资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩14页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：全套高二下学期期末考试英语试卷含答案
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（新高考）（山东版）含解析
展开
这是一份2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（新高考）（山东版）含解析，文件包含20222023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷新高考山东版笔试部分docx、20222023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷新高考山东版听力部分doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共22页， 欢迎下载使用。
按秘密级事项管理★启用前
2022—2023 学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（新高考）（山东版）
笔试
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Show Your Money Smarts Contest 2023
Show Your Money Smarts Contest aims to give the youth a jump start by equipping them with the power of knowledge to make sound financial choices.
Why Participate:
Learn how to use credit wisely in this year’s annual contest. Compete with other youths across the state of Michigan in this 30-question online challenge during the month of July and win prizes. Start developing a good credit score and history at a young age and learn how to make your credit work for you! Teachers, librarians and other youth development professionals can also win a $25 gift card if a youth they refer to the contest wins.
Who Should Participate:
Any youth between the ages of 13 and 19 across the state of Michigan.
When to Participate:
Register by July 13, 2023, by 11:59 pm. Complete the contest by July 31, 2023, 11:59 pm.
How to Participate:
● You must sign up to be qualified for prizes. If a teacher, librarian or other youth development professional refer you to this contest, you should include their names and emails for their chances to win a prize too!
● Learn about credit by attending an in-person class, a Zoom class, reading articles, or completing the Nearpod class here and/or exploring other credit education resources found on the Michigan 4-H website.
● On July 14, you will receive an e-mail with the game code (代码) for Quizizz. The game will be available for two weeks.
● Go to Quizizz with a phone or a tablet and enter the code using the same name when you register.
● High scoring youth will win a $25 gift card. A maximum of 10 youth winners will be selected. Winners will be announced by August 8, 2023.
1. What knowledge is involved in the contest?
A. Game knowledge. B. Library knowledge.
C. Computer knowledge. D. Financial knowledge.
2. What is a must to win the prize?
A. Being a member of the library.
B. Having the guidance of a teacher.
C. Registering in advance.
D. Taking training courses.
3. What can we learn about the contest?
A. It is an online contest.
B. It charges low entry fees.
C. It is held every month.
D. Any teenager can take part.
B
On Feb. 23, an environmental advocacy group “Grassroots” led by students hosted its monthly clothing exchange. The clothing exchange is a free activity on campus where students can donate clothes in exchange for new ones.
“One of the key things about sustainability (可持续性) is to reuse,” Crystal Tynon, Co-president and Clothing Exchange Chair, said. “Instead of throwing away old clothes and buying new clothes, you can donate them and give them a new purpose. You might be done with those clothing items, but someone else might not be.”
According to Tynon, “Grassroots” is hoping to expand the activities to other schools. In order to do so, the team is brainstorming new ways to get the word out about donations, hours and events. Now, the clothing exchange is one of the club’s most well-known activities. “Throughout the semester when people realize we have these exchanges, they genuinely bring clothes and participate a lot more. So it does make a difference to clothing sustainability and it does create a community where everyone can share their clothes,” she added.
As “Grassroots” is an initiative dedicated to sustainability, paper advertisement is not an option. Instead, the center relies mostly on word-of-mouth and e-mail announcements. It is bringing speakers to campus to talk about sustainability and environmental advocacy. It also has partnerships with local organizations such as “the Sunrise Rochester”, working together to have volunteers become more involved in local sustainability.
Chloe Mendoza has been a volunteer since her freshman year. Not only does Mendoza appreciate the intended mission of promoting sustainability, but she also thinks the center has transformed into a safe and accepting community space for all students. Those who have come in looking for something practical often end up leaving with an armful of clothing and a heart full
of warmth.
“My favorite part about working there is that we get to help people find things that they need for free. Just providing a place for students to go where there isn’t pressure to spend money is really important. A lot of students love saving, so it’s something that students can relate and engage with easily, so I think it’s a really easy way to get students more involved in sustainability,” says Mendoza.
4. Which of the following best describes Tynon’s feelings about their clothing exchange?
A. Impressive. B. Innovative. C. Demanding. D. Rewarding.
5. What can we learn about “Grassroots”?
A. It relies heavily on paper advertisements.
B. It cooperates with local institutions.
C. It invites speakers to be volunteers.
D. It earns instant fame in the community.
6. What does Mendoza think is an additional benefit of the clothing exchange?
A. It brings spiritual comfort. B. It widens the circle of friends.
C. It reduces academic pressure. D. It gives a sense of achievement.
7. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. Saving Up Through Clothing Exchange
B. Engaging Students in “Grassroots” Events
C. Clothing Exchange Is the Only Way for Sustainability
D. Environmental Advocacy — “Grassroots” Catches On
C
These days, Fred’s huge skeleton (骨架) was exhibited in the Indiana State Museum. His tusks (长牙) were recently the subject of a research study tracing the life 13,000 years ago of mastodons, distant relatives of modern elephants.
By analyzing the chemicals in Fred’s tusks, a team of researchers was able to construct a detailed account of his seasonal migration patterns. Josh Miller, a paleoecologist (古生态学家) at the University of Cincinnati, is one of the researchers studying Fred. “He has beautifully preserved bones and tusks, which provides a great opportunity for our research,” Miller said.
Mastodons’ tusks generally grow in distinct layers, similar to the tree rings. As a result, the nutrients that build the layers of their tusks can tell us a lot about what they experienced. The team particularly focused their analysis on the variations in two elements in the layers: strontium (锶) and oxygen. The former is the key to understanding where Fred spent his life, while the latter tells us the season he was in in any particular region. Then, with some statistical modeling, Miller and his team gained insight into the daily record of Fred’s behavior over ten thousand years ago.
The result indicated that when Fred was young, he would have grown a lot. But there’s a year when his growth is reduced — that’s when Miller’s analysis starts. “Probably like the modern male elephant, a male mastodon is just really obnoxious when growing up to be a bother and often arouses family members’ anger. At that point, the mom and aunts will essentially kick him out of the family”, Miller predicted.
After Fred set off to attend to himself, his tusks reflected where he traveled around. Based on analysis, every summer, Fred would return to mate in Northeastern Indiana, because around this time, his tusks started to show signs of injuries. When competing for mates, mastodons got into huge battles with their own natural weapons, sharp tusks. And that was exactly what brought the story of Fred to an untimely end.
8. What does Miller’s study mainly focus on?
A. Inner structure of Fred’s skeleton.
B. Possible tracks of Fred’s migration.
C. Research value of mastodon fossils.
D. Effective ways of tusk preservation.
9. How did researchers learn a mastodon’s behavior in ancient age?
A. By modeling data of special chemical elements.
B. By comparing his layers of tusks with rings of trees.
C. By conducting field research in various regions.
D. By reviewing statistical records of previous studies.
10. What does the underlined word “obnoxious” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Mature. B. Greedy.
C. Ambitious. D. Annoying.
11. What can be inferred about Fred in the last paragraph?
A. He failed to live independently.
B. He reunited with his family later.
C. He got killed by opponents’ tusks.
D. He survived some natural disasters.
D
A new study found people growing up in rural areas have better navigation (导航) skills than those raised in cities and that people whose home cities have grid layouts (网格布局) are slightly better at navigating similarly organised streets, despite having poorer performance overall.
