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精品解析：河南省鲁山县第一高级中学2022-2023学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题 （解析版）
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这是一份精品解析：河南省鲁山县第一高级中学2022-2023学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题 （解析版），共18页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37，5分，满分15分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高一下期英语月考试题 2023.5
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2．5分，满分37．5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
It was in the Victorian Era(维多利亚时期)that the novel became the leading form of literature in English. Most writers were more concerned to meet the tastes of the middle class. The best known works of the period included the works of Charles Dickens and the Bronte sisters and others.
Charles Dickens came on the literary scene in the 1830s. Dickens wrote vividly about London life and the struggles of the poor. Most of his works were written in a very humorous style, which was popular with readers of all classes.
The Bronte sisters were English writers of the 1840s and 1850s. They began to write from early childhood. In 1846 they published the first book at their own expense as poets; however, their book attracted little attention, selling only two copies. Then the sisters turned to writing novels, each producing a novel in the following year.
An interest in rural(田园的)matters and the changing social and economic situation of the countryside may be seen in the novels of Thomas Hardy and a number of others.
Literature for children developed as a single style. Some works became well-known, such as those of Lewis Carroll and Edward Lear. Adventure novels were written for adults but are now generally grouped in the list for children. Helen Beatrix Potter was an English author at the end of the Victorian Era, best known for her children's books, which featured(以……为特色)animal characters. In her thirties, Potter published the highly successful children's book The Tale of Peter Rabbit in 1902.
1. The author states in the last paragraph that______________.
A. Edward Lear was famous for writing about animals
B. adventure novels were not written for children at first
C. Thomas Hardy was not as famous as Lewis Carroll
D. society changed rapidly in the Victorian Era
2. Who wrote the famous children's book The Tale of Peter Rabbit according to the text?
A. Lewis Carroll. B. The Bronte sisters.
C. Thomas Hardy. D. Helen Beatrix Potter.
3. This text is mainly about______________.
A. literature in the Victorian Era
B. writing styles in the Victorian Era
C. famous works in the Victorian Era
D. the importance of literature in the Victorian Era
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了维多利亚时期出现的英国作家。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的信息Adventure novels were written for adults but are now generally grouped in the list for children. (那时候的冒险小说是写给成人的，但是现在冒险故事通常是孩子喜欢的书)可知那个时期冒险小说是为成年人而写的，因此不是为孩子写的。B. adventure novels were not written for children at first (最开始，冒险故事不是给孩子写的)符合以上说法，故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的信息Helen Beatrix Potter was an English author at the end of the Victorian Era, best known for her children's books which featured animal characters. In her thirties, Potter published the highly successful children's book The Tale of Peter Rabbit in 1902. (Helen Beatrix Potter是维多利亚末期的一个作者，因为孩子的书而出名，她的书以动物为特色。1902年，在她30多岁时出版了她最成功的儿童书The Tale of Peter Rabbit)可知该书为Helen. Beatrix Potter所写。故选D项。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据本文的主要内容，尤其是第一段的It was in the Victorian Era（维多利亚时期）that the novel became the leading form of literature in English. (正是在维多利亚时期小说成为了英国的主导文学形式)可知本篇主要谈的是维多利亚时期的文学。A. literature in the Victorian Era(维多利亚时期的文学)符合以上说法，故选A项。
B
With the development of our society, cellphones have become a common part in our lives. Have you ever run into a careless cellphone user in the street? Maybe they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new "species" of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name—phubbers (低头族).
Recently a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his cellphone while letting his patient die. A pretty woman takes a selfie (自拍) in front of a car accident site. And a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events will finally lead to the destruction(毁灭) of the world.
Although the ending of the film sounds unrealistic, the damage phubbing can bring is real. Your health is the first to bear the effect and the result of it. "Always bending your head to check your cellphone could damage your neck," Guangming Daily quoted doctors' words. "The neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching." Also, staring at cellphones for a long time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.
But that's not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. When getting together with family or friends, many people prefer to play their cellphones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.
It can also cost your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cellphones in broad daylight.
4. Why does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragraph 2?
A. To suggest phubbers will destroy the world.
B. To call for people to go walking without phones.
C. To tell people the bad effects of phubbing.
D. To advise students to create more cartoons like this.
5. According to the passage, what risks may a phubber have?
① Destructing the world.
② Affecting his social skills.
③ Damaging his neck and eyesight.
④ Getting separated from his friends and family.
A. ①②④ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②③④
6. What's the author's attitude towards phubbing?
A. Supportive. B. Confident. C. Disapproving. D. Unconcerned.
7. What will be talked about in the following paragraph?
A. Ways to avoid the risks of phubbing. B. Bad effects of phubbing.
C. Daily life of phubbers. D. Behaviours of phubbers.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要以当今社会盛行“低头族”现象为切入点，说明过度使用手机带来的不良后果和危害。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。文章第二段通过一部卡通片展示了人们因看手机而造成的悲剧,目的是告诉人们低头玩手机造成的不良影响；同时本段最后一句“A chain of similar events will finally lead to the destruction(毁灭) of the world.”（一连串类似的事件最终将导致破坏(毁灭)。），也能说明作者以此举例的目的是为了说明“低头族”的危害。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中"Always bending your head to check your cellphone could damage your neck"（总是低头看手机会伤到脖子）和"Also, staring at cellphones for a long time will damage your eyesight gradually"（此外，长时间盯着手机会逐渐损害你的视力）以及第四段第二句"Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family."（低头族还会损害你的社交技能，让你远离朋友和家人），可知低头族可能有的风险有：损害脖子和视力; 影响社交技能; 与家人、朋友分离。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文,再根据最后一段第一句“It can also cost your life.”（它也会让你付出生命的代价。）可推断,作者对低头玩手机这一行为的态度是反对的。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。本文属于社会热点类的议论文，论述“低头族”的危害后，还要针对这一现象提出解决应对的办法。文章讲述了低头族带来的一些坏影响, 所以接下来应该讲“如何避免低头玩手机的危险”。故选A项。
【点睛】在解答观点态度题时，要注意把握住能够表示作者好恶的形容词及副词，通过相关词汇及短语，了解作者观点态度。比如本篇第三题，问到对于“低头族”的看法，文章是通过一系列的单词和短语来表达作者的态度的，比如“damage your neck”，“damage your social skills”，“damage your eyesight”等表示负面后果的一些短语，所以能够很容易地判断作者的对于“低头族”是不支持的。故选C项。
C
Every summer, my family and I visit our relatives in India and whenever we travel, my parents always remind me to drink only bottled or boiled water. On one of my trips to India, I saw children drinking water from the roadside. I was troubled to learn that millions of people, most of them children in developing countries, die each year because of water related diseases.
Living in the US, I am lucky to be able to turn on the tap and get potable water(饮用水), while one sixth of the world's population lacks access to clean water. This year, I entered the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge. In late June, I learned that I was selected as one of the top 10 national finalists of this famous middle school science competition. Over the summer, I worked with Dr. Jim Jonza, my Scientist mentor(导师) from 3M, and developed a system that uses solar energy to purify water. My invention is green and cost effective, and I am looking forward to implementing this in places that are affected(影响) by harmful water pollution.
