2021北京昌平高一（下）期末英语（教师版）

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2021北京昌平高一（下）期末英    语2021.7本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节    完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The Drum SetTo Gabe, everything was as a drum. He beat on the sofa. He beat on his school desk. His life was a steady beat of drum sounds.All Gabe wanted was a drum set, but his parents couldn’t __1__ to buy him one. Then, one day at school, the class began studying how to protect the Earth and its resources. Mr. Gomez __2__ three things that everyone could do: recycle, reuse, and reduce.Gabe thought about what he and his family already did. They recycled bottles, cans, and paper. They didn’t waste a lot, either. Gabe’s new jackets were __3__ new. His elder brother had worn those years before. They also reduced. They __4__ lights whenever possible.As Mr. Gomez spoke, a brilliant __5__ hit Gabe. Not only could he help protect the Earth, but he could also do something to make himself very happy! Then Mr. Gomez told the class about a science project. Gabe didn’t need any more __6__. He already knew what he would do.He __7__ big balloons from his birthday party, found old cans of different sizes, and __8__ some tape from his father. Then he cut off the narrow end of each balloon, stretched a balloon over the top of each can and taped it on the side of the can.He tried out his drum set by beating on them one by one with chopsticks. Each drum made a __9__ sound. It sounded pretty good!The science presentations were held on Monday. When he finished his __10__ with his drum set, his classmates clapped and cheered!Finally, Gabe was chosen to be a member of the school band.1. A. afford B. refuse C. apply D. remember2. A. ignored B. explained C. admitted D. guessed3. A. already  B. almost C. never D. just4. A. turned to B. turned over C. turned on D. turned off5. A. image B. idea C. suggestion D. success6. A. encouragement B. surprise C. comfort D. energy7. A. blew  B. changed C. gathered D. bought8. A. saved B. sorted C. created D. borrowed9. A. familiar B. different C. distant D. strange10. A. performance B. test C. experiment D. exploration 第二节    语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ATu Youyou, 84, was the first Chinese female scientist to win a Nobel Prize in science. She _____ (honor) for developing artemisinin（青蒿素） that has saved millions of lives worldwide. Tu and her colleagues joined a government project _____ (find) a new malaria drug in the late 1960s. In 1971, after more than 190 failures, Tu’s team _____ (final) found a chemical that was 100 percent effective against malaria — artemisinin. In 2001, the World Health Organization made artemisinin its first choice in the treatment of malaria.BBeethoven wrote Symphony No. 9 in the early 1820s. It _____ (stand) for Beethoven’s belief that all people should be brothers. But this is just one of his many inspiring works. In his Symphony No.5, also known as Fate, he shows how he struggled with a hard life, but eventually moved _____ darkness to light. Despite his painful experience of becoming deaf and losing his lovers. Beethoven always put joy and happiness at the center of his music. Beethoven reminds us that joy is not a luxury（奢侈品）. It’s a courageous act in a world of pain and suffering. The spirit which is present in Beethoven’s music might be the _____ (good) gift he could have given us.CAs you can see, the reason _____ I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision. Some time _____ I left the boat, with my brother in it, it was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool. Soon, after that, the whirlpool _____ (become) less wild. Then the sky was clear, the wind calmer, and the moon was shining. I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area _____ the other fishermen were. In the end, a boat picked me up. I was very tired. The fishermen were my old friends, but they were unable to recognise me. When I told them my story, they did not believe it. Now I have told you, and I cannot expect you to believe me any more than the fishermen did. