然生物钟，由此作者认为美国做的不好，需要改变。因此可判断，作者认为德国这个小镇的做法是值得效仿的。故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The solution is simple. We should adjust US work schedules to be more accepting of employee chronobiology to give Americans better sleep health and productivity. We can allow workers to have more choices regarding their schedules to allow for healthy sleep. We can also shift the start of workdays to be an hour or two later.(解决办法很简单。我们应该调整美国的工作时间表，以更接受员工的生物钟，让美国人拥有更好的睡眠健康和生产力。我们可以让员工在工作时间上有更多的选择，以保证健康的睡眠。我们还可以将工作日的开始时间推迟一两个小时。)”可知，作者在最后一段内容中建议调整美国的工作时间表。故选A。
17．C    18．A    19．B

【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了哥斯达黎加之旅的参观景点、日期、人数和其它具体要求。
17．细节理解题。根据Program at a Glance 部分“Ages: 14~18 (年龄：14~18)”和“  Level of Spanish: A basic level is recommended (西班牙语水平：建议达到基本水平)”可知17岁会说一点西班牙语的Jane最合适参加这个活动，故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据Details部分“Stay with a homestay family in Heredia for a close experience into the Costa Rican lifestyle. (入住赫雷迪亚的寄宿家庭，近距离体验哥斯达黎加的生活方式)”可知游客游览Heredia的时候，可以住在当地人的家中，故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据Details部分“Visit Abangares and its gold mines (参观阿班加雷斯及其金矿)”可知游客可以在活动中参观金矿，故选B。
20．D    21．C    22．A    23．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是一种新的给患者输血的方式，即给患者提供红细胞，这种输血方式一旦成功，将会使得经常输血的患者，即使是那些具有稀有血型的患者的生活变的轻松。
20．推理判断题。根据第二段“Blood transfusions aren’t as simple as taking blood from one person and giving it to someone else. There’re several different blood types that don’t all mix well. If someone gets a transfusion of the wrong kind of blood, their body will reject the blood cells, causing problems. For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells (干细胞) from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.(输血并不像从一个人身上取血给另一个人那么简单。有几种不同的血型并不能很好地混合在一起。如果有人输错了血，他们的身体就会排斥血细胞，造成问题。英国布里斯托尔大学的科学家们首次进行了一项新的试验:测试在实验室里培养的人类志愿者的红细胞。科学家们利用血液样本中的干细胞培育出数十亿个全新的红细胞)”可知，输血并不像想象的那么简单，且不同血型不能很好的混合，输错了血可能造成问题。由此推知，科学家进行实验的目的是找到一种新的输血方式——红细胞输血，以避免这些问题。故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new, and this means they last longer and that patients will need fewer transfusions.(在实验室中生长的红细胞是全新的，这意味着它们的持续时间更长，患者需要的输血更少)”可知，在实验室中的红细胞的优势是它们是全新的，因此对患者有效的时间更长。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“And a lot of work and testing still need to be done. (还有很多工作和测试需要完成)”可知，该研究还有很长的路要走。故选A。
23．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“For years, doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive. These transfusions usually include giving red blood cells to patients.(多年来，医生一直为需要血液生存的患者提供血液。这些输血通常包括给患者提供红细胞)”以及第二段中的“For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells(干细胞) from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells. (英国布里斯托大学的科学家有史以来第一次在人类志愿者身上测试实验室中生长的红细胞。科学家们使用来自血液样本的干细胞来培养数十亿个全新的红细胞)”可知，本文主要讲述的是科学家在实验室研发的一种红细胞输血方式。由此可知，The test of lab-grown blood.(实验室培育的血液测试)适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。
24．B    25．A    26．D

