精品解析：2023届广东省梅州市大埔县高三三模英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：2023届广东省梅州市大埔县高三三模英语试题（解析版），共20页。

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语冲刺卷(三)
本试卷共120分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Road Trip To Tlaxcala
Tlaxcala, located in east central Mexico, is well worth visiting. And you’re welcome to this wonderful place!
Day 1: Pick up a car in Mexico City and drive out over the foothills of Popocatepetl Volcano. Head toward Tlaxcala City, stopping on the route to see the amazing murals(壁画) at Cacaxtla, an archaeological site with 1000-year-old ruins. After entering Tlaxcala’s historic center, you can walk over to the Catedral de Nuestra Senora de la Asunción to see its carved wooden ceiling in the Spanish Mudejar style.
Day 2: After breakfast, drive east to Contla, a village known for cloth. From Contla, drive southeast to Huamantla. The town’s central square is an ideal place to catch a quick snack of ice cream. Continue south to Ixtenco, a traditional Otomí community, for lunch in the kitchen of the Baltazar family. After lunch, drive north to the 17th-century Hacienda Tenexac, in Terrenate, where you’ll spend a peaceful night.
Day 3: Following a great breakfast prepared by Tenexac’s chef, Paz Yano Breton, join her for a tour of the residential quarters, which are crowded with amazing furniture collected over the past 200 years. Then head west to the industrial city of Apizaco. After lunch, a short drive north takes you into open fields.
Day 4: Wake at dawn for a 40-minute hike to the top of a hill behind the retreat. As the sun rises, you’ll enjoy a great view. After checking out, your next stop should be the town of Tlaxco for breakfast. From Tlaxco, head west through the Llanos de Apan, an agricultural region. And then stop for lunch at Xoletongo, and after lunch, head back to Mexico City.
1. What will visitors do on Day 1?
A. Visit 2000-year-old ruins. B. Appreciate special architecture.
C. Enjoy amazing murals in Tlaxcala. D. Travel around the city center by car.
2. What is Contla famous for?
A. Material. B. Agriculture. C. Ice cream. D. Archaeology.
3. Where can visitors enjoy the wonderful sunrise?
A. In Terrenate. B. In Tlaxco. C. In Apizaco. D. In Xoletongo
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了去墨西哥的城市——特拉斯卡拉旅游的日程安排。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After entering Tlaxcala’s historic center, you can walk over to the Catedral de Nuestra Senora de la Asunción to see its carved wooden ceiling in the Spanish Mudejar style.(进入特拉斯卡拉的历史中心后，你可以走到大教堂Asunción去看西班牙Mudejar建筑风格的雕刻木天花板。)”可知，第一天游客可以去大教堂参观西班牙Mudejar建筑风格的雕刻木天花板，也就是可以参观特殊的建筑。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After breakfast, drive east to Contla, a village known for cloth.(早餐后，驱车向东前往Contla，一个以布料闻名的村庄。)”可知，Contla是一个以布料闻名的村庄。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Then head west to the industrial city of Apizaco. After lunch, a short drive north takes you into open fields.(然后向西前往工业城市Apizaco。午饭后，向北开一小段车就到了开阔的田野。)”以及第五段中的“Wake at dawn for a 40-minute hike to the top of a hill behind the retreat. As the sun rises, you’ll enjoy a great view. (黎明时分醒来，徒步40分钟到达度假村后面的山顶。当太阳升起时，你会欣赏到美丽的景色。)”可知，向西前往Apizaco，午饭后，可以开车到开阔的田野，黎明时分徒步到达山顶，太阳升起的时候可以欣赏到美丽的景色，也就是说在Apizaco可以欣赏到美妙的日出。故选C项。
B
There was a time in my life when I lost everything. My physical health was the first thing to go. I lost the ability to walk and ended up in a wheelchair. I couldn’t go places and do the things I used to do.
After that, I lost everything else. I lost friends who grew tired and weary of waiting for a recovery that might never come. I lost my career, which I had worked for decades to build- my source of independent income. There went my sense of purpose, too. I lost my house. I had nowhere to live and had to move back in with my parents.
With no job, health, friends, or house to come home to, most people would fall into a deep despair. And I did experience depression. But it was my family that gave me faith. I think it was my ability to keep the faith that allowed the faith to be rewarded in the end.
My health returned slowly but surely. I no longer neglected myself and then put my body last. I was grateful that I could now see how necessary my health was, and that it was okay to prioritize myself over a paycheck. For me, health was more important than any other things and should be dealt with first.