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADear Aunt Val,I am writing for advice.I am in my second year at college now, studying English Literature. Things are going well. Although I have a heavy workload, my love of books means that is not hard for me.Anyway, I have decided to run for office. I hope to become the student president in my college. As you’ve been running your company for three years, I was hoping you could advise me on how to be a good leader.I consider it most important to have principles and confidence. In the first place, leaders have to stick to their beliefs. If you don’t do that, people won’t understand what you are offering them. Secondly, if you can’t present your ideas with confidence, nobody will have faith that you can achieve anything.Aunt Val, if you have any more to say on these matters, I’d really appreciate it. Thank you.Eddie Roth Dear Eddie,It’s great to hear from you. You’re taking a big step! I’ll have to watch out for my job. You may try to take it soon!Seriously, though, I agree with your two points. They are both important characteristics of an elected leader. But what is absolutely necessary, in my opinion, is honesty.It’s not easy for someone to remain honest. There is a feeling that if you are too open about everything, your competitors can use the information to harm you. However, honesty is the basis of the two points you mentioned. Voters will trust and respect honest leaders. As a result, when an unavoidable mistake occurs, you will get the benefit of the trust from the public, who understand your motivation（动机）.Let me know your thoughts about this, and we can continue this email discussion.Best wishes,Val McDermott 21. What can we learn about Eddie Roth from the e-mails?A. He made some unavoidable mistakes.B. He has trouble studying English literature.C. He will take his aunt’s job after graduation.D. He shows strong interest in Student Union.22. Which of the following does Aunt Val value most?A. Honesty. B. Principles. C. Motivation. D. Confidence.23. What is the purpose of Aunt Val’s e-mail?A. To suggest a simple way of winning the position.B. To share the basic quality of being a good leader.C. To stress the reason why it’s hard to be a good leader.D. To tell the importance of attending the college activities. BBetter to Be DifferentHeroic deeds come in all shapes and sizes. Some of them require bravery in the face of danger, others result from a simple act of kindness.Natalie Fernando was taking her 5-year-old autistic（患孤独症的） son Rudy for a seaside walk when the little boy suddenly broke down.“My son loves to walk, but he hates to turn around and walk back. We usually try to walk in a circle to avoid this, but on his favourite walk with the boats we have no choice but to turn back. This will often lead to a breakdown, which I can normally handle, but today was too much for him and me,” Fernando explained on her blog.The walking area at Southend-on-Sea is a very popular walking place in Essex, England. Knowing she and Rudy were drawing attention and that her son’s breakdown might go on for an hour, Fernando was apologetic, but she soon found herself exposed to unfavorable looks and comments of passersby.That’s when a total stranger named Ian stopped to ask if she was okay. When Fernando explained what was going on, as if it was the most natural thing in the world to do, Ian lay down on the ground close to Rudy and engaged him in conversation.The calming action quickly turned the situation around. After Rudy recovered, Ian walked Rudy and his mom back to their car.“I wish there were more of this man around and I am beyond thankful,” Fernando said. “I will not forget his kindness.”In addition to her gratitude, Fernando hopes Ian’s unselfish behavior might inspire others to look deeper before making social judgments themselves.“It’s said a lot at the moment, ‘In a world where you can be anything, be kind.’” she wrote. “Words are easy, but these actions are not always so easy. This man is living the words and I couldn’t be more grateful.”“We’re all walking our own path and directing the journey the best we can. Sometimes it takes a moment of kindness from a complete stranger to completely change your day.”24. What was Fernando’s reaction when Rudy broke down?A. She turned back.  B. She felt very sorry.C. She gave him a hug. D. She explained to passersby.25. What can we learn from the passage?A. A stranger helped Rudy calm down.B. A passerby sat down to talk with Rudy.C. Ian drove Rudy and mom home safely.D. Rudy’s sudden behavior lasted for one hour.26. Which of the following words can best describe Ian?A. Brave B. Generous C. Humorous D. Caring 
