2023年浙江省温州市乐清市重点中学高考英语第二次仿真试卷

这是一份2023年浙江省温州市乐清市重点中学高考英语第二次仿真试卷，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年浙江省温州市乐清市重点中学高考英语第二次仿真试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
There are hundreds of thousands of libraries around the globe.Several stand out amongst the rest for their ability to truly inspire us.These are some of those libraries.
The Bibliotheca Alexandrina
First built around the 3rd century BCE，the Bibliotheca Alexandrina in Egypt had the largest collection of manuscripts（手稿） in the world until it was destroyed in the 3rd century CE.In October of 2002，the library was revived and opened once again.This library also contains a planetarium（天文馆），four museums，and scholarly research centers.
The Klementinum Library
Also known as the National Library of the Czech Republic，the Kementinum Library is located in the capital city of Prague.With its classic Baroque architecture，this library is regarded as one of the most beautiful libraries in the world.There is so much to do and see here，so it is highly recommended that you take a guided tour.The Library of Birmingham
The Library of Birmingham was completed in 2013 and has been open to the public since.With over one million books and thousands of journals，the Library of Birmingham is a highly prized public facility.The front wall of the building is covered in an intricate（复杂精细的） pattern of 5，357 metal rings.
The New York Public Library
The New York Public Library system has 92 branches.There's a children's center，a center for scholars and writers，a rare book division，and regular after-hours cultural events .There are about 53 million items for review and check-out at the New York Public Library.It is the second largest library in the United States.
ABibliophile's Dream：The Most Inspiring Libraries Around the World（ theculturetrip.com ）
1. When was the Bibliotheca Alexandrina reopened？ ______
A. Around the 3rd century BCE. B. In the 3rd century CE.
C. In 2002. D. In 2013.
2. What is advised to do when visiting the Klementinum Library？ ______
A. Take a guided tour. B. Check out rare books.
C. Attend cultural events. D. Conduct scholarly research.
3. Which library has a place designed specially for children？ ______
A. The Bibliotheca Alexandrina. B. The Klementinum Library.
C. The Library of Birmingham. D. The New York Public Library.
B
My mother always said， "You young men should explore your own country before stepping out into the world." It seemed like a tough task.But luckily for me，Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July in 2017.I jumped at the opportunity and secured an inexpensive ticket.
Excitement was at its peak as I approached the train station on the morning when my 22-day adventure was to begin.I jumped on board the passenger vessel （车厢） like it was the train to Hogwarts in Harry Potter.The train headed west in search of our first destination - the scenic town of Banff，Alberta.After just an hour on the train，desperation already came on me.The thought of three full days on those tracks broke my spirits.As I gazed out towards Lake Superior's glistening （闪闪发亮） waves，I decided if I was to be stuck in here，I would need to enjoy my time.
Those three days turned into a summer camp on rails.Real friendships with the crew were born within that train.Stops were made in small，remote railroad villages.A large group of strangers turned travelling companions would rush towards the villages to reward our endless patience with local cuisine.At night，we would walk to the glass-domed （玻璃穹顶） train car，which gave a scenic view of the night sky，untouched by light pollution.
After three days，we arrived in Banff.Before my adventure of taking the train across Canada，if I could have skipped the travel and arrived at the destination，I would have.But that is no longer true.I've learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.
4. What made the author's train trip possible？ ______
A. The encouragement from his mother.
B. The attraction of the splendid scenery.
C. A time-limited ticket offer for youths.
D. His determination to face the tough tasks.
5. What did the author experience after one hour on the train？ ______
A. Great joy. B. A dream-like trip.
C. Unrealistic hopes. D. Faded enthusiasm.
6. Which of the following best describes the author as a young man？ ______
A. Considerate. B. Adaptable. C. Smart. D. Determined.
7. What has the author learned from his adventure？ ______
A. To enjoy travelling on his own. B. To be content with train service.
C. To skip to the final destination. D. To explore more in the process.
C
Do you always scroll aimlessly on Instagram instead of closing your eyes and counting sheep at midnight？Or you just sit on the sofa，unable to resist the temptation to press the button for the next episode on Netflix，even though your body screams for sleep.If your answer is definitely yes，you are probably suffering from revenge bedtime procrastination（RBP）."
RBP is a phenomenon in which people who don't have much control over their daytime life refuse to sleep early in order to regain some sense of freedom during late night hours.The decision to sacrifice sleep for leisure time is driven by a daily schedule lacking in free time.
The term was coined in 2014 by Dr.Floor Kroese，a behavioral scientist from Utrecht University，and took off during the pandemic.Anyone can engage in it，but people with high-stress，busy lives or poor time-management skills might be more likely to put off sleep for personal time.