The study involved nearly 4,000,000 participants from 38 countries who played Sea Hero Quest (SHQ), a game requiring them to navigate a boat in a virtual environment to find the places marked on a map. The researchers found that where people grew up influenced their performance in the game, while their present living place did not affect their scores.
The researchers compared the home cities of the participants by analysing the “lack-of-order” state of the street networks, to measure the complexity of the layouts. People whose hometown’s street layouts were more ordered like New York were worse at playing SHQ. Those from cities with less ordered street layouts like Prague performed only slightly worse than those from rural areas. To test if people from cities could more effectively find the right direction in environments similar to where they grew up, the researchers developed a city-themed version of SHQ, called CHQ, requiring participants to drive down the streets in a virtual environment from simple grids to more winding street layouts. People growing up in cities with grid layouts were slightly better at navigating in similar environments, although the difference was not as significant as their performance in SHQ.
The SHQ project was designed to aid Alzheimer’s research. Professor Michael Hornberger said, “Lack of spatial (空间的) navigation is a key Alzheimer’s symptom in the early stages of the disease. We are seeking to use the knowledge learned from SHQ to develop better disease monitoring tools.” Dr Susan Kohlhaas also said, “Thanks to the amazing response, we have been able to collect data from over four million players. If we’re to understand Alzheimer’s, it’s vital that we have participation from as many people as possible with diverse backgrounds and experiences.”
12. What is the finding of the study?
A. Street patterns in games are vital to one’s performance.
B. People raised in cities have a good sense of direction.
C. Growing up in rural areas improves navigation skills.
D. One’s present living place affects their navigation skills.
13. What did the participants do in the game?
A. They drew their own maps.
B. They carried out a task of finding the marked place.
C. They marked some places on a map.
D. They played games against each other.
14. What can be inferred about SHQ from paragraph 3?
A. It’s harder than CHQ for those from cities.
B. Researchers developed it based on CHQ.
C. It evaluates navigation skills better than CHQ.
D. Players from New York did better than those from Prague.
15. Why does Dr Susan Kohlhaas acknowledge the project?
A. It helps Alzheimer’s patients play SHQ.
B. It helps people gain navigation skills.
C. It helps get a better knowledge of Alzheimer’s.
D. It helps spot Alzheimer’s at an early stage.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Who are your friends? Are they all similar in age to you? 16 But you can widen your social circle and gain life-enriching benefits by becoming friends with someone younger or older than you. Having friends of different ages can greatly improve the quality of your life.
Having older friends can change your attitude towards life because they have already gone through the challenges you are facing. They have been young parents, have survived a job loss, and can help you get through these changes in your own life. 17 Then you’ll feel more ready for what’s coming in future stages.
When older people make friends with younger people, they get to share their experiences which can be very rewarding. 18 Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better. It gives you meaning and is good for your mental health. Having younger friends can also make you feel younger by including new ideas and energy in your life.
19 While making new friends may seem frightening, it’s actually easier than you think. You can first think about your acquaintances or coworkers and see if any of them share your values and interests and would make a good friend. Then see if you can make a coffee date. Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in and that you think you will enjoy. 20
All in all making friends with people not your age can open your eyes to new ideas and new experiences that can be life-changing.
A. For human beings, giving is good.
B. Where to find friends sharing a common interest?
C. Then how can you make intergenerational friends?
D. Having friends at your own age is natural, of course.
E. What’s more, younger friends can give you some fresh ideas.
F. It’s believed that joining in activities like volunteering is also an effective way.
G. An older friend also helps you “try on” certain life experiences before you get there.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During the holiday season in 2015, Felicia Hall was battling depression. “I was unhappy, overeating fast food at night and not really caring for myself. I wasn’t physically 21 , but always felt tired,” she says.
It wasn’t until New Year that Hall wanted to make a 22 . A friend recommended Daily Burn, a workout program, and she 23 to sign up. “I registered, though not believing I can keep on. I even set a 24 on the phone to cancel it before the free trial ended,” says Hall. “Within two weeks, I did not 25 . So I deleted the note.”
The 26 gained from Daily Burn also got her running. “I love the sound of 27 my feet on the ground, knowing my body is 28 of doing that,” she says. Hall also 29 her late-night fast-food sessions and started cooking healthy meals. After five months, Hall lost 20 pounds — and gained a new 30 on exercise, and on life. She consistently 31 the Daily Burn community group for support. And she 32 started teaching group fitness classes in her hometown. 33 , she learned the power of positive thought and self-belief. “To be physically able to exercise and continue to 34 with it — it’s an amazing gift,” she says. “People not experiencing it aren’t
35 what something like this can do for a person. It’s not just physical — it’s mental. It’s everything.”
21. A. sick B. attractive C. active D. disabled
22. A. difference B. change C. living D. deal
23. A. continued B. managed C. decided D. promised
24. A. reminder B. deadline C. monitor D. timetable
25. A. regret B. forget C. hesitate D. withdraw
26. A. confidence B. wellness C. passion D. support
27. A. laying B. hitting C. stamping D. beating
28. A. sick B. afraid C. sure D. capable
29. A. transformed B. enriched C. rescheduled D. restored
30. A. focus B. emphasis C. attitude D. remark
31. A. called on B. relied on C. appealed to D. turned to
32. A. even B. still C. ever D. almost
33. A. By chance B. In fact C. Above all D. At first
34. A. practice B. combine C. struggle D. grow
35. A. worried B. aware C. satisfied D. certain
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
About 25 km from the southeast of Shijiazhuang city, Hebei Province stands Zhaozhou Bridge, which 36 (build) in AD 595 in the Sui Dynasty. It is the 37 (early) and best-preserved open-spandrel stone arch bridge (开放式石拱桥) now in existence.
With a total length of 51 m, and a span (跨度) of 37 m, the bridge is a single-arch stone bridge 38 has the longest span and history. The bridge is complex yet elegantly constructed. The two smaller arches in the shoulders of the bridge were 39 innovation in the history of bridge construction, 40 (give) the stone bridge an elegant design. Zhaozhou Bridge has its own 41 (architecture) features. The two small arches in the two shoulders increase the drainage (排水) area 42 (ease) the flow of water, reduce the use of materials, lighten the bridge, 43 improve its stability. With a history of about 1,400 years, Zhaozhou Bridge
44 (go) through a lot of natural disasters so far, including 45 least 10 floods, 8 wars and many earthquakes. In 1996, a 7.6 magnitude earthquake hit Xingtai, about 40 km from the bridge, but it remained safe and sound.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
你校动物保护协会上周末开展了帮助流浪动物（stray animals）的活动，请你写一篇活动报道，发布在你校的“英语园地”上。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 你的感想。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“I’ve sent my resume, but I haven’t received any emails or heard anything. So, I came here,” Sandra said to Mrs. Cleaver, the manager of the grocery store where she applied to work during her summer holidays.
Sandra was raised by a single mother who worked very hard but still didn’t have much to save for the 18-year-old’s future. So Sandra decided to send out resumes and work as much as possible. Usually, her mother would not allow her to work during the school year because she wanted Sandra to focus on her study. But Sandra insisted and applied at several places. However, this grocery store was the best option. It was close to her house, and her mother wouldn’t worry about her much if she was there.
