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江苏省南通市海安市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份江苏省南通市海安市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021~2022学年末学业质量监测试卷
高一英语
注意事项
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1. 本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卷交回。
2. 答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字第填写在答题卷上。
3. 请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号与你本人的是否相符
4. 作答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米的签字笔写在答题卷上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面的5段对话。每段对话后都有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman suggest the man do first?
A. Rent an apartment. B. Call the house owner. C. Pay his electricity bill.
2. Why won't the woman stay at her own house?
A. She is locked out.
B. She is scared of being alone.
C. She is invited to her brother's house.
3. What do we know about the woman?
A. She likes vegetable soup. B. She has a bad cough. C. She just had a rest.
4. What are the speakers going to do?
A. Go shopping. B. Change clothes. C. Attend a wedding.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Workmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Husband and wife.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给时A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the man do sports?
A. At a badminton court. B. At Springfield Sports Center. C. At Moulton Industrial Park.
7. How much does the man pay?
A. £10. B. £30. C. £200.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To book a flight. B. To cancel a visit. C. To inform him of a change.
9. What industry do the speakers work in?
A. Cloth. B. Technology. C. Advertising.
10. What will the man do?
A. Call the potential customer. B. Reschedule the meeting. C. Take another flight.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the man's school need to raise money?
A. To buy more books. B. To help people in need. C. To have a field trip.
12. How will the man's school raise money?
A. By going camping. B. By selling posters. C. By washing cars.
13. Where will the activity take place?
A. At school. B. At a camping site. C. At each student's home.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the woman doing?
A. Seeking help. B. Sharing an experience. C. Offering information.
15. What does the man need to do?
A. Show his passport. B. Complete some forms. C. Bring his credit card.
16. Why is a bank statement needed?
A. It offers one's address.
B. It proves one's identity.
C. It shows one's economic condition.
17. How many books can the man borrow at a time?
A. 12. B. 8. C. 4.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Ways of reducing stress. B. Tips on spending holidays. C. Reasons for taking a holiday.
19. What will happen if people take few holidays?
A. They are hardly affected. B. They may suffer great stress. C. They can work more productively.
20. What problem can stress cause?
A. Bad sleep. B. Poor memory. C. Reduced responsibility.
第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Healthy House Plants: A Complete Gulde to Gardening Indoors
BBC Gardeners’ World Magazine has collaborated (合作) with digital educational platform, FutureLearn, to bring you a brand new online gardening course — Healthy House Plants: A Complete Guide to Gardening Indoors. This four-week online course has been designed to provide you with tips and advice on growing indoor plants and take you on a world journey, exploring imported plants.
Your course instructor
The course is led by expert tutor and Associate Editor, David Hurrion, who will share his 50 years of gardening experience and bring his skills to you online, so you can learn from him in the comfort of your own home.
Learning on this course
You can take this self-guided course. On every step of the course you can meet other learners, share your ideas and join in with active discussions in the comments.
What’s covered in this course?
Week 1: What will you grow?
Week 2: Growing conditions and the indoor environment.
Week 3: Caring for your house plants.
Week 4: Making more plants and problem-solving.
Course registration (注册) and cost
There are three options for registering for this course：
*FREE — Access to the course is limited to six weeks, and no certificate (证书) is given.
*Upgrade for £32, unlimited time access, and a printed and digital certificate.
*Unlimited access to all FutureLearn short courses: £16.68/month.
More online courses with FutureLearn
Gardening for Beginners: The Basics and Beyond: Grow your gardening skills with easy-to-follow techniques aimed at both new and experienced home gardeners in this five-week online course.
1. What can the learners of this four-week course do?
A. Learn at their own pace. B. Receive personalized guidance.
C. Attend more online courses for free. D. Hand in a composition online.
2. What stage of the course focuses on problem-solving?
A. Week 1. B. Week 2. C. Week 3. D. Week 4.
3. How much should you pay if you want to have unlimited time access to this course?
A. £16.68. B. £32. C. £33.36. D. £48.68.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个在线园艺课程的相关信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。由Learning on this course中的“You can take this self-guided course. (你可以上这门自学课程)”可知，本课程是自学课程，所以学习者可以按照自己的节奏学习。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由What’s covered in this course?中的“Week 4: Making more plants and problem-solving. (第4周：种植更多植物和解决问题)”可知，本课程第4周侧重于解决问题。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由Course registration (注册) and cost中的“*Upgrade for E32, unlimited time access, and a printed and digital certificate. (*升级至£32，无限制时间访问，以及打印的数字证书)”可知，如果你想不受时间限制地学习本课程，你应该支付32英镑。故选B项。
B
Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes (基因), which offers the promise of one day curing inherited (遗传的) diseases. Working on opposite sides of the Atlantic, French woman Emmanuelle Charpentier and American Jennifer A. Doudna came up with a method known as CRISPR-Cas9 that can be used to change the DNA of animals and plants.
It was the first time two women had won the chemistry Nobel together — adding to the small number of female winners in the sciences, where women have long received less recognition for their work than men. The scientists’ work allows researchers to precisely edit specific genes to remove errors that lead to disease.
“There is great power in this genetic tool, which affects us all,” said Claes Gustafsson, chair of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry, “It has not only made huge progress in basic science, but also led to advances in new medical treatments.”
Charpentier, 53, spoke of the shock of winning. “Strangely enough I was told a number of times that I’d win, but when it happens you’re very surprised. And I wish that this will provide a positive message to young girls who would like to follow the path of science.”
Doudna told The Associated Press, “I actually just found out I’m in shock. And my greatest hope is that it’s used for good, to uncover new mysteries in biology and to benefit humankind.”
The Broad Institute at Harvard and MIT have been in a long court fight over patents (专利) on CRISPR technology, and many other scientists did important work on it, but Doudna and Charpentier have been most consistently (一致地) honored with prizes for turning it into an easily usable tool.
4. What do we know about the two scientists from the first two paragraphs?
A. They both work in America. B. They work harder than other females.
C. They provide a new way to edit genes. D. They are the first women to win the Nobel Prize.
5. What is Claes Gustafsson’s attitude towards the genetic tool?
A. Supportive. B. Indifferent. C. Dissatisfied. D. Doubtful.
6. What did Charpentier and Doudna think of their winning the prize?
A. They didn’t deserve the honor. B. They thought it good for them.
C. They were both surprised at it. D. They would be examples to young girls.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. Two Nobel Prize winners surprise the world.
B. Female scientists do better than male scientists.
C. There is research for developing a way of editing genes.
D. Two scientists win the Nobel Prize for gene-editing discovery.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了两名女性科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖，及她们对于获得诺贝尔化学奖的感受。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。第一段提到“Working on opposite sides of the Atlantic”（在大西洋的两岸工作），由此可知这两位科学家并没有一起在美国工作，排除A。第二段提到“It was the first time two women had won the chemistry Nobel together—adding to the small number of female winners in the sciences, where women have long received less recognition for their work than men. ”（这是第一次有两位女性同时获得诺贝尔化学奖——在科学领域，女性获奖者的数量很少，长期以来，女性在科学领域的工作得到的认可一直低于男性）此处提到的是女性科学家获得诺贝尔奖的人数较少，并没有提到她们比其他的女性工作更努力，排除B。第二段第一句提到“It was the first time two women had won the chemistry Nobel together”（这是第一次有两名女性同时获得诺贝尔化学奖）由此可知，她们是第一对获得诺贝尔奖的女性，排除D。第一段第一句提到“Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes”（两名科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖），由此可知她们提出了一种新的基因编辑的方法，C项符合题意。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。第三段提到诺贝尔化学委员会主席Claes Gustafsson对于两位女性科学家获得诺贝尔化学奖的感受，“There is great power in this genetic tool, which affects us all...It has not only made huge progress in basic science, but also led to advances in new medical treatments.”（这种基因工具蕴含着巨大的力量，它影响着我们所有人。它不仅在基础科学方面取得了巨大的进步，还引领了新的医学治疗方法的进步。）由此判断Claes Gustafsson对于这个基因工具是一种支持的态度。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。第四段提到Charpentier获奖时的想法，“Strangely enough I was told a number of times that I'd win, but when it happens you' re very surprised”（奇怪的是，很多次我都被告知我会赢，但当它真的发生时，你会非常惊讶。），第五段提到Doudna获奖时的想法“I actually just found out I'm in shock”（我刚刚才发现自己很震惊。）可知，两位科学家在得知自己获奖时都是非常惊讶的状态。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段第一句提到“Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes (基因), which offers the promise of one day curing inherited (遗传的) diseases. ”（两名科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖，这种方法有望在未来治愈遗传疾病。）结合文章内容，后文提到基因编辑工具对医学治疗方面的影响等方面，由此判断，文章讲述了两位科学家因基因编辑方法的发现而获得诺贝尔奖的故事。故选D。
C
Ludwig Van Beethoven is undoubtedly one of the greatest musicians that ever lived. Unfortunately, the master died while still working on his 10th Symphony. Now, a team of musicians and scientists have used artificial intelligence (AI) to complete the artist’s final work.
Dr Matthias Rider, a music and technology strategist, first came up with the idea to complete the composition in 2019. The director of the Karajan Institute in Austria thought it was a proper way to celebrate Beethoven’s 250th birthday in December 2020. He began by enlisting an international team of music experts to help him with the great task. They included music composer Walter Werzowa, Barry Cooper and Dr Ahmed Elgammal, the creator of an innovative AI technology for the art market.
Elgammal and his colleagues started the process by familiarizing the AI software with a broad range of classical music at first, and then, narrowed it to just Beethoven’s work. Meanwhile, Werzowa and his group tried to read the rough sketches and the handful of notes that detailed Beethoven’s plans for the 10th Symphony. The team then began the task of feeding the AI software musical notes from the unfinished composition. However, it starts to stop following the central theme after a few notes. To stay true to Beethoven’s original composition, Elgammal’s team sent Werzowa hundreds of AI-generated musical note variations every evening. Werzowa would listen to them and then select the one that he thought was closest to what the artist would have written. The AI team would add the music and rerun the software to generate the next suggestions. And piece by piece, the team was able to complete Beethoven’s 10th Symphony!
