A
In the early part f the twentieth century, racism (种族歧视) was widespread in the United States. Many African Americans were nt given equal pprtunities in educatin r emplyment. Marian Andersn (18971993) was an African American wman wh gained fame as a cncert singer in this climate f racism. She was brn in Philadelphia and sang in church chirs during her childhd. When she asked fr admissin t a lcal music schl in 1917, she was refused because she was black. Unable t attend music schl, she began her career as a singer fr religius activities. In 1929, she went t Eurpe t study vice and spent several years perfrming there. Her vice was widely praised thrughut Eurpe. Then she returned t the US in 1935 and became a tp cncert singer after perfrming at Twn Hall in New Yrk City.
Racism again affected Andersn in 1939. When it was arranged t sing at Cnstitutin Hall in Washingtn D．C., the Daughters f the American Revlutin ppsed (反对) it because f her clr. She sang instead at the Lincln Memrial fr ver 75，000 peple. In 1955, Andersn became the first black slist (独唱) t sing in the Metrplitan Opera f New Yrk City. The famus cnductr Tscanini praised her vice as “heard nly nce in a hundred years”. She was a US delegate (代表) t the United Natins in 1958 and wn the UN peace prize in 1977. Andersn eventually triumphed ver racism.
1．Accrding t this passage, what did Marian Andersn d between 1917 and 1929?
A．She studied at a music schl.
B．She sang fr religius activities.
C．She sang at Twn Hall in New Yrk.
D．She studied vice in Eurpe.
2．Tscanini thught that Marian Andersn ________．
A．had a very rare (稀有的) vice
B．sang ccasinally in public
C．sang nly nce in many years
D．was seldm heard by peple
3．Andersn's beautiful vice was first recgnized ________．
A．at the Lincln Memrial
B．in Washingtn D．C.
C．in Eurpe
D．at the United Natins
4．This passage shws that Andersn finally defeated racism in the US by ________．
A．ppsing the gvernment
B．wrking fr the United Natins
C．singing in the streets
D．wrking hard t perfect her art
B
One thing that seems t hld a lt f peple back frm setting and achieving big gals is the need fr security (安全). Security is a feeling f certainty that everything is OK and that all yur basic needs will be prvided fr. On the surface there's nthing wrng with that. It's great t feel secure. Abraham Maslw lists it as ne f the basic human needs. If we dn't feel secure, we can't mve nt higher levels like lve and achievement. If we have dubts abut paying the rent at the end f the mnth, hw can we pssibly g after ur really big dreams?
S hw is it that sme peple are able t start a new business while cmpletely brke? D business risk takers simply have a lwer need fr security?
If yu read the stries f very successful peple, yu see a cmmn pattern (模式) again and again—frm an external (外部的) pint f view, mst f these peple were nt in a secure situatin when they started ging after their dreams. Sylvester Stallne was s brke that he had t sell his dg. Tny Rbbins did his dishes in his bathrm because his small apartment had n kitchen. Brian Tracy was a day labrer. Og Mandin was a hmeless drunk wh went int libraries t stay warm. While sme successful peple start ut with a lt f advantages, mst dn't.
Meanwhile, hw is it that thers wh seem t be in a far mre secure situatin are paralyzed frm taking actin? Peple wh have sme mney in the bank, a nice hme, and a highlypaid jb still dn't feel secure. Meanwhile, thers with far wrse starting psitins pass them by. Why?
The reasn isn't that sme peple need security mre than thers. I think everyne needs t feel secure. The difference, hwever, is that the successful risk takers define security internally (内部地) while thers define security externally.
5．What's the first paragraph mainly abut?
A．The imprtance f security.
B．The ways t achieve security.
C．The different kinds f security.
D．The advantages f having security.
6．The examples in Paragraph 3 shw that many successful peple ________．
A．had a lw need fr security
B．culd get security very easily
C．started frm a disadvantaged situatin
D．went thrugh difficulties n the rad t success
7．Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “paralyzed” in Paragraph 4?
A．Prevented. B．Expected.
C．Prtected. D．Encuraged.
8．Hw are thse successful peple different frm cmmn peple in terms f security?
A．The way they achieve it.
B．The way they understand it.
C．The degree t which they feel it.
D．The degree t which they need it.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Mst f us lead a busy life. __1__ We think, “If I reached my gal, then I wuld be happy.” r “If I culd get a better jb, then I wuld enjy life.” But why nt enjy life right nw?
Firstly, take time t ntice and appreciate the beauty in yur wn surrundings (环境). __2__ “There is a great big wrld f wnder and beauty arund us！” And as Brdersen explains, “Lk fr the beauty f the sunrise and f a friend's smile that brightens yur day. Open yur eyes t see the beauty yu might nt nrmally see. Ding s helps t cheer yu up.”
Secndly, taking time t experience sme simple pleasures als can bring jy t yur heart and reduce yur stress. Take me fr example. __3__ One universal simple pleasure is finding things that make yu laugh. Make time t laugh every day.