In October, my family and I flew to 3M Headquarters in St Paul, Minnesota, where the final event was to be held. For the last challenge, each of us had to present the invention we had been working on over the summer. The first place winner would win $25,000, a trip to Costa Rica, and the title of America’s Top Young Scientist. At the awards ceremony, all of us waited anxiously until one of the judges, Danny Forester, started announcing “The winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge is.... ”You could hear a pin(大头针) drop as he opened the paper with the winner’ s name, “Deepika Kurup!”
As America’s Top Young Scientist, I was given an opportunity to show my invention on national television and deliver several presentations. One of the most important things I have learned is that communication and teamwork are key to success.
8. Why does the author mention her visits to India?
A. To express her great love for India
B. To show the problem of unclean water.
C. To explain the importance of relatives
D. To compare eastern and western cultures
9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “implementing” in Paragraph 2?
A. Researching B. Changing C. Finishing D. Using
10. How did the audience react as Forester opened the paper with the winner’s name?
A. They appeared calm B. They let out shouts of joy
C. They sat quiet D. They dropped pins to the author
11. How is the text mainly organized?
A. In order of time B. In order of complexity(复杂性)
C. In order of place D. In order of importance
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过一次去印度的经历，发现人们缺乏清洁水，就此得到启发回国后与Jim Jonza博士合作，开发了一个利用太阳能的净水系统。并在去年10月，和家人飞往3M位于明尼苏达州圣保罗的总部，用自己的发明赢得了第一名以及美国顶尖青年科学家的称号。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句I was troubled to learn that millions of people, most of them children in developing countries, die each year because of water related diseases.（我获悉，每年有数百万人死于与水有关的疾病，其中大多数是发展中国家的儿童。）可知，作者提到自己去印度的经历是为了说明人们缺乏清洁水的问题。故选B。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据My invention is green and cost effective可知，作者认为自己的发明是环保和成本低的，所以作者应该是盼着他的发明应用，implementing是“应用”的意思。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据You could hear a pin(大头针) drop as he opened the paper with the winner’s name可知，Forester宣布获奖时，所有观众都屏住呼吸，你甚至可以听到大头针落地的声音。故观众都是非常安静地坐着，故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据 On one of my trips to India,This year, In late June,Over the summer,In October,可知，作者主要按时间顺序回顾了自己在发现教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中夺冠的经历。故选A。
D
Twenty-five years ago, most young Britons wanted a career in law, to be a doctor, or, if they were creative enough, to take up singing. But today, things stand differently.
According to a survey by Tesco Mobile, a UK company, the “dream job” of young people aged between 16 and 25 in the UK is a video blogger (写博客的人), or “vlogger (视频博主)”．The survey, carried out among 1,002 people, found that as many as 40 percent of them put vloggers as their number one choice on a list of ideal careers.
This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media.They have made it so much easier to reach the audience of the world, without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.
In the past, the biggest stars were trained by the Hollywood studios; now, anyone with a computer camera can become a star. Vloggers are the big stars of today because they are normal people interacting (交流) with their fans about everyday life.
However, what people see is only the bright side of being a vlogger and they fail to notice the fact that only those who are successful earn fame (名声) and fortune. For every success there are hundreds of others who never get off the starting line. There are the dreams that come true and the dreams that remain dreams forever.
Although being vloggers is popular, some young people choose to follow careers that don’t necessarily earn them fame, but allow them to make good use of the Internet to share their hobbies.Young Israeli David Leshaw, for example, runs a business called the Finishers Club.It’s an online platform for runners to keep a record of their races.His job allows him to express his enthusiasm, and is always a learning experience.And that’s enough for him．
12. Why do more and more young Britons choose to be vloggers?
A. Vloggers can earn little fame and money on the Internet.
B. There is too much competition in the traditional show business.
C. The Internet makes it convenient to become vloggers.
D. Anyone with a computer will surely become a star.
13. What can we infer from the fifth paragraph?
A. Only a few vloggers can be successful. B. A vlogger can not earn fame or fortune.
C. Being a vlogger is not a good career. D. Dreams will come true one day.
14. What do some young people like David do on the Internet?
A. Learn from others. B. Become an online hit.
C. Hold running races. D. Mix jobs with hobbies.
15. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Most young Britons choose to be vloggers as their jobs.
B. The Internet is influencing young Britons’ career choice.
C. The Internet is taking the place of traditional studios.
D. Young Britons can not find jobs without the Internet.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文属于说明文，主要介绍了互联网正影响着英国年轻人现在的职业选择。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media. They have made it so much easier to reach audience of the world，without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.(这种变化无疑是互联网和社交媒体的结果。他们让接触世界观众变得更加容易，而不必以传统的方式进入演艺圈)”可知，互联网使进入演艺界更方便。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“For every success there are hundreds of others who never get off the starting line. There are the dreams that come true and the dreams that remain dreams forever.(每一次成功，都有成百上千的其他人从未离开过起跑线。有些梦想实现了，有些梦想永远都是梦想)”可知，一个成功的博主之外还有数以百计的博主的事业毫无起色。故可推知只有极少数的视频博主可以成功。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Young Israeli David Leshaw, for example, runs a business called the Finishers Club. It’s an online platform for runners to keep a record of their races. His job allows him to express his enthusiasm, and is always a learning experience．(例如，以色列年轻人David Leshaw经营着一家名为Finishers Club的公司。这是一个为跑步者记录比赛记录的在线平台。他的工作让他能够表达自己的热情，而且一直是一种学习体验)”可知，像David这样的年轻人通过网络把工作和业余爱好结合在一起。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第二段最后一句“The survey, carried out among 1,002 people, found that as many as 40 percent of them put vloggers as their number one choice on a list of ideal careers．(这项针对1002人的调查发现，多达40%的人将视频博客作为理想职业的首选)”和第三段“This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media. (这种变化无疑是互联网和社交媒体的结果)”可知，文章主要介绍了互联网正在影响着英国的年轻人的职业选择。故选B项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2．5分，满分12．5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Food safety is a problem in all places around the world and people in different areas of the world prepare foods in different ways. The WHO released five simple rules for preparing food in a safe way. ___16___
Key 1: Keep clean.
The first key tells about the importance of washing. People should wash their hands often—before touching food, while they are preparing food, and any time after they go to the toilet. People should wash all surfaces and equipment used for preparing food. ___17___
Key 2：___18___
People should separate raw or uncooked foods from foods that are already cooked and foods that will not be cooked. People should store raw meat, chicken, and fish in containers, or in separate areas. Raw foods should not touch prepared foods.
Key 3：Cook completely.
People should cook eggs and meat, like birds, seafood, and animals, especially carefully. These foods may carry more microorganisms than other foods. Food like soup must be boiled for at least a minute to make it be cooked completely. It is also important that people reheat cooked food completely.
Key 4：Keep food at safe temperatures.
When people are finished with eating, they should keep the left food in a refrigerator below 5℃ and shouldn’t store it for too long. At room temperature, about 20℃, the amount of microorganisms can increase very quickly. ___19___ They cannot grow as quickly in a very hot or very cold environment.
Key 5：Use safe water and raw materials.