Obviously，RBP can lead to sleep deprivation.Your body won't be able to properly recharge，leading to irritability，degraded decision-making thinking，and memory，reduced impulse control，as well as many impaired physical health，including being more susceptible to cardiovascular problems，metabolic disorders，obesity，and even some infections and viruses.
How can you avoid inflicting these to yourself？One way to do this is to create a consistent bedtime and wake-up time，including on weekends and non-working days.Make a big effort to stick with these times for at least one to two months to make them more natural and automatic-feeling.Besides，instead of screen-based activities such as watching videos or scrolling on social media，which are additive，numbing，and tiring for the eyes，try to relax your body and your mind before going to bed.
RBP is harmful to your physical and mental health.Staying up a bit later to carve out some leisure time may feel good in the short-term，but will lead to some pretty worrisome negative effects in the long-term.It's okay if we slip from time to time，but breaking this pernicious habit will result in a healthier，more balanced life.
8. Why does the author mention Netflix in the first paragraph？ ______
A. To promote the use of Netflix for bedtime viewing.
B. To show the negative effects of using Netflix before bedtime.
C. To compare the use of Netflix to scrolling on social media.
D. To introduce the concept of revenge bedtime procrastination.
9. According to the passage，what can you know about revenge bedtime procrastination？ ______
A. It is a relatively new term and mainly used during the pandemic.
B. It is a healthy way to regain control over your life.
C. It makes up for what people have no chance to do during the day but it does harm to health.
D. You can have revenge bedtime procrastination on weekends.
10. What does the word"susceptible"in Paragraph 4 mean？ ______
A. Influential. B. Vulnerable. C. Reliable. D. Resistant.
11. Which of the following titles is the most appropriate for this passage？ ______
A. The Benefits of Scrolling on Social Media Before Bed.
B. The disadvantages of Revenge Bedtime Procrastination.
C. How Instagram and Netflix is Ruining Your Revenge Bedtime Procrastination.
D. Achieving Work-Life Balance against Revenge Bedtime Procrastination.
D
The City Council of Monza，Italy，a few years ago，prohibited pet owners from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls.The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the fish a false.view of reality.Aside from the act's significance to the poor goldfish，the story raises an interesting philosophical question：How do we know that the reality we perceive is true？
Physicists are finding themselves in a similar trouble to the goldfish's.For decades they have been pursuing an ultimate theory of everything—one complete and consistent set of fundamental laws of nature that explain every aspect of reality.It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories，each describing its own version of reality ，as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl.This concept may be difficult for many people to accept.Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey（传达） information about the material world.In philosophy，that belief is called realism.
In physics，realism is becoming difficult to defend.Instead，the idea of alternative realities is a mainstay of today's popular culture.For example，in the science-fiction film The Matrix the human race is unknowingly living in a simulated （模拟的） virtual reality created by intelligent computers.How do we know we are not just computer-generated characters living in a Matrix-like world？If—like us—the beings in the simulated world could not observe their universe from the outside，they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality.
Similarly，the goldfish's view is not the same as ours from outside their curved bowl.For instance，because light bends as it travels from air to water，a freely moving object that we would observe to move in a straight line would be observed by the goldfish to move along a curved path.The goldfish could form scientific laws from their frame（框架） of reference that would always hold true and that would enable them to make predictions about the future motion of objects outside the bowl .If the goldfish formed such a theory，we would have to admit the goldfish's view as a reasonable picture of reality.
The goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in different ways，each employing different fundamental elements and concepts.It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations.It is not the physicist's traditional expectation for a theory of nature，nor does it correspond to our everyday idea of reality.But it might be the way of the universe.
12. Why did The City Council of Monza banned owners from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls？ ______
A. Because such fishbowls are harmful to the growth of goldfish.
B. Because goldfish may perceive the reality wrongly in such fishbowls.
C. Because the freedom of fish will be restricted in such fishbowls.
D. Because such fishbowls might influence the overall beauty of the reality.
13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us？ ______
A. The conventional insight of reality.
B. The lasting conflict in physics.
C. The existence of the material world.
D. The need for a complete theory.
14. What can we learn from the passage？ ______
A. An external world is independent of the observers.
B. People's theories are influenced by their viewpoints.
C. It is essential to figure out which picture of reality is better.
D. Nature's mysteries are best left undiscovered.
15. According to the passage，the author may agree that ______ .
A. There is still possibility to unify different theories into a single one.
B. Multiple realities can be pieced together to show the real world.
C. Physicists have a favorite candidate for the final theory.
D. Various interpretations of the universe are welcomed.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Four Tips for High School Graduates

Over three-million high school students are graduating this spring in the United States．Many of them will head to university in the fall．The transition （过渡）from high school to college is a major one，and successful adjustment to college has lifelong influences．
Maybe you are about to make this transition yourself or have children who are about to leave the nest． (16) If you know someone who is making this transition or know parents guiding their soon-to-be adult kids through this time，please take a moment to share this collection of research-based tips with them．
Be open to making new friends as soon as you set foot on campus．Even during orientation （迎新会）!(17)Your success in college depends，in part，on surrounding yourself with others who can support you and help you have fun．
(18) Successful adjustment is about reaching out for help when you need it．This means trying to find the answers on your own first，but then contacting those who can help you when you can't．That is what they are there for!