“I’m sorry, child. We’re just not hiring right now,” Mrs. Cleaver said.
“Please, I’ll do everything. I can work part-time or full-time, and I can do anything that others don’t want to do. I’m also pretty strong, though I look skinny,” Sandra explained eagerly. Mrs. Cleaver gave her a knowing smile. Sandra explained that she wanted to save money for medical school, and Mrs. Cleaver finally nodded.
“Can you start working today?” Mrs. Cleaver asked. Sandra almost hurt her neck while nodding fiercely. She was excited. Mrs. Cleaver took her in the back and gave her a vest and a broom. Her first assignment was to sweep the dirt and leaves. Sandra did it without complaint. Mrs. Cleaver then assigned her to clean the bathrooms, which was a rougher request. But Sandra didn’t complain and kept her word. Eventually, Sandra started getting all the dirty and heavy tasks other employees hated. She did everything gladly for everyone, no matter how difficult and tiring the task was. Mrs. Cleaver liked her attitude and took note of it. In a world where young people of her age wanted to become Internet stars, it was nice to see someone enjoy honest hard work.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mrs. Cleaver spoke to the store owner Ronald about Sandra.
Learning that Ronald allowed her to apply for a scholarship, Sandra couldn’t believe her ears.
参考答案
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个旨在让年轻人了解信用知识，做出正确理财选择的有奖比赛。
1. D 细节理解题。根据比赛名称中的“Money”，第一段结尾的“financial choices”和Why Participate:部分中的“Learn how to use credit wisely”可知，本次比赛涉及的是金融方面的知识。故选D。
2. C 细节理解题。根据When to Participate:部分中的“Register by July 13, 2023 ...”和How to Participate:部分中的“You must sign up to be qualified for prizes.”可知，获奖的前提是必须提前在网上注册报名。故选C。
3. A 细节理解题。根据Why Participate:部分中的“Compete with other youths across the state of Michigan in this 30-question online challenge”以及How to Participate:部分中的“Go to Quizizz with a phone or a tablet and enter the code using the same name when you register.”可知，这是一个网络比赛。故选A。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个学生社团Grassroots定期举办服装交换活动，倡导可持续发展的故事。
4. D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Now, the clothing exchange is one of the club’s most well-known activities.”及“‘... So it does make a difference to clothing sustainability and it does create a community where everyone can share their clothes,’ she added.”可知，Tynon认为这种服装交换活动确实对服装的可持续性产生了影响，并且它确实创建了一个人人都可以分享自己服装的社区。由此可推断出，Tynon认为他们的服装交换活动是有益且值得做的。impressive意为“令人印象深刻的”；innovative意为“革新的，新颖的”；demanding意为“要求高的”；rewarding意为“有益的，值得做的”。故选D。
5. B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It also has partnerships with local organizations such as ‘the Sunrise Rochester’, working together to have volunteers become more involved in local sustainability.”可知，Grassroots与当地的机构有合作关系。故选B。
6. A 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“... but she also thinks the center has transformed into a safe and accepting community space for all students. Those who have come in looking for something practical often end up leaving with an armful of clothing and a heart full of warmth.”可知，Mendoza还认为该中心已经转变为一个面向所有学生的安全的、可接受的社区空间。那些来找实用的东西的人，最后往往带着一抱（之量）的衣服满心暖意地离开。由此可推断出，Mendoza认为这种服装交换活动的额外好处是它带来的精神上的慰藉。故选A。
7. D 标题概括题。根据全文尤其是首段的内容可知，文章主要介绍了一个倡导可持续发展的学生社团Grassroots。故D项为最佳标题。故选D。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。古生态学家Miller和他的团队通过分析古乳齿象Fred长牙的化学物质，得知它生前的相关迁徙经历。
8. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“... a team of researchers was able to construct a detailed account of his seasonal migration patterns.”可知，Miller的研究主要是弄清楚Fred的迁徙模式。故选B。
9. A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The team particularly focused their analysis on the variations in two elements in the layers: strontium (锶) and oxygen.”和“with some statistical modeling”可知，研究团队通过化学元素分析和数据建模的手段来了解古代乳齿象的行为。故选A。
10. D 词义猜测题。根据第四段画线单词下文“when growing up to be a bother and often arouses family members’ anger. At that point, the mom and aunts will essentially kick him out of the family”可知，雄性乳齿象长到成年就会四处惹麻烦让象群成员生气，并会因此被驱逐出象群。由此可以推知obnoxious意为“令人讨厌的”。故选D。
11. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When competing for mates, mastodons got into huge battles with their own natural weapons, sharp tusks. And that was exactly what brought the story of Fred to an untimely end.”可推断，为争夺配偶，Fred和其他雄性乳齿象搏斗，因而死于竞争者尖锐的长牙。故选C。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，在乡村长大的人比在城市长大的人有更好的空间导航能力，而尽管在城市长大的人空间导航能力总体上略差，但如果他们的城市是网格布局，他们在类似有序的街道中导航能力会相对有所改善。
12. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new study found people growing up in rural areas have better navigation (导航) skills than those raised in cities”可知，在乡村长大会提高人的空间导航能力。故选C。
13. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study involved nearly 4,000,000 participants from 38 countries who played Sea Hero Quest (SHQ), a game requiring them to navigate a boat in a virtual environment to find the places marked on a map.”可知，参与者要完成找到地图标记地点的任务。故选B。
14. A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，出生在属于网络布局城市的人玩CHQ时有可能表现略好于其他参与者，但在玩SHQ时表现最差。由此可知相比于CHQ，SHQ对来自城市的人来说更难。故选A。
15. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Thanks to the amazing response ... If we’re to understand Alzheimer’s, it’s vital that we have participation from as many people as possible with diverse backgrounds and experiences.”可知，Dr Susan Kohlhaas认可SHQ项目是因为它提供了大量的数据，能帮助研究者更好地了解阿尔茨海默病。故选C。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了交不同年龄的朋友对自己的生活会有哪些帮助及如何结交他们。
16. D 空前提到“他们都与你年龄相仿吗”，空后提到“但是你可以通过和比你年轻或年长的人成为朋友来扩大你的社交圈，并丰富生活”。由此可知，空处是过渡句，应起到承上启下的作用。D项“有同龄朋友当然是很正常的”与空前相呼应，且与空后内容形成转折，符合语境。故选D。
17. G 空前提到“年长的朋友能帮助你度过人生中的转变”，空后提到“这样你就会为接下来的阶段做更好的准备”。由此可知空处应引入有年长的朋友的另一个好处。G项“年长的朋友还可以帮助你提前体验某种生活经历”表明了有年长的朋友的另一个好处，符合语境。故选G。
18. A 该段的主题为结交更年轻朋友的好处。空前和空后内容都与分享和给予有关，空处内容也应与此相关。A项“对人类来说，给予是件好事”既与“share their experiences”相照应，又与“Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better.”相联系。故选A。
19. C 该空位于段首，应是对段落内容的概括与总结。根据下文中的“You can first ... Then see if you can ... will enjoy.”可知，该段主要介绍了如何结交年长或更年轻的朋友。C项“那么你如何建立跨代友谊呢”准确概括了段落主旨。intergenerational“代与代之间的”。故选C。
