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2023年上海市回民中学中考英语二模试卷(含答案解析)
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这是一份2023年上海市回民中学中考英语二模试卷(含答案解析)，共20页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年上海市回民中学中考英语二模试卷
1. Summer came to ________ end when the golden leaves fell to the ground.（ ）
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. Success in life doesn't happen ________ accident，but with effort and practice.（ ）
A. with B. on C. in D. by
3. —Did you notice ________ enter the building just now？
—No，I didn't.（ ）
A. none B. someone C. anyone D. everyone
4. Teach the boy a skill，and he will be able to feed for a lifetime.（ ）
A. he B. his C. him D. himself
5. When you choose fruits，remember that the colour is，the better the taste is.（ ）
A. bright B. brighter C. the brighter D. the brightest
6. Looking into my eyes，my father said _________ to me， "Now everything is back to normal again."（ ）
A. kindly B. likely C. lovely D. friendly
7. A：Must I wear the seat belt throughout the journey？
B：No，you ________.（ ）
A. can't B. mustn't C. wouldn't D. needn't
8. The man will do anything ________ his son even if he runs into real trouble.（ ）
A. save B. saving C. to save D. to saving
9. During the 1970s，the Internet ________ to share information between different research teams.（ ）
A. is developed B. was developed
C. will be developed D. has been developed
10. He said he _________ to study abroad but he gave it up because of the COVID-19.（ ）
A. planned B. would plan C. had planned D. has planned
11. When Sam tennis with his brother，he heard a strange noise from the bush.（ ）
A. play B. was playing C. is reading D. has played
12. Jack tried to start the engine several times， nothing happened.（ ）
A. but B. for C. so D. or
13. Would you mind my_______ you alone here in the meeting room for a few minutes？（ ）
A. leave B. to leave C. leaving D. to leaving
14. It is reported that the bush fire ________ in serious economic losses in that country.（ ）
A. result B. is resulting C. would result D. has resulted
15. Look!________ mess you have made in here!（ ）
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
16.
A.continues B.serious C.press D.strong E.wild
Animal bites
If an animal bites you，you can wash the part with soap and water and apply the wound with a clean cloth if it is a bleeding.Bites by（1） ______ animals like bats，rats and foxes may cause terrible diseases.If this happens，ask for advice from a doctor.
Nosebleeds（流鼻血）
Although they are scary，nosebleeds are not strange in children and they usually aren't（2） ______ .Let the person sit up with his or her head forward.Do not let the person lean back as this may cause coughing.（3） ______ the soft part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.If the nosebleed（4） ______ after this，ask for advice from a doctor.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
17.
A.painful B.worse C.immediately D.care E.agent
Insect stings（虫叮）
Although insect stings can be awful，they usually don't require treatment by a doctor.They still need emergency（紧急）medical（1） ______ .If a bee stings the person，remove it gently with a hand.Wash the part with soap and water.Use ice or a cool wet cloth to make it less（2） ______ .If there are any signs of getting（3） ______ ，call an ambulance.
Knocked-out tooth（碰落的牙）
Find the knocked-out tooth.Wash the tooth in milk or salt water.Store it in milk until you get to the dentist.Ask for help from a dentist or go to an emergency room（4） ______ .It may help you save the tooth.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
18. Giant pandas live on bamboo shoots and ______ ，and most of them live in China. （leaf）
19. Maria，a lady in her late ______ ，looks young for her age. （thirty）
20. My brother was so careless that he was completely ______ of the trouble he had made. （aware）
21. When you surf on line，be careful not to give away your ______ information. （person）
22. I was full of joy at the ______ of meeting my old friend in an hour. （think）
23. Generally，male birds are more ______ than the females. （colour）
24. The word "wow" is ______ used in speech，instead of in writing. （main）
25. Our ______ in the government grows because people are living a better life. （confident）
26. That big mistake almost cost his life. （改为一般疑问句）
______ that big mistake almost ______ his life？
27. Dogs need large open spaces so that they can run free.（对划线部分提问）
______ dogs need large open spaces？
28. If we plant the seeds in the soil，they will grow.
______ the seeds in the soil， ______ they will grow. （保持句意基本不变）
29. People created sound effects to add excitement to the film. （改为被动语态）
Sound effects ______ to add excitement to the film.
30. "How can you make your memory more efficient？" Mary asked her son. （改为间接引语）
Mary asked her son how ______ make his memory more efficient.
31. The young man is independent of his parents now. （保持句意基本不变）
The young man doesn't ______ his parents any longer.
32. watching me，seems，playing the violin，my mother，to enjoy （连词成句）
______
G1
Mr Testtube has found three interesting articles at the website www.globalfun.com for his students.
Cambridge University's 'doctor of chocolate'
Cambridge University is looking for someone to study the method of preserving （保存）chocolates in hot weather.It is a sweet job for a sweet tooth.However，the person needs to be good at math.Chocolate has a melting point close to our body temperature.For that reason，chocolate melts easily in hot weather.You might think the advertisement from Cambridge University is ridiculous，but if there is really a ' doctor of chocolate' ，he or she will help people a lot.
One logo（商标）isn't too expensive to print because it doesn't need much ink，but printing a large number of logos could cost a lot.In order to save money and energy，an American design company made small changes to some famous brands，such as Nike，McDonald's and Starbucks，to cut the cost.The design company retained （保留）the main body of these logos，but left an empty space inside.The logos look almost the same，but in this way，the famous brands could save 39 percent of the ink during the printing process.Let's hope other companies will take this advice.The measure will save them money and use less energy，too.
Funny menu for children
Dining out with children can be an unpleasant experience for most parents，because kids are always running round the entire restaurant，saying"I don't know what I want' or 'I'm not hungry." But now，a Maryland restaurant has created the 'Kid Friendlies 'menu.It translates children's words into meals to help parents order for their kids.A father said，'As a dad，I think this is on the money.' Here is the menu.
Kid Friendlies
'I don't know.'--- Triple Layer PB&J 2.50
'I don't care.' --- Grilled Peanut Butter & Banana Sandwich 3.50
I am not hungry.' --- Basket of Chicken Tenders 7.00
'I don't want that.' --- Kids Fries 3.50
What？' --- Cheese Quesadilla 4.50
33. From the first article，we can know chocolate melts easily when it is near ______ .
A. 30℃ B. 25℃ C. 37℃ D. 15℃
34. The underlined " doctor of chocolate" in the first article probably means 'a person who ______ .
A. studies how to make good chocolate in hot weather
B. knows how to keep chocolate in a good condition，especially in hot weather
C. looks after people who have toothache because of eating too much chocolate
D. likes eating sweet chocolate and is good at chemistry as well （3） ______ matches the logo of Nike after some small changes made by a design company. （ 4） ______ has made up a special menu for those parents with kids dining out together. A.McDonald's B.An American design company C.A Maryland restaurant D.Starbucks （5）A parent may probably order ______ if his child doesn't mind what to eat. A.Basket of Chicken Tenders B.Grilled Peanut Butter & Banana Sandwich C.Triple Layer PB&J D.Cheese Quesadilla （6）The best title of the second article may be ______ . A.A design company B.Ways to print a logo C.Logos of famous brands D.Less ink less waste.
Around 80 examples of failed products，business and ideas are showed in the newly opened museum in Sweden.It is to celebrate modern history's（1） ______ designs -- from Coca-Cola Blak，a coffee-inspired drink，to Bic pens made just for women.
Besides showing long﹣forgotten failure，founder Dr.Samuel West is on a task to help us learn from our mistakes.Samuel set up the museum after growing （2） ______ success stories.He said understanding bad design could be more valuable than making good design.
"Most of all creative projects fail，and learning is the only way to turn failure into success."according to the museum's website. "I hope that visitors take home two （3） ______ ：that failure is connected with success，and that they should understand the importance of learning from failure，"said Dr.West.
"The purpose of the museum is to show that creativity requires failure，" Dr.West said as he introduced some of the products in a video."If you are afraid of failure，then you can't create."His purpose of starting the museum was to encourage organizations to be better at learning from failure instead of ignoring（无视） them and pretend they （4） ______ happened.
Many of the museum's items were available online.West believed that poorly﹣designed products have little in common with one another.One of the items，for example，is a frozen beef lasagna（意式千层面）made by Colgate（Yes，the company that makes toothpaste）.West （5） ______ this as a classical case of "brand extension failure".
A collection of nine objects from the museum is our tour.The traveling collection of failures will then visit Los Angeles，New York，Shanghai and Tokyo in 2018 and 2019.
History may be written by the winners，but we should not ignore the losers. （6） ______ ，that's what the Museum of Failure wants us to believe.
35. A. best B. cheapest C. worst D. easiest
36. A. satisfied with B. tired of C. keen on D. surprised at
37. A. stories B. bargains C. tools D. messages
38. A. always B. never C. sometimes D. usually
39. A. denied B. imagined C. invented D. described
40. A. At least B. At all C. At most D. At first
41. Augie Dobson，a 9-year-old American boy is proud of his ability to speak Chinese.He has been studying the language for three year from Shanghai Community International School.