New friends entered my life—people with authentic hearts and kind understanding. I was grateful that I lost people along the way to make room for the people who were supposed to be there all along. A new job presented itself as well. I was so grateful that I lost my old job so that one better suited to my hobbies could unfold before my eyes.
When bad things happen, it doesn’t mean that better things aren’t down the line. We just need the strength to hold on to hope. Yes, there was a time in my life when I lost everything—everything except my faith. But the new perspective that I gained was more important than anything that I lost.
4. Why did the author’s friends leave after she was sick?
A. They lost patience. B. They were deeply in debt.
C. They minded their business. D. They found themselves helpless.
5. What inspired the author to fight for survival?
A. New friendship. B. Pursuit of career. C. Desire for fame. D. Family support.
6. What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph?
A. She regards herself as a total failure. B. She has got back what she once had.
C. She views things from a different aspect. D. She has experienced a lot of tough days.
7. What can be learned from the text?
A. Everything comes to those who wait. B. When one door closes, another opens.
C. History is a mirror reflecting reality. D. Action is worry’s worst enemy.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述的是当作者失去一切的时候，她很沮丧，但在家人的帮助下，作者改变了态度，又逐渐找回了失去的一切。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I lost friends who grew tired and weary of waiting for a recovery that might never come.(我失去了一些朋友，他们厌倦了等待可能永远不会到来的康复。)”可知，作者的朋友离开作者是因为他们厌倦了等待作者的康复，由此可知，他们失去了耐心。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But it was my family that gave me faith.(但我的家人给了我信心。)”可知，作者的家人给了她信心，所以，是作者的家人让她重燃生活的希望。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Yes, there was a time in my life when I lost everything—everything except my faith. But the new perspective that I gained was more important than anything that I lost.(是的，在我生命中有一段时间，我失去了一切——除了我的信仰。但我获得的新视角比我失去的任何东西都重要。)”可知，作者认为获得的新视角比失去的任何东西都更重要，由此可以推断，作者有了新的视角来看待周围的一切。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段“When bad things happen, it doesn’t mean that better things aren’t down the line. We just need the strength to hold on to hope. Yes, there was a time in my life when I lost everything—everything except my faith. But the new perspective that I gained was more important than anything that I lost.(当坏事发生时，并不意味着以后不会有更好的事情发生。我们只需要坚持希望的力量。是的，在我生命中有一段时间，我失去了一切——除了我的信仰。但我获得的新视角比我失去的任何东西都重要。)”并结合上文中讲述的作者自己的经历可知，作者认为当我们失去某些东西的时候，我们也会获得另外一些东西，即，当一扇门关闭时，另一扇会打开。故选B项。
C
Do you love reading about the adventures of the X-Men? How about Superman? Maybe Scott Pilgrim is more your style. If any of these stories are familiar, you’ve likely been reading one of the most popular types of books around — comic books!
For many, though, just reading comic books isn’t enough. Do you ever dream of making your own? If so, you’re not alone. People all over the world come up with new stories every day. The process of writing a comic book can be daunting, though. Where would you begin?
All great comic books start with a great idea. Think up an interesting main character or have an exciting adventure in mind. From there, you can build a whole cast of characters and imagine the world they live in. Then, put together the plot of your story. What is the major conflict? What events will lead to the climax? Once your idea is fully formed, it’s time to start writing.
Before designing your comic book, you should give a description of the main points or major events involved in your work first. It can help direct how to write your own comic book. Once you know the major events that will happen in the story, you can choose the layout for the comic book.
Most comic book creators sketch the comic first in pencil, then add ink and color later. A minor slip or human errors will be avoidable in the final comic. Another option is to use design software to create the graphics for your story. While creating the book, don’t forget to leave room for lettering! You’ll want to have plenty of space to add dialogue and sound effects.
When your comic book is finished, the final step is to publish your work. Many authors sell their comics online or allow people to download portions of them for free. This can help you build a following. If you dream of writing for DC Comics one day, this is a great way to get started. Most large comic publishers look for stories that are already popular with online audiences. The larger an audience you can build, the better.
8. What does “daunting” underlined in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Discouraging. B. Amazing. C. Exciting. D. Boring.
