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2022-2023学年江西省九校高二（下）开学英语试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年江西省九校高二（下）开学英语试卷（含解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了5分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年江西省九校高二（下）开学英语试卷
题号
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总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Whether you plan to travel to España sometime soon，or just want to take a virtual vacation，here are some of Barcelona and Madrid's most intriguing spiritual spots.
La Sagrada Familia
No trip to Barcelona is complete without gazing at Antoni Gaudi's crowning achievement：La Sagrada Familia.The church is expected to be completed in 2026，exactly 100 years after the architect's death.
Once finished，it will be the tallest church in Europe at 566 feet，slightly shorter than the nearby mountain of Montjuïc，as Gaudi believed no man-made structure should be greater than God's creation.
Clergy-baked Treats
At Monasterio Del Corpus Christi in Madrid，ring a bell labeled "monjas" and you can place your order for cookies baked by cloistered nuns （隐居的修女）.Leave payment on a turntable and a box of sweets will appear as if by magic.
Holy Toledo!
About half an hour outside of Madrid is the ancient city of Toledo，known as the "City of Three Cultures，" because of its historical significance to the Christian，Jewish，and Muslim faiths.
Toledo's old town is set on a hill.The winding，uphill，cobblestone streets-lined with shops selling swords and knives-will transport you to medieval times.
Barri Gòtic
Perhaps Barcelona's most mysterious section is its Gothic Quarter，Barri Gòtic.Simply getting lost in its winding streets is worth exploring，with hidden shops，artwork of saints，and lovely lampposts at every turn.On Carrer del Bisbe，you'll find one of Barri Gòtic's most photographed sites-Bishop's Bridge.Under the passageway is a skull and dagger design that has many legends attached to it.
1. What do we know about La Sagrada Familia？
A. It is the tallest church in Europe.
B. It is a still-in-progress wonder.
C. It is a church in memory of God.
D. It is located in mountain of Montjuïc.
2. What is special about Monasterio Del Corpus Christi in Madrid？
A. Baking cookies with cloistered nuns.
B. Tasting sweets created by special members.
C. Being famous for its unique religious beliefs
D. Experiencing the atmosphere of medieval times.
3. Where should visitors go if they are keen on adventure？
A. Mountain of Montjuïc.
B. Monasterio Del Corpus Christi in Madrid.
C. The ancient city of Toledo.
D. Gothic Quarter，Barri Gòtic.
B
As a child growing up in a suburban town in the Northeast of the United States，the arrival of spring had little meaning for me.Sure，we had a weeklong spring vocation from school，but the key word there was vacation，not spring.
For the kids in my neighborhood，the arrival of spring was a non-event.There were two important seasons：winter，when we could go skating and sledding or build snow forts，and summer，when we could finally make proper use of the beach about 100 meter east of my family home.Spring and autumn were just technical details，weeks and weeks of waiting for the good times' return.
Admittedly，spring later developed its own attractions for me- "In the spring a young man's fancy turns to thoughts of love"，as the poet Alfred Lord Tennyson noted-however，it was not spring itself，but the other stuff bat got my attention.
In short，I never thought much at all about spring....and then I arrived in China.I had been in Beijing for about three months when my first Spring Festival rolled around，and it could hardly be ignored.Aside from the random bursts of fireworks at any time day or night，what stood out most for me was that the capital seemed to be empty.
It was as though the crowds and streams of cars and trucks commonly seen in the capital had all gone into hiding.My puzzlement cleared up when I returned to work.My colleagues explained that Chinese traditionally travel，if necessary，to visit their families during Spring Festival，and that many Beijingers were not natives of the capital.
I also got my first knowledge of something about Spring Festival that never ceases to amaze me.Regardless of when the holiday is set to begin，there is an almost immediate and sudden change for the better in the weather.Spring really does arrive.
I can't begin to figure out how the ancient Chinese could create a system that would almost always accurately predict when the season would shift year after year after year.But they did.
4. What did the author think of spring as a child？
A. It was a season full of promise.
B. It was always beyond his imagination.
C. It was a tiring and long holiday.
D. It hardly left a good impression on him.
5. What impressed the author most about Beijing during the Spring Festival？
A. The busy traffic. B. The unexpected quietness.
C. Beijingers' love for travel. D. Occasional bursts of fireworks.
6. How does the author feel about the system created by ancient Chinese？
A. Adorable. B. Confused. C. Wonderful. D. Convenient.
7. What can be inferred from the text？
A. Spring Festival in Beijing will make one feel quite lonely.
B. The author spent his first Spring Festival at a colleague's home.
C. In China Spring Festival always indicates the coming of Spring.
D. The author still worked during the Spring Festival while in Beijing.
C
And you're smiling，because you feel totally at peace with the world.This is the runner's high — the strange excitement that sets in after a long bout of aerobic （有氧的） exercise.
The most obvious way to get a runner's high is to start running，particularly long-distance running.It may take several miles for the effects to kick in，though it's difficult to quantify（量化）exactly when，where and for how long a runner's high will occur.And not every runner — or every run — will be able to produce a runner's high.This variability has led some snarky Twitter users to conclude that the runner's high is，in fact，a myth，despite the physiological changes associated with it.
Other aerobic activities，including biking，swimming and strenuous hiking，can trigger the same response without necessarily forcing you to pound the pavement.
Interestingly，humans aren't the only animals that have exhibited signs of runner's high.Several experiments have observed a similar phenomenon in mice.Raichlen's lab has also tested dogs and ferrets （雪貂） by sticking them on a treadmill （跑步机） and looking for exercise-induced excitement，according to research published in the Journal of Experimental Biology.After 30 minutes of running，the dogs appeared at-ease；blood tests revealed elevated levels of endocannabinoids in their systems. "We didn't see that in the ferrets，" Raichlen said.
One major benefit to achieving a runner's high is that it makes exercise more enjoyable.By extension，this makes people more likely to stick to an exercise routine，which is a key component of long-term heart health，according to the American Heart Association.There is also good evidence that，over the long term，exercise can help reduce anxiety and stress.So go ahead and lace up your shoes.You're free to chase that runner's high as far as it takes you.
8. According to the text，what is the direct result when "runner's high" is reached？
A. Fewer diseases. B. Being positive.
C. Higher speed. D. Feeling anxious.
9. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word "trigger" in paragraph 3？
A. Break down. B. Relate to. C. Set off. D. Add to.
10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about？
A. Runner's high appears in some animals.
B. Runner's high surely brings lots of benefits
C. Another example with runner's high is found.
D. Different animals have different runner's high.
11. What can be inferred from the text？
A. Running is highly recommended by the author.
B. Most of us are running to achieve runner's high.
C. If you are running，runner's high is sure to happen.
D. Runner's high appears whenever you feel at peace.
D
Conservation scientist Kim Williams-Guillen was trying her best to come up with a way to save endangered sea turtles （海龟） from egg thieves when she had an "aha" moment：If she placed a fake （假） egg containing a GPS tracker in the reptiles' nests，she might be able to track the thieves.
Williams-Guillen found a pliable plastic material to mimic （仿造） the shell of real eggs.She and colleagues then used a 3 D printer to produce the fakes of the same size，weight，and texture and put the smallest GPS tracking devices inside each.The researchers then went to four Costa Rican beaches，where green sea turtle come ashore to make their nests.As mothers laid their eggs under cover of night，the researchers slipped a fake egg into each nest.Once the fakes are covered in sand and mix with the real eggs，it's very difficult to tell the difference between the two.
Of the 101 fake eggs，25 were taken by thieves.The farthest moving egg traveled 137 kilometers inland.The fake egg sent its final signal the next day from a residential property，suggesting that the research team had tracked the eggs through "all of the players in the entire chain."
By understanding that chain，Williams-Guillen says researchers can identify trading hot spots.She emphasizes that the tracker is not a way to catch local thieves，many of them living in poverty，but a tool to better understand their routes，which could help them-and eventually law enforcement-identify larger players in the chain.
In the meantime，Williams-Guillen and her colleagues are working to get their fake eggs to other sea turtle conservation organizations.Ultimately，though，scientists and nonprofits are going to engage communities with local outreach and education programs to save sea turtles.She says， "The real meat and potatoes of conservation isn't going to come from deploying （布署） eggs."
12. What can be learnt from paragraph 2？
A. Fake eggs are made and employed.
B. Sea turtles have become endangered.
C. Sea turtles lay eggs during the daytime.
D. The idea of fake eggs came into being.
13. Why did researchers track the turtle eggs？
A. To confirm whether the fake eggs really work.
B. To provide data for doing research on turtle eggs.
C. To arrest the locals stealing the turtle eggs from the beach.
D. To identify the trading routes and get the big players punished.
14. What does Williams-Guillen mean by saying "The real meat and potatoes of conservation isn't going to come from deploying eggs" in the last paragraph？
A. Deploying eggs needs advocating further.
B. Turtle conservation mainly relies on joint efforts.
C. She feels disappointed with the local communities.
D. Deploying eggs makes no difference in preserving turtles.
15. Which of the following can be the best title of the text？
A. Saving endangered sea turtles is urgent
B. Endangered turtles can be traced with GPS
C. GPS eggs helps to save endangered sea turtles
D. A conservation scientist is devoted to protecting sea turtles
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Many teachers or courses now assign a participation grade to students.Participating in class especially speaking up can not only improve your grade but also show your teacher that you are a good student.（1） .Your teacher will likely approve of the effort you are putting in.Here are some tips on speaking up in class.
