专题11 七选五专项训练——2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末知识点精讲+训练学案（外研版2019）

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人际关系
专题11 单元主题七选五专项训练


（广东省深圳市龙华区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题）
“The Friendship Files” is my series of interviews about friendships. When this project began, I wrote, “People are at their most generous, their funniest, and their most fascinating when talking with and about their friends.” The interviews only strengthened that belief. ____1____
Build-up
____2____ Sometimes that increases slowly, as it did for two neighbors who have lived across the hall for 20 years. They’ve checked in on each other when they were sick, and split the bill of a magazine. Those moments finally added up to a friendship during the pandemic (流行病), when they opened doors to talk across the hallway and felt less alone.
Attention
Making friends can be hard, but there are more opportunities than we think. A new friend could be waiting in the comments section of an article you’re reading, or on the other side of a Google Doc. ____3____ As much as we may feel like our social networks are settled, it’s never too late to meet someone who will be important to you for the rest of your life.
Intention
Attention only gets you so far without action. When opportunity arises, put yourself out there. That requires courage to let things be awkward, which is the hardest part of friendship. ____4____ But this does not mean making friends is labor. It takes effort, but it should be a joy.
Tradition
One thing that seems to make keeping up with friends easier is tradition, like organizing a book club, a monthly hike, or a regular Dungeons & Dragons campaign. ____5____ The Dungeons & Dragons group has a shorthand (速记法) dating back 30 years ago.
A．The simplest and most obvious one is time spent together.
B．These unexpected relationships need our special attention.
C．We need to be brave to build friendship in places we never expect it.
D．Besides keeping groups close, they can give its members a shared culture.
E．It takes energy and thought, and you could feel stressed mentally and physically.
F．Healthy friendships help improve our well-being in a lot of ways, which are listed as follows.
G．Though every bond is different, there are several key forces that help form and maintain friendships.
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．B 4．E 5．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者关于友谊的一系列采访“友谊档案”中关于友谊的几个关键力量。
1．分析可知，空处为该段的总结句。前文提到“When this project began, I wrote, “People are at their most generous, their funniest, and their most fascinating when talking with and about their friends.” The interviews only strengthened that belief.”（当这个项目开始时，我写道：“人们在与朋友交谈和谈论朋友时，是最慷慨、最有趣、最迷人的。”采访只是强化了这种信念。），且根据后文中提到的各个方面可知，空处要选择一项可以进行承上启下的内容。G项提到“Though every bond is different, there are several key forces that help form and maintain friendships.”（虽然每一种关系都是不同的，但有几个关键的力量有助于形成和维持友谊。）该项符合文意。故选G。
2．后文提到“Sometimes that increases slowly, as it did for two neighbors who have lived across the hall for 20 years.”（有时，这种情况会缓慢增加，就像在对面住了20年的两个邻居一样。）由此判断，友谊是会随着时间的增长而增长，即时间在友谊中的重要性。A项“The simplest and most obvious one is time spent together.”（最简单也是最明显的一个就是花时间在一起。）该项符合文意。故选A。
3．前文提到“A new friend could be waiting in the comments section of an article you’re reading, or on the other side of a Google Doc. ”（一个新朋友可能会在你正在阅读的文章的评论区等着你，或者在谷歌Doc的另一边等着你。），后文提到“As much as we may feel like our social networks are settled, it’s never too late to meet someone who will be important to you for the rest of your life.”（尽管我们可能会觉得我们的社交网络已经稳定下来，但遇到对你余生都很重要的人永远不会太晚。），由此判断，交朋友的方式有多种多样，需要通过自己的发现去找到真正对自己而言非常重要的朋友。B项“These unexpected relationships need our special attention.”（这些意想不到的关系需要我们特别关注。）该项符合文意。故选B。
4．前文提到“That requires courage to let things be awkward, which is the hardest part of friendship.”（这需要勇气让事情变得尴尬，这是友谊最难的部分。），后文提到“But this does not mean making friends is labor. It takes effort, but it should be a joy.”（但这并不意味着交朋友是一种劳动。这需要努力，但它应该是一种乐趣。）由此判断，交朋友虽然需要投入时间和精力，但这是一件让人感觉到非常有乐趣的事情，而不是痛苦。E项“It takes energy and thought, and you could feel stressed mentally and physically.”（它需要精力和思考，你可能会感到精神和身体上的压力。）该项符合文意。故选E。
5．前文提到“One thing that seems to make keeping up with friends easier is tradition, like organizing a book club, a monthly hike, or a regular Dungeons & Dragons campaign.”（与朋友保持联系似乎更容易的一件事是传统，比如组织一个读书俱乐部，每月一次徒步旅行，或者定期参加《龙与地下城》活动。）由此判断，和朋友一起长期坚持做一件事情，并让这件事情成为你们的传统，可以使你们之间的友谊维持更长的时间。D项“Besides keeping groups close, they can give its members a shared culture.”（除了保持群体之间的亲密关系外，它们还可以为成员提供一种共享的文化。）该项符合文意。故选D。
（贵州省铜仁市2022-2023学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题）
There are some things to do with your group of friends. ____1____ They are perfect for anyone who wants to build out their social group, meet new people, or make some friends that have similar interests.
Joining a team is a good way. ____2____ Sports teams are the most common and every city and even smaller towns will have some sorts of sports leagues. If you’re athletic, you can look into soccer teams and leagues. If you prefer a more casual physical activity, there’s always something like golf.
Joining a book club is a nice way. A book club can be a great social activity for people who are a bit shy. There are even book clubs that take place entirely online. It is good to include some social interactions in your life.
Taking painting lessons, dance lessons, or some other types of group classes is a good way to meet new people. It’s not like you’re just in an empty room and asked to spend 2 hours at a table talking. ____3____
Finding volunteer work for teens. Volunteering attracts some really cool and special people. It is a great social activity. ____4____ Places that get a lot of students require certain volunteer hours. For example, an animal shelter doesn’t cost volunteers too much time.
____5____ Hopefully, the social activities for teens will inspire you to try some new things.
A．Reading will benefit the teenagers.
B．Finding a voluntary job is easy for teens.
C．There are many different teams you can join.
D．You’ll meet good folks while volunteering.
E．You’ll be learning, listening to the instructor.
F．In a word, the social skills activities are great for teens.
G．But let’s start with social activities to meet new friends.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些有助于交朋友的建议。
1．根据上文“There are some things to do with your group of friends.(有一些事情要和你的朋友们一起做)”以及后文“They are perfect for anyone who wants to build out their social group, meet new people, or make some friends that have similar interests.(它们非常适合那些想建立自己的社交团体、结识新朋友或交一些有相似兴趣的朋友的人）”可知，本句与后文构成转折关系，指出通过社交活动来认识新朋友。故G选项“但是让我们从社交活动开始认识新朋友吧”符合语境，故选G。
2．根据上文“Joining a team is a good way. (加入一个团队是一个好方法)”以及后文“Sports teams are the most common and every city and even smaller towns will have some sorts of sports leagues. If you’re athletic, you can look into soccer teams and leagues. If you prefer a more casual physical activity, there’s always something like golf.(运动队是最常见的，每个城市甚至更小的城镇都会有各种各样的体育联盟。如果你喜欢运动，你可以看看足球队和联赛。如果你喜欢更休闲的体育活动，那就打高尔夫吧)”可知，上文建议加入团体，且后文列举了不同的运动队，故C选项“你可以加入很多不同的团队”符合语境，故选C。
3．根据上文“Taking painting lessons, dance lessons, or some other types of group classes is a good way to meet new people. It’s not like you’re just in an empty room and asked to spend 2 hours at a table talking.(参加绘画课、舞蹈课或其他类型的团体课程是结识新朋友的好方法。这不像你在一个空房间里，被要求花两个小时坐在桌子旁聊天)”可知，本段的建议是参加课程来交朋友，E选项中instructor对应上文中lessons和classes。故E选项“你要学习，听老师讲课”符合语境，故选E。
4．根据上文“Finding volunteer work for teens. Volunteering attracts some really cool and special people. It is a great social activity.(为青少年寻找志愿者工作。志愿活动吸引了一些很酷很特别的人。这是一项伟大的社会活动)”以及后文“Places that get a lot of students require certain volunteer hours. For example, an animal shelter doesn’t cost volunteers too much time.(有很多学生的地方需要一定的志愿者时间。例如，动物收容所不需要志愿者花费太多时间)”可知，本段主要说明了志愿者工作可以交朋友，D选项volunteering对应上文volunteer work。故D选项“当志愿者的时候你会遇到好朋友”符合语境，故选D。
5．根据后文“Hopefully, the social activities for teens will inspire you to try some new things.(希望青少年的社交活动能激励你尝试一些新事物)”可知，本段为文章最后一段，应总结上文社交技能的作用：社交技能活动对青少年很有好处。故F选项“总而言之，社交技能活动对青少年很有好处”符合语境，故选F。
（山东省威海市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题）
Close friends have many benefits, but research shows that having “weak-tie” friendships is as valuable — or even more — as strong ones. Sociology professor Mark Granovetter published a study called “The Strength of Weak Ties” in 1973. ____1____
There are two types of “circles” when it comes to a person’s social world: the inner and outer circles. ____2____ Meanwhile, people whom we talk to but not often belong to the outer circle. Granovetter refers to them as “strong” and “weak” ties. He points out the importance of weak ties when it comes to learning new information and ideas.
Some companies design their buildings with the intention of letting people meet by chance in a specific area. For example, Pixar has a large, central hall where employees come across each other and start small talks. Scientists have also found that weak ties create a better, happier atmosphere.
____3____ On the other hand, we run out of (缺少) things to share with our friends when we get the chance to talk to them. Sometimes it’s harder to talk to people we know well because those conversations come with an emotional burden during the pandemic (流行病). But this doesn’t mean we have to stop here.
As stated in Granovetter’s work, we get more information from weak ties. Take advantage of the pandemic by asking your friends how they are. ____4____ This way, we can get ideas to figure out how we should behave. It is pointed out that right now, social media is the best replacement for small talks. Sparking a small talk is a way to show that you care without using much of your time, attention, and energy. ____5____
A．That is the secret behind “weak-tie” friendships.
B．The study makes people value close friends in another way.
C．And then ask how they’re dealing with the current situation.
D．Social interactions nowadays are limited due to the COVID-19.
E．Close friends we feel comfortable with belong to the inner circle.
F．There, he explains that weak ties are important in friendship as well.
G．Because of the COVID-19, the world has seen a change in behaviors.
【答案】1．F 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章对“弱关系”友谊进行了相关介绍。
1．根据空前“Sociology professor Mark Granovetter published a study called “The Strength of Weak Ties” in 1973.（社会学教授马克·格兰诺维特在1973年发表了一项名为“弱关系的力量”的研究。）”可知，F选项“There, he explains that weak ties are important in friendship as well.（他在书中解释说，弱关系在友谊中也很重要。）”话题一致，是对前一句的进一步说明，同时选项中的he指的就是前面提到的Mark Granovetter。故选F项。
2．根据空前“There are two types of “circles” when it comes to a person’s social world: the inner and outer circles.（在一个人的社交世界中有两种“圈子”：内部圈子和外部圈子。）”可知，E选项“Close friends we feel comfortable with belong to the inner circle.（让我们感到舒服的亲密朋友属于内部圈子。）”是对上句提到inner circles的进一步解释， inner circle也是原词复现。故选E项。
3．根据空处下句“On the other hand, we run out of (缺少) things to share with our friends when we get the chance to talk to them.（另一方面，当我们有机会和朋友聊天的时候，我们就会缺少可以和他们分享的东西。）”可知，这与D选项“Social interactions nowadays are limited due to the COVID-19.（由于新冠肺炎疫情，现在的社交活动非常有限。）”形成对比，前后话题也一致，讲述的是我们很少有机会参加社交，即使参加社交，也会缺少可以分享的东西。故选D项。
4．根据空前“Take advantage of the pandemic by asking your friends how they are. （借疫情这个机会，问问你的朋友们过得怎么样。）”可知，这与C选项“And then ask how they’re dealing with the current situation.（然后问他们是如何处理目前的情况的。）”内容一致，均是在介绍一些具体措施与方法。且选项中的they指代的就是空前的your friends。故选C项。
5．根据空前“Sparking a small talk is a way to show that you care without using much of your time, attention, and energy.（闲聊是一种不用花费你太多时间、注意力和精力就能表达你关心的方式。）”可知，A选项“That is the secret behind “weak-tie” friendships.（这就是“弱关系”友谊背后的秘密。）”是对空前的总结，空前是对“弱关系”友谊相关好处的具体介绍。故选A项。
（陕西省渭南市大荔县2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题）
Living Well with Others
A good life is one that is beneficial to living well with others, while living comfortably and honestly. However, not everyone can deal with the relationship well with others. They’re looking to explore new ways to make their life better. ___1___
Smile at those around you. It’s often been said that a smile is catching. ___2___ Studies suggest that friendly engagement (交往) with others improves happiness levels, at least in part. People are more likely to treat a smiling person better than a non-smiling person.
Help others. Studies have shown that helping others has a direct relation to individual happiness. ___3___ Volunteering to help others has been connected to better quality of life.
___4___ The golden rule is still the most important rule for getting along with others. Think of how you would like your friends to act around you. If you treat people with love and respect, they will treat you with the same.
Value your friendships with others. The quality of a person’s friendship has a direct effect upon their well-being. Friends can increase a sense of your sense of belonging and purpose. ___5___
A．Research suggests that’s true.
B．Treat others how you wish to be treated.
C．Treat others with honesty, respect and kindness.
D．When meeting someone for the first time, smile to them.
E．They will also help prevent you from developing bad habits.
F．This article will cover some ideas you may want to consider.
G．Taking time to care for others has been important to understand “the good life”.
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．G 4．B 5．E
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了与他人和睦相处的几种方法。
1．上文“However, not everyone can deal with the relationship well with others. They’re looking to explore new ways to make their life better.(然而，并不是每个人都能很好地处理与他人的关系。他们正在寻找新的方法来让他们的生活更美好)”提出人们在寻找能很好地处理与他人的关系的方法，下文给出四个建议，F项“This article will cover some ideas you may want to consider.(本文将介绍一些您可能需要考虑的想法。)”承上启下，引出下文介绍的方法，衔接自然。故选F项。
2．根据段首主题句“Smile at those around you.(对身边的人微笑。)”和上文“It’s often been said that a smile is catching.(人们常说微笑很有感染力。)”可知本段说明了微笑在人际交往中的作用。结合下文“Studies suggest that friendly engagement (交往) with others improves happiness levels, at least in part. (研究表明，与他人友好的交往至少在一定程度上提高了幸福感。)”可知，微笑的作用已被研究证明。A项“Research suggests that’s true.(研究表明这是正确的。)”承上启下，衔接自然。故选A项。
3．段首主题句“Help others.(帮助其他人)”建议要帮助他人，G项“Taking time to care for others has been important to understand ‘the good life’.(花时间关心他人对于理解“美好生活”是很重要的。)”解释了要帮助他人的原因，句中“care for others”与主题句相照应。故选G项。
4．设空处是段首主题句，根据下文“The golden rule is still the most important rule for getting along with others. Think of how you would like your friends to act around you. If you treat people with love and respect, they will treat you with the same.(黄金法则仍然是与人相处最重要的准则。想想你希望你的朋友在你身边如何表现。如果你以爱和尊重待人，别人也会以爱和尊重待人。)”可知，本段主要介绍了人际交往当中的黄金法则“你怎么对待别人，别人就会怎么对待你。”，所以B项“Treat others how you wish to be treated.(己所不欲，勿施于人。)”是本段内容的最佳概括。故选B项。
5．主题句“Value your friendships with others.(珍惜你与他人的友谊。)”提出要珍惜友谊。上文“Friends can increase a sense of your sense of belonging and purpose. (朋友可以增加你的归属感和目标感。)”提出友谊可以增加你的归属感和目标感，E项“They will also help prevent you from developing bad habits.(他们也会帮助你避免养成坏习惯。)”与上文构成并列关系，提出友谊可以让人避免养成坏习惯。两个句子说明了要珍惜友谊的原因，衔接自然。故选E。
（吉林省长春市实验中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末英语试题）
Talking to strangers during your travels can change your trip into an adventure. Here are rules of thumb to serve as your guide.
Don’t ignore your fellow tourists. When you go to some place off the beaten path, you’re likely to meet other tourists there. Find them, and ask where they would go. ____1____.
Abandon your phone. Phones often get between you and the surroundings, ruining your chances to make contact with the people you see. ____2____, take a deep breath and put it in a different pocket.
____3____. The easiest way to do this is to talk to people who are in “open roles”, such as anyone in a public service job, or a taxi driver. Or ask someone seated near you; ask where the person’s favorite street is; ask if there’s a residential area where it would be nice to take a walk.
Use a map — or none at all. ____4____. However, the truth is, sometimes those small streets are nowhere to be found with a map. So ask for directions a lot. Asking for any kind of help is the key to many doors.
Most importantly: ask good questions. ____5____. A well-turned question shows that you are really paying attention and are curious and ready to listen. A good question will get you everywhere.
A．Let strangers make your plans
B．Maps can be of great assistance
C．When the unwillingness gets in the way
D．They are going to offer quite useful advice
E．Those fellow tourists can make sense of your journey
F．Finding good questions means observing and noticing
G．If abandoning your phone isn’t practical or makes you feel insecure
【答案】1．D 2．G 3．A 4．B 5．F
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了旅行时与陌生人交谈能让旅行成为奇遇的5条经验法则。
1．根据本段主题句“Don’t ignore your fellow tourists.(不要忽视你的同行游客。)”可知，本段讲述的是不要忽视同行的旅行者，D项“They are going to offer quite useful advice(他们将提供非常有用的建议)”中的they与空前“Find them, and ask where they would go.(找到他们，问他们会去哪里。)”中的them指代内容一致，且选项 D 中的ofter与空前句子中的ask形成呼应，内容与主题相符。故选D项。
2．分析空格所在的句子结构可知，此空为英带有连词的句子或非谓语动词短语，所以C项与G项符合句式要求，根据主题句“Abandon your phone.(放弃你的手机。)”可知，本段讲述的放弃使用手机，G选项“If abandoning your phone isn’t practical or makes you feel insecure(如果放弃手机不切实际或让您感到不安全)”中的“abandoning yourphone”与其相呼应。故选G项。
3．分析篇章结构特点可知，此空为祈使句，根据空后的“The easiest way to do this is to talk to people who are in “open roles”, such as anyone in a public service job, or a taxi driver.(最简单的方法是与处于“开放角色”的人交谈，例如从事公共服务工作的任何人或出租车司机。)”可知，该段主要讲述的是旅行时，多与公开角色的人交谈，A选项“Let strangers make your plans(让陌生人制定您的计划)”符号句式要求，内容与空后内容相符。故选A项。
4．根据本段主题句“Use a map — or none at all. (使用地图 - 或者根本不使用地图。)”可知，该段讲述的内容与使用地图有关，B选项“Maps can be of great assistance(地图可以提供很大的帮助)”内容与主题相符，且与空后“However, the truth is, sometimes those small streets are nowhere to be found with a map.(然而，事实上，有时这些小街道在地图上无处可寻。)”形成转折关系，符合逻辑。故选B项。
5．根句主题句“Most importantly: ask good questions.(最重要的是：提出好的问题。)”可知，该段建议多问好问题，F选项“Finding good questions means observing and noticing(找到好问题意味着观察和注意)”中的good questions与其相符。故选F项。
（四川省绵阳市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末检测英语试题）
People all need friends because nobody wants to be lonely. A friend can help you in good and bad times. You’ve made friends since childhood. ___1___ Here are some signs to tell you if your friend is a true friend.
Always be honest
Honesty is important to keep your friendship alive. A true friend always tells you the truth. It may be hard sometimes but lying can destroy your friendship. ___2___
Always be there for you
There are always times in your life when you have problems or difficulties. A true friend will always have time to listen to your problems and give advice. ___3___ But the fact that your friend has time to listen shows he cares for you. Your friend is not a true friend if he can never make time for you when you are in trouble.
___4___
A true friend will always show respect to your ideas whether he agrees or not. Your true friend may say no to you but never insists that he is correct. A true friend sets limits with you because he cares for you and your relationship with him. These limits are also a symbol of respect for you as it can help maintain your friendship.
Always be understanding
___5___ We are all different people and we all make mistakes. A true friend is always forgiving and understanding because he doesn’t want to take the risk of losing his best friend.
A．Always be respectful
B．Always be supportive
C．However, you may still not know who your true friends are.
D．He may not be able to offer a way of solving your problems.
E．He can always help you solve your problems as quickly as possible.
F．It is possible that some problems will come up between you and your friend.
G．It is important that your friend speaks honestly and never tells lies or makes up stories.
