2023年山东省济南市历城区中考英语二模试卷（含解析）

这是一份2023年山东省济南市历城区中考英语二模试卷（含解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了  A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年山东省济南市历城区中考英语二模试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。



Ever since "Mother Nature" gave me life,I expected to grow tall and big.
As a young(1)，I was well protected in the forest.I used to(2) a good time with my friends under the blue sky and (3) the river.Our only purpose was to stand high.My pal,Tim often said,"All I ask for is to be(4)the whole day."
More than 300 days passed and we grew straight.Until one day,our(5)birthday,people came,moved us from the(6)and put us on their trucks. "I don't want to go!" Tim cried.
After a long journey,we arrived in a completely different place with (7)green.Here we were planted in a line.(8) the wind blew strongly.I could not even open my eyes to see Tim (9) beside me.So we needed enough (10) to grow thicker and higher to stop the wind.
As time went by,we finally(11)much stronger.I could keep my eyes open in the wind!I even found the blue sky was back!
This was no longer a no-man's-land,and hundreds of visitors came here.A man took a picture of us with his (12)，"Thank you.We can enjoy clear days(13)worrying about sand storms."A young girl jumping up and down came over and (14) me."Thank you,"she said,"It's you that have turned the desert into a green land!"
Tim and I smiled at each other,feeling (15).The sun was shining brightly in the bluer sky.
1.  A. tree B. fish C. girl D. boy
2.  A. choose B. forget C. have D. miss
3.  A. in B. along C. under D. on
4.  A. smart B. happy C. busy D. thin
5.  A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
6.  A. beach B. lake C. house D. earth
7.  A. all B. nothing C. anything D. everything
8.  A. Though B. Unless C. Because D. Until
9.  A. clearly B. greatly C. kindly D. widely
10.  A. desert B. wind C. sand D. water
11.  A. became B. smelt C. sounded D. remained
12.  A. radio B. keyboard C. backpack D. camera
13.  A. from B. about C. without D. of
14.  A. asked B. hugged C. invited D. kicked
15.  A. tired B. bored C. proud D. surprised
16. A：Excuse me.I'm new here.I'm afraid I get lost.Could you help me？
B：Of course.（1） ______
A：I'm going to Changqing Garden Expo Park.
B：You can go along Daxue Road and turn right when you see the supermarket.
A：（2） ______
B：About half an hour.
A：Well.（3） ______
B：Yes，bus No.3 can take you there.
A：Great.Is there a bus station near here？
B：Let me see...Oh，the bus station is over there.（4） ______
A：It's very kind of you.Thank you very much.
B：（5） ______
(1) A.What's the weather like？
B.How is it going？
C.Where are you going？
D.How are you？
(2) A.Who are you waiting for？
B.How long does it take to walk there？
C.How do you get there？
D.What can I do for you？
(3) A.Can I take a bus？
B.Would you join me？
C.Did he use to wear glasses？
D.Can you come to my party？
(4) A.I eat lots of vegetables.
B.My hobby is watching TV.
C.It's sunny and warm.
D.You can follow me.
(5) A.You are welcome.
B.I hope so.
C.I don't think so.
D.You are right.
C
Tom was from a poor family.His father was a poor worker.His mother had no job and she was often ill.Tom liked drawing pictures and he hoped to be an artist.But everybody said that it was impossible for him to be an artist and made fun of his dream.Tom was sad，but he didn't want to give up his dream.
One day，Tom heard that there was going to be a drawing competition the next month，and anyone aged over 13 was welcome.The winner would get a prize of ＄10，000.Tom thought about it and decided to take part in the competition.
That month seemed the longest month in Tom's life.Every day when he got home from school，a pencil and a piece of paper were the first things in his hands.Finally，the day of the competition came.Tom finished his drawing quickly.
After two weeks，Tom got a letter.He was too afraid to open it.At last，He opened it slowly.Just as he read the first sentence，he began crying.However，they were not tears of sadness.They were tears of happiness!
17. Tom's ______ was often ill.
A. father B. mother C. sister D. brother
18. Tom's dream was to be ______ .
A. a farmer B. a worker C. an actor D. an artist
19. People over ______ years old could take part in the competition.
A. 10 B. 11 C. 12 D. 13
20. Before the competition，Tom tried hard to ______ .
A. practice drawing B. do some housework
C. borrow some money D. help his friends
21. From the last paragraph，we know ______ .
A. Tom got a letter from his aunt B. the letter made Tom sad
C. Tom failed in the competition D. Tom won the competition
D
Apps can teach you things or let you have fun.The following are some apps that you may use in daily lives.