Lean on your family．Family support can give you comfort when classes get hard or you are stressed about finals．(19)Strong support from family is linked to lower loneliness and depression during the first year of college and higher academic adjustment including motivation and concentration．
Be confident．Feeling anxiety about communicating with fellows，professors，and speaking up in class is associated with lower adaptation during the transition to college．One of the best ways to increase your communication confidence is to practice!(20)

A．This list is for you．
B．The more you speak up in class，the easier it becomes．
C．Don't be afraid to talk to your professors or teaching assistants．
D．Joining clubs is also linked to feelings of belonging at college．
E．Your professors and teaching assistants want to see you succeed in their classes．
F．Almost everyone is in the same boat as you are，hoping to make friends quickly．
G．Family members can give you advice and help you solve problems if you need help．

16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
The e- mail（1） ______ came in to Ekiben restaurant in Baltimore on a March afternoon：broccoli（西兰花）.The man who sent the e- mail didn't actually want the food itself.He was writing for his （2） ______ .Caroline，who （3） ______ the dish.He explained every time she visited Baltimore，she would first enjoyed broccoli in Ekiben.She was now in the final （4） ______ of lung cancer at home in Vermont.However，he was hoping to get the recipe to make it for her there and was wanting her to have it one more time.
Steve Chu，the owner of the restaurant，quickly replied with a（ an）（ 5） ______ .He wrote，"I'd like to （6） ______ make it fresh for you in Vermont."
Brandon Jones，the son，was （7） ______ ." Ie- mailed back，saying，' You do know this is Vermont we ' re talking about，right？""says Brandon."But Steve responded，'No problem.We'll be there.'"The next day，Chu （8） ______ his truck with tools and ingredients and then headed for Vermont.They stayed over in a hotel and drove the next day to Caroline's house.As soon as Chu （9） ______ the parking lot，they set out to work.When the（10） ______ was presented to Caroline，she recognized the smell and Chu.She was touched to （11） ______ the broccoli that Chu drove a long way to cook for her.
As for Chu，he couldn't help remembering his （12） ______ customer." It was an honor to help（13） ______ the family's wishes，"Chu said.
" My mom cried later about their （14） ______ ， and so did I，" Brandon Jones said."I' ll （15） ______ that positive memory with me always."
21.  A. request B. address C. message D. content
22.  A. father B. mother C. mother-in-law D. father-in-law
23.  A. adored B. recommend C. purchased D. demonstrated
24.  A. battle B. treatment C. stage D. property
25.  A. alternative B. proposal C. resolution D. sympathy
26.  A. seriously B. tirelessly C. constantly D. personally
27.  A. thrilled B. stunned C. confused D. motivated
28.  A. drove B. started C. loaded D. parked
29.  A. pulled up B. settled into C. lined up D. pulled into
30.  A. dish B. recipe C. snack D. plate
31.  A. make B. swallow C. have D. chew
32.  A. professional B. favored C. satisfied D. loyal
33.  A. send B. express C. fulfill D. respect
34.  A. responsibility B. generosity C. sincerity D. reliability
35.  A. carry B. refresh C. possess D. hold
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. On the coastal wetlands by the Yellow Sea in eastern China，you'll notice a strange-looking deer walking around.It has a head（1） ______ （ shape） like a horse，giant antlers like a deer，hooves like a cow，and the tail of a donkey.These are Milu deer，（2） ______ species native to China.
Archaeological studies have found that the Milu deer were once common in eastern China，（ 3） ______ by the nineteenth century their numbers （4） ______ （ drop） dramatically.Most of the Milu deer were raised in the Emperor's hunting grounds outside Beijing.The Europeans（5） ______ came to China at the time believed the species to be very rare，and many were taken back to Europe.When the Emperor's hunting grounds were destroyed by a heavy flooding，the Milu deer were lost，never（6） ______ （ see） in the area again. （7） ______ （ lucky），there were the Milu deer that had been shipped to foreign countries.
