_2021年上海徐汇中考英语试题及答案

这是一份_2021年上海徐汇中考英语试题及答案，共28页。

2021年上海徐汇中考英语试题及答案
Part 2Grammar and Vocabulary（第二部分语法和词汇）II. Choose the best answer （选择最恰当的答案） （本大题共 15题，每题1分，共15分。每题只有一个正确选项）
1．（1分）Many medical workers are busy their work during lunch time.（　　）
A．to B．of C．from D．with
2．（1分）I haven't brought my dictionary with me.Can I use ？（　　）
A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself
3．（1分）There was to eat at home，so I went out to get some food.（　　）
A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything
4．（1分）Yuan Longping is recognized as one of agricultural scientists in the world.（　　）
A．great B．greater
C．greatest D．the greatest
5．（1分）Your idea of a day on the beach sounds .Can I join you？（　　）
A．lovely B．softly
C．politely D．beautifully
6．（1分）﹣ The 10th China Flower Expo is being held in Chongming. does it last？
﹣ About 40 days.（　　）
A．How long B．How soon C．How far D．How often
7．（1分）﹣ I have two tickets for the Chinese Farmers' Painting Exhibition？
﹣ Sorry.The tickets are sold out.（　　）
A．Must B．Need C．Should D．May
8．（1分）Last weekend，David a visit to his grandparents in the countryside.（　　）
A．pays B．paid C．will pay D．has paid
9．（1分）The headmaster is not available now.He to the new teachers.（　　）
A．speaks B．spoke
C．is speaking D．was speaking
10．（1分）Michael and his friends practise table tennis after school every day.（　　）
A．play B．played C．playing D．to play
11．（1分）The manager asked his secretary the report before Friday.（　　）
A．finish B．finishes C．finishing D．to finish
12．（1分）We should look forward to the future， never forget the past.（　　）
A．or B．so C．but D．for
13．（1分）The fridge is environmentally friendly it uses less electricity.（　　）
A．because B．until C．before D．though
14．（1分）The amusement park has received many visitors， ？（　　）
A．has it B．hasn't it C．does it D．doesn't it
15．（1分） amazing the film Hi，Mom is!Mother's love always touches my heart.（　　）
A．How an B．How C．What an D．What
Ⅲ. Choose the proper words in the box to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once （选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词， 每词只能填一次）（本大题共8题，每题1分，共8分，每题只有一个正确选项）
16．（4分）
A.create B.product C.responsible D.influence E.unforgettable
Emily and I are twins.We love cooking healthy food together!Our parents have always
cooked at home.They really（1）　 　us a lot.
Working as sisters is interesting，as we have been through a large number of （2）　 　experiences.However，sometimes we'd like more space of our own in the kitchen.We try to be fair.If one person manages to （3）　 　a dish，the other person will write the process and take photos.Then we'll change jobs next time.
Our dishes are so popular that we have been invited to be （4）　 　for the Food and Health section in our school newspaper.

17．（4分）
A.needs B.exactly C.efforts D.excuses E.especially
Sometimes not everything works out perfectly ﹣ and that's OK!For example，we don't know （1）　 　 what the readers want，so it's quite hard to choose a widely accepted picture of the food.But we try our best to meet their （2）　 　.We discuss the work and help each other to improve.That's the best part about working together.We have been awarded "Best Campus Cook" several times for our（3）　 　.
We love making new dishes，taking pictures，and then posting them on our school newspaper.It's always good to try new things ﹣﹣ （4）　 　 with food!When you eat healthily，it makes you feel better，and it can be twice as delicious.
IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms （用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词） （本大题共8题， 共8分）
18．（1分）I live near my school.It takes me only ten 　 　to walk there. （minute）
19．（1分）Lily and Mary have known each other for 　 　years. （seventh）
20．（1分）The Bund attracts many people with 　 　beautiful night view. （it）
21．（1分）The organization has set strict rules on the release of 　 　chemicals. （harm）
22．（1分）Without the glasses，he can't see the words on the blackboard 　 　. （clear）
23．（1分）Tony has made up his mind to be a soldier to 　 　the country after graduation. （service）
24．（1分）Shanghai Museum has a large 　 　of works of art from home and abroad. （collect）
25．（1分）Some rainforests are likely to 　 　if we don't take action to protect them. （appear）
V. Complete the following sentences as required （根据所给要求完成句子。1-6 小题每空格限填一词）（本大题共7题，每题2分，共14分）
26．（2分）My deskmate borrowed some books from the library at noon. （改为否定句）
My deskmate 　 　　 　any books from the library at noon.
27．（2分）The government has spent 10 million yuan improving the water quality. （对划线部分提问）
　 　　 　 has the government spent improving the water quality？
28．（2分）Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients' lives. （改为被动语态）
A lot of patients' lives 　 　　 　by Doctor Wu Mengchao.
29．（2分）John is wondering how he can keep the balance between work and play. （改为简单句）
John is wondering 　 　　 　keep the balance between work and play.
30．（2分）I had a good time in the ocean park the day before yesterday. （ 保持句意基本不变）
I 　 　　 　in the ocean park the day before yesterday.
31．（2分）"Have you visited the National Book Expo？" Linda asked me. （改为间接引语）
Linda asked me 　 　I 　 　visited the National Book Expo.
32．（2分）a meal plan，the community，make，for the aged，is trying to （连词成句）
　 　.
Part 3Reading and Writing（第三部分读写）VI. Reading comprehension （阅读理解） （本大题共25题， 共50分）A. Choose the best answer （根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案） （12 分）
33．（12分）
WELCOME TO NEW CITY ZOO
SCHEDULE FOR SUMMER 2021
ZOO HOURS：9：00 a.m. ﹣ 6：00 p.m.
Weather may affect some activities.
ANIMAL EXPERIENCES
SPECIAL EXPERIENCES
WATCHING
STARTING TIME
LENGTH
GUIDED BUS TOUR
（10：00 a.m. ﹣ 5：00 p.m.）
Round﹣trip in the zoo with bus ticket，1﹣Day Pass or yearly card.
Elephant
10：00 a.m.
25 mins
Lion
11：00 a.m.
15 mins
Bear
2：30 p.m.
25 mins
Wolf
4：00 p.m.
25 mins
MINI﹣TRAIN
（10：30 a.m. ﹣ 4：30 p.m.）
Get a hand stamp at the gate of the zoo，and you can get on and off the mini﹣train unlimited times on the same day.
Monkey
4：30 p.m.
20 mins
To have a close look at the animals，please check the time listed above.
FOR HEALTH & SAFETY：
×Do not cross safety lines to take photos.
×Do not touch or feed any animals.
√ Keep children in sight at all times.