Kindle
Do you love to read？Do you wish that you could bring all of your books with you everywhere you go？Kindle allows you to do so.This app has over a million free e-books to download.With Kindle，you can read anything from comic books and novels to magazines and newspapers.

Calm
Calm is an app that can help you relax and sleep better.It has a lot of features to help you relax.For example，it has calming sounds like ocean waves （波浪） and rain.

RunKeeper
Sometimes the hardest part of exercising is getting started.If you want to get started，you'd better try RunKeeper.It is a good app that can help you exercise.Are you ready to start？If so，RunKeeper will always be with you.

Pocket
If you don't have enough time to read news stories or watch videos，Pocket can help you save all of them online.Then you can read them or watch them when you are free.You can view them offline，too.Besides，it can also help you organize the things you have saved.

22. How many apps above can help you to read？ ______
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
23. What can't the app "Pocket" help you do？ ______
A. Read news stories.
B. Watch videos.
C. Organize the things you have saved.
D. Relax and sleep better.
24. Which of the following apps may help you exercise？ ______
A. Kindle. B. Pocket. C. RunKeeper. D. Calm.
25. What's special about Calm？ ______
A. It can save your time online.
B. It offers all kinds of books.
C. It has sounds that help you relax.
D. It is with you when you exercise.
26. Where is the text most probably from？ ______
A. A technology magazine. B. A sports report.
C. A health website. D. A research paper.
E
Walk or drive to work？Which way is lower in carbon （碳）？To be friendly to the environment，you may choose to walk.Have you ever tried to live a low-carbon life through your diet （日常饮食）？
A new study from the University of Oxford has looked into the health and environmental influences of 15 foods common in western diets.Among these，plant based （基于植物的） foods included fruits，vegetables，nuts and potatoes.It also studied animal-based foods，including red meat，chicken，milk products，eggs and fish.
According to the study's lead researcher，Michael Clark， "Choosing better and greener diets is one of the main ways people can improve their health and protect the environment." That is to say，plant-based diets are much healthier for us and kinder to the environment.
To get this result，researchers compared the influence of eating another portion （一份） of each food with the increased risk of a few illnesses.They also found out the environmental harm for each animal-based food and each plant-based food.
By using this method，the study found that red meats were the most unfriendly foods to the environment.Keeping farm animals produces a large number of methane （甲烷） that keeps 30 times more heat than CO2.As well as making the earth warmer，eating too much red meat is known to increase the risk of a few illnesses，such as heart trouble.
Plant-based diets can give us the same health benefits in a much greener way.According to the study，without eating or using meat and milk products，global farmland use could be cut down by more than 75% and still feed the world.
Speaking to the Guardian （英国卫报），Tim Benton of Chatham House （英国皇家国际事务研究所） said，"If we can give people reasonable official （官方的） advice of what a healthy and green diet is，the world and its people would be in a much better place."
27. Which one is animal-based food？ ______
A. Milk products. B. Fruits. C. Potatoes. D. Vegetables.
28. What's the result of this study？ ______
A. Many people choose to walk to work.
B. Plant-based diets are healthier and greener.
C. The more we eat，the better the environment is.
D. 15 foods common in western diets are not healthy.
29. What is the main idea of paragraph 5？ ______
A. The harm of CO2. B. The risk of heart trouble.
C. A reason for keeping animals. D. Two disadvantages of red meats.
30. What does the underlined word " benefits" in paragraph 6 mean in Chinese？ ______
A. 问题 B. 害处 C. 益处 D. 赞扬
31. What will this study probably be used for？ ______
A. Teaching farmers to plant vegetables correctly.
B. Offering doctors new methods to treat patients.
C. Guiding people to lose weight by doing exercise.
D. Giving official advice on health and environment.
F
China now has more than 30，000 kilometers of high speed track （轨道），and this is expected to increase to 38，000 kilometers by 2025，fully two thirds of the world's high speed rail （by length） is in China.Here，we track the exciting technological developments in high speed rail and consider their cultural influence.
While the main advantage of the high speed rail lines is convenience for people to get from one city to another as quickly as possible，some of these high speed lines have become popular tourist attractions （places that many tourists visit）.A good example of this is the Hefei-Fuzhou high speed line.Technically speaking，this was one of the most challenging high speed rail routes ever built nearly 90% of the track was laid either on bridges or in tunnels （隧道）.However，the amazing views are worth it，as the train goes through some of China's most beautiful mountainous areas，including the Huangshan and the Wuyi Mountains Ranges.
