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2023年山东省聊城市东昌府区中考英语二模试卷
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这是一份2023年山东省聊城市东昌府区中考英语二模试卷，共19页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读理解，阅读判断，任务型阅读-多任务混合，阅读填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年山东省聊城市东昌府区中考英语二模试卷
一、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
People succeed and people fail.Some say nothing is（1） ______ while some say they can't succeed.I believe where there is a will，there is a way.（2） ______ we work hard，we will succeed one day.I am（3） ______ because Mr."I can 't" has been forgotten by me.
I will never（4） ______ the day when I，a primary school student of Grade 3，buried（埋葬）Mr."I can't"together with my classmates.On that day，our teacher asked us to write down all the things that we couldn't do.We all did as she told us to.In a moment，our（5） ______ was covered with a lot of "I can'ts".Then we were told to hand in the paper and she put the paper in a box.We walked a long time and she led us to the（6） ______ corner of the playground.
She then asked us to dig a hole and bury the box.We couldn't（7） ______ her until she said "Goodbye，'Mr.I can't'.The future is on my hand."Then she asked us to remember the day，be confident and decide our own（8） ______ .
The lesson has left a（n）（9） ______ impression（印象） on me.It makes me understand that one should have the（10） ______ to say goodbye to Mr."I can't" and be confident if he wishes to achieve his goal.
1. A. successful B. impossible C. necessary
2. A. If B. Because C. Whether
3. A. tired B. confident C. relaxed
4. A. miss B. change C. forget
5. A. paper B. space C. box
6. A. largest B. nearest C. farthest
7. A. meet B. understand C. see
8. A. idea B. future C. influence
9. A. deep B. different C. full
10. A. courage B. success C. difference
二、阅读理解（本大题共13小题，共30.0分）
A
Exchanges of technology such as China's Four Great Inventions have changed the world's development forever.The Four Great Inventions are the compass（指南针），gunpowder，paper-making and printing.
Compass
It was a great gift to the world from ancient China.Before it was invented，people on the sea had to depend on the stars to find direction.
After it was invented，the oceans were open to travel.And many new discoveries were made with the help of it.It reached Europe around the13th century.
Gunpowder
It is said that in the 3rd century a Chinese man wrote about how to make it.At first，it was used for making fireworks.At the end of the Tang Dynasty，people began to use it in wars.The method of making it was brought to the Arab（阿拉伯的）world and Europe in the 13th and14th centuries.
Paper-making
China was the first country in the world to make paper.During the Western Han Dynasty（202 B.C.—9 A.D.），paper was made in some places in China.It was developed in the Eastern Han Dynasty（25 A.D.—220 A.D.）by Cai Lun.He made paper with bark（树皮），ropes，rags（旧布）and so on.Before it was invented，the ancient Chinese carved（雕刻）characters on animal bones and stones.They also wrote them on bamboo and wooden sticks.This technology spread to India in the mid-600s，to Egypt during the early 900s，and finally to Europe around the 12th century.
Printing
It was developed in 1041—1048 in the Song Dynasty.A man named Bi Sheng carved characters on pieces of clay（黏土）and wood.Then he put ink on them.After the characters were printed on paper，the pieces of clay or wood could be used again.Around the 15th century，this technology spread to Europe.
11. Before the compass was invented，people use the ______ to find direction on the sea.
A. stars B. wind C. ropes D. woods
12. At first，gunpowder was used for ______ .
A. hunting animals B. making fireworks
C. fighting in wars D. writing characters
13. Before paper- making，the ancient Chinese didn't carve or write characters on ______ .
A. animal bones B. stones C. bamboo. D. ropes
14. Printing was developed in the ______ .
A. Tang Dynasty
B. Song Dynasty
C. Han Dynasty
D. Yuan Dynasty （5） ______ reached Europe first. A.Compass B.Gunpowder C.Paper-making D.Printing
B
One day，a young woman visited a farm in the countryside.As she got closer to the farm，she saw many chickens and an eagle（鹰） playing together.
She went up to the farm house and talked to the farmer，"Sir，I was just passing by and I saw that you have many chickens and an eagle."The farmer smiled and said，"That's not an eagle.It's a chicken."The young woman kept saying that it was an eagle.She said to the farmer，"Sir，that is an eagle!I can prove it to you."The farmer laughed，"Sure，go ahead."
The young woman then pulled that big bird out and climbed a high mountain.She held the bird in her hands and said，"You are an eagle，fly!"But the bird failed.The young woman tried the second time.She said to the bird，"I don't care you have been raised as a chicken for those years.But I know what you were created to be.You are an eagle，now fly!"After the young woman tried another four times，the bird began to flap（拍打） its wings.Finally，it flew high and began to fly around the farm.
It is true to us.Some people around us have continued to keep us down by lying to us.Over all of those years，we were told to be a failure，not to be good enough and to accept the "reality".They are wrong.We should try our best to reach our highest potential（潜能） to prove that we are eagles.
