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2023年全国统一高考英语试卷（新高考Ⅰ卷）-教师用卷
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这是一份2023年全国统一高考英语试卷（新高考Ⅰ卷）-教师用卷，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达，任务型读写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年全国统一高考英语试卷（新高考Ⅰ卷）
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
总分
得分
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children's bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears
Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour
€7.50
€5.00
3 hours
€11.00
€7.50
1 day (24 hours)
€14.75
€9.75
Each additional day
€8.00
€6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1: 00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
1. What is an advantage of MacBike?
A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?
A. €15.75. B. €19.50. C. €22.75. D. €29.50.
3. Where does the guided city tour start?
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
【答案】B、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。
1. 根据第二段中的We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety...and children's bikes.（我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车。）可知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。
2. 根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
3. 根据文章最后一段中的The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day.（旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始。）可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。
B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse—like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
"Ecological design" is the name John gives to what he does. "Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor," he says. "You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair."
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
6. What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John's research plans.
B. To show an application of Johnˈs idea.
C. To compare John's different jobs.
D. To erase doubts about John's invention.
7. What is the basis for John's work?
A. Nature can repair itself.
B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse.
D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【答案】C、D、B、A
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
1. 根据第一段内容（当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱。）以及第二段中的After studying agriculture, ...Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?（在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？）可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
2. 根据第三段中的After a few weeks, John added the sludge.（几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去。）以及倒数第三段中的He was amazed at the results...and all that was left was pure water.（他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水。）可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
3. 根据倒数第二段内容（这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。）可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
4. 根据最后一段中的You put organisms in new relationships...develop their own ways to self-repair.（你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式。）可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
C
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participantsˈ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.
8. What is the book aimed at?
A. Teaching critical thinking skills.
B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems.
D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
9. What does the underlined word "declutter" in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
10. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?
A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.
11. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?
A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
【答案】B、A、C、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数字生活方式。
1. 根据文章第一段中的The goal of this book is to...if you decide itˈs right for you.（这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学。）可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。
2. 根据划线词下文中的This process requires you to...you value.（这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动。）可推知，划线词”declutter“的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选A。
3. 通过文章第四段中的In the final chapter of part one,...to perform a digital declutter.（在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您进行自己的数字清理。在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字清理。）可推知，第一部分的最后一章介绍了实验与数字清理的实际例子。故选C。
4. 通过最后一段中的You can view these practices...that words for your particular circumstances.（你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式。）可推知，作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践。故选A。
D
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the "wisdom of crowds" effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren't always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won't cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people's errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn't the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they "shared arguments and reasoned together." Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
12. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?
A. The methods of estimation.
B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of peopleˈs errors.
D. The design of Galtonˈs experiment.
13. Navajas' study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ______.
A. the crowds were relatively small
B. there were occasional underestimates
C. individuals did not communicate
D. estimates were not fully independent
14. What did the follow-up study focus on?
A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members.
C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates.
15. What is the author's attitude toward Navajas' studies?
A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.
【答案】B、D、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。没有人是一座孤岛，文章陈述了“群体智慧”效应。实验表明，在某些情况下大量独立估计的平均值可能是相当准确的。
1. 根据第二段内容 (这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，或者低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生更准确的估计。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会下降。)可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的估计，讨论了独立估计的平均如何由于误差的消除而导致更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。
2. 根据第二段中的In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent.（从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。）和第三段中的The key finding of the study was that…from 20 independent individuals.（这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确。）可知，人们在没有独立的情况下，分成更小群体，平均值是更准确的，说明即使在估计数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。故选D。
3. 根据第四段的In a follow-up study with 100 university students…Did they follow those least willing to change their minds?（在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的估计最有信心的人？他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人吗？）可知，在后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。结合两个问题，因此可知后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。故选C。
4. 根据最后一段中的Although the studies...and decision-making are enormous.（尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。）可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D。
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. (16) You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading "Personal strengths." (17) Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don't have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading "Acts of kindness." On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. (18)
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. (19) That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It's something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. (20) We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
【答案】D、B、F、C、G
【解析】【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
1. 根据空前内容Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.（为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。）可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.（你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。）中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D（宽恕自己也同样重要。）与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
2. 根据空前内容In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading "Personal strengths." (在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。）以及空后内容Are you caring?...that you're proud of.（你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。）可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B（现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。）符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
3. 根据上文内容At the top of a second page...after the family had had a tiring day.（在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。）可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F（不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。）与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
4. 根据空后内容That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.（这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。）可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C（他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。）符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.（你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。）中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文In fact, donˈt wait until youˈve made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.（事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。）中的“this”一致。故选C。
5. 根据空前内容It's something of a cliché (陈词滥调)...The thing is, it's true.（大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。）可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G（不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。）符合语境，G项中的isn't a fixed aspect of your personality和空后内容We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.（我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。）保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have (21) the course earlier than she did. Her (22) came because she was carrying a (23) across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her (24) when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She (25) to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with (26) . She couldn't. Bailey then (27) to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get (28) attention.