As China has gained skills and knowledge in high speed rail，it is trying to export （出口） its technology to other countries.Its first project on the international market was the line connecting Istanbul with Turkey's capital，Ankara，530 kilometers away.This was followed by projects among other countries.Perhaps its most challenging project is a Trans Asian network （横贯亚洲铁路网） connecting China with Europe.Although it is difficult，China will make every effort to take on this plan.It is hoped to be completed by 2030 as a part of China's Belt and Road Initiative （一带一路的倡议）.
Thanks to high speed rail，the travel time between main cities in China has already been reduced to only a few hours.So this convenience should improve the development within （在……内） and out of China.No doubt，it will also bring the people of the country closer together，and in time bring about deep social changes.
32. How many kilometers of high speed track does China have now？ ______
A. Over 38，000. B. Over 30，000. C. Over 45，000. D. Over 57，000.
33. Why does the writer talk about the Hefei-Fuzhou line in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. To prove how fast the high speed lines can be.
B. To stress how convenient the high speed lines are.
C. To explain high speed lines can be popular tourist attractions.
D. To show the technical development of the high speed lines.
34. What is the most challenging project that China plans to take on？ ______
A. Inventing faster trains.
B. Connecting China with Europe.
C. Designing and building its own trains.
D. Connecting the whole country in 2030.
35. What advantages does the high speed rail have？ ______
A. It should improve the development within and out of China.
B. It takes only a few hours to travel between main cities in China by high-speed train.
C. It will bring the people of the country closer together，and bring about deep social changes.
D. All the above.
36. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Racing to the Future.
B. Great Changes within and out of China.
C. Rising China in the World.
D. High Speed Rail within and out of China.
37. Logan Ober（1） ______ （be）a17- year- old high school student.He lives in California.
Last year，Logan surprised his computer teacher，Kristi McWilliams.Logan asked his teacher if he could try fixing some broken computers.She said yes.But she did not think he would be able （2） ______ （do） it.She was wrong.Logan returned several days later.He had fixed three（3） ______ （computer）!
" It's amazing，"McWilliams said.She said Logan might know（4） ______ （much） about fixing computers than she did.
Logan keeps fixing broken computers.After he fixes a computer，he gives it away.He gives some of the computers to people who need（5） ______ （they）.He gives some of them to non- profit groups.He（6） ______ （give） away more than thirty computers so far.Logan says fixing computers stops e- waste.E- waste comes（7） ______ old computers and other devices（设备）.These devices must be thrown away（8） ______ （correct）.If they aren't，they could hurt the environment.
Next year，Logan will go to college and he（9） ______ （study） computer science there.McWilliams is excited to see what Logan does.She hopes he will open（10） ______ computer repair shop someday.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
38. Sleep is a physical and mental （精神的） need.We all need to sleep，though the sleep hours are different from person to person.Doctors do not know why we need sleep，but they all agree that sleep is very important to us.（1） ______
One third of adults have sleeplessness.There are over 80 kinds of sleep-related disorders（失调）.（2） ______ They sleep as soon as their heads hit the pillows （枕头）.Do you sleep well？If you have sleeplessness，here are a few suggestions.
1）Make a timetable，and stick to it.
（ 3） ______ If your bedtime and wake-up time change from day to day or on weekends，your sleep rhythms （节奏） aren't predicted and the body doesn't know how to act.So it's important to have a regular wake-up time，even on weekends，vacations or after a night of poor sleep.
2）（4） ______
"The best sleep tip you can give somebody is to get up." sleep expert Grandner said. "Whether it's the beginning of the night or the middle of the night，if you've been awake for 20 or 30 minutes，get up and reset （重新调整）.Maybe you just need five minutes to get sleepy，or maybe an hour，but don't spend that time awake in bed."
3）Change your thinking about sleep.
"Many people regard sleeping as the final thing they have to do for daily activities.They would like to work or watch TV very late rather than sleep on time.（5） ______ " Grandner said.
"Don't see your sleep as the time you have left in your day，" he advised. "See your sleep as the time you need in order to prepare yourself for an energetic tomorrow."
"It may sound like a small change in thinking，but it's an important one，" Grandner added.