When the composition first appeared at the Telekom Forum in Beethoven’s birthplace of Bonn, Germany, the AI-generated masterpiece caused some controversy. Critics believe technology should not be used to reproduce the human creative process. Elgammal and his team agree with the stance and say their AI software is not out to replace humans — it is just a tool to help artists to express themselves in new ways.
8. Who has a good knowledge of AI technology?
A. Matthias Rider. B. Walter Werzowa. C. Barry Cooper. D. Ahmed Elgammal.
9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The good cooperation among scientists.
B. The practical suggestions from the AI team.
C. The process of completing Beethoven’s 10th Symphony.
D. The great symphony that Werzowa and his group created.
10. What does the underlined word “stance” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Opinion. B. Behavior. C. Position. D. Approach.
11. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show how great the present AI technology is.
B. To praise Dr Matthias Rider for his achievement.
C. To introduce how AI helped complete a great work.
D. To advise scientists to use AI in music composition.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个由音乐家和科学家组成的团队使用人工智能完成了贝多芬最后的作品。介绍了参与的人员、完成的过程以及人们对此的看法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They included music composer Walter Werzowa, Barry Cooper and Dr Ahmed Elgammal, the creator of an innovative AI technology for the art market.(他们包括音乐作曲家Walter Werzowa、Barry Cooper和为艺术市场开发创新人工智能技术的Ahmed Elgammal博士)”可知，Ahmed Elgammal对人工智能技术有很好的了解。故选D。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Elgammal and his colleagues started the process by familiarizing the AI software with a broad range of classical music at first, and then, narrowed it to just Beethoven’s work. Meanwhile, Werzowa and his group tried to read the rough sketches and the handful of notes that detailed Beethoven’s plans for the 10th Symphony. The team then began the task of feeding the AI software musical notes from the unfinished composition. However, it starts to stop following the central theme after a few notes. To stay true to Beethoven’s original composition, Elgammal’s team sent Werzowa hundreds of AI-generated musical note variations every evening. Werzowa would listen to them and then select the one that he thought was closest to what the artist would have written. The AI team would add the music and rerun the software to generate the next suggestions. And piece by piece, the team was able to complete Beethoven’s 10th Symphony!( Elgammal和他的同事们首先让人工智能软件熟悉了大量的古典音乐，然后把范围缩小到贝多芬的作品。与此同时，Werzowa和他的团队试图阅读粗略的草图和少量的笔记，这些笔记详细描述了贝多芬第十交响曲的计划。然后，该团队开始向人工智能软件输入未完成作品中的音符。然而，在几个音符之后，它开始停止跟随中心主题。为了忠于贝多芬的原始作曲，Elgammal的团队每天晚上都会向Werzowa发送数百个人工智能生成的音符变化。Werzowa会听它们，然后选择他认为最接近艺术家所写的。人工智能团队会添加音乐，并重新运行软件来生成下一个建议。一个接一个，这个团队完成了贝多芬的第十交响曲！)”可知，第三段主要讲的是完成贝多芬第十交响曲的过程。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Critics believe technology should not be used to reproduce the human creative process.(批评人士认为，科技不应该被用来再现人类的创造过程)”以及画线词后文“say their AI software is not out to replace humans — it is just a tool to help artists to express themselves in new ways(说他们的人工智能软件并不是要取代人类——它只是一个帮助艺术家以新的方式表达自己的工具)”可知，Elgammal和他的团队认同“科技不应该被用来再现人类的创造过程”这一观点。故画线词意思是“观点”。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Ludwig Van Beethoven is undoubtedly one of the greatest musicians that ever lived. Unfortunately, the master died while still working on his 10th Symphony. Now, a team of musicians and scientists have used artificial intelligence (AI) to complete the artist’s final work.(路德维希·凡·贝多芬无疑是有史以来最伟大的音乐家之一。不幸的是，这位大师在创作他的第十交响曲时去世了。现在，一个由音乐家和科学家组成的团队使用人工智能完成了这位艺术家的最后作品)”结合文章介绍了参与的人员、完成的过程以及人们对此的看法。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍人工智能如何帮助完成一项伟大的作品。故选C。
D
Climate change leads to threat to the world’s sandy beaches, and as many as half of them could disappear by 2100, a new study has found. Even by 2050 some coastlines could be unrecognizable from what we see today, with 10% to 12% facing serious erosion (侵蚀).
Using updated sea level rise predictions, the researchers analyzed how beaches around the world would be in a future with higher seas and more damaging storms. They also considered natural processes like wave erosion, as well as human factors — like coastal building developments, all of which can affect a beach's health. The study found that sea level rise is expected to outweigh (胜过) these other factors, and that the more heat-trapping gases human put into the atmosphere, the worse the influences on the world’s beaches are likely to be.
It’s hard to overstate just how important the world's beaches are. They cover more than one third of the world’s coastlines, and protect coastal areas from storms. Beaches are also important economic engines, supporting relaxation, tourism and other activities. And in some areas, the beach is more than a vacation destination. In places like Australia, life near the coast revolves (围绕) around the beach for much of the year.
Some of the world’s most popular beaches are already taking action. Places like Miami Beach are trucking in thousands of tons of sand to patch up (修复) badly eroded shorelines, while others have built sea walls and breakwaters in an attempt to hold precious sand in place. But the financial and environmental costs of these projects are huge, and scientists say rising seas and more powerful storms, as well as a warmer climate, may make this a losing battle.
However, the researchers did find that humans have some control over what happens to the world's beaches. If the world’s governments are able to continue cutting heat-trapping gas pollution, the researchers found that 22% of projected beach losses by 2050 could be prevented, a number that grows to 40% by 2100 if greenhouse gases are limited.
12. Which of the following mainly causes serious beach erosion?
A. Higher seas. B. Human factors.
C. Damaging storms. D. Wave erosion.
13. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A. Storms damage one third of world’s coastlines.
B. Significance of beaches can’t be underestimated.
C. Economic activities may cause damage to beaches.
D. Beaches are the only economic engine for Australia.
14. How do scientists think of the actions taken to protect beaches?
A. Costly but failed. B. Effective but not enough.
C. Orderly but slow. D. Enormous but not constant.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. Actions have been taken to protect beaches.
B. Beaches are facing the threat of disappearing.
C. Life in coastal areas mainly depends on beaches.
D. There exist challenges to protect eroded beaches.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究显示，气候变化对世界上的沙滩造成了威胁，到2100年将有一半的沙滩消失。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“The study found that sea level rise is expected to outweigh (胜过) these other factors, and that the more heat-trapping gases human put into the atmosphere, the worse the influences on the world’s beaches are likely to be. (研究发现，海平面上升预计将超过这些其他因素，而且人类向大气中排放的吸热气体越多，对世界海滩的影响可能越严重)”可知，更高的海平面主要导致严重的海滩侵蚀。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段“It’s hard to overstate just how important the world's beaches are. They cover more than one third of the world’s coastlines, and protect coastal areas from storms. Beaches are also important economic engines, supporting relaxation, tourism and other activities. And in some areas, the beach is more than a vacation destination. In places like Australia, life near the coast revolves (围绕) around the beach for much of the year. (很难夸大世界海滩的重要性。它们覆盖了世界三分之一以上的海岸线，并保护沿海地区免受风暴侵袭。海滩也是重要的经济引擎，支持休闲、旅游和其他活动。在某些地区，海滩不仅仅是度假胜地。在像澳大利亚这样的地方，海岸附近的生活在一年的大部分时间里都围绕着海滩)”可知，本段通过具体事例主要强调了海滩对人类生活非常重要，可得出海滩的重要性不容低估。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的But the financial and environmental costs of these projects are huge,and scientists say rising seas and more powerful storms,as well as a warmer climate,may make this a losing battle.（但是，这些项目的财务和环境成本是巨大的，科学家们说，海平面上升和更强烈的风暴，以及更温暖的气候，可能会使这场战斗失败。）以及第五段中“However, the researchers did find that humans have some control over what happens to the world's beaches.(然而，研究人员确实发现，人类对世界海滩的变化有一定的控制能力.)”说到人类对沙滩的治理还是有一定控制力的。可知，科学家认为这些保护海滩采取的行动是有效的，但是并不能够完全解决问题，故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段“Climate change leads to threat to the world’s sandy beaches, and as many as half of them could disappear by 2100, a new study has found. Even by 2050 some coastlines could be unrecognizable from what we see today, with 10% to 12% facing serious erosion (侵蚀). (一项新的研究发现，气候变化对世界海滩造成威胁，到2100年，其中多达一半的海滩可能消失。即使到2050年，一些海岸线也可能无法从我们今天看到的情况中辨认出来，10%到12%的海岸线面临严重侵蚀)”可知，文章首段就点明了主题，气候变化对世界上的海滩造成了威胁，到2100年将有一半的海滩消失，可得出文章主要讲海滩面临消失的威胁。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Understanding cultural body language in other countries is key to managing efficient communication, especially when we have not yet mastered a foreign language. ___16___ I hope these will help you socialize when you try to communicate with foreigners in spite of the language barrier (障碍).
Head movements
In some parts of India, people tilt (倾斜) their heads from side to side to confirm something and show that they are actively listening. In western countries, people nod to show agreement. ___17___
Eye contact
In western culture, visual contact when you speak to someone is considered a positive aspect of body language. Strong visual contact is common in Spain and the Arabic culture among people of the same sex. Not looking back when someone is looking at you is considered impolite, showing insecurity or disinterest.
___18___ In Caribbean communities, children and teenagers are taught not to look at adults in the eyes when they are being corrected.
Greetings and goodbyes
Shaking hands is a normal and formal way to greet or say goodbye in western countries. ___19___ In Romania, for example, only men usually do it. And they shake hands every time they meet, not just the first! In England, however, it’s unusual to shake hands with someone you are introduced to in an informal setting. Kissing cheeks is something done in many countries, especially in Europe, though the number of kisses, the occasion for doing so, and which cheek they start off on vary.
