2020北京八一学校高一（下）期末英语

这是一份2020北京八一学校高一（下）期末英语，共7页。
2020北京八一学校高一（下）期末英    语制卷人 马青 审卷人 王永峥第一部分：阅读理解（共两节）第一节 （共 8 小题；每小题 2 分，共 16 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，(A)Did you know that most humans are able to recognize about 1 million different colors? Well, some people can’t recognize this many because of something called colorblindness. If someone is colorblind, that means they can’t see as many colors as others – or, in rare cases, can’t see any colors at all.Thankfully, special glasses have already been made to help fix some types of colorblindness. Now, according to new research published in Optics Letters, scientists have brought this solution one step further.Sharon Karepov and Tal Ellenbogen, engineers from Tel Aviv University in Israel, have found a way to apply this technology to contact lenses (隐形眼镜). This new method is so groundbreaking because it can be customized to fix many different kinds of visual impairments (缺陷).People are able to see color because of how the eye is structured. At the back of our eyes, there are three different kinds of cone-shaped (圆锥形的) cells that absorb light waves. When light waves are absorbed, the cells send a message to the brain for the image to be processed.If something is wrong with these cone-shaped cells, this can cause problems when the brain processes the image. One of the most common types of colorblindness is red-green colorblindness.People who have this specific type of visual impairment have difficulty telling apart the colors red and green.“Problems with distinguishing red from green interrupt simple daily routines such as deciding whether a banana is ripe,” Karepov explained.Karepov also stressed the importance of applying this finding to create special contact lenses instead of relying on color-correcting glasses.“Glasses based on this correction concept are commercially (商业地) available, however, they are significantly bulkier than contact lenses.” Karepov continued. “Our contact lenses … create a customized, compact (简便的) and durable way to address these deficiencies (缺陷).”Whether you prefer to wear glasses or contacts, it’s nice to know that people who are colorblind will soon be able to choose between the two, as well.1. What problem does colorblindness usually lead to? A. An inability to distinguish between colors.B. A lack of interest in colorful stuff.C. Difficulties in leading an independent life.D. Problems with seeing colorful things in the dark.2. Why is Sharon Karepov and Tal Ellenbogen’s finding groundbreaking? A. They found an effective method to cure colorblindness.B. They found what causes different kinds of visual impairments.C. They developed special contact lenses to treat many visual impairments. D. They developed special glasses to fix various visual impairments.3. What is the cause of colorblindness, according to the text? A. Only one type of cone-shaped cell exists in the eyes.B. Cone-shaped cells cannot process images received.C. The brain fails to absorb and process light waves.D. Cone-shaped cells in the eyes don’t work properly.4. Why are the customized contact lenses better than special glasses, according to Karepov? A. They are easier to make.B. They are cheaper.C. They are smaller and more durable.D. They can help correct colorblindness.(B)Mr. Gong was shocked when he found out that his 12-year-old child had spent 13,272 yuan from March 17 to 21 when playing video games on his mobile phone. Gong filed ( 提交) a complaint and demanded a full refund (退款). But “it’s up in the air so far,” Gong told Workers’ Daily.This is not an isolated case in which minors ( 未成年人) have been charged a large sum of money to play online games. The Guangdong Consumer Council has received more than 10,000 complaints involving consumption of children’s online games from local parents in the first three months of this year.Due to the increasing number of similar cases, on April 26, the council arranged talks with many online game companies in the province, urging them to introduce effective measures to protect the consumer rights and interests of minors.In fact, many online platforms and mobile apps have developed anti-addiction systems and provided a “youth mode ” feature, claiming that parents can control the content and limit the amount of time their children spend using the apps.However, according to a consumer survey report released by the Jiangsu Consumer Council on April 13, some of the protection modes of platforms such as Huya, Douyu, Bilibili and Team Talk are far from effective.For instance, users of all of the above platforms can extend watching time by entering a password. Team Talk’s youth mode is no different from the normal mode, which means that minors can watch all content without selection. Wang Yihan, 16, from Fuzhou No 1 High School, shared her experience. She said that “some apps would only send a notice to verify (确认) whether the user is 18 years old. The user can simply choose Yes and log in. It’s no good.”According to a statement released by the Guangdong Consumer Council on April 26, game companies are being urged to introduce multiple verification mechanisms ( 机制 ), including fingerprint, password or facial recognition when minors pay to play online games.The council also suggests that after topping up (充值), text message notifications should be sent to registered mobile phone numbers to prevent minors from using the adult account to top up. “Game companies should fully and effectively implement real name registration of online game user accounts, and improve the real name authentication (验证) mode, and especially improve the accuracy and effectiveness of identifying minors,” said a statement that was released by the council.Germany introduced a regulation in 2002 in an attempt to stop minors from playing online games from 10 pm to 6 am. The UK, the US and Australia have imposed a rating system on computer games to make sure that