A Duke in Britain had given shelter to 18 of these fortunate Milu deer.By the mid-1980s，the Chinese government hoped the species could be restored in China once again.With the support of the Duke's descendants，in 1986，39 of the Milu deer were flown from Britain to China.After two decades，the Milu deer population in China has increased （8） ______ over 5000，with nearly 1350 （9） ______ （ wander） in the wild.Today，there is no longer any fears for their （10） ______ （ survive） in their homeland.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 近日你校英文报"Healthy Lifestyle"板块开展了针对高三学生的"How Often Meals Are Skipped For Study"的调查，请根据右图中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

（1）情况描述：
（2）评论及建议。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右：
（2）开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Nowadays，the school English newspaper conducted a survey entitled"How Often Meals Are Skipped For Study" among Senior Three students.
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
No matter what I did，I couldn't please my mother-in-law.For the first years of my marriage，I tried everything.Every time she flew across the country for her two-week annual visit，I felt judged.My dinner was not as good as hers，my floor wasn't as clean as hers，and my parenting skills weren't in line with hers.It was as if her disapproval threw a heavy blanket over my spirit.
I would never be able to meet her expectations.Still，I tried.I scrubbed the floor and she complained I cared too much about the house being clean.I shopped for her favorite foods，but she grumbled that I pushed myself too hard for perfection.I made dinner quickly with her recipes，but she turned up her nose as she ate them.I prayed for her as I sat next to her in church，but she criticized the sermon for being too long.I kept my mouth shut but fumed with anger inside.
Finally，I stopped trying.I cheered when my husband drove her to the airport after her visits.I admitted to myself that I didn't like my mother-in-law.
I kept praying for her，though.And then I felt like God said，"I want you to call your mother-in-law and ask her if she wants you to pray with her every week on the phone."That was ridiculous.But the idea wouldn't go away.I followed my heart and called her one Sunday morning.I thought she would laugh when I suggested we pray together on the phone.
But she didn't laugh.She said，"I'd love you to call every Sunday and pray".So，I did.I didn't know what to say，so I prayed the 23rd Psalm（赞美诗） and inserted her first name，making it a personal prayer.
Her declining health prevented her coming for regular visits.Praying with her on the phone was continued.The years sailing by，her day was brightened，which was told by her daughter later on.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右：
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One Sunday after our prayer，she said，"That was great!I love you so much."

Two years later，in her funeral，Psalm 23 was read.

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章The Bibliotheca Alexandrina部分的In October of 2002，the library was revived and opened once again.（2002年10月，图书馆被修复并再次开放。）可知亚历山大图书馆于2002年重新开放。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章The Klementinum Library部分的There is so much to do and see here，so it is highly recommended that you take a guided tour.（这里有这么多要做和要看的，所以强烈建议你参加有导游的旅行。）可知参观Klementinum图书馆时，建议参加有导游的旅行。A.Take a guided tour.参加有导游的旅行；B.Check out rare books.查看稀有书籍；C.Attend cultural events.参加文化活动；D.Conduct scholarly research.进行学术研究。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章The New York Public Library部分的There's a children's center，a center for scholars and writers，a rare book division，and regular after-hours cultural events（这里有一个儿童中心，一个学者和作家中心，一个珍本图书区，以及定期的课外文化活动）可知纽约公共图书馆有一个专门为儿童设计的地方。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上一些最具启发性的图书馆，包括埃及的亚历山大图书馆、捷克的克莱门汀图书馆、伯明翰图书馆和纽约公共图书馆。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

4~7.【答案】C、D、B、D