【答案】1．C 2．G 3．D 4．A 5．F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些真正朋友所具有的品质。
1．根据上文“You’ve made friends since childhood.(你从小就有很多朋友)”以及后文“Here are some signs to tell you if your friend is a true friend.(这里有一些迹象可以告诉你，你的朋友是否是真正的朋友)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出不知道谁是真正的朋友，引出后文的方法。故C选项“然而，你可能仍然不知道谁是你真正的朋友”符合语境，故选C。
2．根据上文“Honesty is important to keep your friendship alive. A true friend always tells you the truth. It may be hard sometimes but lying can destroy your friendship.(诚实对保持友谊很重要。一个真正的朋友总是告诉你真相。有时可能很难，但谎言会毁掉你们的友谊)”可知，上文提到了诚实的重要性，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文继续说明朋友的诚实。故G选项“重要的是，你的朋友说话诚实，从不说谎或编造故事”符合语境，故选G。
3．根据上文“A true friend will always have time to listen to your problems and give advice.(真正的朋友总是有时间倾听你的问题，给你建议)”以及后文“But the fact that your friend has time to listen shows he cares for you. Your friend is not a true friend if he can never make time for you when you are in trouble.(但事实上，你的朋友有时间倾听，这表明他关心你。如果你的朋友在你有困难的时候都不能抽出时间来陪你，那他就不是真正的朋友)”可知，后文提到重要的是朋友花时间倾听，表明很关心自己，可推测本句是在说明朋友可能有时无法提供解决你问题的建议。故D选项“他可能无法提供解决你问题的方法”符合语境，故选D。
4．空处为本段小标题。根据本段内容“A true friend will always show respect to your ideas whether he agrees or not. Your true friend may say no to you but never insists that he is correct. A true friend sets limits with you because he cares for you and your relationship with him. These limits are also a symbol of respect for you as it can help maintain your friendship.(一个真正的朋友总是会尊重你的想法，不管他是否同意。真正的朋友可能会对你说不，但从不坚持自己是对的。真正的朋友会给你设限，因为他关心你以及你们之间的关系。这些限制也是对你的尊重的象征，因为这有助于维持你们的友谊)”可知，本段的主旨是朋友之间也要始终保持尊重对方。故A选项“始终保持尊重”符合语境，故选A。
5．根据后文“We are all different people and we all make mistakes. A true friend is always forgiving and understanding because he doesn’t want to take the risk of losing his best friend.(我们都是不同的人，我们都会犯错误。真正的朋友总是宽容和理解的，因为他不想冒失去他最好的朋友的风险)”可知，后文提到了都会犯错误，可见朋友之间也会出现问题。故F选项“你和你的朋友之间可能会出现一些问题”符合语境，故选F。
（湖南省永州市2022-2023学年高一上学期2月期末英语试题）
Social phobia (社交恐惧症) is an anxiety disorder with strong fear in social situations. People with social phobia feel paralyzing fear (麻痹性恐惧) when other people are around, as well as nervousness, pain or shyness.____1____
Learn to relax. People with social phobia often have what is known as anticipatory (预期的) anxiety.____2____ For this we have to learn to relax instead of anticipating the fear of the future situation.
Look for social situations. If we always avoid social situations out of fear, it is very difficult for us to be able to overcome them.____3____In this way, when a social event arrives that we want to attend or take part in, we will be better able to be comfortable in it.
____4____ Imagination can play tricks on us in social situations. In most cases you are afraid of things that have not happened or are not happening. We have to be especially careful what we think others may be thinking of us.
Be yourself. To some degree, social phobia is caused by the belief that we have to be perfect as others expect.____5____ So we do not have to focus so much on what others may think of us, but on feeling comfortable with ourselves without having to be perfect.
A．Be imaginative in dealing with social issues.
B．Social phobia may happen in various situations.
C．Make sure your imagination does not cheat you.
D．We have to learn to accept ourselves and trust ourselves.
E．In other words, they worry about the situation before it happens.
F．Next we are going to see a series of suggestions to overcome social phobia.
G．If we try to relate outside of our usual circle, we will feel more comfortable little by little.
【答案】1．F 2．E 3．G 4．C 5．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些克服社交恐惧症的建议。
1．上文“People with social phobia feel paralyzing fear when other people are around, as well as nervousness, pain or shyness.”（当有其他人在周围时，有社交恐惧症的人会感到麻痹性恐惧，紧张，痛苦或是害羞。）说明了有社交恐惧症的人面临的困境，并结合下文给出的4条具体建议可知，F项“Next we are going to see a series of suggestions to overcome social phobia.”（接下来我们将要看一些克服社交恐惧症的建议。）承上启下，衔接恰当。故选F项。
2．上文“People with social phobia often have what is known as anticipatory (预期的) anxiety.”（有社交恐惧症的人通常有所谓的预期焦虑。）中提到了新的术语“anticipatory anxiety”，E项“In other words, they worry about the situation before it happens.”（换句话说，他们在事情发生之前就开始担心。）正好通俗地解释了该术语的含义，衔接恰当。故选E项。
3．上文“If we always avoid social situations out of fear, it is very difficult for us to be able to overcome them.”（如果我们出于害怕总是避免一些社会情境，去克服它们将会非常困难。）做出了一种消极的假设，说明如果我们这样做，将不利于克服社交恐惧。G项“If we try to relate outside of our usual circle, we will feel more comfortable little by little.”（如果尝试和我们平常圈子以外的人交往，我们将会逐渐变得更加舒适自在。）做出了积极的假设，与前文形成对比，衔接恰当。故选G项。
4．下文“Imagination can play tricks on us in social situations.”（在社会情境方面，想象力可能会欺骗我们。）说明我们的想象力可能不靠谱，C项“Make sure your imagination does not cheat you”（确保你的想象力不会欺骗你。）与后文衔接一致。故选C项。
5．上文“To some degree, social phobia is caused by the belief that we have to be perfect as others expect.”（在某种程度上，社交恐惧是由于我们认为自己必须像别人期待的那样完美。）指明了引起社交恐惧的原因是我们想成为别人眼中完美的人，但其实是不必要的，D项“We have to learn to accept ourselves and trust ourselves.”（我们必须学会接受自己，信任自己。）指出了解决方式就是接受自己，相信自己，而非以他人的标准评判自己。与小标题“Be yourself.”（做你自己。）衔接恰当。故选D项。
（湖南省张家界市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题）
Don’t we all hope to understand one another better? How can you get a good idea of what kind of person your new friend is? The people around us can give a lot of information about themselves without even knowing it. They express it in the little things that they do. ____1____. So here are four small things that can tell you a lot about a person.
1. Their body language.   
Interpreting someone’s body language can be a powerful tool in helping you understand their personality, attitudes and feelings. For example, facial cues like smiling convey happiness, and biting at your lip means you’re worried or anxious, clenched fists indicate anger or frustration, crossed arms are a sign of defensiveness. ____2____.
2. The way they dress.
Another great way you can learn a lot about a person without ever talking to them is by observing the way they dress. ____3____. People wearing colorful clothes and fun patterns are usually creative and artistic types who want to express themselves through their fashion sense.
3. ____4____.    
American author Dave Berry once said, a person who is nice to you but rude to the waiter is not a nice person. The way in which you treat people of lower social status than you or people who have nothing to offer you is a telling aspect of your character. When someone is rude or disrespectful to a stranger like a barista or a server, it shows that they’re superficial and over-privileged.
4. How they make eye contact.
Appropriate eye contact is a good way for someone to signal that they’re paying attention to you and that they’re interested in what you’re saying. ____5____. Shy people also have trouble looking at someone in the eye for too long, especially if they find the other person attractive or intimidating.
It is important that we know how to assess people so we can make better decisions about them. These tips can come in handy in the dating pool, making friends, job hiring and can help you make a good first impression.
A．The way they speak
B．How they treat strangers
C．All you have to do is observe carefully
D．This is actually an amazing thing in a conversation
E．However, those who often look away during a conversation may be uncomfortable or distracted
F．Generally speaking, those who dress casually are often easygoing people who value comfort over style
G．Learning how to better read others’ body language can go a long way in helping you understand what they are thinking even if they don’t say a word to you
【答案】1．C 2．G 3．F 4．B 5．E
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种可以很好地了解别人的方法。
1．根据上文“They express it in the little things that they do.(他们从做的小事中表达出来)”可知，要想了解你的新朋友，要注意观察小事情，与C 项“All you have to do is observe carefully(你只需要仔细观察)”表达的含义一致，故选C 项。
2．根据上文“Interpreting someone’s body language can be a powerful tool in helping you understand their personality, attitudes and feelings.(领会别人的肢体语言是一种强大的工具，帮助你理解他们的性格、态度和情绪)”可知，本段讲的是理解了别人的肢体语言就能判断出他们的所思所想，与G 项“Learning how to better read others’ body language can go a long way in helping you understand what they are thinking even if they don’t say a word to you(学会如何更好地读懂别人的肢体语言能够极大地帮助你读懂他们的心思，即使他们啥都没告诉你)”表达的含义一致，故选G 项。
3．根据上文“Another great way you can learn a lot about a person without ever talking to them is by observing the way they dress.(不用谈话就能了解一个人的另一个好办法就是观察他们着装的方式)”可知，本部分讲的是从着装方式上判断对方，与F 项“Generally speaking, those who dress casually are often easygoing people who value comfort over style(总的来说，着装随意的人通常是易相处的人，他们重视着装的舒适程度而不是风格)”表达的含义一致，故选F 项。
4．根据下文“When someone is rude or disrespectful to a stranger like a barista or a server, it shows that they’re superficial and over-privileged.(当一个人对待陌生人就像是对待咖啡馆服务生或者服务人员那样粗鲁、冒犯的话，他就是肤浅的、自恃权重的人)”可知，通过对待陌生人的态度也可以很好地了解一个人，与B 项“How they treat strangers(看他们是怎么对待陌生人的)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
5．根据下文“Shy people also have trouble looking at someone in the eye for too long, especially if they find the other person attractive or intimidating.(害羞的人通常难以长时间盯着人，尤其是他们发现对方很迷人或者令人胆怯)”可知，本部分讲的是通过眼神交流判断人，但是这里讲的是避开眼神交流，故空白处表达的是与上文转折的情况，与E 项“However, those who often look away during a conversation may be uncomfortable or distracted(然而，那些在谈话中通常避开眼神交流的人通常是感到不舒服或者分心了)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。
（河南省南阳市2022-2023学年高一上学期2月期末英语试题）
Ways to maintain a long-distance friendship.
Long-distance friendship is a friendship between two people who live quite far apart-far enough that they don’t see each other on a regular basis. ____1____ . Here are some ways to keep a long-distance friendship going strong.
Stay in touch.
Social media provide many ways for us to stay in touch with our beloved ones. ____2____ Sharing photos with your friends makes them feel that you are still part of each other’s daily life, especially if it is a picture that you took for them.
____3____
Showing friends that you care about them doesn’t need expensive goods, lots of money or hours of planning. Something plain, like a card or a small gift, can mean a lot more to them than you may think. A little extra effort on your end could make their entire day.
Remain reliable.
Even though you can’t bring them ice cream and a copy of their favorite movie after they’ve had a bad day. ____4____
Visit them when possible.
Try to find an appointed time when both of you can meet and catch up as regularly as you can, whether it’s visiting each other in new homes or planning a weekend away.
Remember important dates
Anniversaries and birthdays carry weight. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, on special occasions, extra effort goes a long way. Sending a birthday card remains a popular way to send a birthday greeting. ____5____
Remember even if you’re not living next to your friends any more, it doesn’t mean your friendship has to end. Take time and effort to maintain it.
A．Starting a group chat is a great way to share your updates.
B．Let them know they can talk to you at any time will comfort them when they’re upset.
C．Buy something expensive for them,
D．The best way to maintain long-distance friendship is to arrange time for them whenever where you are or whatever you are doing.
E．Show thoughtfulness in little ways
F．So a lot of effort is required to maintain it.
G．Simply keeping a diary that records friends’ birthdays and other important dates will enable you not to miss those precious moments.
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．G
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些维持异地友谊的方法。
1．根据上文“Long-distance friendship is a friendship between two people who live quite far apart-far enough that they don’t see each other on a regular basis.(异地友谊是指两个住得很远的人之间的友谊，相隔很远，以至于他们不经常见面)”以及后文“Here are some ways to keep a long-distance friendship going strong.(这里有一些保持异地友谊牢固的方法)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出维护异地友谊需要很多努力。故F选项“所以维护它需要很多努力”符合语境，故选F。
2．根据上文“Social media provide many ways for us to stay in touch with our beloved ones.(社交媒体为我们提供了许多与我们所爱的人保持联系的方式)”以及后文“Sharing photos with your friends makes them feel that you are still part of each other’s daily life, especially if it is a picture that you took for them.(和你的朋友分享照片会让他们觉得你仍然是彼此日常生活的一部分，尤其是如果这张照片是你为他们拍摄的)”可知，后文提到了分享照片，可见本句应指出社交媒体提供的方法之一。故A选项“发起群聊是分享最新消息的好方法”符合语境，故选A。
3．空处为本段小标题。根据本段内容“Showing friends that you care about them doesn’t need expensive goods, lots of money or hours of planning. Something plain, like a card or a small gift, can mean a lot more to them than you may think. A little extra effort on your end could make their entire day.(向朋友表达你对他们的关心并不需要昂贵的商品、大量的金钱或数小时的计划。一些普通的东西，比如一张卡片或一件小礼物，对他们来说可能比你想象的要重要得多。你的一点点额外努力可能会让他们一整天都很开心)”可知，本段的主旨是在小的方面表现出体贴。故E选项“在小事上表现出体贴”符合语境，故选E。
4．根据上文“Even though you can’t bring them ice cream and a copy of their favorite movie after they’ve had a bad day.(即使你不能在他们度过糟糕的一天后给他们送冰淇淋和他们最喜欢的电影)”可知，本句是在说明如何在远方朋友心烦的时候给予安慰。故B选项“让他们知道他们可以在任何时候和你交谈，这会在他们心烦的时候安慰他们”符合语境，故选B。
5．根据上文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry weight. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, on special occasions, extra effort goes a long way. Sending a birthday card remains a popular way to send a birthday greeting.(周年纪念日和生日很有分量。尽管科技可能使日常交流成为可能，但在特殊场合，额外的努力还是大有裨益的。寄生日卡仍然是一种流行的生日问候方式)”可知，本句主要是关于如何记下重要时刻的方法。故G选项“通过记日记来记下朋友的生日和其他重要的日子，你就不会错过那些珍贵的时刻”符合语境，故选G。
（安徽省芜湖市第一中学2022～2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷）
When someone you care about has suffered a serious health event or is dealing with a life-threatening illness, it can be difficult to know what to say or do. ____1____ How can you best offer your support? These tips can help:
Offer your support. Your friend or loved one may be unwilling to ask for help, but it’s support from people like you that can make all the difference in their recovery. Offer to help with a specific task, even if it’s simply to sit with them during or after treatment. ____2____
Listen. When you talk to someone with a serious illness, it’s natural to feel awkward or not know what to say. ____3____ Allow them to express what they’re going through without judging them.
____4____ The more you know about your loved one’s diagnosis (诊断) and treatment, the better prepared you’ll be to help. But that doesn’t mean you should tell the person what they should or shouldn’t do, unless they specifically ask for your opinion or want to know what you’ve researched. Treatment decisions are finally always up to your loved one, so be supportive even if you don’t always agree.
Stay connected. ____5____ You can’t just provide support at the time of diagnosis and then let your attention go. Your support can be just as important after treatment as it is before.
A．Encourage your loved one to keep calm.
B．Some illnesses can involve long-term treatment.
C．But often what really counts is to listen to the person.
D．Educate yourself about the illness but don’t give advice.
E．All you need to do is to present your determined attitude.
F．Your loved one is likely to experience some painful feelings.
G．Sometimes, the most important thing you can do is to be there.
【答案】1．F 2．G 3．C 4．D 5．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。当你关心的人遭遇了严重的健康事件或正在应对威胁生命的疾病时，很难知道该说什么或做什么。您如何提供最好的支持？本文给出了一些建议。
1．根据上文“When someone you care about has suffered a serious health event or is dealing with a life-threatening illness, it can be difficult to know what to say or do.(当你关心的人遭受了严重的健康事件或正在处理危及生命的疾病时，可能很难知道该说什么或做什么。)”以及后文“How can you best offer your support as the closest one to them? These tips can help. (作为最接近他们的人，你怎样才能最好地提供支持?这些建议会有所帮助。)”可知，上文提到关心的人遭受疾病，F选项“Your loved one is likely to experience some painful feelings.(你的爱人可能会经历一些痛苦的感觉。)”承接上文继续举例说明这种情况，并引出下文的问题。句中“Your loved one”与上文“someone you care”相照应。故选F。
2．根据上文“Offer to help with a specific task, even if it’s simply to sit with them during or after treatment. (提供你的支持，即使只是在治疗期间或之后陪着他们。)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明如何提供支持：到场。故G选项“Sometimes, the most important thing you can do is to be there.(有时候，你能做的最重要的事情就是到场。)”。句中“be there”与上文“sit with them”相照应。符合语境，故选G。
3．根据小标题和上文“Listen. When you talk to someone with a serious illness, it’s natural to feel awkward or not know what to say.(听。当你和一个身患重病的人交谈时，感到尴尬或不知道说什么是很自然的。)”以及后文“Allow them to express what they’re going through without judging them.(允许他们表达他们正在经历的事情，不要评判他们)”可知，本段的主旨是“倾听”，C选项“But often what really counts is to listen to the person.(但通常真正重要的是倾听对方。)”符合语境，故选C。
4．下文“The more you know about your loved one’s diagnosis(诊断)and treatment, the better prepared you’ll be to help. But that doesn’t mean you should tell the person what they should or shouldn’t do, unless they specifically ask for your opinion or want to know what you’ve researched.(你对你所爱的人的诊断和治疗了解得越多，你就会准备得越好。但这并不意味着你应该告诉他们应该做什么或不应该做什么，除非他们特别询问你的意见或想知道你研究了什么。)”讲要去了解所爱的人的疾病，但只在被询问到的时候给出意见，是对D选项“Educate yourself about the illness but don’t give advice.(自己了解疾病，但不要给出建议，除非被问到。)”内容的具体说明，上下文语意连贯。故选D。
5．下文“You can’t just provide support at the time of diagnosis and then let your attention go. Your support can be just as important after treatment as it is before.(你不能只是在诊断时提供支持，然后就不去关注了。你的支持在治疗后和治疗前一样重要。)”提到不要只是在诊断时提供支持，要持续关注，B选项“Some illnesses can involve long-term treatment.(有些疾病需要长期治疗。)”给出原因，因为有些疾病需要长期治疗，上下文语意连贯。故选B。


服务他人


（河南省信阳市2022-2023学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题）
T. V. Ramakrishna knows how a good education can open doors to a better life. Growing up poor, he was lucky to have caring adults around him who helped him receive an education.
When he retired, he returned to Bangalore with his wife Vijaya. ____1____ Over the past 20 years, the foundation (基金会) has helped hundreds of poor children, especially girls. In 2009, it expanded (扩大) its programs to reach even more children in government schools and help them make their English language skills better.
“Bangalore is a very international city. ____2____, you are at a disadvantage when trying to get a good job.”said Sarva Rajendra.
The foundation introduced a spelling bee competition. Each year, around 2, 500 students take part. ____3____
“The scholarship to college is a really important prize for the children because they are from poor families. To get through and get the scholarship to the next stage is a springboard (跳板) to their future success,” said Sarva Rajcndra.
Rajendra asked filmmaker Monica Sam Tommy to produce a film about it. ____4____“We chose them randomly (随意地) and we chose them before the spelling bee took place, because we wanted to see what progress they were making,” said Sarva Rajendra.
One of those random kids was the winner. She is a girl that says to herself, “____5____, I am not only going to get myself a better future, but also my family, and through them my community.”
A．Through me making this happen
B．His daughter serves as president of the foundation
C．In 1998, he set up the Sahasra Deepika foundation for education
D．If you don’t know English and you only know the native language
E．Her film Bee The Future follows several students as they compete
F．He came to the United States to do a doctorate degree in engineering
G．Winners get college scholarship (奖学金) and other prizes and chances
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．G 4．E 5．A
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是T. V. Ramakrishna成立基金会，为学生在教育上提供帮助的事迹。
1．根据下文“Over the past 20 years, the foundation (基金会) has helped hundreds of poor children, especially girls.(在过去的20年里，该基金会帮助了数百名贫困儿童，尤其是女孩。)”可知，空格处应该说到他成立了一个基金会，C选项“In 1998, he set up the Sahasra Deepika foundation for education(1998年，他成立了Sahasra Deepika教育基金会)”，符合语境，故选C。
2．根据上文“Bangalore is a very international city.(Bangalore是一个非常国际化的城市。)”和下文“you are at a disadvantage when trying to get a good job(想找一份好工作，你处于不利地位)”推知，空格处应该说在不懂英语的话会让你在找工作时处于不利地位，D选项“If you don’t know English and you only know the native language(如果你不懂英语，你只知道母语)”和后文处于不利地位相呼应，符合语境，故选D。
3．根据上文“The foundation introduced a spelling bee competition. Each year, around, 2, 500 students take part.(基金会引入了拼写比赛。每年约有2500名学生参加。)”推知，空格处应该说比赛获胜会怎么样，G选项“Winners get college scholarship (奖学金) and other prizes and chances(优胜者将获得大学奖学金和其他奖品和机会)”符合语境，故选G。
4．根据上文“Rajendra asked filmmaker Monica Sam Tommy to produce a film about it.(Rajendra请电影制作人Monica Sam Tommy制作了一部关于它的电影。)”推知，空格处应该说这部电影的内容，E选项“Her film Bee The Future follows several students as they compete(她的电影Bee The Future讲述了几名学生的比赛)”承接上文，说明了电影的内容符合语境，故选E。
5．根据下文“I am not only going to get myself a better future, but also my family, and through them my community.(我不仅要给自己一个更好的未来，也要给我的家人，通过他们给我的社区带来美好的未来。)”推知，空处应是女孩对自己获奖的评价，A选项“Through me making this happen(是我促成了这一切)”引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
（“湖北省部分重点中学九月联合检测”2022-2023学年高二上学期9月联考英语试题）
Young Alison Teal never rode in a pushchair or played on a swing on the playground.  ______1______ She saw the view from atop a peak in Peru at just two months old on her mom’s back. They traveled the globe staying not at five-star hotels but in a six-foot-wide tent. From mountaintops to jungles, they immersed (沉浸) themselves in local nature and culture.
Between journeys they would return home to quiet part of the Big Island of Hawaii. Her front yard was the ocean, and her friends were dolphins.  ______2______ Alison would dive into the water and release a sea leaf. A dolphin would catch it on its nose and throw it to the next player. Over the years, the dolphins grew to trust Alison.  ______3______ She let them take the lead in their interactions. After studying at the University of California, Berkeley and then graduating from a film school, Alison continued her world travels. Her adventurous experience and survival skills landed her a spot on the reality show Naked and Afraid, in which she and a co-constant had to live on a deserted island for 21 days. Alison’s deep knowledge of how to live in a wildness saved the pair.  ______4______ “After that, I couldn’t ignore our plastic problem,” says Alison. “I decided to protect our greatest resource, the ocean.”
Along with sharing her mission with her Instagram followers, the conservationist gave a TED talk on her discover.  ______5______ Besides, she helped ban plastic bags in California. Her book, Alison’s Adventures: Your Passport to the World, is filled with travel tales and environment lessons. Alison believes all of us can make changes to protect the Earth.