___20___ When you communicate with foreigners one secure way is to understand. respect and follow the culture.
A. Body language varies from country to country.
B. But it’s done in different contexts in different countries.
C. However, in Greece, nodding actually means the opposite meaning.
D. Here are a selection of gestures (姿势) and their meanings in different cultures.
E. Some cultures, such as Japanese culture, consider long-time visual contact awkward.
F. Here are five communication skills that you should keep in mind when in a foreign country.
G. However, in different countries, people may have different explanations about hands shaking.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些肢体语言及其在不同文化中的含义，希望对尝试和外国人交流的人有所帮助。
【16题详解】
结合第二段“In some parts of India, people tilt (倾斜) their heads from side to side to confirm something and show that they are actively listening. In western countries, people nod to show agreement. (在印度的一些地方，人们把头从一边歪到另一边来确认一些事情，表明他们在积极地倾听。在西方国家，人们点头表示同意)”的“在不同文化中，点头摇头意味着不同含义”的例子和下文的其他姿势也有文化差异的例子，可知本文主要讲不同文化中，姿势含义不同，D选项“以下是一些姿势及其在不同文化中的含义。”切题。故选D项。
【17题详解】
由小标题“Head movements (头部运动)”和上文“In western countries, people nod to show agreement. (在西方国家，人们点头表示同意)”可知，C选项“然而，在希腊，点头实际上意味着相反的意思。”与上文形成转折，讲不同的头部运动在不同的国家含义不同，点头在西方国家表示同意，但在希腊表示不同意。故选C项。
【18题详解】
由小标题“Eye contact (视觉接触)”，上文“In western culture, visual contact when you speak to someone is considered a positive aspect of body language. Strong visual contact is common in Spain and the Arabic culture among people of the same sex. (在西方文化中，与人交谈时的视觉接触被认为是肢体语言的积极方面。在西班牙和阿拉伯文化中，同性之间的视觉接触很常见)”和下文“In Caribbean communities, children and teenagers are taught not to look at adults in the eyes when they are being corrected. (在加勒比社区，儿童和青少年被教育在被错误时不要直视成年人的眼睛)”可知，E选项“一些文化，如日本文化，认为长时间的视觉接触很尴尬。”承接上文讲在不同的国家和文化背景下，视觉接触的含义不同，日本又是一个例子。故选E项。
【19题详解】
B选项“但它是在不同国家的不同背景下进行的。”与上文“Shaking hands is a normal and formal way to greet or say goodbye in western countries. (在西方国家，握手是一种正常而正式的问候或道别方式)”形成转折关系，表明在不同的国家和文化背景下，握手的背景场合是不一样的，引出下文“In Romania, for example, only men usually do it. (例如，在罗马尼亚，通常只有男性才这样做)”和“In England, however, it’s unusual to shake hands with someone you are introduced to in an informal setting. (然而，在英国，在非正式场合与被介绍给你的人握手是不常见的)”的具体例子。下文中“in an informal setting”“ the occasion for doing so”也是本空的提示。故选B项。
【20题详解】
该空起总结上文的作用。结合上文就“头部运动”“视觉接触”“问候和道别”讲明：在不同的国家和文化背景下，姿势含义不一样，说明A选项“肢体语言因国家而异。”切题。故选A项。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A sudden illness took away most of Rebecca’s hearing when she was only six years old. Afterwards, she says her ___21___ went too. Unable to listen, she ___22___ to communicate with the great help of her family and friends. Rebecca felt lonely, but she did not ___23___ herself. She says her biggest concern was ___24___ to live like a normal person. She taught herself to read lips, and learned to speak confidently without being able to hear herself. ___25___, she found the right place to flourish (茁壮成长).
Today, working at the Qetan Sewing Center, Rebecca rediscovered something she greatly ___26___: a sense of belonging. “The center has a really ___27___ impact on me in terms of being able to meet people. The environment is ___28___, which helps you move forward,” says Rebecca.
Better still, Rebecca has also found a professional outlet. “I’ve always been ___29___ the arts. Drawing and logo design are major parts of our work. I ____30____ this very much,” she says.
Rebecca says her ____31____ of self-discovery is not yet over. Every day, she is seeking to ____32____ herself. “Open your mind to the ____33____. Take notice of the ____34____ that you must take to achieve your goals. Keep an eye on your future.”
The way that Rebecca lives her life demonstrates this idea that you can achieve your goals ____35____ you stay focused.
21. A. fitness B. happiness C. efforts D. pains
22. A. attempted B. decided C. refused D. struggled
23. A. pity B. change C. blame D. fool
24. A. whether B. why C. how D. where
25. A. Eventually B. Immediately C. Naturally D. Absolutely
26. A. tolerated B. missed C. considered D. regretted
27. A. positive B. similar C. limited D. plain
28. A. different B. supportive C. clean D. safe
29. A. satisfied with B. aware of C. interested in D. careful about
30. A. desire B. secure C. understand D. adore
31. A. task B. goal C. journey D. business
32. A. improve B. express C. defend D. reflect
33. A. truth B. choices C. process D. possibilities
34. A. conditions B. opinions C. actions D. advantages
35. A. even if B. as long as C. as if D. as far as
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。丽贝卡六岁时失聪，但并未放弃自己，自学读唇语，最终在Qetan Sewing Center找到了归属感，实现自己的目标。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，她说她的幸福也没了。A. fitness健康；B. happiness幸福；C. efforts努力；D. pains痛苦。由上文的“A sudden illness took away most of Rebecca’s hearing when she was only six years old.”和下文的“Unable to listen”可知，丽贝卡六岁时失聪，再也听不见，所以她的幸福也没了。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于无法倾听，她努力在家人和朋友的大力帮助下进行沟通。A. attempted尝试；B. decided决定；C. refused拒绝；D. struggled挣扎；奋斗。由上文的“Unable to listen”和下文的“with the great help of her family and friends”可知，失聪的丽贝卡由于无法倾听，在家人和朋友的大力帮助下努力与他人沟通。struggle to do sth.“努力做某事”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡感到孤独，但她并不自怜。A. pity怜悯；B. change改变；C. blame责备；D. fool愚弄。由下文的“She taught herself to read lips, and learned to speak confidently without being able to hear herself.”可知，失聪的丽贝卡自学读唇语，学会了在听不见自己说话的情况下自信地说话，说明她积极向上，并不顾影自怜。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：她说，她最关心的是如何像正常人一样生活。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. how如何；D. where在哪。由下文的“to live like a normal person”可知，失聪的丽贝卡最关心的是如何像正常人一样生活。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，她找到了茁壮成长合适地方。A. Eventually最终；B. Immediately立即；C. Naturally自然地；D. Absolutely绝对地。由上文的“She taught herself to read lips, and learned to speak confidently without being able to hear herself.”和下文的“she found the right place to flourish (茁壮成长)”可知，失聪的丽贝卡自学读唇语，学会了在听不见自己说话的情况下自信地说话，积极向上的丽贝卡最终找到了茁壮成长的合适地方。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，在Qetan Sewing Center工作的丽贝卡重新发现了她非常怀念的东西：归属感。A. tolerated忍受；B. missed想念；C. considered考虑；D. regretted后悔。由上文的“Unable to listen”和“Rebecca felt lonely”可知，失聪的丽贝卡失去了幸福，感到孤独（即没有归属感），然而在Qetan Sewing Center丽贝卡重新发现了她非常怀念的东西：归属感。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该中心在与人交往方面对我产生了积极的影响。A. positive积极的；B. similar相似的；C. limited限制的；D. plain朴素的。由上文的“a sense of belonging”和下文的“which helps you move forward”可知，丽贝卡在Qetan Sewing Center找到了归属感、获得了帮助，说明该地方对她产生了积极的影响。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：环境是支持性的，这有助于你向前迈进。A. different不同的；B. supportive支持的、给予帮助的；C. clean干净的；D. safe安全的。由下文的“which helps you move forward”可知，丽贝卡在Qetan Sewing Center获得了帮助，说明该地方的环境是支持性的。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我一直对艺术感兴趣。A. satisfied with对……满意；B. aware of意识到；C. interested in对……感兴趣；D. careful about对……认真。由下文的“Drawing and logo design are major parts of our work.”可知，丽贝卡的工作与诸如艺术类的绘画和标志设计相关，说明她对艺术感兴趣，才会选择与艺术相关的工作。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常喜欢这份工作。A. desire渴望；B. secure保护；C. understand理解；D. adore喜爱。由上文的“Better still, Rebecca has also found a professional outlet.”和“Drawing and logo design are major parts of our work.”可知，丽贝卡对艺术感兴趣，所以选择绘画和标志设计工作作为职业出路，可得出她很喜欢这份工作。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡说她自我发现的旅程还没有结束。A. task任务；B. goal目标；C. journey旅程；D. business商业。根据下文“ Every day, she is seeking to 12 herself.”可知，丽贝卡的自我发现的旅程还没哟结束。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她每天都在努力提高自己。A. improve提升；B. express表达；C. defend防御；D. reflect反思。由下文的“achieve your goals”可知，丽贝卡实现自我发现目标的过程就是在提升自我。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：敞开你的心扉去面对各种可能性。A. truth真相；B. choices选择；C. process过程；D. possibilities可能性。由上文的“Open your mind to”和下文的“Keep an eye on your future.”可知，丽贝卡认为要关注自己的未来，而关注未来即表明接受未来的各种可能性。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：注意你必须采取的行动来实现你的目标。A. conditions条件；B. opinions观点；C. actions行动；D. advantages优点。由下文的“you must take to achieve your goals”和常识可知，实现目标需要采取行动，take actions (采取行动)。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡的生活方式证明了这样一个观点：只要你保持专注，你就能实现你的目标。A. even if即使；B. as long as只要；C. as if好像；D. as far as据……。由上文的“you can achieve your goals”和下文的“you stay focused”可知，前后是条件关系，用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, Liu Genghong, a singer and composer from Taiwan, China, has gained great ____36____ (popular) online. His fitness livestreams (直播) have attracted audiences from across the country, many of ____37____ have been locked indoors for weeks due to COVID-19.
One of the most-watched fitness ____38____ (routine) is set to Herbalist Manual from Jay Chou’s album. In his livestreams, Liu and his wife always appear ____39____ (energy), friendly and healthy. They exercise and dance to up-beat songs while ____40____ (explain) their move, appealing to more and more people. According to a report, Liu’s workout sessions ____41____ (break) Douyin’s livestream record for 2022 so far, ____42____ his most popular lesson attracting over 44 million live viewers.
____43____ Liu’s dance moves look simple, they are actually quite difficult for some viewers ____44____ (follow). Many netizens even joked that the 49-year-old was facing a contest with Li Jiaqi, _____45_____ (know) as the King of livestreaming, because Li empties our wallet while Liu empties our body!