___20___ Damaged or old food may develop harmful chemicals as it gets older.
A. Separate raw and cooked foods.
B. Eat cooked food immediately while it is still hot.
C. They call these rules the “Five Keys to Safer Food”.
D. People should use safe water and choose fresh foods.
E. Keeping everything clean helps people to avoid microorganisms.
F. People should also protect cooking areas and food from insects and animals.
G. But temperatures above 60℃ or below 5℃ control the growth of microorganisms.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍世界卫生组织发布的安全制备食品的五条简单规则。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The WHO released five simple rules for preparing food in a safe way. (世界卫生组织发布了安全制备食品的五条简单规则。)”可知，这里提到了安全制备食品的五条简单规则。选项C“他们将这些规则称为“食品安全的五大关键”。”和上文意思一致。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Keep clean. (保持干净。)”可知，这一段要求要保持干净。选项E“保持一切清洁有助于人们避开微生物。”和上文意思一致。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据下文“People should separate raw, or uncooked foods from foods that are already cooked and foods that will not be cooked. People should store raw meat, chicken, and fish in containers, or in separate areas. Raw foods should not touch prepared foods.( 人们应该将生的或未煮熟的食物与已经煮熟的食物和不会煮熟的食物分开。人们应该将生肉、鸡肉和鱼储存在容器中，或者单独存放。生的食物不应接触已准备好的食物。)”可知，这一段讲的是要把生的食物和熟的食物分开放置。选项A“把生的食物和熟的食物分开。”和下文意思一致。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“At room temperature, about 20℃, the amount of microorganisms can increase very quickly. (在大约20℃的室温下，微生物的数量会迅速增加。)”可知，此处讲的是微生物的生存环境。选项G“但60℃以上或5℃以下的温度控制着微生物的生长。”和上文意思一致。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Use safe water and raw materials. (使用安全的水和原材料。)”可知，这一段是要求人们使用安全的水和原材料。选项D“人们应该使用安全的水并选择新鲜的食物。”和上文意思一致。故选D。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, a well-known speaker was invited to give a lecture to an audience of 200. He started his lecture by ____21____ a $20 bill. He looked around the room, and asked, “Who would like this $20 bill ? ” ____22____ started going up. He said, “I am going to ____23____ this $20 bill to one of you, but first, let me do this.” He crumpled up (揉皱) the 20-dollar bill. He then asked, “Who ____24____ wants it?” Still the hands were up in the air.
“Well”, he ____25____,“What if I do this ?” And he dropped it on the ____26____ and started to step on it with his shoes. He picked it up. Now it was crumpled and ____27____.
“Now, who wants it?” Still the hands went into the air.
“My friends, we have all learned a very ____28____ lesson. No matter what I did to the ____29____, you still want it because it doesn’t decrease in ____30____. It is still worth $20, with which we can ____31____ what we need.”
Many times in our lives, we are ____32____ and trampled (踩踏) underfoot by the decisions we____33____ and the circumstances (境遇)that come our way. We feel as though we were ____34____. But no matter what has happened or what may happen to us, you will never ____35____ your value.
21. A. keeping up B. picking up C. holding up D. bringing up
22. A. Chats B. Voices C. Talks D. Hands
23. A. pass B. show C. give D. lend
24. A. ever B. still C. also D. even
25. A. replied B. waited C. begged D. whispered
26. A. desk B. floor C. shelf D. dustbin
27. A. usable B. small C. old D. dirty
28. A. valuable B. amazing C. rare D. meaningless
29. A. book B. paper C. money D. card
30. A. shape B. size C. quality D. value
31. A. get B. buy C. gain D. accept
32. A. warned B. pushed C. reminded D. dropped
33. A. make B. receive C. face D. prefer
34. A. helpless B. useless C. worthless D. hopeless
35. A. lose B. take C. miss D. win
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过讲述一位演讲者向听众展示一张支票，尽管这张支票被弄得又皱又脏，人们还是要它，因为它还是有它自身的价值。进而联系到人生的真谛：人生的价值体现在人本身的内在价值。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他拿着一张20美元的钞票开始了他的演讲。A. keeping up保持； B. picking up捡起；C. holding up举起； D. bringing up抚养。根据后文“ Still the hands were up in the air. ”可知，此处指发言者手里拿着20美元的钞票。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：开始有人举手。A. Chats聊天；B. Voices声音；C. Talks谈话；D. Hands手。根据前文“He looked around the room, and asked, “Who would like this $20 bill ? ”可知，发言者提出一个问题，所以此处指有人举手回答问题。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说:“我会把这20美元给你们中的一个人，但首先，让我这么做。” A. pass通过；B. show展示；C. give给；D .lend借出。根据前文“Who would like this $20 bill ? ”可知，因为问谁要这20美元，所以此处指把这20美元给听众中的一个人。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后他问道:“还有人想要它吗?”A. ever曾经；B. still依然；C. also也；D. even甚至。根据前文“He crumpled up (揉皱) the 20-dollar bill.”可知，因为演讲者把20美元揉皱了，所以此处他问，谁依然想要这20美元。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“那么，”他回答说，“如果我这样做呢?”A. replied回答；B. waited等待；C. begged乞求；D. whispered低语。根据前文“He then asked, “Who 4 wants it?” 可知，此处是发言者对自己问题的回答。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把它扔到地上，开始用鞋子踩它。A. desk桌子；B. floor地面；C. shelf架子；D. dustbin垃圾桶。根据后文“and started to step on it with his shoes.”可知，此处指把钱扔到地上，开始用鞋子踩它。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在它又皱又脏。A. usable可使用的；B. small小的；C. old旧的；D. dirty脏的。根据前文“ And he dropped it on the 6 and started to step on it with his shoes.”可知，因为提到在地上用脚踩，可知这张钱一定是脏了。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：朋友们，我们都学到了非常宝贵的一课。A. valuable珍贵的；B. amazing令人吃惊的；C. rare罕见的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据后文“Many times in our lives, we are … and trampled(踩踏) underfoot …”和“But no matter what has happened or what may happen to us…”可知，这是一堂有价值有意义的课程。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管我对钱做了什么，你还是想要它，因为它不会贬值。A. book书；B. paper纸；C. money金钱；D. card卡片。根据前文提到的20美元，可知这是钱。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. shape形状；B. size尺寸；C. quality质量；D. value价值。根据后文“It is still worth $20”可知，20美元依然价值是20美元，并没有贬值。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它仍然值20美元，我们可以用它买我们需要的东西。A. get得到；B. buy买；C. gain获得；D. accept接受。根据前文“It is still worth $20”可知，因为钱的价值没变，所以依然可以用它买我们需要的东西。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的生活中，很多时候，我们被自己的决定和周围的环境所抛弃和践踏。A. warned警告；B. pushed推；C. reminded提醒；D. dropped丢弃。根据前文中“他把丢在地上，并踩它”暗示在生活中我们就是那张被丢在地上的钱，会被践踏。故选D。
33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. make做；B. receive收；C. face面对；D. prefer偏爱。由前文“the decisions”可知，此处指做出的决定。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们觉得自己一文不值。A. helpless无助的；B. useless无用的；C. worthless没有价值的；D. hopeless没有希望的。根据前一句描述可知，因为我们被自己的决定和周围的环境所抛弃和践踏，所以我们觉得自己一文不值。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但无论发生了什么，或无论我们会发生什么，你们永远不会失去你们的价值。A. lose失去；B. take带走；C. miss思念，错过；D. win赢得。前文提到20面值的美元，无论如何改变它的形式，它的价值都没有变；由此可知，此处表示不管发生什么事情，我们每个人的价值都不会丢失。故选A。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1．5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever wondered___36___children always seem to have bags of energy and never run out of steam? Researchers have discovered that children have the levels of recovery of endurance athletes. In fact, scientists say children's muscles recover from "high-intensity exercise" a lot___37___(quick) than athletes. A study looked at the performance levels of children when they were cycling, and compared their fitness to ___38___of athletes. Researcher Dr Sebastien Ratel suggested they ___39___ (find) the children used more of their aerobic metabolism and were therefore less tired during the high-intensity physical activities. The children also recovered very quickly-even faster than the well-trained adult endurance athletes.
