专题06 必修三Unit 6知识点与语法梳理精练——2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末知识点精讲+训练学案（外研版2019）

这是一份专题06 必修三Unit 6知识点与语法梳理精练——2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末知识点精讲+训练学案（外研版2019），文件包含专题06知识串讲必修三Unit6知识点与语法梳理精练解析版docx、专题06知识串讲必修三Unit6知识点与语法梳理精练原卷版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共28页， 欢迎下载使用。

知识清单
专题06 【知识串讲】必修三Unit 6知识点与语法梳理精练

1. react v. 做出反应，；有影响，起作用
【教材原句】How did people there react to the disaster? 那里的人们是如何应对灾难的?
react to 对…有反应 react with 与…发生 (化学)反应
react on/upon 对……有影响/起作用 react against 反抗;对抗
reaction n. 反应，反应能力
2. immediately adv. 立刻，马上；conj. 一…就…
【教材原句】I'll join a beginner's swimming class immediately.
我马上就去上初级游泳班。
3. occur vi. (occurred; occurred) 发生；被想起
【教材原句】Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change.
专家表示，这种恶劣天气的发生是由气候变化造成的。
sth. occur(s) to sb. 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to /strikes / hits sb. that… / to do sth. 某人突然想到……
4. announcement n. 通知，宣告
【教材原句】“The next station is Bank！” comes the announcement.
“下一站是银行！”传来了火车广播公告。
make an announcement 宣布；下通知
announce sth. (to sb.) (向某人)宣布、通告某事
announce that ... 宣布……；通知……
It is/was announced that ... 据宣布……
5. disaster n. 灾难，灾祸
【教材原句】Now that it's hard to avoid a disaster on Earth, perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...
现在地球上很难避免灾难，也许我应该开始考虑移居太空……
an air disaster 空难 a natural disaster 自然灾难
the disaster area 灾区 be a disaster for 对……是一场灾难
6. pick up 拾起，捡起；卷起，掀起；（开车）接某人；（偶然）学会，养成；接收，收听；（身体）恢复
【教材原句】Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube station, I see the title “Hot! Hot! Hot！”
在地铁站拿起一份免费报纸，我看到标题是“热！热！热！”。
pick out 挑选，认出
7. average adj. 平均的；n.平均数，平均水平，一般水准；v. 平均为，计算出…的平均数
【教材原句】The average high temperature in July is only 22 degrees, so over 30 is not usual for London.
7月份的平均高温只有22度，因此超过30度对伦敦来说是不常见的。
an average of 平均有 on (the) average 平均起来
above average 在平均水平以上 below average 在平均水平以下
up to average 达到平均水平
8. compare v. 比较，相比
【教材原句】This, however, is nothing compared to the train. 然而，这与火车比起来不算什么。
compare ...with ...　把…和…相比较 compare...to ... 把…比作…
compared to/with ... 和…相比(通常作状语) beyond/without compare 无与伦比，举世无双
comparison n. 比较;对照;比喻 in comparison with 与…相比
9. make it 及时到达；成功
【教材原句】I hope I can make it to Bank Station.我希望我能撑到银行站。
make for 朝……行进；促进 make up 编造；弥补；化妆；组成；和好
make up for 补偿；弥补 make use of 利用
make out 弄清楚 make fun of 取笑
manage it 　做到 that's it　就这些，没别的了
take it easy　放松，不紧张 take it for granted认为理所当然
worth it值得做 believe it or not信不信由你
10. after all 毕竟；终究
【教材原句】After all, it's only 30 degrees outside. 毕竟，外面只有30度。
in all 总共 at all 丝毫；根本
above all 最重要的是；尤其是 first of all 首先；第一
all in all 总的来说；最重要的是
11. look through 浏览；透过……看；识破
【教材原句】Looking through my newspaper, I'm shocked by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
浏览我的报纸，我对亚洲飓风摧毁了一个城镇的照片感到震惊。
look through newspapers 浏览报纸 look through the window 透过窗子看
look through the enemy's tricks 识破敌人的花招
look forward to 期待，盼望 look into 向里看；调查
look on ... as 把…看作 look up 查阅；抬头向上看
look back on 回忆，回顾 look down on/upon 轻视，瞧不起
look out(＝watch out) 小心，当心 look out for 注意察看，留心
12. now that 既然
【教材原句】Now that it's hard to avoid a disaster on Earth, perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...
既然地球上的灾难很难避免，也许我应该开始考虑搬到太空去…
since 自从；因为；既然
13. （比较级）and（比较级） 越来越…
【教材原句】To explain why summers in London are getting hotter and hotter.解释为什么伦敦的夏天越来越热。
“the＋比较级(＋主谓)，the＋比较级(＋主谓) ” 表示“越……，就越……”
14. on the way 即将到来；在路上
【教材原句】Unusual animal behaviour, for example, can indicate whether it’s cold, wet weather that’s on the way or a hot, dry period.
例如，动物的不寻常行为可以表明即将到来的是寒冷潮湿的天气，还是炎热干燥的时期。
on the way to sp 在去某地的路上 on the way home/here/there 回家/来这儿/去那儿的路上
in the way 妨碍;挡道 by the way顺便问/说一下
in a way 在某种程度上
15. forecast n./ v. 预测；预报
【教材原句】Technology isn't the only way to forecast the weather.
技术并不是预测天气的唯一方法。
16. reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的
【教材原句】So, for accurate and reliable predictions, it's best to check an official, scientific report.因此，为了准确可靠的预测，最好查看官方的科学报告。
rely v. 信任；信赖；依赖；依靠 rely on/upon 依靠；依赖
rely on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事 rely on it that... 相信……
rely on = depend on = count on
17. rescue vt. 营救，拯救 n. 解救，救助，抢救
【教材原句】International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country.
国际救援队很快开始抵达该国。
go/come to sb.'s rescue＝rescue sb. 进行援救，营救某人
rescue sb. from... 从…中救出某人 rescue team 救援队
18. consist of 由……组成
【教材原句】Consisting of 62 people, it not only included rescuers and medical staff, but also included earthquake experts.
它由62人组成，不仅包括救援人员和医务人员，还包括地震专家。
be made up of=be composed of 由……组成 consist in (=lie in ) 在于;存在于
consist with与…一致/相符
consistent adj. 持续的；一致的 be consistent with... 和…一致/相符
19. claim v. (战争、事故等) 夺去(生命)；声称，断言；索要，索取；n. 声称，断言；索赔
【教材原句】Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives.
由于短时间内的特大降雪，它们摧毁了建筑物和森林，夺去了超过256人的生命。
claim to do sth. 声称做某事 claim on 索赔
have a claim on/to 有对……要求的权力 have no claim on/to 没有对……要求的权利;无资格得到
make a claim for... 提出索赔
20. turn into变成
【教材原句】Our street turned into a river in seconds. 我们的街道在几秒钟内就变成了一条河。
turn around 转过身,转向反方向
turn down 拒绝;调小(音量) turn up出现;调大(音量)
turn off 关掉 turn on打开
turn out 结果是;证明是 turn to求助于;翻到(书的某页);查阅;转向
21. nowhere adv. 无处，到处都不
【教材原句】We were going nowhere. 我们无处可去。
be nowhere to be seen/found/heard 哪儿也见/找/听不到
from nowhere 不知来自哪里，从不知名的状态
get/go nowhere 没有结果；没有进展
22. otherwise adv. 否则，要不然 (相当于or, or else) ；另外
【教材原句】There was water everywhere, but we couldn't drink any of it otherwise we'd get really sick.
到处都是水，但是我们不能喝，否则我们会生病的。
and otherwise 等等 or otherwise 或相反；或以其他方式
23. remind v. 提醒；使想起
【教材原句】But as Mom kept on reminding us, we were all together and safe.
但正如妈妈一直提醒我们的那样，我们都在一起，很安全。
remind sb of sth. 使某人想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事
remind sb. that... 提醒某人……
24. reflect v. 显示，反映；反射；反省，反思
【教材原句】What sort of attitude to life is reflected in the author’s experience of looking at the night sky? 作者看夜空的经历反映了怎样的人生态度?
reflect on/upon反省;认真思考 be reflected in 倒映在;反映在
reflection n. 反射；反映；映像；显示；表达 on reflection 经再三考虑;反思
25. sufficient adj. 足够的，充足的
【教材原句】Make sure you have sufficient food, water, medicine and batteries for electrical appliances. 确保你有足够的食物、水、药品和电器电池。
be sufficient for sth. 对于……足够 be sufficient to do 足够做某事
insufficient adj. 不够的 sufficiently adv. 充分地，足够地
26. shelter n. 庇护，掩蔽　v. 保护；使掩蔽
【教材原句】If you cannot get home in time, find other shelter as soon as you can.
如果你不能及时回家,尽快找到其他的躲避处。
seek shelter 寻求庇护 run for shelter 找躲避处
take shelter from 躲避 give sb. shelter 庇护某人
shelter sb. from 庇护某人免受…
27. “was/were doing when…” 表示“正在做某事，这时…”
【教材原句】I was sitting in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap, when the roof just flew off.
我坐在房间里，我的猫Smartie趴在我的大腿上，正在这时，屋顶突然飞走了。
be doing sth. when… 正在做某事突然…
be about to do sth. when... 正要做某事突然…
be on the point of doing sth. when... 正要做某事突然…
had (just) done sth. when... 刚做完某事突然…
28. threat n．威胁，威胁的人或者事物
threaten v. 威胁 threaten to do sth. 威胁要做某事
threaten sb. with sth. 用某事来威胁某人
threatening adj. 威胁的，恐吓的 a threatening letter恐吓信
threatened adj. 受到威胁的
29. so... that... 如此…以至于…，引导结果状语从句。
【教材原句】I was so frightened that I just froze. 我害怕得动不了。
so…that…的三种用法：
① so＋adj./adv.＋that...
② so＋adj.＋an ＋单数可数名词＋that...
③ so＋many/few/much/little...＋n.＋that...
such…that…的三种用法：
①such＋a(n)＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that...
②such＋adj.＋可数名词复数＋that...
③such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that...
30. the moment 一……就
【教材原句】He had disappeared the moment the storm hit. 风暴一袭来他就不见了。
“一……就……”的表达方式还有：
as soon as...
immediately/directly/instantly...
the second/minute/instant...
no sooner... than.../hardly... when...
on＋n./doing...