teenagers cannot access “adult” content with violence, sex or bad language.5. What does the underlined phrase “up in the air” in the first paragraph probably mean? A. solved    B. undecidedC. predictable   D. hopeful6. What were the thousands of complaints received by Guangdong Consumer Council about? A. Online games charging minors lots of money.B. Minors spending too much time on mobile phones.C. Free online games that minors play.D. Parent-child relationships getting worse in isolation.7. What did Wang Yihang think of the “youth mode” feature of some apps? A. It can tell whether the user is a minor or not.B. It doesn’t work as effectively as it claims.C. It should include anti-addiction systems.D. It should inform parents of any account activity.8. What do the last three paragraphs mainly talk about?A. The importance of multiple verification mechanisms.B. The development plans of game companies.C. Tips on how to keep minors safe online.D. Suggestions on how to prevent minors spending money on online games.第二节: Read the following passage and then answer the questions. (共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分, 共 15 分）I used to watch her from my kitchen window and laugh. She seemed so small as she muscled her way through the crowd of boys on the playground. The school was across the street from our home and I often stood at my window, hands buried in dish water or cooking dough., watching the kids as they played during recess. A sea of children, and yet to me, she stood out from them all.I remember the first day I saw her playing basketball. I watched in wonder as she run circles around the other kids, she managed to shoot jump-shots just over their heads and into the net. The boys always tried to stop her, but no one could.I began to notice her at other times, on the same black-top, basketball in hand, playing alone she practiced dribbling and shooting over and over again, sometimes until dark. One day I asked her why she practiced so much and she looked directly into my eyes without hesitating. She said, “ I want to go to college. My dad wasn't able to go to college and he has talked to me about going for as long as I can remember. The only way I can go is if I get a scholarship. I like basketball. I decided that if I were good enough, I would get a scholarship. I'm going to play college basketball. My daddy told me if the dream is big enough, the facts don't count.” Then she smiled and ran towards the court to recap the routine I had seen over and over again.Well I had to give it to her--- she was determined. I watched her through those junior high years and into high school. Every week, she led her varsity team to victory. It was always a thrill to watch her play.One day in her senior year, I saw her sitting in the grass, head cradled in her arms. I walked across the street and sat down beside her. Quietly I asked what was wrong.“Oh nothing,” came a soft reply. “I'm just too short.” The coach had told her that at five- feet, five-inches talll, she would probably never get to play for a top-ranked team--- much less be offered a scholarship---so she should stop dreaming about college.she was heartbroken and I felt my own throat tighten as I sensed her disappointment. I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet.She lifted her head from her hands and told me that her father said those coaches were wrong. They just did not understand the power of a dream. He told her that if she really wanted to play for a good college, if she truly wanted a scholarship, that nothing could stop her except one thing---her own attitude. He told her again, if the dream is big enough, the facts don't count.”The next year as she and her team went to California championship game, she was seen by a college recruiter who was there to watch the opposing team. She was indeed offered a scholarship, a full ride to a women's basketball team. She accepted she was going to get the college education that she had dreamed of and worked towards for all those years. And that little girl had a more playing time as a freshman and sophomore than any other world woman in the history of that university.Late one night during her junior year of college, her father called her,” I'm sick, honey I have cancer. No, don't quit school and come home. Everything will be OK.”He died six weeks later--her hero, her dad. She did leave school those last few days to support her mother and care for her father.Those years to follow were hard on her she was torn between school and her family, knowing her mother was left alone with a new baby and three other children to raise. The grief she felt over the loss of her father was always there hidden in that place she kept inside, waiting to raise its head at some unsuspecting moment and drop her again to her knees.Everything seemed harder. She struggled daily with fear, doubt in the frustration. A severe learning disability had forced her to go to school year- round for three years just to keep up with requirements. The testing faculty on campus couldn't believe she had made it through with straight As. Every time she wanted to quit, she remembered her father's words: Rachel, keep dreaming. Don't let your dream die. If the dream is big enough you can do anything! I believe in you.”She kept her promise and completed her degree. It took her six years but she did not give up. She can still be found sometimes as the sun sets, bouncing of basketball. And often I hear her tell others, if the dream is big enough the facts don't count.Questions 9 to 13. Judge if the following statements agree with the information given in the passage. Choose A for TRUE if the statements agree with it; choose B for FALSE if the statements don’t agree with it; choose C for NOT GIVEN if the information the statements carry is not mentioned anywhere in the passage.9. The writer was the neighbour of the little girl and offered her help when