Augie is one of a group of three and took part in a drama performance competition.It was organized to e（1） ______ overseas students to understand Chinese culture.
Their play is based on Tang Dynasty （618﹣907）poet He Zhizhang's "Hui Xiang Ou Shu，"Luckily，the play got the second p（2） ______ at yesterday's ceremony.
"Hui Xiang Ou Shu" means writing something after returning home.It describes an old man who left his hometown at a young age but feels like a s（3） ______ when he returns a couple of years later.
Mrs Sun，a Chinese teacher in school said she tries to teach her pupils to sing and dance to the poem."Children are interested in singing poems rather than just reciting t（4） ______ .
Students at Shanghai Community International School now learn an ancient poem every day."It's difficult b（5） ______ I 'm trying to remember，"said Augie.
The first prize went to drama "Kong Cheng Ji，"performed by students at Dulwich College Shanghai.Kong Cheng Ji，tells of Zhuge liang during the Three Kingdoms period （220﹣280）.He had no army to protect and guard the city but m（6） ______ to make the enemy's leader Sima Yi believe that the city was full of traps and ambushes（埋伏）.As a result，Sima gave up.
Li Zihao plays Sima in the drama.Li is a fan of chengyu，Chinese four﹣character idioms（四字成语）.
"I've downloaded an app about telling stories with chengyu，and he loves it.I think chengyu is a very s（7） ______ and important parts of Chinese culture.Four words alone can mean a lot，and chengyu shows the great wisdom of old Chinese people." said his mother.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
42. Chinese boys are failing to become men according to a new book CALLED Save the Boys. The book says today's Chinese boys are both physically and emotionally（情感地）weak. It claims， in effect， that boys are becoming more girly!
The writers of the book say modern culture and education system have an effect on this situation. They also say boys' learning is constricted（受限制的）by having to sit still in class all day. They don't have good role models in school because most of their teachers are women. On top of that， most men role models in pop-culture， the authors say， are effeminate（女子气的）.
Now， if you are a boy reading this， you shouldn't get too nervous（you may already be laughing!）， because the book is just talking about social changes that have been happening all over the world， not just in China. When the world was becoming richer， the traditional roles of men and women changed a lot. Now we no longer live in old times when men had to defend their families from man-eating tigers. And women are no longer financially（经济地）dependent on men because they have their own jobs and careers.
Becoming a man is a difficult and long process. Your best role model is probably your father. From our fathers we learn that a man is honest and kind. He is responsible and hardworking. He always faces difficulties and doesn't complain or make excuses. He may not have big muscles， but he does have a big heart. As long as there are good fathers， there is no need to worry about"saving"the boys.
(1) What's today's Chinese boys' problem according to a book called Save the Boys？ ______
(2) According to the book， what causes the boys' problem？ ______
(3) Why do the boys have no good role models in school？ ______
(4) According to the book， social changes are just happening in China， aren't they？ ______
(5) Who can be the boys' best role model？ ______
(6) What can we do to help boys become men？ ______
43. 你校社团正在招募负责人，社团有：球类（Ball Games）演讲（ Speech）器乐（ Instrumental Music）戏剧（ Drama）手工（ Handicrafts）摄影（ Photography）。
假如你是李华，请给学生会的负责人Lily 写一封e-mail。结合你的兴趣特长，说明你想作为哪一个社团的负责人以及理由。
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】a一，后接以辅音音素开头的单词；an一，后接以元音音素开头的单词；the这，定冠词；/零冠词，即不用冠词。根据"came to"和"end"可知，come to an end"结束"。
故选：B。
当金色的树叶落在地上时，夏天结束了。
考查冠词词义的辨析，要抓出关键词结合句意选择合适的一项。
2.【答案】D
【解析】with具有，和，用；on在……上；in在……里；by在……旁边，通过。根据"but with effort and practice"可知，人生的成功不是偶然发生的，by accident"偶然，意外地"，介词短语。
故选：D。
人生的成功不是偶然发生的，而是需要努力和实践。
考查介词辨析，要抓出关键词结合句意选择合适的一项。
3.【答案】C
【解析】none没有；someone某人；anyone任何人；everyone每个人。根据"Did you notice...enter the building"可知，询问是否注意有人进去了，疑问句用anyone。
故选：C。
——刚才注意到有人进大楼了吗？
——不，我没有。
考查代词辨析，要抓出关键词结合句意选择合适的一项。
4.【答案】D
【解析】he他，人称代词主格；his他的，物主代词；him他，人称代词宾格；himself他自己，反身代词。根据语境，可知教给那个男孩一个技能，他就会能够供养自己一生，宾语与主语是同一人，因此用反身代词。
故选：D。
教给那个男孩一个技能，他就会能够供养自己一生。
辨析代词的含义和用法，结合语境，给出答案。
5.【答案】C
【解析】bright明亮的；brighter更明亮的；the brighter特指更明亮的；the brightest最明亮的。这里是the+比较级...the+比较级..."越......就越......"的形式。
故选：C。
当你选择水果时，记住颜色越亮，味道越好。
掌握固定搭配the+比较级...the+比较级..."越......就越......"，选择正确答案。
6.【答案】A
【解析】kindly和蔼地；likely可能；lovely可爱的；friendly友好的。此空修饰动词said，应填副词，排除C和D选项。根据"my father said …to me"可知，爸爸和蔼地说。
故选：A。
父亲看着我的眼睛，和蔼地对我说："现在一切都恢复正常了。"
首先要掌握这个句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案。
7.【答案】D
【解析】can't不可能；mustn't禁止；wouldn't将不；needn't不必。must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用don't have to或needn't。
故选：D。
A：一路上我必须系上安全带吗？
B：不，你不必。
主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对情态动词的掌握。
8.【答案】C
【解析】根据"The man will do anything"和"his son"可知，此处表示这个人为了救他的儿子可以做任何事，由于句子中已有谓语动词，故此处应用非谓语动词，由于这里表目的，故应用动词不定式作目的状语。
故选：C。
这个男子会不惜一切代价来救他的儿子，即使遇到了真正的麻烦。
主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对不定式的掌握。
9.【答案】B