A．How did Alison become a filmmaker?
B．What was their way of playing catch?
C．She launched a line of recycled surfboards.
D．At an early age, she began exploring the world.
E．Therefore, they approached her whenever she was in the water.
F．She was mostly home-schooled as the family traveled the globe.
G．But what shocked her was the amount of rubbish that washed up on the shore.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．G 5．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自美国的Alison Teal从小跟随父母周游世界, 当她发现海洋污染这一问题后, 决定投身于环保事业。
1．由后文“She saw the view from atop a peak in Peru at just two months old on her mom’s back. (她在秘鲁的一座山峰上看到了她母亲背上两个月大的风景)”可知，Alison Teal很小就跟着父母旅行，而D项At an early age, she began exploring the world.(在很小的时候，她就开始探索世界)符合语境。其中at an early age与后文的at just two months相呼应。故选D项。
2．由后文“Alison would dive into the water and release a sea leaf. A dolphin would catch it on its nose and throw it to the next player. (Alison会潜入水中，释放出一片海叶。海豚会用鼻子抓住它，把它扔给下一个玩伴)”可知，这里在描述Alison怎么和海豚玩，而B项What was their way of playing catch?(他们玩接球的方式是什么？)符合语境，其中catch与后文对应，且本句有启下作用。故选B项。
3．由前文“Over the years, the dolphins grew to trust Alison.(多年来，海豚逐渐信任Alison)”可知，海豚开始信任Alison。而E项Therefore, they approached her whenever she was in the water.(因此，只要她在水里，它们就会靠近她)符合语境，其中they是代前文the dolphins，前后这两句也有因果关系。故选E项。
4．由后文““After that, I couldn’t ignore our plastic problem,” says Alison. “I decided to protect our greatest resource, the ocean.” (“从那以后，我无法忽视我们的塑料问题，”艾莉森说。“我决定保护我们最重要的资源，海洋。”)”以及结合上文可知，真人秀节目使她把目标转向了环保，而G项But what shocked her was the amount of rubbish that washed up on the shore.(但令她震惊的是冲上岸的垃圾数量)符合语境。其中the amount of rubbish that washed up on the shore和后文protect our greatest resource, the ocean对应。故选G项。
5．由前文“the conservationist gave a TED talk on her discover (环保主义者就她的发现发表了TED演讲)”和后文“Besides, she helped ban plastic bags in California (此外，她还帮助禁止在加利福尼亚州使用塑料袋)”可知, 这里主要讲她为环保做出了努力。而C项She launched a line of recycled surfboards.(她推出了一系列可回收冲浪板)也是讲述她为环保作了的努力，符合语境。故选C项。
（河北省张家口市第一中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷（B））
Some ways to help and protect wildlife
There are more than 7 billion people on Earth. Imagine what will happen if every one of us is willing to do one thing — no matter how small — to protect wildlife every day. ____1____. Here are some ways to help and protect wildlife.
____2____
Take a walk and see and enjoy the wildlife all around you — the birds, reptiles and small and large mammals (哺乳动物). Spend more time outside appreciating, enjoying and learning about wildlife.
Speak up for wildlife
____3____. Call on more people to become concerned about wild animals’ survival. Share your passion for wildlife conservation (保护) with your family. Tell your friends how they can help. Ask everyone you know to stop illegal wildlife trade, wild animals used for entertainment, and much more.
Pick up litter
Picking up litter can save the life of an animal. Litter isn’t just ugly, it’s harmful. Birds and other animals can trap their heads in plastic rings. Fish can get stuck in nets. Plus, trash pollutes everyone’s natural resources. ____4____.
Donate or volunteer
When you visit your local zoos and nature reserves, pay the recommended entry fee. Your donations help maintain these conservation areas. ____5____. Many organizations and zoos have volunteer programs. You can help clean beaches, rescue wild animals or teach visitors.
A．Go outside and connect with wildlife
B．Do your part by putting trash in its place
C．Become a voice for wildlife on social media
D．Find new ways to use things you already own
E．If you don’t have money to give, donate your time
F．Learn more about our planet’s species from experts
G．Even minor actions can have a difference when we all work together
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了几种方法使我们普通人也可以为保护野生动物做出自己的微薄的贡献。勿以善小而不为。
1．根据上文“There are more than 7 billion people on Earth. Imagine what will happen if every one of us is willing to do one thing—no matter how small—to protect wildlife every day. (地球上有70多亿人。想象一下，如果我们每个人都愿意做一件事，无论多么小，每天保护野生动物，会发生什么)”可知，全球人口众多，若每个人愿意去为保护野生动物做出一点点努力，结果会怎样呢？这里含有一个疑问，G项内容当我们齐心协力时，即使是微不足道的行动也会产生影响，这给出来了问题的答案：齐心协力，就会产生很大的影响。故选G项。
2．该空为本段小标题，应该能概括第二段的主旨，根据下文“Take a walk and see and enjoy the wildlife all around you—the birds, reptiles and small and large mammals (哺乳动物). Spend more time outside appreciating, enjoying and learning about wildlife. (看看并享受你周围的野生动物——鸟类、爬行动物和大大小小的哺乳动物。花更多的时间在户外欣赏、享受和了解野生动物)”可知，建议我们走近大自然，去和小动物们近距离接触，了解他们；A项是一个表示建议的祈使句，意为走出去，接触野生动物，符合第二段内容。故选A项。
3．该空为第三段首句，一般为段落主题句。根据下文“Call on more people to become concerned about wild animals’ survival. Share your passion for wildlife conservation (保护) with your family. Tell your friends how they can help. Ask everyone you know to stop illegal wildlife trade, wild animals used for entertainment, and much more. (呼吁更多的人关注野生动物的生存。与家人分享你对野生动物保护的热情。告诉你的朋友他们可以如何帮助你。请所有你认识的人停止非法野生动物贸易，禁止将野生动物用于娱乐等等)”可知，要呼吁人们，包括身边的亲人朋友都爱护动物，为动物的生存环境呐喊发生；C项意为在社交媒体上为野生动物发声，起领下文，voice呼吁标题的speak up，及下文的call on，share，tell。故选C项。
4．根据本段小标题Pick up litter(拾起垃圾)，及空前“ Litter isn’t just ugly, it’s harmful. Birds and other animals can trap their heads in plastic rings. Fish can get stuck in nets. Plus, trash pollutes everyone’s natural resources.（垃圾不仅物丑，而且是有害的。鸟类和其他动物可以把它们的头圈住在塑料圈里。鱼可能会被困在网里。另外，垃圾污染了每个人的自然资源。）”表示生活垃圾给很多动物的生存环境造成危害，威胁着它们的生存，只有B项提到了垃圾问题，建议把垃圾放回该放的地方，以此来为保护动物尽你的一份责任。呼应上文。故选B项。
5．本段小标题Donate or volunteer建议捐款或者作志愿者。该空前“When you visit your local zoos and nature reserves, pay the recommended entry fee. Your donations help maintain these conservation areas.(当你参观当地的动物园和自然保护区时，支付推荐的入场费。你们的捐款有助于维护这些保护区)”提到donation，资金方面的贡献；空后“Many organizations and zoos have volunteer programs. (许多组织和动物园都有志愿者项目)”说了可以通过作志愿者工作尽自己的一份力。该空选E项：如果你没有钱，那就献出你的时间，承上启下，有钱出钱，没钱可以作志愿者付出时间和精力。故选E项。
（四川省雅安市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末监测英语试题）
Being a Volunteer
What can you do to help people? The answer is — to be a volunteer! ____1____Volunteering means spending time in helping others.
● Help yourself by helping others.
When you volunteer to help others, you are helping yourself. It’s amazing to know that volunteering can calm you down when you feel upset. Lots of people really enjoy volunteering, because doing volunteer work could make a big difference in their life. So where do you start? ____2____
●Things to do with family members.
Volunteering is a great way to have fun with your family. Talk to your parents, brothers, or sisters and see what they might be interested in. ____3____ You can do the things as a family like cleaning up a park and planting trees or flowers in your local community.
● ____4____
Kids can come up with their own ways to raise money or provide needed services. You can make and sell products, and donate the money. ____5____ Volunteering can also help kids learn important things about their future —— like what kinds of things they will be best at. A volunteer job can even help some kids decide what they want to do when they grow up. So what are you waiting for? Make a plan to start volunteering today!
A．Find something you all agree on.
B．Clean up a school or other public buildings.
C．Create your own opportunity for your future.
D．Volunteering can give kids a sense of responsibility.
E．Why don’t you choose to do a job you like best?
F．Then what is the common opinion of volunteering?
G．School is a good place to start if you are looking for volunteer ideas.
【答案】1．F 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了从事志愿服务的一些意义和作用。
1．根据上文“What can you do to help people? The answer is — to be a volunteer!(你能做什么来帮助别人？答案是——做一名志愿者！)”以及后文“Volunteering means spending time in helping others.(志愿服务意味着花时间去帮助别人)”可知，本句承上启下，提出人们对志愿服务的看法的问题。故F选项“那么，人们对志愿服务的普遍看法是什么？”符合语境，故选F。
2．根据上文“So where do you start?(那么从哪里开始呢？)”可知，本句应回答上文关于从哪里开始志愿服务的问题，G选项中start对应上文中start。故G选项“如果你正在寻找志愿者的想法，学校是一个很好的开始”符合语境，故选G。
3．根据上文“Volunteering is a great way to have fun with your family. Talk to your parents, brothers, or sisters and see what they might be interested in.(志愿活动是一个很好的方式与你的家人享乐。和你的父母、兄弟姐妹谈谈，看看他们可能对什么感兴趣)”以及后文“You can do the things as a family like cleaning up a park and planting trees or flowers in your local community.(你可以作为一个家庭做一些事情，比如打扫公园，在你当地的社区植树或种花)”可知，上文提到了解家人都对什么感兴趣，故本句承接上文说明在其中找到你们都认同的事情，故A选项“找到你们都认同的东西”符合语境，故选A。
4．根据后文“Volunteering can also help kids learn important things about their future — like what kinds of things they will be best at.(志愿活动还可以帮助孩子们了解关于他们未来的重要事情——比如他们最擅长什么事情)”可知，后文提到志愿活动帮助孩子了解关于他们未来的重要事情，即志愿活动可以为未来创造机会，C选项中future对应后文中future。故C选项“为你的未来创造自己的机会”符合语境，故选C。
5．根据上文“Kids can come up with their own ways to raise money or provide needed services. You can make and sell products, and donate the money.(孩子们可以想出他们自己的方式来筹集资金或提供所需的服务。你可以制作和销售产品，然后捐款)”以及后文“Volunteering can also help kids learn important things about their future — like what kinds of things they will be best at. A volunteer job can even help some kids decide what they want to do when they grow up. So what are you waiting for? Make a plan to start volunteering today!(志愿活动还可以帮助孩子们了解关于他们未来的重要事情——比如他们最擅长什么事情。志愿者工作甚至可以帮助一些孩子决定他们长大后想做什么。那你还在等什么？制定一个计划，从今天开始做志愿者！)”可知，上文提到孩子可以自己想办法来募捐，故本句承接上文说明这一行为的作用：给孩子们一种责任感。故D选项“志愿活动可以给孩子们一种责任感”符合语境，故选D。
（山东省泰安市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题）
Even when natural disasters happen far away, we feel for the people who are going through them. It can be more stressful if they happen close to home or affect people you know. ___1___ It's also good to find a way to help. When you turn your feelings into action, you can do something that matters.
You can find out what kind of help people need on the Internet. Check the website of groups like the Red Cross.  ___2___ You can join in to support their efforts.
___3___ More people-power means more help for those who need it. You could decide to do something as a family. Or you could do something at school, or with people in a community you belong to.
Plan what you'll do, and make it happen. For example, if you plan to collect supplies, you need to post a list of what to bring and when and where to drop it off. After the event, you'll need to decide how to group the things and send them to the charity (慈善机构). ___4___
No matter which way you choose, your action helps others. ___5___ Giving is good for you, too. Maybe you find a new interest in helping or service. Think about what it meant to you. You'll notice how good it feels to be part of something that matters and to know you can make a difference in someone's life.
A．Work out all the steps.
B．It's good to plan a fundraiser event.
C．You can also get others to join you.
D．It's good to talk about what's going on.
E．You can also talk about your plan with others.
F．Even small acts of kindness and giving have an effect.
G．They know what people need most and the best ways to help.
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．C 4．E 5．F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了个人如何帮助受灾群众的方法和措施。
1．根据前文“Even when natural disasters happen far away, we feel for the people who are going through them”(即使自然灾害发生在遥远的地方，我们也会同情正在经历灾害的人们)可知，此处是讲帮助经历自然灾害的人们，对应选项B中的“plan a fundraiser event”(计划一个筹款活动)，根据后文“It's also good to find a way to help”(找到帮助别人的方法也很好)中的also可知，空格处句式相同。所以选项B“计划一个筹款活动是很好的。”切合文意。故选B。
2．根据前文“Check the website of groups like the Red Cross”(看看像红十字会这样的组织的网站)和后文“You can join in to support their efforts”(你可以加入来支持他们的努力)可知，此处是指像红十字会这样的诸多组织最了解受灾人群的需求和帮助他们的方式，所以选项G“它们知道人们最需要什么和最好的帮助方式。”切合文意。故选G。
3．根据后文“More people-power means more help for those who need it”(更多人的力量意味着需要帮助的人得到更多的帮助)可知，此处是指团结其他人的力量帮助受灾群众，所以选项C“你也可以让其他人加入你。”切合文意。故选C。
4．前文“Plan what you'll do, and make it happen”(计划好你要做什么，然后执行)中的plan对应选项E“你也可以和别人谈论你的计划。”中的your plan，also表示并列关系。所以选项E切合文意。故选E。
5．前文“No matter which way you choose, your action helps others”(无论你选择哪种方式，你的行动都会帮助他人)中的“No matter which way”对应选项F中的even，后文“Giving is good for you, too”(给予对你也有好处)对应选项F中的giving，too表示空格处和后文的并列关系。所以选项F“即使是很小的善举和给予也会产生效果”切合文意。故选F。
（浙江省温州十五校联合体2020-2021学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题）
Volunteering offers vital help to people in need and the community. ______1______. Volunteering can help you find friends, learn new skills, and even advance your career.
Volunteering can connect you to others. ______2______ Unpaid volunteers are often the glue (黏合剂). They hold a community together. Volunteering helps meet new people for a newcomer. Dedicating your time as a volunteer helps you make new friends, expand your network, and boost your social skills.
______3______Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skill. You can also gain new skills through it. For example, you could learn nursing skills by volunteering at a nursing home. ______4______ Many volunteering opportunities provide extensive training so that volunteers can gain more professional skills.
Volunteering can advance your career. If you’re considering a new career, volunteering can help you get experience in your area of interest and meet people in the field. Even if you’re not planning on changing careers, volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice important skills used in the workplace, such as teamwork, communication, problem solving, project planning, task management, and organization. ______5______
A．Volunteering can reduce depression.
B．Volunteering can increase your skills.
C．It can be hard to find time to volunteer.
D．But the benefits can be even greater for you, the volunteer.
E．One of the benefits of volunteering is the impact on the community.
F．Just because volunteer work is unpaid does not mean the skills you learn are basic.
G．You might feel more comfortable at work once you’ve learned these skills in volunteering.
【答案】1．D 2．E 3．B 4．F 5．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。说明了志愿活动给志愿者带来的益处。
1．上文“Volunteering offers vital help to people in need and the community. （志愿活动为需要帮助的人和社区提供了至关重要的帮助）”说明了志愿活动对于接受帮助者的好处。而下文“Volunteering can help you find friends, learn new skills, and even advance your career.（志愿活动可以帮助你找到朋友，学习新技能，甚至促进你的职业发展）”说明志愿活动对于提供帮助者的好处,由此推知，横线处有转折之意。D选项“But the benefits can be even greater for you, the volunteer.（但对你这个志愿者来说，好处可能更大）”符合此处语境。故选D项。
2．根据“Volunteering can connect you to others.（志愿活动可以把你和别人联系起来）”判断，本段说明了志愿活动在进行联系方面的益处。根据下文“They hold a community together.”可知，此处表示志愿活动对于社区的好处。E选项中的“community”与下文的“hold a community together”对应。E项“志愿活动的好处之一就是给社区带来影响”符合文意。故选E项。
3．空处为本段的主旨句。根据下一句“Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skill. （志愿活动给你机会练习和发展你的社交技能）”并结合下文可知，本段说明志愿活动中，志愿者能增长自己的技能。B选项“Volunteering can increase your skills.（志愿活动可以提高你的技能）”符合此处语境。故选B项。
4．根据前文和下一句“Many volunteering opportunities provide extensive training so that volunteers can gain more professional skills.（许多志愿工作机会提供广泛的培训，使志愿者可以获得更多的专业技能）”可知，通过志愿者活动，我们不但可以获得基本技能，也能够得到专业的技能。F选项中的“basic”与下一句中的“professional skills”对应。F项“志愿工作室无偿的并不意味着你学的是基本技能”符合文意。故选F项。
5．本句为本段的总结句。根据本段首句“Volunteering can advance your career. ”（志愿活动可以促进你的职业发展）可知，本段说明志愿活动对于发展自身事业的好处。空前“ Even if you’re not planning on changing careers, volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice important skills used in the workplace, such as teamwork, communication, problem solving, project planning, task management, and organization.”（即使你不打算换工作，志愿活动也能给你提供练习工作中常用技能的机会，例如：团队合作、交流、解决问题、项目计划、任务管理和组织）具体说明志愿活动能带来的具体技能。G选项“You might feel more comfortable at work once you’ve learned these skills in volunteering.（一旦你在志愿活动中学会了这些技能，你在工作中可能会感觉更舒服）”对上句进行总结。且“these skills”与上文提到的具体技能对应。故选G项。


科技发展


（四川省凉山彝族自治州2022-2023学年高一上学期期末检测英语试题）
Technology sometimes goes wrong. And the more you use technology, the more you know it can go wrong. Sometimes a printer will not print. Sometimes an app will crash. Tech troubles can drive users crazy. It’s useless for you to scream, throw the device against the wall, or cry. Instead, you are able to solve the problem by yourself. ____1____
Search the web
Learn about your tech problem on a search website, such as Google. See what others have experienced. ____2____ If your issue is about recent tech, such as a software update, be sure to look for the most recent expert articles. Tech tips from years ago may not help.
Check connection speed
____3____ At this moment, be sure to check your Internet connection speed first. You may think something is wrong with your device, but actually your network is just slow.
Update
Check for update to make sure you have the most recent version of apps and softwares. You might be experiencing a problem from a bug (故障) that has been fixed in an update. ____4____
____5____
When your computer, phone or tablet is having problems, simply turn it off. Sometimes, software or app updates make your device turned off and restarted to work properly.
Ask the developer
Contact the developer of the app or software. If they do not have the answer, they still will be glad to know the problem exists.
A．Restart
B．Close apps
C．Find expert articles about solving the problem.
D．Read ads to see if you can find information about your issues.
E．Maybe you find that downloading and updating are moving slowly.
F．You just need to update your apps or softwares to the latest version to solve it.
G．Here are several tips for you to solve some common tech problems on your own.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．E 4．F 5．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何解决一些技术故障。
1．空前说“Instead, you are able to solve the problem by yourself.(相反，你可以自己解决问题。)”，说明自己是可以解决问题的，接下来就应该说自己怎么解决，由空后黑体的小标题可知，下面要介绍的是一些方法，因此空格处应该说“下面有些方法可以帮你自己动手解决问题”，G选项“Here are several tips for you to solve some common tech problems on your own.(这里有一些技巧，可以帮助你自己解决一些常见的技术问题。)”说明下面有些办法帮你解决问题，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
2．空前说“Learn about your tech problem on a search website, such as Google. See what others have experienced.(在搜索网站（如谷歌）上了解您的技术问题。看看别人的经历。)”，说明你应该上网搜索，空后说“If your issue is about recent tech, such as a software update, be sure to look for the most recent expert articles.(如果你的问题是关于最近的技术，比如软件更新，一定要查找最新的专家文章。)”，说明要搜专家文章，C选项“Find expert articles about solving the problem.(找到解决问题的专家文章。)”说明了要在网上找专家文章，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
3．本段小标题是“Check connection speed(检查网速)”，说明本段要讲的内容和网速有关，空后说“At this moment, be sure to check your Internet connection speed first. You may think something is wrong with your device, but actually your network is just slow.(在这个时候，一定要先检查你的网络连接速度。你可能认为你的设备出了问题，但实际上你的网络很慢。)”，说明你遇到的问题可能是网速慢，E选项“Maybe you find that downloading and updating are moving slowly.(也许你发现下载和更新速度缓慢。)”说明了可能发现的问题是网速慢，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
4．空前说“Check for update to make sure you have the most recent version of apps and softwares. You might be experiencing a problem from a bug (故障) that has been fixed in an update.(检查更新以确保你有最新版本的应用程序和软件。您可能遇到了更新中已修复的错误所导致的问题。)”，说明你要更新软件，F选项“You just need to update your apps or softwares to the latest version to solve it.(你只需要将你的应用程序或软件更新到最新版本就可以解决这个问题。)”说明了要更新软件来解决问题，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
5．空格处是本段小标题，由空格下方的“When your computer, phone or tablet is having problems, simply turn it off. Sometimes, software or app updates make your device turned off and restarted to work properly.(当你的电脑、手机或平板电脑出现问题时，只要把它们关掉就行了。有时，软件或应用程序更新会让你的设备关闭并重新启动才能正常工作。)”可知，本段讲的方法是重新启动，A选项“Restart(重新启动)”说明了要重新启动，因此可作为小标题，故选A。
（广东省广州市越秀区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末联考英语试卷）
How to improve body and mind at home
To most Chinese people, the 2020 Lunar New Year has been quite different from any previous Spring Festival because of the corona virus outbreak. No more large family gatherings or visits. Thanks to social media, computer games and online TV series and movies, staying inside is easier than in years past. ____1____.  Here are some activities you could try to get away from the screen for a while.