Relax
If you're a bundle of nerves，you may find it hard to speak up.Take a few deep breaths before you raise your hand to speak.Remind yourself that you are prepared and that you have something important to say or ask.（2） .More likely than not，other students will think you are brave and smart for participating.
Speak clearly
When you have something to say，speak as clearly and concisely as possible.Don't mumble or look at the floor while you are talking.（3） .Don't be cocky or condescending，just be confident.
Ask questions
If something is confusing to you，ask about it.This pertains to questions you may have written down while doing your homework as well as to material that is new to that day's class.Other students are likely wondering the same thing you are.（4）
Give your opinion
Don't be afraid to respectfully disagree with a student，the author of what you've read，or even your teacher.Don't insult anyone，even in a debate，but don't feel like to have to agree with everyone either.
（5）
Don't try to answer every question or give an opinion on every topic.At the same time，don't think that answering one question the entire semester or year is going to cut it.Aim to speak up once or twice per class session.However，don't just speak to speak.Make sure you have something relevant to say.
A.Find a balance
B.Answer questions politely
C.Address the teacher （or student） directly
D.Sure，all eyes may be on you，but only for a minute or two
E.And the teacher will be glad to take a few minutes to clarify an issue
F.Speaking up shows you care about the class and are interested in the material
G.Being respectful of others' opinions will make it easy for you to participate in class
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
"New Recruits Wanted." This （1） caught my eye and revived （重新唤起） the dream I had since my childhood.But，just as （2） ，I reminded myself that I was getting close to sixty.Hesitating for a while，I finally entered the hall and filled out a（n）（3） .
My dream of becoming a firefighter began when I watched the television show Rescue 8， （4） with the cooperation of the Los Angeles Fire Department.Unfortunately，a career in construction and a family to （5） got in the way of working for the local fire department.Now， （6） retirement，my wife and I had just relocated to a beautiful village near Seattle.I had time to give.
To my delight，I was accepted for （7） .Yes，I was the oldest recruit，and it was so （8） that I was ready to drop out one day.When I got home from practice that day，a friend came over.I was about to say I could （9） do it anymore when he passed me a beautifully-illustrated book of firefighters in （10） ，with a personalized message of inspiration，encouraging me to follow my dream.As I looked through the （11） ，I felt amazed at the courage and devotion of these brave （12） .It gave me the strength I needed to carry on.
Over the next few weeks，the training continued to be tough，but I never lost （13） again.I lost twenty pounds，but eventually I was certificated as a firefighter.And now I can drive the big red trucks and （14） my community.When most of my friends are retiring，I'm （15） a new career I love.And I know that you're never too old to take on new challenges；never too old to follow your dreams.
21. A. promise B. sign C. guideline D. exposure
22. A. quickly B. accurately C. fundamentally D. originally
23. A. diagram B. memory C. appointment D. application
24. A. written B. promoted C. described D. filmed
25. A. rescue B. treasure C. raise D. build
26. A. in case of B. in favor of
C. in anticipation of D. in search of
27. A. training B. performing C. working D. advertising
28. A. crucial B. intense C. simple D. helpful
29. A. gradually B. regularly C. barely D. particularly
30. A. surprise B. action C. debt D. return
31. A. pages B. tips C. speeches D. indications
32. A. judges B. colleagues C. individuals D. assistants
33. A. time B. sense C. fantacy D. focus
34. A. control B. organize C. represent D. serve
35. A. pursuing B. shifting C. creating D. recalling
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The beginning of March brings some funny weather to China as temperatures rise and rainfall is accompanied by thunder.Welcome to a season （1） （know） as Jingzhe，or the "Awakening of the Insects".
Falling （2） （usual） on March 5，it is one of the solar terms in the Chinese lunar calendar，which used to instruct ancient Chinese people's daily lives and （3） （farm）.
The Chinese classics recorded a time when spring thunder revived insects （4） had been hibernating（冬眠）for the winter.They rise up from the earth，and plenty of other creatures also put in their first （5） （appear） of the year.Soon，peach blossoms （6） （be） in full bloom while orioles will sing from tree branches."
Chinese farmers attach great importance （7） Jingzhe，since it kicks off spring plowing，one of the （8） （busy） times in the farmlands.With insects buzzing，it is time to protect the crops from these pests.Poultry and livestock also need protecting from diseases.
Spring （9） （consider） the most precious time of the year for agriculture.At （10） beginning of the year，farmers till the soil，giving crops the best possible environment and more nutrition.In the north，irrigation needs to be timely while in the south，it is almost time to plant rice and corn.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，是英国某高中的交换生，得知你的朋友Tom对中国的饮食文化感兴趣，恰巧学校附近开了一家中餐馆，味道和装修都具有中国特色，于是你想邀请他周末一起去品尝。请根据以下要点给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
（1）写邮件的目的；
（2）推荐该餐馆的理由（菜肴品种多，低脂高营养且美味，环境优雅有中国特色，且价格合理等）；
注意：
（1）写作词数为80左右；
（2）请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：营养nutrition；脂肪fat
________
38. 阅读下面材料，根据所给内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The bird must have only just been hatched （孵化） when I spot it.Its mother had disappeared，leaving it alone and shivering in the face of the north wind.I decided to take it straight back and build it a new home.
I hung an empty flowerpot （花盆） and it was in this pot that the bird was to have its new home.When Dad got home，he immediately discovered the new addition to our family.Without saying a word，he turned around and left the house.After some time，he returned and I saw that he had a handful of grass and pine needles.Obviously，Dad thought the nest I had made was far too rough and so he had decided to decorate it himself.
"A bird born at this time of year won't survive the winter." In spite of this prediction on the bird's future，Dad very carefully fashioned the nest himself.Soon I found "NuoNuo" （Dad had named him） had started to grow feathers.
Dad probably realized that he had been a little cruel in his prediction.You see，he had already started training Nuo Nuo to walk.As you know，Nuo Nuo lived in a flowerpot，not a cage or anything.It was obvious that Nuo Nuo didn't realize he was a bird.He perhaps thinks he was one of the family.But it is not enough for a bird to walk，it must fly as well.Dad soon began attempting to make him learn this new ability，but it was not an easy task.After all，nobody in our family had mastered the art of flying.We didn't even have wings.How could we ask Nuo Nuo to do something that we had no means of doing ourselves？
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The flying lessons went on regardless.
________
Gradually，this "stupid" action of Dad's did actually have an effect.