Once there, Lenoue was (29) and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme (30) to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help.
As for Bailey, she is more (31) about why her act is considered a big (32) . "She was just crying. I couldn't (33) her," Bailey told the reporter. "I feel like I was just doing the right thing." Although the two young women were strangers before the (34) , they've since become friends. Neither won the race, but the (35) of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
【答案】D、A、D、A、C、B、D、A、B、B、C、D、A、C、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
1. 句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get (8) attention可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
2. 句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文Melanie Bailey should have (1) the course earlier than she did和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
3. 句意：她延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
4. 句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
5. 句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文to help her fellow runner可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
6. 句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文Bailey took her arm可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
7. 句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文let Lenoue climb onto her back可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
8. 句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文began crying in pain可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
9. 句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文later taken to a hospital可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
10. 句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的began crying in pain可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
11. 句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文I feel like I was just doing the right thing可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
12. 句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文I feel like I was just doing the right thing可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
13. 句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文She was just crying以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
14. 句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race及空前的the two young women were strangers before可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
15. 句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get (8) attention可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, (1) (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether (2) (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), (3) to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the (4) (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao's birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed (5) hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them (6) (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of (7) (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with (8) touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (9) (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left (10) (want) more next time.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
【答案】【小题1】
tasty
【小题2】
to bite
【小题3】
or
【小题4】
recognized
【小题5】
by
【小题6】
to be lifted
【小题7】
their
【小题8】
a
【小题9】
rarely
【小题10】
wanting
【解析】1. 句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。
2. 句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
3. 句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。
4. 句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填动词-ed形式recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
5. 句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。
6. 句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
7. 句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
8. 句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
9. 句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
10. 句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用动词的-ing形式。故填wanting。
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 说明问题；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
I'm Li Hua from Class 3.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ryan,
I'm Li Hua from Class 3. I think it's not a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training after class. The reasons are as follows.
To begin with, randomly pairing up students may lead to unbalanced language abilities within the groups. ①This can hinder the progress of students as the more advanced one may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve. ②Besides, students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don't get along with or have difficulty communicating with.
My suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners. This way, everyone can feel more comfortable practicing and improving their spoken English together.
Thank you for considering my suggestion.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】【思路点拨】
本文是一篇应用文，话题为假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件。写作时应注意词汇的选择和句式的准确使用，可适当添加一定的衔接词，以使行文连贯。
【结构布局】
引言：说明问题
中心：提出建议
结尾：表达感谢
【亮点词汇】
①to begin with首先，开始时
②get along with与......相处融洽
③have difficulty in doing sth.做某事有困难
【高分句型】
①This can hinder the progress of students as the more advanced one may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve.（动词的-ing形式作状语）
②Besides, Students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don't get along with or have difficulty communicating with.（省略句；who引导定语从句）
【拓展词汇】
①as far as sb. be concerned依某人来看
②give/offer sb. advice/tips/suggestions on sth.在某方面给某人建议
③be of some help to对……有所帮助
【拓展句型】
①You may as well/had better do ...你不妨/最好做……
②Only in this way will you ...只有用这种方式，你才能……
六、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
38. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.