CDo Trees Talk to Each Other?Did you know that trees can communicate with each other? Suramme Simard, a professor of forest ecology at the University of British Columbia, has conducted research into the cooperative and social behavior of trees.Growing up in the forests of Canada, Simard observed how logging（伐木） companies would cut down diverse forests and replace them with a single tree species. Loggers believed that by removing competition, the newly planted trees would thrive, as they would receive more space, water, and sunlight. However, Simard noticed these trees were actually more likely to suffer disease and environmental stress. As she investigated this question, Simard realized that tree communication was the answer to this.Trees communicate through underground networks of helper fungi（真菌）. The fungi connect with tree roots, forming links, which can connect trees of different kinds across a forest. The fungi transport water and nutrients to the trees. In return, trees provide fungi carbon-based sugars. The fungi not only allow for tree-fungi cooperation but also for communication. Trees can transport carbon, water, nutrients（营养）, chemical warning signs, and hormones. This system allows them to balance resources and warn neighboring trees of danger. Trees are also connected through the “mother” trees, which are the oldest and largest trees. Through this connection, young trees can get the resource and information network.These findings have many effects, including the way we structure our own societies and ecological practices. Mother trees are key for providing the information, medicinal, and resource capacity to future generations of trees. Also Simard believes that with climate change stressing out plants and threatening the survival of species, humans may need to step in to help—perhaps even by moving some species to cooler climates as the world warms.While Simard wholeheartedly believes in the cooperative nature of trees, other scientists argue that competition is still the main reason why these trees end up sharing resources. The fungi that transport resources might actually be sending nutrients to resource-poor trees because they can demand more carbon-based sugars in return from plants on the edge of survival.Regardless of whether cooperation or competition drives tree behavior, stronger evidence of forest communication and networks is an exciting discovery with much to learn!27. What does the underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Become removable. B. Communicate freely.C. Grow stronger D. Share more resources.28. What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 3?A. The function of fungi. B. The wide network of wood.C. The transportation of nutrients.  D. The strong effect of “mother” trees.29. What can we infer from the passage?A. Efforts should be made to protect mother trees.B. The fungi stop mother trees from sharing resources.C. Simard proves competition and cooperation work together.D. Some endangered plants have been moved to cooler places.30. How does the author feel about the finding?A. Surprised B. Confused C. Inspired D. Uninterested D A Mission to Remove Space JunkIn video games and movies, we often imagine spaceships avoiding giant asteroids（小行星） in the solar system. However, a greater concern for our world is space debris. Space debris refers to the 8,000 metric tons of junk that orbits around the Earth. These millions of pieces floating in space threaten to destroy satellites and machinery that are necessary for weather forecasting, GPS, and telecommunication.Along with other efforts to minimize space debris, the company Astroscale has launched End-of-Life Service by Astroscale, or Elsa-D. It aims to model a space debris removal system and includes two spacecraft: a servicer and a client. Let’s look at the danger of space debris and how Astroscale’s technology would work.What Really Is Space Debris?Space debris forms when old satellite and spaceship parts gather in the low Earth orbit. This build-up of waste can range from large rocket parts all the way to small pieces of metal that form when the parts explode or hit. Because all the pieces travel at high speeds of 28,000 km/h in orbit, they pose a threat to active satellites. It is reported that at least 26,000 pieces of space junk are as small as a softball, yet they could “destroy a satellite on impact.”Over 500,000 pieces of debris could damage protective systems, fuel tanks, and spacecraft cabins. More commonly, over 100 million pieces of space debris are as small as a grain of salt. These pieces are dangerous as they could break spacesuits and threaten the safety of the crew.Scientists are able to track debris particles（微粒） larger than 10cm, but pieces near 1cm in size are vey difficult to monitor. As a result, the removal of space debris is essential to ensure that new satellites will not hit old ones. The European Space Agency reports that 3,600 satellites are currently operating with 28,000 pieces of debris being tracked. In the next decade, 10,000 new satellites will orbit Earth. The need for an effective space debris removal system is growing._________33________Astroscale hopes to develop a system where the spacecraft attaches to dead satellites and direct them towards Earth to burn up in the atmosphere. The technology would be used on future satellites, not dead satellites that are already in orbit. The