A.Don't lie in bed awake.
B.We need to sleep at regular times.
C.I don't know how to change that.
D.That thinking needs to be changed.
E.Without enough sleep，the body may be weak.
F.It's difficult to hold your attention for too long.
G.However，other adults are lucky and have no sleeping problems.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
39. A： ______
B：It's a ruler.


40. A：What do you often do on weekends？
B： ______


41. A：What is the girl doing？
B： ______


42. A：Did you go to school by bike yesterday？
B：No，I didn't. ______


43. What should we do to protect the environment？
______ .


44. 假设你是胜利中学的学生王杰，你和在济南上学的英国朋友Tom约好下周末去大明湖旅游，但你因故不能赴约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：
（1）表示歉意；
（2）解释原因；
（3）另约时间。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
相关词汇：apology n.道歉，道歉信
Dear Tom，
______
Best wishes!

Yours， Wang Jie

答案和解析

1~15.【答案】A、C、B、B、A、D、B、C、A、D、A、D、C、B、C
【解析】（1）名词辨析。A.树；B.鱼；C.女孩；D.男孩。根据I was well protected in the forest.（我在森林里得到很好的保护。）和 under the blue sky and _____ the river（在蓝天下在河边）可知我是一棵树。故选A。
（2）动词辨析。A.选择；B.忘记；C.有；D.错过。根据____a good time with my friends .（和我的朋友在一起度过开心的时光。）可知用固定短语have a good time（玩得开心）。故选C。
（3）介词辨析。A.在里面；B.沿着；C.在下面；D.在上面。根据_____ the river可知树木是沿着河岸种植的。故选B。
（4）形容词辨析。A.聪明的；B.快乐的；C.忙碌的；D.痩的。根据All I ask for is to be____the whole day.（我的所有要求就是一整天都____。）可知"快乐的"符合语境。故选B。
（5）序数词辨析。A.第一；B.第二；C.第三；D.第四。根据 More than 300 days passed （300多天过去了），可知是我的第一个生日。故选A。
（6）名词辨析。A.海滩；B.湖；C.房子；D.土壤。根据people came,moved us from the____and put us on their trucks.（人们来了，把我们从____移出来放到他们的卡车上。）可知是从土壤里移出。故选D。
（7）不定代词辨析。A.所有的；B.没有什么；C.每件事；D.任何事。根据下文It's you that have turned the desert into a green land！（正是你们把沙漠变成了绿洲！）可知这个地方没有绿植。故选B。
（8）连词辨析。A.尽管；B.除非；C.因为；D.直到。根据I could not even open my eyes to see Tim .（我甚至不能睁开眼睛看到Tim。）可知是因为风很大。故选C。
（9）副词辨析。A.清晰地；B.非常，大大地；C.和善地；D.广泛地。根据the wind blew strongly（风吹得很猛烈），可知我看不清楚旁边的Tim。故选A。
（10）名词辨析。A.沙漠；B.风；C.沙子；D.水。根据to grow thicker and higher to stop the wind（为了长得更茂密更高大阻挡大风），可知我们需要水。故选D。
（11）动词辨析。A.变成；B.闻起来；C.听起来；D.仍然是。根据As time went by,we finally____much stronger.（随着时光流逝，我们最终____更强壮。）可知是变得更强壮。故选A。
（12）名词辨析。A.收音机；B.键盘；C.背包；D.照相机。根据A man took a picture of us（一个男人给我们拍了照），可知是用照相机。故选D。
（13）介词辨析。A.从；B.关于；C.没有；D.......的。根据We can enjoy clear days（我们可以享受晴朗的日子），可知不用担心沙尘暴。故选C。
（14）动词辨析。A.问；B.拥抱；C.邀请；D.踢。根据"Thank you,"she said,"It's you that have turned the desert into a green land!"（"谢谢你，"她说，"正是你们把沙漠变成了绿洲！"）可知小女孩走过来拥抱了我。故选B。
（15）形容词辨析。A.累的；B.无聊的；C.自豪的；D.吃惊的。根据全文内容可知，我们被种植在沙漠里阻挡沙尘暴，可知我们是自豪的。故选C。
文章是一棵树的自述，讲述自己在恶劣的环境里坚韧不拔，最终变得强大，改善了人类的生活环境。
首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。