9. When should you start writing your comic book?
A. After having the characters. B. After setting a certain world.
C. After finding design software. D. After figuring out the events.
10. Why is it necessary to leave space while drawing?
A. To add a contact number. B. To have conversations.
C. To beautify the comic book. D. To allow readers to comment.
11. How do comic authors often promote their works?
A. By building a team. B. By filming them.
C. By providing free downloading. D. By holding book signing.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何制作一本漫画书。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中“People all over the world come up with new stories every day. The process of writing a comic book can be daunting, though.(世界各地的人们每天都会想出新的故事。不过，写一本漫画书的过程可能会daunting)”可知，此处语义有转折，想出新的故事是容易的，但是写一本漫画书并不容易，应该是会令人气馁。由此推知，daunting意为“令人气馁的”，与discouraging意思一致。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Then, put together the plot of your story. What is the major conflict? What events will lead to the climax? Once your idea is fully formed, it’s time to start writing.(然后，把你的故事情节放在一起。主要的冲突是什么？什么事件会导致高潮？一旦你的想法完全形成，就是时候开始写作了)”可知，想清楚漫画的主要情节事件之后就可以开始创作了。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“While creating the book, don’t forget to leave room for lettering! You’ll want to have plenty of space to add dialogue and sound effects.(在制作这本书的时候，别忘了留下写字的空间！你需要有足够的空间来添加对话和音效)”可知，创作漫画时留白的目的是增加对话。故选B项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Many authors sell their comics online or allow people to download portions of them for free. This can help you build a following.(许多作者在网上出售他们的漫画，或者允许人们免费下载其中的一部分。这可以帮助你建立追随者)”可知，作者为了推广漫画书，通常会为读者提供免费下载。故选C项。
D
Farming is destroying the planet. But there could be a much more environmentally friendly way to feed ourselves: using renewable energy to turn carbon dioxide (CO2) into food.
“This is becoming a reality,” says Pasi Vainikka at Solar Foods. The company is building the first commercial-scale factory, near Helsinki in Finland, which will be able to make food directly from CO2.
At the factory, renewable electricity will be used to break down water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen will be added to large containers, where the bacteria grow, along with CO2 and ammonia(NH3) to provide carbon and nitrogen separately. Some of the CO2 will be taken directly from the air at a visitors’ centre at the factory, Vainikka says, and the rest will come from industrial sources. The end result will be a yellow powder called Solein that is made of bacterial cells and is up to 70 per cent protein. It can be used as an ingredient in all kinds of foods, from meat alternatives to grains and snacks. “We are aiming at replacing animal-sourced proteins, which we think have the highest environmental impact,” says Vainikka.
Solein was approved as a food ingredient in Singapore in October 2022, and Solar Foods is awaiting approval in the UK, the European Union and the US.
Compared with plant crops, Solein will use 100 times less water per kilogram of protein produced, 20 times less land—including the land used for energy production—and produce a fifth as much CO2, according to Solar Foods. Compared with beef, a kilogram of protein can be produced using 600 times less water and 200 times less land, again counting the land used for energy production, while producing 200 times less CO2, says the company.
There are other benefits, too: factories could be situated anywhere in the world and production won’t be affected by weather extremes. “With Solar Foods and other companies scaling up(扩大) their systems, this is truly stepping in a new age of agriculture,” says Dorian Leger at Connectomix Bio in Germany.
12. What can we learn about Solein from paragraph 3?
A. It was used as feed for animals at first. B. Up to 70 per cent of it can be recycled.
C. It is made from hydrogen and oxygen. D. It can be applied to food production.
13. What advantage does Solein have in producing a kilo of protein?
A. It uses 600 times less land than beef. B. It produces 200 times less CO2 than beef.
C. It uses 200 times less water than plant crops. D. It produces 100 times less CO2 than plant crops.
14. What is Dorian Leger’s attitude towards the future of Solein?
A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Ambiguous. D. Tolerant.
15. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. CO2 can be recycled to stimulate local economy
B. New food strategy reduces big questions on health
C. A factory will start making green food from air and electricity
D. Campaigners recommend ways to reduce climate impact of farming
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了芬兰食品科技公司Solar Foods制造新型蛋白质，以缓解农业给环境带来的压力。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It can be used as an ingredient in all kinds of foods, from meat alternatives to grains and snacks. “We are aiming at replacing animal-sourced proteins, which we think have the highest environmental impact,” says Vainikka.(它可以作为各种食物的原料，从肉类替代品到谷物和零食。“我们的目标是取代动物性蛋白质，我们认为动物性蛋白质对环境的影响最大，”Vainikka说。)”可知，Solein可以用作各种食物的原料，以此来取代动物性蛋白质，由此可知，Solein可以用于食物生产。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Compared with beef, a kilogram of protein can be produced using 600 times less water and 200 times less land, again counting the land used for energy production, while producing 200 times less CO2, says the company.(该公司表示，与牛肉相比，生产一公斤蛋白质所需的水减少了600倍，土地减少了200倍(再算上用于能源生产的土地)，同时产生的二氧化碳减少了200倍。)”可知，每生产一公斤蛋白质，Solein制造的二氧化碳是使用牛肉制造的减少了200倍。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据“There are other benefits, too: factories could be situated anywhere in the world and production won’t be affected by weather extremes. “With Solar Foods and other companies scaling up(扩大) their systems, this is truly stepping in a new age of agriculture,” says Dorian Leger at Connectomix Bio in Germany.(德国Connectomix Bio的Dorian Leger说：“随着太阳能食品公司和其他公司扩大他们的系统，这真的进入了一个新的农业时代。”。)”可知，Dorian Leger认为随着Solein等公司不断扩大他们的系统，这真的进入一个新的农业时代，由此可知，Dorian Leger对Solein的未来持肯定态度。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“But there could be a much more environmentally friendly way to feed ourselves: using renewable energy to turn carbon dioxide (CO2) into food.(但是，有一种更环保的方式可以养活我们自己:利用可再生能源将二氧化碳转化为食物。)”可知，本文首段引出本文的话题为我们可以利用可再生能源把二氧化碳转化为食物，以及第二段中的““This is becoming a reality,” says Pasi Vainikka at Solar Foods. The company is building the first commercial-scale factory, near Helsinki in Finland, which will be able to make food directly from CO2.(“这正在成为现实，”太阳能食品公司的Pasi Vainikka说。该公司正在芬兰赫尔辛基附近建造第一个商业规模的工厂，该工厂将能够直接利用二氧化碳生产食品。)”以及下文中对该公司的介绍可知，一家公司正在建造一家商业规模的工厂，将用电分离出氢气，使其和二氧化碳等发生反应，产生“绿色”蛋白质，从而减少农业对环境的损害，所以本文的标题为“工厂将开始用空气和电力生产绿色食品”符合文章内容，且概括了本段的主题。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How will you secure your bank account with safety tips?
All of us love the convenience of online banking, but is our data preserved online? ____16____. So if you are using mobile payments or just confirming your balance, you require to keep in mind some safety tips.
Be smart with your password
The very basic thing of protection is the online password. Applying private information like your birthday or a pet’s name may be simple to memorize, but it is more common. So, try to avoid this kind of information as your password. A secure and strong password will be a unique combination of words, special characters, and numbers. ____17____.
Always be aware of phishing
Phishing is the common approach adopted to collect secret information. ____18____. When you get a message from someone you never know, no need to click on any links. Most commonly, phishing trials will typically build an insight of urgency by either misleading you that you have won a prize, or that there is a concern with your account. Before you proceed to give your account information, check if it’s a phishing message.
Better to use the mobile banking application
____19____. But the app will give an additional level of security. Actually, it is one of the very safe ways to do your mobile banking through your commercial institution’s official mobile banking application.
____20____
Lastly, you require to be assured that your devices are protected when using any kind of online banking. Establish anti-malware software on your home computer, and get assured your wireless connection is safe. You don’t need strangers capable of using your wireless network because this provides the way to your secret information.