So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: "Because I love your stories. If you're willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this." Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
I chose Paul Revere's horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18,1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse's mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else's choice.
What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere's horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.
When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, "Great. Now, write it again." I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn't win, I wouldn't care.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. I was so happy to hear the news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. "I knew you'd win! I am proud of you. You made it!" he said excitedly. Then came the big day. When I was invited to the stage to receive the award, I expressed my thanks to my teacher. I said, "It's you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher. Without your recognition and guidance, I couldn't have written this article. Again thank you very much!"
I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for me. Holding my hands, he said "Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing." "You know I didn't like writing before, but now I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good works." I said seriously. Since then, I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer. I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.
【解析】一、文意梳理
【原文大意】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者上中学的时候，社会学老师邀请作者参加一个写作比赛。作者不喜欢写作，于是想都没想就拒绝了。但是在老师的鼓励下，作者同意试一试。作者在写作过程中虽然很累，但是没有放弃，坚持下来了。在作者最终完成写作时，作者感到写作让他很快乐，他已经不在乎输赢了。
【段落续写】
①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了消息。”和第二段首句“颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。”可知，第一段可描写作者获得比赛一等奖，在颁奖典礼上作者表达了对社会老师的感激。
②由第二段首句内容“颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。”可知，第二段可描写老师鼓励作者继续写作，自此作者坚持写作取得了成功，作者将这一切归功于自己的老师。
二、线索厘清
【续写线索】
比赛消息传来——作者获奖——高兴——颁奖典礼感谢老师——颁奖后来到老师办公室——老师告诉作者坚持写作——作者表达了对写作的喜爱——作者写作取得了成功——感激老师
【词汇激活】
行为类
①告知：inform/tell
②成功做到：make it/succeed
③表达：express/convey
情绪类
①高兴的：happy/glad
②激动地：excitedly/with excitement
三、范文鉴赏
【高分句式】
①I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. （连接词that引导的宾语从句）
②It's you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher.（强调句）
③I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.（who引导的限制性定语从句）
2023年全国统一高考英语试卷（新高考Ⅰ卷）
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
总分
得分
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children's bikes.
Prices
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Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour
€7.50
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3 hours
€11.00
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1 day (24 hours)
€14.75
€9.75
Each additional day
€8.00
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Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1: 00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
1. What is an advantage of MacBike?
A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?
A. €15.75. B. €19.50. C. €22.75. D. €29.50.
3. Where does the guided city tour start?
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
【答案】B、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。
1. 根据第二段中的We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety...and children's bikes.（我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车。）可知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。
2. 根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
3. 根据文章最后一段中的The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day.（旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始。）可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。
B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse—like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
"Ecological design" is the name John gives to what he does. "Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor," he says. "You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair."
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
6. What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John's research plans.
B. To show an application of Johnˈs idea.
C. To compare John's different jobs.
D. To erase doubts about John's invention.
7. What is the basis for John's work?
A. Nature can repair itself.
B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse.
D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【答案】C、D、B、A
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
1. 根据第一段内容（当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱。）以及第二段中的After studying agriculture, ...Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?（在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？）可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
2. 根据第三段中的After a few weeks, John added the sludge.（几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去。）以及倒数第三段中的He was amazed at the results...and all that was left was pure water.（他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水。）可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
3. 根据倒数第二段内容（这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。）可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
4. 根据最后一段中的You put organisms in new relationships...develop their own ways to self-repair.（你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式。）可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
C
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participantsˈ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.
8. What is the book aimed at?
A. Teaching critical thinking skills.
B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems.
D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
9. What does the underlined word "declutter" in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
10. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?
A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.
11. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?