The researchers hope that___40___(they) findings will help scientists have a better___41___(understand) how the human body changes with age. It could lead to advances in the fight ___42___ diabetes and other diseases. Dr Ratel said the research was___43___(particular) important as more children were become less active. He warned: "With the diseases related to physical inactivity___44___(rise), know the changes with growth that might contribute to the risk of disease. "___45___is helpful for children to maintain their fitness as they grow up and play as much as they could so they remain healthy as adults.
【答案】36. why
37. quicker/more quickly
38. that 39. found
40. their 41. understanding
42. against/with
43. particularly
44. rising 45. It
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，儿童具有耐力运动员的恢复水平。孩子们消耗了更多的有氧代谢，因此在高强度的体育活动中不那么累。孩子们也恢复得很快——甚至比训练有素的成人耐力运动员还要快。研究人员希望这项发现会有助于科学家更好地了解人体是如何随着年龄的变化的。
【36题详解】
考查连接词。句意：你有没有想过为什么孩子们总是精力充沛，永远不会失去动力?本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，故填why。
【37题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：事实上，科学家说儿童的肌肉从“高强度运动”中恢复比运动员快得多。根据下文than可知应用形容词比较级，故填quicker。或修饰动词recover，填副词比较级more quickly。
【38题详解】
考查指示代词。句意：一项研究观察了儿童在骑车时的表现水平，并将他们的健康状况与运动员进行了比较。指代上文fitness，用指示代词that。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。根据上文suggested可知应用一般过去时，故填found。
【40题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。根据下文名词findings可知本空应填形容词性物主代词，表示“他们的发现”，故填their。
【41题详解】
考查名词。短语have a better understanding“更好的理解”，故填understanding。
【42题详解】
考查介词。短语fight against/with“对抗；为……而战斗”，故填against/with。
【43题详解】
考查副词。important为形容词，需要副词修饰，故填particularly。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着与缺乏运动有关的疾病的增加，要知道随着生长而发生的变化可能会增加患病的风险。本句为with的复合结构，后跟现在分词作状语，故填rising。
【45题详解】
考查固定用法。句型it is helpful for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是有帮助的”，故填It。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你校为来自英国的交流生举办了一场介绍中国传统节日的欢迎宴会，请你代表学校向他们介绍一个你认为最重要的中国传统节日。内容包括：
1. 节日庆祝时间；
2. 节日庆祝方式及活动；
3. 节日象征意义。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头结尾已给出。
Good morning, my dear friends. I’m LiHua.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for your listening.
【答案】
Good morning my dear friends. I’m Li Hua.
Knowing you’re keen on traditional Chinese culture, I'd like to introduce a traditional Chinese festival- -the Dragon Boat Festival to you.
The Dragon Boat Festival, also called the Double Fifth Festival, falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. On that day, we usually eat zongzi —sticky rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves. As the festival name shows, people hold dragon boat races to celebrate it, especially in the southern places in memory of Qu Yuan, a great poet of ancient China. Therefore, it’s regarded as a day of mourning and cherishing the memory.
Thanks for your listening.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表学校向来自英国的交流生们介绍一个最重要的中国传统节日，包括这个节日的庆祝时间、庆祝方式、活动，及其象征意义。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……有兴趣：be keen on→have interest in
庆祝：celebrate →observe
纪念……：in memory of→in honour of
被认为是：be regarded as→be considered as
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On that day, we usually eat zongzi — sticky rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves.
拓展句：On that day, we usually eat zongzi — sticky rice dumplings which are wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As the festival name shows , people hold dragon boat races to celebrate it, especially in the southern places in memory of Qu Yuan, a great poetof ancient China. （运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句，动词不定式作目的状语）
【高分句型2】Therefore, it’s regarded as a day of mourning and cherishing the memory.（运用了动名词作宾语）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
I went up to the roof for a break after studying for an hour and watched the 50 or so people swimming in the natural rock pool below our house. It was a sunny day--a blue, cloudless sky over a calm sea. But then, as I looked in the distance, I discovered three or four big waves heading towards the shore. I'd seen these mini-tsunamis(海啸) many times before. They were heading at speed in the direction of the pool. Most people knew how to look out for them, but from the screams that started coming from the beach, I could tell someone was in trouble.
Without thinking, I ran down into the street, holding my body board(俯伏冲浪板) on the way and shouted at a stranger to go inside my house and call the coastguard. My neighbor Moises had heard the screaming as well and was also outside with his body board, so together we rushed to the steps that led down to the sea.
Once we got closer, we discovered the waves had pulled a boy and a girl from the pool and into the open sea. I knew that the nearest boat would take at least 30 minutes to reach us. Waiting for help wasn't a choice. I wasn't used to this sort of emergency--I’d never been trained as a lifeguard-but I didn't think twice about trying to save them. I supposed in a way I wanted to impress everyone: at 19, a deal like that can seem like a good opportunity to show off.
Moises and I dived into the water and it took us 10 minutes to get to them. When we finally reached them, they were almost lifeless with only their heads coming in and out of the water. We could tell they were still alive from their small breaths but it was clear they wouldn't have been able to stay there much longer. I held the boy and pulled him over my board. Moises moved the girl onto his board. We discussed pushing them back to the shore, but we were too far out.
注意：
1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
We had to wait
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
We had to wait. We eagerly hoping for the arrival of the saving boat. The wild wind blew and the freezing sea water clapped our bodies continuously. 30 minutes seemed much longer as we just helplessly floated on the boundless sea. After a long time, a light spot appeared in the distance! We waved our hands and yelled out for help. The boat finally reached us and took all of us back to the shore. The two children were immediately sent to the nearest hospital.
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition. Picturing what the merry scene would be, relief lay in my heart and happiness etched on my face. The next morning, all the people I met smiled to me and could not stop praising me. It seemed like a good opportunity to show myself off, but I didn’t mean to. In fact, I was ashamed I had thought about it. It occurred to me that helping others was priceless and everyone should be a lifeguard.
【解析】
【分析】本文以事件发展为线索展开。作者在一次海啸中，意外发现了有人遇到危险，于是和邻居一起前往救助。作者当时在某种程度上，是想给每个人留下深刻印象：19岁时，这似乎是一个很好的炫耀机会。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段内容“我们必须等……”可知应该写等待的过程，要详细地描述作者他们等待的心情和当时海面的变化，以及最终获救……
②由第二段内容“那天晚上，医院传来消息说，这两个人的身体状况良好。”可知本段应该描写我对这次营救别人的心理变化和感悟。文章最后提到帮助别人是无价的，每个人都应该成为一名救生员。
2.续写线索：救援遇险——等待援助——获得援助——事后感悟。
3.词汇激活
行为类
①来到：arrival /reach
②帮助：help/yelled out for help
情绪类
①绝望：eagerly hope /helplessly
②积极：merry /praise
③内心活动：relief/show off/ashamed
【点睛】[高分句型1]. 30 minutes seemed much longer as we just helplessly floated on the boundless sea. (由as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]. That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition. (由that引导同位语从句)
高一下期英语月考试题 2023.5
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2．5分，满分37．5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
It was in the Victorian Era(维多利亚时期)that the novel became the leading form of literature in English. Most writers were more concerned to meet the tastes of the middle class. The best known works of the period included the works of Charles Dickens and the Bronte sisters and others.