【导语】这是一篇应用文。《纽约时报》最近的一篇文章揭示了某些美国学校的MBA(工商管理硕士)毕业生与职业前景之间的相关性。文章对此进行了介绍。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Graduate Peter Faricy, vice president of Amazon Marketplace, says the reason behind this is that Ross’ curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solving course for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon.(毕业生、亚马逊市场副总裁彼得·法里西表示，这背后的原因是，罗斯商学院提供的与课程相关的内容，比如解决问题的课程，特别适合亚马逊。)”可知，罗斯商学院为学生开设了一门关于解决工作困难的各种方法的课程。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The school’s MBAs are in demand at elite consulting firms, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard (23 percent) and Stanford (16 percent).(精英咨询公司对凯洛格商学院的MBA毕业生很有需求。去年，凯洛格商学院雇佣了35%的毕业生，这一比例高于哈佛（23%）和斯坦福（16%）。)”可知，咨询公司青睐凯洛格商学院的MBA学生。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据第五段“Silicon Valley hasn’t always welcomed MBAs. However, two of Apple’s top 10 executives come from Fuqua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the past five years, and provided 42 internships for Duke students.(硅谷并不总是欢迎MBA。然而，苹果前10名高管中有两人来自福库。过去5年，苹果聘用了32名福库商学院的毕业生，并为杜克大学的学生提供了42个实习机会。)”可知，如果你想在高科技电子产品领域工作，你可以选择在福库商学院学习。故选D。
27．C    28．C    29．B    30．D

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章讲述了Tom Turcich成为第十个环游世界的人，在七年多的时间里，他和他的狗萨凡纳走过了4.8万公里，横跨六大洲和38个国家。
27．细节理解题。根据第二题中“Speaking to CNN, Turcich explained that, after a friend died in an accident at age 17 he started to look at life differently, and decided to go on a journey around the world. (在接受CNN采访时，Tom Turcich解释说，在他17岁时一个朋友死于一场事故后，他开始以不同的方式看待生活，并决定进行一次环球旅行。)”可知，一个朋友的意外离世促使Tom Turcich开始环球旅行。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In late 2017, Turcich had to return home to recover from an illness he got while traveling through Ireland and the UK.( 2017年底，Turcich 在爱尔兰和英国旅行时生病，不得不回国养病。)”可知，他们的旅行一度因Turcich的病而中断。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“About four months into the journey, Turcich adopted Savannah from, an animal shelter in Texas. She joined him for the rest of the trip, becoming the first dog to walk around the world. The pair walked around 30-40 kilometers a day, spending most nights camping. Some parts could not be done on foot, however - such as when lurcich and Savannah took a boat from Uruguay to Antarctica. (大约四个月后，Turcich从德克萨斯州的一家动物收容所收养了萨凡纳。她和他一起完成了剩下的旅程，成为了第一只环游世界的狗。二者每天步行30-40公里，大部分晚上都在露营。然而，有些部分是不能步行完成的，比如勒里奇和萨凡纳从乌拉圭乘船前往南极洲。)”以及倒数第二段中“He and Savannah started walking again in May 2018, going through Europe, North Africa and Turkey before getting stuck in Azerbaijan for six months because of the COVID-19 pandemic. (2018年5月，他和萨凡纳再次开始徒步旅行，途经欧洲、北非和土耳其，后来因为新冠肺炎大流行在阿塞拜疆滞留了6个月。)”可知，Turcich 克服了困难完成了剩下旅程。由此体现出他是勇敢的和意志坚定的。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据第一段中“On May 21, 2022, Tom Turcich of New Jersey became the 10th person to walk around the world. Over seven years, he walked 48,000 kilometers across six continents and 38 countries - most of it with his dog Savannah.( 2022年5月21日，新泽西州的Tom Turcich成为第十个环游世界的人。在七年多的时间里，他走了4.8万公里，穿越了六大洲和38个国家——大部分时间是和他的狗萨凡纳一起走的。)”并结合全文可知，文章讲述的是Turcich成为了第十个环游世界的人，他和狗狗萨凡纳一起穿越了六大洲和38个国家，行走了4.8万公里。故文章的目的是分享一个关于一个男人和一只狗环游世界的故事。故选D。