WARNING：It is against the law to feed or disturb any animals in the zoo. Violators will be required to leave the zoo，and could pay fines up to ＄300.
Thank you for treating animals and their ling space with respect!
For more information，please contact the visitor centre （825﹣202﹣ 1202）or visit newcityzoo.com.

（1）What time does New City Zoo open？ 　 　
A.At 9：00 a.m.
B.At 10：00 a.m.
C.At 10：30 a.m.
D.At 1：00 a.m.
（2）At 2：45 p.m.，visitors can have a close look at 　 　.
A.elephants
B.bears
C.wolves
D.monkeys
（3）With a 　 　visitors can take the mini﹣train as many times as they want on the same day.
A.hand stamp
B.1﹣Day Pass
C.yearly card
D.bus ticket
（4）The underlined word "Violators" in the material means "people who 　 　".
A.visit the zoo regularly
B.look after the animals
C.feed or disturb the animals
D.want to return the zoo tickets
（5）Which of the following about the zoo is TRUE？ 　 　
A.The schedule is for the winter of 2021.
B.Guided bus tour is available at 9：00 a.m.
C.No activities will be affected by the weather.
D.Visitors can visit newcityzoo.com for more information.
（6）The main purpose of the material is to 　 　 in the zoo.
A.protect the wild animals
B.stress the importance of safety
C.provide choices of transportation
D.introduce the activities and rules
B.Choose the best answer and complete the passage （选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（12分）
34．（12分）What do you need for an invention to be a success？
To begin with，good timing is very（1）　 　.You can have a good idea which the public doesn't want yet.Take Giovanni Caselli as an example.He invented the first fax machine in the 1860s.Though the quality was excellent，his invention quickly （2）　 　.The fax machine did not become a necessary piece of equipment in every office until the 1980s.
Money also helps.The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea for a steam engine almost a hundred years before James Watt was born.Denis never had enough money to （3）　 　one.
You also need to be patient.It took scientists nearly eighty years to invent a light bulb. （4）　 　，you shouldn't be too slow.In the 1870s，Elisha Gray developed plans for a telephone.Gray saw it only as "a beautiful toy".When he finally sent details of his invention to the Patent Office（专利局）on February 14th，1876，it was too （5）　 　.Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier.The young man who sent them was Alexander Graham Bell.He is remembered as the inventor of the telephone.
Of course what you really need is a wonderful idea.If you haven't got one，a walk in the countryside and a careful look at （6）　 　can help.The Swiss scientist，George de Mestral，had the idea for Velcro （粘扣） when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the countryside.

（1）A.interesting
B.important
C.personal
D.satisfying
（2）A.died
B.improved
C.spread
D.appeared
（3）A.deliver
B.repair
C.use
D.build
（4）A.However
B.Instead
C.So far
D.At last
（5）A.modern
B.difficult
C.late
D.old
（6）A.society
B.nature
C.pictures
D.advertisements


C.Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（14分）
35．（14分）It's 5：00 a.m.!A morning call wakes up Marco.He doesn't get up so （1）e 　 　at home in Los Angeles.Well，maybe to eat breakfast once in a while but never to herd （放牧） cows and sheep!But Marco isn't at home.He is in Africa，on the grasslands of Kenya （肯尼亚）.He is living with the herdsmen.
"Life is very different in Kenya.People live a （2）p 　 　 life here on the grasslands.They can't afford TVs，cars or mobile phones.They make a living mainly by herding cows and sheep，" Marco says.
Marco's trip to Africa isn't a （3）h 　 　.It's part of the school project for biology course at Sunshine School.The school hopes the students will have more life experiences.They have never been to Africa.Kenya is a country which is （4）c 　 　new to the students from Los Angeles.When the students get there，they put on local clothing.Boys herd cows.Girls collect firewood and water.Families depend on their cows.As a result，the herdsmen and the students have to （5）m 　 　from one area to another so that the cows have more grass to eat.
Now in Los Angeles，Kenya is on the minds of the students at Sunshine School all year.Disasters have killed many cows in Kenya，so the students decide to raise money to （6）b 　 　 cows for the local people.Each cow costs about ＄100. "One cow means more to the health of a family than money， "says Marco. "Here we are rally giving life.A cow will give a kid milk every day."
The school wants to give the students a different way of thinking.Helping the herdsmen in Kenya is just the first （7）s 　 　.Next，the students will try to discover ways to give a hand to those in Los Angeles who need help.
D. Answer the questions （根据短文内容回答问题） （12 分）
36．（12分）Triathlon is a race in which each person swims，rides a bicycle and runs over very long distances.It has been held ten times in Hope Town.Sam，aged 20，finished nine races with his younger brother Luke.Every race was a victory for them.Luke can't walk，talk or feed himself because of a rare brain illness since birth.But Sam wants his brother to know what it feels like to be part of a sport instead of having to sit and watch.A local TV journalist interviewed Sam after he received the Town Hero Award.
（J＝Journalist，S＝Sam）
J：How did you get the idea to include Luke in these events？
S：When I was ten，my mom showed me a video of two young men from another city doing triathlons.One of the men had a condition like Luke has.I got the idea from that.
J：What's it like having Luke along？
S：I feel good and proud during the whole triathlon，for I'm giving something to Luke.He can experience things any other man would.
J：What do you get from him？
S：It's the smile on Luke's face.That smile brightens me.The feeling of knowing that I've done something for him is unbelievable.
J：When you received the Town Hero Award，you talked about the importance of changing the way you see things.What did you mean？
S：People see Luke very differently： "Oh，he can't do something like that.He's disabled." But if you just change how you see things，you can see there are many possibilities where Luke can do swimming，biking or even triathlons，like we do.
J：What do you want to share with other young men？
S：（6）