A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
【答案】B、A、C、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数字生活方式。
1. 根据文章第一段中的The goal of this book is to...if you decide itˈs right for you.（这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学。）可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。
2. 根据划线词下文中的This process requires you to...you value.（这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动。）可推知，划线词”declutter“的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选A。
3. 通过文章第四段中的In the final chapter of part one,...to perform a digital declutter.（在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您进行自己的数字清理。在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字清理。）可推知，第一部分的最后一章介绍了实验与数字清理的实际例子。故选C。
4. 通过最后一段中的You can view these practices...that words for your particular circumstances.（你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式。）可推知，作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践。故选A。
D
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the "wisdom of crowds" effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren't always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won't cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people's errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn't the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they "shared arguments and reasoned together." Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
12. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?
A. The methods of estimation.
B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of peopleˈs errors.
D. The design of Galtonˈs experiment.
13. Navajas' study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ______.
A. the crowds were relatively small
B. there were occasional underestimates
C. individuals did not communicate
D. estimates were not fully independent
14. What did the follow-up study focus on?
A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members.
C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates.
15. What is the author's attitude toward Navajas' studies?
A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.
【答案】B、D、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。没有人是一座孤岛，文章陈述了“群体智慧”效应。实验表明，在某些情况下大量独立估计的平均值可能是相当准确的。
1. 根据第二段内容 (这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，或者低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生更准确的估计。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会下降。)可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的估计，讨论了独立估计的平均如何由于误差的消除而导致更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。
2. 根据第二段中的In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent.（从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。）和第三段中的The key finding of the study was that…from 20 independent individuals.（这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准确。）可知，人们在没有独立的情况下，分成更小群体，平均值是更准确的，说明即使在估计数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。故选D。
3. 根据第四段的In a follow-up study with 100 university students…Did they follow those least willing to change their minds?（在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的估计最有信心的人？他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人吗？）可知，在后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。结合两个问题，因此可知后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。故选C。
4. 根据最后一段中的Although the studies...and decision-making are enormous.（尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。）可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D。
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. (16) You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading "Personal strengths." (17) Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don't have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading "Acts of kindness." On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. (18)
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. (19) That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It's something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. (20) We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
【答案】D、B、F、C、G
【解析】【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
1. 根据空前内容Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.（为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。）可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.（你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。）中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D（宽恕自己也同样重要。）与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
2. 根据空前内容In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading "Personal strengths." (在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。）以及空后内容Are you caring?...that you're proud of.（你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。）可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B（现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。）符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
3. 根据上文内容At the top of a second page...after the family had had a tiring day.（在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。）可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F（不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。）与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
4. 根据空后内容That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.（这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。）可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C（他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。）符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.（你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。）中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文In fact, donˈt wait until youˈve made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.（事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。）中的“this”一致。故选C。
5. 根据空前内容It's something of a cliché (陈词滥调)...The thing is, it's true.（大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。）可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G（不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。）符合语境，G项中的isn't a fixed aspect of your personality和空后内容We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.（我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。）保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have (21) the course earlier than she did. Her (22) came because she was carrying a (23) across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her (24) when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She (25) to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with (26) . She couldn't. Bailey then (27) to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get (28) attention.
Once there, Lenoue was (29) and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme (30) to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help.
As for Bailey, she is more (31) about why her act is considered a big (32) . "She was just crying. I couldn't (33) her," Bailey told the reporter. "I feel like I was just doing the right thing." Although the two young women were strangers before the (34) , they've since become friends. Neither won the race, but the (35) of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
【答案】D、A、D、A、C、B、D、A、B、B、C、D、A、C、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
1. 句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get (8) attention可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
2. 句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文Melanie Bailey should have (1) the course earlier than she did和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
3. 句意：她延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
4. 句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
5. 句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文to help her fellow runner可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
6. 句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文Bailey took her arm可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
7. 句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文let Lenoue climb onto her back可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
8. 句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文began crying in pain可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
9. 句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文later taken to a hospital可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
10. 句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的began crying in pain可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
11. 句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文I feel like I was just doing the right thing可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
12. 句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文I feel like I was just doing the right thing可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
13. 句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文She was just crying以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
14. 句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race及空前的the two young women were strangers before可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
15. 句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get (8) attention可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, (1) (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether (2) (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), (3) to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the (4) (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao's birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed (5) hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them (6) (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of (7) (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with (8) touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (9) (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left (10) (want) more next time.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
【答案】【小题1】
tasty
【小题2】
to bite
【小题3】
or
【小题4】
recognized
【小题5】
by
【小题6】
to be lifted
【小题7】
their
【小题8】
a
【小题9】
rarely
【小题10】
wanting
【解析】1. 句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。
2. 句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
3. 句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。
4. 句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填动词-ed形式recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
5. 句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。
6. 句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
7. 句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
8. 句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
9. 句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
10. 句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用动词的-ing形式。故填wanting。
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 说明问题；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
I'm Li Hua from Class 3.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ryan,
I'm Li Hua from Class 3. I think it's not a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training after class. The reasons are as follows.