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"But luckily for me   ，Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July in 2017.I jumped at the opportunity and secured an inexpensive ticket.                              （但对我来说幸运的是，2017年7月，加拿大Via Rail为18至25岁的年轻人提供了乘坐火车穿越加拿大的机会。我抓住了这个机会，买到了一张便宜的票。）"可知，因为Via Rail Canada公司为青少年提供的限时的火车票使作者的火车之旅成为了可能。故选C。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"After just an hour on the train      ，desperation already came on me.The thought of three full days on those tracks broke my spirits.               （在火车上呆了一个小时后，我已经绝望了。一想到要在这些铁轨上走整整三天，我就精神崩溃了。）"可知，作者在火车上呆了一个小时后，其旅行热情开始下降。结合选项：A.Great joy. 巨大的喜悦；B.A dream-like trip.  梦幻般的旅行；C.Unrealistic hopes. 不切实际的希望；D.Faded enthusiasm. 消退的热情。故选D。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"As I gazed out towards Lake Superior's glistening        （闪闪发亮） waves，I decided if I was to be stuck in here         ，I would need to enjoy my time.      （当我凝视着苏必利尔湖闪闪发光的波浪时，我决定如果我被困在这里，我需要享受我的时间。）"和第三段中的"Those three days turned into a summer camp on rails.Real friendships with the crew were born within that train.                  （那三天变成了铁轨上的夏令营。与乘务员的真正友谊源于那列火车。）"可知，作者想办法度过在火车上的时间，使自己充满快乐。因此"适应性强"最能恰当地描述作者。结合选项：A.Considerate.体贴的；B.Adaptable.可适应的；C.Smart.聪明的；D.Determined.坚定的。故选B。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"I've learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.           （我明白了旅行比目的地更令人愉快。）"可知，作者明白了关注旅途中的快乐比盼望到达目的地更有趣。即作者明白了要在旅行中去探索更多的快乐。故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的旅行经历，作者的心态从盼望快速到达目的地转变为关注旅途中的快乐。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

8~11.【答案】D、D、B、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段Or you just sit on the sofa，unable to resist the temptation to press the button for the next episode on Netflix，even though your body screams for sleep.If your answer is definitely yes，you are probably suffering from revenge bedtime procrastination（RBP）."（或者你只是坐在沙发上，忍不住按下Netflix下一集的按钮，尽管你的身体尖叫着要睡觉。如果你的答案肯定是肯定的，你可能患有报复性睡前拖延症。"）可知，引入Netflix是为了引入报复性睡前拖延症的概念。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段 RBP is a phenomenon in which people who don't have much control over their daytime life refuse to sleep early in order to regain some sense of freedom during late night hours.The decision to sacrifice sleep for leisure time is driven by a daily schedule lacking in free time.（RBP是一种对白天生活没有太多控制权的人为了在深夜重获自由而拒绝早睡的现象。为了空闲时间而牺牲睡眠的决定是由缺乏空闲时间的日常日程所驱动的。）以及第四段Obviously，RBP can lead to sleep deprivation.Your body won't be able to properly recharge，leading to irritability，degraded decision-making thinking，and memory，reduced impulse control，as well as many impaired physical health，including being more susceptible to cardiovascular problems，metabolic disorders，obesity，and even some infections and viruses.（显然，RBP会导致睡眠不足。你的身体无法正常充电，导致易怒、决策思维和记忆力下降、冲动控制能力下降，以及许多身体健康受损，包括更容易出现心血管问题、代谢紊乱、肥胖，甚至一些感染和病毒。）可知，报复性睡前拖延可以弥补人们无法掌控白天时间的情况，但是对健康有害。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据文章第四段Obviously，RBP can lead to sleep deprivation.Your body won't be able to properly recharge，leading to irritability，degraded decision-making thinking，and memory，reduced impulse control，as well as many impaired physical health，including being more susceptible to cardiovascular problems，metabolic disorders，obesity，and even some infections and viruses.（显然，RBP会导致睡眠不足。你的身体无法正常充电，导致易怒、决策思维和记忆力下降、冲动控制能力下降，以及许多身体健康受损，包括更容易出现心血管问题、代谢紊乱、肥胖，甚至一些感染和病毒。）可知，报复性睡前拖延可能导致健康问题，更容易感染疾病。A.Influential有影响的；B.Vulnerable易受伤的；C.Reliable可靠的；D.Resistant抵制的。故选B。
（4）文章标题题。根据文章最后一段RBP is harmful to your physical and mental health.Staying up a bit later to carve out some leisure time may feel good in the short-term，but will lead to some pretty worrisome negative effects in the long-term.It's okay if we slip from time to time，but breaking this pernicious habit will result in a healthier，more balanced life.（RBP对你的身心健康有害。熬夜挤出一些空闲时间在短期内可能感觉很好，但从长远来看会导致一些非常令人担忧的负面影响。如果我们不时失足也没关系，但打破这种有害习惯会带来更健康、更平衡的生活。）可知，文章主要讲要在工作和报复性睡前拖延之间找到平衡。故选D。