20. F 根据本段主题和空前的内容可知，空处也应是结交年长或更年轻的朋友的一个方法。F项“参加志愿服务等活动也被认为是一个有效方法”符合语境。故选F。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了体育锻炼帮助Hall走出抑郁，让她找到自信并改变了人生态度的故事。
21. C 考查形容词辨析。根据语境及下文的“but always felt tired”可知，Hall正在和抑郁症作斗争，所以此处应指她不爱动，但总觉得很累。active“忙碌的，好动的，活跃的”，符合语境。故选C。
22. B 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“sign up”可知，此处指Hall想要作出改变（change）。make a difference“有作用，影响”；make a living“谋生”；make a deal“约定”。故选B。
23. C 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“A friend recommended Daily Burn, a workout program, and she”可知，一个朋友推荐了Daily Burn，Hall决定（decided）报名参加。manage“努力完成，设法做成”；promise“承诺”。故选C。
24. A 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“on the phone to cancel it before the free trial ended”“I deleted the note”可知，Hall应是在手机上记了一个备忘录来提醒自己在免费试用结束前取消课程。reminder“起提醒作用的事物”，符合语境。deadline“最后期限，截止日期”；monitor“监视器”；timetable“时间表，时间安排”。故选A。
25. D 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“not believing I can keep on”“Within two weeks”及下文中的“I deleted the note”“After five months”“She consistently ... Daily Burn community group”可知，此处指Hall并没有退出（withdraw）。regret“后悔”；hesitate“犹豫”。故选D。
26. A 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“not believing I can keep on”及下文中的“the power of positive thought and self-belief”可知，此处指Hall从Daily Burn中获得了自信（confidence）。wellness“健康”；passion“激情”。故选A。
27. B 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“running”及常识可知，此处指跑步时脚接触或者碰到地面的声音。hit“使（身体部位）碰上（某物）”，符合语境。lay“放置，安放”；stamp“跺（脚）”；beat“撞击，拍打”。故选B。
28. D 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“To be physically able to exercise”可知，此处指Hall知道自己的身体还能够做到这一点。sick“（对……）厌倦的，厌烦的”；capable“有能力，有才能”。故选D。
29. A 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“her late-night fast-food sessions and started cooking healthy meals”可知，Hall改变了夜间快餐时间，开始做一些健康的饭菜。transform“改变”，符合语境。enrich“充实，使丰富”；reschedule“重新安排”；restore“恢复”。故选A。
30. C 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，五个月后，Hall不仅减掉了20磅，而且对运动和生活也有了新的看法。attitude“态度，看法”，符合语境。focus“关注，中心点”；emphasis“重视，强调”；remark“评论”。故选C。
31. D 考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的“the Daily Burn community group for support”可知，Hall经常向Daily Burn社区小组寻求支持。turn to“向……求助（或寻求指教等）”，符合语境。call on“号召”；rely on“依赖”；appeal to“呼吁”。故选D。
32. A 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指Hall甚至（even）开始在家乡教授集体健身课程。故选A。
33. C 考查介词短语辨析。最重要的是，她知道了乐观和自信的力量。above all“最重要的是”，符合语境。by chance“偶然”；in fact“实际上，确切地说”；at first“起初”。故选C。
34. D 考查动词辨析。结合上文提到的Hall在跟随Daily Burn一起运动之后身体和心理上的一些变化可知，此处指和它一起成长（grow）。practice“练习”；combine“结合”；struggle“斗争，抗争”。故选D。
35. B 考查形容词辨析。根据空前的“People not experiencing it aren’t”可知，没有经历过的人们不知道这样的事情会对一个人造成什么影响。这不仅是身体上的，也是精神上的。它是一切。aware“知道的，明白的”，符合语境。worried“担忧的”；satisfied“满意的”；certain“确信，确定”。故选B。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了赵州桥的历史、外观以及建筑特色。
36. was built 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“in AD 595 in the Sui Dynasty”可知，此处应用一般过去时；分析句子结构可知，which引导定语从句，指代先行词“Zhaozhou Bridge”并在从句中作主语，因先行词“Zhaozhou Bridge”为第三人称单数，定语从句的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式；且which所指代的“Zhaozhou Bridge”与动词build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填was built。
37. earliest 考查形容词的比较等级。根据“and best-preserved”可知，此处应用early的最高级形式与“best-preserved”并列。故填earliest。
38. that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是“a single-arch stone bridge”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that或which引导该从句。故填that/which。
39. an 考查冠词。此处泛指“建桥史的一次创新”，应用不定冠词；且innovation是以元音音素开头的单词，其前应用不定冠词an。故填an。
40. giving 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有be动词were作谓语，此处应用非谓语动词；且give与逻辑主语“The two smaller arches in the shoulders of the bridge”之间构成主谓关系，此处应用现在分词作结果状语。故填giving。
41. architectural 考查词性转换。根据“features”可知，此处应用形容词architectural作定语；architectural features表示“建筑特色，结构特征”。故填architectural。
42. to ease 考查非谓语动词。此处表示两肩上的两个小拱门增加了排水面积以缓解水流，减少材料的使用，减轻桥梁的重量，并提高了稳定性。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to ease。
43. and 考查连词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，“increase the drainage (排水) area”“reduce the use of materials”“lighten the bridge”和“improve its stability”之间为并列关系，此处应用and连接。故填and。
44. has gone 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据“so far”可知，此处应用现在完成时；分析句子结构可知，主语“Zhaozhou Bridge”是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has gone。
45. at 考查介词。此处表示至少10次洪水。at least是固定搭配，意为“至少”。故填at。
第三部分 写作
第一节
参考范文：
Many animals are facing starvation and homelessness. To help them out of trouble, the Animal Conservation Association of our school conducted a series of activities last weekend.
To begin with, the members of the association set up outdoor shelters to ensure animals a home, where they put soft mats or cushions transformed from worn-out clothes to keep stray animals warm. Moreover, food and clean water were delivered. They also made signs with words reminding people to treat animals kindly and carefully.
Though the activities are slight when it comes to so many stray animals, every little bit counts. We all should take action to help stray animals.
第二节
参考范文：
Paragraph 1:
Mrs. Cleaver spoke to the store owner Ronald about Sandra. Deeply touched by Sandra’s enormous capacity for hard work, Ronald decided to offer this diligent girl an opportunity to apply for his Education Foundation. “Your story reminds me of the days when I was young, doing the tough work and striving for my dream. And I really hope I can do something to make your dream come true,” said Ronald genuinely. “That is so nice of you to give me such a great chance,” Sandra thanked Ronald with her hands trembling, tears brimming in her eyes.
Paragraph 2:
Learning that Ronald allowed her to apply for a scholarship, Sandra couldn’t believe her ears. She dashed to Mrs. Cleaver to confirm whether it was a dream. “No. It’s a dream coming true,” beamed Mrs. Cleaver, casting her an encouraging look. Finally, luck befell this ill-fated but optimistic girl. After a few weeks, she was provided with a full scholarship for her medical school. After the despairing darkness finally came broad daylight. Odds might not be in our favor sometimes, but as long as we hold on with resilience, misfortune can be a blessing in disguise.
