北京市亦庄实验中学2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份北京市亦庄实验中学2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了用方框内所给词填空，根据提示翻译句子，语法填空，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
北京亦庄实验中学21级直升高一、高一第4学段+ 20级直升高二
第8学段英语教与学质量诊断英语试题
总分:卷面70分+听说30分时间: 90 分钟
第一部分词汇(共18分)
一、用方框内所给词填空。(I 层:不用变形。I1 层:用所给词的适当形式填空。) 10'
I层
选词填空

1. I didn’t ________ him - he’s grown much taller.
2. Like a lot of men, he finds it hard to express his________.
3. The knife had pierced his heart, but________ he was still alive.
4. During the lunch, he asked me what I would________ to the group in class.
5. My schedule is quite________ - I could arrange to meet with you any day.
【答案】1. recognize
2. emotion 3. incredibly
4. present 5. flexible
【解析】
【1题详解】
考查动词。句意：我没认出他来——他长得高多了。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动词原形，与didn’t一起构成谓语。根据句意，此处指“认出”，故填recognize。
【2题详解】
考查名词。句意：像很多男人一样，他觉得很难表达自己的情感。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。根据句意，此处指“情感”，故填emotion。
【3题详解】
考查副词。句意：刀刺穿了他的心脏，但令人难以置信的是他还活着。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词修饰句子he was still alive。根据句意，此处指“难以置信地”，故填incredibly。
【4题详解】
考查动词。句意：在午餐期间，他问我在课堂上将向全班展示什么。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动词原形，与would一起构成宾语从句中的谓语。根据句意，此处指“展示”，故填present。
【5题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我的日程安排很灵活——我可以安排在任何一天与你见面。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。根据句意，此处指“灵活的”，故填flexible。
选词填空

6. She sent them a gift to express her________.
7. Our teachers are hard-working and highly________.
8. I’ve told her________ times but she still insists on doing that.
9. Football arouses a good deal of________ among its supporters.
10. Anne is diligent and self-disciplined, which is why she's always done well________.
【答案】6. gratitude
7. motivated
8. countless
9. passion 10. academically
【解析】
【6题详解】
考查名词。句意：她送给他们一件礼物以表达她的感激之情。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。根据句意，此处指“感激”，故填gratitude。
【7题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们的老师工作努力，积极性高。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词，与hard-working并列作表语。根据句意，此处指“积极性高涨的”，故填motivated。
【8题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我已经告诉她无数次了，但她仍然坚持这样做。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语修饰名词times。根据句意，此处指“无数的、数不胜数的”，故填countless。
【9题详解】
考查名词。句意：足球在支持者中激起了极大的热情。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。根据句意，此处指“热情、激情”，故填passion。
【10题详解】
考查副词。句意：安妮勤奋自律，这就是为什么她在学业上总是做得很好的原因。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词修饰动词。根据句意，此处指“在学业方面；学术上”，故填academically。
II层
选词填空

11. He saw himself________ in the water.
12. There are 12 weeks to go, ________ from today.
13. I hadn’t seen her for 20 years, but I________ her immediately.
14. If you________ by something, it causes you to behave in a particular way.
15. The lighting of the Olympic torch________ peace and friendship among the nations of the world.
【答案】11. reflected
12. counting
13. recognized
14. are motivated
15. symbolizes
【解析】
【11题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：他看见自己映在水中。根据in the water可知，他自己映在水中，空格处意为“映出”，用reflect，句中谓语是saw，空格处用非谓语动词，himself和reflect之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填reflected。
【12题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：从今天算起，还有12周。由“There are 12 weeks to go”可知，句子表示“从今天算起，还有12周”，空格处是“数”，是count，句中谓语是are，空格处用非谓语动词，count的逻辑主语是人，与count之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，此处是独立主格结构，故填counting。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：我有20年没见过她了，但我立刻认出了她。由“I hadn’t seen her for 20 years, but”可知，句子表示“我有20年没见过她了，但我立刻认出了她”，空格处意为“认出”，是recognize，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式recognized，故填recognized。
【14题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：如果你被某件事所激励，它会导致你以某种特定的方式行事。由“it causes you to behave in a particular way”可知，句子表示“如果你被某件事所激励，它会导致你以某种特定的方式行事”，空格处意为“激励”，是motivate，由by可知，句子用被动语态，由causes可知，句子时态是一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语you是第二人称，因此空格处是are motivated，故填are motivated。
【15题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：点燃奥林匹克火炬象征着世界各国之间的和平与友谊。由“The lighting of the Olympic torch”和“peace and friendship among the nations of the world”可知，句子表示“点燃奥林匹克火炬象征着世界各国之间的和平与友谊”，空格处意为“象征”，是symbolize，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是动名词lighting，其后谓语动词用单数，因此空格处是第三人称单数symbolizes，故填symbolizes。
选词填空