16.【答案】【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】A
【小题4】D
【小题5】A
【解析】（1）根据"I'm going to Changqing Garden Expo Park."（我要去长庆园博园。）可知，上文提问你打算去哪，特殊疑问词用where。故选C。
（2）根据"About half an hour."（大约半个小时。）可知，上文提问多长时间，用特殊疑问词How long。故选B。
（3）根据"Yes，bus No.3 can take you there."（是的，3路公共汽车可以带你去那里。）可知，上文为一般疑问句，且对话内容和乘坐公交车相关。故选A。
（4）根据"Let me see...Oh，the bus station is over there."（让我看看……哦，公交车站在那边。）及"It's very kind of you."（你真是太好了。）可知，B给A指路。故选D。
（5）根据"Thank you very much."（非常感谢。）可知，下文回答应为不客气，用You are welcome。故选A。
本文是A向B问路的对话。
根据问题选择合适的答语，注意汉语意思以及一些常用问题的回答术语。

17~21.【答案】B、D、D、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段His mother had no job and she was often ill.（他的母亲没有工作，经常生病。）可知，汤姆的母亲经常生病。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段But everybody said that it was impossible for him to be an artist and made fun of his dream.（但每个人都说他不可能成为一名艺术家，并取笑他的梦想。）可知，汤姆的梦想就是成为一个艺术家。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段and anyone aged over 13 was welcome.（欢迎13岁以上的人。）可知，每个13岁以上的人都可以参加该比赛。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段Every day when he got home from school，a pencil and a piece of paper were the first things in his hands.（每天当他放学回家时，一支铅笔和一张纸是他手里的第一件事。）可知，比赛前，汤姆努力的练习画画。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据最后一段However，they were not tears of sadness.They were tears of happiness!（然而，它们不是悲伤的泪水，而是幸福的泪水！）可知，汤姆是因为赢得了比赛而高兴的哭了。故选D。
本文讲述了来自贫寒家庭的汤姆非常喜欢画画，但是大家都说他不可能成为艺术家。但是他最终赢得了比赛，并获得了很多奖金。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

22~26.【答案】B、D、C、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据表格第一行：With Kindle，you can read anything from comic books and novels to magazines and newspapers.（有了Kindle，你可以阅读任何东西，从漫画书、小说到杂志和报纸。）以及表格第四行：If you don't have enough time to read news stories or watch videos，Pocket can help you save all of them online.（如果你没有足够的时间阅读新闻故事或观看视频，Pocket可以帮助你在线保存所有内容。）可知，Kindle和Pocket可以帮助阅读。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据表格第四行：If you don't have enough time to read news stories or watch videos，Pocket can help you save all of them online.Then you can read them or watch them when you are free.You can view them offline，too.Besides，it can also help you organize the things you have saved.（如果你没有足够的时间阅读新闻故事或观看视频，Pocket可以帮助你在线保存所有内容。然后当你有空你可以阅读或观看它们。你也可以离线查看它们。此外，它还可以帮助你整理你已经保存的东西。）可知，Pocket可以帮助你读新闻、看视频，但是不能帮助你放松和睡眠。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据表格第三行RunKeeper中It is a good app that can help you exercise.（这是一个很好的应用程序，可以帮助你锻炼。）可知，RunKeeper可以帮助人们锻炼。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据表格第二行Calm中It has a lot of features to help you relax.For example，it has calming sounds like ocean waves（波浪）and rain.（它有很多功能来帮助你放松。例如，它有海浪和雨水等平静的声音。）可推知，Calm的特别之处在于它有不同的声音来帮助你放松。故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了四款应用程序。所以这篇文章最有可能来自一本科技杂志。故选A。
本文主要介绍了四款应用程序。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。