________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文La Sagrada Familia部分中的关键句The church is expected to be completed in 2026，exactly 100 years after the architect's death. （该教堂预计2026年完成，正好是教堂的建筑师去世百年后。）及Once finished，it will be the tallest church in Europe at 566 feet. （一旦完工，它将高达566英尺，成为欧洲最高的教堂。）可知该景点还在建设中，完工之后会成为欧洲的奇观。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。由本文Clergy-baked Treats部分中的关键句At Monasterio Del Corpus Christi in Madrid，ring a bell labeled "monjas" and you can place your order for cookies baked by cloistered nuns"（在马德里的 Monasterio Del Corpus Christi 按一下贴有"monjas"标签的响铃，你就能订购由隐居的修女烘焙的饼干。）可知在此地可以品尝到隐居的修女制作的饼干。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。由本文Barri Gòtic部分中的。Perhaps Barcelona's most mysterious section is its Gothic Quarter，Barri Gòtic.Simply getting lost in its winding streets is worth exploring，with hidden shops，artwork of saints，and lovely lampposts at every turn.On Carrer del Bisbe，you'll find one of Barri Gòtic's most photographed sites-Bishop's Bridge.Under the passageway is a skull and dagger design that has many legends attached to it.（也许巴塞罗那最神秘的部分是它的Gothic Quarter，Barri Gòtic.在蜿蜒的街道上迷路是值得探索的，隐藏的商店，圣徒的艺术品，以及每一个转弯处可爱的灯柱。在Carrer del Bisbe，你会发现Barri Gåtic's照片最多的地点之一Bishop's Bridge。通道下面是一个骷髅和匕首的设计，上面有许多传说它。）可知该处是一个神秘的地方，适合那些愿意探险的人。故选D。
这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了巴塞罗那和马德里一些迷人的景点。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
4~7.【答案】D、B、C、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段As a child growing up in a suburban town in the Northeast of the United States，the arrival of spring had little meaning for me.（作为一个在美国东北部郊区小镇长大的孩子，春天的到来对我来说没什么意义。）可知，春天几乎没有给他作者留下好印象。因此D．It hardly left a good impression on him.（这很难给他留下好印象。）符合题意。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段I had been in Beijing for about three months when my first Spring Festival rolled around，and it could hardly be ignored.Aside from the random bursts of fireworks at any time day or night，what stood out most for me was that the capital seemed to be empty. （当我第一个春节到来时，我已经在北京待了大约三个月了，这个春节几乎不能被忽视。除了白天或晚上任何时候随机爆发的烟花，最让我印象深刻的是首都似乎空荡荡的。）和第五段It was as though the crowds and streams of cars and trucks commonly seen in the capital had all gone into hiding. （似乎在首都常见的人群和川流不息的汽车和卡车都躲起来了。）可知，春节期间的北京给作者印象最深的是意想不到的安静。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段I can't begin to figure out how the ancient Chinese could create a system that would almost always accurately predict when the season would shift year after year after year.But they did. （我不明白古代中国人是如何创造出一个几乎总是能准确预测年复一年季节变化时间的系统的。但他们做到了。）可推断，作者感觉中国古代创造的系统太棒了。A．Adorable.可爱的；B．Confused.困惑的；C．Wonderful.美好的；D．Convenient.方便的。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段I also got my first knowledge of something about Spring Festival that never ceases to amaze me.Regardless of when the holiday is set to begin，there is an almost immediate and sudden change for the better in the weather.Spring really does arrive. （我也第一次知道了一些关于春节的事情，这一直让我感到惊讶。不管假期什么时候开始，天气都会立即突然好转。春天真的来了。）可推断，在中国春节总是预示着春天的到来。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要论述了作者小时候认为春天很无聊，后来，来到中国，看到春节期间中国的传统，对中国的传统文化产生了钦佩之心。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】B、C、A、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文第一自然段中的关键句This is the runner's high — the strange excitement that sets in after a long bout of aerobic（有氧的）exercise.（这就是跑步者的高潮---在长时间的有氧运动后产生的奇怪的兴奋。）可知跑步高潮带来的直接结果就是心态乐观积极。故选B。
（2）词句猜测题。由本文第二自然段中的关键句The most obvious way to get a runner's high is to start running，particularly long-distance running.（获得跑步高潮最明显的方法就是开始跑步，尤其是长跑。）可知，跑步会引发跑步高潮。以及第三自然段Other aerobic activities，including biking，swimming and strenuous hiking，can trigger the same response without necessarily forcing you to pound the pavement.（其他有氧运动，包括骑自行车、游泳和剧烈的徒步旅行，也能_______同样的反应，而不必强迫你走路。）可知其他有氧运动也可以引发跑步高潮。由此判断，划线单词意为"诱发、引起"。A.Break down抛锚，崩溃；B.Relate to涉及，相关；C.Set off出发，引起；D.Add to增加。故选C。
（3）段落大意题。由本文第四自然段的内容Interestingly，humans aren't the only animals that have exhibited signs of runner's high.Several experiments have observed a similar phenomenon in mice.Raichlen's lab has also tested dogs and ferrets （雪貂） by sticking them on a treadmill （跑步机） and looking for exercise-induced excitement，according to research published in the Journal of Experimental Biology.After 30 minutes of running，the dogs appeared at-ease；blood tests revealed elevated levels of endocannabinoids in their systems. "We didn't see that in the ferrets，" Raichlen said.（有趣的是，人类并不是唯一表现出跑步者兴奋症状的动物。一些实验在老鼠身上也观察到了类似的现象。根据发表在《实验生物学杂志》上的研究，瑞奇伦的实验室还对狗和雪貂进行了测试，把它们放在跑步机上，寻找运动引起的兴奋。在30分钟的跑步后，狗狗表现得很放松；血液测试显示它们体内的内源性大麻素水平升高。"我们在雪貂身上没有看到这种情况，"瑞奇伦说。）可知本段主要讲述了有些动物也会在运动后出现运动高潮。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。由本文最后一自然段中的关键句So go ahead and lace up your shoes.You're free to chase that runner's high as far as it takes you. （所以去吧，系上鞋带。你可以随心所欲地追逐跑步者的快感。）可推断，作者非常赞同跑步。故选A。
本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种现象，名为"跑步高潮"。这种现象出现在人们进行有氧运动之后，对人的身心都有益。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
12~15.【答案】A、D、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Williams-Guillen found a pliable plastic material to mimic （仿造） the shell of real eggs.She and colleagues then used a 3 D printer to produce the fakes of the same size，weight，and texture and put the smallest GPS tracking devices inside each.（Williams-Guillen发现了一种柔韧的塑料材料，可以仿造真实蛋的外壳。然后，她和同事们用3 D打印机打印出了大小、重量和质地相同的赝品，并把最小的GPS跟踪设备放在每个赝品里面。）可知，研究人员制作了假蛋，并将假蛋放到了海龟巢中。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段By understanding that chain，Williams-Guillen says researchers can identify trading hot spots.She emphasizes that the tracker is not a way to catch local thieves，many of them living in poverty，but a tool to better understand their routes，which could help them — and eventually law enforcement — identify larger players in the chain.（Williams-Guillen说，通过了解这一链条，研究人员可以确定交易热点。她强调，追踪器不是用来抓当地小偷的，他们中的许多人生活在贫困中，而是一种更好地了解他们路线的工具，这可以帮助他们——最终帮助执法部门——识别链条中更大的参与者）可知，研究人员追踪海龟蛋的去向是为了确定交易地点和抓到最大的幕后参与者。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Ultimately，though，scientists and nonprofits are going to engage communities with local outreach and education programs to save sea turtles.（不过，科学家和非营利组织最终将通过当地的宣传和教育项目与社区接触，以拯救海龟。）可推知，她认为拯救海龟需要共同的努力。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Conservation scientist Kim Williams-Guillen was trying her best to come up with a way to save endangered sea turtles（海龟）from egg thieves when she had an "aha" moment：If she placed a fake（假）egg containing a GPS tracker in the reptiles' nests，she might be able to track the thieves. （自然保护科学家Kim Williams-Guillen正在努力想办法从偷蛋贼手中拯救濒危的海龟，这时她突然灵光一现：如果她在爬行动物的巢穴里放一个装有GPS追踪器的假蛋，她可能就能追踪到小偷）及全文可知，文章主要讲述了自然保护科学家们希望能够通过GPS来追踪偷蛋贼，从而保护濒危的海龟。由此可知，"GPS eggs helps to save endangered sea turtles（GPS蛋有助于拯救濒危海龟）"作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然保护科学家们为了想办法从偷蛋贼手中拯救濒危的海龟，在海龟的巢穴里放一个装有GPS追踪器的假蛋，从而追踪到偷盗海龟蛋的产业链。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】F、D、C、E、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据前文Participating in class especially speaking up can not only improve your grade but also show your teacher that you are a good student.（参与课堂，特别是发言，不仅可以提高你的成绩，还可以向你的老师展示你是一个好学生。）以及后文Your teacher will likely approve of the effort you are putting in.（你的老师很可能会认可你所付出的努力。）可知，空处是一个过渡句，由前文讲在课堂发言的好处，过渡到老师的看法，所以F项"大声说出来表明你关心这门课，对材料感兴趣"符合语境。故选F项。
（2）推理判断题。根据本段小标题Relax（放松）以及后文More likely than not，other students will think you are brave and smart for participating.（更有可能的是，其他学生会认为你的参与是勇敢和聪明的。）可知，推知空处应是其他同学另一种做法，和后文比较，所以D项"当然，所有人的目光都在你身上，但只有一两分钟"符合语境，本句也点出紧张的原因，和小标题相呼应。故选D项。
（3）推理判断题。根据前文When you have something to say，speak as clearly and concisely as possible.Don't mumble or look at the floor while you are talking.（当你有话要说的时候，尽量说得清楚简洁。说话时不要喃喃自语或看着地板。）和下文Don't be cocky or condescending，just be confident.（不要骄傲或居高临下，要自信。）推知，空处也是发言时需要注意的地方，所以C项"直接称呼老师（或学生）"，也是需要注意的点，符合语境。故选C项。
（4）归纳总结题。分空处位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文If something is confusing to you，ask about it.This pertains to questions you may have written down while doing your homework as well as to material that is new to that day's class.Other students are likely wondering the same thing you are.（如果有什么事情让你感到困惑，就去问问。这既适用于你在做作业时写下的问题，也适用于当天课堂上的新内容。其他学生可能也在想和你一样的事情。）可知，前文是在讲问老师问题，由此推知，空处陈述老师对这种情况的反应。所以E项"老师很乐意花几分钟时间澄清问题"符合语境。故选E项。