（1）How many races did Sam and Luke finish？
　 　
（2）Who has suffered from a brain illness，Sam or Luke？
　 　
（3）What did Sam's mom show him when he was ten？
　 　
（4）How does Sam feel during the whole triathlon？
　 　
（5）What does Sam get from Luke？
　 　
（6）What might be Sam's reply to the journalist's last question？Write TWO sentences.
　 　
VI. Writing （作文） （本大题共1题，共20分）
37．（20分）Write at least 60 words according to the given situation. （根据以下情境写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格）
你的学校正在为以下活动课招募教学小助手（teaching assistant）：
球类（Ball Games） 演讲（Speech） 器乐（Instrumental Music）
戏剧（Drama） 手工（Handicrafts） 摄影（Photography）
假设你是李华，请给教导处张老师写封信，结合你的兴趣和特长，说明你想担任哪一门活动课的小助手及理由。
（注意： （1）信中不得出现姓名、校名等个人信息，否则不予评分。（2）照抄阅读语篇不得分。）


2021年上海市中考英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
Part 2Grammar and Vocabulary（第二部分语法和词汇）II. Choose the best answer （选择最恰当的答案） （本大题共 15题，每题1分，共15分。每题只有一个正确选项）
1．（1分）Many medical workers are busy their work during lunch time.（　　）
A．to B．of C．from D．with
【分析】许多医务人员在午餐时间忙于工作。
【解答】固定短语be busy with sth忙于做某事。
故选：D。
【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对常用介词的辨析。
2．（1分）I haven't brought my dictionary with me.Can I use ？（　　）
A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself
【分析】我没带字典。我能用你的吗？
【解答】you你、你们，主格或宾格；your你的、你们的，形容词性物主代词；yours名词性物主代词；yourself你自己，反身代词。根据I haven't brought my dictionary with me."我没带字典。"可知，我能用"你的字典"吗？为了避免与前面名词重复，这里用名词性物主代词yours代替your dictionary。
故选：C。
【点评】分析选项代词意思及用法，结合语境，找到关键词句，选择合适答案。
3．（1分）There was to eat at home，so I went out to get some food.（　　）
A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything
【分析】家里没有什么吃的了，因此我要去超市买一些了。
【解答】A.anything一些事或物，一般用于否定句和疑问句；B.nothing什么都没有，本身表示否定；C.something一些事或物，常用于肯定句；D.everything一切事物，以单数形式表达所有概念。因为题意"我要去超市买一些了"可推出"家里没什么吃的了"。
故选：B。
【点评】本题考查不定代词辨析，基础题，熟悉每个选项的用法及含义，根据题干即可作出选择。
4．（1分）Yuan Longping is recognized as one of agricultural scientists in the world.（　　）
A．great B．greater
C．greatest D．the greatest
【分析】袁隆平被公认为世界上最伟大的农业科学家之一。
【解答】结合one of...之一，要用最高级，前面要加the。
故选：D。
【点评】掌握形容词的用法是解题关键。
5．（1分）Your idea of a day on the beach sounds .Can I join you？（　　）
A．lovely B．softly
C．politely D．beautifully
【分析】你关于在海滩上度过一天的想法听起来很可爱。我能和你一起去吗？
【解答】lovely可爱的，形容词；softly柔然地，副词；politely礼貌地，副词；beautifully美丽地，副词。sound是系动词，后面跟形容词作表语。
故选：A。
【点评】考查副词词义辨析，要牢记副词的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。
6．（1分）﹣ The 10th China Flower Expo is being held in Chongming. does it last？
﹣ About 40 days.（　　）
A．How long B．How soon C．How far D．How often
【分析】﹣﹣第十届中国花卉展正在崇明举办。它持续多久？
﹣﹣大约40天。
【解答】how long多久，询问持续的时间，how soon多久以后，用于一般将来时，how far多远，询问距离，how often多久一次，询问频率，根据答语About 40 days.可知是对持续时间的回答，据此判断问句是询问持续多久。
故选：A。
【点评】掌握疑问词组的含义，结合句意作答。
7．（1分）﹣ I have two tickets for the Chinese Farmers' Painting Exhibition？
﹣ Sorry.The tickets are sold out.（　　）
A．Must B．Need C．Should D．May
【分析】—我可以买两张中国农民画展的票吗？
—对不起，票都卖光了。
【解答】must一定，必须；need需要；should应该；may可以，可能。根据后句句意"对不起，票都卖光了"可知，要问"我可以买两张中国农民画展的票吗"，填"可以"，其它选项语意不通。
故选：D。
【点评】考查情态动词，牢记情态动词的含义和用法，进行对比，排除错误的答案，从而做出正确的答案。
8．（1分）Last weekend，David a visit to his grandparents in the countryside.（　　）
A．pays B．paid C．will pay D．has paid
【分析】上周末，大卫去农村看望了他的祖父母。
【解答】结合Last weekend，可知是一般过去时，动词要用过去式paid。
故选：B。
【点评】掌握一般过去时用法是解题关键。
9．（1分）The headmaster is not available now.He to the new teachers.（　　）
A．speaks B．spoke
C．is speaking D．was speaking
【分析】校长现在没空。他正在和新老师讲话。
【解答】结合上句now和语境：校长现在没空。他正在和新老师讲话。可知是现在进行时，构成是be doing。
故选：C。
【点评】掌握现在进行时用法是解题关键。
10．（1分）Michael and his friends practise table tennis after school every day.（　　）
A．play B．played C．playing D．to play
【分析】迈克尔和他的朋友们每天放学后练习打乒乓球。
【解答】根据题干，可知考查practice doing sth练习做某事。
故选：C。
【点评】熟悉动名词的用法，结合题意，给出答案。
11．（1分）The manager asked his secretary the report before Friday.（　　）
A．finish B．finishes C．finishing D．to finish
【分析】经理要求秘书在星期五之前完成报告。
【解答】根据题干，可知考查ask sb to do sth让某人做某事。
故选：D。
【点评】熟悉不定式的用法，结合题意，给出答案。
12．（1分）We should look forward to the future， never forget the past.（　　）
A．or B．so C．but D．for
【分析】我们应该展望未来，但是永远不要忘记过去。
【解答】A或者，B所以，C但是，D因为。根据展望未来，不要忘记过去。中间应该是转折关系。
故选：C。
【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对常用连词的辨析。
13．（1分）The fridge is environmentally friendly it uses less electricity.（　　）
A．because B．until C．before D．though
【分析】冰箱是环保的，因为它用电少。
【解答】A因为，B直到，C在..以前，D虽然，根据前面说是环保的，可知后面是因为用电少。
故选：A。
【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对常用连词的辨析。
14．（1分）The amusement park has received many visitors， ？（　　）
A．has it B．hasn't it C．does it D．doesn't it
【分析】游乐园已经接待了很多游客，对吗？
【解答】根据句式和标点，可知此题查反意疑问句，它由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。主要形式：陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式；陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式。由has received "已经接待了"可知此题为前肯定，后应该用否定式。助动词是has ，疑问部分应用hasn't.
故选：B。
【点评】要掌握反意疑问句的结构，尤其是疑问句的构成，可突破难点。
15．（1分） amazing the film Hi，Mom is!Mother's love always touches my heart.（　　）
A．How an B．How C．What an D．What
【分析】《你好，李焕英》这部电影多么令人惊讶啊！母亲的爱总是触动我的心。
【解答】在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据amazing the film Hi，Mom is!可知句子的主语是the film，系动词是is，句型结构为：How +形容词+主语+谓语动词！
故选：B。
【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合感叹句的构成准确作答。
Ⅲ. Choose the proper words in the box to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once （选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词， 每词只能填一次）（本大题共8题，每题1分，共8分，每题只有一个正确选项）
16．（4分）
A.create B.product C.responsible D.influence E.unforgettable
Emily and I are twins.We love cooking healthy food together!Our parents have always
cooked at home.They really（1）　D　us a lot.
Working as sisters is interesting，as we have been through a large number of （2）　E　experiences.However，sometimes we'd like more space of our own in the kitchen.We try to be fair.If one person manages to （3）　A　a dish，the other person will write the process and take photos.Then we'll change jobs next time.
Our dishes are so popular that we have been invited to be （4）　C　for the Food and Health section in our school newspaper.