按秘密级事项管理★启用前
2022—2023 学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（新高考）（山东版）
笔试
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Show Your Money Smarts Contest 2023
Show Your Money Smarts Contest aims to give the youth a jump start by equipping them with the power of knowledge to make sound financial choices.
Why Participate:
Learn how to use credit wisely in this year’s annual contest. Compete with other youths across the state of Michigan in this 30-question online challenge during the month of July and win prizes. Start developing a good credit score and history at a young age and learn how to make your credit work for you! Teachers, librarians and other youth development professionals can also win a $25 gift card if a youth they refer to the contest wins.
Who Should Participate:
Any youth between the ages of 13 and 19 across the state of Michigan.
When to Participate:
Register by July 13, 2023, by 11:59 pm. Complete the contest by July 31, 2023, 11:59 pm.
How to Participate:
● You must sign up to be qualified for prizes. If a teacher, librarian or other youth development professional refer you to this contest, you should include their names and emails for their chances to win a prize too!
● Learn about credit by attending an in-person class, a Zoom class, reading articles, or completing the Nearpod class here and/or exploring other credit education resources found on the Michigan 4-H website.
● On July 14, you will receive an e-mail with the game code (代码) for Quizizz. The game will be available for two weeks.
● Go to Quizizz with a phone or a tablet and enter the code using the same name when you register.
● High scoring youth will win a $25 gift card. A maximum of 10 youth winners will be selected. Winners will be announced by August 8, 2023.
1. What knowledge is involved in the contest?
A. Game knowledge. B. Library knowledge.
C. Computer knowledge. D. Financial knowledge.
2. What is a must to win the prize?
A. Being a member of the library.
B. Having the guidance of a teacher.
C. Registering in advance.
D. Taking training courses.
3. What can we learn about the contest?
A. It is an online contest.
B. It charges low entry fees.
C. It is held every month.
D. Any teenager can take part.
B
On Feb. 23, an environmental advocacy group “Grassroots” led by students hosted its monthly clothing exchange. The clothing exchange is a free activity on campus where students can donate clothes in exchange for new ones.
“One of the key things about sustainability (可持续性) is to reuse,” Crystal Tynon, Co-president and Clothing Exchange Chair, said. “Instead of throwing away old clothes and buying new clothes, you can donate them and give them a new purpose. You might be done with those clothing items, but someone else might not be.”
According to Tynon, “Grassroots” is hoping to expand the activities to other schools. In order to do so, the team is brainstorming new ways to get the word out about donations, hours and events. Now, the clothing exchange is one of the club’s most well-known activities. “Throughout the semester when people realize we have these exchanges, they genuinely bring clothes and participate a lot more. So it does make a difference to clothing sustainability and it does create a community where everyone can share their clothes,” she added.
As “Grassroots” is an initiative dedicated to sustainability, paper advertisement is not an option. Instead, the center relies mostly on word-of-mouth and e-mail announcements. It is bringing speakers to campus to talk about sustainability and environmental advocacy. It also has partnerships with local organizations such as “the Sunrise Rochester”, working together to have volunteers become more involved in local sustainability.
Chloe Mendoza has been a volunteer since her freshman year. Not only does Mendoza appreciate the intended mission of promoting sustainability, but she also thinks the center has transformed into a safe and accepting community space for all students. Those who have come in looking for something practical often end up leaving with an armful of clothing and a heart full
of warmth.
“My favorite part about working there is that we get to help people find things that they need for free. Just providing a place for students to go where there isn’t pressure to spend money is really important. A lot of students love saving, so it’s something that students can relate and engage with easily, so I think it’s a really easy way to get students more involved in sustainability,” says Mendoza.
4. Which of the following best describes Tynon’s feelings about their clothing exchange?
A. Impressive. B. Innovative. C. Demanding. D. Rewarding.
5. What can we learn about “Grassroots”?
A. It relies heavily on paper advertisements.
B. It cooperates with local institutions.
C. It invites speakers to be volunteers.
D. It earns instant fame in the community.
6. What does Mendoza think is an additional benefit of the clothing exchange?
A. It brings spiritual comfort. B. It widens the circle of friends.
C. It reduces academic pressure. D. It gives a sense of achievement.
7. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. Saving Up Through Clothing Exchange
B. Engaging Students in “Grassroots” Events
C. Clothing Exchange Is the Only Way for Sustainability
D. Environmental Advocacy — “Grassroots” Catches On
C
These days, Fred’s huge skeleton (骨架) was exhibited in the Indiana State Museum. His tusks (长牙) were recently the subject of a research study tracing the life 13,000 years ago of mastodons, distant relatives of modern elephants.
By analyzing the chemicals in Fred’s tusks, a team of researchers was able to construct a detailed account of his seasonal migration patterns. Josh Miller, a paleoecologist (古生态学家) at the University of Cincinnati, is one of the researchers studying Fred. “He has beautifully preserved bones and tusks, which provides a great opportunity for our research,” Miller said.
Mastodons’ tusks generally grow in distinct layers, similar to the tree rings. As a result, the nutrients that build the layers of their tusks can tell us a lot about what they experienced. The team particularly focused their analysis on the variations in two elements in the layers: strontium (锶) and oxygen. The former is the key to understanding where Fred spent his life, while the latter tells us the season he was in in any particular region. Then, with some statistical modeling, Miller and his team gained insight into the daily record of Fred’s behavior over ten thousand years ago.
The result indicated that when Fred was young, he would have grown a lot. But there’s a year when his growth is reduced — that’s when Miller’s analysis starts. “Probably like the modern male elephant, a male mastodon is just really obnoxious when growing up to be a bother and often arouses family members’ anger. At that point, the mom and aunts will essentially kick him out of the family”, Miller predicted.
After Fred set off to attend to himself, his tusks reflected where he traveled around. Based on analysis, every summer, Fred would return to mate in Northeastern Indiana, because around this time, his tusks started to show signs of injuries. When competing for mates, mastodons got into huge battles with their own natural weapons, sharp tusks. And that was exactly what brought the story of Fred to an untimely end.
8. What does Miller’s study mainly focus on?
A. Inner structure of Fred’s skeleton.
B. Possible tracks of Fred’s migration.
C. Research value of mastodon fossils.
D. Effective ways of tusk preservation.
9. How did researchers learn a mastodon’s behavior in ancient age?
A. By modeling data of special chemical elements.
B. By comparing his layers of tusks with rings of trees.
C. By conducting field research in various regions.
D. By reviewing statistical records of previous studies.
10. What does the underlined word “obnoxious” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Mature. B. Greedy.
C. Ambitious. D. Annoying.
11. What can be inferred about Fred in the last paragraph?
A. He failed to live independently.
B. He reunited with his family later.
C. He got killed by opponents’ tusks.
D. He survived some natural disasters.
D
A new study found people growing up in rural areas have better navigation (导航) skills than those raised in cities and that people whose home cities have grid layouts (网格布局) are slightly better at navigating similarly organised streets, despite having poorer performance overall.
The study involved nearly 4,000,000 participants from 38 countries who played Sea Hero Quest (SHQ), a game requiring them to navigate a boat in a virtual environment to find the places marked on a map. The researchers found that where people grew up influenced their performance in the game, while their present living place did not affect their scores.