15. The young woman pulled that bird out because she wanted to ______ .
A. throw the bird away B. climb a high mountain
C. hold the bird in her hands D. prove something to the farmer
16. The underlined word " raised " probably has the similar meaning to the word " ______ ".
A. cared B. loved C. kept D. trained
17. Before the bird flapped its wings the young woman tried ______ times.
A. five B. six C. seven D. eight
18. According to the passage，during all of those years，"we"were told all of the following except ______ .
A. to be a failure B. not to be good enough
C. to accept the"reality" D. to prove that we are eagles
19. The best title（题目） for the story is ______ .
A. You Are an Eagle B. A Woman and an Eagle
C. The Farmer and the Eagle D. A Farmer and a Young Woman
C
On March 3，2022，the 2021 Touching China Award ceremony aired on CCTV.Ten role models were on the list，and Yang Zhenning is one of them.When mentioning the greatest theoretical（理论的） physicists in the world，Yang Zhenning is a name never to be forgotten.
Yang Zhenning，a famous Nobel Prize-winning physicist，became the first Chinese-American scientist who managed to return to China after the US just lifted（解除） the ban（禁令） on visits to China in 1971.Yang also helped hundreds of Chinese students to have a further study in the US.These people later made a huge construction（贡献） for China.
Yang was born in 1922，in Hefei Anhui，China，and grew up in Tsinghua University.From a young age he had an interest in physics.At the age of 12，Yang showed his great goal to win a Nobel Prize after being attracted by a book about the unknowns of the universe.
With this goal in mind，Yang studied hard.After getting a master's degree in Tsinghua University in 1944，Yang got the chance to further his studies in the United States.There he met another Chinese student，Tsung-dao Lee（李政道），who shared the same interests，and they often discussed the physics problems together.In 1957，they won the Nobel Prize in Physics.It let other Chinese people know that Chinese scientists could stand out in the global science community.
At the Nobel Banquet（宴会），Yang also expressed his pride.He was very proud of his Chinese background.No matter where he has been，Yang Zhenning has always had his motherland in mind.
In 2003，Yang returned to China and also taught at Tsinghua.Under his influence，many overseas Chinese also returned to China to make contributions，such as Turing Award winner Yao Qizhi，physicist Wu Xiaogang，and mathematician Zhang Shouwu.
（1） ______ role models were awarded in the ceremony.
A.Three
B.Five
C.Eight
D.Ten
20. Which of the following statements is NOT true？ ______
A. Yang Zhenning couldn't return to his motherland in 1970.
B. Yang Zhenning takes pride in owning Chinese background.
C. Yang Zhenning knew Tsung-dao Lee in Tsinghua University.
D. Yang Zhenning showed his interest in physics from a young age.
21. As the age of ______ ，Yang Zhenning won the Nobel Prize in Physics with Tsung-dgo Lee.
A. 22 B. 35 C. 48 D. 8 1
22. Which isn't mentioned in the passage？ ______
A. Yang Zhenning is a great theoretical physicist in the world.
B. Yang Zhenning wrote many famous articles and gave many speeches in universities.
C. Hundreds of Chinese students were helped by Yang Zhenning to have a further study.
D. Under Yang Zhenning's influence，Yao Qizhi and Zhang Shouwu returned to China.
23. We may find this article in the part of ______ in a newspaper.
A. Science B. Nature C. Travel D. Sport
三、阅读判断（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
选Right涂A，选Wrong涂B。
Welcome to the most friendly museum in London.In most museums，there is no shouting and no running，and you must not touch anything.But the Science Museum is different.It is noisy!People talk about what they can see and do there，and there are some very noisy machines as well.If you want answers to all your questions about science，this is the right place for you.
I like to visit the rooms on the second and the third floors.You can learn about communications and the environment as well as maths，physics and chemistry.For example，you can find out how people dig coal from the ground and use it to create energy.And in one room they even explain how X-rays let you see inside your body.
The Launchpad on the third floor is the most popular room，and it is my favourite too because there are lots of physics experiments.For example，if you want to fill a bag with sand，you have to control a kind of truck on wheels and move it into the correct place.You can also find out how people travel into space and back again.
On the fourth and fifth floors，you can learn about what medicine was like in the past.If you compare the medicine of the past with the medicine of today，you will feel very lucky next time you visit a doctor!
The Science Museum is interesting for people of all ages.You can always find something new and have a wonderful time there.The museum is free to enter，so you can go in for a few minutes or stay all day.It is open daily from 10 am to 6 pm.So if you ever go to London，make sure you visit the Science Museum.It is my favourite museum in the whole world!
24. If you want answers to all your questions，the most friendly museum in London is the right place for you. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
25. You can find out how people dig coal on the second and the third floors. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
26. You can find out how people travel into space and back again on the third floor. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
27. The old aren't interested in the Science Museum，because it's noisy. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
28. You can go to the Science Museum at half past nine in the morning every day. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
四、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
29. March 21 is World Sleep Day.It reminds us to think about our sleeping habits and try to sleep better.How much do you know about sleep？
Why do we need sleep？
Nobody has the perfect answer to this question.Scientists did tests on rats.If rats don't sleep for over four weeks，their bodies become colder and smaller.And later，they die.