Read books
If you choose a good book, it can help you enjoy a whole day at home. The ability of your brain to process words could be greatly improved through reading. And your vocabulary could he enlarged as well. Personally, paper copies are recommended. ____2____ .
____3____
You don’t have to be Wang Xizhi. the well-known Chinese calligrapher, before starting to practice your calligraphy. Everyone can pick up a brush and write something, even if it may look very ugly at first. But the point of such practice is not to write beautiful characters.____4____ . One good option to start with is copying classic texts.
Practice yoga or tai chi
____5____. Many Chinese people, especially women, are crazy for yoga. Now is a good time to practice yoga every day to make your body more flexible. Likewise, you can try tai chi, which can improve both mind and body.
A．Copy classic texts
B．Practice calligraphy
C．It’s about enhancing your ability to calm down and focus
D．The touch and smell of real paper has no digital replacement
E．While improving your mind, your body should not be neglected
F．For example, copies of the Dunhuang Mogao caves are a good choice
G．But too much media entertainment could be a burden to both the mind and eyes
【答案】1．G 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．E
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章就在家里如何远离电子产品，改善身心提出建议。
1．上文“Thanks to social media, computer games and online TV series and movies, staying inside is easier than in years past.(多亏了社交媒体、电脑游戏、网络电视剧和电影，宅在家里比过去容易多了)”提出媒体娱乐带来好处，下文“Here are some activities you could try to get away from the screen for a while.(这里有一些你可以暂时远离屏幕的活动)”却提出远离屏幕，上下文有转折关系，G项“But too much media entertainment could be a burden to both the mind and eyes GDBCE(但是过多的媒体娱乐可能会对心灵和眼睛造成负担)”承上启下，给出远离屏幕的原因，引出下文。故选G项。
2．上文“If you choose a good book, it can help you enjoy a whole day at home. The ability of your brain to process words could be greatly improved through reading. And your vocabulary could he enlarged as well. Personally, paper copies are recommended. (如果你选择一本好书，它可以帮助你在家里享受一整天。你的大脑处理文字的能力可以通过阅读得到极大的提高。你的词汇量也可以扩大。就我个人而言，推荐纸质书)”提出要读书，并推荐读纸质书，D项“The touch and smell of real paper has no digital replacement (真正纸张的触感和气味是数码产品无法替代的)”解释了作者推荐读纸质书的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
3．设空句是段首小标题，根据段中“You don’t have to be Wang Xizhi. the well-known Chinese calligrapher, before starting to practice your calligraphy. Everyone can pick up a brush and write something, even if it may look very ugly at first. But the point of such practice is not to write beautiful characters.(你不必成为王羲之。在开始练习你的书法之前。每个人都可以拿起毛笔写点什么，即使一开始看起来很难看)”可知，作者在本段中推荐练习书法，所以B项“Practice calligraphy(练习书法)”是最佳标题。故选B项。
4．上文“But the point of such practice is not to write beautiful characters.(但这样做的目的不是为了写漂亮的字)”指出练习书法的目的不是为了写漂亮的字，C项“It’s about enhancing your ability to calm down and focus (这是关于提高你冷静和集中注意力的能力)”给出练习书法的真正目的，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
5．根据小标题“Practice yoga or tai chi(练习瑜伽或太极)”可知，本段建议进行身体上的锻炼，E项“While improving your mind, your body should not be neglected (在改善你的思想的同时，你的身体也不应该被忽视)”中“improving your mind”照应第二、三段中关于通过读书和练字来改善你的思想的建议，用“your body should not be neglected”引出下文练习瑜伽或太极的内容，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
（福建省厦门市2022-2023学年高一上学期2月期末英语试题）

You've probably noticed that new emoji show up on your phone every year. ____1____This year is no different. If you have an Android device, you may have used a new emoji such as a melting face. Other devices, such as Apple products, will have these now emoji soon.
The updates come from a California-based nonprofit called Unicode Consortium. Each year. the emoji committee releases (发布) new emoji that will update the existing keyboard._____2_____ “It's important for people to understand that we're not inventing language and that it's really the people who create it and are inventive,” says Jennifer Daniel, chair of the committee.
_____3_____He created emoji because the mobile phone company where he worked offered email communications that were limited to 250 characters and emoji are only one character each but can be used to say more. Emoji have since become popular around the world.
Anyone is allowed to make a proposal for a new emoji. Unicode get proposals in lots of different languages from around the world. If the proposal is strong enough, Unicode will accept it____4____
The process does not simply involve coming up with something that doesn't have an emoji representing it. An emoji idea has to meet certain criteria (标准). These criteria include its uniqueness, whether it can be used with existing emoji and whether it can have lots of meanings. ____5____You can pair it with many other emoji to express how you are feeling. Additionally, this emoji has adopted many meanings.
A．The keyboard has acquired more than 3.600 emoji characters.
B．Emoji aren't tied to any language or any region of the world.
C．But it's not the organization coming up with these new characters.
D．And it can take up to two years to create and release the new emoji.
E．The “tears of joy” emoji, for example, is special and easy to identify.
F．The first emoji keyboard was created by the designer Shigetake Kurita.
G．For example, the ninja emoji was introduced in 2020, or the yawning face in 2019.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．D 5．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了手机表情符号，以及它被发明创造的过程和起源。
1．上文“You've probably noticed that new emoji show up on your phone every year.”（你可能已经注意到，手机上每年都会出现新的表情符号。）引出话题，提到表情符号。下文“This year is no different.”（今年也不例外。）说明今年也出现了很多表情符号。故可推知空格处内容与此相关，结合选项G项For example, the ninja emoji was introduced in 2020, or the yawning face in 2019.（例如，忍者表情符号是在2020年推出的，打哈欠表情符号是在2019年推出的。）为上文内容的具体举例说明，也是引起下文，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选G项。
2．上文“Each year, the emoji committee releases new emoji that will update the existing keyboard.”（表情符号委员会每年都会发布新的表情符号来更新现有的键盘。）提到每年都会发布新的表情符号来更新现有的键盘。下文“It's important for people to understand that we're not inventing language and that it's really the people who create it and are inventive,” says Jennifer Daniel, chair of the committee.”（该委员会主席詹妮弗•丹尼尔(Jennifer Daniel)表示：“重要的是，要让人们明白，语言不是我们发明的，真正创造语言的是人们，而且他们很有创造力。”）提到语言不是我们发明的，真正创造语言的是人们。和上文意思形成转折，故可推断空格处内容为和上文内容的语意转折。结合选项C项But it's not the organization coming up with these new characters.（但并不是这个组织想出了这些新角色。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
3．根据下文“He created emoji because the mobile phone company where he worked offered email communications that were limited to 250 characters and emoji are only one character each but can be used to say more.”（他创造了表情符号，因为他工作的移动电话公司提供的电子邮件通信仅限于250个字符，而表情符号每个只有一个字符，但可以用来表达更多的意思。）可知，讲的是具体某人创造了表情符号。结合选项F项The first emoji keyboard was created by the designer Shigetake Kurita.（第一个表情键盘是由设计师栗田重武(Shigetake Kurita)发明的。）可知，和下文内容相关，下文中的He指的就是该句中提到的人物Shigetake Kurita。下文是空格处内容的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
4．根据上文“Anyone is allowed to make a proposal for a new emoji.”（任何人都可以为新的表情符号提出建议。）提到新的表情符号。结合选项D项And it can take up to two years to create and release the new emoji.（新表情符号的创建和发布可能需要两年的时间。）也是讲的新表情符号相关的内容，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
5．上文“These criteria include its uniqueness, whether it can be used with existing emoji and whether it can have lots of meanings.”（这些标准包括它的独特性，它是否可以与现有的表情符号一起使用，以及它是否有很多含义。）说明这些标准包括它的独特性。下文“You can pair it with many other emoji to express how you are feeling.”（你可以将它与许多其他表情符号搭配来表达你的感受。）可知，讲的是与许多其他表情符号搭配使用。故可推断空格处内容为具体介绍的例子。结合选项E项The “tears of joy” emoji, for example, is special and easy to identify.（例如，“喜极而泣”的表情符号很特别，也很容易识别。）符合此推断，为具体介绍一个表情符号的特点，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选E项。
（江苏省淮安市2022-2023学年高一上学期2月期末英语试题）
The health benefits of gardening
Someone argues that it wastes trouble and time to plant and grow things just for some vegetables and flowers. However, it offers us a lot. ___1___ There are also more advantages.
It’s a fun workout. It’s wonderful to get out in the garden on a beautiful day. Planting seeds, pulling up weeds and other gardening tasks actually provide a whole-body workout for adults over 65 years old. ___2___ Thus, it might keep your interest longer than traditional exercise.
It sharpens your mind. ___3___ Researchers once measured the part of brain related to memory and found the participants, all seniors, had their levels of memory increased greatly after they created a vegetable garden.
It benefits your heart and weight. Gardening can contribute to reducing the risk of a heart attack by 30 percent. That is because “playing in the dirt” helps reduce stress. In addition, one goal of doing exercises is to stay in shape. ___4___ According to an American research, gardeners have a significantly lower the risk of being overweight or obese than non-gardeners.
___5___ An experiment conducted by NASA found that planting and nurturing seeds improved astronauts’ moods and eased their stress in the outer space. Since gardening can do that for astronauts, it can also benefit us.
A．It lifts your spirit.
B．It is a professional practice.
C．Gardening can help achieve it.
D．Gardening provides a workout for your brain.
E．Young children, even adults, enjoy playing in the dirt.
F．Even better, whatever your age, it is an activity with a potential harvest.
G．Working in a garden can improve your immune system, helping you stay fit.
【答案】1．G 2．F 3．D 4．C 5．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述做园艺工作的好处。
1．上文“However, it offers us a lot.(然而，它为我们提供了很多)”提到园艺有很多好处，结合下文中“There are also more advantages.(还有更多的优势)”可知，空处应是提及了园艺的其中一个好处，G项“在花园里工作可以提高你的免疫系统，帮助你保持健康”符合语境。故选G。
2．上文“Planting seeds, pulling up weeds and other gardening tasks actually provide a whole-body workout for adults over 65 years old.(播种、拔草和其他园艺工作实际上为65岁以上的成年人提供了一种全身锻炼)”提到做园艺工作可以为65岁以上的人提供全身锻炼，结合下文“Thus, it might keep your interest longer than traditional exercise.(因此，它可能比传统的锻炼更能保持你的兴趣)”可知，园艺比传统的锻炼更能保持兴趣，因此空处应是提及园艺除提供锻炼以外的好处，F项“更好的是，无论你年龄多大，这都是一项有潜在收获的活动”符合语境。故选F。
3．根据本段主题句“It sharpens your mind.(它使你的头脑变得敏锐)”可知，本段主要讲述园艺对大脑的好处，D项“园艺可以锻炼你的大脑”符合语境，故选D。
4．上文“In addition, one goal of doing exercises is to stay in shape.(此外，做运动的一个目标是保持体形)”提到运动的其中一个目标是保持体形，根据下文“According to an American research, gardeners have a significantly lower the risk of being overweight or obese than non-gardeners.(根据美国的一项研究，园艺工作者比不园艺的人超重或肥胖的风险要低得多)”可知，园艺工作者超重或肥胖的风险更低，所以园艺有助于实现保持体形的目标，C项“园艺可以帮助实现这一目标”符合语境，C项中的“it”指代上文的“to stay in shape”。故选C。
5．空处是主题句，根据本段内容“An experiment conducted by NASA found that planting and nurturing seeds improved astronauts’ moods and eased their stress in the outer space. Since gardening can do that for astronauts, it can also benefit us.(美国宇航局进行的一项实验发现，种植和培育种子可以改善宇航员的情绪，缓解他们在外太空的压力。既然园艺可以为宇航员做这些，它也可以使我们受益)”可知，本段主要讲述园艺可以改善情绪，A项“它能振奋你的精神”符合语境，故选A。
（湖南省益阳市2022-2023学年高一上学期2月期末英语试题）
Water is very important to us. It’s the source of life. We use it to cook, make electricity, put out fire and so on.___1___
Water might protect against cancer and heart disease
It helps convey nutrition, hormones and proteins around the body, and messages to the nervous system. In fact, a US study found that men who drank six 250ml glasses of water a day halved their risk of bladder cancer, while other research found it also lowers women’s risk of a heart attack.
___2___
Some research has suggested that drinking water can help you burn calories and become slimmer. At the very least, it will make you feel full and inspire your energy. Both hunger and tiredness might be signs of dehydration, as are headaches.
Swimming’s a great no-sweat exercise
Not only does swimming provide a full-body workout, reduce stress and improve your energy,  it’s also a sport that won’t leave you sweaty.___3___
Canoeing calms you down
Like swimming, canoeing is a low-impact sport._____4_____But another benefit is paddling on peaceful water has a calm quality and can relieve stress.
For pain and stress, a bath is best
Taking a warm bath will comfort aching muscles and make you feel relaxed. Even better, a review of research from Coventry University found that a regular hot bath can take the place of exercise without having to lift a finger! It can reduce blood pressure, blood glucose and inflammation.
Boost your immune system with a shower
Not only will a shower get you cleaner than a bath, but it might have the added advantage of strengthening immunity from illness.___5___
A．It’s great for your arms and legs.
B．Water might help you lose weight.
C．It might help you recover from dehydration.
D．But it will also save a lot of water compared to taking a bath.
E．That’s because the water surrounding your body will keep you cool.
F．In addition to the function of it in our daily life, it’s important to our health.
G．A Dutch study found people taking showers had fewer sick days from work.
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．E 4．A 5．G
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了水对健康的作用。
1．根据上文“Water is very important to us. It’s the source of life. We use it to cook, make electricity, put out fire and so on.(水对我们很重要。它是生命的源泉。我们用它来做饭，发电，灭火等等)”以及下文“Water might protect against cancer and heart disease(水可以预防癌症和心脏病)”可知，上文提到水在日常生活中的用处，后文提到了水对健康的作用，由此推知，空处内容应引出下文。故F选项“除了在日常生活中的作用外，它对我们的健康也很重要”符合语境，故选F。
2．空处为本段小标题。根据本段内容“Some research has suggested that drinking water can help you burn calories and become slimmer. At the very least, it will make you feel full and inspire your energy. Both hunger and tiredness might be signs of dehydration, as are headaches.(一些研究表明，喝水可以帮助你燃烧卡路里，变得更苗条。至少，它会让你有饱腹感，激发你的能量。饥饿和疲劳都可能是脱水的迹象，头痛也是)”可知，后文提到喝水可以帮助你燃烧卡路里，变得更苗条，即水可以帮助减肥。故B选项“水可能帮助你减肥”符合语境，可以概括本段内容。故选B。
3．空处位于段末，应承接上。根据上文“Not only does swimming provide a full-body workout, reduce stress and improve your energy,  it’s also a sport that won’t leave you sweaty.(游泳不仅能锻炼全身，减轻压力，提高你的能量，它也是一项不会让你出汗的运动)”推知，空处可能解释不会出汗的原因。故E选项“那是因为你身体周围的水会让你保持凉爽”符合语境，故选E。
4．根据上文“Like swimming, canoeing is a low-impact sport.(和游泳一样，皮划艇是一项低强度的运动)”以及后文“But another benefit is paddling on peaceful water has a calm quality and can relieve stress.(但另一个好处是，在平静的水面上划水可以让人平静，缓解压力)”可知，本句与下文并列解释皮划艇的好处。故A选项“它对你的胳膊和腿很有好处”符合语境，故选A。
5．根据上文“Not only will a shower get you cleaner than a bath, but it might have the added advantage of strengthening immunity from illness.(淋浴不仅会让你比泡澡更干净，而且它可能还有一个额外的好处，那就是增强对疾病的免疫力)”可知，淋浴可以增强免疫力，少生病。故G选项“荷兰的一项研究发现，洗澡的人请病假的天数更少”符合语境，故选G。
（云南省大理白族自治州2022-2023学年高一上学期2月期末英语试题）
There is no single road to improving your memory. That means it’s important to include many different brain enhancing habits in your daily routine. Memory improvement shouldn’t be a burden, but it does require a little time and effort on your part.___1___
Brain Games Training. Keeping your memory sharp can be fun. There are free online brain games on the Internet that you can play anytime. No registering, no logging in.___2___These games improve memory, attention, concentration, and more.
___3___. A quick example: To memorize that “Atlanta” is the capital of Georgia, imagine an ant landing on George Washington’s head. “Ant Land On + George” = Atlanta, Georgia! These visualization methods can be used to memorize lists, vocabulary, reading material, people’s names, math formulas, or any other type of information.
Fish Oil-The New Memory Fix. Do you or someone you know have problems concentrating? An Omega-3 deficiency (缺乏) sometimes causes this problem.___4___. In one study in Britain, school children with poor concentration and memory who received Fish Oil vitamins showed a big improvement in behavior and school performance.
Grow New Brain Cells. Amazingly, it is possible to grow new brain cells in the memory center of your brain. ___5___.According to research，intense aerobic(有氧的)exercise(such as running，biking，etc.) stimulates the growth of cells in the brain’s hippocampus(海马体).
A．Memory Techniques
B．Vocabulary division
C．Just go to the game page and start playing
D．Here are just a few of the great memory improvement tips
E．Because modern diets often don’t provide enough of this nutrient
F．Take steps along these paths, you are able to boost your memory in scientific ways
G．So the person you know who has the mentioned symptom must take in more Omega-3
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．F
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文围绕提升记忆力这一主题介绍了几种方法，即接受脑部训练、使用记忆技巧、补充提升脑力相关的营养、和通过一些方法有效增加脑细胞。
1．根据上文“Memory improvement shouldn’t be a burden, but it does require a little time and effort on your part.(提高记忆力不应该是一种负担，但它确实需要你花一点时间和精力。)”以及下文“Brain Games Training. Fish Oil-The New Memory Fix. Fish Oil-The New Memory Fix.(脑力游戏训练。鱼油——修复记忆的新方法。鱼油——修复记忆的新方法。)”可知，根据本空前语句主要说明了有很多生活习惯都可以增强记忆力，只是这些促进性的习惯是需要一些时间精力的，又结合下文有多个小标题可知此处应该选择具有承上启下作用的选项，因此D项是段落间承上启下句“Here are just a few of the great memory improvement tips(下面是一些提高记忆力的好方法)”符合语境。故选D项。
2．根据上文“There are free online brain games on the Internet that you can play anytime. No registering, no logging in.(网上有免费的益智游戏，你可以随时玩。不注册，不登录。)”以及下文“These games improve memory, attention, concentration, and more.(这些游戏可以提高记忆力、注意力、集中力等等。)”可知，不需要过多步骤就可以进行益智类游戏，因此C项“Just go to the game page and start playing(只要进入游戏页面就可以开始玩了)”符合语境。故选C项。
3．根据第三段的“example，‘imagine an ant landing on George Washington’s head．’Ant Land On + George’=Atlanta，Georgia”(例如，想象一只蚂蚁落在乔治·华盛顿的头上。“Ant Land On + George”=佐治亚州亚特兰大)”和后面提及的“These visualization methods(这些可视化方法)”可知道本段主要介绍的是记忆技巧，又结合本段末尾的“memorize lists，vocabulary，reading material，people’s names，math formulas，or any other type of information(记住列表、词汇、阅读材料、人名、数学公式或任何其他类型的信息)”，可以排除片面的B选项，因此A项“Memory Techniques”符合语境。故选A项。
4．根据上文“An Omega-3 deficiency (缺乏) sometimes causes this problem.(Omega-3缺乏有时会导致这个问题。)”以及下文“In one study in Britain, school children with poor concentration and memory who received Fish Oil vitamins showed a big improvement in behavior and school performance.(在英国的一项研究中，注意力不集中、记忆力差的学生在服用鱼油维生素后，行为和学业表现都有了很大的改善。)”可知，逗号后的内容应解释为什么会产生这种营养素的缺乏，E项“Because modern diets often don’t provide enough of this nutrient(因为现代饮食通常不能提供足够的这种营养)”，符合语境。故选E项。
5．根据上文“Amazingly, it is possible to grow new brain cells in the memory center of your brain.(令人惊讶的是，在你大脑的记忆中心生长新的脑细胞是可能的。)”以及下文“According to research，intense aerobic(有氧的)exercise(such as running，biking，etc.) stimulates the growth of cells in the brain’s hippocampus(海马体).(据研究，高强度的有氧运动(如跑步、骑自行车等)能刺激大脑海马体细胞的生长)”可知，通过运动可以促进海马体脑细胞生长，填空处需要介绍一些具体的方法促进记忆力,因此F项“Take steps along these paths, you are able to boost your memory in scientific ways(沿着这些路径走几步，你就能以科学的方式提高记忆力)”，符合语境。故选F项。
（广东省江门市蓬江区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末调研英语试题）
You’re primarily left-handed if you use your left hand for most activities — even if you tend to write with your right hand. Historically, there used to be a social prejudice against lefties (左撇子) . ____1____ But no evidence has suggested lefties are at any sort of physical or psychological disadvantage.
It’s estimated that 8 to 15 percent of the adult population is left-handed. Of course, we now know that handedness is determined by genetics and random chance. What we’re just learning, however, is far more interesting. ____2____
Lefties may be quicker thinkers. According to an Australian study published in 2006, left-handed people tend to have faster connections between the right and left sides of the brain. ____3____ It accordingly leads to quicker and more efficient information processing.
____4____ While less than 15 percent of the general population is left-handed, 25 percent of Major League Baseball players are lefties. Studies have found that lefties seem to have a real advantage in interactive sports, such as boxing, fencing, and baseball. It’s possibly because lefties are able to throw off right-handed opponents who are used to going up against other righties.
Emotions seem to be arranged differently depending on handedness. ____5____ That might help to explain why lefties seem to have higher rates of depression and certain other mood disorders.
A．Lefties have the upper hand in some sports.
B．Lefties experience the world in a different way.
C．In fact, there’s nothing special about the left-handed.
D．So they can use both sides of their brain more easily.
E．Lefties are more likely to have certain health problems.
F．Even schools once tried to break left-handed students of their “bad habit” .
G．For lefties, feelings is more likely to come from the right side of the brain.