The researchers compared the home cities of the participants by analysing the “lack-of-order” state of the street networks, to measure the complexity of the layouts. People whose hometown’s street layouts were more ordered like New York were worse at playing SHQ. Those from cities with less ordered street layouts like Prague performed only slightly worse than those from rural areas. To test if people from cities could more effectively find the right direction in environments similar to where they grew up, the researchers developed a city-themed version of SHQ, called CHQ, requiring participants to drive down the streets in a virtual environment from simple grids to more winding street layouts. People growing up in cities with grid layouts were slightly better at navigating in similar environments, although the difference was not as significant as their performance in SHQ.
The SHQ project was designed to aid Alzheimer’s research. Professor Michael Hornberger said, “Lack of spatial (空间的) navigation is a key Alzheimer’s symptom in the early stages of the disease. We are seeking to use the knowledge learned from SHQ to develop better disease monitoring tools.” Dr Susan Kohlhaas also said, “Thanks to the amazing response, we have been able to collect data from over four million players. If we’re to understand Alzheimer’s, it’s vital that we have participation from as many people as possible with diverse backgrounds and experiences.”
12. What is the finding of the study?
A. Street patterns in games are vital to one’s performance.
B. People raised in cities have a good sense of direction.
C. Growing up in rural areas improves navigation skills.
D. One’s present living place affects their navigation skills.
13. What did the participants do in the game?
A. They drew their own maps.
B. They carried out a task of finding the marked place.
C. They marked some places on a map.
D. They played games against each other.
14. What can be inferred about SHQ from paragraph 3?
A. It’s harder than CHQ for those from cities.
B. Researchers developed it based on CHQ.
C. It evaluates navigation skills better than CHQ.
D. Players from New York did better than those from Prague.
15. Why does Dr Susan Kohlhaas acknowledge the project?
A. It helps Alzheimer’s patients play SHQ.
B. It helps people gain navigation skills.
C. It helps get a better knowledge of Alzheimer’s.
D. It helps spot Alzheimer’s at an early stage.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Who are your friends? Are they all similar in age to you? 16 But you can widen your social circle and gain life-enriching benefits by becoming friends with someone younger or older than you. Having friends of different ages can greatly improve the quality of your life.
Having older friends can change your attitude towards life because they have already gone through the challenges you are facing. They have been young parents, have survived a job loss, and can help you get through these changes in your own life. 17 Then you’ll feel more ready for what’s coming in future stages.
When older people make friends with younger people, they get to share their experiences which can be very rewarding. 18 Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better. It gives you meaning and is good for your mental health. Having younger friends can also make you feel younger by including new ideas and energy in your life.
19 While making new friends may seem frightening, it’s actually easier than you think. You can first think about your acquaintances or coworkers and see if any of them share your values and interests and would make a good friend. Then see if you can make a coffee date. Besides, you can consider joining in a class that your coworker or acquaintance participates in and that you think you will enjoy. 20
All in all making friends with people not your age can open your eyes to new ideas and new experiences that can be life-changing.
A. For human beings, giving is good.
B. Where to find friends sharing a common interest?
C. Then how can you make intergenerational friends?
D. Having friends at your own age is natural, of course.
E. What’s more, younger friends can give you some fresh ideas.
F. It’s believed that joining in activities like volunteering is also an effective way.
G. An older friend also helps you “try on” certain life experiences before you get there.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During the holiday season in 2015, Felicia Hall was battling depression. “I was unhappy, overeating fast food at night and not really caring for myself. I wasn’t physically 21 , but always felt tired,” she says.
It wasn’t until New Year that Hall wanted to make a 22 . A friend recommended Daily Burn, a workout program, and she 23 to sign up. “I registered, though not believing I can keep on. I even set a 24 on the phone to cancel it before the free trial ended,” says Hall. “Within two weeks, I did not 25 . So I deleted the note.”
The 26 gained from Daily Burn also got her running. “I love the sound of 27 my feet on the ground, knowing my body is 28 of doing that,” she says. Hall also 29 her late-night fast-food sessions and started cooking healthy meals. After five months, Hall lost 20 pounds — and gained a new 30 on exercise, and on life. She consistently 31 the Daily Burn community group for support. And she 32 started teaching group fitness classes in her hometown. 33 , she learned the power of positive thought and self-belief. “To be physically able to exercise and continue to 34 with it — it’s an amazing gift,” she says. “People not experiencing it aren’t
35 what something like this can do for a person. It’s not just physical — it’s mental. It’s everything.”
21. A. sick B. attractive C. active D. disabled
22. A. difference B. change C. living D. deal
23. A. continued B. managed C. decided D. promised
24. A. reminder B. deadline C. monitor D. timetable
25. A. regret B. forget C. hesitate D. withdraw
26. A. confidence B. wellness C. passion D. support
27. A. laying B. hitting C. stamping D. beating
28. A. sick B. afraid C. sure D. capable
29. A. transformed B. enriched C. rescheduled D. restored
30. A. focus B. emphasis C. attitude D. remark
31. A. called on B. relied on C. appealed to D. turned to
32. A. even B. still C. ever D. almost
33. A. By chance B. In fact C. Above all D. At first
34. A. practice B. combine C. struggle D. grow
35. A. worried B. aware C. satisfied D. certain
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
About 25 km from the southeast of Shijiazhuang city, Hebei Province stands Zhaozhou Bridge, which 36 (build) in AD 595 in the Sui Dynasty. It is the 37 (early) and best-preserved open-spandrel stone arch bridge (开放式石拱桥) now in existence.
With a total length of 51 m, and a span (跨度) of 37 m, the bridge is a single-arch stone bridge 38 has the longest span and history. The bridge is complex yet elegantly constructed. The two smaller arches in the shoulders of the bridge were 39 innovation in the history of bridge construction, 40 (give) the stone bridge an elegant design. Zhaozhou Bridge has its own 41 (architecture) features. The two small arches in the two shoulders increase the drainage (排水) area 42 (ease) the flow of water, reduce the use of materials, lighten the bridge, 43 improve its stability. With a history of about 1,400 years, Zhaozhou Bridge
44 (go) through a lot of natural disasters so far, including 45 least 10 floods, 8 wars and many earthquakes. In 1996, a 7.6 magnitude earthquake hit Xingtai, about 40 km from the bridge, but it remained safe and sound.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
你校动物保护协会上周末开展了帮助流浪动物（stray animals）的活动，请你写一篇活动报道，发布在你校的“英语园地”上。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 你的感想。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“I’ve sent my resume, but I haven’t received any emails or heard anything. So, I came here,” Sandra said to Mrs. Cleaver, the manager of the grocery store where she applied to work during her summer holidays.
Sandra was raised by a single mother who worked very hard but still didn’t have much to save for the 18-year-old’s future. So Sandra decided to send out resumes and work as much as possible. Usually, her mother would not allow her to work during the school year because she wanted Sandra to focus on her study. But Sandra insisted and applied at several places. However, this grocery store was the best option. It was close to her house, and her mother wouldn’t worry about her much if she was there.
“I’m sorry, child. We’re just not hiring right now,” Mrs. Cleaver said.