【答案】36. popularity
37. whom 38. routines
39. energetic
40. explaining
41. have broken
42. with 43. Although##Though##While
44. to follow
45. known
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述刘耕宏直播健身操走红的事。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：最近，来自中国台湾的歌手兼作曲家刘耕宏在网上大受欢迎。用抽象名词popularity作宾语。故填popularity。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：他的健身直播吸引了来自全国各地的观众，其中许多人因2019冠状病毒疾病被关在室内数周。此处是“介词（of）+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是audiences，指人，做介词of的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：最受关注的健身活动之一是周杰伦专辑中的《本草纲目》。one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词，意为“最……之一”，用可数名词routine的复数形式。故填routines。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在他的直播中，刘耕宏和他的妻子总是显得精力充沛，友好和健康。appear是系动词，根据后文的形容词friendly and healthy可知，此处应该用形容词energetic作表语。故填energetic。
【40题详解】
考查状语从句省略句和现在分词。句意：他们一边解释自己的动作，一边随着节奏加快的歌曲锻炼和跳舞，吸引了越来越多的人。此处是while引导的时间状语从句省略句，从句主语是they与从句谓语动词explain是主动关系，表正在做某事，从句谓语用be doing形式，从句主语与主句主语一致且从句含有be动词，常省略从句的主语和be动词，表主动，explain用现在分词形式。故填explaining。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，到目前为止，刘耕宏的健身课程打破了抖音2022年的直播记录，他最受欢迎的一课吸引了超过4400万现场观众。结合时间状语so far可知，谓语动词break用现在完成时，主语Liu’s workout sessions复数，谓语复数形式。故填have broken。
【42题详解】
考查with复合结构。句意：据报道，到目前为止，刘耕宏的健身课程打破了抖音2022年的直播记录，他最受欢迎的一课吸引了超过4400万现场观众。此处是“with +名词/代词（宾语）+现在分词（宾补）”with复合结构作状语。故填with。
【43题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然刘耕宏的舞步看起来很简单，但对一些观众来说，其实很难跟上。两句间缺乏连词，结合句意可知，用although/though/while (虽然)引导让步状语从句，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。
【44题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：虽然刘耕宏的舞步看起来很简单，但对一些观众来说，其实很难跟上。sth. + be + adj. + to do，follow用动词不定式形式，主动表被动。故填to follow。
45题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：许多网友甚至开玩笑说，这位49岁的老将正面临着与被誉为直播之王的李佳琦的较量，因为李佳琦掏空了我们的钱包，而刘耕宏掏空了我们的身体！be known as (被称为)，该空是非谓语动词，用know的过去分词known做后置定语，修饰名词Li Jiaqi。故填known。
第三节（共10小题：每小题0.5分，满分5分）
根据中文提示或首字母用词的适当形式完成以下句子。
46. Enormous facts confirm the truth that________(接触) to books can enrich our spirit. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】being exposed
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：大量事实证实了这样一个真理：接触书籍可以丰富我们的精神。be exposed to (接触)，该空用动名词形式being exposed to books做同位语从句主语。故填being exposed。
47. Our head teacher advocates i________(参与) ourselves in managing the affairs of our class. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】involving##nvolving
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们的班主任提倡我们参与管理我们班的事务。 advocate doing sth. (提倡做某事)，involve oneself in doing sth.(参与做某事)，involve用动名词形式。故填involving。
48. ________ (沉溺) to the virtual world, the boy can’t deal with the realistic life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Addicted
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这个男孩沉溺于虚拟世界，无法应付现实生活。be addicted to (沉溺于)，该空用作非谓语动词，用过去分词addicted作状语，首字母大写。故填Addicted。
49. The________(改编) of the film got the credit from the writer of the original novel. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】adaptation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这部电影的改编得到了原小说作者的赞誉。结合句意可知，是“这部电影的改编”，用单数名词adaptation (改编)作主语。故填adaptation。
50. Though it took place by________(偶然), we should be aware of the essence of it. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】chance##accident
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：虽然这是偶然事件，但我们应该意识到它的本质。根据汉语提示可知是固定短语by chance或by accident，在句中作方式状语，故填chance/accident。
51. To our relief, we found the child trapped in ruins safe and________(安然无恙). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sound
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：令我们宽慰的是，我们发现被困在废墟中的孩子安然无恙。形容词短语safe and sound(安然无恙)符合句意，作宾补。故填sound。
52. The________(破坏的) earthquake generated the huge economic loss for the country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】destructive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：破坏性地震给国家造成了巨大的经济损失。根据汉语提示和句子结构，用形容词destructive作定语，修饰名词earthquake。故填destructive。
53. The authority determined to rescue the species to prevent them from going________(灭绝). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】 extinct
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当局决定拯救这一物种，以防止它们灭绝。go extinct (灭绝)，go相当于系动词，用形容词extinct (灭绝的)作表语。故填extinct。
54. The program has s________(刺激) audience’s interest in further exploring Chinese culture. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】stimulated##timulated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：该节目激发了观众进一步探索中国文化的兴趣。主动语态，结合助动词has可知，此处表过去的动作或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成的影响，谓语动词stimulate (刺激)用现在完成时（has done），stimulate用过去分词形式。故填stimulated。
55. The efficiency of study is related to the focus of mind rather than________(消耗) of time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】consumption
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：学习的效率与思维的注意力有关，而不是与时间消耗有关。根据句子结构和汉语提示，此处应用抽象名词consumption作宾语。故填consumption。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
56. 假如你是东方中学高一学生李华，你校将于下周六举办“中国传统美食节”。请给你校外籍教师Eric写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容（美食制作、品尝、知识竞赛等）。
要求：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Eric,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eric,
In order to promote Chinese traditional food, a Chinese Gourmet Festival is scheduled to be held next Saturday in our school. I am writing to invite you to join us for it.
The festival will include many activities. We’ll invite some people to show us how to make dumplings, Zongzi, spring rolls and other Chinese traditional food, and we’ll have the chance to make the food with our own hands! After that, we’ll enjoy the delicious food together. Finally, there is a food knowledge competition, where they’ll be rewarded if participants win the place.
Since you are crazy about Chinese traditional food, I sincerely hope you can accept my invitation.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生邀请你校外籍教师Eric参加你校下周六举办的“中国传统美食节”。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→organize
机会：chance→opportunity
最后：finally→at last
诚挚地：sincerely→genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变倒装句
原句：We’ll invite some people to show us how to make dumplings, Zongzi, spring rolls and other Chinese traditional food, and we’ll have the chance to make the food with our own hands!
拓展句：Not only will we invite some people to show us how to make dumplings, Zongzi, spring rolls and other Chinese traditional food, but also we’ll have the chance to make the food with our own hands!
【点睛】【高分句型1】Finally, there is a food knowledge competition, where they’ll be rewarded if participants win the place. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句和if引导的条件状语从句)
【高分句型2】Since you are crazy about Chinese traditional food, I sincerely hope you can accept my invitation. (运用了Since引导原因状语从句和省略that引导的宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day my grandfather gave me a gift—a piggy bank. It had an opening through which one could put money in. But the opening was not big enough to reach in and get the money out.
"That's the whole idea," my grandfather explained. "The piggy bank will help you save your money so that, at the end of the year, you might have enough for that bike you dream about." He added, "Will you put some of the money given by me in the following days into the piggy bank?" I said “yes" and promised.
Whenever he gave me a little bit of money, he would say, "This is for spending. But you can save some and put it in the piggy bank if you want to save it up." When he gave me larger amounts, it was clearly for saving in the piggy bank. For some time, this worked fine. I loved shaking the piggy bank and hearing the sound of the coins. As it became heavier, I grew excited, dreaming about what I could do with my savings.
One day my friend and I visited the new ice-cream shop in town. but we didn't have enough money to buy just one ice cream. So my friend asked me to take some money out of my piggy bank. "No, I can't." I replied. "There is an opening for putting the money in, but no way for taking any out. Besides, my grandfather told me that I need to save money until the end of the year."
"Come on…" said my friend. Finally, I gave in. We took the piggy bank to the park and tried our best to shake out the money. We succeeded. From then on, I became good at taking money out of my piggy bank. Soon, it became a habit. And I started taking out money whenever I wanted it.
One day I was doing that again when my grandfather walked in. I was frightened.
注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答
The piggy bank fell out of my hands and broke.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, Grandpa gave me another piggy bank.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The piggy bank fell out of my hands and broke. Grandpa asked me what happened. I showed my resourcefulness in an emergency, lying to Grandpa that I was about to put some coins into piggy bank, but because I had just washed my hands, they were so slippery that the bank slipped from my hands. It seemed that Grandpa believed in what I said and told me to be careful.
The next day, Grandpa gave me another piggy bank. Obviously, he was aware of my lie yesterday and just didn’t expose me. I also realized my mistake, feeling ashamed of what I had done and from that day on, I never secretly took money from the piggy bank again. At the end of the year, I successfully bought a bike that I had been longing for. Watching me riding on the bike, Grandpa’s face wore a satisfied smile.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在被爷爷发现自己偷偷从存钱罐里取钱后，作者认识到自己的错误，坚持存钱，并在年底成功地买了一辆自己一直想要的自行车的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“存钱罐从我手里掉下来摔坏了。”可知，第一段可描写在被爷爷撞见自己偷偷从存钱罐里取钱后作者的谎言以及爷爷的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，爷爷又给了我一个存钱罐。”可知，第二段可描写作者认识到自己的错误，从那以后再没偷偷取钱，最后在年底成功地买了一辆自己一直想要的自行车。
2.续写线索：被撞见——谎言——爷爷的反应——新存钱罐——认识到错误——成功买自行车
3.词汇激活
行为类
①滑落：slip/slide
②.渴望：long for / yearn for
③.揭穿：expose / lay bare
情绪类
①.小心的：careful / cautious
②.羞愧的：ashamed / humiliated
【点睛】[高分句型1]. It seemed that Grandpa believed in what I said and told me to be careful.（运用了that引导的主语从句以及what引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. I also realized my mistake, feeling ashamed of what I had done and from that day on, I never secretly took money from the piggy bank again.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语以及what引导的宾语从句）
2021~2022学年末学业质量监测试卷
高一英语
注意事项
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1. 本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卷交回。
2. 答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字第填写在答题卷上。
3. 请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号与你本人的是否相符
4. 作答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米的签字笔写在答题卷上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面的5段对话。每段对话后都有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman suggest the man do first?