How much sleep do we need？
Different people need different amounts of sleep.Many surveys show that adults need to sleep about 7 to 8 hours a day.But younger people need more sleep.Doctors advise 10 hours for primary school students，9 for junior high students and 8 for senior high school.
Do we always dream in sleep？
Most of us dream every night.Sometimes you can remember your dreams.But if your sleep is deep enough，you may not remember your dreams.
Does sleeping a lot on weekends help？
Many people feel like they don't get enough sleep on weekdays，so they like to sleep for long hours on weekends.But does this make up for the loss？Doctors don't think so.You may feel better for a short time，but your body is already hurt.What's worse，this changes your body clock.The next day，you may find it hard to fall asleep.
How can we sleep better？
There are several ways you can do. 你可以在睡觉前喝些牛奶。Comfortable bedding also helps.
(1) 回答问题：
What does World Sleep Day remind us？
______
(2) 将文中划线的英语句子译成汉语。
______
(3) 从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相近的句子。
Everyone's sleep needs are not the same.
______
(4) 回答问题：
What does the underlined word" it"in the Paragraph 9 refer to（指的是）？
______
(5) 将文中划线的汉语句子译成英语。
______
五、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
30. Jeff has a problem，but he doesn't know how to solve it.
The problem may not seem like（1） ______ （冠词） problem to many students.He does very well at school and（2） ______ （ enjoy） studying.He's the top student in almost all subjects and a year or two（3） ______ （ old） than other classmates.So his classmates often ask him for help with all（4） ______ （ kind） of things.
He likes（5） ______ （ help） them，but sometimes he feels a bit lonely.He also has his own difficulties，but he doesn't want to ask other classmates for advice.He's worried that this may make him（6） ______ （ look） silly.
He's also not sure that other（7） ______ （ student） advice can solve his problems.He wants to know how he can find the right person in the class to share his problems with，and how he can know（8） ______ （连词） their advice is helpful？
I want to tell him no one is perfect.We can always learn something from others even if they're younger or not so clever.Make friends（9） ______ （介词） others.Ask them for advice when we need it.We' ll be surprised at how much we can learn from everyone around（10） ______ （ we）!I hope he will solve his problems soon.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
31. 随着全球国际化，中国的传统节日越来越受国外友人的关注，请你以"The Spring Festival"为题，根据下面的要点提示，用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍中国的传统节日——春节。
要点提示：
1.春节是中国传统节日中最重要的节日之一，通常在一月或二月份；
2.春节习俗：前夕，人们打扫房屋等；除夕聚在一起吃饺子，看电视等；春节期间，人们穿着新衣服走亲访友；孩子们收到红包等。
3.身为中国人，你对传统节日的感受。
注意事项：
1.短文词数：80 词左右。
2.短文必须包含以上内容，但可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.文中不得出现真实的人名和地名。
The Spring Festival________________________________________________________________________________________
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】B、A、B、C、A、C、B、B、A、A
【解析】（1）考查形容词辨析。句意：有些人说没有什么是不可能的，有些人说他们不可能成功。successful成功的；impossible不可能的；necessary必要的。根据"while some say they can't succeed（而有些人说他们不可能成功）"可知，一些人说没有什么是不可能的。故选B。
（2）考查连词辨析。句意：如果我们努力，总有一天会成功。if如果；because因为；whether是否。根据上下句的情境可知，构成条件状语从句，应该使用if。故选A。
（3）考查形容词辨析。句意：我很有信心，因为"我不能"先生已经被我遗忘了。tired累人的；confident自信的；relaxed放松的。根据"because Mr. "I can 't" has been forgotten by me（因为"我不能"先生已经被我遗忘了）"可知，"我不能"已经被我忘记，所以我很自信。故选B。
（4）考查动词辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记有一天，我是一名小学三年级的学生，和同学们一起埋葬了"我不能"先生。miss错过；change改变；forget忘记。根据情境可知，作者永远不会忘记和同学们一起做的事。故选C。
（5）考查名词辨析。句意：一会儿，我们的纸上写满了"我不能"。paper纸；space空间；box盒子。根据下句"Then we were told to hand in the paper and she put the paper in a box.（然后我们被告知要交纸，她把纸放在盒子里。）"可知，是把字写在了纸上。故选A。