16. You can improve your________ by exercising.
17. The latest missiles can be fired with________ accuracy.
18. My doctor said the problem was more________ than physical.
19. He is successful because he has a/an________ interest in music.
20. The________ of prizes and certificates will take place in the main hall.
【答案】16. flexibility
17. incredible
18. emotional
19. passionate
20 presentation
【解析】
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：你可以通过锻炼来提高灵活性。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。根据句意，此处指“通过锻炼来提高身体的灵活性”，故用形容词flexible的名词flexibility作宾语，意为“灵活性；柔韧性”。故填flexibility。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：最新的导弹可以以难以置信的精度发射。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语。根据句意，此处指“难以置信的精度”，故用incredibly的形容词incredible作定语修饰accuracy，意为“难以置信的；极好的”。故填incredible。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我的医生说这个问题更多的是情绪上的，而不是身体上的。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。根据句意，此处指“情绪上的”，故用emotion的形容词emotional作表语，意为“感情的；情感的；情绪的”。故填emotional。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他之所以成功，是因为他对音乐有着浓厚的兴趣。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语。根据句意，此处指“浓厚的兴趣”，故用passion的形容词passionate，意为“热情的；热诚的；狂热的”。故填passionate。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：颁奖典礼将在大厅举行。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作主语。根据句意，此处指“颁奖典礼”，在定冠词The后用present的名词presentation，意为“演示；提交；授予；颁发；颁奖仪式”。故填presentation。
二、根据提示翻译句子。8'
21. 我们将探索各种收集信息的方法。(approach)（汉译英）
【答案】We will explore various approaches to gathering information.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、名词和动名词。分析句意可知，句子时态用一般将来时，“我们将探索”是we will explore，“各种”是various，“收集信息”是gather information，“……的方法”是approach to doing，位于various后需用复数，故翻译为We will explore various approaches to gathering information.
22. 她所有的时间都在抱怨她的经理。(complain) （汉译英）
【答案】She spends all her time complaining about her manager.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，固定短语和主谓一致。“所有的时间都在做某事”用固定短语spend all one’s time doing sth.，主语是she，因此one’s用her，句子描述经常性动作，时态用一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，因此spend用第三人称单数，“抱怨她的经理”是complain about her manager，因此整句话翻译为“She spends all her time complaining about her manager”，故答案为She spends all her time complaining about her manager.
23. 接下来您和另外三位评委讨论并确定第一、 二、三名获奖选手。(decision) （汉译英）
【答案】Next you discuss with three other judges and make a decision on the first, second and third winners.
【解析】
【详解】考查祈使句和固定短语。“接下来”是next，“您和另外三位评委讨论并确定第一-、 二、三名获奖选手”用祈使句，“您和另外三位评委讨论”是you discuss with three other judges，“并确定”是and make a decision on，“第一、 二、三名获奖选手”是the first, second and third winners，故答案为Next you discuss with three other judges and make a decision on the first, second and third winners.
24. 他的研究不仅已经帮助中国找到摆脱饥饿的方法，同时还促进了世界和平和社会发展。(contribute) （汉译英）
【答案】His research has not only helped China find a way to remove hunger, but also contributed to world peace and social development.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。not only...but also...不仅……而且……； way to do sth.做某事的方法；remove hunger摆脱饥饿；contribute to促进； world peace世界和平；social development社会发展。陈述过去事情对现在的影响，用现在完成时。主语为His research，谓语动词用has。根据句意，故翻译为His research has not only helped China find a way to remove hunger, but also contributed to world peace and social development.
第二部分语法(共10分)
三、语法填空。阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
语法填空
They say that you can't teach____25____ old dog new tricks, but when it comes to the brain, scientists have discovered that this old saying simply isn't true. The human brain has an____26____ (astonish) ability to adapt and change- even into old age. This ability is known as neuroplasticity (神经可塑性). The brain's incredible ability to reshape____27____ (it) holds true when it comes to learning and memory. You can harness the natural power of neuroplasticity to increase your cognitive abilities, enhance your ability to learn new information, and improve your memory at any age.
【答案】25. an 26. astonishing
27. itself
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了人类的大脑有着惊人的适应和改变能力，这种能力被称为神经可塑性。人们可以利用神经可塑性的自然力量来提高认知能力，增强学习新信息的能力，以及提高记忆力。
【25题详解】
考查冠词。句意：人们说你不能教一只老狗新把戏（你不可能使守旧的人接受新事物）但当涉及到大脑时，科学家们发现这句老话根本不是真的。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。此处指“一只，一个”，表泛指，故用不定冠词。因old读音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。
【26题详解】
考查形容词。句意：人类的大脑有着惊人的适应和改变的能力，甚至到了老年。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词。此处修饰名词ability，指“惊人的，令人惊讶的”，故用astonish的现在分词形式astonishing。故填astonishing。
【27题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：当涉及学习和记忆时，大脑惊人的自我重塑能力是正确的。分析句子可知，空格处应填入代词作宾语。主语是The brain，此处指“大脑自我修复”，故用it的反身代词itself。故填itself。
B
语法填空
When lockdowns____28____ (happen), suddenly location just didn’t matter as much anymore. “We saw a lot of re-deepening with long-distance relationships,” Nelson said. “Before this, we didn’t want to be on the phone. But through calls, texts and video chats, long-distance friends were able____29____ (stay) in touch and deepen their connections.” Nelson also said there was a big trend that people reached out to former friends they____30____ (lose) contact with in a while. “When people couldn’t go meet new people and felt lonely, their only option was to reconnect with someone.”