A. Rent an apartment. B. Call the house owner. C. Pay his electricity bill.
2. Why won't the woman stay at her own house?
A. She is locked out.
B. She is scared of being alone.
C. She is invited to her brother's house.
3. What do we know about the woman?
A. She likes vegetable soup. B. She has a bad cough. C. She just had a rest.
4. What are the speakers going to do?
A. Go shopping. B. Change clothes. C. Attend a wedding.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Workmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Husband and wife.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给时A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the man do sports?
A. At a badminton court. B. At Springfield Sports Center. C. At Moulton Industrial Park.
7. How much does the man pay?
A. £10. B. £30. C. £200.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To book a flight. B. To cancel a visit. C. To inform him of a change.
9. What industry do the speakers work in?
A. Cloth. B. Technology. C. Advertising.
10. What will the man do?
A. Call the potential customer. B. Reschedule the meeting. C. Take another flight.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the man's school need to raise money?
A. To buy more books. B. To help people in need. C. To have a field trip.
12. How will the man's school raise money?
A. By going camping. B. By selling posters. C. By washing cars.
13. Where will the activity take place?
A. At school. B. At a camping site. C. At each student's home.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the woman doing?
A. Seeking help. B. Sharing an experience. C. Offering information.
15. What does the man need to do?
A. Show his passport. B. Complete some forms. C. Bring his credit card.
16. Why is a bank statement needed?
A. It offers one's address.
B. It proves one's identity.
C. It shows one's economic condition.
17. How many books can the man borrow at a time?
A. 12. B. 8. C. 4.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Ways of reducing stress. B. Tips on spending holidays. C. Reasons for taking a holiday.
19. What will happen if people take few holidays?
A. They are hardly affected. B. They may suffer great stress. C. They can work more productively.
20. What problem can stress cause?
A. Bad sleep. B. Poor memory. C. Reduced responsibility.
第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Healthy House Plants: A Complete Gulde to Gardening Indoors
BBC Gardeners’ World Magazine has collaborated (合作) with digital educational platform, FutureLearn, to bring you a brand new online gardening course — Healthy House Plants: A Complete Guide to Gardening Indoors. This four-week online course has been designed to provide you with tips and advice on growing indoor plants and take you on a world journey, exploring imported plants.
Your course instructor
The course is led by expert tutor and Associate Editor, David Hurrion, who will share his 50 years of gardening experience and bring his skills to you online, so you can learn from him in the comfort of your own home.
Learning on this course
You can take this self-guided course. On every step of the course you can meet other learners, share your ideas and join in with active discussions in the comments.
What’s covered in this course?
Week 1: What will you grow?
Week 2: Growing conditions and the indoor environment.
Week 3: Caring for your house plants.
Week 4: Making more plants and problem-solving.
Course registration (注册) and cost
There are three options for registering for this course：
*FREE — Access to the course is limited to six weeks, and no certificate (证书) is given.
*Upgrade for £32, unlimited time access, and a printed and digital certificate.
*Unlimited access to all FutureLearn short courses: £16.68/month.
More online courses with FutureLearn
Gardening for Beginners: The Basics and Beyond: Grow your gardening skills with easy-to-follow techniques aimed at both new and experienced home gardeners in this five-week online course.
1. What can the learners of this four-week course do?
A. Learn at their own pace. B. Receive personalized guidance.
C. Attend more online courses for free. D. Hand in a composition online.
2. What stage of the course focuses on problem-solving?
A. Week 1. B. Week 2. C. Week 3. D. Week 4.
3. How much should you pay if you want to have unlimited time access to this course?
A. £16.68. B. £32. C. £33.36. D. £48.68.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个在线园艺课程的相关信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。由Learning on this course中的“You can take this self-guided course. (你可以上这门自学课程)”可知，本课程是自学课程，所以学习者可以按照自己的节奏学习。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由What’s covered in this course?中的“Week 4: Making more plants and problem-solving. (第4周：种植更多植物和解决问题)”可知，本课程第4周侧重于解决问题。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由Course registration (注册) and cost中的“*Upgrade for E32, unlimited time access, and a printed and digital certificate. (*升级至£32，无限制时间访问，以及打印的数字证书)”可知，如果你想不受时间限制地学习本课程，你应该支付32英镑。故选B项。
B
Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes (基因), which offers the promise of one day curing inherited (遗传的) diseases. Working on opposite sides of the Atlantic, French woman Emmanuelle Charpentier and American Jennifer A. Doudna came up with a method known as CRISPR-Cas9 that can be used to change the DNA of animals and plants.
It was the first time two women had won the chemistry Nobel together — adding to the small number of female winners in the sciences, where women have long received less recognition for their work than men. The scientists’ work allows researchers to precisely edit specific genes to remove errors that lead to disease.
“There is great power in this genetic tool, which affects us all,” said Claes Gustafsson, chair of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry, “It has not only made huge progress in basic science, but also led to advances in new medical treatments.”
Charpentier, 53, spoke of the shock of winning. “Strangely enough I was told a number of times that I’d win, but when it happens you’re very surprised. And I wish that this will provide a positive message to young girls who would like to follow the path of science.”
Doudna told The Associated Press, “I actually just found out I’m in shock. And my greatest hope is that it’s used for good, to uncover new mysteries in biology and to benefit humankind.”
The Broad Institute at Harvard and MIT have been in a long court fight over patents (专利) on CRISPR technology, and many other scientists did important work on it, but Doudna and Charpentier have been most consistently (一致地) honored with prizes for turning it into an easily usable tool.
4. What do we know about the two scientists from the first two paragraphs?
A. They both work in America. B. They work harder than other females.
C. They provide a new way to edit genes. D. They are the first women to win the Nobel Prize.
5. What is Claes Gustafsson’s attitude towards the genetic tool?
A. Supportive. B. Indifferent. C. Dissatisfied. D. Doubtful.
6. What did Charpentier and Doudna think of their winning the prize?
A. They didn’t deserve the honor. B. They thought it good for them.
C. They were both surprised at it. D. They would be examples to young girls.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. Two Nobel Prize winners surprise the world.
B. Female scientists do better than male scientists.
C. There is research for developing a way of editing genes.
D. Two scientists win the Nobel Prize for gene-editing discovery.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了两名女性科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖，及她们对于获得诺贝尔化学奖的感受。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。第一段提到“Working on opposite sides of the Atlantic”（在大西洋的两岸工作），由此可知这两位科学家并没有一起在美国工作，排除A。第二段提到“It was the first time two women had won the chemistry Nobel together—adding to the small number of female winners in the sciences, where women have long received less recognition for their work than men. ”（这是第一次有两位女性同时获得诺贝尔化学奖——在科学领域，女性获奖者的数量很少，长期以来，女性在科学领域的工作得到的认可一直低于男性）此处提到的是女性科学家获得诺贝尔奖的人数较少，并没有提到她们比其他的女性工作更努力，排除B。第二段第一句提到“It was the first time two women had won the chemistry Nobel together”（这是第一次有两名女性同时获得诺贝尔化学奖）由此可知，她们是第一对获得诺贝尔奖的女性，排除D。第一段第一句提到“Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes”（两名科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖），由此可知她们提出了一种新的基因编辑的方法，C项符合题意。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。第三段提到诺贝尔化学委员会主席Claes Gustafsson对于两位女性科学家获得诺贝尔化学奖的感受，“There is great power in this genetic tool, which affects us all...It has not only made huge progress in basic science, but also led to advances in new medical treatments.”（这种基因工具蕴含着巨大的力量，它影响着我们所有人。它不仅在基础科学方面取得了巨大的进步，还引领了新的医学治疗方法的进步。）由此判断Claes Gustafsson对于这个基因工具是一种支持的态度。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。第四段提到Charpentier获奖时的想法，“Strangely enough I was told a number of times that I'd win, but when it happens you' re very surprised”（奇怪的是，很多次我都被告知我会赢，但当它真的发生时，你会非常惊讶。），第五段提到Doudna获奖时的想法“I actually just found out I'm in shock”（我刚刚才发现自己很震惊。）可知，两位科学家在得知自己获奖时都是非常惊讶的状态。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段第一句提到“Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for developing a way of editing genes (基因), which offers the promise of one day curing inherited (遗传的) diseases. ”（两名科学家因开发出一种编辑基因的方法而获得诺贝尔化学奖，这种方法有望在未来治愈遗传疾病。）结合文章内容，后文提到基因编辑工具对医学治疗方面的影响等方面，由此判断，文章讲述了两位科学家因基因编辑方法的发现而获得诺贝尔奖的故事。故选D。
C
Ludwig Van Beethoven is undoubtedly one of the greatest musicians that ever lived. Unfortunately, the master died while still working on his 10th Symphony. Now, a team of musicians and scientists have used artificial intelligence (AI) to complete the artist’s final work.
Dr Matthias Rider, a music and technology strategist, first came up with the idea to complete the composition in 2019. The director of the Karajan Institute in Austria thought it was a proper way to celebrate Beethoven’s 250th birthday in December 2020. He began by enlisting an international team of music experts to help him with the great task. They included music composer Walter Werzowa, Barry Cooper and Dr Ahmed Elgammal, the creator of an innovative AI technology for the art market.
Elgammal and his colleagues started the process by familiarizing the AI software with a broad range of classical music at first, and then, narrowed it to just Beethoven’s work. Meanwhile, Werzowa and his group tried to read the rough sketches and the handful of notes that detailed Beethoven’s plans for the 10th Symphony. The team then began the task of feeding the AI software musical notes from the unfinished composition. However, it starts to stop following the central theme after a few notes. To stay true to Beethoven’s original composition, Elgammal’s team sent Werzowa hundreds of AI-generated musical note variations every evening. Werzowa would listen to them and then select the one that he thought was closest to what the artist would have written. The AI team would add the music and rerun the software to generate the next suggestions. And piece by piece, the team was able to complete Beethoven’s 10th Symphony!