（5）段落标题题。分析设空可知，空处是本段小标题，根据后文Don't try to answer every question or give an opinion on every topic.At the same time，don't think that answering one question the entire semester or year is going to cut it.Aim to speak up once or twice per class session.However，don't just speak to speak.Make sure you have something relevant to say.（不要试图回答每个问题或对每个话题都发表意见。与此同时，不要认为回答一个问题就能解决整个学期或一年的问题。力争每节课发言一到两次。然而，不要只是为了发言而发言。而是确保你有相关的内容要说。）可知，本段主要是说在总是发言和不发言间要找到平衡点，所以A项"找到平衡"符合语境。故选A项。
本文是说明文。主要介绍了一些在课堂上发言的技巧。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、A、D、D、C、C、A、B、C、B、A、C、D、D、A
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.promise承诺；B.sign标志；C.guideline指导方针；D.exposure曝光。句意：这个标志引起了我的注意，让我想起了儿时的梦想。根据上文""New Recruits Wanted.""可知，这是一个标志。故选B。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.quickly快速地；B.accurately准确地；C.fundamentally从根本上；D.originally最初。句意：但是，很快，我提醒自己，我已经快60岁了。根据下文"I reminded myself that I was getting close to sixty"可知，很快，作者提醒自己，作者已经快60岁了。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.diagram图表；B.memory记忆；C.appointment约会；D.application申请表。句意：犹豫了一会儿，我终于进了大厅，填了一份申请表。根据上文"New Recruits Wanted"和"filled out"可知，作者是去填了一份申请表。故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.written写；B.promoted促进；C.described描述；D.filmed拍摄电影。句意：我成为一名消防员的梦想始于我看电视节目《营救8号》，这部电视节目是由洛杉矶消防局合作拍摄的。根据上文"television show"可知，这部电视节目是由洛杉矶消防局合作拍摄的。故选D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.rescue救；B.treasure珍爱；C.raise养育；D.build修建。句意：不幸的是，建筑行业的工作和养家糊口阻碍了他在当地消防部门的工作。根据下文"got in the way of working for the local fire department"可知，建筑行业的工作和养家糊口阻碍了他在当地消防部门的工作。故选C。
（6）考查固定短语及语境理解。A.in case of万一；B.in favor of赞成；C.in anticipation of在预期中；D.in search of寻找。句意：现在，由于即将退休，我和妻子搬到了西雅图附近一个美丽的村庄。根据上文"close to sixty"可知，他即将退休，空格处意为"在预期中"。故选C。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.training训练；B.performing表演；C.working工作；D.advertising打广告。句意：令我高兴的是，我被接受参加培训。根据下文"I was the oldest recruit"可知，作者被接受参加培训。故选A。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.crucial至关重要的；B.intense严肃紧张的；C.simple简单；D.helpful有帮助的。句意：是的，我是年龄最大的新人，训练太紧张了，以至于有一天我都准备退学了。根据下文"I was ready to drop out one day"可知，训练太紧张了。故选B。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.gradually逐渐；B.regularly定期地；C.barely几乎不；D.particularly非常，尤其。句意：我正要说我再也做不下去了，这时他递给我一本插图精美的书，书中讲述了消防员的行动，书中个性化的激励信息鼓励我追随自己的梦想。根据上文"I was ready to drop out one day"可知，句子表示"我正要说我再也做不下去了，这时他递给我一本插图精美的书"，空格处意为"几乎不"，故选C。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.surprise惊讶；B.action行动；C.debt债；D.return回来，返回。句意：我正要说我再也做不下去了，这时他递给我一本插图精美的书，书中讲述了消防员的行动，书中个性化的激励信息鼓励我追随自己的梦想。根据下文"with a personalized message of inspiration，encouraging me to follow my dream"可知，他递给作者一本插图精美的书，书中讲述了消防员的行动。故选B。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.pages页面；B.tips指点，诀窍，建议；C.speeches演讲；D.indications指示。句意：当我翻看这些书时，我对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶。根据上文"a beautifully-illustrated book"可知，当作者翻看这些书时，作者对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶，空格处意为"页面"。故选A。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.judges法官；B.colleagues同事；C.individuals个人；D.assistants助理。句意：当我翻看这些书时，我对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶。根据上文"a beautifully-illustrated book of firefighters"可知，作者对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶，空格处意为"个人"。故选C。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.time时间；B.sense感觉；C.fantacy幻想；D.focus焦点，专注。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，训练仍然很艰苦，但我再也没有失去注意力。根据下文"I lost twenty pounds，but eventually I was certificated as a firefighter"可知，作者专心训练，也就是没有失去注意力。故选D。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.control控制；B.organize组织；C.represent代表；D.serve服务。句意：现在我可以开红色的消防车为我的社区服务了。根据上文"I can drive the big red trucks"可知，现在作者可以开红色的消防车为社区服务了。故选D。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.pursuing追求；B.shifting转变；C.creating创造；D.recalling回想起。句意：当我的大多数朋友都退休了，我却在追求自己喜欢的新事业。根据下文"a new career I love"可知，作者追求自己喜欢的新事业。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在快要到60岁的时候追求理想，最终通过艰苦的训练，作者成为了一名消防员。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】known
【小题2】usually
【小题3】farming
【小题4】that/which
【小题5】appearance
【小题6】will be
【小题7】to
【小题8】busiest
【小题9】is considered
【小题10】the
【解析】（1）考查过去分词。句意：欢迎来到被称为"惊蛰"的时节，或者"昆虫苏醒的季节"。分析题干可知，句中已有谓语动词"Welcome"，故空处需要填非谓语动词，"a season"和"know"之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
（2）考查副词。句意：通常3月5日惊蛰来临，它是中国农历的节气之一，用来指导中国古代人们的日常生活和农耕。根据"Falling on"可知，此处需要用副词修饰动词，故填usually。
（3）考查不可数名词。句意：通常3月5日惊蛰来临，它是中国农历的节气之一，用来指导中国古代人们的日常生活和农耕。根据" daily lives and"可知，此处需要填名词。farming作名词，表示"农业"符合句意，为不可数名词。故填farming。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：中国典籍记录了一段时间，在这段时间里春雷惊醒了冬眠的昆虫。分析句子成分可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词是"insects"，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
（5）考查可数名词的单数。句意：它们破土而出，许多其他生物也在一年里首次亮相。根据"their first"可知，此处需要填名词。表示"第一次亮相"，所以用名词单数。故填appearance。
（6）考查动词时态。句意：不久之后，桃花将盛开，黄鹂鸟将站在枝头高歌。分析句子成分可知，句中缺谓语动词，根据"Soon"可知用一般将来时。故填will be。
（7）考查介词。句意：中国农民非常重视惊蛰，因为它意味着春耕开始，这是农田里最忙的时节之一。attach great importance to sth固定短语，表示"重视某事"符合句意。故填to。
（8）考查形容词。句意：中国农民非常重视惊蛰，因为它意味着春耕开始，这是农田里最忙的时节之一。根据"times"可知，此处需要用形容词修饰名词，one of the +形容词最高级+名词表示"最……的事物之一"符合句意。故填busiest。
（9）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：对于农业，春季是最重要的季节。分析句子成分可知，句中缺谓语动词，陈述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语"Spring"和"consider"之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填 is considered。
（10）考查冠词。句意：在一年之初，农民耕作土地，给农作物最好的环境和更多的营养。At the beginning of表示"在……开始，起初"符合句意。故填the。
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了惊蛰这一节气的具体情况及其重要性。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear Tom，
Knowing that you are interested in Chinese food culture，I'm more than glad to invite you to a newly-opened Chinese restaurant near my school this weekend.（写邮件的目的）
As far as I know，this restaurant offers varieties of dishes rich in nutrition and low in fat，which is of great benefit to health.【高分句型一】However，what impresses customers most is its elegant environment，featuring typical Chinese elements.【高分句型二】Of course，the prices are also reasonable.（推荐该餐馆的理由）
Undoubtedly，you are bound to be fascinated by the new restaurant，where you can not only have a taste of Chinese food，but appreciate Chinese culture as well.Looking forward to your reply.（期盼）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：As far as I know，this restaurant offers varieties of dishes rich in nutrition and low in fat，which is of great benefit to health.
翻译：据我所知，这家餐厅提供各种营养丰富、低脂肪的菜肴，对健康非常有益。
分析：本句运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：However，what impresses customers most is its elegant environment，featuring typical Chinese elements.
翻译：然而，最让顾客印象深刻的是它优雅的环境，具有典型的中国元素。
分析：本句运用了what引导的主语从句。
这是一篇书信类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】The flying lessons went on regardless.One day，Dad took out a chair and climb on it.While I was curious what he was doing，Dad jumped off the chair，waving his arms as if his life depended on it，in an attempt to encourage Nuo Nuo to shake his wings like him.【高分句型一】Funny and clumsy as my dad looked，he tried hard in the hope that Nuo Nuo would understand his intention.【高分句型二】Nuo Nuo looked at him in surprise，seemingly wondering what happened.（描写作者的父亲教小鸟飞行）
Gradually，this "stupid" action of Dad's did actually have an effect.NuoNuo began to shake his wings and started to rise.Everything is hard at the beginning.At first it kept falling.Slowly it began to fly.After a few days of practice，Nuo Nuo managed to fly and he survived the winter as well.This is life.As long as we are determined and don't let difficulties get in our way，anything is possible-there's no end to where our determination can take us.（描写小鸟慢慢学会了飞行）
【解析】本文以动物为线索展开，讲述了作者带回一只孤单的小鸟，并且和家人一起悉心照顾小鸟，教它飞翔的故事。
高分句型一：While I was curious what he was doing，Dad jumped off the chair，waving his arms as if his life depended on it，in an attempt to encourage Nuo Nuo to shake his wings like him.
翻译：当我好奇他在做什么时，爸爸从椅子上跳了下来，挥舞着他的手臂，好像他的生命依赖于它，试图鼓励诺诺像他一样抖动他的翅膀。
分析：本句运用了while引导的时间状语从句和as if引导的条件状语从句。
高分句型二：Funny and clumsy as my dad looked，he tried hard in the hope that Nuo Nuo would understand his intention.