purpose of this specific mission is to show how the capture system will work. The client spacecraft will play a piece of space debris.The servicer spacecraft will use GPS sensors and magnetic（磁对接） docking technology to capture the client spacecraft. Like a cat and mouse, the servicer will capture and release the client several times over 6 months and the tasks will become more difficult.Astroscale hopes that all satellites being developed in the future will include the magnetic docking plate which allows the servicer to capture the debris. As companies and governments take on more space projects, a system to remove waste in space is going to be increasingly important.31. What do we know about space waste?A. Rocket bodies are the main source of space debris.B. Space waste removal was fruitful in the past decades.C. The pieces near 1cm in size can be watched and checked.D. A piece of softball-sized space debris can destroy a satellite.32. What do we know about the Astroscale?A. It aims to recycle the dead satellites.B. It launched a spaceship carrying cats and mice.C. It hopes to reduce the space projects.D. It tries to get rid of the future dead satellites.33. Which of the following can be the best title for the last three paragraphs?A. The New Technology B. The Future Space SatellitesC. Where Does Space Junk Come? D. Why Do We Remove Waste in Space?34. What does the author think of the project of Astroscale?A. It may cause troubles in space. B. It has cleared some space waste.C. It is challenging but worthwhile. D. It will be put into use soon.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Putting Pen to Paper: The History of Ballpoint PensBallpoint pens may not seem like anything special, but they’ve made our lives more convenient than you might realize. The story behind their invention may also surprise you.László Bíró, a Hungarian journalist, is said to have invented the ballpoint pen in 1938. Before the ballpoint pen, people used fountain pens. These old-fashioned pens had to be refilled often, and they leaked and easily made paper dirty. __35__Many inventors had tried to design similar types of pens before Bíró, but none had succeeded. Bíró’s ballpoint pen design used a small ball instead of a nib（钢笔尖）. When the ball is pressed onto paper, it rolls to pick up ink inside the pen and transfer it onto paper. The inspiration for this design came from an unexpected source. One day, Bíró happened to see children playing with marbles（弹珠游戏）. A boy rolled a marble through a puddle, creating a line of water on the street and giving Bíró the idea for the ballpoint design. __36__. He developed a thick, fast-drying ink for Bíró’s pen.Bíró began selling his pen in Argentina, where he and his brother had fled to during World War Ⅱ. His biggest customer was UK’s Royal Air Force, which ordered 30,000 pens to allow its crews to write more easily while in the air. __37__ Instead, American businessman Milton Reynolds was the man responsible for that. After seeing the pens in Argentina, he changed the design just enough to sell them as his own. Though expensive, the pens were a big hit with American customers in the 1940s.Eventually, mass production made plastic ballpoint pens more affordable, and soon they were a household necessity. __38__ Ballpoint pens can be less comfortable to write with because more pressure must be applied when writing with them. In addition, it doesn’t feel natural to join letters together because of the way the ink flows. Some say these factors contributed to the decline of cursive writing（草书）.__39__ Who would have thought that this amazing invention was inspired by something as simple as children playing with marbles?A.  For this reason, ballpoint pens last for ages.B. Ballpoint pens have become an essential tool in our everyday lives.C. These pens are particularly popular because they are easy to write with.D. Unfortunately, Bíró wasn’t able to spread his invention around the world.E. Although ballpoint pens were convenient, they changed the way that people write.F. However, the real breakthrough came when Bíró got help from his brother, who was a scientist.G. Since Bíró spent much of his day writing, he was all too familiar with these inconveniences. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Once upon a time, there was a tiger. His name was Kamau which means the quiet soldier. Kamau wondered, “Will I ever live up to my name?” Kamau is young and makes friends with everyone, but thinks low of himself. His leg disability makes it hard to walk. It makes him feel useless. But what he doesn’t know is that today will change it all.One bright morning, Kamau spotted a bird in a tree, whose bright colors are so cheerful. She looked old. And he noticed one of her wings was cut. Kamau kept on walking towards the bird. “My name is Jelani,” she squawked as if she could read his mind. “I am Kamau,” he roared. “I know,” she said as if she had been watching over him his whole life. They spent a moment studying each other. At last, Kamau continued going past the tree.