（6）考查形容词最高级辨析。句意：我们走了很长一段路，她把我们带到操场最远的角落。largest最大的；nearest最近的；farthest最远的。根据"We walked a long time（我们走了很长一段路）"可知，应该是带到最远的角落。故选C。
（7）考查动词辨析。句意：我们无法理解她，直到她说："再见，'我不能先生'"。meet遇见；understand明白；see看见。根据"until she said "Goodbye， 'Mr.I can't'.（直到她说："再见，'我不能先生'"）"可知，起初不能理解老师的行为。故选B。
（8）考查名词辨析。句意：然后她要求我们记住这一天，自信地决定自己的未来。idea主意；future未来；influence影响。根据"Then she asked us to remember the day（然后她要求我们记住这一天）"可知，记住这一天是因为自信会决定未来。故选B。
（9）考查形容词辨析。句意：这节课给我留下了深刻的印象。deep深的；different不同的；full满的。根据情境和"impression（印象）"可知，这节课给我留下了深刻的印象。故选A。
（10）考查名词辨析。句意：它让我明白，一个人要想实现自己的目标，就要有勇气和"我不能"先生说再见，要有信心。courage勇气；success成功；difference不同点。根据"if he wishes to achieve his goal（一个人要想实现自己的目标）"可知，想要实现目标就要有勇气表现出自信。故选A。
本文讲述了一位老师通过一个活动来树立学生的自信心，使他们明白其中的道理。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
11~14.【答案】A、B、D、B
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第一个表格Before it was invented，people on the sea had to depend on the stars to find direction.（在它被发明之前，海上的人们不得不依靠星星来寻找方向。）可知，在指南针发明之前，人们用星星在海上寻找方向。故选A。
（2）根据第二个表格At first，it was used for making fireworks.（起初，它被用来制作烟花。）可知，起初，火药被用来制作烟花。故选B。
（3）根据第三个表格Before it was invented，the ancient Chinese carved characters on animal bones and stones.They also wrote them on bamboo and wooden sticks.（在发明之前，古代中国人在动物的骨头和石头上雕刻文字。他们还把它们写在竹子和木棍上。）可知，在造纸之前，中国古人不会在绳子上雕刻或书写文字。故选D。
（4）根据第四个表格It was developed in 1041—1048 in the Song Dynasty.（它是在宋朝1041-1048年发展起来的。）可知，印刷术是宋代发展起来的。故选B。
（5）根据第一个表格CompassIt reached Europe around the 13th century.（指南针它大约在 13世纪到达欧洲。）第二个表格Gunpowder The method of making it was brought to the Arabworld and Europe in the 13th and 14th centuries.（火药这种制作方法在 13世纪和14世纪被带到了阿拉伯世界和欧洲。）第三个表格Paper-making This technology spread to India in the mid-600s，to Egypt during the early 900s，and finally to Europe around the 12th century.（造纸术这项技术在 600年代中期传播到印度，在900年代初传播到埃及，最后在12世纪左右传播到欧洲。）以及第四个表格Printing Around the 15th century，this technology spread to Europe.（印刷术大约在 15世纪，这项技术传播到了欧洲。）可知，造纸术最早到达欧洲。故选C。
这篇短文主要介绍了中国的四大发明。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
15~19.【答案】D、C、B、D、A
【解析】 （1）细节理解题。根据第二段She said to the farmer，"Sir，that is an eagle!I can prove it to you."The farmer laughed，"Sure，go ahead."（她对农夫说："先生，那是一只鹰！我可以向你证明。"农夫笑着说："当然，去吧。"）以及第三段The young woman then pulled that big bird out and climbed a high mountain.She held the bird in her hands and said，"You are an eagle，fly!"（年轻的女人把那只大鸟拉了出来，爬上了一座高山。她把鸟握在手里说："你是一只鹰，飞吧！"）可知，年轻的女人把那只鸟拉了出来，因为她想向农夫证明一些事情。故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段She said to the bird，"I don't care you have been raised as a chicken for those years.But I know what you were created to be.You are an eagle，now fly!"After the young woman tried another four times，the bird began to flap（拍打） its wings.Finally，it flew high and began to fly around the farm.（她对那只鸟说："我不在乎你这些年来一直被当作鸡来养。但我知道你生来就是什么样的。你是一只鹰，现在飞吧！"年轻女子又试了四次之后，这只鸟开始扇动翅膀。最后，它飞得很高，开始在农场周围飞行。）可知，可知农夫一直把这只鹰当作鸡来养。" raised 意思kept。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段The young woman tried the second time.She said to the bird，"I don't care you have been raised as a chicken for those years.But I know what you were created to be.You are an eagle，now fly!"After the young woman tried another four times，the bird began to flap（拍打） its wings.Finally，it flew high and began to fly around the farm.（年轻的女人试了第二次。她对那只鸟说："我不在乎你这些年来一直被当作鸡养。但我知道你是天生的。你是一只鹰，现在飞吧！"年轻的女人又试了四次后，这只鸟开始扇动翅膀。最后，它飞得很高，开始在农场周围飞行。）可知，在那只鸟扇动翅膀之前，这位年轻女子试了六次。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段，we were told to be a failure，not to be good enough and to accept the"reality"（我们被告知是失败的，做得不够好，要接受"现实"）可知没有提到to prove that we are eagles，故选D。
（5）主旨大意题。根据最后一段It is true to us.Some people around us have continued to keep us down by lying to us.Over all of those years，we were told to be a failure，not to be good enough and to accept the "reality".They are wrong.We should try our best to reach our highest potential（潜能） to prove that we are eagles.（这对我们来说是真的。我们周围的一些人继续通过对我们撒谎来压制我们。在这些年里，我们被告知是失败的，做得不够好，要接受"现实"。他们错了。我们应该尽最大努力发挥我们的最大潜力，以证明我们是鹰。）可知，我们不要因为别人的评价而看低自己，应该不断的努力去证明自己是一只"鹰"。故选A。