“Please, I’ll do everything. I can work part-time or full-time, and I can do anything that others don’t want to do. I’m also pretty strong, though I look skinny,” Sandra explained eagerly. Mrs. Cleaver gave her a knowing smile. Sandra explained that she wanted to save money for medical school, and Mrs. Cleaver finally nodded.
“Can you start working today?” Mrs. Cleaver asked. Sandra almost hurt her neck while nodding fiercely. She was excited. Mrs. Cleaver took her in the back and gave her a vest and a broom. Her first assignment was to sweep the dirt and leaves. Sandra did it without complaint. Mrs. Cleaver then assigned her to clean the bathrooms, which was a rougher request. But Sandra didn’t complain and kept her word. Eventually, Sandra started getting all the dirty and heavy tasks other employees hated. She did everything gladly for everyone, no matter how difficult and tiring the task was. Mrs. Cleaver liked her attitude and took note of it. In a world where young people of her age wanted to become Internet stars, it was nice to see someone enjoy honest hard work.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mrs. Cleaver spoke to the store owner Ronald about Sandra.
Learning that Ronald allowed her to apply for a scholarship, Sandra couldn’t believe her ears.
参考答案
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个旨在让年轻人了解信用知识，做出正确理财选择的有奖比赛。
1. D 细节理解题。根据比赛名称中的“Money”，第一段结尾的“financial choices”和Why Participate:部分中的“Learn how to use credit wisely”可知，本次比赛涉及的是金融方面的知识。故选D。
2. C 细节理解题。根据When to Participate:部分中的“Register by July 13, 2023 ...”和How to Participate:部分中的“You must sign up to be qualified for prizes.”可知，获奖的前提是必须提前在网上注册报名。故选C。
3. A 细节理解题。根据Why Participate:部分中的“Compete with other youths across the state of Michigan in this 30-question online challenge”以及How to Participate:部分中的“Go to Quizizz with a phone or a tablet and enter the code using the same name when you register.”可知，这是一个网络比赛。故选A。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个学生社团Grassroots定期举办服装交换活动，倡导可持续发展的故事。
4. D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Now, the clothing exchange is one of the club’s most well-known activities.”及“‘... So it does make a difference to clothing sustainability and it does create a community where everyone can share their clothes,’ she added.”可知，Tynon认为这种服装交换活动确实对服装的可持续性产生了影响，并且它确实创建了一个人人都可以分享自己服装的社区。由此可推断出，Tynon认为他们的服装交换活动是有益且值得做的。impressive意为“令人印象深刻的”；innovative意为“革新的，新颖的”；demanding意为“要求高的”；rewarding意为“有益的，值得做的”。故选D。
5. B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It also has partnerships with local organizations such as ‘the Sunrise Rochester’, working together to have volunteers become more involved in local sustainability.”可知，Grassroots与当地的机构有合作关系。故选B。
6. A 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“... but she also thinks the center has transformed into a safe and accepting community space for all students. Those who have come in looking for something practical often end up leaving with an armful of clothing and a heart full of warmth.”可知，Mendoza还认为该中心已经转变为一个面向所有学生的安全的、可接受的社区空间。那些来找实用的东西的人，最后往往带着一抱（之量）的衣服满心暖意地离开。由此可推断出，Mendoza认为这种服装交换活动的额外好处是它带来的精神上的慰藉。故选A。
7. D 标题概括题。根据全文尤其是首段的内容可知，文章主要介绍了一个倡导可持续发展的学生社团Grassroots。故D项为最佳标题。故选D。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。古生态学家Miller和他的团队通过分析古乳齿象Fred长牙的化学物质，得知它生前的相关迁徙经历。
8. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“... a team of researchers was able to construct a detailed account of his seasonal migration patterns.”可知，Miller的研究主要是弄清楚Fred的迁徙模式。故选B。
9. A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The team particularly focused their analysis on the variations in two elements in the layers: strontium (锶) and oxygen.”和“with some statistical modeling”可知，研究团队通过化学元素分析和数据建模的手段来了解古代乳齿象的行为。故选A。
10. D 词义猜测题。根据第四段画线单词下文“when growing up to be a bother and often arouses family members’ anger. At that point, the mom and aunts will essentially kick him out of the family”可知，雄性乳齿象长到成年就会四处惹麻烦让象群成员生气，并会因此被驱逐出象群。由此可以推知obnoxious意为“令人讨厌的”。故选D。
11. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When competing for mates, mastodons got into huge battles with their own natural weapons, sharp tusks. And that was exactly what brought the story of Fred to an untimely end.”可推断，为争夺配偶，Fred和其他雄性乳齿象搏斗，因而死于竞争者尖锐的长牙。故选C。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，在乡村长大的人比在城市长大的人有更好的空间导航能力，而尽管在城市长大的人空间导航能力总体上略差，但如果他们的城市是网格布局，他们在类似有序的街道中导航能力会相对有所改善。
12. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new study found people growing up in rural areas have better navigation (导航) skills than those raised in cities”可知，在乡村长大会提高人的空间导航能力。故选C。
13. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study involved nearly 4,000,000 participants from 38 countries who played Sea Hero Quest (SHQ), a game requiring them to navigate a boat in a virtual environment to find the places marked on a map.”可知，参与者要完成找到地图标记地点的任务。故选B。
14. A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，出生在属于网络布局城市的人玩CHQ时有可能表现略好于其他参与者，但在玩SHQ时表现最差。由此可知相比于CHQ，SHQ对来自城市的人来说更难。故选A。
15. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Thanks to the amazing response ... If we’re to understand Alzheimer’s, it’s vital that we have participation from as many people as possible with diverse backgrounds and experiences.”可知，Dr Susan Kohlhaas认可SHQ项目是因为它提供了大量的数据，能帮助研究者更好地了解阿尔茨海默病。故选C。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了交不同年龄的朋友对自己的生活会有哪些帮助及如何结交他们。
16. D 空前提到“他们都与你年龄相仿吗”，空后提到“但是你可以通过和比你年轻或年长的人成为朋友来扩大你的社交圈，并丰富生活”。由此可知，空处是过渡句，应起到承上启下的作用。D项“有同龄朋友当然是很正常的”与空前相呼应，且与空后内容形成转折，符合语境。故选D。
17. G 空前提到“年长的朋友能帮助你度过人生中的转变”，空后提到“这样你就会为接下来的阶段做更好的准备”。由此可知空处应引入有年长的朋友的另一个好处。G项“年长的朋友还可以帮助你提前体验某种生活经历”表明了有年长的朋友的另一个好处，符合语境。故选G。
18. A 该段的主题为结交更年轻朋友的好处。空前和空后内容都与分享和给予有关，空处内容也应与此相关。A项“对人类来说，给予是件好事”既与“share their experiences”相照应，又与“Giving your wisdom and attention makes you feel better.”相联系。故选A。
19. C 该空位于段首，应是对段落内容的概括与总结。根据下文中的“You can first ... Then see if you can ... will enjoy.”可知，该段主要介绍了如何结交年长或更年轻的朋友。C项“那么你如何建立跨代友谊呢”准确概括了段落主旨。intergenerational“代与代之间的”。故选C。
20. F 根据本段主题和空前的内容可知，空处也应是结交年长或更年轻的朋友的一个方法。F项“参加志愿服务等活动也被认为是一个有效方法”符合语境。故选F。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了体育锻炼帮助Hall走出抑郁，让她找到自信并改变了人生态度的故事。
21. C 考查形容词辨析。根据语境及下文的“but always felt tired”可知，Hall正在和抑郁症作斗争，所以此处应指她不爱动，但总觉得很累。active“忙碌的，好动的，活跃的”，符合语境。故选C。