Charles Dickens came on the literary scene in the 1830s. Dickens wrote vividly about London life and the struggles of the poor. Most of his works were written in a very humorous style, which was popular with readers of all classes.
The Bronte sisters were English writers of the 1840s and 1850s. They began to write from early childhood. In 1846 they published the first book at their own expense as poets; however, their book attracted little attention, selling only two copies. Then the sisters turned to writing novels, each producing a novel in the following year.
An interest in rural(田园的)matters and the changing social and economic situation of the countryside may be seen in the novels of Thomas Hardy and a number of others.
Literature for children developed as a single style. Some works became well-known, such as those of Lewis Carroll and Edward Lear. Adventure novels were written for adults but are now generally grouped in the list for children. Helen Beatrix Potter was an English author at the end of the Victorian Era, best known for her children's books, which featured(以……为特色)animal characters. In her thirties, Potter published the highly successful children's book The Tale of Peter Rabbit in 1902.
1. The author states in the last paragraph that______________.
A. Edward Lear was famous for writing about animals
B. adventure novels were not written for children at first
C. Thomas Hardy was not as famous as Lewis Carroll
D. society changed rapidly in the Victorian Era
2. Who wrote the famous children's book The Tale of Peter Rabbit according to the text?
A. Lewis Carroll. B. The Bronte sisters.
C. Thomas Hardy. D. Helen Beatrix Potter.
3. This text is mainly about______________.
A. literature in the Victorian Era
B. writing styles in the Victorian Era
C. famous works in the Victorian Era
D. the importance of literature in the Victorian Era
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了维多利亚时期出现的英国作家。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的信息Adventure novels were written for adults but are now generally grouped in the list for children. (那时候的冒险小说是写给成人的，但是现在冒险故事通常是孩子喜欢的书)可知那个时期冒险小说是为成年人而写的，因此不是为孩子写的。B. adventure novels were not written for children at first (最开始，冒险故事不是给孩子写的)符合以上说法，故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的信息Helen Beatrix Potter was an English author at the end of the Victorian Era, best known for her children's books which featured animal characters. In her thirties, Potter published the highly successful children's book The Tale of Peter Rabbit in 1902. (Helen Beatrix Potter是维多利亚末期的一个作者，因为孩子的书而出名，她的书以动物为特色。1902年，在她30多岁时出版了她最成功的儿童书The Tale of Peter Rabbit)可知该书为Helen. Beatrix Potter所写。故选D项。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据本文的主要内容，尤其是第一段的It was in the Victorian Era（维多利亚时期）that the novel became the leading form of literature in English. (正是在维多利亚时期小说成为了英国的主导文学形式)可知本篇主要谈的是维多利亚时期的文学。A. literature in the Victorian Era(维多利亚时期的文学)符合以上说法，故选A项。
B
With the development of our society, cellphones have become a common part in our lives. Have you ever run into a careless cellphone user in the street? Maybe they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new "species" of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name—phubbers (低头族).
Recently a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his cellphone while letting his patient die. A pretty woman takes a selfie (自拍) in front of a car accident site. And a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events will finally lead to the destruction(毁灭) of the world.
Although the ending of the film sounds unrealistic, the damage phubbing can bring is real. Your health is the first to bear the effect and the result of it. "Always bending your head to check your cellphone could damage your neck," Guangming Daily quoted doctors' words. "The neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching." Also, staring at cellphones for a long time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.
But that's not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. When getting together with family or friends, many people prefer to play their cellphones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.
It can also cost your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cellphones in broad daylight.
4. Why does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragraph 2?
A. To suggest phubbers will destroy the world.
B. To call for people to go walking without phones.
C. To tell people the bad effects of phubbing.
D. To advise students to create more cartoons like this.
5. According to the passage, what risks may a phubber have?
① Destructing the world.
② Affecting his social skills.
③ Damaging his neck and eyesight.
④ Getting separated from his friends and family.
A. ①②④ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②③④
6. What's the author's attitude towards phubbing?
A. Supportive. B. Confident. C. Disapproving. D. Unconcerned.
7. What will be talked about in the following paragraph?
A. Ways to avoid the risks of phubbing. B. Bad effects of phubbing.
C. Daily life of phubbers. D. Behaviours of phubbers.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要以当今社会盛行“低头族”现象为切入点，说明过度使用手机带来的不良后果和危害。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。文章第二段通过一部卡通片展示了人们因看手机而造成的悲剧,目的是告诉人们低头玩手机造成的不良影响；同时本段最后一句“A chain of similar events will finally lead to the destruction(毁灭) of the world.”（一连串类似的事件最终将导致破坏(毁灭)。），也能说明作者以此举例的目的是为了说明“低头族”的危害。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中"Always bending your head to check your cellphone could damage your neck"（总是低头看手机会伤到脖子）和"Also, staring at cellphones for a long time will damage your eyesight gradually"（此外，长时间盯着手机会逐渐损害你的视力）以及第四段第二句"Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family."（低头族还会损害你的社交技能，让你远离朋友和家人），可知低头族可能有的风险有：损害脖子和视力; 影响社交技能; 与家人、朋友分离。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文,再根据最后一段第一句“It can also cost your life.”（它也会让你付出生命的代价。）可推断,作者对低头玩手机这一行为的态度是反对的。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。本文属于社会热点类的议论文，论述“低头族”的危害后，还要针对这一现象提出解决应对的办法。文章讲述了低头族带来的一些坏影响, 所以接下来应该讲“如何避免低头玩手机的危险”。故选A项。
【点睛】在解答观点态度题时，要注意把握住能够表示作者好恶的形容词及副词，通过相关词汇及短语，了解作者观点态度。比如本篇第三题，问到对于“低头族”的看法，文章是通过一系列的单词和短语来表达作者的态度的，比如“damage your neck”，“damage your social skills”，“damage your eyesight”等表示负面后果的一些短语，所以能够很容易地判断作者的对于“低头族”是不支持的。故选C项。
C
Every summer, my family and I visit our relatives in India and whenever we travel, my parents always remind me to drink only bottled or boiled water. On one of my trips to India, I saw children drinking water from the roadside. I was troubled to learn that millions of people, most of them children in developing countries, die each year because of water related diseases.
Living in the US, I am lucky to be able to turn on the tap and get potable water(饮用水), while one sixth of the world's population lacks access to clean water. This year, I entered the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge. In late June, I learned that I was selected as one of the top 10 national finalists of this famous middle school science competition. Over the summer, I worked with Dr. Jim Jonza, my Scientist mentor(导师) from 3M, and developed a system that uses solar energy to purify water. My invention is green and cost effective, and I am looking forward to implementing this in places that are affected(影响) by harmful water pollution.
In October, my family and I flew to 3M Headquarters in St Paul, Minnesota, where the final event was to be held. For the last challenge, each of us had to present the invention we had been working on over the summer. The first place winner would win $25,000, a trip to Costa Rica, and the title of America’s Top Young Scientist. At the awards ceremony, all of us waited anxiously until one of the judges, Danny Forester, started announcing “The winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge is.... ”You could hear a pin(大头针) drop as he opened the paper with the winner’ s name, “Deepika Kurup!”