【答案】28. happened
29. to stay
30. had lost
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要指出封锁可以促进人与人之间的交流。
【28题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：当封锁突然发生时，位置不再那么重要了。分析句子可知，空格处应填时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句的谓语didn’t matter，可以判断从句用一般过去时时。故应填happened。
【29题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：但通过电话、短信和视频聊天，异地朋友可以保持联系，加深联系。分析句子结构，根据上文were able可知需填入to构成be able to短语，后接动词原形，意为“会，能够”。故填to stay。
【30题详解】
考查过去完成时。句意：尼尔森还表示，现在有一个大趋势，就是人们会联系已经失去联系一段时间的前朋友。分析句子可知，空格处应作定语从句的谓语动词，根据句意可以判断从句动作lose应发生在主句的谓语 reached out to之前，故应用过去完成时。故应填had lost。
C
语法填空
As Nick Gleason said, “Success is all about going from failure to failure without losing____31____ (enthusiastic)” Failure ____32____ (associate) with perseverance, and it can even prove very useful in your journey. It must be admitted that living through it allows you to appreciate the full flavor of success later on! Moreover, it allows you to pause and reflect on____33____ has put you in check. In____34____ (do) so, you can consider alternatives that you might not have thought of and that will help you in the pursuit of your project. In this way, failure can be beneficial.
【答案】31. enthusiasm
32. is associated
33. what 34. doing
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了失败的作用和意义。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：成功就是屡败屡战而不失热情。根据句意和空格前介词without可知，应填入名词enthusiasm作宾语，意为“热情”。故填enthusiasm。
【32题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：失败与坚持不懈有关，它甚至可以在你的人生旅程中被证明是非常有用的。分析句子可知，associate(联系)是分句中谓语动词，与主语Failure之间是被动关系，结合上下文，讲述人生哲理，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式。故填is associated。
【33题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：此外，它还能让你停下来，反思是什么让你止步不前。连接代词what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，表示“……的人/事/物/话/地方”。分析句子可知，空格后是宾语从句，从句引导词在从句中作主语，表示“让你止步不前的事情”。综上，应用连接代词what引导词该宾语从句。故填what。
【34题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在这样做的过程中，您可以考虑您可能没有想到的替代方案，这将有助于您追求您的项目。介词后跟动名词作宾语。故填doing。
第三部分阅读理解(共32分)
四、阅读6篇短文，从每题所给的选项中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑;或者根据短文内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡上。(第 43-47题每题1分)
A
A study by the Institute for Employment Studies found that older learners reported higher life enjoyment and greater confidence. The following apps will help you learn something new.
1. Quizlet
Best for: Boosting your knowledge and brushing up your skills
Whether you're brushing up on a language, gardening knowledge and cooking techniques, or having a good command of your favourite literature classics, the online learning platform, Quizlet, gives you access to over 300 million different study sets on almost any subject you can imagine- for free.
2. Babbel
Best for: Learning a new language
As well as being a great skill to show off on holiday, learning a new language can have profound effects on the way you approach problem-solving and might even give you a leg-up in your career.
With classes designed to be 10-15 minutes long, Babbel encourages learning in short, yet achievable, bursts.
So this summer, whether you' re on the beach soaking up some sun, or simply relaxing at home, why not give language learning a try?
3 Blinkist
Best for: Bite-sized book learning
Blinkist is the perfect app to assist you this summer, providing the key highlights from non-fiction books in both audio and text form.
Whether you want to start a new business, improve your management skills, or achieve a better work/life balance, micro-learning app Blinkist takes key ideas from non-fiction texts and summarize them into easy-to-consume 15-minute digests.
4. Remente
Best for: Improving mental wellbeing
Stress is something that most of us face on a daily basis — be it at work or at home- and continual worry and stress can be harmful to our health.
Whether the aim is to improve mental wellbeing, mindfulness, stress management or personal or professional relationships, Remente guides a user through every step in order to make their goals a reality. It does this through slitting your overall aim into daily goals, making large tasks manageable and keeping you on track.