这篇短文讲述了一个年轻女子在农村参观农场时，看到一只鹰和许多鸡在一起玩耍。她认为那只鹰是鹰，但农民却告诉她那只鹰是只鸡。女子不断坚持自己的看法，并试图让这只鹰飞起来，但一开始失败了。她不断鼓励这只鹰，最终鹰开始振翅高飞，证明了自己的本质。文章最后指出，有些人会一直告诉我们自己是失败者，不够好，要接受现实，但我们应该尽力发挥自己的潜力，证明自己是鹰而不是鸡。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
20~23.【答案】D、C、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Ten role models were on the list，and Yang Zhenning is one of them.（十位榜样人物榜上有名，杨振宁就是其中之一。）可知，颁奖典礼共10个榜样人物获奖。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段After getting a master's degree in Tsinghua University in 1944，Yang got the chance to further his studies in the United States.There he met another Chinese student，Tsung-dao Lee（李政道），who shared the same interests，and they often discussed the physics problems together.（1944年，杨在清华大学获得硕士学位后，有机会去美国深造。在那里，他遇到了另一位志同道合的中国学生李政道，他们经常一起讨论物理问题。）可知，杨振宁在清华大学认识李。与原文不符。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Yang was born in 1922，in Hefei Anhui，China，and grew up in Tsinghua University.（杨1922年出生于中国安徽合肥，在清华大学长大。）以及第四段After getting a master's degree in Tsinghua University in 1944，Yang got the chance to further his studies in the United States.There he met another Chinese student，Tsung-dao Lee（李政道），who shared the same interests，and they often discussed the physics problems together.In 1957，they won the Nobel Prize in Physics.（1944年，杨在清华大学获得硕士学位后，有机会去美国深造。在那里，他遇到了另一位兴趣相投的中国学生李宗道，他们经常一起讨论物理问题。1957年，他们获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。）可知，35岁时，杨振宁与李一起获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第一段When mentioning the greatest theoretical（理论的） physicists in the world，Yang Zhenning is a name never to be forgotten.（当提到世界上最伟大的理论物理学家时，杨振宁是一个永远不会忘记的名字。）以及最后一段In 2003，Yang returned to China and also taught at Tsinghua.Under his influence，many overseas Chinese also returned to China to make contributions，such as Turing Award winner Yao Qizhi，physicist Wu Xiaogang，and mathematician Zhang Shouwu.（2003年，杨回到中国，也在清华任教。在他的影响下，许多海外华人也回到中国做出贡献，如图灵奖得主姚期智、物理学家吴小刚、数学家张寿武。）可知，杨振宁是世界上一位伟大的理论物理学家。数百名中国学生在杨振宁的帮助下继续深造。在杨振宁的影响下，姚期智和张寿武回到了中国。选项B杨振宁写了许多著名的文章，在大学里做了许多演讲。与原文不符。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据第一段On March 3，2022，the 2021 Touching China Award ceremony aired on CCTV.Ten role models were on the list，and Yang Zhenning is one of them.When mentioning the greatest theoretical（理论的） physicists in the world，Yang Zhenning is a name never to be forgotten.（2022年3月3日，2021感动中国奖颁奖典礼在中央电视台播出。榜样人物榜上有名，杨振宁就是其中之一。提到世界上最伟大的理论物理学家，杨是一个永远不会忘记的名字。）可知，我们可以在报纸的科学部分找到这篇文章。故选A。
本文主要介绍了杨振宁获得"感动中国2021"十大人物之一的事情。杨振宁是一位著名的诺贝尔物理学奖得主，他是第一位在1971年美国解除对中国访问禁令后回到中国的华裔科学家。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
24~28.【答案】B、A、A、B、B
【解析】细节判断题。
（1）根据第一段Welcome to the most friendly museum in London.In most museums，there is no shouting and no running，and you must not touch anything.But the Science Museum is different.It is noisy!People talk about what they can see and do there，and there are some very noisy machines as well.If you want answers to all your questions about science，this is the right place for you.（欢迎来到伦敦最友好的博物馆。在大多数博物馆里，没有大喊大叫，也没有奔跑，任何东西都不能碰。但科学博物馆不同。它很吵！人们谈论他们在那里能看到什么和做什么，还有一些噪音很大的机器。如果你想回答所有关于科学的问题，这是适合你的地方。）可知，如果你想得到所有问题的答案，伦敦最友好的博物馆就是你的理想之地。表述错误。故选B。
（2）根据第二段I like to visit the rooms on the second and the third floors.You can learn about communications and the environment as well as maths，physics and chemistry.For example，you can find out how people dig coal from the ground and use it to create energy.（我喜欢参观二楼和三楼的房间。你可以学习通信和环境，以及数学、物理和化学。例如，你可以了解人们是如何从地下挖煤并利用它来创造能源的。）可知，你可以在二楼和三楼了解人们是如何挖煤的。表述正确。故选A。