【解析】主语the Internet与动词develop之间是被动关系，结合During the 1970s可知，此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done。
故选：B。
在20世纪70年代，互联网被开发出来在不同的研究团队之间共享信息。
考查动词时态，根据语境，用合适的时态及形式完成本题。
10.【答案】B
【解析】plan计划。A.一般过去时；B.过去将来时；C.过去完成时；D.现在完成时。根据句意：他曾计划出国留学，但由于新冠肺炎疫情，他放弃了这个计划。可知此处是指过去打算做某事，用过去将来时would+动词原形。
故选：B。
他曾计划出国留学，但由于新冠肺炎疫情，他放弃了这个计划。
熟悉过去将来时的用法，结合题意，给出答案。
11.【答案】B
【解析】play是动词原形，是一般现在时；was playing是过去进行时；is reading是现在进行时；has played是现在完成时。根据句意和主句是一般过去时可知，时间状语从句表述过去某时刻正在发生的事情，要用过去进行时。
故选：B。
当山姆和他哥哥打网球时，他听到灌木丛里传来一种奇怪的声音。
对时态的考查，要求牢记各种时态的构成形式，结合时间状语和上下文的关系，找出正确答案。
12.【答案】A
【解析】but但是；for为了；so所以；or或者、否则。根据"杰克试着发动引擎好几次，......什么都没发生。"可知，表示转折，填but"但是"。
故选：A。
杰克试着发动引擎好几次，但什么都没发生。
连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境，选择合适连词用法。
13.【答案】C
【解析】A原形，B不定式，C动名词，D介词+动名词，mind doing sth"介意做某事"，动名词作宾语。
故选：C。
你介意我让你一个人在会议室呆几分钟吗？
首先要掌握这个句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案。
14.【答案】D
【解析】此处是宾语从句，根据"It is reported"及主现从不限可知，从句用任何时态。根据"the bush fire …in serious economic losses in that country"可知，从句强调大火给国家造成的影响，用现在完成时结构。
故选：D。
据报道，那场丛林大火给那个国家造成了严重的经济损失。
考查动词时态，根据语境，用合适的时态及形式完成本题。
15.【答案】C
【解析】What用来感叹名词，此句用来感叹横线后"mess"，mess"杂乱，一团糟"，是可数名词单数，所以是What a。
故选：C。
看啊！你把这里弄得一团糟！
首先要掌握这个句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案。
16.【答案】【小题1】E
【小题2】B
【小题3】C
【小题4】A
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：蝙蝠、老鼠和狐狸等野生动物的叮咬可能会导致可怕的疾病。根据设空后面的句子animals like bats，rats and foxes may cause terrible diseases.（蝙蝠、老鼠和狐狸等动物可能会引起可怕的疾病。）可知像蝙蝠，鼠和狐狸 等是"野生"动物，又因题干关键词"animals "动物，是名词形式，可用形容词来修饰，wild野生的，是形容词，符合题意，故选 E。
（2）考查形容词。句意：虽然流鼻血很可怕，但儿童流鼻血并不奇怪，而且通常也不严重。根据题干关键句：nosebleeds are not strange in children（儿童流鼻血并不奇怪）可知孩子流鼻血不奇怪，并且经常不太"严重"，又因该题干是主系表结构，所以设空处需要填一个形容词做表语，serious 严重的，是形容词形式，符合题意，故选 B。
（3）考查动词。句意：按压鼻子的柔软部分至少10分钟。根据上文描述流鼻血，可知是按压鼻子的柔软部分至少10分钟。故选C。
（4）考查动词。句意：如果在此之后流鼻血仍在继续，请向医生寻求建议。根据题干主句：ask for advice from a doctor．（请向医生寻求建议。）可知如果鼻血"继续"流，向医生寻求建议，故选A。
本文主要描述了如果某人被动物咬伤或流鼻血等一些意外伤害的急救措施。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
17.【答案】【小题1】D
【小题2】A
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：它们仍然需要紧急医疗护理。空前medical（医学的）为形容词，空处应为名词，结合所给的词汇，可确定为care，medical care表示"医疗护理"。故选D。
（2）考查形容词。句意：使用冰块或凉爽的湿布来减轻疼痛。动词make后it为宾语，空处应为形容词作宾补，结合所给的词汇，可确定空处为painful，less painful表示"疼痛更少"。故选A。
（3）考查形容词的比较级。句意：如果有任何恶化的迹象，请叫救护车。空处getting为系动词，空处应为形容词作表语，结合所给的词汇，可确定空处为worse，表示"更差的"。故选B。
（4）考查副词。句意：立即向牙医寻求帮助或去急诊室。句子成分完整，结合所给的词汇，可确定空处为immediately，表示"立即，马上"。故选C。
这篇短文讲述了被蚊虫叮咬或者碰落牙齿时的应对方法。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
18.【答案】leaves
【解析】leaf是单数可数名词，空前没有冠词a/an，结合and前bamboo shoots可知，句意为：大熊猫以竹笋和竹叶为生，大多数生活在中国。故空处应填leaf的复数形式leaves。
故答案为：leaves。
大熊猫以竹笋和竹叶为生，大多数生活在中国。
做题时，把握关键词，确定可数名词的单复数形式。
19.【答案】thirties
【解析】thirty三十，基数词。in one's+整十基数词复数"在某人几十多岁时"固定搭配，填复数thirties。
故答案为：thirties。
玛丽亚，一位年近三十的女士，看起来比她的年龄年轻。
基数词表示数量，序数词表示第几，结合语境，找到关键词，选择正确答案。
20.【答案】unaware
【解析】aware意识到的，形容词。根据"我哥哥完全......他惹了什么麻烦。"可知，应该是"不知道的"，这里was系动词，系表结构，填形容词unaware作表语。
故填：unaware。
我哥哥太粗心了，他完全没有意识到自己惹的麻烦。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
21.【答案】personal
【解析】person人，名词。这里修饰名词information"信息"，用形容词personal"个人的"。
故答案为：personal。
当你上网冲浪时，小心不要泄露你的个人信息。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
22.【答案】thought
【解析】think想，动词。at the thought of ..."一想到......"固定搭配。
故答案为：thought。
一想到一小时后能见到我的老朋友，我就满心欢喜。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
23.【答案】colourful
【解析】colour颜色，名词。这里are系动词，系表结构，填形容词colourful"五颜六色的、鲜艳的"作表语。
故答案为：colourful。
一般来说，雄鸟比雌鸟色彩更鲜艳。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
24.【答案】mainly
【解析】main主要的，形容词。这里修饰动词used，用副词mainly"主要地"。
故答案为：mainly。
"哇"这个词主要用于演讲，而不是写作。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
25.【答案】confidence
【解析】confident自信的，形容词。这里形容词性物主代词Our"我们的"，修饰不可数名词confidence"自信"。
故答案为：confidence。
我们对政府的信心与日俱增，因为人们的生活越来越好。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
26.【答案】Did
【解析】原句是含有实义动词的一般过去时，改为一般疑问句要在句首添加助动词did，后面用动词原形。cost的过去式和动词原形一样。
故答案为：Did；cost。
那个大错误几乎使他付出了生命的代价。
那个大错误几乎使他付出了生命的代价吗？
句型转换题，要求正确理解句意，分析句子成分。要注意运用正确的时态和语序，有时还要添加助动词。
27.【答案】Why do
【解析】原句划线部分so that they can run free属于目的状语，提问常用疑问词Why。再把剩余部分变为一般疑问句，原句为一般现在时，且主语dogs为复数，需借助动词do。
故填：Why do。
狗需要很大的空地，以便于它们能自由奔跑。
为什么狗需要很大的空地？
对划线提问的题型，通常先选定疑问词，再把剩余部分变为一般疑问句。
28.【答案】Plant
【解析】根据句意可知本句为祈使句+and+陈述句结构。if如果，引导条件状语从句"如果你在土壤里种上种子，它们就会生长出来"和"把种子种在土壤中，它们就会生长出来"是同义的。
故答案为：Plant；and。
如果你在土壤里种上种子，它们就会生长出来。
把种子种在土壤中，它们就会生长出来。
同义句转换题，要求正确理解句意，分析句子成分，找出同义词或同义句型，要注意运用正确的时态和语序，有时还要添加助动词。
29.【答案】were created
【解析】根据题意是变成一般过去时态的被动语态，created是动词的过去式，主语是Sound effects和谓语动词之间存在被动关系，其结构是was/were done的形式。主语是复数形式，be动词用were，create"创造"，是动词，过去分词是created。
故答案为：were created。
人们创造了声音效果来给电影增添刺激。
为了给这部电影增添刺激，进行了音效处理。
根据提示，是主动语态变被动语态，注意被动语态的结构和时态，写出答案。
30.【答案】he could
【解析】句意：玛丽问儿子如何更有效地提高记忆力。当把直接引语变成直接引语时，要注意主语和谓语动词时态的变化，此题的主语"you"指的是"her son"应当变成"he"，谓语动词应变为过去时，所以，情态动词"can"应变成"could"。
故填：he could。
玛丽问儿子如何更有效地提高记忆力。
把直接引语变成间接引语是要特别注意句子主语，谓语动词，时间状语和地点状语的转换。
31.【答案】depend on
【解析】is independent of独立于，不依赖，是动词短语。depend on依靠，依赖，是动词短语。两者意思是相同的，在助动词does后面用动词原形。
故答案为：depend on。
这个年轻人现在不依赖于父母了。
这个年轻人不再依赖他的父母了。
句型转换题，要求正确理解句意，分析句子成分。要注意运用正确的时态和语序，有时还要添加助动词。
32.【答案】My mother seems to enjoy watching me playing the violin.
【解析】根据所给的标点，可知本题为陈述句，且为一般现在时态。My mother是主语，seems to do sth.似乎做某事，enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，me做宾语，playing the violin"拉小提琴"做宾语补足语。
故答案为：My mother seems to enjoy watching me playing the violin.