35. Which app could help you if you feel great pressure in your work?
A. Quizlet. B. Babbel. C. Blinkist. D. Remente.
36. What do Quizlet and Babbel have in common? They both .
A. provide free classes for users B. are suitable for language learning
C. offer 10-15 minutes classes for users D. help improve your problem-solving skills
37. What is the purpose to write the passage?
A. To attract people to use the apps.
B. To explain some new inventions.
C. To persuade people to buy their products.
D. To entertain readers with some interesting things.
【答案】35. D 36. B 37. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几款能帮助你学习新东西的应用程序。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据Remente部分“Whether the aim is to improve mental wellbeing, mindfulness, stress management or personal or professional relationships, Remente guides a user through every step in order to make their goals a reality.（无论目的是改善心理健康、正念、压力管理还是个人或职业关系，Remente都会引导用户完成每一步，以实现他们的目标。）”可知，如果你在工作中感到巨大压力，Remente可以帮助你。故选D。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据Quizlet部分“Whether you're brushing up on a language（无论你是在温习一门语言）”以及Babbel部分“Best for: Learning a new language（最适合：学习一门新语言）”可知，这两个应用程序都适用于学语言。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一自然段“A study by the Institute for Employment Studies found that older learners reported higher life enjoyment and greater confidence. The following apps will help you learn something new.（就业研究所的一项研究发现，年龄较大的学习者更享受生活，更有信心。以下应用程序将帮助你学习新知识。）”可知，本文主要介绍了几款能帮助人们学习新东西的应用程序，旨在吸引人们使用这些应用程序。故选A。
B
I noticed a dad and his son at the park. His son wasn’t able to communicate, but he seemed satisfied sitting in the sand. The dad explained to me that his son could only make some sounds. The boy had been in speech therapy (言语治疗) for years. After so much time in therapy, the boy was able to keep eye contact for a few seconds! He told me how expensive the therapies for his son’s special needs were and what a pleasure it was to see all of the years of hard work pay off.
As we talked about therapy, the dad shared with me that his goal for his boy was to someday be able to go for ice cream together. He said his father used to take him out for ice cream and he hoped he could do the same with his child. Suddenly, the son stopped putting his fingers in the sand, looked at his father and said, “hi”. Seconds later the boy went back into his own world. The dad wanted to say something, but be couldn’t. His love for this boy was so great that the words would not come. But what did come were tears. Those tears conveyed how proud he was of his son.
Although they were strangers to me, I am happy to have shared the unforgettable moment. I hope someday they will be able to go for ice cream and have a beautiful father and son outing. This event touched me deeply and made me consider my relationship with my own father. I hope that as they communicate further, more and more memories will be created for them to share. I believe the feelings held by all awesome fathers — their hard work, their love, their pride, and their tears of love — are all the same.
38. Paraphrase the underlined part in Paragraph 1.
39. How did the father feel after his son said “hi” to him?
40. What does the author want to tell us through the story?
A. A father’s love for his children is touching.
B. All the parents value their children’s achievements.
C. Strong relationship with a father is good for children.
D. Children with illnesses should be paid more attention to.
【答案】38. How great it was to see his son’s progress in spite of years of hard work!
39. He felt proud. 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者见到了一个几乎不能说话的儿子和他的父亲，了解到他们之间的感人故事。从而引发了作者对自己和父亲之间关系的思考，让我们感叹父爱的伟大。
【38题详解】
考查推理判断。根据划线句子“what a pleasure it was to see all of the years of hard work pay off. (看到这么多年的辛勤工作得到回报是多么令人高兴)”可推知，此处指父亲看到孩子经过长时间的治疗取得的进步感到欣慰。故答案为How great it was to see his son’s progress in spite of years of hard work!
【39题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二自然段“Those tears conveyed how proud he was of his son. (这些眼泪表达了他对儿子的骄傲)”可知，这位父亲感到很骄傲。故答案为He felt proud。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“I believe the feelings held by all awesome fathers — their hard work, their love, their pride, and their tears of love- are all the same. (我相信所有了不起的父亲所拥有的情感——他们的辛勤工作、他们的爱、他们的骄傲和他们的爱之泪——都是一样的)”可知，这是本文的主旨句。本文就是要通过这对父子之间的故事说明父爱是无条件的、是伟大的、是动人的。故选A。
C
Chinese sprinter Su Bingtian called himself one of the biggest beneficiaries of sport exchange between China and the Western world in an interview with China News Service (CNS).
31-year- old Su made history in the Tokyo Olympics by setting the new Asian record for men’s 100m at 9.83 seconds in the semifinal and finishing sixth in the final at 9.98 seconds. There used to be the biased view that no Asian sprinter can finish 100m within 10 seconds. Su proved people wrong with his performance. “I never thought we couldn’t do it, but there have been some problems with our concept of training the whole time. Now we did it by finishing at 9.83 seconds. That’s best proof to beat such prejudice,” said Su to CNS.