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．G 4．A 5．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述虽然惯用手是由基因和随机机会决定的，但是左撇子以不同的方式体验世界。
1．上文“Historically, there used to be a social prejudice against lefties (左撇子).(从历史上看，过去社会对左撇子有偏见)”提到社会对左撇子有偏见，F项“甚至学校也曾试图改掉左撇子学生的‘坏习惯’”即是对左撇子有偏见的表现，符合语境。故选F。
2．上文“What we’re just learning, however, is far more interesting.(然而，我们刚刚了解到的东西要有趣得多)”提到刚了解到的信息很有趣，空处应是具体阐述是什么有趣的信息，结合下文讲述了左撇子的不同之处可知，B项“左撇子是以不同的方式体验世界”符合语境，故选B。
3．根据下文“It accordingly leads to quicker and more efficient information processing.(因此，它导致更快和更有效的信息处理)”可知，空处是阐述左撇子能更快速处理信息的原因，G项“对于左撇子来说，感觉更可能来自大脑的右半部分”符合语境，故选G。
4．根据本段中“Studies have found that lefties seem to have a real advantage in interactive sports(研究发现，左撇子似乎在互动运动中具有真正的优势)”可知，本段主要讲述左撇子在一些运动中占优势，A项“左撇子在某些运动中占优势”符合语境。故选A。
5．根据下文“That might help to explain why lefties seem to have higher rates of depression and certain other mood disorders.(这可能有助于解释为什么左撇子患抑郁症和某些其他情绪障碍的几率更高)”可知，空处应是阐述左撇子患抑郁症和某些其他情绪障碍的几率更高的原因，指出下文That的指代内容，E项“左撇子更容易出现某些健康问题”符合语境，故选E。
（福建省龙岩市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题）
How your relationships affect your life expectancy(预期寿命)
You probably know that things like diet and alcohol drinking affect your life expectancy, but what about relationships? ____1____
While our relationships offer us so many gifts like companionship, laughter, fun and joy, they offer us so much more than that. Our relationships quite literally give us life.
____2____
Social integration(融合) is related to greater life satisfaction, better health and increased life expectancy. People with wide social networks are more likely to be happy, experience fewer health issues, experience better mental health and to live a lot longer.
Having a solid social network is important for good health
The safety and support experienced within our connections help calm our stress-response system, keeping away from serious stress-related diseases. ____3____ Overall, social isolation(孤立) can increase our mortality rate by 91 per cent and contribute to premature death.
The quality of our relationships matters
Now this doesn’t mean that we should dive head first into a relationship whenever we’re lonely in order to avoid early death. ____4____ Harmful relationships can be as isolating as being alone, so who we choose to break bread with is absolutely of great importance to our overall health.
The good news is that the worsening of our health often takes decades to occur. And if our health is in fact harmed, social integration can help reduce the health issues we have acquired.
____5____ If you should take anything from this, it’s that developing and lasting relationships can be just as significant to your health as taking vitamins is.
A．Keep healthy and live longer
B．The importance of human connection
C．Let’s explore how relationships can give you life.
D．Or that we should seek to join just any social group.
E．We should choose wisely to join a group that benefits our health.
F．All of this said, it’s largely clear that human connection is important.
G．However, lacking social connection can cause anxiety, depression and stress-related diseases.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．G 4．D 5．F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是人际关系对于寿命的影响。
1．根据空前 “You probably know that things like diet and alcohol drinking affect your life expectancy, but what about relationships?(你可能知道饮食和饮酒会影响你的寿命，但人际关系呢？)”可知此处讲的是人际关系也会如同喝酒和饮食一样影响我们的寿命，根据空后“While our relationships offer us so many gifts like companionship, laughter, fun and joy, they offer us so much more than that. Our relationships quite literally give us life.(虽然我们的人际关系给我们带来了很多礼物，比如陪伴、笑声、乐趣和欢乐，但它们给我们的远不止这些。我们的人际关系给了我们生命。)”可知此处讲的是人际关系不仅带给我们很多礼物还给了我们生命，空处承上启下，所以空处应该引出话题——人际关系是怎样赋予我们生命的，C项Let’s explore how relationships can give you life.(让我们来探索人际关系如何赋予你生命。)承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
2．空处为本段主旨句，根据空后“Social integration(融合) is related to greater life satisfaction, better health and increased life expectancy. People with wide social networks are more likely to be happy, experience fewer health issues, experience better mental health and to live a lot longer.(社会融合与更高的生活满意度、更好的健康和预期寿命的延长有关。拥有广泛社交网络的人更有可能快乐，经历更少的健康问题，体验更好的心理健康，活得更久。)”可知人际关系能够让我们更快乐，身心更健康，活得更长久，所以空处应该概括人际关系对我们身心健康的影响，B项The importance of human connection(人际关系的重要性)指出人际关系对于身心健康的影响，概括了全段的主旨，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
3．根据本段主旨句“Having a solid social network is important for good health(拥有一个稳固的社交网络对健康很重要)”可知本段主要讲的是稳固的社交网络对于健康的重要性，根据空前“The safety and support experienced within our connections help calm our stress-response system, keeping away from serious stress-related diseases.(在我们的人际关系中所体验到的安全和支持，有助于平静我们的压力反应系统，远离严重的压力相关疾病。)”可知拥有一个稳固的社交网络能够让我们远离与压力相关的疾病，根据空后“Overall, social isolation(孤立) can increase our mortality rate by 91 per cent and contribute to premature death.(总的来说，社会孤立会使我们的死亡率增加91%，并导致过早死亡。)”可知社会孤立会增加死亡几率，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是社交网络缺失的后果，G项However, lacking social connection can cause anxiety, depression and stress-related diseases.(然而，缺乏社会联系会导致焦虑、抑郁和与压力相关的疾病。)指出了社会联系缺乏的后果，承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的However与前文在语意上构成明显的转折关系，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
4．根据本段主旨句“The quality of our relationships matters(人际关系的质量很重要)”可知本段主要讲的是人际关系质量的重要性，依据空前“Now this doesn’t mean that we should dive head first into a relationship whenever we’re lonely in order to avoid early death.(这并不意味着为了避免早死，我们应该在孤独的时候一头扎进一段关系中。)”可知为了长寿我们并不能盲目地选择一段人际关系，根据空后“Harmful relationships can be as isolating as being alone, so who we choose to break bread with is absolutely of great importance to our overall health.(有害的关系就像孤独一样让人感到孤立，所以我们选择和谁一起吃饭对我们的整体健康至关重要。)”可知空后讲的是有害的社会关系的影响，空处承上启下，所以空处应该接着上文讲盲目选择社会关系的表现，D项Or that we should seek to join just any social group.(或者我们应该寻求加入任何社会团体。)”不仅在结构上与空前一致，而且D项中的Or表明了另一种盲目的选择，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
5．空处位于段首，为本段主旨句，应对全段进行概括，根据空后“If you should take anything from this, it’s that developing and lasting relationships can be just as significant to your health as taking vitamins is.(如果你从中得到什么启示的话，那就是发展和持久的人际关系对你的健康来说就像服用维生素一样重要。)”可知本段是对全文进行总结，进一步点明主题——人际关系对于我们的健康是重要的，所以空处应该总述人际关系的重要性，F项All of this said, it’s largely clear that human connection is important.(综上所述，很明显人际关系很重要。)概括全文内容，点明主旨，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
（浙江省衢州市2022-2023学年高一上学期2月期末英语试题）
Ways Your Cell Phone Affects Your Body and Mind
First, some good news. Your phone can keep you safer. A study found that 137 more lives were saved per 100,000 patients when people called 911 from a mobile phone rather than from a fixed one. ___1___
Scanning your phone right before bed can cause sleep disorder. To avoid that, make a habit of not using your phone for at least 30 minutes before you close your eyes.
___2___ People now spend more than five hours a day typing and tapping, and feel eyes achy. About 60 percent of Americans experience discomfort, such as dryness, eye tiredness, and even headaches. Try taking a break from screens every 20 minutes.
When you are awake, a single sound on your phone can signal the coming news. However, this can weaken your ability to focus on a task. ___3___ It can even encourage creative ideas when you are alone. When you’re bored, four different areas of your brain become active and work together to pull in thoughts and combine them in unique ways.
Memory suffers too. ___4___ Instead of relying on the instructions from your phone’s GPS, older adults choose the old way, which increases activity in a part of the brain important for memory. Taking pictures with your phone may also harm your memory.
It would be easy to avoid all these problems by simply putting down your phone. The problem: It isn’t so easy. ___5___ And researches have proved this real. Of course, there are many phone apps to help you control your phone addiction. Or you can just let the battery rundown and forget about it!
A．But there are plenty of worries too.
B．Your phone can do damage to your eyes.
C．Silence your phone or simply put it away can help.
D．Walking with your face in your phone can be dangerous.
E．People may feel painful when separated from their phones.
F．Your hand may feel painful when you hold your phone too long.
G．Using a map and trying to remember it may be better for your brain.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．G 5．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。指出手机对人们的身心各个方面产生了什么影响。
1．上文“A study found that 137 more lives were saved per 100,000 patients when people called 911 from a mobile phone rather than from a fixed one. (一项研究发现，当人们用手机拨打911而不是用固定电话拨打911时，每10万名患者中就多挽救了137条生命。)”指出使用手机能挽救生命，这是很好的消息。下文“Scanning your phone right before bed can cause sleep disorder. (睡前浏览手机会导致睡眠障碍。)”指出睡前浏览手机会造成不良影响。由此推知，空处内容与上文为转折关系。选项A“But there are plenty of worries too. (但也有很多担忧。)”指出使用手机也会产生担忧，这与上文形成转折关系，但是自然而然引出了下文，符合语境。故选A项。
2．下文“People now spend more than five hours a day typing and tapping, and feel eyes achy. (现在，人们每天花超过五个小时打字和敲击，感觉眼睛疼痛。)”指出因为花时间在手机上打字等原因，眼睛会不舒服。选项B“Your phone can do damage to your eyes. (你的手机会伤害你的眼睛。)”指出手机会伤害眼睛，自然而然引出了下文的具体说明，符合语境。故选B项。
3．上文“However, this can weaken your ability to focus on a task. (然而，这会削弱你专注于某项任务的能力。)”指出使用手机可能导致专注能力下降。选项C“Silence your phone or simply put it away can help. (让手机静音或干脆把它收起来会有帮助。)”承接上文，提出防止专注能力下降的措施，符合语境。故选C项。
4．上文“Memory suffers too. (记忆也会受到影响。)”指出使用手机可能会使记忆力受影响。下文“Instead of relying on the instructions from your phone’s GPS, older adults choose the old way, which increases activity in a part of the brain important for memory. (未依赖手机GPS的指示，老年人反而选择了旧的方式，这会增加大脑中对记忆至关重要的部分的活动。)”指出老年人选择不使用手机的GPS指路功能。选项G“Using a map and trying to remember it may be better for your brain. (使用地图并尝试记住它可能对你的大脑更好。)”指出使用地图对大脑更友好，这是对上文反向佐证，也自然而然引出了下文，符合语境。故选G项。
5．上文“It would be easy to avoid all these problems by simply putting down your phone. The problem: It isn’t so easy. (只要放下手机，就很容易避免所有这些问题。问题是：放下手机并不容易。)”指出要放下手机是个难题。选项E“People may feel painful when separated from their phones. (与手机分开时，人们可能会感到痛苦。)”延续上文，指出放下手机是个难题，让人痛苦，符合语境。故选E项。
（河南省驻马店市2022-2023学年高一上学期2月期末英语试题）
Digital citizenship
Everyone’s talking about ‘digital citizenship’, but what is it? ____1____. Being a ‘citizen’ means that you belong to a group of people. Digital citizens can use technology to communicate with others online and know how to use the internet in a safe and responsible way. Are you a good digital citizen? ____2____
Stay safe
To stay safe, never give your personal information online, such as your address or the name of your school. Make sure that you create strong, secure passwords and keep them secret. Don’t tell your friends your passwords.
____3____
Just like in real life, it’s important to behave well online. For example, if you want to post a photo of someone, make sure you ask for their permission first. Remember that everybody can have their own opinion. It’s OK to disagree, but always be polite!
Be kind
Before you post a comment online, stop and think. Is it positive? How will your words make someone feel? ____4____. Never forward nasty messages. If you see that someone’s being bullied online, tell a parent, teacher or another adult.
Be careful
Don’t trust everyone or everything online. ____5____. Never open emails from strangers, click on strange links or download apps without asking an adult. They could contain viruses. If you’re not sure, ask your parents or teacher!
Spending time and learning online can be great if we’re good digital citizens. So, be safe, be responsible and have fun!
A．Keep modest
B．Show respect
C．Even they are familiar to you
D．Here are some ways to be safe and responsible online
E．We use the word ‘digital’ to talk about computer technology
F．Don’t say something online that you wouldn’t say in real life
G．Remember that people online are not always who they say they are
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．F 5．G
【分析】这是一篇说明文。就如何做一名好的数字公民这一话题，给读者提供了一些建议。
1．上文“Everyone’s talking about ‘digital citizenship’, but what is it? (每个人都在谈论“数字公民”，但它是什么？)”指出许多人对“数字公民”究竟是什么感到疑惑。可推测下文会对“数字公民”进行解释。下文“Being a ‘citizen’ means that you belong to a group of people. (成为“公民”意味着你属于一群人。)”解释了citizen“公民”这一个词语。选项E“We use the word ‘digital’ to talk about computer technology (我们用“数字”一词来谈论计算机技术)”解释了digital“数字”这一词语，是对上文问题的回答，和下文一起构成了回答。故选E项。
2．上文“Digital citizens can use technology to communicate with others online and know how to use the internet in a safe and responsible way. Are you a good digital citizen? (数字公民可以使用技术与他人在线交流，并知道如何以安全和负责任的方式使用互联网。你是一个好的数字公民吗？)”指出好的数字公民能够很好的使用互联网，并提出疑问，问读者是不是好的数字公民。下文“Stay safe (保持安全)”就如何做一名好的数字公民，提出了建议。选项D“Here are some ways to be safe and responsible online (以下是一些安全和负责任的在线方法)”针对上文的问题，指出下文将给读者提供建议，使之成为好的数字公民，下文是该选项的具体建议。故选D项。
3．下文“Just like in real life, it’s important to behave well online. For example, if you want to post a photo of someone, make sure you ask for their permission first. (就像在现实生活中一样，在网上表现良好很重要。例如，如果你想发布某人的照片，请确保先征得他们的同意。)”指出的建议是，在网络上公民也要举止得体，在发布他人照片前要征求同意，这表示的是礼貌和对他人的尊重。选项B“Show respect (表示尊重)”也指出要表示尊重，即举止得体，用于作这一段的小标题符合语境。故选B项。
4．上文“Before you post a comment online, stop and think. Is it positive? How will your words make someone feel? (在网上发表评论之前，停下来思考一下。是肯定的吗？你的话会让人有什么感觉？)”指出公民在网上发表言论时要认真思考，发布的话对他人可能有什么影响。选项F“Don’t say something online that you wouldn’t say in real life (不要在网上说一些你在现实生活中不会说的话)”同样告诉读者不要在网上发布现实中不会发布的言论，与上文一脉相承。故选F项。
5．上文“Don’t trust everyone or everything online. (不要网上的所有人或一切事物都相信。)”告诉读者网络上的东西和人不要全都盲目相信，言外之意，网络上的人和事有必要斟酌一下。选项G“Remember that people online are not always who they say they are (记住，网上的人并不总是他们所说的那样)”指出不能盲目相信的原因是，他们可能并不总是说的那样，故该选项是对上文的解释说明，符合语境。故选G项。


艺术杰作


（四川省德阳市高中2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题）
Music is considered a great creation. It can be seen as creativity in the pure form. In society, for some people, music is a “pastime (消遣)” while for others, it is a “lifestyle”. ____1____
Music is a great source of entertainment (娱乐). Though people are different in culture and language, they enjoy music and get entertainment from it. It may be part of advertisements on TV or ring tones on mobiles.____2____
Music helps communicate thoughts and feelings.____3____In this situation, music is a good way to express them. This is also the reason why some songs get more popular among the public as compared to others. It is so because people connect with some songs more.
Music sends messages to listeners. We all have observed on television many times that in certain background music is played in the scenes (情景) that describe sorrow. ____4____ In this way, music actually communicates with listeners without the help of words. It is interesting to know that music itself is so powerful that it does not need words.
____5____Music has deep effects on the mind and spirit of people. It directly affects the hormones (荷尔蒙), which creates a feeling of pleasure in the listener. It is because of this reason that listening to peaceful music makes us less worried or nervous.
A．Music calms and relaxes the mind.
B．Music varies greatly from place to place.
C．So music is everywhere in one form or another.
D．But why is music so important in people’s lives?
E．Sometimes words fail to express anger, excitement or love.
F．All these points stress the importance of music in our lives.
G．Similarly, for scenes expressing happiness, there is different music.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．E 4．G 5．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述音乐在人们生活中的重要作用。
1．上文“In society, for some people, music is a ‘pastime (消遣)’ while for others, it is a ‘lifestyle’.(在社会上，对一些人来说，音乐是一种‘消遣’，而对另一些人来说，它是一种‘生活方式’)”提及音乐的作用，下文具体介绍了音乐在日常生活中的作用，D项“但是为什么音乐在人们的生活中如此重要呢？”承上启下，总领下文，故选D。
2．上文“It may be part of advertisements on TV or ring tones on mobiles.(它可能是电视广告或手机铃声的一部分)”提到了音乐存在的各种形式，这说明音乐以各种各样的形式存在，C项“所以音乐以这样或那样的形式无处不在”符合语境，故选C。
3．根据下文“In this situation, music is a good way to express them.(在这种情况下，音乐是一种很好的表达方式)”可知，空处是应是描述适合用音乐作为表达方式的情况，指明“this situation”的具体内容，E项“有时言语无法表达愤怒、兴奋或爱”符合语境，故选E。
4．上文“We all have observed on television many times that in certain background music is played in the scenes(情景) that describe sorrow.(我们都在电视上多次看到，某些背景音乐在描述悲伤的场景中播放)”提到，一些音乐在描述悲伤的场景中播放，结合下文“In this way, music actually communicates with listeners without the help of words.(通过这种方式，音乐实际上无需语言的帮助就能与听众交流)”可知，空处应是与上文并列，描述音乐在特定场合下起到的交流作用，G项“同样，对于表达幸福的场景，也有不同的音乐”符合语境，故选G。
5．空处是段落主题句，根据本段中“Music has deep effects on the mind and spirit of people. It directly affects the hormones (荷尔蒙), which creates a feeling of pleasure in the listener. It is because of this reason that listening to peaceful music makes us less worried or nervous.(音乐对人们的思想和精神有深远的影响。它直接影响荷尔蒙，从而使听者产生愉悦的感觉。正是因为这个原因，听平静的音乐使我们不那么担心或紧张)”可知，本段主要讲述音乐使人精神愉悦、心情平静的作用，A项“音乐使心灵平静和放松”符合语境，故选A。
（Unit5 Listening and Talking; Reading for Writing期末复习通关练-2021-2022高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册）
____1____ But Yan Kai, 14, loves old songs, some of which may be 100 years old.
Yan is a Senior 1 student at Beijing International Art School. ____2____ It is an old Chinese folk art. He began learning Taiping Geci two years ago. “I feel very good when I sing,” he said. “Taiping Geci has beautiful melodies (旋律) and lyrics (歌词).”
Taiping Geci started in Beijing during the Qing Dynasty. ____3____ Singers use a pair of bamboo pieces to make music.
Yan Kai was born in Tianjin. His parents are folk art lovers. He first saw a folk art show when he was a kid. At the age of 11, he began to study Taiping Geci with an old folk art actor. Every morning when he gets up, he begins shouting. He does exercise like somersaults (筋斗). “Sometimes it is difficult and boring,” he said.“But I know I have to go on.”  ____4____Now not many people know about it.
Yan hopes to be a great singer and let more teenagers know about this old art. “Many pop singers don’t sing clearly.____5____ But I enjoy singing Taiping Geci.” said Yan.
A．Sometimes I can’t even understand what they are singing.
B．Many teenagers often play the guitars together.
C．It tells stories of many kinds,such as wars and great people from old dynasties.
D．Taiping Geci is only popular in Beijing.
E．Most teens like to sing pop songs.
F．He is mad about Taiping Geci.
G．Taiping Geci is quite difficult for most people to learn.
【答案】1．E 2．F 3．C 4．D 5．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了太平歌词和喜欢唱太平歌词的14岁少年Yan Kai。
1．根据下文“But Yan Kai, 14, loves old songs, some of which may be 100 years old. (但14岁的Yan Kai喜欢老歌，其中一些可能有100年的历史)”中But一词的暗示可知，Yan Kai和普通青少年不一样，空处应是描述普通青少年的音乐喜好，E项“大多数青少年喜欢唱流行歌曲”符合语境。故选E。
2．上一句“Yan is a Senior 1 student at Beijing International Art School.(Yan是北京国际艺术学校高一的学生)”介绍了Yan Kai的情况，下文“It is an old Chinese folk art.(这是一种古老的中国民间艺术)”介绍了太平歌词，所以空处应是从Yan Kai过渡到太平歌词，F项“他对太平歌词很着迷”符合语境。故选F。
3．根据上文“Taiping Geci started in Beijing during the Qing Dynasty.(太平歌词始于清朝的北京)”及下文“Singers use a pair of bamboo pieces to make music.(歌手用一对竹板来演奏音乐)”可知，本段主要是介绍太平歌词相关的内容，包括起源和歌手如何演奏这种音乐，C项“它讲述了各种各样的故事，比如战争和古代王朝的伟人”介绍太平歌词的演唱内容，符合语境。故选C。
4．根据下文“Now not many people know about it.(现在知道它的人不多了)”可知，空处应是提及现在很少人了解太平歌词的原因，D项“太平歌词只在北京流行”符合语境。故选D。
5．根据上文“Many pop singers don’t sing clearly.(很多流行歌手唱得不是很清楚)”及下文的转折“But I enjoy singing Taiping Geci.(但我喜欢唱太平歌词)”可知，歌手唱得不清楚，所以有时不理解他们唱的是什么，A项“有时我甚至听不懂他们在唱什么”符合语境。故选A。
（江苏省南京市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末学情调研测试英语试题）
Villains(反派角色) are some of the most memorable characters in films, but when we think of successful villains, they might show different features. In Star Wars, Emperor Palpatine is unable to understand others. It is not the same with Darth Vader, another bad guy in the movie-yet they are both clearly successful villains. The difference raises one question. ____1____
Firstly, a horrible personal look can help to create frightening villains. ____2____ For example, in Martin Scorsese’s films, villains with scars(疤痕) on their faces usually wear expensive suits while attacking people, which encourages audience to be afraid of their power.