A. Protect your devices
B Keep attention on your device location
C. We all need to get online security into our hands
D. Go with the habit of changing your password frequently
E. When you have a doubt, visit the website that sent the email to check it
F. You may be capable of having the probable functionality by a web browser
G. It may look like a genuine email from a friend, employer, or service provider
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何保护网络银行账号的安全。
【16题详解】
本段为总启段落，根据空前的“All of us love the convenience of online banking, but is our data preserved online?(我们都喜欢网上银行的便利，但是我们的数据在网上保存了吗?)”引出话题，根据空后的“So if you are using mobile payments or just confirming your balance, you require to keep in mind some safety tips.(因此，如果你正在使用移动支付或只是确认你的余额，你需要记住一些安全提示。)”可知，本文讲述的是牢记一些使用网上银行账号的安全提示，由此可推断，此空处讲述的内容与确保网上安全相关，C选项“We all need to get online security into our hands(我们都需要掌握网络安全)”内容与本段内容吻合，且是对空前问题的回答，人称一致，与空后的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据本段的小标题“Be smart with your password(小心你的密码)”可知，本段主要指导用户如何使用密码提高网络银行账户的安全，结合空前句子“The very basic thing of protection is the online password. Applying private information like your birthday or a pet’s name may be simple to memorize, but it is more common. So, try to avoid this kind of information as your password. A secure and strong password will be a unique combination of words, special characters, and numbers.(最基本的保护是在线密码。应用私人信息，比如你的生日或宠物的名字，可能很容易记住，但更常见。因此，尽量避免将此类信息作为您的密码。一个安全而强大的密码将是单词、特殊字符和数字的独特组合。) ”,可知D选项“Go with the habit of changing your password frequently(养成频繁更换密码的习惯)”讲述的内容与本段主题一致。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“Phishing is the common approach adopted to collect secret information.(网络钓鱼是收集秘密信息的常用方法。)”可知，网络仿冒是很常见的一个手段，根据空后的“When you get a message from someone you never know, no need to click on any links.(当你从一个你不认识的人那里收到一条信息时，没有必要点击任何链接。)”可知，收到陌生人的信息不要点击链接，G选项“It may look like a genuine email from a friend, employer, or service provider(它可能看起来像是来自朋友、雇主或服务提供者的一封真实的电子邮件)”中的it指代的内容与空前的phishing内容一致，且起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据本段的小标题“Better to use the mobile banking application(最好使用手机银行应用程序)”可知，本段建议用户使用银行的应用软件，根据空后的“But the app will give an additional level of security.(但该应用程序将提供额外的安全级别。)”可知，使用银行的应用软件更加安全，根据“additional level of security”可推断此空处讲述的是还有其他供用户使用的方式，F选项“You may be capable of having the probable functionality by a web browser(你可以通过一个网页浏览器拥有可能的功能)”讲述的是你可以使用网页浏览器获得可能得功能，与本段的主题一致，且与空后的内容合乎逻辑。故选F项。
【20题详解】
此空处为本段的小标题，与其它段落的主题句形式一致，应为为祈使句，根据空后的“Lastly, you require to be assured that your devices are protected when using any kind of online banking.(最后，当你使用任何一种网上银行时，你需要确保你的设备是受到保护的。)”可知，本段讲述的为要确保网上银行安全，要保护好设备，A选项“Protect your devices(保护你的设备)”为祈使句且与空后的内容吻合，概括了本段的主题。故选A项
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“You’re fired!” Andrew Chilton wasn’t joking. At that moment, the high school ____21____ wanted his personal care attendant, Christy Chachere, out of his life forever.
When Andrew was diagnosed with Asperger’s syndrome(综合征), Andrew’s family did their best to ____22____ him from life’s hardships. Doctors ____23____ that Andrew might not even finish high school.
Christy saw the ____24____ right away. “Andrew wouldn’t take a step without his mother’s permission,” she remembers. “You have to let him ____25____,” she told the family. “It’s the only way he’s going to learn.” No longer would his mother write Andrew’s papers for him. His younger brother wouldn’t help him ____26____ the computer. Christy wouldn’t be helping him with homework either. It was a little ____27____ to step back. But everyone was ____28____.
He complained ____29____ at times. But then things began to change. Andrew would come home from _____30_____, get a snack and start on his homework. He saw that Christy _____31_____ was there for him. She wouldn’t do his papers for him. But she showed him how to get organized. And she coached him on how to _____32_____ frustration and difficulties.
Once bis work was done, Christy offered _____33_____. She’d take him to the bookstore or to a store where he could buy Pokemon cards. To the movies. Or out to eat _____34_____ food, sushi. One step at a time, Andrew gained _____35_____. He graduated from high school and entered university. And he stopped trying to fire Christy.