我妈妈似乎喜欢看我拉小提琴。
做连词成句这种类型的题，首先确定句子类型，如：陈述句、疑问句或感叹句等，然后根据所给单词，明确主语、谓语等句子成分，在确定句意的前提下结合语法知识组合句子。
33~34.【答案】C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段Chocolate has a melting point close to our body temperature.（巧克力的熔点接近我们的体温。）可知，我们可以知道巧克力在接近37℃时很容易融化。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段Cambridge University is looking for someone to study the method of preserving （保存）chocolates in hot weather.（剑桥大学正在寻找研究在炎热天气保存巧克力的方法的人。）以及You might think the advertisement from Cambridge University is ridiculous，but if there is really a ' doctor of chocolate' ，he or she will help people a lot.（你可能会认为剑桥大学的广告很荒谬，但如果真的有"巧克力博士"，他或她会帮助人们很多。）可知，"巧克力博士"可能指的是"一个人知道如何使巧克力保持良好的状态，尤其是在炎热的天气"。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段The design company retained （保留）the main body of these logos，but left an empty space inside．The logos look almost the same（设计公司保留了这些标志的主体，但在内部留下了空白。商标看起来几乎一样）可知，A选项的图片经过设计公司的一些小改动，与耐克的商标相匹配。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据第六段But now，a Maryland restaurant has created the 'Kid Friendlies 'menu.（但现在，马里兰州的一家餐厅创造了"儿童友好"菜单。）可知，马里兰州的一家餐馆为那些带着孩子一起外出就餐的父母制作了一份特别的菜单。故选C。
（5）细节理解题。根据方框里'I don't care.' --- Grilled Peanut Butter & Banana Sandwich （"我不在乎。"——烤花生酱和香蕉三明治）可知，如果孩子不介意吃什么，父母可能会点烤花生酱和香蕉三明治。故选B。
（6）标题归纳题。根据第四段One logo（商标）isn't too expensive to print because it doesn't need much ink，but printing a large number of logos could cost a lot．In order to save money and energy，an American design company made small changes to some famous brands，such as Nike，McDonald's and Starbucks，to cut the cost．（打印一个商标并不太贵，因为它不需要太多的墨水，但打印大量的商标可能会花很多钱。为了节省资金和能源，美国一家设计公司对一些著名品牌，如耐克、麦当劳和星巴克进行了小改动，以降低成本。）以及The design company retained （保留）the main body of these logos，but left an empty space inside．The logos look almost the same，but in this way，the famous brands could save 39 percent of the ink during the printing process．（设计公司保留了这些标志的主体，但在内部留下了空白。商标看起来几乎一样，但这样，名牌在印刷过程中可以节省39%的油墨。）可知，第二篇文章最好的标题可能是少油墨，少浪费。故选D。
本文讲述的是在网上搜寻的三个有趣文章，有关剑桥大学研究巧克力研究者的文章，为了节省开支而改造的商标以及为孩子特制的一个菜单。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
35~40.【答案】C、B、D、B、D、A
【解析】（1）形容词词义辨析。句意：它是为了庆祝现代历史上最坏的设计--从以咖啡为灵感的饮料Coca-Cola Blak，到专为女性设计的Bic笔。A.best最好的；B.cheapest最便宜的；C.worst最坏的；D.easiest最容易的。根据Besides showing long﹣forgotten failure（除了展示被遗忘已久的失败）可知，此处指历史上最坏的设计。故选C。
（2）短语词义辨析。句意：塞缪尔在厌倦了成功的故事后建立了这座博物馆。A.satisfied with对……感到满意；B.tired of厌倦的；C.keen on热衷于；D.surprised at对……感到惊讶。根据founder Dr．Samuel West is on a task to help us learn from our mistakes．（创始人塞缪尔•韦斯特博士正在从事可以帮助我们从我们的错误中学习的一项任务。）可知，塞缪尔在厌倦了成功的故事后建立了这座博物馆。故选B。
（3）名词词义辨析。句意：我希望参观者能带回家两个信息：失败与成功有关，他们应该懂得从失败中学习的重要性。A.stories故事；B.bargains廉价品；C.tools工具；D.messages信息。根据that failure is connected with success，and that they should understand the importance of learning from failure（失败与成功有关，他们应该懂得从失败中学习的重要性）可知，这是两个信息。故选D。
（4）副词词义辨析。句意：他创办这家博物馆的目的是鼓励组织更好地从失败中吸取教训，而不是忽视它们，假装它们从未发生过。A.always总是；B.never从不；C.sometimes有时候；D.usually通常。根据If you are afraid of failure，then you can't create.（如果你害怕失败，那么你就无法创造。）可知，此处指鼓励组织更好地从失败中吸取教训，不能忽视它们并假装它们从未发生过。故选B。
（5）动词词义辨析。句意：韦斯特将此描述为"品牌延伸失败"的经典案例。A.denied否认；B.imagined想象；C.invented发明；D.described描述。根据as a classical case of "brand extension failure".（作为"品牌延伸失败"的经典案例。）可知，此处指韦斯特将此描述为"品牌延伸失败"的经典案例。故选D。
（6）介词短语辨析。句意：至少，那就是失败博物馆想让我们相信的。A.At least至少；B.At all根本；C.At most最多；D.At first起先。根据History may be written by the winners，but we should not ignore the losers．（历史可能是由胜利者书写的，但我们不应该忽视失败者。）和选项可知，此处指至少那就是失败博物馆想让我们相信的。故选A。
本文主要介绍了塞缪尔•韦斯特博士正在从事可以帮助我们从我们的错误中学习的一项任务。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
41.【答案】【小题1】ncourage
【小题2】rize
【小题3】tranger
【小题4】hem
【小题5】ut
【小题6】anaged
【小题7】pecial
【解析】（1）考查动词。句意：组织起来鼓励海外学生了解中国文化。根据上一句 took part in a drama performance competition（参加了一个话剧表演比赛。）及首字母提示，可知，外国人参加汉语话剧表演，应该是"鼓励"，不定式to后用动词原形encourage。故填：encourage。
（2）考查名词。句意：幸运的是，该剧在昨天的颁奖典礼上获得了二等奖。及首字母提示，可知，应该是"the second prize"，二等奖，填prize。
（3）考查名词。句意：它描述了一个老人在他年轻的时候离开家乡，但当他几年后回来时，他觉得自己像个陌生人。及首字母提示，可知，应该是"陌生人"，由a一个。可知，用单数stranger，故填：stranger。
（4）考查代词。句意：孩子们对唱诗感兴趣而不是背诵它们。根据首字母提示，可知，应该是"它们"，代替poems诗，且用于动词后用宾格them它们。故填：them。
（5）考查连词。句意：它很难，但我正在努力记住。根据首字母提示，可知，表示转折，用but但是，故填：but。
（6）考查动词。句意：他没有军队来保卫城市，但设法使敌人的领袖司马懿认为，城市是充满陷阱和伏击。根据首字母提示，可知，应该是"设法"manage动词，一般过去时态，并列谓语动词用过去式managed，故填：managed。
（7）考查形容词。句意：它认为他是一个非常特殊和重要的中国文化的一部分。根据首字母提示，可知，应该是"特别的"，修饰名词用形容词special，故填：special。
本文主要介绍美国男孩Augie在中国学习汉语，并参加了汉语话剧表演比赛，他表演的是《回乡偶书》。还介绍了李子豪对四字成语感兴趣，因为它显示了中国人的智慧。
解答此类题型的方法一般就是根据文章前后句子之间意思推断出词义，并结合首字母推断出所缺单词，然后根据该单词在句子中的句子成分，所起作用，确定单词词形，进行适当词形变化。
42.【答案】【小题1】Chinese boys are failing to become man， they are both physically and emotionally weak．
【小题2】Modern culture and educational system．
【小题3】Because most of their teachers are women． And most men role models in pop-culture， the authors say， are effeminate．
【小题4】No，they aren't
【小题5】Their fathers
【小题6】We can hold some special activities and organize some organizations to help boys become mentally brave and physically strong．
【解析】88．Chinese boys are failing to become man， they are both physically and emotionally weak．细节理解题，根据Chinese boys are failing to become men according to a new book CALLED Save the Boys． The book says today's Chinese boys are both physically and emotionally（情感地）weak，可知根据一本叫《拯救男孩》的新书，中国男孩都未能成为男人，书上说今天的中国男生既有身体上的也有情感上的疲软，故答案为Chinese boys are failing to become man， they are both physically and emotionally weak．
89． Modern culture and educational system．细节理解题，根据The writers of the book say modern culture and education system have an effect on this situation，可知现代文化和教育体系对这种情况产生了影响，故答案为Modern culture and educational system．
90． Because most of their teachers are women． And most men role models in pop-culture， the authors say， are effeminate．细节理解题，根据They don't have good role models in school because most of their teachers are women． On top of that， most men role models in pop-culture， the authors say， are effeminate（女子气的）．可知因为学校的老师大多数是女老师，大部分男人的角色比较娘娘腔，故答案为Because most of their teachers are women． And most men role models in pop-culture， the authors say， are effeminate．
91． No， they aren't． 细节理解题，根据 because the book is just talking about social changes that have been happening all over the world， not just in China． 可知这种情况不仅仅在中国，故答案为No， they aren't．
92． Their fathers． 细节理解题，根据Your best role model is probably your father，可知男孩最好的榜样是父亲，故答案为Their fathers．
93． We can hold some special activities and organize some organizations to help boys become mentally brave and physically strong．细节理解题，根据语境，可知我们可以举办一些特殊的活动，组织一些组织来帮助男孩子们在精神上变得勇敢和强壮，故答案为We can hold some special activities and organize some organizations to help boys become mentally brave and physically strong．
文章大意：根据一本叫《拯救男孩》的新书，现在的男孩比较娘娘腔，缺乏男人应有的气质．现代文化和教育体系导致了这样的结果．我们应该举行一些特殊的活动来塑造男孩的男子汉气质．
首先要掌握短文的意思，然后结合具体的题目以及给出的英语提示，就可以确定正确答案
43.【答案】Dear Lily，
I am writing to you to apply for the head of Instrumental Music.（想成为哪一个社团的负责人）
As for me ，I prefer Instrumental Music.You know I have learnt piano for many years.And I want to learn more about music from others. 【高分句型一】What's more ，I can make more friends sharing the same interest with me.Life in senior high school is quite different.We are so busy every day.Therefore ，that will be a good chance for us to relax ourselves. （介绍自己）
I am looking forward to hearing from you. 【高分句型二】（期待）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】【高分句型一】
And I want to learn more about music from others. 我想从别人那里学习更多的音乐。
learn more about 学习更多关于……
【高分句型二】
I am looking forward to hearing from you. 我期待着你的消息。
look forward to doing sth 期待做某事。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
2023年上海市回民中学中考英语二模试卷
1. Summer came to ________ end when the golden leaves fell to the ground.（ ）
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. Success in life doesn't happen ________ accident，but with effort and practice.（ ）
A. with B. on C. in D. by
3. —Did you notice ________ enter the building just now？
—No，I didn't.（ ）
A. none B. someone C. anyone D. everyone
4. Teach the boy a skill，and he will be able to feed for a lifetime.（ ）
A. he B. his C. him D. himself
5. When you choose fruits，remember that the colour is，the better the taste is.（ ）
A. bright B. brighter C. the brighter D. the brightest
6. Looking into my eyes，my father said _________ to me， "Now everything is back to normal again."（ ）
A. kindly B. likely C. lovely D. friendly
7. A：Must I wear the seat belt throughout the journey？
B：No，you ________.（ ）
A. can't B. mustn't C. wouldn't D. needn't
8. The man will do anything ________ his son even if he runs into real trouble.（ ）
A. save B. saving C. to save D. to saving
9. During the 1970s，the Internet ________ to share information between different research teams.（ ）
A. is developed B. was developed
C. will be developed D. has been developed
10. He said he _________ to study abroad but he gave it up because of the COVID-19.（ ）
A. planned B. would plan C. had planned D. has planned
11. When Sam tennis with his brother，he heard a strange noise from the bush.（ ）
A. play B. was playing C. is reading D. has played
12. Jack tried to start the engine several times， nothing happened.（ ）
A. but B. for C. so D. or
13. Would you mind my_______ you alone here in the meeting room for a few minutes？（ ）
A. leave B. to leave C. leaving D. to leaving
14. It is reported that the bush fire ________ in serious economic losses in that country.（ ）
A. result B. is resulting C. would result D. has resulted
15. Look!________ mess you have made in here!（ ）
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
16.