【分析】文章讲述了作者和她的双胞胎姐姐喜欢一起烹饪健康的食物，并被邀请为她们校报的食品和健康板块创作。
【解答】（1）D 考查动词。根据They really...us a lot.结合语境，可知是指：它们真的影响了我们很多。故填D。
（2）E 考查形容词。根据we have been through a large number of...experiences，可知是指：我们已经经历了许多难忘的经历。故填E。
（3）A 考查动词。根据If one person manages to...a dish，the other person will write the process and take photos，可知是指：如果一个人成功地创造了一道菜，另一个人将写下制作过程并拍照。故填A。
（4）C 考查形容词。根据Our dishes are so popular that we have been invited to be...for the Food and Health section in our school newspaper.可知是指：我们的菜很受欢迎，所以我们被邀请负责我们校报的食品和健康板块。be responsible for对……负责。故填C。
【点评】选择词语时，在考虑文章大意的前提下，应该注意文章及句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置。通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求。
17．（4分）
A.needs B.exactly C.efforts D.excuses E.especially
Sometimes not everything works out perfectly ﹣ and that's OK!For example，we don't know （1）　B　 what the readers want，so it's quite hard to choose a widely accepted picture of the food.But we try our best to meet their （2）　A　.We discuss the work and help each other to improve.That's the best part about working together.We have been awarded "Best Campus Cook" several times for our（3）　C　.
We love making new dishes，taking pictures，and then posting them on our school newspaper.It's always good to try new things ﹣﹣ （4）　E　 with food!When you eat healthily，it makes you feel better，and it can be twice as delicious.
【分析】文章介绍了双胞胎姐妹热衷于制作美食，并拍照贴在校报上。由于她们的努力，多次被授予"最佳校园厨师"。
【解答】（1）B 考查副词。根据we don't know...what the readers want，可知是指：我们不知道读者到底想要什么，故选B。
（2）A 考查名词。根据But we try our best to meet their...，结合前文"我们不知道读者到底想要什么"，可知此处是指：但是我们尽力满足他们的需求，故选A。
（3）C 考查名词。根据We have been awarded "Best Campus Cook" several times for our efforts.可知是指：由于我们的努力，我们多次被授予"最佳校园厨师"，故选C。
（4）E 考查副词。根据It's always good to try new things ﹣﹣...with food!When you eat healthily，可知是指：尝试新事物总是好的——尤其是食物!当你吃得健康。故选E。
【点评】选择词语时，在考虑文章大意的前提下，应该注意文章及句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置。通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求。
IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms （用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词） （本大题共8题， 共8分）
18．（1分）I live near my school.It takes me only ten 　minutes　to walk there. （minute）
【分析】我住在学校附近，步行到那里只需要十分钟。
【解答】根据题干"It takes me only ten ____to walk there. "，可知此题使用句型It takes sb some time to do sth：做某事花费某人多长时间；结合ten 和所给词minute，可得出答案：minutes。
故答案为：minutes。
【点评】做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案。
19．（1分）Lily and Mary have known each other for 　seven　years. （seventh）
【分析】莉莉和玛丽已经认识七年了。
【解答】"Lily and Mary have known each other"的意思是"莉莉和玛丽已经认识"，结合所给序数词seventh和years，可推出两人认识的时间为"七年"，答案为基数词seven。
故答案为：seven。
【点评】做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案。
20．（1分）The Bund attracts many people with 　its　beautiful night view. （it）
【分析】外滩以其美丽的夜景吸引了许多人。
【解答】The Bund attracts many people 是句子的主谓宾；在with ____beautiful night view.短语中，beautiful 和night 是形容词，view 是名词；结合所给词it，可知答案为 its"它的"，其为形容词性物主代词。with its beautiful night view，以其美丽的夜景。
故答案为：its。
【点评】做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案。
21．（1分）The organization has set strict rules on the release of 　harmful　chemicals. （harm）
【分析】该组织对有害化学物质的释放已经制定了严格的规定。
【解答】The organization has set strict rules "该组织已经制定了严格的规定"是句子的主谓宾；on the release of 表示"对...化学物质的释放"；结合所给的动词harm，可知此题考查其形容词harmful"有害的"，harmful修饰名词chemicals。
故答案为：harmful。
【点评】做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案。
22．（1分）Without the glasses，he can't see the words on the blackboard 　clearly　. （clear）
【分析】没有眼镜，他看不清黑板上的字。
【解答】he can't see the words "他看不清字"是句子的主谓宾；on the blackboard 做定语，修饰words；结合所给的形容词词 clear，可知此题考查其副词clearly，clearly修饰动词see。
故答案为：clearly。
【点评】做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案。
23．（1分）Tony has made up his mind to be a soldier to 　serve　the country after graduation. （service）
【分析】托尼已经下定决心，毕业后要当兵报国。
【解答】Tony has made up his mind to be a soldier是句子的主谓宾；第二个to 为动词不定式，其后跟动词原形；结合所给的名词service，可知此题考查其动词 serve "服务"。
故答案为：serve。
【点评】做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案。
24．（1分）Shanghai Museum has a large 　collection　of works of art from home and abroad. （collect）
【分析】上海博物馆收藏了大量来自国内外的艺术作品。