21. A. junior B. teacher C. headmaster D. nurse
22. A. sponsor B. shelter C. remove D. tell
23. A. predicted B. hoped C. complained D. demonstrated
24. A. reward B. difference C. problem D. wisdom
25. A. fail B. cry C. win D. insist
26. A. move B. operate C. repair D. clean
27. A. bad-tempered B. beneficial C. delightful D. hard-hearted
28. A. in desperation B. at a loss C. out of question D. on board
29. A. loudly B. cautiously C. politely D. unwillingly
30. A. hospital B. school C. office D. college
31. A. stubbornly B. creatively C. surprisingly D. really
32. A. deal with B. break down C. put away D. shame on
33. A. kingdom B. insurance C. money D. freedom
34. A. good-looking B. home-made C. healthy D. favorite
35. A. award B. encouragement C. independence D. interest
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Andrew Chilton在患病后家人们处处照顾他，而他的个人护理服务员Christy发现Andrew过度依赖他人，最终在大家的努力下，Andrew获得了独立，高中毕业并进入了大学。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，这位高中三年级学生希望他的私人护理人员Christy Chachere永远离开他的生活。A. junior初中生；三年级学生；B. teacher教师；C. headmaster校长；D. nurse护士。根据下文中的“Andrew might not even finish high school.”可知，Andrew应该是名高中三年级学生。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Andrew被诊断出患有阿斯伯格综合症时，Andrew的家人尽最大努力保护他免受生活的艰辛。A. sponsor赞助；B. shelter佑护；C. remove清除；D. tell告诉。根据上文中的“When Andrew was diagnosed with Asperger’s syndrome(综合征)”可知，Andrew患病后，家人应该是“保护”他。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生预测Andrew可能连高中都念不完。A. predicted预测；B. hoped希望；C. complained抱怨；D. demonstrated展示。根据下文中的“Andrew might not even finish high school.”可知，此处为医生的诊断“预测”他可能完不成中学学业。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Christy马上就发现了问题所在。A. reward奖励；B. difference区别，不同；C. problem问题；D. wisdom智慧。根据下文中的“Andrew wouldn’t take a step without his mother’s permission”可知，Christy看到Andrew依赖他人这一“问题”。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们必须让他失败，”她对家人说。A. fail失败；B. cry哭喊；C. win获胜；D. insist坚持。根据下文中的““It’s the only way he’s going to learn.” No longer would his mother write Andrew’s papers for him.”以及下文大家停止帮助Andrew的一系列行为可知，此处应指的是让Andrew必须经历“失败”。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他弟弟不肯帮他操作电脑。A. move移动；B. operate操作；C. repair修理；D. clean打扫干净。根据常识可知，此处应为“操作”电脑。故选B项。
27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：退一步是有点狠心。A. bad-tempered坏脾气的；B. beneficial有益的；C. delightful高兴的；D. hard-hearted狠心的。根据下文中的“to step back”以及上文中大家很多事不再帮Andrew可知，此处指的是有点“狠心”。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查介词短语辨词义辨析。句意：但每个人都支持。A. in desperation绝望地；B. at a loss不知所措；C. out of question没问题；D. on board支持的，赞成的。根据上文中的“It was a little ____7____ to step back.”以及but可知，尽管有点狠心，但大家都“支持”，on board的意思是“支持的，赞成的”符合语境。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他有时大声抱怨。A. loudly大声地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. politely礼貌地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据下文中的“But then things began to change. Andrew would come home from ____10____, get a snack and start on his homework.”可知，Andrew有时候“大声”抱怨。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Andrew会从学校回家，吃点零食，然后开始做作业。A. hospital医院；B. school学校；C. office办公室；D. college大学。根据上文中的“Andrew might not even finish high school.”可知，此处指的是从“学校”回去家。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他看到Christy真的在他身边。A. stubbornly顽固地；B. creatively创新地；C. surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. really真地。根据下文中的“She wouldn’t do his papers for him”可知，Christy“真地”在那，但也不帮他写试卷。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她还教他如何处理挫折和困难。A. deal with处理；B. break down分解；C. put away收拾，整理；D. shame on可耻。根据下文中的“frustration and difficulties”可知此处指指导他“处理，解决”困难和挫折。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦他的工作完成，Christy就会给他自由。A. kingdom王国；B. insurance保险；C. money金钱；D. freedom自由。根据下文中的“She’d take him to the bookstore or to a store where he could buy Pokemon cards.”可知，此处指的是验他提供一些“自由”。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：或者出去吃最喜欢的食物，寿司。A. good-looking好看自的；B. home-made自制的；C. healthy健康的；D. favorite最喜欢的。根据上文中的“She’d take him to the bookstore or to a store where he could buy Pokemon cards. To the movies.”可知，此处指带他去吃“最喜欢的”食物。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一步步地，Andrew获得了独立。A. award奖励；B. encouragement鼓励；C. independence独立；D. interest兴趣。根据语境及上文“Christy saw the ____4____ right away. “Andrew wouldn’t take a step without his mother’s permission,” she remembers.”可知，在Christy发现Andrew过度的依赖他人的问题后，在大家齐心协力的帮助下，Andrew最终获得了“独立”。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ten years ago, liberal arts majors were popular, but according to a recent report, engineering and sciences majors are ____36____(much) favored by Chinese university students nowadays. The shift has happened since the country set its focus on growth ____37____(power) by technological breakthroughs. Artificial intelligence topped the list of most popular majors. Other popular majors this year include big data, mechanical engineering and electrical engineering. Medicine has also been ____38____ high demand for the last two years due to increased ____39____(aware) of public health as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
In 2013, the top five majors were all liberal arts—financial management, marketing, English, business management and law. The ____40____(popular) of engineering has also been reflected in the annual ____41____(adjust) of university majors by the Ministry of Education. It added 31 new undergraduate majors last year, 14 of ____42____ were in engineering.