Su Bingtian of China celebrates after finishing men’s 100m semifinal at 9.83 seconds in the Tokyo Olympics at the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo, Japan, August I, 2021. /CFP
Su believes scientific training plays a key role in his success. “I realized that running as much as possible does not necessarily help you run faster. Scientific training attaches more importance to applying of technique and requires you to do it right instead of doing it a lot. In that way, athletes can save more strength in training and recover faster,” said Su.
According to Su, he did not understand some of the moves coaches asked him to do when he went to train abroad at the beginning. It took him years to realize the importance of scientific training, especially stamina allocation (耐力分配)，as well as how to do it on the field. “That’s why I chose to change how I started off at the end of 2014 and acquired a new running pace,” said Su.
Su and his American coach Randy Huntington began to cooperate in 2017. Huntington made detailed analysis of Su’s condition based on “champion model”from the start before arranging specific training sessions for Su to work on. Su said that played a key role in the process of him making breakthrough.
When asked if there will be another “Su Bingtian” in the future, Su’s answer was “Yes, 100 percent.” “People in the future can definitely do what I can do. I’m looking forward to seeing if they can do it better than me. All records are to be broken,” said Su.
41. According to Paragraph 2, what was the significance of Su’s achievement?
42. Why did Su change his way of training?
A. Because coaches asked him to do so when he went to train abroad.
B. Because coaches analyzed Su’s condition based on “champion model”.
C. Because he grasped the significance and methods of scientific training.
D. Because he wanted to save more strength in training and recover faster.
43. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A People will do the same as Su Bingtian did.
B. No body will do what Su Bingtian has done.
C. Su Bingtian wants to see who will break his record.
D. Su Bingtian thinks someone will do better than him.
44. Give this passage a title.
【答案】41. The significance of Su’s achievement is that Su became the first Asian to finish the men’s 100 m race at 9.83seconds and his achievement proves that Asian sprinter can finish 100m within 10 seconds. 42. C 43. D
44. The first Asian to finish the men’s 100 m race within 10 seconds
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短跑运动员苏炳添在东京奥运会上以9.83秒的成绩打破了亚洲纪录，成为第一个在十秒内跑完100米的亚洲人，打破了人们认为亚洲人天生就不可能在西方长期主宰的项目上取得成功的偏见。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“31-year- old Su made history in the Tokyo Olympics by setting the new Asian record for men’s 100m at 9.83 seconds in the semifinal and finishing sixth in the final at 9.98 seconds. There used to be the biased view that no Asian sprinter can finish 100m within 10 seconds. Su proved people wrong with his performance.(31岁的苏炳天在东京奥运会上创造了历史，他在半决赛中以9秒83的成绩创造了男子100米的亚洲新纪录，在决赛中以9秒98的成绩名列第六。过去有一种偏见，认为亚洲短跑运动员不可能在10秒内跑完100米。苏用他的表现证明人们错了。)”可知苏的成就的意义在于成功地证明了亚洲短跑运动员也可以在100米赛跑中表现出色。故答案为The significance of Su’s achievement is that Su became the first Asian to finish the men’s 100 m race at 9.83 seconds and his achievement proves that Asian sprinter can finish 100 m within 10 seconds.
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“It took him years to realize the importance of scientific training, especially stamina allocation (耐力分配)，as well as how to do it on the field. “That’s why I chose to change how I started off at the end of 2014 and acquired a new running pace,” said Su.(他花了很多年才意识到科学训练的重要性，尤其是耐力分配，以及如何在球场上做到这一点。“这就是为什么我选择在2014年底改变我的跑步方式，获得了一个新的跑步速度。”苏说。)”可知苏之所以改变训练方式，是因为他掌握了科学训练的意义和方法。故选C项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““People in the future can definitely do what I can do. I’m looking forward to seeing if they can do it better than me. All records are to be broken,” said Su.(“将来的人一定能做我能做的事。我期待着看他们是否能比我做得更好。所有的记录都会被打破。”苏说。)”可知苏相信在将来一定有人会比他做得得更好。故选D项。
【44题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“31-year- old Su made history in the Tokyo Olympics by setting the new Asian record for men’s 100m at 9.83 seconds in the semifinal and finishing sixth in the final at 9.98 seconds. There used to be the biased view that no Asian sprinter can finish 100m within 10 seconds. Su proved people wrong with his performance. (31岁的苏炳天在东京奥运会上创造了历史，他在半决赛中以9秒83的成绩创造了男子100米的亚洲新纪录，在决赛中以9秒98的成绩名列第六。过去有一种偏见，认为亚洲短跑运动员不可能在10秒内跑完100米。苏用他的表现证明人们错了。)”以及全文的内容可知文章主要在围绕着苏炳天打破100男子短跑纪录的意义及原因所展开，所以The first Asian to finish the men’s 100 m race within 10 seconds(第一位在10秒内完成男子100米比赛的亚洲选手)符合文意。故文章的题目为The first Asian to finish the men’s 100 m race within 10 seconds。
D
In our fiercely competitive society, achievement has become the top priority for many. According to national survey of 10,000 students, almost 80 percent of youth identified individual achievement or happiness as most important to them, while only 20 percent selected caring for others.