Secondly, effective villains also have to test heroes in the story. ____3____ In Whiplash, the extremely strict jazz teacher never accepted any mistakes, and he often punished his students heavily. The hero, Andrew, one of his students with a strong will, was tested by having to face such a frightening villain again and again.
Here comes the last trick. ____4____ To become memorable and achieve a lasting place in filming history, a villain needs to have a purpose or motivation (动机). In Misery, the nurse Annie keeps her favorite writer, Paul, a prisoner. What’s her motivation?She wants him to rewrite his next chapter as she is unhappy with the ending of his latest work. ___5___
Next time you find yourself watching a villain onscreen, see which of these tricks have been used to make them particularly memorable!
A．They can’t just be beaten easily.
B．What makes a successful villain?
C．Are villains really necessary in all films?
D．The film is well organized in terms of the storyline.
E．It’s necessary for a villain to be bad with a purpose.
F．This sense of fear can be achieved in different ways.
G．The screenwriter gave her a reason to move the story forward.
【答案】1．B 2．F 3．A 4．E 5．G
【分析】本文是篇说明文。反派角色在电影中经常最令人记忆深刻，如何才能成功地塑造一个反派角色，文章给出了几点建议。
1．根据上一句“The difference raises one question. ”（这种差异引发了一个问题）可知，空处应该是一个问句，答案应该选自B或C；由第二、三、四段内容可知，这三段主要讲述了如何才能塑造一个成功的反派角色，是对选项B. What makes a successful villain?（是什么造就了一个成功的反派?）的具体回答。故选B。
2．根据上一句“Firstly, a horrible personal look can help to create frightening villains. ”（首先，一个可怕的个人外观可以帮助创造可怕的反派。）可知，给人一种可怕的感觉可以帮助塑造反派角色，选项F. This sense of fear can be achieved in different ways.（这种恐惧感可以通过不同的方式获得。）中的“This sense of fear”与其意思相符；下一句“For example, in Martin Scorsese’s films, villains with scars(疤痕) on their faces usually wear expensive suits while attacking people, which encourages audience to be afraid of their power.”（例如，在Martin Scorsese的电影中，脸上有伤疤的反派在攻击人时通常穿着昂贵的西装，这让观众对他们的力量感到恐惧。）中说明了可以用什么方式来获得恐惧感，是对选项F的举例说明，衔接合理，符合语境。故选F。
3．上一句“Secondly, effective villains also have to test heroes in the story. ”指出了“有效的反派也要考验故事中的英雄。”，选项A. They can’t just be beaten easily.（他们不可能被轻易打败）中的“They”指的就是“effective villiains”，是对上一句的引申说明；结合下文中的“The hero, Andrew, one of his students with a strong will, was tested by having to face such a frightening villain again and again.”（主人公Andrew是他的一个意志坚强的学生，他不得不一次又一次地面对这样一个可怕的恶棍。），实例解释了主人公要接受反派的考验，不能轻易被打败。故选项A语意合理，符合语境。故选A。
4．根据下一句“To become memorable and achieve a lasting place in filming history, a villain needs to have a purpose or motivation (动机).”（要想让人印象深刻，并在电影史上占据一席之地，反派角色需要有目的或动机。），选项E. It’s necessary for a villain to be bad with a purpose.（反派必须是有目的的坏人。）句意与其一致，下一句是对选项E的进一步解释说明，符合语境。故选E。
5．根据上一句“She wants him to rewrite his next chapter as she is unhappy with the ending of his latest work.”（她希望他重写下一章，因为她对他最新作品的结局不满意。），选项G. The screenwriter gave her a reason to move the story forward.（这个编剧给了她一个把故事向前推进的理由。）中的“her”与上一句的“she”相对应，并且句意承接上一句，衔接合理。故选G。
（福建省厦门市2019-2020学年高一上期期末质量检测英语试题）
Recent research shows that listening to music improves our health in surprising ways. If we take a music lesson or two, that musical training can help raise our IQs and even keep us sharp in old age. ____1____
Music Reduces Pain
As Bob Marely once put it: “One good thing about music, when it hits you, you feel no pain.” Research at Drexel University found that music reduced pain more than standard treatments in cancer patients. Other research showed that music can ease pain in patients. ____2____
Music Keeps Your Brain Healthy in Old Age
A study with healthy older adults found that those with ten or more years of musical experience scored higher on cognitive (认知的) tests than musicians with one to nine years of musical study. ____3____ “Since studying an instrument requires years of practice and learning, it may create the connections in the brain that could make up for cognitive decreases as we get older,” said lead researcher Brenda Hanna-Pladdy.
____4____
A study showed that students who listened to relaxing classical music for 45 minutes before turning in slept much better than students who listened to an audiobook or did nothing different from their normal routine. If you’re having trouble sleeping, try listening to a little Mozart before bedtime.
Music Raises IQ and Academic Performance
____5____ In one study, 6-year-olds who took keyboard or singing lessons in small groups for 36 weeks had large increases in IQ and standardized educational test results than children who took either drama lessons or no lessons. To help children achieve academic excellence, encourage them to take music lessons.
A．Music Relaxes People
B．Music Helps You Sleep Better
C．The non-musicians scored the lowest.
D．Here are some amazing benefits of music.
E．Therefore, standard treatments are strongly advised by doctors.
F．But the selection needed to be either classical pieces or their choices.
G．Research shows that learning music predicts higher scores in children.
【答案】1．D 2．F 3．C 4．B 5．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了音乐的四种令人惊叹的好处。
1．上文“Recent research shows that listening to music improves our health in surprising ways. If we take a music lesson or two, that musical training can help raise our IQs and even keep us sharp in old age.(最近的研究表明，听音乐以令人惊讶的方式改善我们的健康。如果我们上一两节音乐课，这种音乐训练可以帮助提高我们的智商，甚至让我们在老年时保持敏锐。)”说明听音乐有利于改善健康，提高智商，甚至让我们在老年时保持敏锐；再结合下文讲述的音乐的种种好处，所以空处应该总说，音乐有以下的好处。D选项“Here are some amazing benefits of music.(以下是音乐的一些令人惊叹的好处。)”承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
2．上文“Other research showed that music can ease pain in patients. (其他研究表明，音乐可以缓解病人的疼痛。)”说明听音乐有助于减轻疼痛；所以空处应承接前文，说明什么样的音乐才能减轻病人的痛苦。F选项“But the selection needed to be either classical pieces or their choices.(但选择的音乐必须是古典作品或者他们选择的作品。)”承接上文，选项中的“the selection”指的是减轻病人疼痛的音乐的选择，由此可知，F选项符合语境。故选F。
3．上文“A study with healthy older adults found that those with ten or more years of musical experience scored higher on cognitive (认知的) tests than musicians with one to nine years of musical study.(一项针对健康老年人的研究发现，具有十年或更长时间音乐经验的人，在认知测试中的得分高于拥有一到九年音乐研究的音乐家。)”可知学习音乐时间越长的老年人在认知测试中得分越高；C选项“The non-musicians scored the lowest.(没有受过音乐训练的人得分最低。)”承接上文，说明没学过音乐的人得分最低，选项中的“non-musicians”与上文中的“those with ten or more years of musical experience”和“musicians with one to nine years of musical study.”相对应，选项中的“scored the lowest”与上文中的“scored higher”相对应；下文“‘Since studying an instrument requires years of practice and learning, it may create the connections in the brain that could make up for cognitive decreases as we get older,’ said lead researcher Brenda Hanna-Pladdy.(首席研究员Brenda Hanna-Pladdy说：‘因为研究一种乐器需要多年的练习和学习，它可能会在大脑中建立连接，从而弥补我们随着年龄的增长而出现的认知下降。’)”承接上文说明学音乐时间越长的老年人认知能力测试分数越高的原因。故选C。
4．根据文章结构分析可知，设空处是概括下段内容的小标题；由下文“A study showed that students who listened to relaxing classical music for 45 minutes before turning in slept much better than students who listened to an audiobook or did nothing different from their normal routine. If you’re having trouble sleeping, try listening to a little Mozart before bedtime. (一项研究表明，睡前听45分钟放松的古典音乐的学生比听有声读物或不做任何与日常生活不同的事情的学生睡得更好。如果你睡不着觉，试着在睡前听一小段莫扎特的音乐。)”可知此段主要讲听音乐可以睡得更好；B选项“Music Helps You Sleep Better(音乐有助于你更好地睡眠)”可以概括本段，适合作为本段标题，选项中的“Sleep Better”与下文中的“slept much better”表达意思一致。故选B。
5．由本段的小标题“Music Raises IQ and Academic Performance(音乐可以提高智商和学习成绩)”可知此段主要阐述音乐对于智商和学习成绩的益处； G选项“Research shows that learning music predicts higher scores in children.(研究表明，学习音乐预示着孩子们更高的分数。)”说明学习音乐可以提高学习成绩，符合本段主旨，选项中的“high scores”与小标题中的“Raises IQ and Academic Performance”表达内容一致；下文“In one study, 6-year-olds who took keyboard or singing lessons in small groups for 36 weeks had large increases in IQ and standardized educational test results than children who took either drama lessons or no lessons. (在一项研究中，6岁的孩子在36周内小组学习键盘或唱歌课程，他们的智商和标准化教育测试结果都比不学习戏剧课程或不学习戏剧的孩子大幅度提高。)”承接上文，运用一项研究结果来说明学习音乐能够提高智商和学习成绩，下文中的“took keyboard or singing lessons”指的是学习音乐，与选项中的“learning music”表述内容一致，故选G。
（甘肃省白银市2012-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题）
Amazing Benefits of Listening to Music during Meditation(冥想)
There are many benefits of listening to music during meditation. If you haven’t tried it yet, you should! It is not only relaxing but also beneficial for your mental health. ____1____
Reduce Stress
____2____ Stress is one of the most common issues in today’s world. If your workload is very demanding, it is very natural for you to feel stressed-out often. When you listen to pleasant and soft music during meditation, you will feel calmer and remove stress from your life.
Balance Your Emotions
Maintaining an emotional balance is very important. Listening to music while meditating can help you balance your emotions. ____3____ They are better in dealing with emotions. In fact, they can improve their relationships and heal wounds quicker than those who don’t take this beautiful practice.
Inspire You
When you listen to music while meditating, you feel inspired. This brings about a good feeling, and you can relax and enjoy yourself. ____4____ This is a great source of inspiration for someone who has lost hope in life. You can also recommend it to someone who is struggling with hopelessness.
Wonderful, wasn’t it? ____5____ Your body, mind, and soul will connect with each other. Not only that, your quality of life will improve too. Right from the moment you start meditating with the help of music, you will notice changes.
A．Here are some of the benefits.
B．You will also feel great about yourself.
C．All your presentations will be done with ease.
D．Meditation can help you live a life free of anxiety.
E．One of its benefits is a reduction in the levels of stress and anxiety.
F．The journey through music and meditation is something we should all try.
G．People who meditate while regularly listening to music can balance their lives.
【答案】1．A 2．E 3．G 4．B 5．F
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了冥想时听音乐的许多好处。
1．本题设空位于首段的段尾，具有承上启下的作用，根据下文逐条展开的冥想时听音乐的好处可知，A项“这里有一些好处。”符合题意，故选择A项。
2．根据本段的小标题“Reduce Stress（缓解压力）”可知，本段主要介绍冥想时听音乐的好处就是缓解压力，E项“它的好处之一是减少压力和焦虑。”符合题意，故选择E项。
3．根据上文“Listening to music while meditating can help you balance your emotions.(冥想时听音乐可以帮助你平衡情绪。)”可知，本段主要介绍的是冥想时听音乐能起到的平衡作用，G项“经常听音乐的同时冥想的人可以平衡他们的生活。”符合题意，故选择G项。
4．根据上文“This brings about a good feeling, and you can relax and enjoy yourself.(这带来了一种良好的感觉，你可以放松和享受自己)”可知，本段主要介绍的是冥想时听音乐能激励自己，并带来良好的感觉，B项“你也会对自己感觉良好。”符合题意，故选择B项。
5．根据上文“Wonderful, wasn’t it?（太棒了，不是吗？）”可知，在了解了冥想时听音乐的好处后，作者提倡读者们去尝试一下，F项“贯穿音乐和冥想的旅程是我们都应该尝试的。”符合题意，故选择F项。
（四川省乐山市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题）
Art is an important part of any children’s education and upbringing. Giving your child an appreciation for art encourages imagination, creativity, self-expression and clear thinking. It helps self-confidence and can even support growth in math and reading. ____1____ Taking painting for example, you can try the following tips.
____2____ If possible, take your child to museums or show your child books on art and artists every day. It’s important to allow them to create, experiment and discover. Give them access to a wide variety of supplies and allow your child to make their own decisions about what supplies to use.
Talk to your child about their creations. Discussing art with your child encourages reflection (反思) and critical thinking. Invite your child to tell you about their painting. ____3____ Discuss about the emotions when they create the artworks. Readily offer praise, and avoid judging their work — especially at younger ages. Remember, the process of creating art is more important than the end product.
Enroll (登记) your child in art classes. There may be after-school programs, or lessons at your local library or community college. If many choices are ready, consider allowing your child to pick what they’d like to try. ____4____
Look for kid-friendly art events in your community. There could be an outdoor art festival, a paint-your-own-pottery workshop, or even a performance at your local library. ____5____ Newspapers, local blogs and fellow parents can be great resources for keeping track of art events.
A．Children enjoy finding connections between artwork and things.
B．Set aside some daily time for art.
C．Take part in any artistic activity you enjoy.
D．Ask them to talk about the details.
E．Keep an eye out for any art-related activities your child might enjoy.
F．To help your child learn to appreciate art, you should expose (使接触) your child to art.
G．Encourage them to stick with it for a little while before moving on to something else.
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．D 4．G 5．E
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让孩子接触艺术的一些技巧。
1．空前说“Art is an important part of any children’s education and upbringing. Giving your child an appreciation for art encourages imagination, creativity, self-expression and clear thinking. It helps self-confidence and can even support growth in math and reading.(艺术是任何儿童教育和成长的重要组成部分。让孩子欣赏艺术可以激发想象力、创造力、自我表达和清晰的思维。它有助于增强自信，甚至可以支持数学和阅读的成长)”，空后说“Taking painting for example, you can try the following tips.(以绘画为例，你可以尝试以下技巧)”，F选项“To help your child learn to appreciate art, you should expose (使接触) your child to art.(为了帮助你的孩子学会欣赏艺术，你应该让你的孩子接触艺术)”中的“appreciate art”和上文的“Giving your child an appreciation for art”承接，与后文使孩子接触艺术的方法相呼应，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
2．空格处是本段的主题句，根据空后的“If possible, take your child to museums or show your child books on art and artists every day.(如果可能的话，每天带孩子去博物馆或给孩子看关于艺术和艺术家的书籍)”可知，本段主要讲的是要每天为艺术腾出时间，B选项“Set aside some daily time for art.(每天为艺术留出一些时间)”概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选B。
3．空前说“Talk to your child about their creations. Discussing art with your child encourages reflection (反思) and critical thinking. Invite your child to tell you about their painting.(和你的孩子谈谈他们的创作。与你的孩子讨论艺术鼓励反思和批判性思维。邀请你的孩子告诉你他们的绘画)”，因此本段主要是关于让孩子谈论艺术的，D选项“Ask them to talk about the details.(让他们谈谈细节)”说明了让孩子谈艺术的细节，符合语境，故选D。
4．空前说“If many choices are ready, consider allowing your child to pick what they’d like to try.(如果有很多选择，考虑让你的孩子选择他们想尝试的)”，G选项“Encourage them to stick with it for a little while before moving on to something else.(鼓励他们在转向其他事情之前坚持一段时间)”说明了选择后让孩子坚持一段时间，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
5．空前说“There could be an outdoor art festival, a paint-your-own-pottery workshop, or even a performance at your local library.(可能会有一个户外艺术节，一个自制陶艺作坊，甚至是当地图书馆的一场表演)”，空后说“Newspapers, local blogs and fellow parents can be great resources for keeping track of art events.(报纸、本地博客和其他家长都是关注艺术事件的好资源)”，因此空格处应说要为孩子找一些孩子可能喜欢的任何与艺术相关的活动，E选项“Keep an eye out for any art-related activities your child might enjoy.(留意孩子可能喜欢的任何与艺术相关的活动)”中的“Keep an eye out for any art-related activities”和后文的“keeping track of art events”相呼应，且说明了要帮孩子找一些与艺术相关的活动，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
（云南省昆明市第三中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题）
How similar are language and music?
Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. ____1____ Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities.
Both language and music have a writing system.
In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. Similarly, we use notes to keep a record of music. Musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music. ____2____ By writing pieces of text or music, we are able to share experiences through time. We can read the ideas or hear the composition of someone who lived hundreds of years ago.
____3____
You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language he uses. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation.
Both share emotion.
____4____ Of course you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy. Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling, and allows us to share that emotion. When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness. ____5____ I think we have all used music to express or process our emotions, often combining it with language in the form of song lyrics.
A．Both are various with culture.
B．Both are expressive around the world.
C．How do you know that I am angry?
D．We use language to express our thoughts.
E．So just as you read English, you can read music.
F．Similarly, music is also part of many people’s lives.
G．In contrast, you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down.
【答案】1．F 2．E 3．A 4．C 5．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文分析了语言和音乐的相似之处；有书写系统，随文化而变和分享情感。
1．根据上文“Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world.(语言是我们日常生活的一部分，无论我们生活在世界的哪个角落)”和下文“Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities. (语言和音乐在我们的文化中都扮演着重要的角色，以下是它们的一些相似之处)”可知，上文指出语言是我们日常生活的一部分，后文说语言和音乐在文化中都扮演着重要的作用。由此可知，音乐和语言一样——是日常生活的一部分。F项“同样，音乐也是许多人生活的一部分”符合题意，承接上下文。故选F。
2．根据上文“In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters.(在英语中，我们用字母表记录语言，字母表是字母的集合)”和“Musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music. (音乐家们阅读音符，并以音乐的形式创造意义)”可知，音乐也可以像英语一样进行阅读。E项“所以就像你读英语一样，你也可以读音乐”符合题意。故选E。
3．空处为本段小标题。根据下文“You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language he uses. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation. (通过听某人使用的语言，你可以很好地猜测他来自哪里。同样，我们知道世界各地的音乐风格各不相同，这让我们有机会通过他们的音乐探索许多不同的文化，并为我们提供适合各种情况的音乐)”可知，音乐和语言一样都承载了很多不同的文化。A项“两者都带着各种各样的文化”符合本段主旨，可以作为小标题。故选A。
4．根据小标题“Both share emotion. (双方共享情感)”可知，本段和情绪有关。C项“你怎么知道我生气了？”符合题意，且与下文“Of course you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words.  (你当然可以从我的脸上看出来，但你也一定会通过我的话知道)”承接自然，下文是对选项问题的回答。故选C。
5．根据上文“When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness. (当你感到快乐的时候，你可能想跟着快乐的歌曲唱歌跳舞来庆祝你的快乐)”可知，快乐的时候，想听令人快乐的歌曲。由此推知，下文陈述，当不快乐的时候，可能想听悲伤的音乐。G项“相反，当你情绪低落时，你可能也会听悲伤的音乐”符合题意，与上文形成对比。故选G。
（江苏省苏州市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末学业质量调研卷英语试题）
Toy Story, Cars, Finding Nemo, Wall-E, Up — you have probably watched all these films. ____1____ Let’s go through the process of creating a cartoon film.
Creating the storyboard
The first step is to write down the main ideas of the story. ____2____ Based on the storyboard, the art department creates the first draft for the characters, their clothing and emotions, and the design sets.
Making characters using 3D modelling
A special computer program is used to create 3D shapes of the characters, sets and props—this is called modelling. ____3____ Special equipment is used to record points on these shapes. This information is then sent to a software program which recreates the 3D shape.
Making them move
The layout crew (摄影构图组) decide how these characters should move and then the cartoonists take over. They use 3D software to create the movements of each character, the skeleton’s (骨架) movements, facial expressions and more, between key frames (帧) in the story.____4____
Dressing up for the show
The sets and props are “dressed” according to the designs laid out by the art department. The skin and hair for the characters, their costumes as well as special lighting effects such as shadows, shining reflections are also created.
Letting the show begin
____5____ The computers draw each frame one by one, with each frame slightly different from the previous one. Each frame takes 5-6 hours to create — imagine how much computing power and time it will take to create 24 frames per second of a 2-hour film!
A．From that, storyboards are drawn.
B．All these films have cost a large amount of money.
C．Remember too, that the movements have to be smooth!
D．Some of these shapes are simple, but some are very complex.
E．The decorations of the sets and props are created using a software.
F．Have you ever wondered how these amazing cartoon films were made?
G．All the 3D characters, their movements, and lighting are to be done by computers.