翻译：爸爸看起来既滑稽又笨拙，但他很努力，希望诺诺能理解他的意图。
分析：本句运用了as引导的让步状语从句和that引导的同位语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年江西省九校高二（下）开学英语试卷
题号
一
二
三
四
五
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Whether you plan to travel to España sometime soon，or just want to take a virtual vacation，here are some of Barcelona and Madrid's most intriguing spiritual spots.
La Sagrada Familia
No trip to Barcelona is complete without gazing at Antoni Gaudi's crowning achievement：La Sagrada Familia.The church is expected to be completed in 2026，exactly 100 years after the architect's death.
Once finished，it will be the tallest church in Europe at 566 feet，slightly shorter than the nearby mountain of Montjuïc，as Gaudi believed no man-made structure should be greater than God's creation.
Clergy-baked Treats
At Monasterio Del Corpus Christi in Madrid，ring a bell labeled "monjas" and you can place your order for cookies baked by cloistered nuns （隐居的修女）.Leave payment on a turntable and a box of sweets will appear as if by magic.
Holy Toledo!
About half an hour outside of Madrid is the ancient city of Toledo，known as the "City of Three Cultures，" because of its historical significance to the Christian，Jewish，and Muslim faiths.
Toledo's old town is set on a hill.The winding，uphill，cobblestone streets-lined with shops selling swords and knives-will transport you to medieval times.
Barri Gòtic
Perhaps Barcelona's most mysterious section is its Gothic Quarter，Barri Gòtic.Simply getting lost in its winding streets is worth exploring，with hidden shops，artwork of saints，and lovely lampposts at every turn.On Carrer del Bisbe，you'll find one of Barri Gòtic's most photographed sites-Bishop's Bridge.Under the passageway is a skull and dagger design that has many legends attached to it.
1. What do we know about La Sagrada Familia？
A. It is the tallest church in Europe.
B. It is a still-in-progress wonder.
C. It is a church in memory of God.
D. It is located in mountain of Montjuïc.
2. What is special about Monasterio Del Corpus Christi in Madrid？
A. Baking cookies with cloistered nuns.
B. Tasting sweets created by special members.
C. Being famous for its unique religious beliefs
D. Experiencing the atmosphere of medieval times.
3. Where should visitors go if they are keen on adventure？
A. Mountain of Montjuïc.
B. Monasterio Del Corpus Christi in Madrid.
C. The ancient city of Toledo.
D. Gothic Quarter，Barri Gòtic.
B
As a child growing up in a suburban town in the Northeast of the United States，the arrival of spring had little meaning for me.Sure，we had a weeklong spring vocation from school，but the key word there was vacation，not spring.
For the kids in my neighborhood，the arrival of spring was a non-event.There were two important seasons：winter，when we could go skating and sledding or build snow forts，and summer，when we could finally make proper use of the beach about 100 meter east of my family home.Spring and autumn were just technical details，weeks and weeks of waiting for the good times' return.
Admittedly，spring later developed its own attractions for me- "In the spring a young man's fancy turns to thoughts of love"，as the poet Alfred Lord Tennyson noted-however，it was not spring itself，but the other stuff bat got my attention.
In short，I never thought much at all about spring....and then I arrived in China.I had been in Beijing for about three months when my first Spring Festival rolled around，and it could hardly be ignored.Aside from the random bursts of fireworks at any time day or night，what stood out most for me was that the capital seemed to be empty.
It was as though the crowds and streams of cars and trucks commonly seen in the capital had all gone into hiding.My puzzlement cleared up when I returned to work.My colleagues explained that Chinese traditionally travel，if necessary，to visit their families during Spring Festival，and that many Beijingers were not natives of the capital.
I also got my first knowledge of something about Spring Festival that never ceases to amaze me.Regardless of when the holiday is set to begin，there is an almost immediate and sudden change for the better in the weather.Spring really does arrive.
I can't begin to figure out how the ancient Chinese could create a system that would almost always accurately predict when the season would shift year after year after year.But they did.
4. What did the author think of spring as a child？
A. It was a season full of promise.
B. It was always beyond his imagination.
C. It was a tiring and long holiday.
D. It hardly left a good impression on him.
5. What impressed the author most about Beijing during the Spring Festival？
A. The busy traffic. B. The unexpected quietness.
C. Beijingers' love for travel. D. Occasional bursts of fireworks.
6. How does the author feel about the system created by ancient Chinese？
A. Adorable. B. Confused. C. Wonderful. D. Convenient.
7. What can be inferred from the text？
A. Spring Festival in Beijing will make one feel quite lonely.
B. The author spent his first Spring Festival at a colleague's home.
C. In China Spring Festival always indicates the coming of Spring.
D. The author still worked during the Spring Festival while in Beijing.
C
And you're smiling，because you feel totally at peace with the world.This is the runner's high — the strange excitement that sets in after a long bout of aerobic （有氧的） exercise.
The most obvious way to get a runner's high is to start running，particularly long-distance running.It may take several miles for the effects to kick in，though it's difficult to quantify（量化）exactly when，where and for how long a runner's high will occur.And not every runner — or every run — will be able to produce a runner's high.This variability has led some snarky Twitter users to conclude that the runner's high is，in fact，a myth，despite the physiological changes associated with it.
Other aerobic activities，including biking，swimming and strenuous hiking，can trigger the same response without necessarily forcing you to pound the pavement.
Interestingly，humans aren't the only animals that have exhibited signs of runner's high.Several experiments have observed a similar phenomenon in mice.Raichlen's lab has also tested dogs and ferrets （雪貂） by sticking them on a treadmill （跑步机） and looking for exercise-induced excitement，according to research published in the Journal of Experimental Biology.After 30 minutes of running，the dogs appeared at-ease；blood tests revealed elevated levels of endocannabinoids in their systems. "We didn't see that in the ferrets，" Raichlen said.
One major benefit to achieving a runner's high is that it makes exercise more enjoyable.By extension，this makes people more likely to stick to an exercise routine，which is a key component of long-term heart health，according to the American Heart Association.There is also good evidence that，over the long term，exercise can help reduce anxiety and stress.So go ahead and lace up your shoes.You're free to chase that runner's high as far as it takes you.
8. According to the text，what is the direct result when "runner's high" is reached？
A. Fewer diseases. B. Being positive.
C. Higher speed. D. Feeling anxious.
9. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word "trigger" in paragraph 3？
A. Break down. B. Relate to. C. Set off. D. Add to.
10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about？
A. Runner's high appears in some animals.
B. Runner's high surely brings lots of benefits
C. Another example with runner's high is found.
D. Different animals have different runner's high.
11. What can be inferred from the text？
A. Running is highly recommended by the author.
B. Most of us are running to achieve runner's high.
C. If you are running，runner's high is sure to happen.
D. Runner's high appears whenever you feel at peace.
D
Conservation scientist Kim Williams-Guillen was trying her best to come up with a way to save endangered sea turtles （海龟） from egg thieves when she had an "aha" moment：If she placed a fake （假） egg containing a GPS tracker in the reptiles' nests，she might be able to track the thieves.
Williams-Guillen found a pliable plastic material to mimic （仿造） the shell of real eggs.She and colleagues then used a 3 D printer to produce the fakes of the same size，weight，and texture and put the smallest GPS tracking devices inside each.The researchers then went to four Costa Rican beaches，where green sea turtle come ashore to make their nests.As mothers laid their eggs under cover of night，the researchers slipped a fake egg into each nest.Once the fakes are covered in sand and mix with the real eggs，it's very difficult to tell the difference between the two.
Of the 101 fake eggs，25 were taken by thieves.The farthest moving egg traveled 137 kilometers inland.The fake egg sent its final signal the next day from a residential property，suggesting that the research team had tracked the eggs through "all of the players in the entire chain."
By understanding that chain，Williams-Guillen says researchers can identify trading hot spots.She emphasizes that the tracker is not a way to catch local thieves，many of them living in poverty，but a tool to better understand their routes，which could help them-and eventually law enforcement-identify larger players in the chain.
In the meantime，Williams-Guillen and her colleagues are working to get their fake eggs to other sea turtle conservation organizations.Ultimately，though，scientists and nonprofits are going to engage communities with local outreach and education programs to save sea turtles.She says， "The real meat and potatoes of conservation isn't going to come from deploying （布署） eggs."
12. What can be learnt from paragraph 2？
A. Fake eggs are made and employed.
B. Sea turtles have become endangered.
C. Sea turtles lay eggs during the daytime.
D. The idea of fake eggs came into being.
13. Why did researchers track the turtle eggs？
A. To confirm whether the fake eggs really work.
B. To provide data for doing research on turtle eggs.
C. To arrest the locals stealing the turtle eggs from the beach.
D. To identify the trading routes and get the big players punished.
14. What does Williams-Guillen mean by saying "The real meat and potatoes of conservation isn't going to come from deploying eggs" in the last paragraph？
A. Deploying eggs needs advocating further.
B. Turtle conservation mainly relies on joint efforts.
C. She feels disappointed with the local communities.
D. Deploying eggs makes no difference in preserving turtles.
15. Which of the following can be the best title of the text？
A. Saving endangered sea turtles is urgent
B. Endangered turtles can be traced with GPS
C. GPS eggs helps to save endangered sea turtles
D. A conservation scientist is devoted to protecting sea turtles
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Many teachers or courses now assign a participation grade to students.Participating in class especially speaking up can not only improve your grade but also show your teacher that you are a good student.（1） .Your teacher will likely approve of the effort you are putting in.Here are some tips on speaking up in class.