Our youth often strive to be successful even if it comes at a cost to their mental health, which may help explain increasing rates of anxiety and depression among the youth.
Actually, youth attitudes about achievement start with adults. Young people follow in the footsteps of adults. They can see how we treat success and productivity as symbols of honor. We reward the youth for being straight-A students. We encourage them to boost their resumes with endless extracurricular activities. We may tell our children that we value kindness and empathy (共情) but do not always promote these values with the same enthusiasm and efforts.
Our current obsession with achievement is likely fueling anxiety while damaging the fabric of our society. If we want to heal individually and collectively then we need to examine some relationships. This process starts by recognizing that success is not equal to sustained happiness. It makes more sense to achieve with the aim of making a positive contribution to the life of others. If you judge success only by individual measures such as money, power, or fame, you will probably be disappointed. Furthermore, let’s break the myth that kindness is a barrier to achievement. There is a false statement that kindness is weakness. However, the opposite is true.
Evidence suggests that children who care for others achieve more than those who do not. Kindness and achievement are not mutually exclusive. One can strive to achieve their individual goals and be kind to others.
Our drive to achieve is not necessarily a bad thing. It can have a positive impact on the lives of others. The problem occurs when we pursue success only for individual purposes. This may ultimately come at a cost to our mental health, our loved ones, and society.
45. The author presents some data to show that ________.
46. We can learn from Paragraph 4 that .
A. achievement damages the society B. success means sustained happiness
C. a barrier to achievement is weakness D. kindness helps people to achieve more
47. Which of the following may the author mainly intend to explain?
A. Achievement is the most important.
B. There are many reasons for success.
C. Only aiming at individual goals causes problems.
D. Pursuing success has both bad and good influences.
48. What’s the author’s attitude towards the desire to achieve?
A. Skeptical. B. Objective.
C. Approving. D. Pessimistic.
【答案】45. achievement is ranked top 46. D 47. C 48. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了年轻人对成功狂热的原因、危害以及解决方案。
【45题详解】
考查推理判断。根据文章第一段“According to national survey of 10,000 students, almost 80 percent of youth identified individual achievement or happiness as most important to them, while only 20 percent selected caring for others.(根据一项针对1万名学生的全国性调查，近80%的年轻人认为个人成就或幸福对他们来说最重要，而只有20%的人选择关心他人。) ”可推断，作者是通过展示一些数据来证明在我们竞争激烈的社会中，成就已成为许多人的头等大事，成就是排名第一的事。故答案为achievement is ranked top。
46题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Furthermore, let’s break the myth that kindness is a barrier to achievement. There is a false statement that kindness is weakness. However, the opposite is true. (此外，让我们打破善良是成就的障碍的神话。有一种错误的说法，善良就是软弱。然而，事实恰恰相反。) ”可知，善良帮助人们获得更多。故选D。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Our youth often strive to be successful even if it comes at a cost to their mental health, which may help explain increasing rates of anxiety and depression among the youth.(我们的年轻人经常努力取得成功，即使这以牺牲他们的心理健康为代价，这可能有助于解释为什么年轻人中焦虑和抑郁的比例越来越高。)”和最后一段“The problem occurs when we pursue success only for individual purposes. This may ultimately come at a cost to our mental health, our loved ones, and society. (当我们只为个人目的追求成功时，问题就出现了。这最终可能会以我们的心理健康、我们所爱的人和社会为代价。) ”及全文可推断，作者主要想解释只着眼于个人目的会导致问题。故选C。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Our drive to achieve is not necessarily a bad thing. It can have a positive impact on the lives of others. The problem occurs when we pursue success only for individual purposes. This may ultimately come at a cost to our mental health, our loved ones, and society.(我们追求成就的动力不一定是坏事。它可以对其他人的生活产生积极的影响。当我们只为个人目的追求成功时，问题就出现了。这最终可能会以我们的心理健康、我们所爱的人以及社会为代价。)”可知，作者对实现愿望的态度是不带个人情感的、客观的。故选B。
E
To learn to think is to learn to question. Those who don’t question never truly think for themselves. These are simple rules that have governed the advancement of science and human thought since the beginning of time. Advancements are made when thinkers question theories and introduce new ones. Unfortunately, it is often the great and respected thinkers who end up slowing the progress of human thought. Aristotle was a brilliant philosopher whose theories explained much of the natural world, often incorrectly. He was so esteermed (敬重) by the scientific community that even 1,200 years after his death, scientists were still trying to build upon his mistakes rather than correct them!
Brilliant minds can frighten up-and-coming thinkers who are not confident of their abilities. They often believe they are inferior to the minds of giants such as Aristotle, leading many to accept current paradigms (范例) instead of questioning them.
I, like many thinkers of the past, once believed in my mental inferiority. But that attitude soon changed. My mind’s independence was first stimulated in the classroom.