As America’s Top Young Scientist, I was given an opportunity to show my invention on national television and deliver several presentations. One of the most important things I have learned is that communication and teamwork are key to success.
8. Why does the author mention her visits to India?
A. To express her great love for India
B. To show the problem of unclean water.
C. To explain the importance of relatives
D. To compare eastern and western cultures
9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “implementing” in Paragraph 2?
A. Researching B. Changing C. Finishing D. Using
10. How did the audience react as Forester opened the paper with the winner’s name?
A. They appeared calm B. They let out shouts of joy
C. They sat quiet D. They dropped pins to the author
11. How is the text mainly organized?
A. In order of time B. In order of complexity(复杂性)
C. In order of place D. In order of importance
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过一次去印度的经历，发现人们缺乏清洁水，就此得到启发回国后与Jim Jonza博士合作，开发了一个利用太阳能的净水系统。并在去年10月，和家人飞往3M位于明尼苏达州圣保罗的总部，用自己的发明赢得了第一名以及美国顶尖青年科学家的称号。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句I was troubled to learn that millions of people, most of them children in developing countries, die each year because of water related diseases.（我获悉，每年有数百万人死于与水有关的疾病，其中大多数是发展中国家的儿童。）可知，作者提到自己去印度的经历是为了说明人们缺乏清洁水的问题。故选B。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据My invention is green and cost effective可知，作者认为自己的发明是环保和成本低的，所以作者应该是盼着他的发明应用，implementing是“应用”的意思。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据You could hear a pin(大头针) drop as he opened the paper with the winner’s name可知，Forester宣布获奖时，所有观众都屏住呼吸，你甚至可以听到大头针落地的声音。故观众都是非常安静地坐着，故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据 On one of my trips to India,This year, In late June,Over the summer,In October,可知，作者主要按时间顺序回顾了自己在发现教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中夺冠的经历。故选A。
D
Twenty-five years ago, most young Britons wanted a career in law, to be a doctor, or, if they were creative enough, to take up singing. But today, things stand differently.
According to a survey by Tesco Mobile, a UK company, the “dream job” of young people aged between 16 and 25 in the UK is a video blogger (写博客的人), or “vlogger (视频博主)”．The survey, carried out among 1,002 people, found that as many as 40 percent of them put vloggers as their number one choice on a list of ideal careers.
This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media.They have made it so much easier to reach the audience of the world, without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.
In the past, the biggest stars were trained by the Hollywood studios; now, anyone with a computer camera can become a star. Vloggers are the big stars of today because they are normal people interacting (交流) with their fans about everyday life.
However, what people see is only the bright side of being a vlogger and they fail to notice the fact that only those who are successful earn fame (名声) and fortune. For every success there are hundreds of others who never get off the starting line. There are the dreams that come true and the dreams that remain dreams forever.
Although being vloggers is popular, some young people choose to follow careers that don’t necessarily earn them fame, but allow them to make good use of the Internet to share their hobbies.Young Israeli David Leshaw, for example, runs a business called the Finishers Club.It’s an online platform for runners to keep a record of their races.His job allows him to express his enthusiasm, and is always a learning experience.And that’s enough for him．
12. Why do more and more young Britons choose to be vloggers?
A. Vloggers can earn little fame and money on the Internet.
B. There is too much competition in the traditional show business.
C. The Internet makes it convenient to become vloggers.
D. Anyone with a computer will surely become a star.
13. What can we infer from the fifth paragraph?
A. Only a few vloggers can be successful. B. A vlogger can not earn fame or fortune.
C. Being a vlogger is not a good career. D. Dreams will come true one day.
14. What do some young people like David do on the Internet?
A. Learn from others. B. Become an online hit.
C. Hold running races. D. Mix jobs with hobbies.
15. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Most young Britons choose to be vloggers as their jobs.
B. The Internet is influencing young Britons’ career choice.
C. The Internet is taking the place of traditional studios.
D. Young Britons can not find jobs without the Internet.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文属于说明文，主要介绍了互联网正影响着英国年轻人现在的职业选择。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media. They have made it so much easier to reach audience of the world，without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.(这种变化无疑是互联网和社交媒体的结果。他们让接触世界观众变得更加容易，而不必以传统的方式进入演艺圈)”可知，互联网使进入演艺界更方便。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“For every success there are hundreds of others who never get off the starting line. There are the dreams that come true and the dreams that remain dreams forever.(每一次成功，都有成百上千的其他人从未离开过起跑线。有些梦想实现了，有些梦想永远都是梦想)”可知，一个成功的博主之外还有数以百计的博主的事业毫无起色。故可推知只有极少数的视频博主可以成功。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Young Israeli David Leshaw, for example, runs a business called the Finishers Club. It’s an online platform for runners to keep a record of their races. His job allows him to express his enthusiasm, and is always a learning experience．(例如，以色列年轻人David Leshaw经营着一家名为Finishers Club的公司。这是一个为跑步者记录比赛记录的在线平台。他的工作让他能够表达自己的热情，而且一直是一种学习体验)”可知，像David这样的年轻人通过网络把工作和业余爱好结合在一起。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第二段最后一句“The survey, carried out among 1,002 people, found that as many as 40 percent of them put vloggers as their number one choice on a list of ideal careers．(这项针对1002人的调查发现，多达40%的人将视频博客作为理想职业的首选)”和第三段“This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media. (这种变化无疑是互联网和社交媒体的结果)”可知，文章主要介绍了互联网正在影响着英国的年轻人的职业选择。故选B项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2．5分，满分12．5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Food safety is a problem in all places around the world and people in different areas of the world prepare foods in different ways. The WHO released five simple rules for preparing food in a safe way. ___16___
Key 1: Keep clean.
The first key tells about the importance of washing. People should wash their hands often—before touching food, while they are preparing food, and any time after they go to the toilet. People should wash all surfaces and equipment used for preparing food. ___17___
Key 2：___18___
People should separate raw or uncooked foods from foods that are already cooked and foods that will not be cooked. People should store raw meat, chicken, and fish in containers, or in separate areas. Raw foods should not touch prepared foods.
Key 3：Cook completely.
People should cook eggs and meat, like birds, seafood, and animals, especially carefully. These foods may carry more microorganisms than other foods. Food like soup must be boiled for at least a minute to make it be cooked completely. It is also important that people reheat cooked food completely.
Key 4：Keep food at safe temperatures.
When people are finished with eating, they should keep the left food in a refrigerator below 5℃ and shouldn’t store it for too long. At room temperature, about 20℃, the amount of microorganisms can increase very quickly. ___19___ They cannot grow as quickly in a very hot or very cold environment.
Key 5：Use safe water and raw materials.