“Do you know the meaning of your name?” she asked. Kamau stopped. The pain showed in his eyes. This is a question he has asked himself every day.“My name means quiet soldier,” he said. Then he paused. “But I have been given the wrong name, for I am no warrior.”“Do you know what my name means?” she asked. There was silence. “It means mighty. But as you can see, my body is not fit for it.” Then she looked up.Kamau asked, “What are you looking at?”“I am dreaming of flying free. Have you ever thought of running through the jungle, pride in your face?”“We will never get that kind of life.” Kamau said angrily.Jelani expected this. So, she explained why she didn’t care about it. “Sometimes, you have to let go of the things you don’t have and make do with what you have.”“But even if I know this, I can’t be happy because I can’t do anything about my body. My mind knows it,” he said.“I don’t know what you’ll be, but your mind tells you. It’s telling you that you’re useless, but if you ask your mind to stop, you will find your true self!” Jelani tells him.Kamau realizes how lucky he was to have met Jelani. How fortunate he was to be able to change his mind.Kamau finishes the story, making his sons think. It’s a year later and Kamau is a father. He hopes to teach his sons the same lesson that Jelani taught him. “Sons, we can’t always depend on physical abilities to show us who we are. First, think about what your mind can do to change your bad feelings into good ones.”40. Why does Kamau think low of himself? 41. Paraphrase the underlined sentence in paragraph 2.Kamau spotted a bird in a tree, whose bright colors are so cheerful 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Kamau finally realized that it is important to move on toward the things you desire and forget what you already have. 43. What ways do you have to change your bad feelings into good ones?（50词左右）第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学的学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在来信中表示他在学习过程中遇到了困难：努力学习，但是效果不明显。他向你咨询如何提高学习效率。请你给他回信，内容包括：1．表示理解；2．提出建议并说明理由。注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua
2021北京昌平高一（下）期末英语参考答案第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1．A   2．B   3．C   4．D   5．B6．A   7．C   8．D   9．B   10. A第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）11. was/is honored  12. to find   13. finally14. stands   15. from   16. best17. why           18. after    19. became  20. where第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）21．D   22．A   23．B   24．B   25．A26．D   27．C   28．B   29．A   30．C31．D   32．D   33．A   34．C    第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）35．G   36．F   37．D   38．E   39．B第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分,共12分）40. His leg disability makes it hard to walk, which makes him feel useless.41. Kamau discovered/saw/found a bird in a tree. Its bright feathers made Kamau feel very happy.42. Kamau finally realized that it is important to move on toward the things you desire and forget what you already have.原因略。43. 略。（请根据学生答题情况酌情给分）第二节（20分）一、评分原则：1．本题总分为20分，按4个档次给分。2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3．评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。 4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。5．词数少于80，从总分中减去1分。二、各档次的给分范围和要求：评分标准分档维度内容（8分）语言（8分）结构（8分）一档（6-8）    内容完整，详略得当。    表述与主题相关。    语言准确，基本无语言错误；句式多样。    语言表达基本得体。    条理清晰，结构合理。    衔接自然，行文连贯。二档（3-5）    内容基本完整。    表述与主题基本相关。    语言有一些错误，但不影响理解；句式有一定变化。    语言表达不太得体。    条理基本清晰，结构基本合理。    有一定衔接手段，行文基本连贯。三档（0-2）    内容不完整。    表述与主题不太相关或完全无关。    语言有大量错误，影响理解。    语言表达不得体。    条理不清晰。    支离破碎。 【注释】分数计算：本题总分20分，采用分项评分方式，其中内容8分，语言8分，结构4分。具体计算方法：总分(20分) ＝内容(8分)×1＋语言(8分)×1＋结构(8分) ×0.5。评分时先判断作答内容与题目是否有关，若内容判为零分，语言与结构均为零分。英式、美式拼写均可接受。Possible versionDear Jim,In your last letter, you mentioned you have difficulties in learning. I totally understand you. I’m willing to give you some advice on how to learn effectively. For one thing, when acquiring new knowledge, you should try to make connections with what you have already learned. For another, you should learn to do “spaced review”, especially during the first day after learning. In addition, there are some common practices you should know, such as sleeping well and doing physical exercise. All these can help improve your memory and learn effectively.I hope my advice will be useful. If you need more help, please let me know.Yours, Li Hua (106words)