【解答】结合所给词a large 和of，可知空处因为一个名词单数，可推出句意为：上海博物馆收藏了大量来自国内外的艺术作品。collect的名词为collection。
故答案为：collection。
【点评】做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案。
25．（1分）Some rainforests are likely to 　disappear　if we don't take action to protect them. （appear）
【分析】如果我们不采取行动保护它们，一些热带雨林可能会消失。
【解答】句子"if we don't take action to protect them."的意思是"如果我们不采取行动保护它们"，结合所给动词appear，可推出主句意思为"一些热带雨林可能会消失"；appear的反义词为disappear，are likely to 后跟do sth。
故答案为：disappear。
【点评】做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式，然后对所给单词进行适当的变形，从而得出正确答案。
V. Complete the following sentences as required （根据所给要求完成句子。1-6 小题每空格限填一词）（本大题共7题，每题2分，共14分）
26．（2分）My deskmate borrowed some books from the library at noon. （改为否定句）
My deskmate 　didn't　　borrow　any books from the library at noon.
【分析】我的同桌中午从图书馆借了一些书。
我的同桌中午没有从图书馆借一些书。
【解答】原句是一般过去时，其否定句在过去式动词borrowed前加didn't，borrowed还原成原形borrow。
故答案是 didn't borrow。
【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答。
27．（2分）The government has spent 10 million yuan improving the water quality. （对划线部分提问）
　How　　much　 has the government spent improving the water quality？
【分析】政府已花费1000万元改善水质。
政府已花费多少钱改善水质？
【解答】划线部分10 million yuan 表示价钱，用疑问词how much多少钱。
故答案是How much。
【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，找准疑问词，结合时态准确作答。
28．（2分）Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients' lives. （改为被动语态）
A lot of patients' lives 　were　　saved　by Doctor Wu Mengchao.
【分析】吴孟超医生挽救了很多病人的生命。
很多病人的生命被吴孟超医生挽救了。
【解答】根据谓语动词saved可知是一般过去时，被动语态的构成是：be（was，were）+过去分词构成，主语A lot of patients' lives 是复数，be动词用were。
故答案是 were saved。
【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合被动语态的构成准确作答。
29．（2分）John is wondering how he can keep the balance between work and play. （改为简单句）
John is wondering 　how　　to　keep the balance between work and play.
【分析】约翰想知道他怎样才能在工作和娱乐之间保持平衡。
约翰想知道怎样才能在工作和娱乐之间保持平衡。
【解答】原句是疑问词how作连接词的宾语从句，转换成简单句用句型"疑问词+动词不定式to do"。
故答案是how to。
【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合语法、同义词、反义词等，准确作答。
30．（2分）I had a good time in the ocean park the day before yesterday. （ 保持句意基本不变）
I 　enjoyed　　myself　in the ocean park the day before yesterday.
【分析】前天我在海洋公园玩得很开心。
前天我在海洋公园玩得很开心。
【解答】have a good time＝enjoy oneself玩得开心，根据原句时态用一般过去时，主语是I，反身代词用myself。
故答案是enjoyed myself。
【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合语法、同义词、反义词等，准确作答。
31．（2分）"Have you visited the National Book Expo？" Linda asked me. （改为间接引语）
Linda asked me 　whether　I 　had　visited the National Book Expo.
【分析】Linda问我，"你是否参观过全国图书交易博览会"？Linda问我是否参观过全国图书交易博览会。
【解答】结合句意，Linda问我，"你是否参观过全国图书交易博览会"？根据题目要求，改为间接引语，这是一个一般疑问句，所以关系词要用whether，主语谓语动词是asked，所以从句也要相应用过去时，第二空用had.
故答案为：whether；had
【点评】结合句意，根据题目要求，作出正确的句型转换。
32．（2分）a meal plan，the community，make，for the aged，is trying to （连词成句）
　The community is trying to make a meal plan for the aged　.
【分析】The community is trying to make a meal plan for the aged.社区正在努力为老年人制定膳食计划。
【解答】根据所给的词和标点，可知本题为词一般陈述句，且为现在进行时态。The community是主语；谓语动词is trying 放在主语后；try to do sth表示"努力做..."；喜欢学。make a meal plan for 表示"为...制定膳食计划"；the aged表示"老年人"。
故答案为：The community is trying to make a meal plan for the aged。
【点评】做连词成句这种类型的题，首先确定句子类型，如：陈述句、疑问句或感叹句等，然后根据所给单词，明确主语、谓语等句子成分，在确定句意的前提下结合语法知识组合句子。
Part 3Reading and Writing（第三部分读写）VI. Reading comprehension （阅读理解） （本大题共25题， 共50分）A. Choose the best answer （根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案） （12 分）
33．（12分）
WELCOME TO NEW CITY ZOO
SCHEDULE FOR SUMMER 2021
ZOO HOURS：9：00 a.m. ﹣ 6：00 p.m.
Weather may affect some activities.
ANIMAL EXPERIENCES
SPECIAL EXPERIENCES
WATCHING
STARTING TIME
LENGTH
GUIDED BUS TOUR
（10：00 a.m. ﹣ 5：00 p.m.）
Round﹣trip in the zoo with bus ticket，1﹣Day Pass or yearly card.
Elephant
10：00 a.m.
25 mins
Lion
11：00 a.m.
15 mins
Bear
2：30 p.m.
25 mins
Wolf
4：00 p.m.
25 mins
MINI﹣TRAIN
（10：30 a.m. ﹣ 4：30 p.m.）
Get a hand stamp at the gate of the zoo，and you can get on and off the mini﹣train unlimited times on the same day.
Monkey
4：30 p.m.
20 mins
To have a close look at the animals，please check the time listed above.
FOR HEALTH & SAFETY：
×Do not cross safety lines to take photos.
×Do not touch or feed any animals.
√ Keep children in sight at all times.