A.continues B.serious C.press D.strong E.wild
Animal bites
If an animal bites you，you can wash the part with soap and water and apply the wound with a clean cloth if it is a bleeding.Bites by（1） ______ animals like bats，rats and foxes may cause terrible diseases.If this happens，ask for advice from a doctor.
Nosebleeds（流鼻血）
Although they are scary，nosebleeds are not strange in children and they usually aren't（2） ______ .Let the person sit up with his or her head forward.Do not let the person lean back as this may cause coughing.（3） ______ the soft part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.If the nosebleed（4） ______ after this，ask for advice from a doctor.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
17.
A.painful B.worse C.immediately D.care E.agent
Insect stings（虫叮）
Although insect stings can be awful，they usually don't require treatment by a doctor.They still need emergency（紧急）medical（1） ______ .If a bee stings the person，remove it gently with a hand.Wash the part with soap and water.Use ice or a cool wet cloth to make it less（2） ______ .If there are any signs of getting（3） ______ ，call an ambulance.
Knocked-out tooth（碰落的牙）
Find the knocked-out tooth.Wash the tooth in milk or salt water.Store it in milk until you get to the dentist.Ask for help from a dentist or go to an emergency room（4） ______ .It may help you save the tooth.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
18. Giant pandas live on bamboo shoots and ______ ，and most of them live in China. （leaf）
19. Maria，a lady in her late ______ ，looks young for her age. （thirty）
20. My brother was so careless that he was completely ______ of the trouble he had made. （aware）
21. When you surf on line，be careful not to give away your ______ information. （person）
22. I was full of joy at the ______ of meeting my old friend in an hour. （think）
23. Generally，male birds are more ______ than the females. （colour）
24. The word "wow" is ______ used in speech，instead of in writing. （main）
25. Our ______ in the government grows because people are living a better life. （confident）
26. That big mistake almost cost his life. （改为一般疑问句）
______ that big mistake almost ______ his life？
27. Dogs need large open spaces so that they can run free.（对划线部分提问）
______ dogs need large open spaces？
28. If we plant the seeds in the soil，they will grow.
______ the seeds in the soil， ______ they will grow. （保持句意基本不变）
29. People created sound effects to add excitement to the film. （改为被动语态）
Sound effects ______ to add excitement to the film.
30. "How can you make your memory more efficient？" Mary asked her son. （改为间接引语）
Mary asked her son how ______ make his memory more efficient.
31. The young man is independent of his parents now. （保持句意基本不变）
The young man doesn't ______ his parents any longer.
32. watching me，seems，playing the violin，my mother，to enjoy （连词成句）
______
G1
Mr Testtube has found three interesting articles at the website www.globalfun.com for his students.
Cambridge University's 'doctor of chocolate'
Cambridge University is looking for someone to study the method of preserving （保存）chocolates in hot weather.It is a sweet job for a sweet tooth.However，the person needs to be good at math.Chocolate has a melting point close to our body temperature.For that reason，chocolate melts easily in hot weather.You might think the advertisement from Cambridge University is ridiculous，but if there is really a ' doctor of chocolate' ，he or she will help people a lot.
One logo（商标）isn't too expensive to print because it doesn't need much ink，but printing a large number of logos could cost a lot.In order to save money and energy，an American design company made small changes to some famous brands，such as Nike，McDonald's and Starbucks，to cut the cost.The design company retained （保留）the main body of these logos，but left an empty space inside.The logos look almost the same，but in this way，the famous brands could save 39 percent of the ink during the printing process.Let's hope other companies will take this advice.The measure will save them money and use less energy，too.
Funny menu for children
Dining out with children can be an unpleasant experience for most parents，because kids are always running round the entire restaurant，saying"I don't know what I want' or 'I'm not hungry." But now，a Maryland restaurant has created the 'Kid Friendlies 'menu.It translates children's words into meals to help parents order for their kids.A father said，'As a dad，I think this is on the money.' Here is the menu.
Kid Friendlies
'I don't know.'--- Triple Layer PB&J 2.50
'I don't care.' --- Grilled Peanut Butter & Banana Sandwich 3.50
I am not hungry.' --- Basket of Chicken Tenders 7.00
'I don't want that.' --- Kids Fries 3.50
What？' --- Cheese Quesadilla 4.50
33. From the first article，we can know chocolate melts easily when it is near ______ .
A. 30℃ B. 25℃ C. 37℃ D. 15℃
34. The underlined " doctor of chocolate" in the first article probably means 'a person who ______ .
A. studies how to make good chocolate in hot weather
B. knows how to keep chocolate in a good condition，especially in hot weather
C. looks after people who have toothache because of eating too much chocolate
D. likes eating sweet chocolate and is good at chemistry as well （3） ______ matches the logo of Nike after some small changes made by a design company. （ 4） ______ has made up a special menu for those parents with kids dining out together. A.McDonald's B.An American design company C.A Maryland restaurant D.Starbucks （5）A parent may probably order ______ if his child doesn't mind what to eat. A.Basket of Chicken Tenders B.Grilled Peanut Butter & Banana Sandwich C.Triple Layer PB&J D.Cheese Quesadilla （6）The best title of the second article may be ______ . A.A design company B.Ways to print a logo C.Logos of famous brands D.Less ink less waste.
Around 80 examples of failed products，business and ideas are showed in the newly opened museum in Sweden.It is to celebrate modern history's（1） ______ designs -- from Coca-Cola Blak，a coffee-inspired drink，to Bic pens made just for women.
Besides showing long﹣forgotten failure，founder Dr.Samuel West is on a task to help us learn from our mistakes.Samuel set up the museum after growing （2） ______ success stories.He said understanding bad design could be more valuable than making good design.
"Most of all creative projects fail，and learning is the only way to turn failure into success."according to the museum's website. "I hope that visitors take home two （3） ______ ：that failure is connected with success，and that they should understand the importance of learning from failure，"said Dr.West.
"The purpose of the museum is to show that creativity requires failure，" Dr.West said as he introduced some of the products in a video."If you are afraid of failure，then you can't create."His purpose of starting the museum was to encourage organizations to be better at learning from failure instead of ignoring（无视） them and pretend they （4） ______ happened.
Many of the museum's items were available online.West believed that poorly﹣designed products have little in common with one another.One of the items，for example，is a frozen beef lasagna（意式千层面）made by Colgate（Yes，the company that makes toothpaste）.West （5） ______ this as a classical case of "brand extension failure".
A collection of nine objects from the museum is our tour.The traveling collection of failures will then visit Los Angeles，New York，Shanghai and Tokyo in 2018 and 2019.
History may be written by the winners，but we should not ignore the losers. （6） ______ ，that's what the Museum of Failure wants us to believe.
35. A. best B. cheapest C. worst D. easiest
36. A. satisfied with B. tired of C. keen on D. surprised at
37. A. stories B. bargains C. tools D. messages
38. A. always B. never C. sometimes D. usually
39. A. denied B. imagined C. invented D. described
40. A. At least B. At all C. At most D. At first
41. Augie Dobson，a 9-year-old American boy is proud of his ability to speak Chinese.He has been studying the language for three year from Shanghai Community International School.