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍卡通片的制作过程。
1．根据上文提示“Toy Story, Cars, Finding Nemo, Wall-E, Up—you have probably watched all these films.（《玩具总动员》《汽车总动员》《海底总动员》《机器人总动员》《飞屋环游记》——这些电影你可能都看过）”，再根据下文提示“Let’s go through the process of creating a cartoon film.（让我们来看看制作卡通电影的过程）”，可知，根据常识，人们一定想知道这些卡通是怎样制作出来的，接下来空后引出这个话题。所以F项Have you ever wondered how these amazing cartoon films were made?（你有没有想过这些神奇的卡通电影是如何制作出来的? ）符合上下文连贯，该项中的how these amazing cartoon films were made吻合了the process of creating a cartoon film。故选F。
2．根据上文提示“The first step is to write down the main ideas of the story.（第一步是写下故事的主要思想）”，再根据下文提示“Based on the storyboard, the art department creates the first draft for the characters, their clothing and emotions, and the design sets.（根据故事板，美术部门为角色，他们的服装和情绪，以及设计布景创造了初稿）”，可知，由初稿绘制出故事板。所以A项From that, storyboards are drawn.（由此，故事板被绘制出来）符合上下文连贯，该项中的that指代上文中的the main ideas，storyboards与下文的Based on the storyboard吻合。故选A。
3．根据上文提示“A special computer program is used to create 3D shapes of the characters, sets and props—this is called modelling.（一种特殊的计算机程序被用来创建角色、布景和道具的3D形状——这被称为建模）”，可知，布景和道具的装饰是由计算机程序制作出来的。所以E项The decorations of the sets and props are created using a software.（布景和道具的装饰是用软件制作的）符合上下文连贯。其中the sets and props与上文的sets and props保持一致。故选E。
4．根据上文提示“They use 3D software to create the movements of each character, the skeleton’s (骨架) movements, facial expressions and more, between key frames (帧) in the story.（在故事的关键帧之间，他们使用3D软件来创造每个角色的动作、骨骼的动作、面部表情等等）”，可知，这些制作应该是有的简单，有的复杂。所以，D项Some of these shapes are simple, but some are very complex.（有些形状很简单，但有些非常复杂）符合上下文连贯，是对上文的进一步解释。故选D。
5．根据下文提示“The computers draw each frame one by one, with each frame slightly different from the previous one.（计算机一帧一帧地画出每一帧，每一帧与前一帧略有不同）”，可知这些事情都是由电脑制作的。所以，G项All the 3D characters, their movements, and lighting are to be done by computers.（所有的3D角色，他们的动作和灯光都是由电脑完成的）符合上下文的连贯。故选G。
（吉林省长春市东北师大附中2019—2020学年高三年级下学期开学考试英语试题）
To shoot a scene of people eating food, you need two different perspectives (角度). To record a bus journey to school, you need three quick cuts. To complete this short, morning rush-hour video blog – or “vlog” – you need four pieces of music. ___1___
With more than 90 million vlogs available online, and 2,000 posted every hour on the YouTube video-sharing site, CBS News says they are mainstream with people born after 1995.
___2___ More young Chinese people have become inspired to grab a camera and recount the details of their day on Sina Weibo, Bilibili or WeChat Moments.
“The most important thing about vlogging is to tell a good story. Other visual effects are auxiliary (辅助的),” wrote US vlogger Casey Neista, who has almost 10 million subscribers on YouTube.
Chinese vlogger Wang Xiaoguang is an example of a good storyteller. In one of his popular vlog posts, Wang tells the story of traveling to Japan. While there, he took a ride in the wrong direction and got lost. Worse, he forgot to bring a phone charger. ___3___
Another key aspect of vlogs is that the content is based on everyday life, according to Ouyang Nana, 18, a young Chinese musician. She documents her life at Berklee College of Music. Ordinary as vlogs are, as many as 15 million fans share her wows and woes (喜怒哀乐) on a daily basis.
__4__ Peng Yixuan, a news reporter with China Daily, recorded her first experience attending and reporting on the two sessions in March of this year. With a relaxed, chatty and personal approach, she presented the conferences, “bringing more warmth” to the grand political event, according to People’s Daily.
There are popular vlogs for beauty, gaming, fashion, food and travel. Vloggers are learning new ways to experience the thrill of them. _____5_____ Then what are you waiting for? Grab a camera!
A．They come from all walks of life.
B．However, he didn’t take the number of his hotel.
C．Vlogging has taken China by storm over the past year.
D．Some other popular vloggers choose to show their careers.
E．Vlogs pave the way for future advertising and sales campaigns.
F．Luckily he was able to borrow money from a stranger and escape trouble.
G．Vloggers have these techniques in mind as they film their daily activities.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．D 5．A
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了当前在年轻人中非常流行的短视频—Vlog，从明星到普通人，大家都在用短视频记录自己的日常生活，可以说，全民Vlog时代已经来临。
1．设空句为段末句，可总结本段主旨要义。根据前文“To shoot a scene of people eating food, you need two different perspectives. To record a bus journey to school, you need three quick cuts. To complete this short, morning rush-hour video blog – or “vlog”– you need four pieces of music.”可知，在讲述一些拍摄技巧。选项G“Vloggers have these techniques in mind as they film their daily activities.( 视频记录者在记录他们的日常活动时，脑海中已经有了这些技术。)”是对以上内容的概括总结，符合语境。故选G项。
2．设空句为段首句，为本段中心主题句。根据后文“More young Chinese people have become inspired to grab a camera and recount the details of their day on Sina Weibo, Bilibili or WeChat Moments.”可知在讲述短视频拍摄对于中国的影响。选项C“Vlogging has taken China by storm over the past year.( 在过去的一年里，视频登录在中国掀起了一场风暴。)”贴合主题。故选C项。
3．设空句为段末句，应是呼应主题。根据前文内容主要讲述了他去日本旅游的“不幸经历”。结合核心词“good storyteller(非常善于讲故事的人)”可知，选项F“Luckily he was able to borrow money from a stranger and escape trouble.( 幸运的是，他能够向一个陌生人借钱，避免了麻烦。)”适合作为这个故事的结局，符合语境需求。故选F项。
4．设空句在段首，应是本段中心主题句。根据后文内容主要讲述了记者彭译萱的工作经历—首次报道两会，可知，选项D “Some other popular vloggers choose to show their careers.( 其他一些流行的视频博主选择展示他们的职业生涯。)”贴合本段主题。故选D项。
5．根据前一句内容“There are popular vlogs for beauty, gaming, fashion, food and travel. Vloggers are learning new ways to experience the thrill of them.( 有很多流行的视频博客，内容包括美容、游戏、时尚、美食和旅游。视频记录者正在学习新的方式来体验它们带来的刺激。)”可知，视频博主来自各行各业。选项A“They come from all walks of life.( 他们来自各行各业。)”恰当合理地总结了前文内容，符合语境。故选A项。
（山东省潍坊市2019-2020学年高二上学期期中英语试题）
Education has always been a hot topic.How to educate children can be a sweet but painstaking task for parents, many of whom try to offer their children the best environment. Competition between parents over children's education may start from the kind of animated (动画) series children watch. ____1____ By watching the former, children can learn English at the same time. However, this does not mean those watching foreign shows perform better than those watching Chinese ones.  ___2___ They can help children learn traditional Chinese culture and history.Take Journey to the West for example. ___3___
By watching this show, children can learn more about the history of the Tang Dynasty and the development of Buddhist culture in China. Foreign shows can open a window for children to gain a better understanding of the outside world. So, children ought to be encouraged to watch both as long as the content of the show is beneficial.
This can also be applied to other things beyond animated series. ___4___ However, some parents fail to do this. Their incorrect view can more or less leave an influence on their children. Innocent (天真的) children, influenced by their parents, slowly hold the view that watching foreign shows is better than watching Chinese shows. ___5___
A．Chinese shows have their own advantages.
B．Foreign animated series are always the first choice for parents.
C．Children often follow their parents' advice when choosing animated series.
D．For example,children can be encouraged to read folk tales at home and abroad.
E．Once the view is formed in children's minds, parents' education proves a failure.
F．This show is based on one of the four great classical novels of Chinese literature.
G．For some parents, watching foreign animated shows is better than watching Chinese ones.
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．F 4．D 5．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。父母之间关于孩子教育的竞争可以从孩子们看的动画片开始，一些家长认为外国动画可以帮助孩子学习英语，因此好于看中国动画，而作者认为中国节目可以帮助孩子们学习中国传统文化和历史。所以只要节目内容是有益的都可以鼓励孩子观看。不应当让父母的喜好影响到孩子的看法。
1．结合下文By watching the former, children can learn English at the same time.（通过看前者，孩子们可以同时学习英语。）可推知有的家长认为外国动画片可以帮助孩子学习英语，因此比看中国动画片更好。故G选项“对一些家长来说，看外国动画片比看中国动画片更好。”符合上下文语境。故选G。
2．结合下文They can help children learn traditional Chinese culture and history.（他们可以帮助孩子们学习中国传统文化和历史。）可知是在说明中国电视节目的优势，故A选项“中国电视节目有自己的优势。”符合上下文语境。故选A。
3．结合上文Take Journey to the West for example.（以《西游记》为例。）可推知下文继续对《西游记》进行说明，它是中国四大名著之一。故F选项“这部剧是根据中国四大名著之一改编的。”符合上下文语境。故选F。
4．结合上文This can also be applied to other things beyond animated series.（这也适用于动画系列之外的其他事情。）可推知本句承接上文说明动画片以外的其他故事，也可以鼓励孩子们去阅读。故D选项“例如，可以鼓励孩子们阅读国内外的民间故事。”符合上下文语境。故选D。
5．结合上文However, some parents fail to do this. Their incorrect view can more or less leave an influence on their children. Innocent children, influenced by their parents, slowly hold the view that watching foreign shows is better than watching Chinese shows.（然而，有些父母却做不到这一点。他们不正确的观点或多或少会对他们的孩子产生影响。天真的孩子受父母的影响，慢慢地认为看外国节目比看中国节目好。）可推知认为外国节目比中国节目好看对孩子来说，是一种不好的事情，而这也是受到了父母教育失败的影响。故E选项“这种观点一旦在孩子的头脑中形成，父母的教育就是失败的。”符合上下文语境，故选E。


自然灾害


（重庆市主城区七校2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题）
The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening, but preparing for the most likely disasters, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, fires, and winter storms, is necessary. ___1___You can develop an emergency plan for your family in case of a natural disaster, including household information, out-of-town contacts and school, workplace, and childcare contact information and emergency first aid. Add your evacuation routes and shelter plans as well.
More importantly, you have to monitor potential (潜在的) disasters. ____2____ Watch news and weather reports in your region so that you can be aware of potential disasters in the area. You can also download apps for your smart phone that will warn you of potential disasters near your location.
____3____ If your family is at risk for exposure to a natural disaster, explain to them what’s happening. Review your emergency preparedness plan so that everyone knows what to do in the event of a disaster.
Thirdly, track the progress of forthcoming disasters. Check back with your news station frequently so that you’ll be aware of changes in weather or conditions that could alter the course of a disaster. ____4____ In this way, you’ll be well informed of what’s happening.
Finally, evacuate before disaster strikes, if possible. If danger is coming in your area, evacuate before it strikes. ____5____ So be sure to follow their instructions. If you aren’t able to evacuate, shelter in place until it’s safe to leave the area.
A．For instance, creating a plan is a good idea.
B．Make a contact card for each member of the family.
C．Secondly, prepare family members for what may happen.
D．You may not know what kind of disaster is about to strike.
E．To achieve this, firstly, identify potential threatening situations.
F．Your local authority may order evacuations if a natural disaster is coming.
G．Sign up to receive alerts or updates from your local government or weather service.
【答案】1．D 2．E 3．C 4．G 5．F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章建议家庭制定一个应急计划，以防发生自然灾害。
1．上文“The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening, but preparing for the most likely disasters, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, fires, and winter storms, is necessary. (想到自然灾害可能会让人害怕，但为最可能发生的灾难做好准备，如龙卷风、飓风、洪水、火灾和冬季风暴，是必要的)”说明各种各样的自然灾害都有可能发生，选项D“你可能不知道什么样的灾难即将来临。”承接上文，说明自然灾害是无常的，人们可能不知道会遇到什么样的灾难。故选D项。
2．上文“More importantly, you have to monitor potential (潜在的) disasters. (更重要的是，你必须监控潜在的灾难)”说明监控潜在灾难的重要性，选项E“要做到这一点，首先，识别潜在威胁的情况。”承接上文，建议识别潜在威胁的情况。选项中potential threatening situations和上文中potential disasters语义一致。故选E项。
3．下文“If your family is at risk for exposure to a natural disaster, explain to them what’s happening. Review your emergency preparedness plan so that everyone knows what to do in the event of a disaster. (如果你的家人有遭受自然灾害的风险，向他们解释要发生什么。回顾你的应急准备计划，以便每个人都知道在灾难发生时该做什么)”建议要让家人对灾难都有所准备，选项C“其次，让家庭成员为可能发生的事情做好准备。”概括本段大意，说明要让家人有所准备。故选C项。
4．下文“In this way, you’ll be well informed of what’s happening. (用这种方法，你会很清楚将会发生什么事)”说明这种方法能清楚将来会发生什么事，选项G“注册接收当地政府或气象服务的警报或更新。”和下文存在因果关系。下文中this way指选项中所提供的方法，语义一致。故选G项。
5．下文“So be sure to follow their instructions. (所以一定要听从他们的指示)”说明要听从指挥，选项F“如果自然灾害即将来临，当地政府可能会下令疏散。”和下文存在因果关系。下文中代词their指代选项中Your local authority，语义一致。故选F项。
（福建省福州市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末质量抽测英语试卷）
It’s strange, but I don’t really remember much about the hurricane itself. ____1____ I was sitting in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap, when the roof just flew off. All of a sudden, there was sky where the roof had been. I was so frightened that I just froze(保住不动).
Mom cried to get out quickly, but it was already too late by then. The rain was coming down so hard and so fast. ____2____ We were going nowhere.
At first, I was pleased we could stay at home, but soon it got really difficult. ____3____ There was water everywhere, but we couldn’t drink any of it or else we’d get really sick. We just had drinking water that was sent to us by helicopter, but it was never enough. It was August, so it was really, really hot and it smelled so bad everywhere! I just spent the days watching the boats going up and down the street and looking out for Smartie. ____4____
Living in the open air, we became breakfast, lunch and dinner for the mosquitos(蚊子). But Mom said that whatever happens, we should always try to see the good side of things. ____5____ We had lost our home and everything in it. All we had left were the clothes on our backs. But thankfully, Smartie came home just in time. As Mom kept on reminding(提醒) us, we were all together and safe. Mom’s words made us feel better and gave us hope for the future.
A．It all happened so quickly.
B．We were so happy to take him with us.
C．It was difficult to stay positive, though.
D．Our street turned into a river in seconds.
E．He had disappeared the moment the storm hit.
F．Now, one year has passed and I’m back home.
G．Without a roof, staying inside was too dangerous.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．G 4．E 5．C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者经历的一场飓风灾难。
1．上文“It’s strange, but I don’t really remember much about the hurricane itself. (这很奇怪，但我真的不太记得飓风本身。)”说明作者遇到飓风灾难，选项A“一切发生得太快了。”承接上文，表示灾难发生得很快，引出下文“I was sitting in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap, when the roof just flew off. (我坐在我的房间里，我的猫，Smartie，在我的腿上，当屋顶刚刚飞开。)”具体描述飓风来的非常快。故选A项。
2．上文“The rain was coming down so hard and so fast. (雨下得又大又快。)”说明雨非常大，选项D“我们的街道在几秒钟内就变成了一条河。”承接上文，下文“We were going nowhere. (我们哪里也去不了。)”又和选项之间存在因果关系。故选D项。
3．上文“At first, I was pleased we could stay at home, but soon it got really difficult. (起初，我很高兴我们可以待在家里，但很快就变得非常困难。)”说明待在家里非常困难，选项G“没有屋顶，待在里面太危险了。”承接上文，说明具体困难，里面的危险，引出下文“There was water everywhere, but we couldn’t drink any of it or else we’d get really sick.(到处都是水，但我们不能喝，否则就会生病。)”说明困难和危险所在。故选G项。
4．上文“I just spent the days watching the boats going up and down the street and looking out for Smartie. (我只是整天看着船在街上来来往往，寻找Smartie。)”，选项E“暴风雨一来，他就不见了。”和上文存在因果关系，因为猫不见了，所以寻找猫。He指Smartie，故选E项。
5．上文“But Mom said that whatever happens, we should always try to see the good side of things. (但是妈妈说不管发生什么事，我们都应该看到事物好的一面。)”说明要看到事物好的一面，选项C“但是很难保持积极。”转折上文语义，表示难以看到好的一面，引出下文“We had lost our home and everything in it. (我们失去了我们的家和里面的一切。)”。故选C项。
（云南省昆明市五华区2022-2023学年高一上学期2月期末英语试题）
What to Do During a Flood Warning?
Floods are among the most frequent and costly natural disasters in terms of human hardship and economic loss. Here are some tips to keep you stay safe during a flood warning:
____1____ A warning means a flood is coming or is happening in the area.
Follow the instructions and advice of local authorities. _____2_____
If you live in a flood-prone area or think you are at risk, evacuate immediately. Move to a safe area early before access is cut off by flood water. Save yourself, not your valuable things. ____3____And evacuation is much simpler without carrying too many belongings.
If outdoors, climb to high ground and stay there. Move away from dangerous flood water. If you come upon a flowing stream, stop, turn around and go another way. Never try to walk or swim through such swift water. Most flood deaths are caused by people attempting to pass through water. ____4____
When driving, if your vehicle becomes surrounded by water or the engine stalls, do not attempt to cross flowing streams. ____5____ Many deaths have resulted from attempts to move stalled (熄火的) vehicles.
A．Warn residents against flooding.
B．Look out for the alarms of flooding.
C．They are the most informed about affected areas.
D．Evacuation is much safer before flood water becomes deeper.
E．Abandon your vehicle immediately and climb to higher ground.
F．When moving, your safety is more important than any other thing.
G．If it is moving swiftly, even water six inches deep can sweep you off your feet.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．F 4．G 5．E
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在洪水警报时的应对措施。
1．空格处是段落首句，是本段的中心句。根据后句“A warning means a flood is coming or is happening in the area.(警告意味着洪水即将到来或正在该地区发生。)”可知，当有山洪警告发布的时候，你应该做的是留意洪水警报，因为警报意味着洪水要靠近了或该处发生了洪水。所以选择项B“Look out for the alarms of flooding.(注意洪水的警报。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
2．根据前句“Follow the instructions and advice of local authorities.(遵循当地政府的指示和建议。)”可知，本段主要讲要听从当地权威机构的指示和建议，因为他们最了解当地的情况。所以选择项C“They are the most informed about affected areas.(他们最了解受影响地区的情况。)” 符合上下文语境。故选C。
3．根据前句“Save yourself, not your valuable things. (拯救你自己，而不是你有价值的东西。)”和后句“And evacuation is much simpler without carrying too many belongings.(而且不用携带太多物品，撤离就简单多了。)”可知，你的安全比任何事情都重要，少带些东西撤离就会简单得多。所以选择项F“When moving, your safety is more important than any other thing. (在撤离的时候，你的安全比任何事情都重要。)” 符合上下文语境。故选F。
4．根据前文“Never try to walk or swim through such swift water. Most flood deaths are caused by people attempting to pass through water. (千万不要试图在这样湍急的水中行走或游泳。大多数洪水死亡是由于人们试图通过水造成的。)”可知，大多数洪水造成的死亡是由于洪水移动得很快。所以选择项G“If it is moving swiftly, even water six inches deep can sweep you off your feet. (如果它移动得很快，即使是六英寸深的水也能把你冲走。)” 符合上下文语境。故选G。
5．根据前句“When driving, if your vehicle becomes surrounded by water or the engine stalls, do not attempt to cross flowing streams. (在驾驶时，如果你的车辆被水包围或引擎熄火，不要试图穿越流动的溪流。)” 和后句“Many deaths have resulted from attempts to move stalled (熄火的) vehicles. (许多人死于试图移动停滞的车辆。)”可知，遇到车辆被水包围应该立即弃车逃生。所以选择项E“Abandon your vehicle immediately and climb to higher ground. (立即弃车，爬到高处。)” 符合上下文语境。故选E。
（江西省南昌市2022-2023学年高一上学期2月期末英语试题）
Nobody likes the possibility of a crisis occurring, but disaster preparation is a necessity.
Earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, fires, and other disasters can occur with little or no warning. A disaster can cause even the calmest people to panic. _____1_____
Create a disaster kit
This kit should contain the basic necessities that you would need in the event of a dangerous situation. _____2_____. Basic first aid supplies, a change of clothes for each person in your household, and copies of important identification documents should also be included in your kit.
_____3_____
This type of disaster preparation is the best way to make sure everyone in your home understands disaster preparedness. It may frighten small children, however, so don’t go into any more detail than necessary. Young children need to understand escape routes from your home. Older children can be shown the location of the disaster kit, taught to shut off gas and electricity, and instructed on how to operate a fire extinguisher (灭火器).
Plan ahead
When conducting a disaster drill (演习), keep in mind that members of your family may not all be together when a disaster occurs. ____4____, so it’s smart to have a disaster preparation plan for how you will reconnect with loved ones. You can agree to meet in a safe place in your neighborhood, such as a church, school, or shopping mall.
Learn first aid
_____5_____. In the United States, you can contact the local American Red Cross chapter to register for a class that will provide the training you need in these areas. There are also various websites offering online lessons.