31．C    32．D    33．B    34．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们用计算机模型来证明“过度使用技术，对人类产生的负面影响”。
31．细节理解题。根据文章的第二段“A team from the US-based company Toll Free Forwarding built a three-dimensional(三维的)model to uncover the negative effects technology can have on human bodies in less than 800 years.( 美国免费转发公司的一个团队建立了一个三维模型，以揭示科技在不到800年的时间里对人体产生的负面影响。)”可知，建立三维模型是为了揭示科学对于人体产生的负面影响。故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“That’s why Mindy has a 90-degree elbow, and her hands look like she’s always holding a mobile phone.( 这就是为什么Mandy的肘部呈90度，她的手看起来总是拿着手机。)”可以推测，Mandy有着跟常人不太一样的肘部。故西选D。
33．主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“Some people also commented that human evolution may not work this way. They believe that only features with actual benefits would be kept throughout the years. (一些人还评论说，人类进化可能不会这样。他们认为，只有具有实际效益的功能才能在这些年中保留下来。)”可以了解到，一些人们对于人类进化的观点与上文不一致。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“However, current human lifestyles still raise concerns.( 然而，当前的人类生活方式仍然令人担忧。)”可知，作者认为，当前人类的生活方式确实会令人担忧。段首就说出了自己的观点，接着举例来说明该种观点。故选D。
35．B    36．C    37．A    38．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究者们正在研究的空中飞行器将进入我们的生活，并给我们带来很多便利。即使目前仍有一些问题需要解决，其未来是充满希望的。
35．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Batteries keep getting smaller. Materials to build the air vehicles are lighter than ever(电池越来越小。制造飞行器的材料比以往任何时候都轻)”和下文“These modernizations have enabled a greater focus on electric technology in flying over the past 15 years. (在过去的15年里，这些现代化使人们更加重视飞行中的电子技术。)”可知，现代化让电池越来越小，材料越来越轻，software（软件）也变得更先进，故划线词与advanced意思相近。故选B项。
36．推理判断题。根据第三段的“As the new plane becomes more common, the result could be something as simple as cutting down travel time within urban and suburban areas, making it slightly easier to get to the airport or from the suburbs to downtown. But the planes could also help get rid of “transportation deserts,” making it easier for a doctor to reach a patient in a rural area who has limited access to a hospital.(随着新型飞机变得越来越普遍，其结果可能会很简单，比如减少市区和郊区的旅行时间，让去机场或从郊区到市中心变得更容易一些。但这些飞机也可以帮助消除“交通沙漠”，使医生更容易接触到农村地区就医受限的病人。)”可知，前文提到了新型费劲带来的便利，因此推断提到“transportation deserts”的消除是为了强调空中出租车的优势——带来便利。故选C项。
37．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“But, according to Hackenberg of NASA, “About the future, it’s not an if; it’s a when.”(但是，根据美国宇航局的Hackenberg，“关于未来，这不是一个是否的问题；这是一个时间的问题。”)”因此，Hackenberg认为空中飞行器的实践是充满希望的、有前途的，只是时间问题。故选A项。
38．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Aerospace engineers are working on air vehicles-that will be used to drop packages on your doorsteps, transport people and goods over shorter distances and could even give people the ability to call air taxis-to fundamentally change how we see the sky.(航空航天工程师正在研究一种飞行器，它将被用来把包裹扔到你的门口，在更短的距离内运送人和货物，甚至可以让人们有能力叫空中出租车，从而从根本上改变我们看待天空的方式。)”和第三段第一句“Maybe soon you will be walking down the street to a vertiport, where you’ll catch an air taxi. (也许很快你就可以沿着街道走到一个垂直起降点，在那里你可以坐上一辆空中出租车。)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究者们正在研究的空中飞行器将进入我们的生活，并给我们带来很多便利。C项“Ready for Air Taxis?( 准备好坐飞空中出租车了吗?)”可以概括全文，且吸引眼球，适合作本文标题。故选C项。