27~31.【答案】A、B、D、C、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第2段"It also studied animal-based foods，including red meat，chicken，milk products，eggs and fish."（它还研究了动物性食物，包括红肉、鸡肉、奶制品、鸡蛋和鱼）可知，奶制品属于动物性食物。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第3段"That is to say，plant-based diets are much healthier for us and kinder to the environment."（也就是说，植物性饮食对我们更健康，对环境更友好。）可知，植物性饮食更健康、更环保。故选B。
（3）段落大意题。根据第5段"By using this method，the study found that red meats were the most unfriendly foods to the environment.Keeping farm animals produces a large number of methane （甲烷） that keeps 30 times more heat than CO2.As well as making the earth warmer，eating too much red meat is known to increase the risk of a few illnesses，such as heart trouble."（通过这种方法，研究发现红肉是对环境最不友好的食物。饲养农场动物会产生大量的甲烷，其保持的热量是二氧化碳的30倍。众所周知，吃太多红肉不仅会使地球变暖，还会增加患一些疾病的风险，比如心脏病。）可知，第五段主要介绍红肉的两个缺点。故选D。
（4）词义猜测题。根据第6段"According to the study，without eating or using meat and milk products，global farmland use could be cut down by more than 75% and still feed the world."（根据这项研究，如果不食用或使用肉类和奶制品，全球农田使用量可以减少75%以上，但仍能养活世界。）可知，此处意为植物性饮食能以更加绿色的方式给我们带来同样的健康益处。故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据第7段"Speaking to the Guardian （英国卫报），Tim Benton of Chatham House （英国皇家国际事务研究所） said， 'If we can give people reasonable official （官方的） advice of what a healthy and green diet is，the world and its people would be in a much better place.'"（英国皇家国际事务研究所的蒂姆•本顿在接受《卫报》采访时说："如果我们能给人们合理的官方建议，告诉他们什么是健康和绿色的饮食，世界和人类将会变得更加美好。"）可推知，这个研究可以用于提供健康和环境方面的官方建议。故选D。
本文介绍了低碳饮食的相关内容。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

32~36.【答案】B、C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"China now has more than 30，000 kilometers of high speed track （轨道），"（目前，中国高铁里程已超过3万公里。）可知，现在中国高铁里程已超过3万公里。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段"While the main advantage of the high speed rail lines is convenience for people to get from one city to another as quickly as possible，some of these high speed lines have become popular tourist attractions （places that many tourists visit）.A good example of this is the Hefei-Fuzhou high speed line."（虽然高铁线路的主要优点是方便人们尽可能快地从一个城市到另一个城市，但其中一些高铁线路已经成为受欢迎的旅游景点：许多游客参观的地方。合肥至福州高铁就是一个很好的例子。）可知，是为了解释高铁线路可以成为热门的旅游景点。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段"This was followed by projects among other countries.Perhaps its most challenging project is a Trans Asian network （横贯亚洲铁路网） connecting China with Europe."（紧随其后的是其他国家的项目。也许它最具挑战性的项目是连接中国和欧洲的泛亚网络。）可知，中国计划承担的最具挑战性的项目是连接中国和欧洲。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段"Thanks to high speed rail，the travel time between main cities in China has already been reduced to only a few hours.So this convenience should improve the development within （在……内） and out of China.No doubt，it will also bring the people of the country closer together，and in time bring about deep social changes."（由于高铁，中国主要城市之间的旅行时间已经缩短到只有几个小时。因此，这种便利应该会促进中国国内外的发展。毫无疑问，它还将使这个国家的人民更紧密地团结在一起，并最终带来深刻的社会变革。）可知，高铁的优势有：促进国内外的发展，乘坐高速列车在中国主要城市之间旅行只需几个小时，使该国人民更加紧密地团结在一起，并带来深刻的社会变革。故选D。
（5）标题归纳题。根据最后一段"No doubt，it will also bring the people of the country closer together，and in time bring about deep social changes."（毫无疑问，它也将使这个国家的人民更紧密地联系在一起，并及时带来深刻的社会变化。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国目前拥有超过3万公里的高速铁路，预计到2025年将增至3.8万公里。详细地介绍了中国高铁的发展和未来的计划等。所以最好的标题是"奔向未来"。故选A。
本文主要介绍了中国目前拥有超过3万公里的高速铁路，预计到2025年将增至3.8万公里。详细地介绍了中国高铁的发展和未来的计划等。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。