本文主要介绍了一种名为"报复性熬夜拖延症"的现象，即在日常生活中缺乏自由时间的人会在深夜拖延睡眠时间以获得一些个人时间。这种行为可能会导致睡眠不足，引起身体和心理健康问题。为了避免这种情况，文章提出了一些方法，如建立规律的睡眠时间和放松身心等。最后，文章强调了打破这种习惯对于健康和平衡生活的重要性。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】B、A、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段The City Council of Monza，Italy，a few years ago，prohibited pet owners from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls.The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the fish a false view of reality.（几年前，意大利蒙扎市议会禁止宠物主人把金鱼放在弯曲的鱼缸里。该措施的发起人解释说，把鱼放在这样的碗里是残忍的，因为弯曲的侧面给了鱼一种虚假的现实观。）可知，禁止在弯曲的浴缸里养鱼是因为这样弯曲会让鱼产生假想。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第二段Physicists are finding themselves in a similar trouble to the goldfish's.For decades they have been pursuing an ultimate theory of everything—one complete and consistent set of fundamental laws of nature that explain every aspect of reality.It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories，each describing its own version of reality ，as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl.This concept may be difficult for many people to accept.Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey（传达） information about the material world.In philosophy，that belief is called realism（物理学家们发现自己也陷入了与金鱼类似的困境。几十年来，他们一直在追求万物的终极理论——一套完整一致的基本自然定律，可以解释现实的方方面面。现在看来，这种追求可能产生的不是一个单一的理论，而是一系列相互关联的理论，每个理论都描述自己的现实版本如果它通过自己的鱼缸来看待宇宙。这个概念可能很难被许多人接受。大多数人相信外面有一个客观的现实，我们的感官和科学直接传达（传达）关于物质世界的信息。在哲学中，这种信念被称为现实主义）可知，第二段主要是从物理学家入手，讲述对现实的传统看法。故选 A。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第三段If—like us—the beings in the simulated world could not observe their universe from the outside，they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality.（如果模拟世界中的生物不能像我们一样从外部观察他们的宇宙，他们就没有理由怀疑自己的现实图景。）可知。观察视角会影响感受到的现实图景。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations.It is not the physicist's traditional expectation for a theory of nature，nor does it correspond to our everyday idea of reality.But it might be the way of the universe.（也许为了描述宇宙，我们必须在不同的情况下使用不同的理论。这不是物理学家对自然理论的传统期望，也不符合我们日常对现实的看法。但这可能是宇宙的方式。）可知，要在不同情况下使用不同的理论，因此各种关于宇宙的解释是受欢迎的。故选D。
这篇文章主要讲述了一个关于金鱼和现实的哲学问题，即我们如何知道我们所感知到的现实是真实的。为了描述宇宙，我们可能需要在不同的情况下采用不同的理论。这不符合物理学家对自然理论的传统期望，也不符合我们日常对现实的理解，但这可能是宇宙的方式。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

16~20.【答案】A、F、C、G、B
【解析】1．A．文章衔接题．根据后文If you know someone who is making this transition or know parents guiding their soon-to-be adult kids through this time，please take a moment to share this collection of research-based tips with them．可知如果你认识一个正在转型的人，或者知道父母在这段时间指导他们即将成为成人的孩子，请花点时间与他们分享这些基于研究的建议．A项：This list is for you．这个列表是为你准备的．符合文意，故选A．
2．F．联系上文题．根据前文Be open to making new friends as soon as you set foot on campus．Even during orientation （迎新会）!可知一踏上校园，就要乐于结交新朋友．即使是在迎新会上！F项：Almost everyone is in the same boat as you are，hoping to make friends quickly．几乎每个人都和你在一样，希望能很快交到朋友．符合文意，故选F．
3．C．理解判断题．根据后文Successful adjustment is about reaching out for help when you need it．可知成功的调整是在你需要的时候寻求帮助．C项：Don't be afraid to talk to your professors or teaching assistants．不要害怕和你的教授或助教交谈．符合文意，故选C．
4．G．语境辨析题．根据前文Family support can give you comfort when classes get hard or you are stressed about finals．可知家庭支持可以让你在上课困难或期末考试压力大时感到舒适．G项：Family members can give you advice and help you solve problems if you need help．如果你需要帮助，家人可以给你建议，帮助你解决问题．符合文意，故选G．
5．B．联系上文题．根据前文One of the best ways to increase your communication confidence is to practice!可知提高沟通自信的最好方法之一就是练习！B项：The more you speak up in class，the easier it becomes．你在课堂上讲得越多，就越容易．符合文意，故选B．
本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了从高中到大学的过渡是一个重要的过渡，成功的大学调整具有终身影响．家庭的支持与周围人的鼓励和帮助十分重要．
本文是一篇选句填空阅读，题目主要考查上下文内容联系以及文章内容理解．做题时学生应仔细阅读原文，把握文章主要内容，联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义，从中选出正确答案，一定要做到有理有据，切忌胡乱猜测．

21~35.【答案】A、B、A、C、A、D、B、C、D、A、C、D、C、B、D