39．C    40．D    41．C    42．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。通过描述作者和全家人外出旅游过程中遇到的麻烦事，让作者明白到接受彼此的个性和界限才是家庭生活的真谛。
39．推理判断题。根据第二段中“I was about to make a reservation when I saw a note on The Shire’s website: No kids allowed. (我正准备预定房间时，在The Shire的网站上看到一条告示：儿童禁止入内。)”可知，作者在预定房间时，被告知儿童禁止入内。故推断遇到了一些困难。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据第三段中““Children aren’t usually allowed here,” I reminded Aurora. “So you have to be very careful. You can look at everything, but don’t touch it.”(“孩子通常不允许进来。”我提醒爱洛。“所以你必须非常小心。你什么都可以看，但不要碰。”)”可知，刚开始导致作者焦虑的是作者不确定爱洛的感受。因为在刚开始旅行的时候，孩子是不允许进来的，而且作者带着爱洛进来，还需要对她加倍叮咛，作者由此担心爱洛的感受。由此让作者感觉到很焦虑。故选D。
41．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Remember, no touching,” I reminded Aurora, feeling like a complainer. Had I made Aurora so scared of touching things that she couldn’t think about anything else? What fun was that?(“记住，不要碰我。”我提醒爱洛，感觉自己像个抱怨者。是我让爱洛不敢碰东西，以至于她无法想其他事情吗？那有什么好玩的？)”可知，作者觉得自己像个抱怨者，不停的提醒着爱洛，由此会影响她游玩的乐趣。故作者认为自己的行为可能会阻止爱洛尽情享受。故选C。
42．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Jim and I moved through life side by side as a couple, but we’d learned to accept each other’s individuality and boundaries as well.(吉姆和我作为夫妻并肩生活，但我们也学会了接受彼此的个性和界限。)”可知，作者认为在家庭生活中，彼此之间互相接受彼此的个性和界限，这才是重要的。故选B。
43．D    44．A    45．B    46．C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章讨论了“视频游戏是否会上瘾”。随着世界卫生组织的官方承认，“游戏成瘾”的诊断将变得更加普遍，且将它与赌博放在一起，无论公平与否，都不会给游戏行业带来任何好处。
43．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“On January I this year, “gaming disorder”—in which games are played uncontrollably, despite causing harm—gained recognition from the World Health Organization (WHO).(今年1月1日，“游戏失调症”得到了世界卫生组织的认可。“游戏失调症”指的是在游戏中不受控制地玩游戏，尽管会造成危害。 )”可知，游戏成瘾被官方认定为一种疾病。故选D项。
44．词句猜测题。根据前文“Are games really addictive?(游戏真的会上瘾吗?)”和后文“Similar warnings have been given about television, rock’n’roll, jazz, comic books, novels and even crossword puzzles, but it turns out that they are not as harmful as expected.(对于电视、摇滚乐、爵士乐、漫画书、小说甚至填字游戏，人们也给出了类似的警告，但事实证明，这些警告并没有想象的那么有害。)”可知，人么恐慌的是“游戏会让人们过度成瘾”。因此“moral panic”指的故选是对某物（文中指游戏）有害程度的错误判断。故选A项。
45．推理判断题。根据第三段的第五、六句“Smartphones and modern video game machines use their permanent Internet connections to send gameplay data back to developers. In this way products are constantly adjusted to encourage players’ spending. (智能手机和现代电子游戏机利用它们的永久互联网连接将游戏玩法数据发回给开发者。通过这种方式，产品会不断调整以鼓励玩家消费。)”可知，游戏开发者根据接收到的数据调整产品，以使游戏更具有吸引力。故选B项。