（3）根据第三段The Launchpad on the third floor is the most popular room，and it is my favourite too because there are lots of physics experiments.For example，if you want to fill a bag with sand，you have to control a kind of truck on wheels and move it into the correct place.You can also find out how people travel into space and back again.（三楼的Launchpad是最受欢迎的房间，也是我的最爱，因为这里有很多物理实验。例如，如果你想在一个袋子里装满沙子，你必须控制一辆带轮子的卡车，并将其移动到正确的位置。你还可以了解人们是如何往返太空的。）可知，你可以在三楼了解人们是如何进入太空并再次返回的。表述正确。故选A。
（4）根据最后一段The Science Museum is interesting for people of all ages.You can always find something new and have a wonderful time there.（科学博物馆对所有年龄段的人来说都很有趣。你总能在那里找到新的东西，度过美好的时光。）可知，老人们对科学博物馆不感兴趣，因为它很吵。表述错误。故选B。
（5）根据最后一段It is open daily from 10 am to 6 pm.（每天上午10时至下午6时开放。）可知，你可以每天早上九点半去科学博物馆。表述错误。故选B。
这篇短文主要介绍了伦敦科学博物馆的特点和展览内容。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
29.【答案】【小题1】To think about our sleeping habits and try to sleep better.
【小题2】对这个问题，没有人有完美的答案。
【小题3】Different people need different amounts of sleep.
【小题4】To fall asleep.
【小题5】You can drink some milk before you go to sleep.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段It reminds us to think about our sleeping habits and try to sleep better.（它提醒我们思考一下我们的睡眠习惯，努力睡得更好。）可知睡眠日是在提醒我们思考一下我们的睡眠习惯，努力睡得更好。故答案为To think about our sleeping habits and try to sleep better.
（2）英译汉题。Nobody没有人；has有；the这个；perfect完美的；answer答案；to对于；this这个；question问题。故答案为对这个问题，没有人有完美的答案。
（3）推理判断题。题干句意为：每个人的睡眠需求都不一样。与此意思相同的文中句子是Different people need different amounts of sleep.故答案为Different people need different amounts of sleep.
（4）推理判断题。根据第九段The next day，you may find it hard to fall asleep.（第二天，你可能会发现很难入睡。）可知it在句中为形式宾语，真正的宾语为to fall asleep，表示"入睡"，可知此处it指的是"to fall asleep"，故答案为To fall asleep.
（5）汉译英题。分析句子为肯定句，时态为一般现在时。主语为You，表示"你"；can为情态动词，表示"可以"。谓语动词为drink，表示"喝"。some milk为宾语成分，表示"一些牛奶"。before为连词，表示"在......之前"。主语为you，表示"你"。谓语动词为go to sleep，表示"上床睡觉"。故答案为You can drink some milk before you go to sleep.
本文主要介绍了睡眠日旨在提醒我们要注重睡眠，文章详细介绍了如何能够拥有好的睡眠以及需要注意的问题。
这是个综合型阅读题，题目中有英汉互译题、也有问答题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案；英汉互译题需要根据句意及汉英语言各自的语法习惯来翻译。
30.【答案】【小题1】a
【小题2】enjoys
【小题3】older
【小题4】kinds
【小题5】helping
【小题6】look
【小题7】students'
【小题8】if/whether
【小题9】with
【小题10】us
【解析】（1）考查不定冠词。句意：对许多学生来说，这个问题似乎不是一个问题。结合空后辅音音素开头的单数名词 problem 可知，空缺处应填不定冠词a，故填：a。
（2）考查动词第三人称单数。句意：他在学校表现很好，喜欢学习。由前半句He does very well at school （他在学校表现很好）可知，后半句时态也是一般现在时，结合主语He第三人称单数，空缺处应填动词第三人称单数enjoys，故填：enjoys。
（3）考查形容词比较级。句意：他几乎是所有科目的尖子生，比其他同学大一两岁。由比较级的标志than可知，空缺处应填形容词比较级形式older，故填：older。
（4）考查名词复数。句意：所以他的同学经常在各种事情上找他帮忙。由空前all可知，空缺处应填名词复数形式kinds，kinds of 各种各样的；故填：kinds。
（5）考查动名词。句意：他喜欢帮助他们，但有时他感到有点孤独。like doing sth.喜欢做某事；空缺处应填动名词形式helping，故填：helping。
（6）考查动词。句意：他担心这会使他看起来很傻。make sb.do sth.使某人做某事；空缺处应填动词形式look，故填：look。
（7）考查名词的所有格形式。句意：他也不确定其他学生的建议是否能解决他的问题。由空后不可数名词advice可知，空缺处应填复数名词的所有格形式students'，故填：students'。
（8）考查连词。句意：他想知道如何在课堂上找到合适的人来分享他的问题，以及如何知道他们的建议是否有帮助。分析句子结构可知。空缺处应填连词if/whether引导宾语从句，故填：if/whether。
（9）考查介词。句意：和别人交朋友。make friends with sb.与某人交朋友，空缺处应填介词with，故填：with。
（10）考查代词宾格。句意：我们会惊讶于我们能从周围的人身上学到这么多！结合空前介词 around可知，空缺处应填代词宾格us，故填：us。
本文主要讲述了Jeff不想向其他同学征求意见。他担心这会让他看起来很傻，但他不知道如何解决它。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
31.【答案】The Spring Festival The Spring Festival is one of the most popular/important traditional festivals in China.It usually comes in January or February.（春节是中国传统节日中最重要的节日之一，通常在一月或二月份）
Before the festival，people usually clean their houses carefully，because they think cleaning can sweep away bad luck.【高分句型一】They also put things away and buy lots of delicious food.On the evening before the festival，family members get together and have a big dinner.They enjoy different kinds of food，such as dumplings and fish.Then they watch a special programme on TV.During the festival，people wear new clothes and visit their relatives and friends and say"Happy New Year".Children get hongbao from the old.（春节习俗：前夕，人们打扫房屋等；除夕聚在一起吃饺子，看电视等；春节期间，人们穿着新衣服走亲访友；孩子们收到红包等）