When the composition first appeared at the Telekom Forum in Beethoven’s birthplace of Bonn, Germany, the AI-generated masterpiece caused some controversy. Critics believe technology should not be used to reproduce the human creative process. Elgammal and his team agree with the stance and say their AI software is not out to replace humans — it is just a tool to help artists to express themselves in new ways.
8. Who has a good knowledge of AI technology?
A. Matthias Rider. B. Walter Werzowa. C. Barry Cooper. D. Ahmed Elgammal.
9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The good cooperation among scientists.
B. The practical suggestions from the AI team.
C. The process of completing Beethoven’s 10th Symphony.
D. The great symphony that Werzowa and his group created.
10. What does the underlined word “stance” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Opinion. B. Behavior. C. Position. D. Approach.
11. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show how great the present AI technology is.
B. To praise Dr Matthias Rider for his achievement.
C. To introduce how AI helped complete a great work.
D. To advise scientists to use AI in music composition.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个由音乐家和科学家组成的团队使用人工智能完成了贝多芬最后的作品。介绍了参与的人员、完成的过程以及人们对此的看法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They included music composer Walter Werzowa, Barry Cooper and Dr Ahmed Elgammal, the creator of an innovative AI technology for the art market.(他们包括音乐作曲家Walter Werzowa、Barry Cooper和为艺术市场开发创新人工智能技术的Ahmed Elgammal博士)”可知，Ahmed Elgammal对人工智能技术有很好的了解。故选D。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Elgammal and his colleagues started the process by familiarizing the AI software with a broad range of classical music at first, and then, narrowed it to just Beethoven’s work. Meanwhile, Werzowa and his group tried to read the rough sketches and the handful of notes that detailed Beethoven’s plans for the 10th Symphony. The team then began the task of feeding the AI software musical notes from the unfinished composition. However, it starts to stop following the central theme after a few notes. To stay true to Beethoven’s original composition, Elgammal’s team sent Werzowa hundreds of AI-generated musical note variations every evening. Werzowa would listen to them and then select the one that he thought was closest to what the artist would have written. The AI team would add the music and rerun the software to generate the next suggestions. And piece by piece, the team was able to complete Beethoven’s 10th Symphony!( Elgammal和他的同事们首先让人工智能软件熟悉了大量的古典音乐，然后把范围缩小到贝多芬的作品。与此同时，Werzowa和他的团队试图阅读粗略的草图和少量的笔记，这些笔记详细描述了贝多芬第十交响曲的计划。然后，该团队开始向人工智能软件输入未完成作品中的音符。然而，在几个音符之后，它开始停止跟随中心主题。为了忠于贝多芬的原始作曲，Elgammal的团队每天晚上都会向Werzowa发送数百个人工智能生成的音符变化。Werzowa会听它们，然后选择他认为最接近艺术家所写的。人工智能团队会添加音乐，并重新运行软件来生成下一个建议。一个接一个，这个团队完成了贝多芬的第十交响曲！)”可知，第三段主要讲的是完成贝多芬第十交响曲的过程。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Critics believe technology should not be used to reproduce the human creative process.(批评人士认为，科技不应该被用来再现人类的创造过程)”以及画线词后文“say their AI software is not out to replace humans — it is just a tool to help artists to express themselves in new ways(说他们的人工智能软件并不是要取代人类——它只是一个帮助艺术家以新的方式表达自己的工具)”可知，Elgammal和他的团队认同“科技不应该被用来再现人类的创造过程”这一观点。故画线词意思是“观点”。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Ludwig Van Beethoven is undoubtedly one of the greatest musicians that ever lived. Unfortunately, the master died while still working on his 10th Symphony. Now, a team of musicians and scientists have used artificial intelligence (AI) to complete the artist’s final work.(路德维希·凡·贝多芬无疑是有史以来最伟大的音乐家之一。不幸的是，这位大师在创作他的第十交响曲时去世了。现在，一个由音乐家和科学家组成的团队使用人工智能完成了这位艺术家的最后作品)”结合文章介绍了参与的人员、完成的过程以及人们对此的看法。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍人工智能如何帮助完成一项伟大的作品。故选C。
D
Climate change leads to threat to the world’s sandy beaches, and as many as half of them could disappear by 2100, a new study has found. Even by 2050 some coastlines could be unrecognizable from what we see today, with 10% to 12% facing serious erosion (侵蚀).
Using updated sea level rise predictions, the researchers analyzed how beaches around the world would be in a future with higher seas and more damaging storms. They also considered natural processes like wave erosion, as well as human factors — like coastal building developments, all of which can affect a beach's health. The study found that sea level rise is expected to outweigh (胜过) these other factors, and that the more heat-trapping gases human put into the atmosphere, the worse the influences on the world’s beaches are likely to be.
It’s hard to overstate just how important the world's beaches are. They cover more than one third of the world’s coastlines, and protect coastal areas from storms. Beaches are also important economic engines, supporting relaxation, tourism and other activities. And in some areas, the beach is more than a vacation destination. In places like Australia, life near the coast revolves (围绕) around the beach for much of the year.
Some of the world’s most popular beaches are already taking action. Places like Miami Beach are trucking in thousands of tons of sand to patch up (修复) badly eroded shorelines, while others have built sea walls and breakwaters in an attempt to hold precious sand in place. But the financial and environmental costs of these projects are huge, and scientists say rising seas and more powerful storms, as well as a warmer climate, may make this a losing battle.
However, the researchers did find that humans have some control over what happens to the world's beaches. If the world’s governments are able to continue cutting heat-trapping gas pollution, the researchers found that 22% of projected beach losses by 2050 could be prevented, a number that grows to 40% by 2100 if greenhouse gases are limited.
12. Which of the following mainly causes serious beach erosion?
A. Higher seas. B. Human factors.
C. Damaging storms. D. Wave erosion.
13. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A. Storms damage one third of world’s coastlines.
B. Significance of beaches can’t be underestimated.
C. Economic activities may cause damage to beaches.
D. Beaches are the only economic engine for Australia.
14. How do scientists think of the actions taken to protect beaches?
A. Costly but failed. B. Effective but not enough.
C. Orderly but slow. D. Enormous but not constant.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. Actions have been taken to protect beaches.
B. Beaches are facing the threat of disappearing.
C. Life in coastal areas mainly depends on beaches.
D. There exist challenges to protect eroded beaches.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究显示，气候变化对世界上的沙滩造成了威胁，到2100年将有一半的沙滩消失。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“The study found that sea level rise is expected to outweigh (胜过) these other factors, and that the more heat-trapping gases human put into the atmosphere, the worse the influences on the world’s beaches are likely to be. (研究发现，海平面上升预计将超过这些其他因素，而且人类向大气中排放的吸热气体越多，对世界海滩的影响可能越严重)”可知，更高的海平面主要导致严重的海滩侵蚀。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段“It’s hard to overstate just how important the world's beaches are. They cover more than one third of the world’s coastlines, and protect coastal areas from storms. Beaches are also important economic engines, supporting relaxation, tourism and other activities. And in some areas, the beach is more than a vacation destination. In places like Australia, life near the coast revolves (围绕) around the beach for much of the year. (很难夸大世界海滩的重要性。它们覆盖了世界三分之一以上的海岸线，并保护沿海地区免受风暴侵袭。海滩也是重要的经济引擎，支持休闲、旅游和其他活动。在某些地区，海滩不仅仅是度假胜地。在像澳大利亚这样的地方，海岸附近的生活在一年的大部分时间里都围绕着海滩)”可知，本段通过具体事例主要强调了海滩对人类生活非常重要，可得出海滩的重要性不容低估。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的But the financial and environmental costs of these projects are huge,and scientists say rising seas and more powerful storms,as well as a warmer climate,may make this a losing battle.（但是，这些项目的财务和环境成本是巨大的，科学家们说，海平面上升和更强烈的风暴，以及更温暖的气候，可能会使这场战斗失败。）以及第五段中“However, the researchers did find that humans have some control over what happens to the world's beaches.(然而，研究人员确实发现，人类对世界海滩的变化有一定的控制能力.)”说到人类对沙滩的治理还是有一定控制力的。可知，科学家认为这些保护海滩采取的行动是有效的，但是并不能够完全解决问题，故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段“Climate change leads to threat to the world’s sandy beaches, and as many as half of them could disappear by 2100, a new study has found. Even by 2050 some coastlines could be unrecognizable from what we see today, with 10% to 12% facing serious erosion (侵蚀). (一项新的研究发现，气候变化对世界海滩造成威胁，到2100年，其中多达一半的海滩可能消失。即使到2050年，一些海岸线也可能无法从我们今天看到的情况中辨认出来，10%到12%的海岸线面临严重侵蚀)”可知，文章首段就点明了主题，气候变化对世界上的海滩造成了威胁，到2100年将有一半的海滩消失，可得出文章主要讲海滩面临消失的威胁。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Understanding cultural body language in other countries is key to managing efficient communication, especially when we have not yet mastered a foreign language. ___16___ I hope these will help you socialize when you try to communicate with foreigners in spite of the language barrier (障碍).
Head movements
In some parts of India, people tilt (倾斜) their heads from side to side to confirm something and show that they are actively listening. In western countries, people nod to show agreement. ___17___
Eye contact
In western culture, visual contact when you speak to someone is considered a positive aspect of body language. Strong visual contact is common in Spain and the Arabic culture among people of the same sex. Not looking back when someone is looking at you is considered impolite, showing insecurity or disinterest.
___18___ In Caribbean communities, children and teenagers are taught not to look at adults in the eyes when they are being corrected.
Greetings and goodbyes
Shaking hands is a normal and formal way to greet or say goodbye in western countries. ___19___ In Romania, for example, only men usually do it. And they shake hands every time they meet, not just the first! In England, however, it’s unusual to shake hands with someone you are introduced to in an informal setting. Kissing cheeks is something done in many countries, especially in Europe, though the number of kisses, the occasion for doing so, and which cheek they start off on vary.