Relax
If you're a bundle of nerves，you may find it hard to speak up.Take a few deep breaths before you raise your hand to speak.Remind yourself that you are prepared and that you have something important to say or ask.（2） .More likely than not，other students will think you are brave and smart for participating.
Speak clearly
When you have something to say，speak as clearly and concisely as possible.Don't mumble or look at the floor while you are talking.（3） .Don't be cocky or condescending，just be confident.
Ask questions
If something is confusing to you，ask about it.This pertains to questions you may have written down while doing your homework as well as to material that is new to that day's class.Other students are likely wondering the same thing you are.（4）
Give your opinion
Don't be afraid to respectfully disagree with a student，the author of what you've read，or even your teacher.Don't insult anyone，even in a debate，but don't feel like to have to agree with everyone either.
（5）
Don't try to answer every question or give an opinion on every topic.At the same time，don't think that answering one question the entire semester or year is going to cut it.Aim to speak up once or twice per class session.However，don't just speak to speak.Make sure you have something relevant to say.
A.Find a balance
B.Answer questions politely
C.Address the teacher （or student） directly
D.Sure，all eyes may be on you，but only for a minute or two
E.And the teacher will be glad to take a few minutes to clarify an issue
F.Speaking up shows you care about the class and are interested in the material
G.Being respectful of others' opinions will make it easy for you to participate in class
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
"New Recruits Wanted." This （1） caught my eye and revived （重新唤起） the dream I had since my childhood.But，just as （2） ，I reminded myself that I was getting close to sixty.Hesitating for a while，I finally entered the hall and filled out a（n）（3） .
My dream of becoming a firefighter began when I watched the television show Rescue 8， （4） with the cooperation of the Los Angeles Fire Department.Unfortunately，a career in construction and a family to （5） got in the way of working for the local fire department.Now， （6） retirement，my wife and I had just relocated to a beautiful village near Seattle.I had time to give.
To my delight，I was accepted for （7） .Yes，I was the oldest recruit，and it was so （8） that I was ready to drop out one day.When I got home from practice that day，a friend came over.I was about to say I could （9） do it anymore when he passed me a beautifully-illustrated book of firefighters in （10） ，with a personalized message of inspiration，encouraging me to follow my dream.As I looked through the （11） ，I felt amazed at the courage and devotion of these brave （12） .It gave me the strength I needed to carry on.
Over the next few weeks，the training continued to be tough，but I never lost （13） again.I lost twenty pounds，but eventually I was certificated as a firefighter.And now I can drive the big red trucks and （14） my community.When most of my friends are retiring，I'm （15） a new career I love.And I know that you're never too old to take on new challenges；never too old to follow your dreams.
21. A. promise B. sign C. guideline D. exposure
22. A. quickly B. accurately C. fundamentally D. originally
23. A. diagram B. memory C. appointment D. application
24. A. written B. promoted C. described D. filmed
25. A. rescue B. treasure C. raise D. build
26. A. in case of B. in favor of
C. in anticipation of D. in search of
27. A. training B. performing C. working D. advertising
28. A. crucial B. intense C. simple D. helpful
29. A. gradually B. regularly C. barely D. particularly
30. A. surprise B. action C. debt D. return
31. A. pages B. tips C. speeches D. indications
32. A. judges B. colleagues C. individuals D. assistants
33. A. time B. sense C. fantacy D. focus
34. A. control B. organize C. represent D. serve
35. A. pursuing B. shifting C. creating D. recalling
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The beginning of March brings some funny weather to China as temperatures rise and rainfall is accompanied by thunder.Welcome to a season （1） （know） as Jingzhe，or the "Awakening of the Insects".
Falling （2） （usual） on March 5，it is one of the solar terms in the Chinese lunar calendar，which used to instruct ancient Chinese people's daily lives and （3） （farm）.
The Chinese classics recorded a time when spring thunder revived insects （4） had been hibernating（冬眠）for the winter.They rise up from the earth，and plenty of other creatures also put in their first （5） （appear） of the year.Soon，peach blossoms （6） （be） in full bloom while orioles will sing from tree branches."
Chinese farmers attach great importance （7） Jingzhe，since it kicks off spring plowing，one of the （8） （busy） times in the farmlands.With insects buzzing，it is time to protect the crops from these pests.Poultry and livestock also need protecting from diseases.
Spring （9） （consider） the most precious time of the year for agriculture.At （10） beginning of the year，farmers till the soil，giving crops the best possible environment and more nutrition.In the north，irrigation needs to be timely while in the south，it is almost time to plant rice and corn.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，是英国某高中的交换生，得知你的朋友Tom对中国的饮食文化感兴趣，恰巧学校附近开了一家中餐馆，味道和装修都具有中国特色，于是你想邀请他周末一起去品尝。请根据以下要点给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
（1）写邮件的目的；
（2）推荐该餐馆的理由（菜肴品种多，低脂高营养且美味，环境优雅有中国特色，且价格合理等）；
注意：
（1）写作词数为80左右；
（2）请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：营养nutrition；脂肪fat
________
38. 阅读下面材料，根据所给内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The bird must have only just been hatched （孵化） when I spot it.Its mother had disappeared，leaving it alone and shivering in the face of the north wind.I decided to take it straight back and build it a new home.
I hung an empty flowerpot （花盆） and it was in this pot that the bird was to have its new home.When Dad got home，he immediately discovered the new addition to our family.Without saying a word，he turned around and left the house.After some time，he returned and I saw that he had a handful of grass and pine needles.Obviously，Dad thought the nest I had made was far too rough and so he had decided to decorate it himself.
"A bird born at this time of year won't survive the winter." In spite of this prediction on the bird's future，Dad very carefully fashioned the nest himself.Soon I found "NuoNuo" （Dad had named him） had started to grow feathers.
Dad probably realized that he had been a little cruel in his prediction.You see，he had already started training Nuo Nuo to walk.As you know，Nuo Nuo lived in a flowerpot，not a cage or anything.It was obvious that Nuo Nuo didn't realize he was a bird.He perhaps thinks he was one of the family.But it is not enough for a bird to walk，it must fly as well.Dad soon began attempting to make him learn this new ability，but it was not an easy task.After all，nobody in our family had mastered the art of flying.We didn't even have wings.How could we ask Nuo Nuo to do something that we had no means of doing ourselves？
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The flying lessons went on regardless.
________
Gradually，this "stupid" action of Dad's did actually have an effect.