As a Chinese，I feel proud.And I think everyone in China likes Chinese traditional festivals，just like me.【高分句型二】（身为中国人，我对传统节日的感受）
【解析】【高分句型一】
Before the festival，people usually clean their houses carefully，because they think cleaning can sweep away bad luck.在春节之前，人们通常会仔细打扫他们的房子，因为他们认为清洁可以扫除厄运。because引导的原因状语从句。
【高分句型二】
And I think everyone in China likes Chinese traditional festivals，just like me.我想每个中国人都喜欢中国的传统节日，就像我一样。And I think+宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
2023年山东省聊城市东昌府区中考英语二模试卷
一、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
People succeed and people fail.Some say nothing is（1） ______ while some say they can't succeed.I believe where there is a will，there is a way.（2） ______ we work hard，we will succeed one day.I am（3） ______ because Mr."I can 't" has been forgotten by me.
I will never（4） ______ the day when I，a primary school student of Grade 3，buried（埋葬）Mr."I can't"together with my classmates.On that day，our teacher asked us to write down all the things that we couldn't do.We all did as she told us to.In a moment，our（5） ______ was covered with a lot of "I can'ts".Then we were told to hand in the paper and she put the paper in a box.We walked a long time and she led us to the（6） ______ corner of the playground.
She then asked us to dig a hole and bury the box.We couldn't（7） ______ her until she said "Goodbye，'Mr.I can't'.The future is on my hand."Then she asked us to remember the day，be confident and decide our own（8） ______ .
The lesson has left a（n）（9） ______ impression（印象） on me.It makes me understand that one should have the（10） ______ to say goodbye to Mr."I can't" and be confident if he wishes to achieve his goal.
1. A. successful B. impossible C. necessary
2. A. If B. Because C. Whether
3. A. tired B. confident C. relaxed
4. A. miss B. change C. forget
5. A. paper B. space C. box
6. A. largest B. nearest C. farthest
7. A. meet B. understand C. see
8. A. idea B. future C. influence
9. A. deep B. different C. full
10. A. courage B. success C. difference
二、阅读理解（本大题共13小题，共30.0分）
A
Exchanges of technology such as China's Four Great Inventions have changed the world's development forever.The Four Great Inventions are the compass（指南针），gunpowder，paper-making and printing.
Compass
It was a great gift to the world from ancient China.Before it was invented，people on the sea had to depend on the stars to find direction.
After it was invented，the oceans were open to travel.And many new discoveries were made with the help of it.It reached Europe around the13th century.
Gunpowder
It is said that in the 3rd century a Chinese man wrote about how to make it.At first，it was used for making fireworks.At the end of the Tang Dynasty，people began to use it in wars.The method of making it was brought to the Arab（阿拉伯的）world and Europe in the 13th and14th centuries.
Paper-making
China was the first country in the world to make paper.During the Western Han Dynasty（202 B.C.—9 A.D.），paper was made in some places in China.It was developed in the Eastern Han Dynasty（25 A.D.—220 A.D.）by Cai Lun.He made paper with bark（树皮），ropes，rags（旧布）and so on.Before it was invented，the ancient Chinese carved（雕刻）characters on animal bones and stones.They also wrote them on bamboo and wooden sticks.This technology spread to India in the mid-600s，to Egypt during the early 900s，and finally to Europe around the 12th century.
Printing
It was developed in 1041—1048 in the Song Dynasty.A man named Bi Sheng carved characters on pieces of clay（黏土）and wood.Then he put ink on them.After the characters were printed on paper，the pieces of clay or wood could be used again.Around the 15th century，this technology spread to Europe.