37.【答案】【小题1】is
【小题2】to  do
【小题3】computers
【小题4】more
【小题5】them
【小题6】has given
【小题7】from
【小题8】correctly
【小题9】will study/ is going to study
【小题10】a
【解析】（1）考查be动词。句意：Logan Ober是一名17岁的高中生，根据He lives in California.（他住在加利福尼亚州。）可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，be动词应该使用is。故填is。
（2）考查短语。句意：但她认为他做不到。be able to do"能够做某事"，固定搭配，故填to do。
（3）考查名词。句意：他已经修好了三台电脑！computer"电脑"，可数名词，此处被three修饰，应使用复数形式。故填computers。
（4）考查形容词比较级。句意：她说Logan可能比她更了解修理电脑。根据"than"可知，此处应用much的比较级形式more。故填more。
（5）考查代词。句意：他把一些电脑送给需要的人。根据He gives some of the computers to people who need...（他把一些电脑送给有需要的人......）可知，此空在动词need后，应使用人称代词的宾格形式作宾语。故填them。
（6）考查现在完成时。句意：目前为止，他已经赠送了三十多台电脑。根据"so far"可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语he为第三人称单数，所以谓语结构为has done。故填has given。
（7）考查介词。句意：电子垃圾来自旧电脑和其他设备。根据E-waste comes...old computers and other devices.（电子垃圾来自旧电脑和其他设备。）可知，此处指电子垃圾来自旧电脑和其他设备，"来自"come from，固定搭配。故填from。
（8）考查副词。句意：这些设备必须正确丢弃。根据These devices must be thrown away.（这些设备必须扔掉。）可知，空处修饰动词词组throw away，应使用副词形式。故填correctly。
（9）考查一般将来时。句意：明年，Logan将上大学，他将在那里学习计算机科学。根据Next year（明年）可知，句子时态为一般将来时，主语Logan为第三人称单数，所以谓语结构为will do/is going to do。故填will study/is going to study。
（10）考查冠词。句意：她希望他能开一家电脑维修店。根据She hopes he will open..computer repair shop someday.（她希望他能开......电脑维修店。）可知，此处泛指一家电脑维修店"，且"computer"以辅音音素开头，应使用不定冠词a。故填a。
本文主要讲了一名来自加利福尼亚州的十七岁的高中生Logan喜欢修电脑，这样能减少电子垃圾的产生，保护环境，明年他还将进入大学学习计算机科学。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。

38.【答案】【小题1】E
【小题2】G
【小题3】B
【小题4】A
【小题5】D
【解析】（1）根据空前"Doctors do not know why we need sleep，but they all agree that sleep is very important to us."（医生不知道我们为什么需要睡眠，但他们都认为睡眠对我们非常重要。）可知，这里应该说睡眠对我们来说非常重要的原因。选项E"睡眠不足，身体可能会虚弱。"符合语境。故选E。
（2）根据空前"One third of adults have sleeplessness.There are over 80 kinds of sleep-related disorders （失调）."（三分之一的成年人失眠。有80多种与睡眠有关的疾病。）可知，这里应该说没有睡眠问题的人，选项G"然而，其他成年人很幸运，没有睡眠问题。"符合语境。故选G。
（3）根据第3段"Make a timetable，and stick to it."（制定一个时间表，并坚持下去。）可知，这里与定时睡觉有关，选项B"我们需要定时睡觉。"符合语境。故选B。
（4）根据空后"The best sleep tip you can give somebody is to get up."（你能给别人的最好的睡眠建议就是起床。）可知，这里说的是起床，选项A"不要醒着躺在床上。"符合语境。故选A。
（5）根据第7段"Change your thinking about sleep."（改变你对睡眠的看法。）可知，这里是说改变想法，选项D"这种想法需要改变。"符合语境。故选D。
本文主要是给失眠者的一些睡眠建议。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。