WARNING：It is against the law to feed or disturb any animals in the zoo. Violators will be required to leave the zoo，and could pay fines up to ＄300.
Thank you for treating animals and their ling space with respect!
For more information，please contact the visitor centre （825﹣202﹣ 1202）or visit newcityzoo.com.

（1）What time does New City Zoo open？ 　A　
A.At 9：00 a.m.
B.At 10：00 a.m.
C.At 10：30 a.m.
D.At 1：00 a.m.
（2）At 2：45 p.m.，visitors can have a close look at 　B　.
A.elephants
B.bears
C.wolves
D.monkeys
（3）With a 　A　visitors can take the mini﹣train as many times as they want on the same day.
A.hand stamp
B.1﹣Day Pass
C.yearly card
D.bus ticket
（4）The underlined word "Violators" in the material means "people who 　C　".
A.visit the zoo regularly
B.look after the animals
C.feed or disturb the animals
D.want to return the zoo tickets
（5）Which of the following about the zoo is TRUE？ 　D　
A.The schedule is for the winter of 2021.
B.Guided bus tour is available at 9：00 a.m.
C.No activities will be affected by the weather.
D.Visitors can visit newcityzoo.com for more information.
（6）The main purpose of the material is to 　D　 in the zoo.
A.protect the wild animals
B.stress the importance of safety
C.provide choices of transportation
D.introduce the activities and rules
【分析】可知本文主要介绍了动物园的一些活动和规则
【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据 ZOO HOURS：9：00 a.m. ﹣ 6：00 p.m.可知动物园开放时间：9：00 a.m. ﹣ 6：00 p.m.因此可知新的城市动物园开放时间为上午九点。故选A。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据Bear 2：30 p.m.25 mins 可知看熊是在下午2点35分，可以看25分钟，也就是到2点55分；因此可知在2点45分可以看熊。故选B。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据Get a hand stamp at the gate of the zoo，and you can get on and off the mini﹣train unlimited times on the same day.可知在动物园门口贴上手印，你就可以在同一天无限次上下车。故选A。
（4）C.词义猜测题。根据It is against the law to feed or disturb any animals in the zoo. Violators will be required to leave the zoo，and could pay fines up to ＄300.可知喂饲或打扰动物园内的任何动物都是违法的。_____将被要求离开动物园，并可能支付高达300美元的罚款。根据前后文含义以及结合选项可知，此处Violators意为"违反法规喂或打扰动物"。故选C。
（5）D.细节判断题。根据 For more information，please contact the visitor centre （825﹣202﹣ 1202）or visit newcityzoo.com.可知欲了解更多信息，请联系访客中心（825﹣202﹣1202）或访问newcityzoo.com。因此可知D选项表述正确。故选D。
（6）D.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据 ZOO HOURS：9：00 a.m. ﹣ 6：00 p.m.动物园开放时间：上午9：00﹣下午6：00。ANIMAL EXPERIENCES 动物体验；FOR HEALTH & SAFETY：健康和安全须知；WARNING：警告。同时结合全文可知本文主要介绍了动物园的一些活动和规则。故选D。
【点评】题目要求根据短文内容回答问题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、从文中提取信息的能力及归纳概括能力。做题时，要根据不同的题型分情况作答。
B.Choose the best answer and complete the passage （选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（12分）
34．（12分）What do you need for an invention to be a success？
To begin with，good timing is very（1）　B　.You can have a good idea which the public doesn't want yet.Take Giovanni Caselli as an example.He invented the first fax machine in the 1860s.Though the quality was excellent，his invention quickly （2）　A　.The fax machine did not become a necessary piece of equipment in every office until the 1980s.
Money also helps.The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea for a steam engine almost a hundred years before James Watt was born.Denis never had enough money to （3）　D　one.
You also need to be patient.It took scientists nearly eighty years to invent a light bulb. （4）　A　，you shouldn't be too slow.In the 1870s，Elisha Gray developed plans for a telephone.Gray saw it only as "a beautiful toy".When he finally sent details of his invention to the Patent Office（专利局）on February 14th，1876，it was too （5）　C　.Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier.The young man who sent them was Alexander Graham Bell.He is remembered as the inventor of the telephone.
Of course what you really need is a wonderful idea.If you haven't got one，a walk in the countryside and a careful look at （6）　B　can help.The Swiss scientist，George de Mestral，had the idea for Velcro （粘扣） when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the countryside.