Augie is one of a group of three and took part in a drama performance competition.It was organized to e（1） ______ overseas students to understand Chinese culture.
Their play is based on Tang Dynasty （618﹣907）poet He Zhizhang's "Hui Xiang Ou Shu，"Luckily，the play got the second p（2） ______ at yesterday's ceremony.
"Hui Xiang Ou Shu" means writing something after returning home.It describes an old man who left his hometown at a young age but feels like a s（3） ______ when he returns a couple of years later.
Mrs Sun，a Chinese teacher in school said she tries to teach her pupils to sing and dance to the poem."Children are interested in singing poems rather than just reciting t（4） ______ .
Students at Shanghai Community International School now learn an ancient poem every day."It's difficult b（5） ______ I 'm trying to remember，"said Augie.
The first prize went to drama "Kong Cheng Ji，"performed by students at Dulwich College Shanghai.Kong Cheng Ji，tells of Zhuge liang during the Three Kingdoms period （220﹣280）.He had no army to protect and guard the city but m（6） ______ to make the enemy's leader Sima Yi believe that the city was full of traps and ambushes（埋伏）.As a result，Sima gave up.
Li Zihao plays Sima in the drama.Li is a fan of chengyu，Chinese four﹣character idioms（四字成语）.
"I've downloaded an app about telling stories with chengyu，and he loves it.I think chengyu is a very s（7） ______ and important parts of Chinese culture.Four words alone can mean a lot，and chengyu shows the great wisdom of old Chinese people." said his mother.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
42. Chinese boys are failing to become men according to a new book CALLED Save the Boys. The book says today's Chinese boys are both physically and emotionally（情感地）weak. It claims， in effect， that boys are becoming more girly!
The writers of the book say modern culture and education system have an effect on this situation. They also say boys' learning is constricted（受限制的）by having to sit still in class all day. They don't have good role models in school because most of their teachers are women. On top of that， most men role models in pop-culture， the authors say， are effeminate（女子气的）.
Now， if you are a boy reading this， you shouldn't get too nervous（you may already be laughing!）， because the book is just talking about social changes that have been happening all over the world， not just in China. When the world was becoming richer， the traditional roles of men and women changed a lot. Now we no longer live in old times when men had to defend their families from man-eating tigers. And women are no longer financially（经济地）dependent on men because they have their own jobs and careers.
Becoming a man is a difficult and long process. Your best role model is probably your father. From our fathers we learn that a man is honest and kind. He is responsible and hardworking. He always faces difficulties and doesn't complain or make excuses. He may not have big muscles， but he does have a big heart. As long as there are good fathers， there is no need to worry about"saving"the boys.
(1) What's today's Chinese boys' problem according to a book called Save the Boys？ ______
(2) According to the book， what causes the boys' problem？ ______
(3) Why do the boys have no good role models in school？ ______
(4) According to the book， social changes are just happening in China， aren't they？ ______
(5) Who can be the boys' best role model？ ______
(6) What can we do to help boys become men？ ______
43. 你校社团正在招募负责人，社团有：球类（Ball Games）演讲（ Speech）器乐（ Instrumental Music）戏剧（ Drama）手工（ Handicrafts）摄影（ Photography）。
假如你是李华，请给学生会的负责人Lily 写一封e-mail。结合你的兴趣特长，说明你想作为哪一个社团的负责人以及理由。
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】a一，后接以辅音音素开头的单词；an一，后接以元音音素开头的单词；the这，定冠词；/零冠词，即不用冠词。根据"came to"和"end"可知，come to an end"结束"。
故选：B。
当金色的树叶落在地上时，夏天结束了。
考查冠词词义的辨析，要抓出关键词结合句意选择合适的一项。
2.【答案】D
【解析】with具有，和，用；on在……上；in在……里；by在……旁边，通过。根据"but with effort and practice"可知，人生的成功不是偶然发生的，by accident"偶然，意外地"，介词短语。
故选：D。
人生的成功不是偶然发生的，而是需要努力和实践。
考查介词辨析，要抓出关键词结合句意选择合适的一项。
3.【答案】C
【解析】none没有；someone某人；anyone任何人；everyone每个人。根据"Did you notice...enter the building"可知，询问是否注意有人进去了，疑问句用anyone。
故选：C。
——刚才注意到有人进大楼了吗？
——不，我没有。
考查代词辨析，要抓出关键词结合句意选择合适的一项。
4.【答案】D
【解析】he他，人称代词主格；his他的，物主代词；him他，人称代词宾格；himself他自己，反身代词。根据语境，可知教给那个男孩一个技能，他就会能够供养自己一生，宾语与主语是同一人，因此用反身代词。
故选：D。
教给那个男孩一个技能，他就会能够供养自己一生。
辨析代词的含义和用法，结合语境，给出答案。
5.【答案】C
【解析】bright明亮的；brighter更明亮的；the brighter特指更明亮的；the brightest最明亮的。这里是the+比较级...the+比较级..."越......就越......"的形式。
故选：C。
当你选择水果时，记住颜色越亮，味道越好。
掌握固定搭配the+比较级...the+比较级..."越......就越......"，选择正确答案。
6.【答案】A
【解析】kindly和蔼地；likely可能；lovely可爱的；friendly友好的。此空修饰动词said，应填副词，排除C和D选项。根据"my father said …to me"可知，爸爸和蔼地说。
故选：A。
父亲看着我的眼睛，和蔼地对我说："现在一切都恢复正常了。"
首先要掌握这个句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案。
7.【答案】D
【解析】can't不可能；mustn't禁止；wouldn't将不；needn't不必。must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用don't have to或needn't。
故选：D。
A：一路上我必须系上安全带吗？
B：不，你不必。
主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对情态动词的掌握。
8.【答案】C
【解析】根据"The man will do anything"和"his son"可知，此处表示这个人为了救他的儿子可以做任何事，由于句子中已有谓语动词，故此处应用非谓语动词，由于这里表目的，故应用动词不定式作目的状语。
故选：C。
这个男子会不惜一切代价来救他的儿子，即使遇到了真正的麻烦。
主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对不定式的掌握。
9.【答案】B