语法清单


省略句

1. 简单句中的省略
1) 省略主语：祈使句通常省略主语
(You) Shut up！住嘴！ (It) Doesn't matter.没关系。
2) 省略宾语：当上、下或前后两个句子的宾语一致时，下句或后句常省略宾语。
—Do you know Miss Gao? —I don't know (her)．
3) 省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)：在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。
(You come) This way, please. 请这边走。(省略了主语和谓语)
(Have you) Got any ink? 你有墨水吗？(省略了主语和谓语的一部分)
2. 并列句中的省略
1) 省略主语或宾语：当后面主语或宾语与前面一部分相同时，可以省略后一部分中共同的主语或宾语。
Tom picked up a book on the floor and (Tom) handed it to his teacher.
2) 省略系动词、助动词或情态动词：当主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词，助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。
Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.
3) 省略主谓成分：当主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。
His advice made me happy, but (his advice made) Jim angry.
4) 若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。
He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesn't (have a knowledge of first aid)．
3. 状语从句中的省略
1) 在when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, once, whether, unless, whenever等连接的状语从句中，当从句谓语中含有系动词be，且从句主语跟主句的主语相同或从句的主语为it时，则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。
Wood gives off much smoke while (it is) burning.
Whenever (it is) possible, they would stop him and ask him the three questions.
2) 在than, as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些固定成分。
They don't use more water than (it is) necessary.
He runs as fast as Bob (runs)．
4. 定语从句中的省略：在限制性定语从句中，关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。
5. 宾语从句中的省略：宾语从句中常省略连接词that
6. 动词不定式的省略
1) 用于某些使役动词，如：make, let, have等和感官动词，如：see, watch, notice, observe, hear等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但在被动语态中，to不省略。
We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.
She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom. (被动语态)
2) 并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比或比较关系时，不能省略to。
He likes to swim and (to) skate. (并列)
He believes it's important to study rather than to make friends. (比较)
3) 介词but, except (除了) 前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。
All he could do was nothing but wait and see.
7. 介词的省略：一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留分词后的动名词。常见的结构有：
be busy (in) doing sth. have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.
spend some time (in) doing sth. stop/prevent sb. (from) doing sth.