（1）A.interesting
B.important
C.personal
D.satisfying
（2）A.died
B.improved
C.spread
D.appeared
（3）A.deliver
B.repair
C.use
D.build
（4）A.However
B.Instead
C.So far
D.At last
（5）A.modern
B.difficult
C.late
D.old
（6）A.society
B.nature
C.pictures
D.advertisements


【分析】主要介绍一些伟大的发明家和他们的发明及他们成功的因素。
【解答】（1）B 形容词辨析。A有趣的，B重要的，C私人的，D满意的，根据下句You can have a good idea which the public doesn't want yet.你能有一个公众还不想要的好主意。可知好的开始很重要，故答案是B。
（2）A 动词辨析。A死，B提高，C扩散，D出现，前面tough很重要意味尽管品质很好，他的发明还是迅速的停止传播（死掉），直到1980年电报才在每个公司成为了必须的装备，故答案是A。
（3）D 动词辨析。A传送，B修理，C使用，D建造，根据上句The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea for a steam engine almost a hundred years before James Watt was born.法国人丹尼斯•帕宾（Denis Papin）在詹姆斯•瓦特（James Watt）出生前将近一百年就有了蒸汽机的想法，这里应该是他没有钱建造一个，故答案是D。
（4）A 连词辨析。A然而，B代替，C到目前为止，D最后，根据上句You also need to be patient.It took scientists nearly eighty years to invent a light bulb.你还需要耐心。科学家们花了将近80年的时间发明了一个灯泡。及后面例子it was too late.Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier.太晚了，几乎相同的设计在两个小时前到达。可知表转折，然而也不能太慢了，故答案是A。
（5）C 形容词辨析。A现代的，B困难的，C晚的，D老的，根据后面Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier.几乎相同的设计在两个小时前到达。可知已经晚了，故答案是C。
（6）B 名词辨析。A社会，B自然，C图片，D广告，根据a walk in the countryside 在乡下，应该是看自然风景，故答案是B。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。\
C.Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（14分）
35．（14分）It's 5：00 a.m.!A morning call wakes up Marco.He doesn't get up so （1）e 　arly　at home in Los Angeles.Well，maybe to eat breakfast once in a while but never to herd （放牧） cows and sheep!But Marco isn't at home.He is in Africa，on the grasslands of Kenya （肯尼亚）.He is living with the herdsmen.
"Life is very different in Kenya.People live a （2）p 　oor　 life here on the grasslands.They can't afford TVs，cars or mobile phones.They make a living mainly by herding cows and sheep，" Marco says.
Marco's trip to Africa isn't a （3）h 　oliday　.It's part of the school project for biology course at Sunshine School.The school hopes the students will have more life experiences.They have never been to Africa.Kenya is a country which is （4）c 　ompletely　new to the students from Los Angeles.When the students get there，they put on local clothing.Boys herd cows.Girls collect firewood and water.Families depend on their cows.As a result，the herdsmen and the students have to （5）m 　ove　from one area to another so that the cows have more grass to eat.
Now in Los Angeles，Kenya is on the minds of the students at Sunshine School all year.Disasters have killed many cows in Kenya，so the students decide to raise money to （6）b 　uy　 cows for the local people.Each cow costs about ＄100. "One cow means more to the health of a family than money， "says Marco. "Here we are rally giving life.A cow will give a kid milk every day."
The school wants to give the students a different way of thinking.Helping the herdsmen in Kenya is just the first （7）s 　tep　.Next，the students will try to discover ways to give a hand to those in Los Angeles who need help.
【分析】本文以美国学生Marco在肯尼亚的经历为主，讲述了美国学生对肯尼亚的见闻和帮助。
【解答】（1）early.考查副词。根据句中get up"起床"，结合首字母，可知是early"早"，句意：他在洛杉矶的家里没有起过如此早。故填early。
（2）poor.考查形容词。根据下文They can't afford TVs，cars or mobile phones"他们买不起电视、汽车和手机"，结合首字母，可知是poor"贫穷的"。句意：这里牧场上的人们过着贫穷的生活。故填poor。
（3）holiday.考查名词。根据下文It's part of the school project for biology course"它是学校生物课项目的一部分"，句中有trip对应，结合首字母，可知是holiday"假期"，句意：Marco来非洲的旅程并非是度假。故填holiday。
（4）completely.考查副词。根据上文They have never been to Africa"他们从未来过非洲"，可知肯尼亚对他们来说是一个全新的国家，本句中的new是形容词，结合首字母，可知是completely"完全地"。故填completely。
（5）move.考查动词。根据下文so that the cows have more grass to eat"为了奶牛有更多的草吃"，结合首字母，可知是move"搬家"，move from one area to another"从一个地方搬到另一个"。故填move。
（6）buy.考查动词。根据下文中Each cow costs about ＄100"每只奶牛花费大约100美元"，结合句意，灾难已经使肯尼亚的许多头奶牛死亡，所以这些学生们决定筹钱来给当地的人们买"buy"奶牛。故填buy。
（7）step.考查名词。根据下文中的Next"接下来"，以及本句中的just the first…"仅仅是第一…"，结合首字母，可知是step"步；阶段"，句意：帮助肯尼亚的牧民只是第一阶段。故填step。
【点评】做首字母填词题，首先通读全文，理解文章大意，然后结合上下文，根据句意及首字母判断所填单词，并注意词语的正确形式，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
D. Answer the questions （根据短文内容回答问题） （12 分）
36．（12分）Triathlon is a race in which each person swims，rides a bicycle and runs over very long distances.It has been held ten times in Hope Town.Sam，aged 20，finished nine races with his younger brother Luke.Every race was a victory for them.Luke can't walk，talk or feed himself because of a rare brain illness since birth.But Sam wants his brother to know what it feels like to be part of a sport instead of having to sit and watch.A local TV journalist interviewed Sam after he received the Town Hero Award.
（J＝Journalist，S＝Sam）
J：How did you get the idea to include Luke in these events？
S：When I was ten，my mom showed me a video of two young men from another city doing triathlons.One of the men had a condition like Luke has.I got the idea from that.
J：What's it like having Luke along？
S：I feel good and proud during the whole triathlon，for I'm giving something to Luke.He can experience things any other man would.
J：What do you get from him？
S：It's the smile on Luke's face.That smile brightens me.The feeling of knowing that I've done something for him is unbelievable.
J：When you received the Town Hero Award，you talked about the importance of changing the way you see things.What did you mean？
S：People see Luke very differently： "Oh，he can't do something like that.He's disabled." But if you just change how you see things，you can see there are many possibilities where Luke can do swimming，biking or even triathlons，like we do.
J：What do you want to share with other young men？
S：（6）