46．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The gaming industry should realize that, in the real world, it has a problem, and that problem is growing Now that gaming addiction comes with an official WHO recognition, diagnoses will become more common. Anyway, being put together with gambling in the public mind, fairly or not, will not do the industry any good.(游戏行业应该意识到，在现实世界中，它有一个问题，这个问题正在增长，随着世界卫生组织的官方承认，游戏成瘾的诊断将变得更加普遍。无论如何，在公众心目中与赌博放在一起，无论公平与否，都不会给这个行业带来任何好处。)”可知，作者在最后一段，针对游戏行业出现的问题做出了提醒和警示。故选C项。
47．B    48．D    49．B    50．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究人员通过研究发现蚊子偏爱某些颜色，并以此探索驱散蚊子的办法。
47．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The study found that after a common type of mosquitoes smelled CO2 the gas humans breathe out—they decided to land on some colored dots (色点) but ignored others.”（研究发现一种常见的蚊子在闻到人类呼出的二氧化碳的气味后，它们停留在一些色点上，而忽视了其他色点。）及第三段研究人员做的比喻“Here, we started to learn what visual elements that mosquitoes are looking for after smelling their own version of a bakery.”（现在，我们开始研究在蚊子闻到它们喜欢的烘焙食品的味道后会寻找什么视觉线索。）可知，对蚊子而言，人类呼出的二氧化碳就像是香甜的面包，会吸引它们。故选B项。
48．细节理解题。根据文章第四段第三句“They also found that mosquitoes ignored green, blue and white. ”（他们也发现蚊子会忽视绿色，蓝色和白色的色点。）可知，这三种颜色无法引起蚊子的关注。故选D项。
49．主旨大意题。根据第六段第一句“We previously discovered there are three major hints that attract mosquitoes: your breath, your sweat and the temperature of your skin”（我们之前发现吸引蚊子的三种因素，即你的呼吸，汗水及皮肤温度。）及第二句“Now we have found a fourth hint: the color red, which can not only be found on your clothes, but is also found in everyone’s skin. ”（现在我们发现了第四种就是红色，它不仅指你衣服上的红色，也存在于每个人的皮肤中。）可知，本段主要说明了四种吸引蚊子的因素。故选B项。
50．细节理解题。根据第七段最后一句“The researchers hope that their findings can help find other methods to drive back the biting insects.”（研究人员希望他们的发现有助于探索其他驱散这种咬人昆虫的方法。）可知，该研究的发现有助于探索更多的方法驱散蚊子。故选D项。
51．B    52．B    53．D    54．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在澳大利亚大堡礁工作的科学家们成功地测试了一种冷冻和储存珊瑚幼虫的新方法。介绍了这种技术的操作方法以及优势等。
51．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Scientists working on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef have successfully tested a new method for freezing and storing coral larvae — the very young form of the small ocean animal.(在澳大利亚大堡礁工作的科学家们成功地测试了一种冷冻和储存珊瑚幼虫的新方法。珊瑚幼虫是一种小型海洋动物的幼体)”结合文章还介绍了这种技术的操作方法以及优势等可知，这篇文章主要讲的是一种恢复珊瑚礁的新方法。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Coral is frozen using a special method called cryogenics. This permits the young animals to be stored until they can be unfrozen and placed in the wild. The process currently requires high-tech equipment including lasers and is costly. But, the team in Australia says cryomesh can do a better job of saving the coral and for much less money.(珊瑚是用一种叫做低温的特殊方法冷冻的。这样就可以将幼虫储存起来，直到它们可以解冻并放在野外。目前，这一过程需要包括激光在内的高科技设备，而且成本高昂。但是，澳大利亚的研究团队表示，cryomesh可以以更少的钱在拯救珊瑚方面做得更好)”可知，与低温学相比，cyomesh的优势是更便宜。故选B。
53．推理判断题。根据第六段“Mary Hagedorn, Senior Research Scientist at Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute explained, “If we can secure the biodiversity of coral...then we’ll have tools for the future to really help restore the reefs.” She added, “...this technology for coral reefs in the future is a real game-changer.”(史密森尼国家动物园和保护生物学研究所的高级研究科学家Mary Hagedorn解释说：“如果我们能确保珊瑚的生物多样性……然后我们就有了未来真正帮助恢复珊瑚礁的工具。”她还说，“……这项用于未来珊瑚礁的技术是真正的游戏规则改变者。”)”可知，Mary Hagedorn在第6段中的观点是网格技术将在恢复珊瑚礁方面发挥至关重要的作用。故选D。