A stern 65-year-old elementary school science teacher once told me that light is a type of wave. I confidently went through years of school believing that light is a wave. One day, however I heard the German exchange student mention that light could be made up of particles. As the others laughed at his statement, I started to question my beliefs.
Maybe the teachers and textbooks hadn’t given me the whole story. I went to the library, did some research and learned of the light-as-a-wave versus light- as-a-particle debate. I read about Einstein’s discovery of the dual nature of light and learned the facts of a paradox (悖论) that puzzles the world’s greatest thinkers to this day. Light behaves as both a particle and a wave, it is both at once. I realized I had gone through life accepting only half of the story as the whole truth.
Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning. How many things do we know for sure today that we will question in the future? Some knowledge may change in the next 20 years —maybe even in the next two. The one thing we can control now is our openness to discovery. Questions are the tools of open minds, and open minds are the key to intellectual advancement.
49. In the first paragraph, Aristotle is taken as an example to show that_______. (No more than 15 words)
50. Who promotes the intellectual advancement?
51. Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why.
Because of the exchange student, the author began to question his beliefs and do research to find the truth and he wanted to keep doing research.
52. What else can you do to promote the development of science? And explain. (In about 40 words)
【答案】49. huge influence of great thinkers may block human thought.
50. Thinkers who question theories and introduce new ones.
51. Because of the exchange student, the author began to question his beliefs and do research to find the truth and he wanted to keep doing research. Because the sixth paragraph of the article mentioned that “Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning.” So we know that the author thought questioning is the path to knowledge and truth, and he wanted to continue questioning.
52. We can spread the knowledge of science and stimulate people’s interest in science.Once people’s interest is stimulated, there is likely to be more and more innovation in science, so we can do this to promote the development of science.

【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讲述质疑权威的重要性。只有不断质疑以前的理论并提出新的理论时，社会才得以进步。质疑是通向知识和真理的途径，质疑是开放思想的工具，开放思想是智力进步的关键。
【49题详解】
考查细节理解。根据原文第一段“Unfortunately, it is often the great and respected thinkers who end up slowing the progress of human thought.”（不幸的是，往往是伟大而受人尊敬的思想家最终减缓了人类思想的进步）可知一些伟大的思想家减缓了人类进步的步伐，原文以亚里士多德为例说明了这点。故答案为huge influence of great thinkers may block human thought.
【50题详解】
考查推理判断。根据原文第一段“Advancements are made when thinkers question theories and introduce new ones.”（当思想家质疑理论并引入新的理论时，进步就产生了）可知，那些质疑并引入新理论的思想家们促进了智力进步。故答案为Thinkers who question theories and introduce new ones.
【51题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第六段“Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning.”（质疑是通向知识和真理的途径，我打算继续质疑。）可知作者认为质疑是通向知识和真理的途径，他打算继续质疑而不是做研究。故答案为：Because of the exchange student, the author began to question his beliefs and do research to find the truth and he wanted to keep doing research. Because the sixth paragraph of the article mentioned that “Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning.” So we know that the author thought questioning is the path to knowledge and truth, and he wanted to continue questioning.
【52题详解】
开放性问题。答案不唯一，符合逻辑即可，字数不超过40。We can spread the knowledge of science and stimulate people’s interest in science. Once people’s interest is stimulated, there is likely to be more and more innovation in science, so we can do this to promote the development of science.
F
Your Weak-Tie Friendships Matter
For nearly ten years, I have spent my Monday evenings attending rehearsals for my amateur choir (合唱队). By the end of the rehearsal, I usually feel energized. The singing does me good. So do the people. ____53____ We exchange brief chats, smiles and jokes — but that is enough for me to come away feeling a little better about the world.
There is no choir practice now. I miss it. In lockdown, I do not feel short on emotional support, but I do feel short of friendly faces and casual conversations. ____54____
In 1973, Mark Granovetter, a sociology professor at Stanford University, published a paper entitled “The Strength of Weak Ties.” Until then, scholars had assumed that an individual’s well-being depended mainly on the quality of their relationships with their close friends and family. Granovetter showed that quantity mattered, too. ____55____ His central insight was that weak ties are more important to us than strong ones. As Granovetter pointed out, we depend on acquaintances (相识的人) whom we see infrequently to bring us news of opportunities.
This was the idea behind Jobs’s building. It has a large central hall through which employees from different departments have to pass several times a day. Jobs wanted colleagues to bump into each other and chat. He believed in the power of these seemingly random conversations to fire up creativity.
____56____ Gillian Sandstrom, a senior lecturer in psychology at the University of Essex, investigated the extent to which people get happiness from weak-tie relationships. She found that on days when a person had a greater number of casual interactions with weak ties — say, a neighbor, a member of yoga class — they experienced more happiness and a greater sense of belonging.