（1）How many races did Sam and Luke finish？
　Nine.　
（2）Who has suffered from a brain illness，Sam or Luke？
　Luke.　
（3）What did Sam's mom show him when he was ten？
　A video of two young men from another city doing triathlons.　
（4）How does Sam feel during the whole triathlon？
　He felt good and proud.　
（5）What does Sam get from Luke？
　The smile on Luke's face.　
（6）What might be Sam's reply to the journalist's last question？Write TWO sentences.
　Sometimes we need to change how you see things.And we can see there are many possibilities where we can do that way.　
【分析】本文主要讲述了一名电视记者对获得城市英雄奖的山姆进行的一段采访。
【解答】（1）Nine.细节理解题。根据Sam，aged 20，finished nine races with his younger brother Luke.可知20岁的山姆和他的弟弟卢克一起完成了九场比赛。故答案为：Nine。
（2）Luke.细节理解题。根据Luke can't walk，talk or feed himself because of a rare brain illness since birth.可知卢克自出生以来就因为罕见的脑部疾病而不能走路、说话或吃饭。因此可知是卢克得了脑病。故答案为：Luke。
（3）A video of two young men from another city doing triathlons.细节理解题。根据When I was ten，my mom showed me a video of two young men from another city doing triathlons.可知我十岁的时候，我妈妈给我看了一段视频，视频里是两个来自另一个城市的年轻人在做铁人三项。故答案为：A video of two young men from another city doing triathlons。
（4）He felt good and proud.细节理解题。根据I feel good and proud during the whole triathlon，可知在整个铁人三项赛期间，我感觉很好，很自豪。故答案为：He felt good and proud。
（5）The smile on Luke's face.细节理解题。根据 J：What do you get from him？S：It's the smile on Luke's face.记者：你从他那里得到了什么？Sam：是卢克脸上的笑容。可知Sam从卢克那里得到了他脸上的笑容。故答案为：The smile on Luke's face。
（6）Sometimes we need to change how you see things.And we can see there are many possibilities where we can do that way.推理判断题。根据 S：People see Luke very differently： "Oh，he can't do something like that.He's disabled." But if you just change how you see things，you can see there are many possibilities where Luke can do swimming，biking or even triathlons，like we do.可知Sam：人们对卢克的看法很不一样："哦，他不能做那样的事。他是残疾人。"但如果你改变你对事物的看法，你会发现卢克有很多可能性，他可以像我们一样游泳、骑自行车甚至三项全能。因此可知山姆对记者最后一个问题的回答可能是有时我们要改变我们对事物的看法；那样的话你会发现自己有很多的可能性。故答案为：Sometimes we need to change how you see things.And we can see there are many possibilities where we can do that way。
【点评】题目要求根据短文内容回答问题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、从文中提取信息的能力及归纳概括能力。做题时，要根据不同的题型分情况作答。
VI. Writing （作文） （本大题共1题，共20分）
37．（20分）Write at least 60 words according to the given situation. （根据以下情境写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格）
你的学校正在为以下活动课招募教学小助手（teaching assistant）：
球类（Ball Games） 演讲（Speech） 器乐（Instrumental Music）
戏剧（Drama） 手工（Handicrafts） 摄影（Photography）
假设你是李华，请给教导处张老师写封信，结合你的兴趣和特长，说明你想担任哪一门活动课的小助手及理由。
（注意： （1）信中不得出现姓名、校名等个人信息，否则不予评分。（2）照抄阅读语篇不得分。）

【分析】【高分句型一】
AndIwanttolearnmoreaboutmusicfromothers.我想从别人那里学习更多的音乐。
learnmoreabout...学习更多关于……
【高分句型二】
I am lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.我期待着你的消息。
lookforwardto doing sth期待做某事。
【解答】DearMr Zhang，
I want to work in Instrumental Music as an assistant.（写信目的）
Asforme，Iprefer Instrumental Music.YouknowIhavelearntpianoformanyyears.AndIwanttolearnmoreaboutmusicfromothers.【高分句型一】What'smore，Icanmakemorefriendssharingthesameinterestwithme.Lifeinseniorhighschoolisquitedifferent.Wearesobusyeveryday.Therefore，thatwillbeagood chanceforus torelaxourselves.（介绍自己）
I am lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.【高分句型二】
Yours，
LiHua
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。