【解析】主语the Internet与动词develop之间是被动关系，结合During the 1970s可知，此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done。
故选：B。
在20世纪70年代，互联网被开发出来在不同的研究团队之间共享信息。
考查动词时态，根据语境，用合适的时态及形式完成本题。
10.【答案】B
【解析】plan计划。A.一般过去时；B.过去将来时；C.过去完成时；D.现在完成时。根据句意：他曾计划出国留学，但由于新冠肺炎疫情，他放弃了这个计划。可知此处是指过去打算做某事，用过去将来时would+动词原形。
故选：B。
他曾计划出国留学，但由于新冠肺炎疫情，他放弃了这个计划。
熟悉过去将来时的用法，结合题意，给出答案。
11.【答案】B
【解析】play是动词原形，是一般现在时；was playing是过去进行时；is reading是现在进行时；has played是现在完成时。根据句意和主句是一般过去时可知，时间状语从句表述过去某时刻正在发生的事情，要用过去进行时。
故选：B。
当山姆和他哥哥打网球时，他听到灌木丛里传来一种奇怪的声音。
对时态的考查，要求牢记各种时态的构成形式，结合时间状语和上下文的关系，找出正确答案。
12.【答案】A
【解析】but但是；for为了；so所以；or或者、否则。根据"杰克试着发动引擎好几次，......什么都没发生。"可知，表示转折，填but"但是"。
故选：A。
杰克试着发动引擎好几次，但什么都没发生。
连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境，选择合适连词用法。
13.【答案】C
【解析】A原形，B不定式，C动名词，D介词+动名词，mind doing sth"介意做某事"，动名词作宾语。
故选：C。
你介意我让你一个人在会议室呆几分钟吗？
首先要掌握这个句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案。
14.【答案】D
【解析】此处是宾语从句，根据"It is reported"及主现从不限可知，从句用任何时态。根据"the bush fire …in serious economic losses in that country"可知，从句强调大火给国家造成的影响，用现在完成时结构。
故选：D。
据报道，那场丛林大火给那个国家造成了严重的经济损失。
考查动词时态，根据语境，用合适的时态及形式完成本题。
15.【答案】C
【解析】What用来感叹名词，此句用来感叹横线后"mess"，mess"杂乱，一团糟"，是可数名词单数，所以是What a。
故选：C。
看啊！你把这里弄得一团糟！
首先要掌握这个句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案。
16.【答案】【小题1】E
【小题2】B
【小题3】C
【小题4】A
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：蝙蝠、老鼠和狐狸等野生动物的叮咬可能会导致可怕的疾病。根据设空后面的句子animals like bats，rats and foxes may cause terrible diseases.（蝙蝠、老鼠和狐狸等动物可能会引起可怕的疾病。）可知像蝙蝠，鼠和狐狸 等是"野生"动物，又因题干关键词"animals "动物，是名词形式，可用形容词来修饰，wild野生的，是形容词，符合题意，故选 E。
（2）考查形容词。句意：虽然流鼻血很可怕，但儿童流鼻血并不奇怪，而且通常也不严重。根据题干关键句：nosebleeds are not strange in children（儿童流鼻血并不奇怪）可知孩子流鼻血不奇怪，并且经常不太"严重"，又因该题干是主系表结构，所以设空处需要填一个形容词做表语，serious 严重的，是形容词形式，符合题意，故选 B。
（3）考查动词。句意：按压鼻子的柔软部分至少10分钟。根据上文描述流鼻血，可知是按压鼻子的柔软部分至少10分钟。故选C。
（4）考查动词。句意：如果在此之后流鼻血仍在继续，请向医生寻求建议。根据题干主句：ask for advice from a doctor．（请向医生寻求建议。）可知如果鼻血"继续"流，向医生寻求建议，故选A。
本文主要描述了如果某人被动物咬伤或流鼻血等一些意外伤害的急救措施。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
17.【答案】【小题1】D
【小题2】A
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：它们仍然需要紧急医疗护理。空前medical（医学的）为形容词，空处应为名词，结合所给的词汇，可确定为care，medical care表示"医疗护理"。故选D。
（2）考查形容词。句意：使用冰块或凉爽的湿布来减轻疼痛。动词make后it为宾语，空处应为形容词作宾补，结合所给的词汇，可确定空处为painful，less painful表示"疼痛更少"。故选A。
（3）考查形容词的比较级。句意：如果有任何恶化的迹象，请叫救护车。空处getting为系动词，空处应为形容词作表语，结合所给的词汇，可确定空处为worse，表示"更差的"。故选B。
（4）考查副词。句意：立即向牙医寻求帮助或去急诊室。句子成分完整，结合所给的词汇，可确定空处为immediately，表示"立即，马上"。故选C。
这篇短文讲述了被蚊虫叮咬或者碰落牙齿时的应对方法。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
18.【答案】leaves
【解析】leaf是单数可数名词，空前没有冠词a/an，结合and前bamboo shoots可知，句意为：大熊猫以竹笋和竹叶为生，大多数生活在中国。故空处应填leaf的复数形式leaves。
故答案为：leaves。
大熊猫以竹笋和竹叶为生，大多数生活在中国。
做题时，把握关键词，确定可数名词的单复数形式。
19.【答案】thirties
【解析】thirty三十，基数词。in one's+整十基数词复数"在某人几十多岁时"固定搭配，填复数thirties。
故答案为：thirties。
玛丽亚，一位年近三十的女士，看起来比她的年龄年轻。
基数词表示数量，序数词表示第几，结合语境，找到关键词，选择正确答案。
20.【答案】unaware
【解析】aware意识到的，形容词。根据"我哥哥完全......他惹了什么麻烦。"可知，应该是"不知道的"，这里was系动词，系表结构，填形容词unaware作表语。
故填：unaware。
我哥哥太粗心了，他完全没有意识到自己惹的麻烦。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
21.【答案】personal
【解析】person人，名词。这里修饰名词information"信息"，用形容词personal"个人的"。
故答案为：personal。
当你上网冲浪时，小心不要泄露你的个人信息。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
22.【答案】thought
【解析】think想，动词。at the thought of ..."一想到......"固定搭配。
故答案为：thought。
一想到一小时后能见到我的老朋友，我就满心欢喜。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
23.【答案】colourful
【解析】colour颜色，名词。这里are系动词，系表结构，填形容词colourful"五颜六色的、鲜艳的"作表语。
故答案为：colourful。
一般来说，雄鸟比雌鸟色彩更鲜艳。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
24.【答案】mainly
【解析】main主要的，形容词。这里修饰动词used，用副词mainly"主要地"。
故答案为：mainly。
"哇"这个词主要用于演讲，而不是写作。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
25.【答案】confidence
【解析】confident自信的，形容词。这里形容词性物主代词Our"我们的"，修饰不可数名词confidence"自信"。
故答案为：confidence。
我们对政府的信心与日俱增，因为人们的生活越来越好。
充分理解句意，再根据提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
26.【答案】Did
【解析】原句是含有实义动词的一般过去时，改为一般疑问句要在句首添加助动词did，后面用动词原形。cost的过去式和动词原形一样。
故答案为：Did；cost。
那个大错误几乎使他付出了生命的代价。
那个大错误几乎使他付出了生命的代价吗？
句型转换题，要求正确理解句意，分析句子成分。要注意运用正确的时态和语序，有时还要添加助动词。
27.【答案】Why do
【解析】原句划线部分so that they can run free属于目的状语，提问常用疑问词Why。再把剩余部分变为一般疑问句，原句为一般现在时，且主语dogs为复数，需借助动词do。
故填：Why do。
狗需要很大的空地，以便于它们能自由奔跑。
为什么狗需要很大的空地？
对划线提问的题型，通常先选定疑问词，再把剩余部分变为一般疑问句。
28.【答案】Plant
【解析】根据句意可知本句为祈使句+and+陈述句结构。if如果，引导条件状语从句"如果你在土壤里种上种子，它们就会生长出来"和"把种子种在土壤中，它们就会生长出来"是同义的。
故答案为：Plant；and。
如果你在土壤里种上种子，它们就会生长出来。
把种子种在土壤中，它们就会生长出来。
同义句转换题，要求正确理解句意，分析句子成分，找出同义词或同义句型，要注意运用正确的时态和语序，有时还要添加助动词。
29.【答案】were created
【解析】根据题意是变成一般过去时态的被动语态，created是动词的过去式，主语是Sound effects和谓语动词之间存在被动关系，其结构是was/were done的形式。主语是复数形式，be动词用were，create"创造"，是动词，过去分词是created。
故答案为：were created。
人们创造了声音效果来给电影增添刺激。
为了给这部电影增添刺激，进行了音效处理。
根据提示，是主动语态变被动语态，注意被动语态的结构和时态，写出答案。
30.【答案】he could
【解析】句意：玛丽问儿子如何更有效地提高记忆力。当把直接引语变成直接引语时，要注意主语和谓语动词时态的变化，此题的主语"you"指的是"her son"应当变成"he"，谓语动词应变为过去时，所以，情态动词"can"应变成"could"。
故填：he could。
玛丽问儿子如何更有效地提高记忆力。
把直接引语变成间接引语是要特别注意句子主语，谓语动词，时间状语和地点状语的转换。
31.【答案】depend on
【解析】is independent of独立于，不依赖，是动词短语。depend on依靠，依赖，是动词短语。两者意思是相同的，在助动词does后面用动词原形。
故答案为：depend on。
这个年轻人现在不依赖于父母了。
这个年轻人不再依赖他的父母了。
句型转换题，要求正确理解句意，分析句子成分。要注意运用正确的时态和语序，有时还要添加助动词。
32.【答案】My mother seems to enjoy watching me playing the violin.
【解析】根据所给的标点，可知本题为陈述句，且为一般现在时态。My mother是主语，seems to do sth.似乎做某事，enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，me做宾语，playing the violin"拉小提琴"做宾语补足语。
故答案为：My mother seems to enjoy watching me playing the violin.