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.request要求；B.address地址；C.message消息；D.content内容。根据下句The man who sent the e- mail didn't actually want the food itself.可知发邮件的人其实并不想要食物本身。说明三月的一个下午，巴尔的摩的Ekiben餐馆收到了一封电子邮件，要求提供西兰花。故答案为A。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.father父亲；B.mother母亲；C.mother-in-law岳母；D.father-in-law岳父。根据后文My mom cried later about their （14），and so did I可知我妈妈后来为他们的慷慨而哭泣，我也是。说明他是为他的母亲卡罗琳写的，她非常喜欢这道菜。故答案为B。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.adored喜欢；B.recommend推荐；C.purchased购买；D.demonstrated证实。根据后文When the（10）was presented to Caroline，she recognized the smell and Chu.可知当这道菜被端给卡罗琳时，她认出了它的味道和气味。说明母亲很喜欢这道菜。故答案为A。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.battle战争；B.treatment治疗；C.stage阶段；D.property财产。根据空后of lung cancer at home in Vermont可知她现在已经是肺癌晚期，在佛蒙特州的家中。故答案为C。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.alternative另外的选择；B.proposal建议；C.resolution决心；D.sympathy同情。根据下句He wrote，"I'd like to （6）make it fresh for you in Vermont."可知他写道，"我想在佛蒙特州亲自为你做这道菜。"说明这家餐馆的老板史蒂夫•朱（Steve Chu）很快给出了一个替代方案。故答案为A。
（6）考查副词及语境理解。A.seriously严重地；B.tirelessly不知疲倦地；C.constantly持续地；D.personally亲自。根据后文The next day，Chu （8）his truck with tools and ingredients and then headed for Vermont.可知第二天，楚把工具和原料装上卡车，然后向佛蒙特州驶去。说明他写道，"我想在佛蒙特州亲自为你做这道菜。"故答案为D。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.thrilled兴奋的；B.stunned惊讶的；C.confused困惑的；D.motivated有积极性的。根据下句"You do know this is Vermont we ' re talking about，right？"says Brandon.可知"你知道我们在谈论的是佛蒙特州，对吗？"布兰登说。说明他感觉到风非常惊讶。故答案为B。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.drove开车；B.started开始；C.loaded装货；D.parked停车。第二天，楚把工具和原料装上卡车，然后向佛蒙特州驶去。load sth with sth用某物装载某物。故答案为C。
（9）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.pulled up停车；B.settled into定居于；C.lined up排队；D.pulled into驶进。楚一把车开进停车场，他们就出发去工作了。故答案为D。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.dish菜；B.recipe食谱；C.snack零食；D.plate盘子。根据下句she recognized the smell and Chu.可知当这道菜被端给卡罗琳时，她认出了它的味道和气味。故答案为A。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.make制作；B.swallow咽下；C.have吃；D.chew咀嚼。根据前文However，he was hoping to get the recipe to make it for her there and was wanting her to have it one more time.可知然而，他希望在那里得到为她做这道菜的食谱，并希望她能再吃一次。说明让她感动的是，她吃到了楚不远千里为她做的西兰花。故答案为C。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.professional专业的；B.favored支持的；C.satisfied满意的；D.loyal忠诚的。根据下句" It was an honor to help  fulfill the family's wishes，"Chu said.（"能帮助实现这个家庭的愿望是我的荣幸，"朱棣文说。）可知至于楚，他不禁想起了他的忠实客户。故答案为D。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.send发送；B.express表达；C.fulfill完成；D.respect尊敬。根据空后the family's wishes可知能帮助实现这个家庭的愿望是我的荣幸。故答案为C。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.responsibility责任；B.generosity大方；C.sincerity真诚；D.reliability可靠性。我妈妈后来为他们的慷慨而哭泣，我也是。故答案为B。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.carry搬运；B.refresh使恢复活力；C.possess拥有；D.hold保留。布兰登•琼斯说"我会永远记住这段美好的回忆。"故答案为D。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了布兰登•琼斯为得癌症的母亲实现了最后一个愿望。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。

36.【答案】【小题1】shaped
【小题2】a
【小题3】but
【小题4】had dropped
【小题5】who
【小题6】to be seen
【小题7】Luckily
【小题8】to
【小题9】wandering
【小题10】survival
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：它的头脸像马，角像鹿，蹄子像牛，尾巴像驴。分析句子可知，（shape） like a horse作后置定语修饰前面名词head，表示"具有（或呈）…...形状的"，应用所给词的形容词形式shaped，故填shaped。
（2）考查冠词。句意：这些就是麋鹿，原产于中国的一种物种。species"物种"是可数名词，在句子中作Milu deer的同位语，泛指"一种物种"，且species是以辅音音素开头，前面需加不定冠词a。故填a。
（3）考查连词。句意：考古研究发现，麋鹿曾经在中国东部很常见，但到了19世纪，麋鹿的数量急剧下降。根据句意可知，设空前后为转折关系，应用连词but连接，故填but。
（4）考查动词时态。句意：考古研究发现，麋鹿曾经在中国东部很常见，但到了19世纪，麋鹿的数量急剧下降。空处作句子谓语，主语their numbers与动词drop之间为主动关系，根据时间状语by the nineteenth century可知，时态用过去完成时，故填had dropped。
（5）考查定语从句。句意：当时来到中国的欧洲人认为这种鹿非常罕见，许多鹿被带回了欧洲。分析句子可知，空处需要一个连接词引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Europeans，先行词指人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导该从句，故填who。
（6）考查动词不定式。句意：当皇帝的狩猎场被洪水摧毁时，麋鹿就消失了，从此再也见不到了。本句为复合句，主句中已有谓语动词were lost，空处应用非谓语形式。根据句意可知，此处为结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，且逻辑主语the Milu与动词see之间为被动关系，所以用动词不定式的被动语态to be seen。故填to be seen。
（7）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，还有被运往外国的麋鹿。空后加了逗号，应用副词luckily作状语修饰整个句子，表示"幸运地"，符合语境。单词位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Luckily。
（8）考查介词。句意：二十年后，中国麋鹿的数量已经增加到5000多只，其中近1350只在野外游荡。根据句意，表示"增加到"，用increase to，介词to后面接具体增长后的数字，故填to。
（9）考查现在分词。句意：二十年后，中国麋鹿的数量已经增加到5000多只，其中近1350只在野外游荡。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构，nearly 1350指"近1350只麋鹿"，与动词wander之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填wandering。