Thirdly, dn't take yur family and friends fr granted. Rich, rewarding relatinships add greatly t the enjyment f life. When yu think f smene, why nt call, email r write then? __4__ As Wayne Lawtn explains, “Invest (投入) time in relatinships. Remve the attitude, what's in it fr me? Happiness is fund in putting ther's interests, desires and cncerns ahead f ur wn whenever pssible. Selfishness (自私) is a deadend street.”__5__
A．Discver the beauty in nature.
B．S please treasure relatinship.
C．Yu dn't need t travel far t find beauty.
D．Driven by the “urgent”， we frget t enjy life.
E．In my spare time, I enjy cllecting stamps and reading nvels.
F．A shrt email r phne call can make a wrld f difference t smene.
G．I delight in simple things like my favrite tea drink, a bubble bath r family phts.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Many students may feel stressed because f their parents. Mst parents have gd intentins, 1.________ sme f them are nt very helpful with the prblems their sns and daughters have in 2.________ (adjust) t cllege, and a few f them seem t g ut f their way t add t their children's 3.________ (difficulty).
Fr ne thing, parents are ften nt aware f (意识到) the kinds f prblems their 4.________ (child) face. They dn't realize that the 5.________ (cmpete) is strnger, that the required standards f wrk are 6.________ (high), and that their children may nt be prepared fr 7.________ change. They may be upset by their children's pr grades. At their kindest, they may 8.________ (gentle) ask why Jhn r Mary isn't ding better, whether he r she is trying as hard as he r she shuld, and s n. At their wrst, they may threaten 9.________ (take) children ut f cllege r cut ff living expenses.
Smetimes parents think it right and natural that they determine 10.________ their children d with their lives. They frget that everyne is different and that each persn must develp in his r her wn way.
课时作业(五)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
【语篇解读】本文介绍了美国黑人歌唱家玛丽安·安德生如何凭着自身实力和勤奋战胜了种族歧视，获得了事业上的成功。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段“Unable t attend music schl, she began her career as a singer fr religius activities.”可知在1917年到1929年之间Andersn为宗教活动唱歌。选B。
2．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。由第二段“The famus cnductr Tscanini praised her vice as ‘heard nly nce in a hundred years’．”可知Tscanini说她的嗓音是百年难得一见的，所以是稀少的，故选A。
3．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二、三句“ went t thrughut Eurpe.”可知她的美妙的声音一开始是在欧洲被认可的。选C。
4．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。由文章主旨可知，Andersn凭着认真工作使得她的艺术日臻完善，借此击败种族歧视。选D。
【语篇解读】本文是议论文。安全感是一种人类与生俱来的需求，可是，成功人士与普通人对安全感的定义并不相同。
5．答案与解析：A 段落大意题。第一段虽然也涉及安全感的定义，但是主要是说明安全感对我们的重要性。作者先指出安全感是“ne f the basic human needs”，接下来又做出两种假设，来说明缺乏安全感的后果。因此A项正确。
6．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。由第三段可知，作者列举的都是一些成功人士，他们在刚开始都是穷困潦倒或处境艰难，由此判断C项正确。
7．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。上文提到那些成功人士往往起步时处境极其艰难。根据下文可知，那些经济富足、处境优越的人依然感到不安全，也就是说他们不愿意采取行动去冒险，故A项正确。
8．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，那些成功的冒险者在内部定义安全感，而普通人则在外部定义安全感。这也是这两类人在安全感方面最大的区别，因此B项正确。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
1．答案与解析：D 上下文串联。根据上一句“Mst f us lead a busy life.”说明很多人都忙于生活，故D项内容我们忙于琐事，却忘记了享受生活。符合上下文的串联。故选D。
2．答案与解析：C 理解判断题。根据下句“There is a great big wrld f wnder and beauty arund us！”说明在我们的身边就有很多美丽的风景，所以你不必要去和很远的地方找风景。C项：Yu dn't need t travel far t find beauty.你不需要走很远就能找到美。与上下文是贴切的，故选C。
3．答案与解析：G 联系上文题。根据上一句“takingtime t experience sme simplepleasures als can bring jy t yur heart andease yur stress.”说明要从简单的事情中得到快乐，如喝一杯喜欢的茶、泡一次澡、或看家庭照片等。G项：I delight in simple things like my favrite tea drink, a bubble bath r family phts.(我喜欢简单的东西，比如我最喜欢的茶饮料、泡泡浴或家庭照片)与之相符。故选G。
4．答案与解析：F 语境辨析题。根据上一句“When yu think f smene, why nt call, email r write them？”说明有时候电话或者发个邮件都会有很好的作用，故F项：A shrt email r phne call can make a wrld f difference t smene.一封简短的电子邮件或电话会给人带来不同的世界。与之相符，故选F。
5．答案与解析：B 文章衔接题。根据上句“Investtime in relatinships”．说明我们要在相互的关系上投入更多的时间，要珍惜我们的友谊。B项：S please treasure relatinship.所以请珍惜这段关系。符合文意，故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
1．but/yet 2.adjusting 3.difficulties 4.children 5.cmpetitin
6．higher 7.the 8.gently 9.t take 10.what