________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文La Sagrada Familia部分中的关键句The church is expected to be completed in 2026，exactly 100 years after the architect's death. （该教堂预计2026年完成，正好是教堂的建筑师去世百年后。）及Once finished，it will be the tallest church in Europe at 566 feet. （一旦完工，它将高达566英尺，成为欧洲最高的教堂。）可知该景点还在建设中，完工之后会成为欧洲的奇观。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。由本文Clergy-baked Treats部分中的关键句At Monasterio Del Corpus Christi in Madrid，ring a bell labeled "monjas" and you can place your order for cookies baked by cloistered nuns"（在马德里的 Monasterio Del Corpus Christi 按一下贴有"monjas"标签的响铃，你就能订购由隐居的修女烘焙的饼干。）可知在此地可以品尝到隐居的修女制作的饼干。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。由本文Barri Gòtic部分中的。Perhaps Barcelona's most mysterious section is its Gothic Quarter，Barri Gòtic.Simply getting lost in its winding streets is worth exploring，with hidden shops，artwork of saints，and lovely lampposts at every turn.On Carrer del Bisbe，you'll find one of Barri Gòtic's most photographed sites-Bishop's Bridge.Under the passageway is a skull and dagger design that has many legends attached to it.（也许巴塞罗那最神秘的部分是它的Gothic Quarter，Barri Gòtic.在蜿蜒的街道上迷路是值得探索的，隐藏的商店，圣徒的艺术品，以及每一个转弯处可爱的灯柱。在Carrer del Bisbe，你会发现Barri Gåtic's照片最多的地点之一Bishop's Bridge。通道下面是一个骷髅和匕首的设计，上面有许多传说它。）可知该处是一个神秘的地方，适合那些愿意探险的人。故选D。
这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了巴塞罗那和马德里一些迷人的景点。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
4~7.【答案】D、B、C、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段As a child growing up in a suburban town in the Northeast of the United States，the arrival of spring had little meaning for me.（作为一个在美国东北部郊区小镇长大的孩子，春天的到来对我来说没什么意义。）可知，春天几乎没有给他作者留下好印象。因此D．It hardly left a good impression on him.（这很难给他留下好印象。）符合题意。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段I had been in Beijing for about three months when my first Spring Festival rolled around，and it could hardly be ignored.Aside from the random bursts of fireworks at any time day or night，what stood out most for me was that the capital seemed to be empty. （当我第一个春节到来时，我已经在北京待了大约三个月了，这个春节几乎不能被忽视。除了白天或晚上任何时候随机爆发的烟花，最让我印象深刻的是首都似乎空荡荡的。）和第五段It was as though the crowds and streams of cars and trucks commonly seen in the capital had all gone into hiding. （似乎在首都常见的人群和川流不息的汽车和卡车都躲起来了。）可知，春节期间的北京给作者印象最深的是意想不到的安静。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段I can't begin to figure out how the ancient Chinese could create a system that would almost always accurately predict when the season would shift year after year after year.But they did. （我不明白古代中国人是如何创造出一个几乎总是能准确预测年复一年季节变化时间的系统的。但他们做到了。）可推断，作者感觉中国古代创造的系统太棒了。A．Adorable.可爱的；B．Confused.困惑的；C．Wonderful.美好的；D．Convenient.方便的。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段I also got my first knowledge of something about Spring Festival that never ceases to amaze me.Regardless of when the holiday is set to begin，there is an almost immediate and sudden change for the better in the weather.Spring really does arrive. （我也第一次知道了一些关于春节的事情，这一直让我感到惊讶。不管假期什么时候开始，天气都会立即突然好转。春天真的来了。）可推断，在中国春节总是预示着春天的到来。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要论述了作者小时候认为春天很无聊，后来，来到中国，看到春节期间中国的传统，对中国的传统文化产生了钦佩之心。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】B、C、A、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文第一自然段中的关键句This is the runner's high — the strange excitement that sets in after a long bout of aerobic（有氧的）exercise.（这就是跑步者的高潮---在长时间的有氧运动后产生的奇怪的兴奋。）可知跑步高潮带来的直接结果就是心态乐观积极。故选B。
（2）词句猜测题。由本文第二自然段中的关键句The most obvious way to get a runner's high is to start running，particularly long-distance running.（获得跑步高潮最明显的方法就是开始跑步，尤其是长跑。）可知，跑步会引发跑步高潮。以及第三自然段Other aerobic activities，including biking，swimming and strenuous hiking，can trigger the same response without necessarily forcing you to pound the pavement.（其他有氧运动，包括骑自行车、游泳和剧烈的徒步旅行，也能_______同样的反应，而不必强迫你走路。）可知其他有氧运动也可以引发跑步高潮。由此判断，划线单词意为"诱发、引起"。A.Break down抛锚，崩溃；B.Relate to涉及，相关；C.Set off出发，引起；D.Add to增加。故选C。
（3）段落大意题。由本文第四自然段的内容Interestingly，humans aren't the only animals that have exhibited signs of runner's high.Several experiments have observed a similar phenomenon in mice.Raichlen's lab has also tested dogs and ferrets （雪貂） by sticking them on a treadmill （跑步机） and looking for exercise-induced excitement，according to research published in the Journal of Experimental Biology.After 30 minutes of running，the dogs appeared at-ease；blood tests revealed elevated levels of endocannabinoids in their systems. "We didn't see that in the ferrets，" Raichlen said.（有趣的是，人类并不是唯一表现出跑步者兴奋症状的动物。一些实验在老鼠身上也观察到了类似的现象。根据发表在《实验生物学杂志》上的研究，瑞奇伦的实验室还对狗和雪貂进行了测试，把它们放在跑步机上，寻找运动引起的兴奋。在30分钟的跑步后，狗狗表现得很放松；血液测试显示它们体内的内源性大麻素水平升高。"我们在雪貂身上没有看到这种情况，"瑞奇伦说。）可知本段主要讲述了有些动物也会在运动后出现运动高潮。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。由本文最后一自然段中的关键句So go ahead and lace up your shoes.You're free to chase that runner's high as far as it takes you. （所以去吧，系上鞋带。你可以随心所欲地追逐跑步者的快感。）可推断，作者非常赞同跑步。故选A。
本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种现象，名为"跑步高潮"。这种现象出现在人们进行有氧运动之后，对人的身心都有益。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
12~15.【答案】A、D、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Williams-Guillen found a pliable plastic material to mimic （仿造） the shell of real eggs.She and colleagues then used a 3 D printer to produce the fakes of the same size，weight，and texture and put the smallest GPS tracking devices inside each.（Williams-Guillen发现了一种柔韧的塑料材料，可以仿造真实蛋的外壳。然后，她和同事们用3 D打印机打印出了大小、重量和质地相同的赝品，并把最小的GPS跟踪设备放在每个赝品里面。）可知，研究人员制作了假蛋，并将假蛋放到了海龟巢中。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段By understanding that chain，Williams-Guillen says researchers can identify trading hot spots.She emphasizes that the tracker is not a way to catch local thieves，many of them living in poverty，but a tool to better understand their routes，which could help them — and eventually law enforcement — identify larger players in the chain.（Williams-Guillen说，通过了解这一链条，研究人员可以确定交易热点。她强调，追踪器不是用来抓当地小偷的，他们中的许多人生活在贫困中，而是一种更好地了解他们路线的工具，这可以帮助他们——最终帮助执法部门——识别链条中更大的参与者）可知，研究人员追踪海龟蛋的去向是为了确定交易地点和抓到最大的幕后参与者。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Ultimately，though，scientists and nonprofits are going to engage communities with local outreach and education programs to save sea turtles.（不过，科学家和非营利组织最终将通过当地的宣传和教育项目与社区接触，以拯救海龟。）可推知，她认为拯救海龟需要共同的努力。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Conservation scientist Kim Williams-Guillen was trying her best to come up with a way to save endangered sea turtles（海龟）from egg thieves when she had an "aha" moment：If she placed a fake（假）egg containing a GPS tracker in the reptiles' nests，she might be able to track the thieves. （自然保护科学家Kim Williams-Guillen正在努力想办法从偷蛋贼手中拯救濒危的海龟，这时她突然灵光一现：如果她在爬行动物的巢穴里放一个装有GPS追踪器的假蛋，她可能就能追踪到小偷）及全文可知，文章主要讲述了自然保护科学家们希望能够通过GPS来追踪偷蛋贼，从而保护濒危的海龟。由此可知，"GPS eggs helps to save endangered sea turtles（GPS蛋有助于拯救濒危海龟）"作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然保护科学家们为了想办法从偷蛋贼手中拯救濒危的海龟，在海龟的巢穴里放一个装有GPS追踪器的假蛋，从而追踪到偷盗海龟蛋的产业链。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】F、D、C、E、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据前文Participating in class especially speaking up can not only improve your grade but also show your teacher that you are a good student.（参与课堂，特别是发言，不仅可以提高你的成绩，还可以向你的老师展示你是一个好学生。）以及后文Your teacher will likely approve of the effort you are putting in.（你的老师很可能会认可你所付出的努力。）可知，空处是一个过渡句，由前文讲在课堂发言的好处，过渡到老师的看法，所以F项"大声说出来表明你关心这门课，对材料感兴趣"符合语境。故选F项。
（2）推理判断题。根据本段小标题Relax（放松）以及后文More likely than not，other students will think you are brave and smart for participating.（更有可能的是，其他学生会认为你的参与是勇敢和聪明的。）可知，推知空处应是其他同学另一种做法，和后文比较，所以D项"当然，所有人的目光都在你身上，但只有一两分钟"符合语境，本句也点出紧张的原因，和小标题相呼应。故选D项。
（3）推理判断题。根据前文When you have something to say，speak as clearly and concisely as possible.Don't mumble or look at the floor while you are talking.（当你有话要说的时候，尽量说得清楚简洁。说话时不要喃喃自语或看着地板。）和下文Don't be cocky or condescending，just be confident.（不要骄傲或居高临下，要自信。）推知，空处也是发言时需要注意的地方，所以C项"直接称呼老师（或学生）"，也是需要注意的点，符合语境。故选C项。
（4）归纳总结题。分空处位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文If something is confusing to you，ask about it.This pertains to questions you may have written down while doing your homework as well as to material that is new to that day's class.Other students are likely wondering the same thing you are.（如果有什么事情让你感到困惑，就去问问。这既适用于你在做作业时写下的问题，也适用于当天课堂上的新内容。其他学生可能也在想和你一样的事情。）可知，前文是在讲问老师问题，由此推知，空处陈述老师对这种情况的反应。所以E项"老师很乐意花几分钟时间澄清问题"符合语境。故选E项。