（10）考查不可数名词。句意：今天，人们不再担心它们在家乡的生存了。their是形容词性物主代词，应修饰名词。survive是动词，其名词形式是survival，意为"生存"，是不可数名词。故填survival。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于麋鹿的一些知识。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

37.【答案】Nowadays，the school English newspaper conducted a survey entitled"How Often meals Are Skipped For Study "among Senior Three students.As can be seen from the pie chart，50% Senior Three students skip meals for study several times a week while only 8% never miss.The number of experiencing meal skipping once a week and other situations accounts for 37% and 5% respectively ，which is alarming.（情况描述）
From my perspective，it's not advisable for them just to save some time to strive to be academically excellent without having timely and regular meals （even though suffering great pressure）.To pursue better academic performance，we may apply effective methods to learn efficiently instead of skipping meals.【高分句型一】Besides，making an applicable and flexible schedule to suit our tight study routine should also be attached great importance.【高分句型二】（评论及建议）
No matter how heavy the study burden is，Senior three students should strike a balance between study and meals，which is fundamental to our promising success.
【解析】高分句型一
To pursue better academic performance，we may apply effective methods to learn efficiently instead of skipping meals.
翻译：为了追求更好的学习成绩，我们可以采用有效的方法来高效地学习，而不是不吃饭。
分析：运用了不定式短语To pursue better academic performance做目的状语。
高分句型二
Besides，making an applicable and flexible schedule to suit our tight study routine should also be attached great importance.
翻译：此外，制定一个适用的和灵活的时间表，以适应我们紧张的学习日程也应该重视。
分析：运用了动名词短语making an applicable and flexible schedule to suit our tight study routine做主语。
写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。

38.【答案】One Sunday after our prayer，she said，"That was great!I love you so much." In a spell，crystal drops found the way to my cheeks，a clutter of strange warmth looming over me，even tempting me to murmur "I love you，too"as if in fantasy.Over years，whenever I had no alternatives but to face her in the flesh，with great caution，I had tried to cater for her，only to end up with failures.But inwardly，there was no way to quit this endless trials as long as she was there.It was the first time in those dreadful years as a family that I had ever met her favorable approval，bringing me mingled feelings.We sealed this unwritten personal ritual for years.（作者终于得到婆婆的认可，她非常感慨）
Two years later，in her funeral，Psalm 23 was read.Till the very end，those solemn words still worked for us，the dead and the living，drilling great comfort into all present.【高分句型一】I was eternally grateful that I had managed to swallow my anger and humble myself to call and pray with my mother-in-law years before.It changed both of us -for the better.With all those prayers from repetitive calls throughout all those years，she was blessed to rest in peace，while I was showered in eternal sincerity and earnest care.It turned out to be that holding onto what is right and sacred worth it in the end.【高分句型二】（我感激多年前忍气吞声，谦卑地打电话给婆婆并祈祷。它改变了我们两个）
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者总是不能取悦自己的婆婆。但是作者没有气馁，坚持打电话给婆婆祈祷。
高分句型一：Till the very end，those solemn words still worked for us，the dead and the living，drilling great comfort into all present.
译文：直到最后，这些庄严的话语仍然为我们，为死者和生者服务，给在场的人带来了极大的安慰。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语drilling great comfort into all present作状语。
高分句型二：It turned out to be that holding onto what is right and sacred worth it in the end.
译文：事实证明，坚持正确和神圣的东西最终是值得的。
分析：这句话使用了what引导的宾语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
     每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
     （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
     一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
     （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
     根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
     （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
     在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。