54．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The cryomesh had been tested earlier on smaller and larger kinds of Hawaian corals. A test on the larger failed. Tests are continuing with larger-size Great Barrier Reef coral.(早前，cryomesh已经在夏威夷的小型和大型珊瑚上进行了测试。对较大的一个测试失败了。对更大尺寸的大堡礁珊瑚的测试仍在继续)”可推知，需要更多的实验来证明cryomesh技术的效率。故选D。
55．D    56．C    57．A    58．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去乌兹别克斯坦旅行的所见所闻以及所感。
55．细节理解题。根据第一段“Why did I choose Uzbekistan for my first post-pandemic holiday abroad? Perhaps, in my mind, I had romantic images of the ancient Silk Road and the great cities along its route, especially Samarkand. Maybe I even entertained unlikely hopes of bumping into Joanna Lumley. Probably, I simply wanted to see a part of the world that was completely unknown to me. I was not to be disappointed.(为什么我选择乌兹别克斯坦作为大流行后的第一个海外假期？也许，我对古代丝绸之路和沿途的伟大城市，尤其是撒马尔罕，有过浪漫的印象。也许我甚至对偶遇Joanna Lumley抱有不太可能的希望。也许，我只是想看看这个世界上我完全不知道的一部分。我不会失望的)”可知，作者去乌兹别克斯坦是因为对未知的好奇心驱使着他。故选D。
56．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Located in and around several large domes, the bazaar provided an exciting start to my holiday, the colorful national dress of the local women further(集市位于几个大圆顶内及其周围，为我的假期提供了一个激动人心的开始，当地妇女的五颜六色的民族服饰)”和表示语义递进的further可知，集市为作者的假期提供了一个令人兴奋的开始，而当地妇女五颜六色的民族服装则进一步活跃了现场。故画线词意思是“使活跃”。故选C。
57．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“For all but vegetarians, the food was another highlight of the holiday. Tapioca pudding at breakfast came as a surprise but the home-produced fresh fruit and vegetables were delicious.(除了素食者外，食物是这个节日的另一个亮点。早餐的木薯布丁是一个惊喜，但自制的新鲜水果和蔬菜是美味的)”可知，Uzbekistan的食物吸引了大多数人。故选A。
58．推理判断题。根据第一段“Why did I choose Uzbekistan for my first post-pandemic holiday abroad? Perhaps, in my mind, I had romantic images of the ancient Silk Road and the great cities along its route, especially Samarkand. Maybe I even entertained unlikely hopes of bumping into Joanna Lumley. Probably, I simply wanted to see a part of the world that was completely unknown to me. I was not to be disappointed.(为什么我选择乌兹别克斯坦作为大流行后的第一个海外假期？也许，我对古代丝绸之路和沿途的伟大城市，尤其是撒马尔罕，有过浪漫的印象。也许我甚至对偶遇Joanna Lumley抱有不太可能的希望。也许，我只是想看看这个世界上我完全不知道的一部分。我不会失望的)”结合文章主要讲述了作者去乌兹别克斯坦旅行的所见所闻以及所感。可推知，这篇文章的目的是分享旅行经历。故选A。
59．B    60．C    61．B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家公园的信息。
59．细节理解题。根据第三段“The park is home to hundreds of species of mammals, birds and reptiles. including several threatened and endangered species such as the black rhinoceros. The Etosha Ecological Institute is responsible for research in the park. Classification of vegetation and ecological studies on wildebeest, elephants and lions were among the first ajor topics to be investigated.(该公园是数百种哺乳动物、鸟类和爬行动物的家园。包括黑犀牛等几种濒危物种。埃托沙生态研究所负责公园的研究工作。角马、大象和狮子的植被分类和生态学研究是第一个要调查的主要课题)”可知，Etosha National Park会引起非洲野生动物爱好者的兴趣。故选B。