___20___ When you communicate with foreigners one secure way is to understand. respect and follow the culture.
A. Body language varies from country to country.
B. But it’s done in different contexts in different countries.
C. However, in Greece, nodding actually means the opposite meaning.
D. Here are a selection of gestures (姿势) and their meanings in different cultures.
E. Some cultures, such as Japanese culture, consider long-time visual contact awkward.
F. Here are five communication skills that you should keep in mind when in a foreign country.
G. However, in different countries, people may have different explanations about hands shaking.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些肢体语言及其在不同文化中的含义，希望对尝试和外国人交流的人有所帮助。
【16题详解】
结合第二段“In some parts of India, people tilt (倾斜) their heads from side to side to confirm something and show that they are actively listening. In western countries, people nod to show agreement. (在印度的一些地方，人们把头从一边歪到另一边来确认一些事情，表明他们在积极地倾听。在西方国家，人们点头表示同意)”的“在不同文化中，点头摇头意味着不同含义”的例子和下文的其他姿势也有文化差异的例子，可知本文主要讲不同文化中，姿势含义不同，D选项“以下是一些姿势及其在不同文化中的含义。”切题。故选D项。
【17题详解】
由小标题“Head movements (头部运动)”和上文“In western countries, people nod to show agreement. (在西方国家，人们点头表示同意)”可知，C选项“然而，在希腊，点头实际上意味着相反的意思。”与上文形成转折，讲不同的头部运动在不同的国家含义不同，点头在西方国家表示同意，但在希腊表示不同意。故选C项。
【18题详解】
由小标题“Eye contact (视觉接触)”，上文“In western culture, visual contact when you speak to someone is considered a positive aspect of body language. Strong visual contact is common in Spain and the Arabic culture among people of the same sex. (在西方文化中，与人交谈时的视觉接触被认为是肢体语言的积极方面。在西班牙和阿拉伯文化中，同性之间的视觉接触很常见)”和下文“In Caribbean communities, children and teenagers are taught not to look at adults in the eyes when they are being corrected. (在加勒比社区，儿童和青少年被教育在被错误时不要直视成年人的眼睛)”可知，E选项“一些文化，如日本文化，认为长时间的视觉接触很尴尬。”承接上文讲在不同的国家和文化背景下，视觉接触的含义不同，日本又是一个例子。故选E项。
【19题详解】
B选项“但它是在不同国家的不同背景下进行的。”与上文“Shaking hands is a normal and formal way to greet or say goodbye in western countries. (在西方国家，握手是一种正常而正式的问候或道别方式)”形成转折关系，表明在不同的国家和文化背景下，握手的背景场合是不一样的，引出下文“In Romania, for example, only men usually do it. (例如，在罗马尼亚，通常只有男性才这样做)”和“In England, however, it’s unusual to shake hands with someone you are introduced to in an informal setting. (然而，在英国，在非正式场合与被介绍给你的人握手是不常见的)”的具体例子。下文中“in an informal setting”“ the occasion for doing so”也是本空的提示。故选B项。
【20题详解】
该空起总结上文的作用。结合上文就“头部运动”“视觉接触”“问候和道别”讲明：在不同的国家和文化背景下，姿势含义不一样，说明A选项“肢体语言因国家而异。”切题。故选A项。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A sudden illness took away most of Rebecca’s hearing when she was only six years old. Afterwards, she says her ___21___ went too. Unable to listen, she ___22___ to communicate with the great help of her family and friends. Rebecca felt lonely, but she did not ___23___ herself. She says her biggest concern was ___24___ to live like a normal person. She taught herself to read lips, and learned to speak confidently without being able to hear herself. ___25___, she found the right place to flourish (茁壮成长).
Today, working at the Qetan Sewing Center, Rebecca rediscovered something she greatly ___26___: a sense of belonging. “The center has a really ___27___ impact on me in terms of being able to meet people. The environment is ___28___, which helps you move forward,” says Rebecca.
Better still, Rebecca has also found a professional outlet. “I’ve always been ___29___ the arts. Drawing and logo design are major parts of our work. I ____30____ this very much,” she says.
Rebecca says her ____31____ of self-discovery is not yet over. Every day, she is seeking to ____32____ herself. “Open your mind to the ____33____. Take notice of the ____34____ that you must take to achieve your goals. Keep an eye on your future.”
The way that Rebecca lives her life demonstrates this idea that you can achieve your goals ____35____ you stay focused.
21. A. fitness B. happiness C. efforts D. pains
22. A. attempted B. decided C. refused D. struggled
23. A. pity B. change C. blame D. fool
24. A. whether B. why C. how D. where
25. A. Eventually B. Immediately C. Naturally D. Absolutely
26. A. tolerated B. missed C. considered D. regretted
27. A. positive B. similar C. limited D. plain
28. A. different B. supportive C. clean D. safe
29. A. satisfied with B. aware of C. interested in D. careful about
30. A. desire B. secure C. understand D. adore
31. A. task B. goal C. journey D. business
32. A. improve B. express C. defend D. reflect
33. A. truth B. choices C. process D. possibilities
34. A. conditions B. opinions C. actions D. advantages
35. A. even if B. as long as C. as if D. as far as
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。丽贝卡六岁时失聪，但并未放弃自己，自学读唇语，最终在Qetan Sewing Center找到了归属感，实现自己的目标。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，她说她的幸福也没了。A. fitness健康；B. happiness幸福；C. efforts努力；D. pains痛苦。由上文的“A sudden illness took away most of Rebecca’s hearing when she was only six years old.”和下文的“Unable to listen”可知，丽贝卡六岁时失聪，再也听不见，所以她的幸福也没了。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于无法倾听，她努力在家人和朋友的大力帮助下进行沟通。A. attempted尝试；B. decided决定；C. refused拒绝；D. struggled挣扎；奋斗。由上文的“Unable to listen”和下文的“with the great help of her family and friends”可知，失聪的丽贝卡由于无法倾听，在家人和朋友的大力帮助下努力与他人沟通。struggle to do sth.“努力做某事”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡感到孤独，但她并不自怜。A. pity怜悯；B. change改变；C. blame责备；D. fool愚弄。由下文的“She taught herself to read lips, and learned to speak confidently without being able to hear herself.”可知，失聪的丽贝卡自学读唇语，学会了在听不见自己说话的情况下自信地说话，说明她积极向上，并不顾影自怜。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：她说，她最关心的是如何像正常人一样生活。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. how如何；D. where在哪。由下文的“to live like a normal person”可知，失聪的丽贝卡最关心的是如何像正常人一样生活。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，她找到了茁壮成长合适地方。A. Eventually最终；B. Immediately立即；C. Naturally自然地；D. Absolutely绝对地。由上文的“She taught herself to read lips, and learned to speak confidently without being able to hear herself.”和下文的“she found the right place to flourish (茁壮成长)”可知，失聪的丽贝卡自学读唇语，学会了在听不见自己说话的情况下自信地说话，积极向上的丽贝卡最终找到了茁壮成长的合适地方。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，在Qetan Sewing Center工作的丽贝卡重新发现了她非常怀念的东西：归属感。A. tolerated忍受；B. missed想念；C. considered考虑；D. regretted后悔。由上文的“Unable to listen”和“Rebecca felt lonely”可知，失聪的丽贝卡失去了幸福，感到孤独（即没有归属感），然而在Qetan Sewing Center丽贝卡重新发现了她非常怀念的东西：归属感。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该中心在与人交往方面对我产生了积极的影响。A. positive积极的；B. similar相似的；C. limited限制的；D. plain朴素的。由上文的“a sense of belonging”和下文的“which helps you move forward”可知，丽贝卡在Qetan Sewing Center找到了归属感、获得了帮助，说明该地方对她产生了积极的影响。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：环境是支持性的，这有助于你向前迈进。A. different不同的；B. supportive支持的、给予帮助的；C. clean干净的；D. safe安全的。由下文的“which helps you move forward”可知，丽贝卡在Qetan Sewing Center获得了帮助，说明该地方的环境是支持性的。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我一直对艺术感兴趣。A. satisfied with对……满意；B. aware of意识到；C. interested in对……感兴趣；D. careful about对……认真。由下文的“Drawing and logo design are major parts of our work.”可知，丽贝卡的工作与诸如艺术类的绘画和标志设计相关，说明她对艺术感兴趣，才会选择与艺术相关的工作。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常喜欢这份工作。A. desire渴望；B. secure保护；C. understand理解；D. adore喜爱。由上文的“Better still, Rebecca has also found a professional outlet.”和“Drawing and logo design are major parts of our work.”可知，丽贝卡对艺术感兴趣，所以选择绘画和标志设计工作作为职业出路，可得出她很喜欢这份工作。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡说她自我发现的旅程还没有结束。A. task任务；B. goal目标；C. journey旅程；D. business商业。根据下文“ Every day, she is seeking to 12 herself.”可知，丽贝卡的自我发现的旅程还没哟结束。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她每天都在努力提高自己。A. improve提升；B. express表达；C. defend防御；D. reflect反思。由下文的“achieve your goals”可知，丽贝卡实现自我发现目标的过程就是在提升自我。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：敞开你的心扉去面对各种可能性。A. truth真相；B. choices选择；C. process过程；D. possibilities可能性。由上文的“Open your mind to”和下文的“Keep an eye on your future.”可知，丽贝卡认为要关注自己的未来，而关注未来即表明接受未来的各种可能性。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：注意你必须采取的行动来实现你的目标。A. conditions条件；B. opinions观点；C. actions行动；D. advantages优点。由下文的“you must take to achieve your goals”和常识可知，实现目标需要采取行动，take actions (采取行动)。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡的生活方式证明了这样一个观点：只要你保持专注，你就能实现你的目标。A. even if即使；B. as long as只要；C. as if好像；D. as far as据……。由上文的“you can achieve your goals”和下文的“you stay focused”可知，前后是条件关系，用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, Liu Genghong, a singer and composer from Taiwan, China, has gained great ____36____ (popular) online. His fitness livestreams (直播) have attracted audiences from across the country, many of ____37____ have been locked indoors for weeks due to COVID-19.
One of the most-watched fitness ____38____ (routine) is set to Herbalist Manual from Jay Chou’s album. In his livestreams, Liu and his wife always appear ____39____ (energy), friendly and healthy. They exercise and dance to up-beat songs while ____40____ (explain) their move, appealing to more and more people. According to a report, Liu’s workout sessions ____41____ (break) Douyin’s livestream record for 2022 so far, ____42____ his most popular lesson attracting over 44 million live viewers.
____43____ Liu’s dance moves look simple, they are actually quite difficult for some viewers ____44____ (follow). Many netizens even joked that the 49-year-old was facing a contest with Li Jiaqi, _____45_____ (know) as the King of livestreaming, because Li empties our wallet while Liu empties our body!