我妈妈似乎喜欢看我拉小提琴。
做连词成句这种类型的题，首先确定句子类型，如：陈述句、疑问句或感叹句等，然后根据所给单词，明确主语、谓语等句子成分，在确定句意的前提下结合语法知识组合句子。
33~34.【答案】C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段Chocolate has a melting point close to our body temperature.（巧克力的熔点接近我们的体温。）可知，我们可以知道巧克力在接近37℃时很容易融化。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段Cambridge University is looking for someone to study the method of preserving （保存）chocolates in hot weather.（剑桥大学正在寻找研究在炎热天气保存巧克力的方法的人。）以及You might think the advertisement from Cambridge University is ridiculous，but if there is really a ' doctor of chocolate' ，he or she will help people a lot.（你可能会认为剑桥大学的广告很荒谬，但如果真的有"巧克力博士"，他或她会帮助人们很多。）可知，"巧克力博士"可能指的是"一个人知道如何使巧克力保持良好的状态，尤其是在炎热的天气"。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段The design company retained （保留）the main body of these logos，but left an empty space inside．The logos look almost the same（设计公司保留了这些标志的主体，但在内部留下了空白。商标看起来几乎一样）可知，A选项的图片经过设计公司的一些小改动，与耐克的商标相匹配。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据第六段But now，a Maryland restaurant has created the 'Kid Friendlies 'menu.（但现在，马里兰州的一家餐厅创造了"儿童友好"菜单。）可知，马里兰州的一家餐馆为那些带着孩子一起外出就餐的父母制作了一份特别的菜单。故选C。
（5）细节理解题。根据方框里'I don't care.' --- Grilled Peanut Butter & Banana Sandwich （"我不在乎。"——烤花生酱和香蕉三明治）可知，如果孩子不介意吃什么，父母可能会点烤花生酱和香蕉三明治。故选B。
（6）标题归纳题。根据第四段One logo（商标）isn't too expensive to print because it doesn't need much ink，but printing a large number of logos could cost a lot．In order to save money and energy，an American design company made small changes to some famous brands，such as Nike，McDonald's and Starbucks，to cut the cost．（打印一个商标并不太贵，因为它不需要太多的墨水，但打印大量的商标可能会花很多钱。为了节省资金和能源，美国一家设计公司对一些著名品牌，如耐克、麦当劳和星巴克进行了小改动，以降低成本。）以及The design company retained （保留）the main body of these logos，but left an empty space inside．The logos look almost the same，but in this way，the famous brands could save 39 percent of the ink during the printing process．（设计公司保留了这些标志的主体，但在内部留下了空白。商标看起来几乎一样，但这样，名牌在印刷过程中可以节省39%的油墨。）可知，第二篇文章最好的标题可能是少油墨，少浪费。故选D。
本文讲述的是在网上搜寻的三个有趣文章，有关剑桥大学研究巧克力研究者的文章，为了节省开支而改造的商标以及为孩子特制的一个菜单。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
35~40.【答案】C、B、D、B、D、A
【解析】（1）形容词词义辨析。句意：它是为了庆祝现代历史上最坏的设计--从以咖啡为灵感的饮料Coca-Cola Blak，到专为女性设计的Bic笔。A.best最好的；B.cheapest最便宜的；C.worst最坏的；D.easiest最容易的。根据Besides showing long﹣forgotten failure（除了展示被遗忘已久的失败）可知，此处指历史上最坏的设计。故选C。
（2）短语词义辨析。句意：塞缪尔在厌倦了成功的故事后建立了这座博物馆。A.satisfied with对……感到满意；B.tired of厌倦的；C.keen on热衷于；D.surprised at对……感到惊讶。根据founder Dr．Samuel West is on a task to help us learn from our mistakes．（创始人塞缪尔•韦斯特博士正在从事可以帮助我们从我们的错误中学习的一项任务。）可知，塞缪尔在厌倦了成功的故事后建立了这座博物馆。故选B。
（3）名词词义辨析。句意：我希望参观者能带回家两个信息：失败与成功有关，他们应该懂得从失败中学习的重要性。A.stories故事；B.bargains廉价品；C.tools工具；D.messages信息。根据that failure is connected with success，and that they should understand the importance of learning from failure（失败与成功有关，他们应该懂得从失败中学习的重要性）可知，这是两个信息。故选D。
（4）副词词义辨析。句意：他创办这家博物馆的目的是鼓励组织更好地从失败中吸取教训，而不是忽视它们，假装它们从未发生过。A.always总是；B.never从不；C.sometimes有时候；D.usually通常。根据If you are afraid of failure，then you can't create.（如果你害怕失败，那么你就无法创造。）可知，此处指鼓励组织更好地从失败中吸取教训，不能忽视它们并假装它们从未发生过。故选B。
（5）动词词义辨析。句意：韦斯特将此描述为"品牌延伸失败"的经典案例。A.denied否认；B.imagined想象；C.invented发明；D.described描述。根据as a classical case of "brand extension failure".（作为"品牌延伸失败"的经典案例。）可知，此处指韦斯特将此描述为"品牌延伸失败"的经典案例。故选D。
（6）介词短语辨析。句意：至少，那就是失败博物馆想让我们相信的。A.At least至少；B.At all根本；C.At most最多；D.At first起先。根据History may be written by the winners，but we should not ignore the losers．（历史可能是由胜利者书写的，但我们不应该忽视失败者。）和选项可知，此处指至少那就是失败博物馆想让我们相信的。故选A。
本文主要介绍了塞缪尔•韦斯特博士正在从事可以帮助我们从我们的错误中学习的一项任务。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
41.【答案】【小题1】ncourage
【小题2】rize
【小题3】tranger
【小题4】hem
【小题5】ut
【小题6】anaged
【小题7】pecial
【解析】（1）考查动词。句意：组织起来鼓励海外学生了解中国文化。根据上一句 took part in a drama performance competition（参加了一个话剧表演比赛。）及首字母提示，可知，外国人参加汉语话剧表演，应该是"鼓励"，不定式to后用动词原形encourage。故填：encourage。
（2）考查名词。句意：幸运的是，该剧在昨天的颁奖典礼上获得了二等奖。及首字母提示，可知，应该是"the second prize"，二等奖，填prize。
（3）考查名词。句意：它描述了一个老人在他年轻的时候离开家乡，但当他几年后回来时，他觉得自己像个陌生人。及首字母提示，可知，应该是"陌生人"，由a一个。可知，用单数stranger，故填：stranger。
（4）考查代词。句意：孩子们对唱诗感兴趣而不是背诵它们。根据首字母提示，可知，应该是"它们"，代替poems诗，且用于动词后用宾格them它们。故填：them。
（5）考查连词。句意：它很难，但我正在努力记住。根据首字母提示，可知，表示转折，用but但是，故填：but。
（6）考查动词。句意：他没有军队来保卫城市，但设法使敌人的领袖司马懿认为，城市是充满陷阱和伏击。根据首字母提示，可知，应该是"设法"manage动词，一般过去时态，并列谓语动词用过去式managed，故填：managed。
（7）考查形容词。句意：它认为他是一个非常特殊和重要的中国文化的一部分。根据首字母提示，可知，应该是"特别的"，修饰名词用形容词special，故填：special。
本文主要介绍美国男孩Augie在中国学习汉语，并参加了汉语话剧表演比赛，他表演的是《回乡偶书》。还介绍了李子豪对四字成语感兴趣，因为它显示了中国人的智慧。
解答此类题型的方法一般就是根据文章前后句子之间意思推断出词义，并结合首字母推断出所缺单词，然后根据该单词在句子中的句子成分，所起作用，确定单词词形，进行适当词形变化。
42.【答案】【小题1】Chinese boys are failing to become man， they are both physically and emotionally weak．
【小题2】Modern culture and educational system．
【小题3】Because most of their teachers are women． And most men role models in pop-culture， the authors say， are effeminate．
【小题4】No，they aren't
【小题5】Their fathers
【小题6】We can hold some special activities and organize some organizations to help boys become mentally brave and physically strong．
【解析】88．Chinese boys are failing to become man， they are both physically and emotionally weak．细节理解题，根据Chinese boys are failing to become men according to a new book CALLED Save the Boys． The book says today's Chinese boys are both physically and emotionally（情感地）weak，可知根据一本叫《拯救男孩》的新书，中国男孩都未能成为男人，书上说今天的中国男生既有身体上的也有情感上的疲软，故答案为Chinese boys are failing to become man， they are both physically and emotionally weak．
89． Modern culture and educational system．细节理解题，根据The writers of the book say modern culture and education system have an effect on this situation，可知现代文化和教育体系对这种情况产生了影响，故答案为Modern culture and educational system．
90． Because most of their teachers are women． And most men role models in pop-culture， the authors say， are effeminate．细节理解题，根据They don't have good role models in school because most of their teachers are women． On top of that， most men role models in pop-culture， the authors say， are effeminate（女子气的）．可知因为学校的老师大多数是女老师，大部分男人的角色比较娘娘腔，故答案为Because most of their teachers are women． And most men role models in pop-culture， the authors say， are effeminate．
91． No， they aren't． 细节理解题，根据 because the book is just talking about social changes that have been happening all over the world， not just in China． 可知这种情况不仅仅在中国，故答案为No， they aren't．
92． Their fathers． 细节理解题，根据Your best role model is probably your father，可知男孩最好的榜样是父亲，故答案为Their fathers．
93． We can hold some special activities and organize some organizations to help boys become mentally brave and physically strong．细节理解题，根据语境，可知我们可以举办一些特殊的活动，组织一些组织来帮助男孩子们在精神上变得勇敢和强壮，故答案为We can hold some special activities and organize some organizations to help boys become mentally brave and physically strong．
文章大意：根据一本叫《拯救男孩》的新书，现在的男孩比较娘娘腔，缺乏男人应有的气质．现代文化和教育体系导致了这样的结果．我们应该举行一些特殊的活动来塑造男孩的男子汉气质．
首先要掌握短文的意思，然后结合具体的题目以及给出的英语提示，就可以确定正确答案
43.【答案】Dear Lily，
I am writing to you to apply for the head of Instrumental Music.（想成为哪一个社团的负责人）
As for me ，I prefer Instrumental Music.You know I have learnt piano for many years.And I want to learn more about music from others. 【高分句型一】What's more ，I can make more friends sharing the same interest with me.Life in senior high school is quite different.We are so busy every day.Therefore ，that will be a good chance for us to relax ourselves. （介绍自己）
I am looking forward to hearing from you. 【高分句型二】（期待）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】【高分句型一】
And I want to learn more about music from others. 我想从别人那里学习更多的音乐。
learn more about 学习更多关于……
【高分句型二】
I am looking forward to hearing from you. 我期待着你的消息。
look forward to doing sth 期待做某事。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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