60．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A variety of land and sea life, both plants and animals are well protected in Acadia.(各种各样的陆地和海洋生物，包括植物和动物都在阿卡迪亚受到很好的保护)”以及倒数第二段“Established in 1963, Ort-Cros National Park is the first national park in Europe that unites land and marine protection zones.(奥特克罗斯国家公园成立于1963年，是欧洲第一个将陆地和海洋保护区结合起来的国家公园)”可知，阿卡迪亚国家公园和奥特克罗斯国家公园的共同之处是海洋生物和陆地生物都在那里受到保护。故选C。
61．推理判断题。根据第一段“A national park is an area of scenic beauty, historical importance, etc. owned and maintained by a national government. Here are some with the most breathtaking scenery and delicate ecosystems.(国家公园是由国家政府拥有和维护的风景优美、具有重要历史意义等的地区。这里有一些最令人惊叹的风景和脆弱的生态系统)”结合文章主要介绍了四个国家公园的信息。可推知，文章选自地理杂志。故选B。
62．C    63．D    64．B    65．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述艺术是讲述科学故事的有力工具。
62．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Art can help us experience these hard-to-imagine parts of the natural world and shed light on new scientific discoveries.(艺术可以帮助我们体验自然界中这些难以想象的部分，并揭示新的科学发现)”可知，艺术可以为探索科学提供一个新的视角。故选C。
63．推理判断题。根据第二段中“She had the scientific answer for them but found it difficult to explain without a clear visual.(她对这些问题有科学的答案，但发现如果没有清晰的图像，很难解释清楚)”及“We learn more easily when we have something to play and interact with.(当我们有东西玩和互动时，我们更容易学习)”可知，Payne建立一个3D模型是为了用一种简单的方式解释科学。故选D。
64．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Midwater creatures are equipped with all sorts of unique features to get them through life in their extreme habitat, and Osborn’s research helps us understand how these animals came to be.(中水生物具有各种独特的特征，以使它们在极端的栖息地中生存，Osborn的研究帮助我们了解这些动物是如何形成的)”以及“It was really important because these animals don’t look so great when they’re preserved in a jar in the museum’s collections.(这真的很重要，因为这些动物被保存在博物馆收藏的罐子里时，看起来不太好)”可知，Osborn专门研究具有各种独特的特征的中水生物，但这些生物被保存在博物馆收藏的罐子里时，看起来不太好，所以他开始学习摄影，这对他的工作有重要意义，由此可推知他学习摄影师为了提高自己的工作。故选B。
65．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In turn, art connects scientists to their own creativity and aids in their scientific process and the communication of their discoveries.(反过来，艺术将科学家与他们自己的创造力联系起来，并有助于他们的科学过程和他们的发现的交流)”可知，艺术提高科学家的创造力。故选A。
66．D    67．C    68．B    69．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，在团队组建方面，最受欢迎的是既值得信赖又有能力的人。
66．细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, those who are friendly and trustworthy are more likely to be selected than those who are known for just their skill competence and personal reputation, according to a new research from Binghamton University.(然而，根据宾厄姆顿大学的一项新研究，那些友好、值得信赖的人比那些仅以技能能力和个人声誉闻名的人更有可能被选中)”可知，那些友好的，易于相处的人更受欢迎，故选D项。
67．词句猜测题。根据后文“they might be someone who would be good to team up with in the future, we studied their use of either challenging or supportive voice(表明他们将来可能是一个很好的合作伙伴，我们研究了他们使用挑战或支持的声音)”可知，划线部分说的为了弄清楚学生们是如何向别人发出信号，signaled“展示”与displayed同义，故选C项。
68．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Maupin said the findings have major implications for the workplace.(莫平说，这些发现对工作场所有重大影响。)”可知，这些发现有助于组建更好的团队，故选B项。