（5）段落标题题。分析设空可知，空处是本段小标题，根据后文Don't try to answer every question or give an opinion on every topic.At the same time，don't think that answering one question the entire semester or year is going to cut it.Aim to speak up once or twice per class session.However，don't just speak to speak.Make sure you have something relevant to say.（不要试图回答每个问题或对每个话题都发表意见。与此同时，不要认为回答一个问题就能解决整个学期或一年的问题。力争每节课发言一到两次。然而，不要只是为了发言而发言。而是确保你有相关的内容要说。）可知，本段主要是说在总是发言和不发言间要找到平衡点，所以A项"找到平衡"符合语境。故选A项。
本文是说明文。主要介绍了一些在课堂上发言的技巧。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、A、D、D、C、C、A、B、C、B、A、C、D、D、A
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.promise承诺；B.sign标志；C.guideline指导方针；D.exposure曝光。句意：这个标志引起了我的注意，让我想起了儿时的梦想。根据上文""New Recruits Wanted.""可知，这是一个标志。故选B。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.quickly快速地；B.accurately准确地；C.fundamentally从根本上；D.originally最初。句意：但是，很快，我提醒自己，我已经快60岁了。根据下文"I reminded myself that I was getting close to sixty"可知，很快，作者提醒自己，作者已经快60岁了。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.diagram图表；B.memory记忆；C.appointment约会；D.application申请表。句意：犹豫了一会儿，我终于进了大厅，填了一份申请表。根据上文"New Recruits Wanted"和"filled out"可知，作者是去填了一份申请表。故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.written写；B.promoted促进；C.described描述；D.filmed拍摄电影。句意：我成为一名消防员的梦想始于我看电视节目《营救8号》，这部电视节目是由洛杉矶消防局合作拍摄的。根据上文"television show"可知，这部电视节目是由洛杉矶消防局合作拍摄的。故选D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.rescue救；B.treasure珍爱；C.raise养育；D.build修建。句意：不幸的是，建筑行业的工作和养家糊口阻碍了他在当地消防部门的工作。根据下文"got in the way of working for the local fire department"可知，建筑行业的工作和养家糊口阻碍了他在当地消防部门的工作。故选C。
（6）考查固定短语及语境理解。A.in case of万一；B.in favor of赞成；C.in anticipation of在预期中；D.in search of寻找。句意：现在，由于即将退休，我和妻子搬到了西雅图附近一个美丽的村庄。根据上文"close to sixty"可知，他即将退休，空格处意为"在预期中"。故选C。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.training训练；B.performing表演；C.working工作；D.advertising打广告。句意：令我高兴的是，我被接受参加培训。根据下文"I was the oldest recruit"可知，作者被接受参加培训。故选A。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.crucial至关重要的；B.intense严肃紧张的；C.simple简单；D.helpful有帮助的。句意：是的，我是年龄最大的新人，训练太紧张了，以至于有一天我都准备退学了。根据下文"I was ready to drop out one day"可知，训练太紧张了。故选B。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.gradually逐渐；B.regularly定期地；C.barely几乎不；D.particularly非常，尤其。句意：我正要说我再也做不下去了，这时他递给我一本插图精美的书，书中讲述了消防员的行动，书中个性化的激励信息鼓励我追随自己的梦想。根据上文"I was ready to drop out one day"可知，句子表示"我正要说我再也做不下去了，这时他递给我一本插图精美的书"，空格处意为"几乎不"，故选C。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.surprise惊讶；B.action行动；C.debt债；D.return回来，返回。句意：我正要说我再也做不下去了，这时他递给我一本插图精美的书，书中讲述了消防员的行动，书中个性化的激励信息鼓励我追随自己的梦想。根据下文"with a personalized message of inspiration，encouraging me to follow my dream"可知，他递给作者一本插图精美的书，书中讲述了消防员的行动。故选B。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.pages页面；B.tips指点，诀窍，建议；C.speeches演讲；D.indications指示。句意：当我翻看这些书时，我对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶。根据上文"a beautifully-illustrated book"可知，当作者翻看这些书时，作者对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶，空格处意为"页面"。故选A。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.judges法官；B.colleagues同事；C.individuals个人；D.assistants助理。句意：当我翻看这些书时，我对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶。根据上文"a beautifully-illustrated book of firefighters"可知，作者对这些勇敢的人的勇气和奉献精神感到惊讶，空格处意为"个人"。故选C。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.time时间；B.sense感觉；C.fantacy幻想；D.focus焦点，专注。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，训练仍然很艰苦，但我再也没有失去注意力。根据下文"I lost twenty pounds，but eventually I was certificated as a firefighter"可知，作者专心训练，也就是没有失去注意力。故选D。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.control控制；B.organize组织；C.represent代表；D.serve服务。句意：现在我可以开红色的消防车为我的社区服务了。根据上文"I can drive the big red trucks"可知，现在作者可以开红色的消防车为社区服务了。故选D。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.pursuing追求；B.shifting转变；C.creating创造；D.recalling回想起。句意：当我的大多数朋友都退休了，我却在追求自己喜欢的新事业。根据下文"a new career I love"可知，作者追求自己喜欢的新事业。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在快要到60岁的时候追求理想，最终通过艰苦的训练，作者成为了一名消防员。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】known
【小题2】usually
【小题3】farming
【小题4】that/which
【小题5】appearance
【小题6】will be
【小题7】to
【小题8】busiest
【小题9】is considered
【小题10】the
【解析】（1）考查过去分词。句意：欢迎来到被称为"惊蛰"的时节，或者"昆虫苏醒的季节"。分析题干可知，句中已有谓语动词"Welcome"，故空处需要填非谓语动词，"a season"和"know"之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
（2）考查副词。句意：通常3月5日惊蛰来临，它是中国农历的节气之一，用来指导中国古代人们的日常生活和农耕。根据"Falling on"可知，此处需要用副词修饰动词，故填usually。
（3）考查不可数名词。句意：通常3月5日惊蛰来临，它是中国农历的节气之一，用来指导中国古代人们的日常生活和农耕。根据" daily lives and"可知，此处需要填名词。farming作名词，表示"农业"符合句意，为不可数名词。故填farming。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：中国典籍记录了一段时间，在这段时间里春雷惊醒了冬眠的昆虫。分析句子成分可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词是"insects"，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
（5）考查可数名词的单数。句意：它们破土而出，许多其他生物也在一年里首次亮相。根据"their first"可知，此处需要填名词。表示"第一次亮相"，所以用名词单数。故填appearance。
（6）考查动词时态。句意：不久之后，桃花将盛开，黄鹂鸟将站在枝头高歌。分析句子成分可知，句中缺谓语动词，根据"Soon"可知用一般将来时。故填will be。
（7）考查介词。句意：中国农民非常重视惊蛰，因为它意味着春耕开始，这是农田里最忙的时节之一。attach great importance to sth固定短语，表示"重视某事"符合句意。故填to。
（8）考查形容词。句意：中国农民非常重视惊蛰，因为它意味着春耕开始，这是农田里最忙的时节之一。根据"times"可知，此处需要用形容词修饰名词，one of the +形容词最高级+名词表示"最……的事物之一"符合句意。故填busiest。
（9）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：对于农业，春季是最重要的季节。分析句子成分可知，句中缺谓语动词，陈述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语"Spring"和"consider"之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填 is considered。
（10）考查冠词。句意：在一年之初，农民耕作土地，给农作物最好的环境和更多的营养。At the beginning of表示"在……开始，起初"符合句意。故填the。
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了惊蛰这一节气的具体情况及其重要性。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear Tom，
Knowing that you are interested in Chinese food culture，I'm more than glad to invite you to a newly-opened Chinese restaurant near my school this weekend.（写邮件的目的）
As far as I know，this restaurant offers varieties of dishes rich in nutrition and low in fat，which is of great benefit to health.【高分句型一】However，what impresses customers most is its elegant environment，featuring typical Chinese elements.【高分句型二】Of course，the prices are also reasonable.（推荐该餐馆的理由）
Undoubtedly，you are bound to be fascinated by the new restaurant，where you can not only have a taste of Chinese food，but appreciate Chinese culture as well.Looking forward to your reply.（期盼）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：As far as I know，this restaurant offers varieties of dishes rich in nutrition and low in fat，which is of great benefit to health.
翻译：据我所知，这家餐厅提供各种营养丰富、低脂肪的菜肴，对健康非常有益。
分析：本句运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：However，what impresses customers most is its elegant environment，featuring typical Chinese elements.
翻译：然而，最让顾客印象深刻的是它优雅的环境，具有典型的中国元素。
分析：本句运用了what引导的主语从句。
这是一篇书信类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】The flying lessons went on regardless.One day，Dad took out a chair and climb on it.While I was curious what he was doing，Dad jumped off the chair，waving his arms as if his life depended on it，in an attempt to encourage Nuo Nuo to shake his wings like him.【高分句型一】Funny and clumsy as my dad looked，he tried hard in the hope that Nuo Nuo would understand his intention.【高分句型二】Nuo Nuo looked at him in surprise，seemingly wondering what happened.（描写作者的父亲教小鸟飞行）
Gradually，this "stupid" action of Dad's did actually have an effect.NuoNuo began to shake his wings and started to rise.Everything is hard at the beginning.At first it kept falling.Slowly it began to fly.After a few days of practice，Nuo Nuo managed to fly and he survived the winter as well.This is life.As long as we are determined and don't let difficulties get in our way，anything is possible-there's no end to where our determination can take us.（描写小鸟慢慢学会了飞行）
【解析】本文以动物为线索展开，讲述了作者带回一只孤单的小鸟，并且和家人一起悉心照顾小鸟，教它飞翔的故事。
高分句型一：While I was curious what he was doing，Dad jumped off the chair，waving his arms as if his life depended on it，in an attempt to encourage Nuo Nuo to shake his wings like him.
翻译：当我好奇他在做什么时，爸爸从椅子上跳了下来，挥舞着他的手臂，好像他的生命依赖于它，试图鼓励诺诺像他一样抖动他的翅膀。
分析：本句运用了while引导的时间状语从句和as if引导的条件状语从句。
高分句型二：Funny and clumsy as my dad looked，he tried hard in the hope that Nuo Nuo would understand his intention.
翻译：爸爸看起来既滑稽又笨拙，但他很努力，希望诺诺能理解他的意图。
分析：本句运用了as引导的让步状语从句和that引导的同位语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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