单元过关


一、 根据首字母或中文提示完成句子。
1．（2023秋·河北石家庄·高一校考期末）On his mother’s death, Charles became king ________ (立刻).
2．（2023秋·吉林长春·高一长春市实验中学校考期末）It’s human activities that ________ animals and plants most. (威胁)
3．（2023秋·山东济宁·高一统考期末）Watch out! The red button should be pressed only in an_____ (紧急情况).
4．（2023秋·重庆·高一重庆八中校考期末）They established a night ______ (收容所) for the homeless.
5．（2022春·天津·高一校联考期末）Sometimes, information online is not __________(可靠的).
6．（2022春·新疆乌鲁木齐·高一乌鲁木齐市第70中校考期末）Scientists are________ (宣称) a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer.
7．（2023秋·山东潍坊·高一统考期末）Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to r__________ (营救) from the fires.
8．（2023秋·山东潍坊·高一统考期末）It would be a d__________ (灾难) for them not to reach the finals.
9．（2022春·广东珠海·高一统考期末）According to the latest report, that plane crash o________(发生) only minutes after take-off.
10．（2022春·广东·高一华南师大附中校考期末）And the weather f______(预报) two days ago said it would be sunny.
二、 用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．（2023秋·吉林·高一统考期末）They can ______ (threat) some native species or even destroy and replace them.
2．（2023秋·广东河源·高一校考期末）A number of people________(rescue) after the earthquake yesterday.
3．（2022春·重庆·高一校联考期末）The phenomenon ________ (occur) when the moon passes between the earth and the sun, but not quite close enough to our planet to completely cover the sun.
4．（2022春·黑龙江牡丹江·高一牡丹江市第二高级中学校考期末）They need a ______ (rely) method to decrease the divorce rate.
5．（2022春·新疆·高一兵团第一师高级中学校考期末）He will come here if____________ (ask).
6．（2022春·黑龙江哈尔滨·高一哈尔滨市第三十二中学校校考期末）When first ________ (introduce) to the market, these new products in their company enjoyed a great success.
7．（2022春·吉林长春·高一校考期末）Many kids have the habit of sucking their thumbs, which can cause lifelong problems unless ________ (treat).
8．（2022春·陕西西安·高一西安中学校考期末）He sat in silence, and said one or two words when ________(speak) to.
9．（2022春·福建福州·高一福建省福州高级中学校考期末）You shouldn’t come to his party unless ____ (invite).
10．（2022秋·广东东莞·高一东莞市东华高级中学校考期末）Take note of their contact numbers in the ________ (announce) pages.
三、单项选择
1．（2023秋·江西吉安·高一江西省泰和中学统考期末）The manager is strict and cold, but her manner _______ sets her employees at their ease.
A．immediately B．formally C．thankfully D．hopefully
2．（2023秋·广东广州·高一广州市第二中学校考期末）No matter how frequently ________, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
A．to performed B．performing C．performed D．being performed
3．（2023秋·天津南开·高一崇化中学校考期末）When facing a hard question, most people can’t give an answer __________.
A．enormously B．incredibly C．immediately D．currently
4．（2023秋·广东河源·高一校考期末）If ________the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.
A．giving B．give C．given D．being given
5．（2022春·重庆·高一重庆八中校考期末）Unless ______ to, you must not come into my office.
A．permitted B．are permitted C．being permitted D．permitting
6．（2022春·天津·高一校联考期末）We took some effective measures to change the financial condition of our company. ________, it would have got worse.
A．Otherwise B．Therefore C．Meanwhile D．However
7．（2022春·湖南邵阳·高一统考期末）I feel worried when _____the documentary.
A．to watch B．watch C．watching D．watched
8．（2022春·广东·高一华南师大附中校考期末）Father advised me not to say anything until _____ at the meeting.
A．asking B．asked C．to ask D．ask
9．（2022春·天津红桥·高一统考期末）After several ____ to climb Qomolangma, he finally reached the top of it.
A．attempts B．attacks C．chapters D．disasters
10．（2022春·广东深圳·高一统考期末）Usually the traffic is quite busy in the morning，so you need to allow ________ time to get there．
A．sufficient B．limited C．reduced D．convenient
11．（2022春·广东深圳·高一统考期末）It is reported that the recent ________ has led to more serious water shortage in this region.
A．drought B．flood C．storm D．hurricane
12．（2022春·广东江门·高一校考期末）The only thing he listened to while ________ up was Jazz music, for which he showed a particular ________.
A．grew; preference B．was growing; interest C．grown; interest D．growing; preference
13．（2022春·黑龙江牡丹江·高一牡丹江市第三高级中学校考期末）If _____ green, the door might look more beautiful.
A．paint B．painted C．to paint D．painting
14．（2022秋·北京·高一北京师大附中校考期末）China is fully capable to supply the raw materials needed to produce COVID-19 vaccines; in other words, China has a/an ________ raw material supply.
A．optional B．vital C．instant D．sufficient
15．（2022春·天津·高一校联考期末）Bicycle lanes(车道) can ______ traffic jam by separating bicycles from cars.
A．rescue B．register C．reserve D．relieve