69．主旨大意题。根据第一段“When it comes to team assembly, people who are both trustworthy and competent are the most sought after. However, those who are friendly and trustworthy are more likely to be selected than those who are known for just their skill competence and personal reputation, according to a new research from Binghamton University.(在团队组建方面，最受欢迎的是既值得信赖又有能力的人。然而，根据宾厄姆顿大学的一项新研究，那些友好、值得信赖的人比那些仅以技能能力和个人声誉闻名的人更有可能被选中)”可知，本文中的研究主要是围绕有能力的队员还是友好的队员展开的，故选D项。
70．D    71．C    72．B    73．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。短文介绍了大众媒体给人们带来的好处。
70．词句猜测题。根据第五段“the media tell us what proper behaviors are. By doing so, they teach us standards of behavior and values, and help us in our daily life.”（媒体告诉我们什么是正确的行为。通过这样做，他们教导我们行为和价值观的标准，并帮助我们日常生活。）可知，通过对人的描绘，媒体告诉我们什么是正确的行为。故划线词的意思是“描绘”。故选D项。
71．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Newspapers, magazines and TV are filled with all kinds of colorful, persuasive advertisements. Though many advertisements may not say openly that they want you to buy a certain product, they describe their products in such a way that you may want to but them.”（报纸、杂志和电视上充斥着各种丰富多彩、具有说服力的广告。尽管许多广告可能不会公开表示他们想让你购买某种产品，但他们以你可能想要的方式描述他们的产品。）可知，C选项“大众媒体说服我们购买我们根本不需要的东西”错误。故选C项。
72．细节理解题。根据第四段“Through mass media, we are able to keep in contact with politicians in the world; with famous actors and actresses, and with our beloved singers.”（通过大众媒体，我们能够与世界上的政治家保持联系；与著名演员和我们喜爱的歌手一起），第六段“Fifth, the media are used to persuade people. A good example is advertisements through the media.”（第五，媒体是用来说服人们的。媒体广告就是一个很好的例子）以及最后一段“Sixth, the media entertain.”（媒体娱乐）可知，运动不是大众媒体涉及的内容。故选B项。
73．细节理解题。根据第一段“Electronic media include television, radio and movie.”（电子媒体包括电视、广播和电影）以及选项和常识可知，无线电是是一种古老的大众媒体。故选A项。
74．B    75．A    76．C    77．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了科学家受到蒲公英启发研制出有助于监测气候变化及其他问题的微型传感器。
74．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Tiny sensors inspired by dandelion (蒲公英) seeds could be spread to the winds to help track of climate change and global warming.”（受蒲公英种子启发研发的微型传感器能随风传播，有助于追踪气候变化和全球变暖的迹象。）可知，这种传感器可以随风传播，因此不受时间和空间的影响。故选B项。
75．细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“The devices carry tiny sensors, essentially a microcomputer powered by small solar panels that can send back signals to the researchers”（该装置能够携带微型传感器，本质上就是一台小型太阳能电池板驱动的微电脑，能够将信号发送给研究员。）可知，传感器上的微电脑是由小型太阳能电池板驱动的，太阳能电池板吸收太阳的能量，故微电脑的能源来自太阳。故选A项。
76．细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“In all, the team tested 75 different designs before finding the right mix of variables. ”（在找到正确的变量组合之前，该团队总共测试了75种不同的设计。）可知，研究人员在研发蒲公英传感器之前试验了许多不同的设计。故选C项。
77．推理判断题。根据最后第一段第二句“Plus the cheapness of the device, it means that it can be placed in large numbers, and the communication range makes this an excellent choice, especially within agriculture or disaster area monitoring”（再加上该设备的廉价，这就意味着它可以大量投放，而且通信范围广使该设备成为一个优良的选择，尤其是在农业和灾害监测领域。）可知，Aitken陈述了该设备的众多优点，认为它是有前景的。故选D项。