___20___ Damaged or old food may develop harmful chemicals as it gets older.
A. Separate raw and cooked foods.
B. Eat cooked food immediately while it is still hot.
C. They call these rules the “Five Keys to Safer Food”.
D. People should use safe water and choose fresh foods.
E. Keeping everything clean helps people to avoid microorganisms.
F. People should also protect cooking areas and food from insects and animals.
G. But temperatures above 60℃ or below 5℃ control the growth of microorganisms.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍世界卫生组织发布的安全制备食品的五条简单规则。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The WHO released five simple rules for preparing food in a safe way. (世界卫生组织发布了安全制备食品的五条简单规则。)”可知，这里提到了安全制备食品的五条简单规则。选项C“他们将这些规则称为“食品安全的五大关键”。”和上文意思一致。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Keep clean. (保持干净。)”可知，这一段要求要保持干净。选项E“保持一切清洁有助于人们避开微生物。”和上文意思一致。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据下文“People should separate raw, or uncooked foods from foods that are already cooked and foods that will not be cooked. People should store raw meat, chicken, and fish in containers, or in separate areas. Raw foods should not touch prepared foods.( 人们应该将生的或未煮熟的食物与已经煮熟的食物和不会煮熟的食物分开。人们应该将生肉、鸡肉和鱼储存在容器中，或者单独存放。生的食物不应接触已准备好的食物。)”可知，这一段讲的是要把生的食物和熟的食物分开放置。选项A“把生的食物和熟的食物分开。”和下文意思一致。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“At room temperature, about 20℃, the amount of microorganisms can increase very quickly. (在大约20℃的室温下，微生物的数量会迅速增加。)”可知，此处讲的是微生物的生存环境。选项G“但60℃以上或5℃以下的温度控制着微生物的生长。”和上文意思一致。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Use safe water and raw materials. (使用安全的水和原材料。)”可知，这一段是要求人们使用安全的水和原材料。选项D“人们应该使用安全的水并选择新鲜的食物。”和上文意思一致。故选D。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, a well-known speaker was invited to give a lecture to an audience of 200. He started his lecture by ____21____ a $20 bill. He looked around the room, and asked, “Who would like this $20 bill ? ” ____22____ started going up. He said, “I am going to ____23____ this $20 bill to one of you, but first, let me do this.” He crumpled up (揉皱) the 20-dollar bill. He then asked, “Who ____24____ wants it?” Still the hands were up in the air.
“Well”, he ____25____,“What if I do this ?” And he dropped it on the ____26____ and started to step on it with his shoes. He picked it up. Now it was crumpled and ____27____.
“Now, who wants it?” Still the hands went into the air.
“My friends, we have all learned a very ____28____ lesson. No matter what I did to the ____29____, you still want it because it doesn’t decrease in ____30____. It is still worth $20, with which we can ____31____ what we need.”
Many times in our lives, we are ____32____ and trampled (踩踏) underfoot by the decisions we____33____ and the circumstances (境遇)that come our way. We feel as though we were ____34____. But no matter what has happened or what may happen to us, you will never ____35____ your value.
21. A. keeping up B. picking up C. holding up D. bringing up
22. A. Chats B. Voices C. Talks D. Hands
23. A. pass B. show C. give D. lend
24. A. ever B. still C. also D. even
25. A. replied B. waited C. begged D. whispered
26. A. desk B. floor C. shelf D. dustbin
27. A. usable B. small C. old D. dirty
28. A. valuable B. amazing C. rare D. meaningless
29. A. book B. paper C. money D. card
30. A. shape B. size C. quality D. value
31. A. get B. buy C. gain D. accept
32. A. warned B. pushed C. reminded D. dropped
33. A. make B. receive C. face D. prefer
34. A. helpless B. useless C. worthless D. hopeless
35. A. lose B. take C. miss D. win
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过讲述一位演讲者向听众展示一张支票，尽管这张支票被弄得又皱又脏，人们还是要它，因为它还是有它自身的价值。进而联系到人生的真谛：人生的价值体现在人本身的内在价值。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他拿着一张20美元的钞票开始了他的演讲。A. keeping up保持； B. picking up捡起；C. holding up举起； D. bringing up抚养。根据后文“ Still the hands were up in the air. ”可知，此处指发言者手里拿着20美元的钞票。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：开始有人举手。A. Chats聊天；B. Voices声音；C. Talks谈话；D. Hands手。根据前文“He looked around the room, and asked, “Who would like this $20 bill ? ”可知，发言者提出一个问题，所以此处指有人举手回答问题。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说:“我会把这20美元给你们中的一个人，但首先，让我这么做。” A. pass通过；B. show展示；C. give给；D .lend借出。根据前文“Who would like this $20 bill ? ”可知，因为问谁要这20美元，所以此处指把这20美元给听众中的一个人。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后他问道:“还有人想要它吗?”A. ever曾经；B. still依然；C. also也；D. even甚至。根据前文“He crumpled up (揉皱) the 20-dollar bill.”可知，因为演讲者把20美元揉皱了，所以此处他问，谁依然想要这20美元。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“那么，”他回答说，“如果我这样做呢?”A. replied回答；B. waited等待；C. begged乞求；D. whispered低语。根据前文“He then asked, “Who 4 wants it?” 可知，此处是发言者对自己问题的回答。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把它扔到地上，开始用鞋子踩它。A. desk桌子；B. floor地面；C. shelf架子；D. dustbin垃圾桶。根据后文“and started to step on it with his shoes.”可知，此处指把钱扔到地上，开始用鞋子踩它。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在它又皱又脏。A. usable可使用的；B. small小的；C. old旧的；D. dirty脏的。根据前文“ And he dropped it on the 6 and started to step on it with his shoes.”可知，因为提到在地上用脚踩，可知这张钱一定是脏了。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：朋友们，我们都学到了非常宝贵的一课。A. valuable珍贵的；B. amazing令人吃惊的；C. rare罕见的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据后文“Many times in our lives, we are … and trampled(踩踏) underfoot …”和“But no matter what has happened or what may happen to us…”可知，这是一堂有价值有意义的课程。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管我对钱做了什么，你还是想要它，因为它不会贬值。A. book书；B. paper纸；C. money金钱；D. card卡片。根据前文提到的20美元，可知这是钱。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. shape形状；B. size尺寸；C. quality质量；D. value价值。根据后文“It is still worth $20”可知，20美元依然价值是20美元，并没有贬值。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它仍然值20美元，我们可以用它买我们需要的东西。A. get得到；B. buy买；C. gain获得；D. accept接受。根据前文“It is still worth $20”可知，因为钱的价值没变，所以依然可以用它买我们需要的东西。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的生活中，很多时候，我们被自己的决定和周围的环境所抛弃和践踏。A. warned警告；B. pushed推；C. reminded提醒；D. dropped丢弃。根据前文中“他把丢在地上，并踩它”暗示在生活中我们就是那张被丢在地上的钱，会被践踏。故选D。
33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. make做；B. receive收；C. face面对；D. prefer偏爱。由前文“the decisions”可知，此处指做出的决定。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们觉得自己一文不值。A. helpless无助的；B. useless无用的；C. worthless没有价值的；D. hopeless没有希望的。根据前一句描述可知，因为我们被自己的决定和周围的环境所抛弃和践踏，所以我们觉得自己一文不值。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但无论发生了什么，或无论我们会发生什么，你们永远不会失去你们的价值。A. lose失去；B. take带走；C. miss思念，错过；D. win赢得。前文提到20面值的美元，无论如何改变它的形式，它的价值都没有变；由此可知，此处表示不管发生什么事情，我们每个人的价值都不会丢失。故选A。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1．5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever wondered___36___children always seem to have bags of energy and never run out of steam? Researchers have discovered that children have the levels of recovery of endurance athletes. In fact, scientists say children's muscles recover from "high-intensity exercise" a lot___37___(quick) than athletes. A study looked at the performance levels of children when they were cycling, and compared their fitness to ___38___of athletes. Researcher Dr Sebastien Ratel suggested they ___39___ (find) the children used more of their aerobic metabolism and were therefore less tired during the high-intensity physical activities. The children also recovered very quickly-even faster than the well-trained adult endurance athletes.