22. B 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“sign up”可知，此处指Hall想要作出改变（change）。make a difference“有作用，影响”；make a living“谋生”；make a deal“约定”。故选B。
23. C 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“A friend recommended Daily Burn, a workout program, and she”可知，一个朋友推荐了Daily Burn，Hall决定（decided）报名参加。manage“努力完成，设法做成”；promise“承诺”。故选C。
24. A 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“on the phone to cancel it before the free trial ended”“I deleted the note”可知，Hall应是在手机上记了一个备忘录来提醒自己在免费试用结束前取消课程。reminder“起提醒作用的事物”，符合语境。deadline“最后期限，截止日期”；monitor“监视器”；timetable“时间表，时间安排”。故选A。
25. D 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“not believing I can keep on”“Within two weeks”及下文中的“I deleted the note”“After five months”“She consistently ... Daily Burn community group”可知，此处指Hall并没有退出（withdraw）。regret“后悔”；hesitate“犹豫”。故选D。
26. A 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“not believing I can keep on”及下文中的“the power of positive thought and self-belief”可知，此处指Hall从Daily Burn中获得了自信（confidence）。wellness“健康”；passion“激情”。故选A。
27. B 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“running”及常识可知，此处指跑步时脚接触或者碰到地面的声音。hit“使（身体部位）碰上（某物）”，符合语境。lay“放置，安放”；stamp“跺（脚）”；beat“撞击，拍打”。故选B。
28. D 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“To be physically able to exercise”可知，此处指Hall知道自己的身体还能够做到这一点。sick“（对……）厌倦的，厌烦的”；capable“有能力，有才能”。故选D。
29. A 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“her late-night fast-food sessions and started cooking healthy meals”可知，Hall改变了夜间快餐时间，开始做一些健康的饭菜。transform“改变”，符合语境。enrich“充实，使丰富”；reschedule“重新安排”；restore“恢复”。故选A。
30. C 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，五个月后，Hall不仅减掉了20磅，而且对运动和生活也有了新的看法。attitude“态度，看法”，符合语境。focus“关注，中心点”；emphasis“重视，强调”；remark“评论”。故选C。
31. D 考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的“the Daily Burn community group for support”可知，Hall经常向Daily Burn社区小组寻求支持。turn to“向……求助（或寻求指教等）”，符合语境。call on“号召”；rely on“依赖”；appeal to“呼吁”。故选D。
32. A 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指Hall甚至（even）开始在家乡教授集体健身课程。故选A。
33. C 考查介词短语辨析。最重要的是，她知道了乐观和自信的力量。above all“最重要的是”，符合语境。by chance“偶然”；in fact“实际上，确切地说”；at first“起初”。故选C。
34. D 考查动词辨析。结合上文提到的Hall在跟随Daily Burn一起运动之后身体和心理上的一些变化可知，此处指和它一起成长（grow）。practice“练习”；combine“结合”；struggle“斗争，抗争”。故选D。
35. B 考查形容词辨析。根据空前的“People not experiencing it aren’t”可知，没有经历过的人们不知道这样的事情会对一个人造成什么影响。这不仅是身体上的，也是精神上的。它是一切。aware“知道的，明白的”，符合语境。worried“担忧的”；satisfied“满意的”；certain“确信，确定”。故选B。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了赵州桥的历史、外观以及建筑特色。
36. was built 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“in AD 595 in the Sui Dynasty”可知，此处应用一般过去时；分析句子结构可知，which引导定语从句，指代先行词“Zhaozhou Bridge”并在从句中作主语，因先行词“Zhaozhou Bridge”为第三人称单数，定语从句的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式；且which所指代的“Zhaozhou Bridge”与动词build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填was built。
37. earliest 考查形容词的比较等级。根据“and best-preserved”可知，此处应用early的最高级形式与“best-preserved”并列。故填earliest。
38. that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是“a single-arch stone bridge”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that或which引导该从句。故填that/which。
39. an 考查冠词。此处泛指“建桥史的一次创新”，应用不定冠词；且innovation是以元音音素开头的单词，其前应用不定冠词an。故填an。
40. giving 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有be动词were作谓语，此处应用非谓语动词；且give与逻辑主语“The two smaller arches in the shoulders of the bridge”之间构成主谓关系，此处应用现在分词作结果状语。故填giving。
41. architectural 考查词性转换。根据“features”可知，此处应用形容词architectural作定语；architectural features表示“建筑特色，结构特征”。故填architectural。
42. to ease 考查非谓语动词。此处表示两肩上的两个小拱门增加了排水面积以缓解水流，减少材料的使用，减轻桥梁的重量，并提高了稳定性。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to ease。
43. and 考查连词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，“increase the drainage (排水) area”“reduce the use of materials”“lighten the bridge”和“improve its stability”之间为并列关系，此处应用and连接。故填and。
44. has gone 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据“so far”可知，此处应用现在完成时；分析句子结构可知，主语“Zhaozhou Bridge”是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has gone。
45. at 考查介词。此处表示至少10次洪水。at least是固定搭配，意为“至少”。故填at。
第三部分 写作
第一节
参考范文：
Many animals are facing starvation and homelessness. To help them out of trouble, the Animal Conservation Association of our school conducted a series of activities last weekend.
To begin with, the members of the association set up outdoor shelters to ensure animals a home, where they put soft mats or cushions transformed from worn-out clothes to keep stray animals warm. Moreover, food and clean water were delivered. They also made signs with words reminding people to treat animals kindly and carefully.
Though the activities are slight when it comes to so many stray animals, every little bit counts. We all should take action to help stray animals.
第二节
参考范文：
Paragraph 1:
Mrs. Cleaver spoke to the store owner Ronald about Sandra. Deeply touched by Sandra’s enormous capacity for hard work, Ronald decided to offer this diligent girl an opportunity to apply for his Education Foundation. “Your story reminds me of the days when I was young, doing the tough work and striving for my dream. And I really hope I can do something to make your dream come true,” said Ronald genuinely. “That is so nice of you to give me such a great chance,” Sandra thanked Ronald with her hands trembling, tears brimming in her eyes.
Paragraph 2:
Learning that Ronald allowed her to apply for a scholarship, Sandra couldn’t believe her ears. She dashed to Mrs. Cleaver to confirm whether it was a dream. “No. It’s a dream coming true,” beamed Mrs. Cleaver, casting her an encouraging look. Finally, luck befell this ill-fated but optimistic girl. After a few weeks, she was provided with a full scholarship for her medical school. After the despairing darkness finally came broad daylight. Odds might not be in our favor sometimes, but as long as we hold on with resilience, misfortune can be a blessing in disguise.
相关试卷
山东省德州市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份山东省德州市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共26页。
山东省泰安市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试卷（Word版附解析）： 这是一份山东省泰安市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试卷（Word版附解析），共25页。
山东省烟台市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份山东省烟台市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了考试结束后，只交答题卡等内容，欢迎下载使用。