Jia Limin ____43____ professor at the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety at Beijing Jiaotong University, said that the shift is a reflection of changing patterns of development. Financial and management majors were ____44____(previous) popular due to the capital’s role in driving social and economic progress. _____45_____(rise) geopolitical tensions have encouraged the turn toward engineering, as China has realized that technology will be the fundamental engine of future growth, and so engineering and science majors have become the most popular, he said.
【答案】36. more
37. powered
38. in 39. awareness
40. popularity
41. adjustment
42. which 43. a
44. previously
45. Rising
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是大学专业的设计会随着时代的变化在不断的调整。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：十年前，文科专业很受欢迎，但根据最近的一份报告，工程和科学专业现在更受中国大学生的青睐。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，根据“Ten years ago, liberal arts majors were popular, but according to a recent report,”可知，此处指现在与十年前的比较，所以使用副词比较级。故填more。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一转变发生在中国将重点放在由技术突破推动的增长上之后。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，power与所修饰词growth之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填powered。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：过去两年，由于COVID-19大流行提高了公共卫生意识，医疗需求也很高。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语in demand意为“高需求”。故填in。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：过去两年，由于COVID-19大流行提高了公共卫生意识，医疗需求也很高。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作increased的宾语，aware的名词为awareness且不可数。故填awareness。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：工程学的受欢迎程度也反映在教育部每年的大学专业调整中。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作主语，popular的名词为popularity意为“受欢迎”，根据谓语动词has been reflected可知，此处为单数形式。故填popularity。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：工程学的受欢迎程度也反映在教育部每年的大学专业调整中。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，adjust的名词为adjustment意为“调整”且结合句意可知，此处为抽象概念为不可数。故填adjustment。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：去年，该校新增了31个本科专业，其中14个是工程专业。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少介词of的宾语，所以使用关系代词，先行词为majors指物。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：北京交通大学轨道交通控制与安全国家重点实验室的贾利民教授表示，这种转变反映了发展模式的变化。分析句子结构可知，professor为可数名词单数，其前需有限定词，此处所在的短语为同位语，对Jia Limin进行解释说明，所以此处意为“一位教授”，表泛指，使用不定冠词，且professor的第一个音素为辅音。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于首都在推动社会和经济发展方面的作用，金融和管理专业以前很受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，修饰形容词popular，previous的副词为previously意为“以前地”符合句意。故填previously。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他说，不断加剧的地缘政治紧张局势促使人们转向工程学，因为中国已经意识到，技术将是未来增长的根本引擎，因此工程学和理科专业成为最受欢迎的专业。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰句子主语，rise与其所修饰词geopolitical tensions之间为主动关系，结合句意，此处表示“不断上升的”，所以使用现在分词形式。故填rising且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Rising。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 学校英文报正在开展以“Gender information in UK educational institutions”为题的征文比赛。请使用下表中的信息写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 信息描述；
2. 小结规律。

注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Gender information in UK educational institutions
The chart gives information about the gender of teachers in six types of educational institutions in the UK
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Gender information in UK educational institutions
The chart gives information about the gender of teachers in six types of educational institutions in the UK. It shows what percentage of teachers is male and what percentage is female.
Women dominate the teaching profession in nurseries or preschools, where the share of female teachers is above 90%, but less so at secondary education.
At college level this pattern is different, where there are nearly equal numbers of male and female teachers. On the other hand, male teachers outnumber female teachers at university level, where the proportion of men is twice that of women.
Overall, the higher the level of education, the more male teachers there are.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Gender information in UK educational institutions”为题，使用表中的信息写一篇短文投稿参加学校的征文比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
种类：type→kind/sort
显示：show→reveal
不同的：different→of difference
总的来说：overall→on the whole
2句式拓展
使用定语从句合并句子
原句：The chart gives information about the gender of teachers in six types of educational institutions in the UK. It shows what percentage of teachers is male and what percentage is female.