For these reasons, we should continue to find ways to cultivate weak-tie relationships, during lockdown and beyond. ____57____ The goal is to let others know that you are thinking of them without asking for a great deal of time, energy or attention.
A. Another way of putting this is that I miss my “weak ties”.
B. “Strong ties” and “weak ties” play different roles in people life.
C. Encounters with weak ties can be good for our mental well-being, too.
D. I consider them as my close friends to talk with and share my feelings.
E. He categorized a person’s social world as “strong ties” and “weak ties”.
F. With a few exceptions, I would not describe my fellow choir members as close friends.
G. Sandstrom adds that we can also engage in more weak-tie-style interactions with our strong ties.
【答案】53. F 54. A 55. E 56. C 57. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者结合自身的经历讲述了泛泛之交的好处，告诉我们泛泛之交很重要。
【53题详解】
根据上文“So do the people.(那里的人也是)”及下文“We exchange brief chats, smiles and jokes…(我们简短地聊天，微笑，开玩笑……)”可知，作者是描述和合唱队里的人的关系，仅仅是简单地聊天，微笑和开玩笑，F项“除了少数例外，我不认为我的合唱队成员是亲密的朋友”符合语境。故选F项。
【54题详解】
根据上文“I miss it. In lockdown, I do not feel short on emotional support, but I do feel short of friendly faces and casual conversations.(我想念它。在封锁期间，我并不缺乏情感支持，但我确实缺乏友好的面孔和随意的交谈)”可知，作者在封锁期间想念合唱队的那些点头之交，A项“换句话说，我怀念我的‘弱关系’”符合语境。故选A项。
【55题详解】
根据上文“Granovetter showed that quantity mattered, too.(Granovetter表示，数量也很重要)”可知，此处提到了Granovetter的观点，下文“His central insight was that weak ties are more important to us than strong ones.(他的核心见解是，对我们来说，弱关系比强关系更重要)”提到了他关于“强关系”和“弱关系”的观点，E项“他把一个人的社会世界分为‘强关系’和‘弱关系’”符合语境。故选E项。
【56题详解】
根据下文“Gillian Sandstrom, a senior lecturer in psychology at the University of Essex, investigated the extent to which people get happiness from weak-tie relationships. She found that on days when a person had a greater number of casual interactions with weak ties — say, a neighbor, a member of yoga class-they experienced more happiness and a greater sense of belonging.(埃塞克斯大学心理学高级讲师Gillian Sandstrom调查了人们从弱关系中获得幸福感的程度。她发现，当一个人与弱关系——比如与邻居、瑜伽课的成员——有更多随意互动的日子里，他们会体验到更多的快乐和更大的归属感)”可知，本段主要讲述弱关系能让人体验到更多的快乐和归属感，C项“接触弱关系对我们的精神健康也有好处”引起下文，符合语境。故选C项。
【57题详解】
上文“For these reasons, we should continue to find ways to cultivate weak-tie relationships, during lockdown and beyond.(出于这些原因，我们应该在封锁期间和以后继续寻找培养弱关系的方法)”提到我们应该寻找培养弱关系的方法，G项“Sandstrom补充说，我们也可以与我们的强关系进行更多的弱关系式互动”提供了一种培养弱关系的具体方法。故选G项。
第五部分:书面表达(共10分)
六、写作(共10分)
58. 假设你是李华，你校将举办中国传统文化展，请写封信邀请你的外教Kevin参加，100 词左右，内容包括:
1、表达邀请并说明理由;
2、 活动介绍(目的、时间、地点、内容等)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Kevin,
       I'm writing to invite you to the Traditional Chinese Culture Fair to be held by our school at the Art Center this Friday afternoon, lasting from 2pm to 5pm.
       Since this event aims to help more people learn about the traditional Chinese culture, the staff, all the students and their parents as well as anyone interested in it are welcome. At the fair, related books, pictures, videos and objects will be exhibited, through which visitors will not only understand traditional Chinese culture much better but definitely feel the unique beauty of it.
       If you're interested, please come and enjoy it. And I'd be glad to offer any help.
       Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Kevin写信邀请他参加学校即将举办的中国传统文化展。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旨在：aim to→is aimed at
展览：exhibit→show
肯定地：definitely→ surely
提供：offer→ provide
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I'm writing to invite you to the Traditional Chinese Culture Fair to be held by our school at the Art Center this Friday afternoon, lasting from 2 pm. to 5 pm.
拓展句：I'm writing to invite you to the Traditional Chinese Culture Fair which will be held by our school at the Art Center this Friday afternoon, lasting from 2 pm. to 5 pm.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Since this event aims to help more people learn about the traditional Chinese culture, the staff, all the students and their parents as well as anyone interested in it are welcome.（运用了since引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】At the fair, related books, pictures, videos and objects will be exhibited, through which visitors will not only understand traditional Chinese culture much better but definitely feel the unique beauty of it.（运用了“介词+which”引导的定语从句以及not only … but (also) 句型）