To begin with, randomly pairing up students may lead to unbalanced language abilities within the groups. ①This can hinder the progress of students as the more advanced one may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve. ②Besides, students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don't get along with or have difficulty communicating with.
My suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners. This way, everyone can feel more comfortable practicing and improving their spoken English together.
Thank you for considering my suggestion.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】【思路点拨】
本文是一篇应用文，话题为假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件。写作时应注意词汇的选择和句式的准确使用，可适当添加一定的衔接词，以使行文连贯。
【结构布局】
引言：说明问题
中心：提出建议
结尾：表达感谢
【亮点词汇】
①to begin with首先，开始时
②get along with与......相处融洽
③have difficulty in doing sth.做某事有困难
【高分句型】
①This can hinder the progress of students as the more advanced one may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve.（动词的-ing形式作状语）
②Besides, Students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don't get along with or have difficulty communicating with.（省略句；who引导定语从句）
【拓展词汇】
①as far as sb. be concerned依某人来看
②give/offer sb. advice/tips/suggestions on sth.在某方面给某人建议
③be of some help to对……有所帮助
【拓展句型】
①You may as well/had better do ...你不妨/最好做……
②Only in this way will you ...只有用这种方式，你才能……
六、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
38. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.
So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: "Because I love your stories. If you're willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this." Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
I chose Paul Revere's horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18,1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse's mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else's choice.
What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere's horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.
When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, "Great. Now, write it again." I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn't win, I wouldn't care.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. I was so happy to hear the news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. "I knew you'd win! I am proud of you. You made it!" he said excitedly. Then came the big day. When I was invited to the stage to receive the award, I expressed my thanks to my teacher. I said, "It's you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher. Without your recognition and guidance, I couldn't have written this article. Again thank you very much!"
I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for me. Holding my hands, he said "Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing." "You know I didn't like writing before, but now I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good works." I said seriously. Since then, I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer. I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.
【解析】一、文意梳理
【原文大意】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者上中学的时候，社会学老师邀请作者参加一个写作比赛。作者不喜欢写作，于是想都没想就拒绝了。但是在老师的鼓励下，作者同意试一试。作者在写作过程中虽然很累，但是没有放弃，坚持下来了。在作者最终完成写作时，作者感到写作让他很快乐，他已经不在乎输赢了。
【段落续写】
①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了消息。”和第二段首句“颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。”可知，第一段可描写作者获得比赛一等奖，在颁奖典礼上作者表达了对社会老师的感激。
②由第二段首句内容“颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。”可知，第二段可描写老师鼓励作者继续写作，自此作者坚持写作取得了成功，作者将这一切归功于自己的老师。
二、线索厘清
【续写线索】
比赛消息传来——作者获奖——高兴——颁奖典礼感谢老师——颁奖后来到老师办公室——老师告诉作者坚持写作——作者表达了对写作的喜爱——作者写作取得了成功——感激老师
【词汇激活】
行为类
①告知：inform/tell
②成功做到：make it/succeed
③表达：express/convey
情绪类
①高兴的：happy/glad
②激动地：excitedly/with excitement
三、范文鉴赏
【高分句式】
①I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. （连接词that引导的宾语从句）
②It's you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher.（强调句）
③I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.（who引导的限制性定语从句）
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