A．Work together as a team
B．Schedule regular disaster drills
C．Phone services may not be available
D．This includes foods and drinking water for three days
E．So take the time to learn about preparing for emergency
F．It may take some time for emergency workers to reach you
G．This is a great way to make your disaster preparation complete
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是没有人喜欢发生危机的可能性，但灾难准备是必要的。文章从几个方面介绍了如何为灾难做准备。
1．根据前文“A disaster can cause even the calmest people to panic.(灾难甚至会使最冷静的人感到恐慌。)”可知，此处强调即使最冷静的人对灾难也会感到恐慌，因此后文应该强调对灾难做好准备。E选项“So take the time to learn about preparing for emergency.(所以花点时间学习应急准备。)”承上启下，与上文构成因果关系，同时引出下文对灾难如何做好准备，符合文意。故选E。
2．根据前文的“This kit should contain the basic necessities that you would need in the event of a dangerous situation. (这个包应该包含你在危险情况下需要的基本必需品。)”可知，此处强调的是在突发灾难前应该准备好基本的生活必需品。后文应该对此进行解释。D选项“This includes foods and drinking water for three days.(这包括三天的食物和饮用水。)”承接前文，说明这些生活必需品具体包含什么，符合语境。故选D。
3．本空为小标题段落。根据后文的“This type of disaster preparation is the best way to make sure everyone in your home understands disaster preparedness. It may frighten small children, however, so don’t go into any more detail than necessary. Young children need to understand escape routes from your home. Older children can be shown the location of the disaster kit, taught to shut off gas and electricity, and instructed on how to operate a fire extinguisher (灭火器).(这种类型的灾难准备是确保家里每个人都了解灾难准备的最佳方式。然而，这可能会吓到小孩子，所以除非必要，不要讲得太详细。年幼的孩子需要了解从家里逃生的路线。大一点的孩子可以看到救灾包的位置，教他们关闭煤气和电力，并指导他们如何操作灭火器。)”可知，本段讲要让孩子们知道些防灾常识，要进行演练。B选项“Schedule regular disaster drills.(安排定期的灾难演练。)”概括本段内容，符合文意。故选B。
4．根据后文的“so it’s smart to have a disaster preparation plan for how you will reconnect with loved ones.(因此，为如何与所爱的人重新联系做好灾难准备是明智的。)”可知，此处强调应该提前与所爱的人做好灾难中重新联系的准备是明智的，设空处应该指出这样做的原因。C选项“Phone services may not be available.(电话服务可能无法使用。)”指出原因，引起下文。故选C。
5．根据本段标题“Learn first aid(学习急救)”可知，后文应该强调学习急救的重要性。G选项“This is a great way to make your disaster preparation complete.(这是完成灾难准备的好方法。)”中的“this”指代前文的“学习急救”，指出学习急救是完成灾难准备的好方法。故选G。
（辽宁省协作校2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题）
China is one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world. There are many kinds of disasters, with wide distribution, high frequency and heavy losses. In the background of global climate change, major natural disasters occur from time to time. ____1____ It makes China face even much severe and complex situation. In order to rase the awareness of disaster prevention and minimize the losses, warnings and instructions are give to the public. ____2____ Let’s have a look.
Fire
When a fire breaks out, smoke threatens mostly. ____3____ Roll on the ground if you find your clothes on fire. It is too dangerous to take the elevator in this situation, so it is better to use a bundle of rope and safely slide down from the balcony. Jumping off the building blindly will cause serious injuries.
Mud-rock flow
Rainstorm may cause mud-rock flow, an it’s really dangerous to stay downstream. When you try to escape from it, instead of going along the bottom of the ditch, it is much wiser to climb up the mountain horizontally quickly. Please escape from ditch when selecting camping field. It’s important to check the weather when going into the mountain
Flood
____4____ We could use a wooden bed or table to make a raft and tie it to a big tree with a safety.  rope. We have to prepare food and warm clothes to get through it.
Lightning strike
On cloudy and rainy days, a lightning strike may happen. ____5____ Of course, you also should stay away from iron tower poles. We need to pay attention to it even when we stay at home. Close the doors, windows and cut off the power.
A．Cut off the power and shut off water sources.
B．Please don’t stand under the tree in such kind of weather.
C．Try to find a higher place, but staying on a roof isn’t a good choice.
D．First you need to take shelter, then find a gap under the table or bed.
E．Losses caused by natural disaster in China are continuously increasing.
F．They also play a part in popularizing the knowledge and self-rescue skills.
G．In that case, please cover your nose and your mouth with a wet towel.
【答案】1．E 2．F 3．G 4．C 5．B
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种重大自然灾害下的防灾自救知识。
1．前文“In the background of global climate change, major natural disasters occur from time to time. (在全球气候变化的背景下，重大自然灾害时有发生)”以及后文“It makes China face even much severe and complex situation. (这使中国面临更加严峻和复杂的形势)”故E项“中国自然灾害造成的损失不断增加。”承接上文有许多自然灾害，损失不断增加引出下文面临更严峻和复杂的形式。故选E项。
2．前文“In order to rase the awareness of disaster prevention and minimize the losses, warnings and instructions are give to the public. (为了提高防灾意识，最大限度地减少损失，政府向公众发出警告和指示)”故F项“他们还在普及知识和自救技能方面发挥了作用。”与前文为并列关系。故选F项。
3．前文“When a fire breaks out, smoke threatens mostly. (当火灾发生时，烟雾威胁最大)”故G项“那样的话，请用湿毛巾捂住鼻子和嘴巴。”是火灾发生时避免烟雾威胁的措施。故选G项。
4．结合小标题“Flood(洪水)”可知，本段主要讲述洪水来临时的办法。故C项“试着找一个更高的地方，但是呆在屋顶上不是一个好的选择。”符合此处洪水来临时的语境。故选C项。
5．前文“On cloudy and rainy days, a lightning strike may happen. (在阴天和雨天，可能会发生雷击)”故B项“在这样的天气里，请不要站在树下。”符合此处语境，下雨天站在树下十分危险。故选B项。
（辽宁省县级重点高中协作体2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题）
In 2004, a tsunami (海啸) around the Indian Ocean killed at least 25000 people across a dozen countries. The huge death was in part caused by the fact that many communities received no warming. ____1____
Yet in the minutes and hours before the walls of water up to 9m high went through coastlines, some animals seemed to sense the coming danger and make efforts to flee. Elephants ran for higher ground, and chickens abandoned low-lying nesting areas.____2____ .These accounts about animal behavior before disasters have inspired some researchers to devote serious scientific attention to the theory that animals may have inbuilt systems which can predict the upcoming natural disasters.
The researchers found evidence that the farm animals began to change their behavior up to 20 hours before an earthquake.____3____ Just two weeks before the earthquake, a series of strong perturbations (扰动) happened in local atmospheric electric charges every two to four minutes.
China has already created a Quake Alert system in Nanning, monitoring the behavior of animals much closer to the ground – specifically, snakes. “____4____ ”Jiang Weisong, the director of the organization said. “When an earthquake is about to occur, snakes will move out of their nests, even in winter.”
____5____ . And even if they do help, animal movements alone are unlikely to be enough to provide. People will need to rely on a combination of early warning signals to get the full picture.
A．Even dogs refused to go outdoors
B．Snakes are perhaps the most sensitive creatures to earthquakes
C．Local manmade early warning systems failed to raise any clear alarm
D．Some animals will make noise to tell the human beings of the accident
E．And scientists also found what might lead to the changes in local animal behavior
F．Finally we should make full use of the animal early warning systems in scientific research
G．Not all experts think that animal early warning systems are a reliable option for predicting disasters
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．G
【分析】这是一篇说明文。在发生自然灾害时，动物会出现一些异常行为进行预警，我们应该关注动物发出的灾害警告。
1．设空处位于段末，上文主要讲了印度洋发生的海啸造成了重大损失，下文第二段首句“Yet in the minutes and hours before the walls of water up to 9m high went through coastlines, some animals seemed to sense the coming danger and make efforts to flee.”出现转折，提到了灾难爆发前，一些动物感觉到了危险，由此可知上文段末句应与本句对应，与“动物预警”对应的应该是“人的预警”。C项“Local manmade early warning systems failed to raise any clear alarm.(当地的人工预警系统未能发出清晰的警报。)”一方面与上文提到的灾难对应，另一方面“manmade early warning system”与下文的“animals seemed to sense the coming danger”对应。故选C项。
2．上文“Elephants ran for higher ground, and chickens abandoned low-lying nesting areas.”提到了大象和鸡在灾难发生前的反应；下文“These accounts about animal behavior before disasters have inspired some researchers to devote serious scientific attention to the theory that animals may have inbuilt systems which can predict the upcoming natural disasters.”提到了这些动物在灾难发生前的行为引起了研究人员的关注，属于总结性的话语，由此可推知，中间还提到一类动物的反应。A项“Even dogs refused to go outdoors.(就连狗也不愿出门。)”恰好与上文存在递进关系。故选A项。
3．上文“The researchers found evidence that the farm animals began to change their behavior up to 20 hours before an earthquake.”提到了研究人员发现地震前一些家畜会出现异常行为。下文“Just two weeks before the earthquake, a series of strong perturbations (扰动) happened in local atmospheric electric charges every two to four minutes.”提到了地震发生前两周，当地大气电荷每两到四分钟就会发生强烈扰动，这是在分析动物行为异常的原因，故前后之间需要一个过渡句。E项“And scientists also found what might lead to the changes in local animal behavior.(科学家们还发现了可能导致当地动物行为变化的原因。)”中的“And scientists also found”与上文“scientists found”对应，“what might lead to the changes”与下文的内容对应。故选E项。
4．上文“China has already created a Quake Alert system in Nanning, monitoring the behavior of animals much closer to the ground – specifically, snakes.”提到了中国建立了地震预警系统，监测动物，尤其是蛇的行为；下文“When an earthquake is about to occur, snakes will move out of their nests, even in winter.”提到了蛇在地震发生前的特殊行为；由此可知，设空处还是在谈与蛇有关的事。B项“Snakes are perhaps the most sensitive creatures to earthquakes.(蛇可能是对地震最敏感的生物。)”与上下文对应。故选B项。
5．设空处位于段首，故需具有统领下文的作用。下文“And even if they do help, animal movements alone are unlikely to be enough to provide. People will need to rely on a combination of early warning signals to get the full picture.”提到了即使动物预警有帮助，但仅仅依靠动物运动来预警也不够，人类也需要依靠预警信号充分掌握具体情况。由此可推知，前面应该是提到有些人怀疑动物预警的可靠性。G项“Not all experts think that animal early warning systems are a reliable option for predicting disasters.(并非所有专家都认为动物早期预警系统是预测灾害的可靠选择)”恰好与下文具体内容对应。故选G项。
（广西河池市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考英语试题）
Unlike hurricanes or floods, earthquakes happen without warning and are usually followed by similar aftershocks, although the aftershocks are usually less powerful than the quake. If you find yourself in the middle of an earthquake, there’s often only a short time to decide what to do. ___1___
● Drop to the ground. The drop, cover, and hold on technique is the cousin of the famous “stop, drop and roll” for fires. While it’s not the only method of protecting yourself indoors during an earthquake, it is the preferred method of the Red Cross. Big earthquakes occur without much, if any, warning. ___2___ A small earthquake could turn into a big earthquake in a split-second; it’s better to be safe than sorry.
● Take cover. Get under a firm table or other piece of furniture. ___3___ If there isn’t a table or desk near you, cover your face and head with your arms and crouch (蜷缩) in an inside corner of the building.
● Hold on. ___4___ Hold on to whatever surface or platform you’ve gotten under and wait for the shaking to stop. If you were unable to find a surface to hide under, continue to keep your head protected by your arms and tucked (躲藏，隐藏) down low.
● ___5___ Researchers have shown that most injuries happen when people try to change the place of hiding or when the place is crowded and everyone has a goal to get outside safe.
A．Stay inside until it’s safe to get out.
B．In that case, move to the nearest safe place.
C．Stairs are dangerous places to walk during an earthquake.
D．So it’s recommended that you drop to the floor as soon as it hits.
E．If possible, stay away from windows and anything that could fall.
F．The ground maybe shaking and pieces of wood or brick could be falling.
G．Studying the following advice could be the difference between life and death.
【答案】1．G 2．D 3．E 4．F 5．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几条地震时该如何反应的建议。
1．上文“If you find yourself in the middle of an earthquake, there’s often only a short time to decide what to do.(如果你发现自己身处地震之中，通常只有很短的时间来决定该做什么)”说明身处地震中，决定该做什么的时间很短，G项“研究以下建议可能是生与死的区别。”承接上文，引出下文内容，符合题意。故选G。
2．本段标题句“Drop to the ground.(卧倒在地上)”说明本段给出的建议是卧倒在地，D项中drop to the floor是关键短语，D项“所以建议地震一发生你就卧倒在地。”符合本段主旨。故选D。
3．本段标题句“Take cover.(躲起来)”说明本段给出的建议是躲起来，以及上文“Get under a firm table or other piece of furniture.(躲到坚硬的桌子或其他家具下面)”说明躲起来时应注意的事项，E项“如果可能的话，远离窗户和任何可能坠落的物体。”继续介绍躲起来时的注意事项，符合题意。故选E。
4．下文“Hold on to whatever surface or platform you’ve gotten under and wait for the shaking to stop.(固守你已经到达的任何表面或平台下边，等待震动停止)”说明要待在相对安全的地方，等待震动停止，F项“地面可能会晃动，木块或砖块可能会掉落。”解释下文动作的原因，符合题意。故选F。
5．下文“Researchers have shown that most injuries happen when people try to change the place of hiding or when the place is crowded and everyone has a goal to get outside safe.(研究人员已经表明，大多数伤害发生在人们试图改变躲藏地点，或当这个地方很拥挤，每个人都有一个目标，以安全逃出的时候)”说明大多数伤害发生在人们试图改变躲藏的地点或者每个人都想出去时，A项“待在里面，直到出去是安全的。”说明在确认安全之前待在里面，引出下文内容，符合题意。故选A。
（山东省青岛市城阳区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题）
A tsunami is a series of huge waves that can kill many people and destroy a whole country. A terrible tsunami disaster happened on December 26, 2004. ____1____ It is said that it might not be the worst and a future tsunami in the Indian Ocean could affect Singapore, Somalia, Western Australia, and many other places.
The word “tsunami” comes from Japanese words. A tsunami can be caused by natural phenomenon such as landslides, volcanic eruptions, large asteroid impacts (小行星撞击地球), and earthquakes occurring underwater or close to a body of water. ____2____
A tsunami usually cannot be seen while it travels through deep water. ____3____ On December 26, 2004, some people saw the sea suddenly disappeared just before the waves came and knew that something was wrong. Some people managed to run fast from it and survived, but many people, who did not see any signs or did not run fast enough, died.
____4____ If you are in a coastal area where the water suddenly draws back, the only chance of survival is to run for high ground or for the high floors of high-rise buildings. But because it moves too fast for people to run from it, only those who are lucky manage to survive.
Since the tsunami of 2004, many people know more about tsunami. ____5____
A．The event forced officials to develop a better tsunami warning system.
B．It could also be caused by nuclear weapons that are exploded at sea.
C．It travels fast underwater, sometimes up to about 1,000 kilometers per hour.
D．The next time a tsunami strikes, hopefully more people will be able to survive.
E．Tsunami is a Japanese word for a harmful ocean wave caused by an undersea earthquake.
F．As a tsunami gets close to the shore, it becomes a series of waves up to 150 meters high.
G．On that day, a huge tsunami swept through the Indian Ocean killing about 300,000 people.
【答案】1．G 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是海啸这种自然灾害。
1．空前说“A terrible tsunami disaster happened on December 26, 2004.(2004年12月26日发生了一场可怕的海啸灾难。)”，空后说“It is said that it might not be the worst(据说这可能不是最糟糕的)”，因此空格处应该说2004年12月26日的海啸所导致的严重后果，G选项“On that day, a huge tsunami swept through the Indian Ocean killing about 300,000 people.(那天，一场巨大的海啸席卷了印度洋，造成30万人死亡。)”说明了前面描述的海啸的严重后果，因此符合语境，故选G。
2．空前说“A tsunami can be caused by natural phenomenon such as landslides, volcanic eruptions, large asteroid impacts (小行星撞击地球), and earthquakes occurring underwater or close to a body of water.(海啸可能是由自然现象引起的，如山体滑坡、火山爆发、大型小行星撞击以及发生在水下或水体附近的地震。)”，B选项“It could also be caused by nuclear weapons that are exploded at sea.(它也可能是由在海上爆炸的核武器引起的。)”中的“could also be caused by”和前面的“can be caused by”相呼应，说明了导致海啸的另外的原因，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
3．空后说“On December 26, 2004, some people saw the sea suddenly disappeared just before the waves came and knew that something was wrong.(2004年12月26日，在海浪到来，人们知道出事之前，一些人看到大海突然消失了。)”，说明海啸的速度很快，C选项“It travels fast underwater, sometimes up to about 1,000 kilometers per hour.(它在水下的速度很快，有时可以达到每小时1000公里。)”说明了海啸的速度很快，和后文内容承接，符合语境，故选C。
4．空后说“If you are in a coastal area where the water suddenly draws back, the only chance of survival is to run for high ground or for the high floors of high-rise buildings.(如果你在水突然退来的沿海地区，唯一的生存机会是跑向高地或高层建筑的高层。)”，F选项“As a tsunami gets close to the shore, it becomes a series of waves up to 150 meters high.(当海啸靠近海岸时，它会形成一系列高达150米的海浪。)”中的“gets close to the shore”和后文的“a coastal area where the water suddenly draws back”相呼应，说明了海啸引起的浪很巨大，且和后文的“the only chance of survival is to run”相呼应，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。
5．空前说“Since the tsunami of 2004, many people know more about tsunami.(自从2004年的海啸之后，很多人对海啸有了更多的了解。)”，空后应说人们更多地了解海啸将会有什么好处，D选项“The next time a tsunami strikes, hopefully more people will be able to survive.(下次海啸来袭时，希望有更多的人能够幸存。)”说明了作者希望人们更多地了解海啸，好找到方法幸存，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
（贵州省威宁县2021-2022学年高一上学期素质教育期末测试英语试题）
Earthquakes happen without warning (前兆). They can happen any time of a day, at any point during the year. But don’t worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt. ____1____ However, it’s important to know what to do when an earthquake is happening.
____2____ You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings. If you are outside, stay away from buildings and power lines (输电线).
Stay under a desk, table, or other strong furniture. Hold on to it. Or stay in a corner of the building. Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing. ____3____
Also keep away from a fire. ____4____
If you are driving when an earthquake happens, stop the car if it’s safe. Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops, and don’t drive near bridges. Try not to stop by power lines or trees.
____5____
A．Do not go outside.
B．These could fall and hurt you.
C．Only a few big ones hurt people.
D．Every earthquake can cause disaster.
E．You could fall down and burn yourself on the fire.
F．Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.
G．Most people get injured by falling things in an earthquake, not by the shaking itself.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了地震发生时应该怎么做。
1．根据空前一句“But don’t worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt.(但不用担心，因为大多数地震都很微弱，感觉不到)”可知，大部分地震是小地震，没什么伤害，C项“只有少数大地震会伤害到人。”承接前文，与前面形成对比。故选C项。
2．根据空后“You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings.(你可能会因为掉落的玻璃或建筑物的一部分而受伤)”可知，如果在外面会因为掉落的建筑物而受伤，所以空处应是建议A项“不要去室外。”故选A项。
3．空前两句“Or stay in a corner of the building. Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing.(或者躲在大楼的角落里。用胳膊遮住脸和头，用毛巾或衣服遮住嘴)”讲述地震发生时在室内要采取的措施，F项“在晃动停止并确认外出安全后，方可离开室内”承接前文，符合语境，故选F项。
4．根据空前一句“Also keep away from a fire.(也要远离火源)”可知，此处讲述地震发生时要远离火，E项“你可能跌倒，被火烧伤。”符合语境，故选E项。
5．根据空前一句“Try not to stop by power lines or trees.(尽量不要停留在电线或或树木旁边)”可知，B项“这些可能掉落下来伤到你”讲述原因，故选B项。
（贵州省黔东南州2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题）
Trust me, you don't want to get caught under a tsunami! Tsunamis are one of the world's most powerful natural forces. ______1______
But do you know exactly what a tsunami is? It is huge, powerful waves in the ocean that grow as they reach the shore. ______2______An earthquake happens when a big piece of the Earth's crust（地壳）suddenly moves. When the piece of ocean floor moves, it creates big holes. The water floods in to fill these holes. When the water moves that quickly, it creates a huge wave. ______3______
Other natural disasters like landslides, volcanic eruptions, and glaciers breaking off can also cause tsunamis. Once the water starts moving because of the force of the disaster, large waves begin to spread. ______4______They have been recorded at speeds from 400 up to 500 miles per hour! They can also move across very long distances.
At first, the waves of the tsunami may not seem that tall. That's because when the waves travel through the deep parts of the ocean, the top of each wave is very short. But as that wave comes near to the coast, it grows in height. ______5______If you are sitting on a beach, you may not see the wave coming at first. But when the wave arrives, it will be like a towering wall of water. Some waves are as tall as 100 feet high.
A．They can cause great damage.
B．This is how tsunamis are born!
C．These waves can move very fast.
D．Remember, the tsunami travels quickly.
E．A tsunami wave is a force of Nature.
F．Tsunamis, are also known as seismic waves.
G．Most tsunamis are actually caused by earthquakes.
【答案】1．A 2．G 3．B 4．C 5．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是海啸的相关信息。
1．空格前说“Tsunamis are one of the world's most powerful natural forces.（海啸是世界上最强大的自然力量之一。）”，A选项“They can cause great damage.（它们能造成巨大的破坏。）”中的“They”指代前面的“Tsunamis”，“cause great damage”说明了前面的“是世界上最强大的自然力量之一”，因此A选项承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
2．空格后说“An earthquake happens when a big piece of the Earth's crust（地壳）suddenly moves.（当一大块地壳突然移动时，地震就发生了。）”，G选项“Most tsunamis are actually caused by earthquakes.（大多数海啸实际上是由地震引起的。）”中的“earthquakes”和后面的“An earthquake”相呼应，是单词的重复出现，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
3．空格前说“When the piece of ocean floor moves, it creates big holes. The water floods in to fill these holes. When the water moves that quickly, it creates a huge wave.（当这片海底移动时，就会产生大洞。水涌进来填满了这些洞。当水流速度如此之快时，就会产生巨大的波浪。）”，这介绍的是海啸的形成过程，B选项“This is how tsunamis are born!（海啸就是这样产生的！）”承接上文叙述的海啸的形成过程，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
4．空格后说“They have been recorded at speeds from 400 up to 500 miles per hour!（它们的速度可以达到每小时400到500英里！）”，说明了波浪移动的速度很快，C选项“These waves can move very fast.（这些波浪可以移动得非常快。）”引出空格后所说的波浪移动的速度很快，因此C选项引起下文，符合语境，故选C。
5．空格前说“But as that wave comes near to the coast, it grows in height.（但当海浪靠近海岸时，它的高度就会增加。）”，空格后说“If you are sitting on a beach, you may not see the wave coming at first. But when the wave arrives, it will be like a towering wall of water.（如果你坐在沙滩上，一开始你可能不会看到海浪袭来。但当海浪袭来时，它会像一堵高耸的水墙。）”，只有在海啸移动非常快的时候才会有那么高的水墙，D选项“Remember, the tsunami travels quickly.（记住，海啸移动很快。）”正好说明了这一点，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。