she applied for college.10. The girl practised hard because she needed to earn scholarship to go to college.11. The girl was told that it is hard for her to get scholarship to college for her height.12. The girl had to quit her study after the death of her father to support her family and take care of her brothers and sisters.13. The girl failed most of her tests because her learning disability, which astonished her teachers. A. hesitate B. unaware C. breakD. trusting E. include F. matter G. splitQuestions 14 to 17. Match the following words with their meanings in the passage. Note that there are four choices more than you need.14. recess 15. count 16. torn17. unsuspecting Question 18. Choose the best answer from A, B, C or D. 18. What is the best title for the passage?A. Practice makes perfect   B. Take the responsibility of a family C. Follow your father’s dream  D. With big dream, the facts don’t count第二部分：完形填空（共 20小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30分）One early morning, in June, last year, it was sunny. I was___19__ my son at school when I saw a little girl wearing a T-shirt with the word “Titanic” written on the front. ____20___ the school uniform policy, I believed this meant that the girl belonged to a class team called “Titanic”. As I pulled out of the school, I couldn’t ___21___ but ask myself why the students would ___22____ their team “Titanic” and __23___ it to be successful.I watched the movie, thanks to my kids who forced me to watch it with them. Looking at the screen, the ____24___ came to me: What sunk the Titanic? Was it because the ship was not well __25____? Or was it because the owner was ___26__?In my view, the ship sunk due to a___27___ of many reasons. To start with, the owner of the ship __28__ his ship was too modern and too solid to sink. That was his first mistake. In life, nothing is guaranteed. Life can change in the __29__ of an eye and ___30___ prepared you are, you might need to cope with the possibility of a sinking ship.Mistake number two was that the ship had more people on board than the lifeboats on the ship could ____31__. ___32____, this was because the owner was overconfident about his vessel. Or he was just careless and ignorant of the danger of not having enough rescue tools. The biggest __33___ we learn from this mistake is this: never bite ___34__ more than you can chew----like somebody said, “Nobody looks___35___ when spitting it back out.”This goes for __36____ too. Those overconfident attitudes and lazy tendencies are icebergs ___37____ to sink your ship. Keep in mind that confidence is good but overconfidence always __38____ the ship down in the end.19. A. picking   B. taking   C. leaving   D. dropping 20. A. Neglecting  B. Knowing   C. Following   D. Hearing 21. A. think   B. imagine   C. help    D. wonder 22. A. set   B. award   C. fix    D.name23. A. hope   B. wish    C. expect   D. predict24. A. doubt   B. curiosity   C. suggestion   D. demand25. A. good   B. lucky   C. prepared   D. advanced 26. A. serious   B. proud   C. overconfident  D. impatient 27. A. result   B. combination   C. reason   D. cause28. A.assumed   B. supposed   C. imagined   D. guessed29. A. staring   B. opening   C. glancing   D. twinkling 30. A. whether   B. however   C. whenever   D. whatever 31. A. take   B. pick    C. carry   D. cover32. A. Again   B. Meanwhile   C. Instead   D. Besides33. A. class   B. lesson   C. experience   D. knowledge 34. A. off   B. out    C. away   D. in35. A. small   B. generous   C. attractive   D. humorous 36. A. contests   B.relationships   C. contributions   D. celebrations 37. A. expecting  B. wanting   C. beginning   D. waiting38. A. drops   B. destroys   C. overturns   D. disappears第三部分：知识运用第一节：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）Walking on campus, you may see crowds of people ___39_____(wear) face masks, __40______ only their eyes visible. At that time, you may rack your brain ___41_____( identify) who they are but _____42___(unlucky) it always ends in vain. But now Binesh G Paul, 38, an Indian digital photographer, can help us overcome this “identity crisis”. He has developed a unique mask ____43___people can display photos of their faces.People will first need to take a photo ___44___(use) a camera. Then, Paul and his staff will carry out sublimation printing ( 热转移印花), transfer the image to a particular paper, cut the portion (一部分) and superimpose (使叠加) it on the cloth mask.According to the Hindustan Times, the photo-imposed mask can __45___(make) in 20 minutes and it will cost Rs 60 (5.66 yuan) a piece.However, these masks are all dual-layered ( 双 层 的 ) cloth masks. So Paul is planning __46______(introduce) triple-layered (三层的) and N95 masks with ___47_____(print) faces.Do you want to show ___48___(you) face while staying safe? 39.__________ 40. _________ 41._________ 42._________ 43. _________44.__________45.__________46.___________47._________48.___________第二节：根据提示，按照要求翻译句子。（14 分）49. 如果你有任何问题，请随时联系我， （hesitate)50. 看到孩子们自己完成的充满创意的画作，他决定自己也要开一个个人画展。 （非谓语 动词）51. 在暴风雨中被吹倒的那棵大树，已经被工人们移走了。（非谓语动词）52. 如果你要成为一名积极的学习着，你应该认真参与到学习过程中来，并且及时反思自己 学过的知识。（reflect on)53. 上周我们采访了 50 个居民， 想知道人们对于垃圾分类态度以及采取了什么样的措施。 （waste sorting)第三节：写作（字数不少于 60 字） （15 分）假设你是八一学校的李华，你是学校有着 6 年历史的优质社团“根与芽”的成员，你曾参 与过社团组织的植树，帮助流浪猫，制作垃圾分类宣传海报的制作等活动。你的英国朋友 Jim 给你写了一封信，请根据信的内容写一封回信。Dear Li Hua,Learning you are a member of the club of “roots and shoots” in your school, I am really eager to know more information about it.Would you please tell me when the club of “Roots and shoots” was set up in your school? I also would like to know the aim of setting up this club. As a member of this club, I am sure you have taken part in various activities. Would it be possible that you name some and explain them to me. Also you must have much to say about what you have benefitted from them. Would you like to share something with me?I am looking forward to hearing from you.Yours Jim