The researchers hope that___40___(they) findings will help scientists have a better___41___(understand) how the human body changes with age. It could lead to advances in the fight ___42___ diabetes and other diseases. Dr Ratel said the research was___43___(particular) important as more children were become less active. He warned: "With the diseases related to physical inactivity___44___(rise), know the changes with growth that might contribute to the risk of disease. "___45___is helpful for children to maintain their fitness as they grow up and play as much as they could so they remain healthy as adults.
【答案】36. why
37. quicker/more quickly
38. that 39. found
40. their 41. understanding
42. against/with
43. particularly
44. rising 45. It
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，儿童具有耐力运动员的恢复水平。孩子们消耗了更多的有氧代谢，因此在高强度的体育活动中不那么累。孩子们也恢复得很快——甚至比训练有素的成人耐力运动员还要快。研究人员希望这项发现会有助于科学家更好地了解人体是如何随着年龄的变化的。
【36题详解】
考查连接词。句意：你有没有想过为什么孩子们总是精力充沛，永远不会失去动力?本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，故填why。
【37题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：事实上，科学家说儿童的肌肉从“高强度运动”中恢复比运动员快得多。根据下文than可知应用形容词比较级，故填quicker。或修饰动词recover，填副词比较级more quickly。
【38题详解】
考查指示代词。句意：一项研究观察了儿童在骑车时的表现水平，并将他们的健康状况与运动员进行了比较。指代上文fitness，用指示代词that。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。根据上文suggested可知应用一般过去时，故填found。
【40题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。根据下文名词findings可知本空应填形容词性物主代词，表示“他们的发现”，故填their。
【41题详解】
考查名词。短语have a better understanding“更好的理解”，故填understanding。
【42题详解】
考查介词。短语fight against/with“对抗；为……而战斗”，故填against/with。
【43题详解】
考查副词。important为形容词，需要副词修饰，故填particularly。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着与缺乏运动有关的疾病的增加，要知道随着生长而发生的变化可能会增加患病的风险。本句为with的复合结构，后跟现在分词作状语，故填rising。
【45题详解】
考查固定用法。句型it is helpful for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是有帮助的”，故填It。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你校为来自英国的交流生举办了一场介绍中国传统节日的欢迎宴会，请你代表学校向他们介绍一个你认为最重要的中国传统节日。内容包括：
1. 节日庆祝时间；
2. 节日庆祝方式及活动；
3. 节日象征意义。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头结尾已给出。
Good morning, my dear friends. I’m LiHua.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for your listening.
【答案】
Good morning my dear friends. I’m Li Hua.
Knowing you’re keen on traditional Chinese culture, I'd like to introduce a traditional Chinese festival- -the Dragon Boat Festival to you.
The Dragon Boat Festival, also called the Double Fifth Festival, falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. On that day, we usually eat zongzi —sticky rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves. As the festival name shows, people hold dragon boat races to celebrate it, especially in the southern places in memory of Qu Yuan, a great poet of ancient China. Therefore, it’s regarded as a day of mourning and cherishing the memory.
Thanks for your listening.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表学校向来自英国的交流生们介绍一个最重要的中国传统节日，包括这个节日的庆祝时间、庆祝方式、活动，及其象征意义。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……有兴趣：be keen on→have interest in
庆祝：celebrate →observe
纪念……：in memory of→in honour of
被认为是：be regarded as→be considered as
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On that day, we usually eat zongzi — sticky rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves.
拓展句：On that day, we usually eat zongzi — sticky rice dumplings which are wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As the festival name shows , people hold dragon boat races to celebrate it, especially in the southern places in memory of Qu Yuan, a great poetof ancient China. （运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句，动词不定式作目的状语）
【高分句型2】Therefore, it’s regarded as a day of mourning and cherishing the memory.（运用了动名词作宾语）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
I went up to the roof for a break after studying for an hour and watched the 50 or so people swimming in the natural rock pool below our house. It was a sunny day--a blue, cloudless sky over a calm sea. But then, as I looked in the distance, I discovered three or four big waves heading towards the shore. I'd seen these mini-tsunamis(海啸) many times before. They were heading at speed in the direction of the pool. Most people knew how to look out for them, but from the screams that started coming from the beach, I could tell someone was in trouble.
Without thinking, I ran down into the street, holding my body board(俯伏冲浪板) on the way and shouted at a stranger to go inside my house and call the coastguard. My neighbor Moises had heard the screaming as well and was also outside with his body board, so together we rushed to the steps that led down to the sea.
Once we got closer, we discovered the waves had pulled a boy and a girl from the pool and into the open sea. I knew that the nearest boat would take at least 30 minutes to reach us. Waiting for help wasn't a choice. I wasn't used to this sort of emergency--I’d never been trained as a lifeguard-but I didn't think twice about trying to save them. I supposed in a way I wanted to impress everyone: at 19, a deal like that can seem like a good opportunity to show off.
Moises and I dived into the water and it took us 10 minutes to get to them. When we finally reached them, they were almost lifeless with only their heads coming in and out of the water. We could tell they were still alive from their small breaths but it was clear they wouldn't have been able to stay there much longer. I held the boy and pulled him over my board. Moises moved the girl onto his board. We discussed pushing them back to the shore, but we were too far out.
注意：
1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
We had to wait
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
We had to wait. We eagerly hoping for the arrival of the saving boat. The wild wind blew and the freezing sea water clapped our bodies continuously. 30 minutes seemed much longer as we just helplessly floated on the boundless sea. After a long time, a light spot appeared in the distance! We waved our hands and yelled out for help. The boat finally reached us and took all of us back to the shore. The two children were immediately sent to the nearest hospital.
That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition. Picturing what the merry scene would be, relief lay in my heart and happiness etched on my face. The next morning, all the people I met smiled to me and could not stop praising me. It seemed like a good opportunity to show myself off, but I didn’t mean to. In fact, I was ashamed I had thought about it. It occurred to me that helping others was priceless and everyone should be a lifeguard.
【解析】
【分析】本文以事件发展为线索展开。作者在一次海啸中，意外发现了有人遇到危险，于是和邻居一起前往救助。作者当时在某种程度上，是想给每个人留下深刻印象：19岁时，这似乎是一个很好的炫耀机会。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段内容“我们必须等……”可知应该写等待的过程，要详细地描述作者他们等待的心情和当时海面的变化，以及最终获救……
②由第二段内容“那天晚上，医院传来消息说，这两个人的身体状况良好。”可知本段应该描写我对这次营救别人的心理变化和感悟。文章最后提到帮助别人是无价的，每个人都应该成为一名救生员。
2.续写线索：救援遇险——等待援助——获得援助——事后感悟。
3.词汇激活
行为类
①来到：arrival /reach
②帮助：help/yelled out for help
情绪类
①绝望：eagerly hope /helplessly
②积极：merry /praise
③内心活动：relief/show off/ashamed
【点睛】[高分句型1]. 30 minutes seemed much longer as we just helplessly floated on the boundless sea. (由as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]. That night, word came from the hospital that the two people were in good condition. (由that引导同位语从句)
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