拓展句：The chart gives information about the gender of teachers in six types of educational institutions in the UK, which shows what percentage of teachers is male and what percentage is female.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It shows what percentage of teachers is male and what percentage is female.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】At college level this pattern is different, where there are nearly equal numbers of male and female teachers.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We had four children, never intending to adopt a child, but a call came through that morning. A home was needed for a girl immediately. The whole family prepared to greet her. The kids helped with the cleaning. That afternoon, Trudy arrived with a social worker, Mrs Kline. I’d never forget the frightened look in her eyes. I stepped forward, saying, “Welcome to our home, Trudy.” Her eyes looked back and forth like a creature looking for a way out. This had been her fifth foster home. No wonder she was afraid. For the first two weeks, Trudy was still shy. Mrs Kline had told us her history, but I never mentioned the terrible things that had happened to her. She also got along well with all my four children.
One day, when Trudy had been with us for about a month, I took my eldest daughter, Joanne shopping for a new winter coat, and Trudy went too. Joanne was trying on a green jacket. It was expensive, but she begged, promising to do extra chores for the jacket.
Trudy picked out a jacket she liked and was looking into the mirror for long. As I watched her, I realized it wasn’t the same girl that had entered our home about a month ago. She held her head higher. Putting the jacket back on the rack, she rejoined Joanne.
“The jacket looks so nice on you,” Trudy said. “Can I borrow it sometime?” she said. I hadn’t seen her face so bright before. While they were busy, I asked the salesperson to wrap up the jacket Trudy had tried on. “Please don’t let her see it — it’s a surprise,” I explained. For the next few minutes, I kept Trudy busy while the salesperson was wrapping it. We bought the coat Joanne loved and I managed to bring the parcels to the car without being noticed.
On arriving home, Joanne proudly modelled her new coat for Trudy again. I asked Trudy to go out to the car and bring in the other parcel.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I asked Trudy to open the parcel for me.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I took Trudy’s face in my hands, and asked, “Isn’t this the jacket you were trying on?”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I asked Trudy to open the parcel for me. I could hear the sound of opening the parcel, and then I saw her reaching out to touch the jacket. Her hand stopped as if she had touched something terrible. I walked over to her and put my arms around her. Trudy looked directly into my eyes, unable to speak. Joanne looked at me, anxiety and concern for this newly acquired sister showing in her face.
I took Trudy’s face in my hands, and asked, “Isn’t this the jacket you were trying on?” At that moment, Trudy burst into tears. “In all my life, no one has ever bought me a beautiful jacket like this. Why did you do this?” She held the jacket and stared at it with disbelief. On the edge of tears myself now, my voice shook as I managed to say, “Because you deserve it.” I left the kitchen and went to my room so she would not see me crying. My heart ached for this child who didn’t think she was worthy of a coat. Finally, I had the chance to make her happy.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，作者的家庭领养了一个女孩Trudy，初次到来时她很害怕，这是她的第五个寄养家庭了。最初的两个星期她还是很害羞，社工人员告诉了作者发生在Trudy身上的可怕的事情，作者从来不提起她的过去，Trudy逐渐和家里的孩子融合。一个月后的一天，作者带着大女儿Joanne去买冬衣，Trudy也跟着去了，Joanne恳求作者买了一件昂贵的夹克衫，作者答应了。Trudy虽然很喜欢一件夹克衫，但是并没有要求买，而是请求Joanne可以把新买的夹克衫借给她。作者偷偷让售货员把Trudy挑中的夹克衫包起来，想给她一个惊喜，回到家后作者请Trudy把那个包裹拿进来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我让Trudy帮我打开包裹。”可知，第一段可描写Trudy打开包裹后震惊的反应，以及作者和Joanne关心Trudy。
②由第二段首句内容“我把Trudy的脸捧在手里，问道：“这不是你试穿的夹克吗？””可知，第二段可描写Trudy回答作者的问题，以及作者的反应。
2.续写线索：Trudy打开包裹——Trudy的反应——作者和Joanne的关心——作者提问——Trudy回答——作者的反应
3.词汇激活
行为类
①停下：stop/come to a stop/pause
②得到：acquire/obtain/gain/get
③显现：show/appear/manifest
情绪类
①忧虑：anxiety/concern/worry/nervousness
②开心的：happy/joyful/delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1] Her hand stopped as if she had touched something terrible.（as if引导方式状语从句）
[高分句型2] Joanne looked at me, anxiety and concern for this newly acquired sister showing in her face.（独立主格结构anxiety and concern…作伴随状语）
[高分句型3] On the edge of tears myself now, my voice shook as I managed to say, “Because you deserve it.”（as引导时间状语从句）
[高分句型4] My heart ached for this child who didn’t think she was worthy of a coat.（who引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词this child、that引导名词性从句作think的宾语并被省略）