39.【答案】What's this？
【解析】根据答语It's a ruler.（它是一把尺子）可知，问句是一个含有be动词的一般现在时态的特殊疑问句，应该询问"这是什么"。一般现在时态含有be动词的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语？特殊疑问词用what（什么）；be动词用is；主语用this。注意句首字母大写。
故填：What's this？
A：这是什么？
B：它是一把尺子。
根据答语确定句子时态，结合图片信息写出完整的问句，最后检查所写句子，确保其符合语法要求。

40.【答案】I often play basketball.
【解析】根据问句What do you often do on weekends？（你经常在周末做什么？）可知，本句时态为一般现在时态。一般现在时态陈述句的结构为：主语+do/does+其它。问句中的主语为you（你），答语中用第一人称单数I（我）代替；结合图片可知，答语应该是：我经常打篮球。play basketball表示"打篮球"。注意句首字母大写。
故填：I often play basketball.
A：你经常在周末做什么？
B：我经常打篮球。
根据问句确定句子时态，结合图片信息写出完整的答语，最后检查所写句子，确保其符合语法要求。

41.【答案】She is doing her homework.
【解析】根据问句What is the girl doing？（这个女孩在做什么？）可知，本句时态为现在进行时态。现在进行时态陈述句的结构为：主语+am/is/are+doing+其它。问句中的主语为the girl（这个女孩），答语中用第三人称单数she（她）代替，be动词用is；结合图片可知，这个女孩在做家庭作业。do her homework表示"做她的家庭作业"，do变为doing。注意句首字母大写。
故填：She is doing her homework.
A：这个女孩在做什么？
B：她在做她的家庭作业。
根据问句确定句子时态，结合图片信息写出完整的答语，最后检查所写句子，确保其符合语法要求。

42.【答案】I went to school by car.
【解析】根据问句Did you go to school by bike yesterday？（你昨天骑自行车去学校了吗？）和上句No，I didn't.（不，我没有。）以及图片可知，此处应该表示我坐小汽车去学校。答语的时态为一般过去时态。一般过去时态陈述句的结构为为：主语+did+其它。答语中的主语是I（我）；go to school表示"去学校"，go变为过去式went；by car表示"乘坐小汽车"。
故填：I went to school by car.
A：你昨天骑自行车去学校了吗？
B：不，我没有。我坐小汽车去了学校。
根据问句确定句子时态，结合图片信息写出完整的答语，最后检查所写句子，确保其符合语法要求。

43.【答案】We should plant trees to protect the environment
【解析】根据What should we do to protect the environment？（们应该做什么去保护环境？）可知，此处填写保护环境的措施。图片显示在种树，plant trees表示"种树"。
故填：We should plant trees to protect the environment.
-我们应该做什么去保护环境？
-我们应该种树去保护环境。
根据问句或答语确定句子时态，再从图片中获取相关信息，结合句子结构写出完整句子。

44.【答案】Dear Tom，
   I am indeed very sorry that I can't go to Daming Lake with you next weekend，which I have promised．【高分句型一】I apologize sincerely，and I want you to know what happened.（表示歉意）
    Just now，my cousin，Li Qing，who left home to Australia for his further study last year，informed me that he would return next Saturday morning and asked me to pick him up at the airport with his family．【高分句型二】You know，we haven't seen each other for nearly a year．（解释原因）
 I sincerely hope you can accept my appreciate your allowing me to make another date to show you around Daming Lake．Once again，I'm sorry for any inconvenience caused．（另约时间）
    Best wishes!
Yours， Wang Jie
【解析】【高分句型一】
I am indeed very sorry that I can't go to Daming Lake with you next weekend，which I have promised．我确实很抱歉，下周末我不能和你一起去大明湖，我已经答应了。which引导的定语从句。
【高分句型二】
Just now，my cousin，Li Qing，who left home to Australia for his further study last year，informed me that he would return next Saturday morning and asked me to pick him up at the airport with his family.刚才，我的表弟李青，去年离家去澳大利亚深造，通知我他将于下周六上午回国，并让我和他的家人一起去机场接他。who引导的定语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。