【答案】36. popularity
37. whom 38. routines
39. energetic
40. explaining
41. have broken
42. with 43. Although##Though##While
44. to follow
45. known
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述刘耕宏直播健身操走红的事。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：最近，来自中国台湾的歌手兼作曲家刘耕宏在网上大受欢迎。用抽象名词popularity作宾语。故填popularity。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：他的健身直播吸引了来自全国各地的观众，其中许多人因2019冠状病毒疾病被关在室内数周。此处是“介词（of）+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是audiences，指人，做介词of的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：最受关注的健身活动之一是周杰伦专辑中的《本草纲目》。one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词，意为“最……之一”，用可数名词routine的复数形式。故填routines。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在他的直播中，刘耕宏和他的妻子总是显得精力充沛，友好和健康。appear是系动词，根据后文的形容词friendly and healthy可知，此处应该用形容词energetic作表语。故填energetic。
【40题详解】
考查状语从句省略句和现在分词。句意：他们一边解释自己的动作，一边随着节奏加快的歌曲锻炼和跳舞，吸引了越来越多的人。此处是while引导的时间状语从句省略句，从句主语是they与从句谓语动词explain是主动关系，表正在做某事，从句谓语用be doing形式，从句主语与主句主语一致且从句含有be动词，常省略从句的主语和be动词，表主动，explain用现在分词形式。故填explaining。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，到目前为止，刘耕宏的健身课程打破了抖音2022年的直播记录，他最受欢迎的一课吸引了超过4400万现场观众。结合时间状语so far可知，谓语动词break用现在完成时，主语Liu’s workout sessions复数，谓语复数形式。故填have broken。
【42题详解】
考查with复合结构。句意：据报道，到目前为止，刘耕宏的健身课程打破了抖音2022年的直播记录，他最受欢迎的一课吸引了超过4400万现场观众。此处是“with +名词/代词（宾语）+现在分词（宾补）”with复合结构作状语。故填with。
【43题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然刘耕宏的舞步看起来很简单，但对一些观众来说，其实很难跟上。两句间缺乏连词，结合句意可知，用although/though/while (虽然)引导让步状语从句，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。
【44题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：虽然刘耕宏的舞步看起来很简单，但对一些观众来说，其实很难跟上。sth. + be + adj. + to do，follow用动词不定式形式，主动表被动。故填to follow。
45题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：许多网友甚至开玩笑说，这位49岁的老将正面临着与被誉为直播之王的李佳琦的较量，因为李佳琦掏空了我们的钱包，而刘耕宏掏空了我们的身体！be known as (被称为)，该空是非谓语动词，用know的过去分词known做后置定语，修饰名词Li Jiaqi。故填known。
第三节（共10小题：每小题0.5分，满分5分）
根据中文提示或首字母用词的适当形式完成以下句子。
46. Enormous facts confirm the truth that________(接触) to books can enrich our spirit. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】being exposed
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：大量事实证实了这样一个真理：接触书籍可以丰富我们的精神。be exposed to (接触)，该空用动名词形式being exposed to books做同位语从句主语。故填being exposed。
47. Our head teacher advocates i________(参与) ourselves in managing the affairs of our class. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】involving##nvolving
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们的班主任提倡我们参与管理我们班的事务。 advocate doing sth. (提倡做某事)，involve oneself in doing sth.(参与做某事)，involve用动名词形式。故填involving。
48. ________ (沉溺) to the virtual world, the boy can’t deal with the realistic life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Addicted
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这个男孩沉溺于虚拟世界，无法应付现实生活。be addicted to (沉溺于)，该空用作非谓语动词，用过去分词addicted作状语，首字母大写。故填Addicted。
49. The________(改编) of the film got the credit from the writer of the original novel. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】adaptation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这部电影的改编得到了原小说作者的赞誉。结合句意可知，是“这部电影的改编”，用单数名词adaptation (改编)作主语。故填adaptation。
50. Though it took place by________(偶然), we should be aware of the essence of it. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】chance##accident
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：虽然这是偶然事件，但我们应该意识到它的本质。根据汉语提示可知是固定短语by chance或by accident，在句中作方式状语，故填chance/accident。
51. To our relief, we found the child trapped in ruins safe and________(安然无恙). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sound
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：令我们宽慰的是，我们发现被困在废墟中的孩子安然无恙。形容词短语safe and sound(安然无恙)符合句意，作宾补。故填sound。
52. The________(破坏的) earthquake generated the huge economic loss for the country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】destructive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：破坏性地震给国家造成了巨大的经济损失。根据汉语提示和句子结构，用形容词destructive作定语，修饰名词earthquake。故填destructive。
53. The authority determined to rescue the species to prevent them from going________(灭绝). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】 extinct
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当局决定拯救这一物种，以防止它们灭绝。go extinct (灭绝)，go相当于系动词，用形容词extinct (灭绝的)作表语。故填extinct。
54. The program has s________(刺激) audience’s interest in further exploring Chinese culture. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】stimulated##timulated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：该节目激发了观众进一步探索中国文化的兴趣。主动语态，结合助动词has可知，此处表过去的动作或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成的影响，谓语动词stimulate (刺激)用现在完成时（has done），stimulate用过去分词形式。故填stimulated。
55. The efficiency of study is related to the focus of mind rather than________(消耗) of time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】consumption
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：学习的效率与思维的注意力有关，而不是与时间消耗有关。根据句子结构和汉语提示，此处应用抽象名词consumption作宾语。故填consumption。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
56. 假如你是东方中学高一学生李华，你校将于下周六举办“中国传统美食节”。请给你校外籍教师Eric写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容（美食制作、品尝、知识竞赛等）。
要求：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Eric,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eric,
In order to promote Chinese traditional food, a Chinese Gourmet Festival is scheduled to be held next Saturday in our school. I am writing to invite you to join us for it.
The festival will include many activities. We’ll invite some people to show us how to make dumplings, Zongzi, spring rolls and other Chinese traditional food, and we’ll have the chance to make the food with our own hands! After that, we’ll enjoy the delicious food together. Finally, there is a food knowledge competition, where they’ll be rewarded if participants win the place.
Since you are crazy about Chinese traditional food, I sincerely hope you can accept my invitation.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生邀请你校外籍教师Eric参加你校下周六举办的“中国传统美食节”。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→organize
机会：chance→opportunity
最后：finally→at last
诚挚地：sincerely→genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变倒装句
原句：We’ll invite some people to show us how to make dumplings, Zongzi, spring rolls and other Chinese traditional food, and we’ll have the chance to make the food with our own hands!
拓展句：Not only will we invite some people to show us how to make dumplings, Zongzi, spring rolls and other Chinese traditional food, but also we’ll have the chance to make the food with our own hands!
【点睛】【高分句型1】Finally, there is a food knowledge competition, where they’ll be rewarded if participants win the place. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句和if引导的条件状语从句)
【高分句型2】Since you are crazy about Chinese traditional food, I sincerely hope you can accept my invitation. (运用了Since引导原因状语从句和省略that引导的宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day my grandfather gave me a gift—a piggy bank. It had an opening through which one could put money in. But the opening was not big enough to reach in and get the money out.
"That's the whole idea," my grandfather explained. "The piggy bank will help you save your money so that, at the end of the year, you might have enough for that bike you dream about." He added, "Will you put some of the money given by me in the following days into the piggy bank?" I said “yes" and promised.
Whenever he gave me a little bit of money, he would say, "This is for spending. But you can save some and put it in the piggy bank if you want to save it up." When he gave me larger amounts, it was clearly for saving in the piggy bank. For some time, this worked fine. I loved shaking the piggy bank and hearing the sound of the coins. As it became heavier, I grew excited, dreaming about what I could do with my savings.
One day my friend and I visited the new ice-cream shop in town. but we didn't have enough money to buy just one ice cream. So my friend asked me to take some money out of my piggy bank. "No, I can't." I replied. "There is an opening for putting the money in, but no way for taking any out. Besides, my grandfather told me that I need to save money until the end of the year."
"Come on…" said my friend. Finally, I gave in. We took the piggy bank to the park and tried our best to shake out the money. We succeeded. From then on, I became good at taking money out of my piggy bank. Soon, it became a habit. And I started taking out money whenever I wanted it.
One day I was doing that again when my grandfather walked in. I was frightened.
注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答
The piggy bank fell out of my hands and broke.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, Grandpa gave me another piggy bank.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The piggy bank fell out of my hands and broke. Grandpa asked me what happened. I showed my resourcefulness in an emergency, lying to Grandpa that I was about to put some coins into piggy bank, but because I had just washed my hands, they were so slippery that the bank slipped from my hands. It seemed that Grandpa believed in what I said and told me to be careful.
The next day, Grandpa gave me another piggy bank. Obviously, he was aware of my lie yesterday and just didn’t expose me. I also realized my mistake, feeling ashamed of what I had done and from that day on, I never secretly took money from the piggy bank again. At the end of the year, I successfully bought a bike that I had been longing for. Watching me riding on the bike, Grandpa’s face wore a satisfied smile.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在被爷爷发现自己偷偷从存钱罐里取钱后，作者认识到自己的错误，坚持存钱，并在年底成功地买了一辆自己一直想要的自行车的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“存钱罐从我手里掉下来摔坏了。”可知，第一段可描写在被爷爷撞见自己偷偷从存钱罐里取钱后作者的谎言以及爷爷的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，爷爷又给了我一个存钱罐。”可知，第二段可描写作者认识到自己的错误，从那以后再没偷偷取钱，最后在年底成功地买了一辆自己一直想要的自行车。
2.续写线索：被撞见——谎言——爷爷的反应——新存钱罐——认识到错误——成功买自行车
3.词汇激活
行为类
①滑落：slip/slide
②.渴望：long for / yearn for
③.揭穿：expose / lay bare
情绪类
①.小心的：careful / cautious
②.羞愧的：ashamed / humiliated
【点睛】[高分句型1]. It seemed that Grandpa believed in what I said and told me to be careful.（运用了that引导的主语从句以及what引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. I also realized my mistake, feeling ashamed of what I had done and from that day on, I never secretly took money from the piggy bank again.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语以及what引导的宾语从句）
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