11. Before the compass was invented，people use the ______ to find direction on the sea.
A. stars B. wind C. ropes D. woods
12. At first，gunpowder was used for ______ .
A. hunting animals B. making fireworks
C. fighting in wars D. writing characters
13. Before paper- making，the ancient Chinese didn't carve or write characters on ______ .
A. animal bones B. stones C. bamboo. D. ropes
14. Printing was developed in the ______ .
A. Tang Dynasty
B. Song Dynasty
C. Han Dynasty
D. Yuan Dynasty （5） ______ reached Europe first. A.Compass B.Gunpowder C.Paper-making D.Printing
B
One day，a young woman visited a farm in the countryside.As she got closer to the farm，she saw many chickens and an eagle（鹰） playing together.
She went up to the farm house and talked to the farmer，"Sir，I was just passing by and I saw that you have many chickens and an eagle."The farmer smiled and said，"That's not an eagle.It's a chicken."The young woman kept saying that it was an eagle.She said to the farmer，"Sir，that is an eagle!I can prove it to you."The farmer laughed，"Sure，go ahead."
The young woman then pulled that big bird out and climbed a high mountain.She held the bird in her hands and said，"You are an eagle，fly!"But the bird failed.The young woman tried the second time.She said to the bird，"I don't care you have been raised as a chicken for those years.But I know what you were created to be.You are an eagle，now fly!"After the young woman tried another four times，the bird began to flap（拍打） its wings.Finally，it flew high and began to fly around the farm.
It is true to us.Some people around us have continued to keep us down by lying to us.Over all of those years，we were told to be a failure，not to be good enough and to accept the "reality".They are wrong.We should try our best to reach our highest potential（潜能） to prove that we are eagles.
15. The young woman pulled that bird out because she wanted to ______ .
A. throw the bird away B. climb a high mountain
C. hold the bird in her hands D. prove something to the farmer
16. The underlined word " raised " probably has the similar meaning to the word " ______ ".
A. cared B. loved C. kept D. trained
17. Before the bird flapped its wings the young woman tried ______ times.
A. five B. six C. seven D. eight
18. According to the passage，during all of those years，"we"were told all of the following except ______ .
A. to be a failure B. not to be good enough
C. to accept the"reality" D. to prove that we are eagles
19. The best title（题目） for the story is ______ .
A. You Are an Eagle B. A Woman and an Eagle
C. The Farmer and the Eagle D. A Farmer and a Young Woman
C
On March 3，2022，the 2021 Touching China Award ceremony aired on CCTV.Ten role models were on the list，and Yang Zhenning is one of them.When mentioning the greatest theoretical（理论的） physicists in the world，Yang Zhenning is a name never to be forgotten.
Yang Zhenning，a famous Nobel Prize-winning physicist，became the first Chinese-American scientist who managed to return to China after the US just lifted（解除） the ban（禁令） on visits to China in 1971.Yang also helped hundreds of Chinese students to have a further study in the US.These people later made a huge construction（贡献） for China.
Yang was born in 1922，in Hefei Anhui，China，and grew up in Tsinghua University.From a young age he had an interest in physics.At the age of 12，Yang showed his great goal to win a Nobel Prize after being attracted by a book about the unknowns of the universe.
With this goal in mind，Yang studied hard.After getting a master's degree in Tsinghua University in 1944，Yang got the chance to further his studies in the United States.There he met another Chinese student，Tsung-dao Lee（李政道），who shared the same interests，and they often discussed the physics problems together.In 1957，they won the Nobel Prize in Physics.It let other Chinese people know that Chinese scientists could stand out in the global science community.
At the Nobel Banquet（宴会），Yang also expressed his pride.He was very proud of his Chinese background.No matter where he has been，Yang Zhenning has always had his motherland in mind.
In 2003，Yang returned to China and also taught at Tsinghua.Under his influence，many overseas Chinese also returned to China to make contributions，such as Turing Award winner Yao Qizhi，physicist Wu Xiaogang，and mathematician Zhang Shouwu.
（1） ______ role models were awarded in the ceremony.
A.Three
B.Five
C.Eight
D.Ten
20. Which of the following statements is NOT true？ ______
A. Yang Zhenning couldn't return to his motherland in 1970.
B. Yang Zhenning takes pride in owning Chinese background.
C. Yang Zhenning knew Tsung-dao Lee in Tsinghua University.
D. Yang Zhenning showed his interest in physics from a young age.
21. As the age of ______ ，Yang Zhenning won the Nobel Prize in Physics with Tsung-dgo Lee.
A. 22 B. 35 C. 48 D. 8 1
22. Which isn't mentioned in the passage？ ______
A. Yang Zhenning is a great theoretical physicist in the world.
B. Yang Zhenning wrote many famous articles and gave many speeches in universities.
C. Hundreds of Chinese students were helped by Yang Zhenning to have a further study.
D. Under Yang Zhenning's influence，Yao Qizhi and Zhang Shouwu returned to China.
23. We may find this article in the part of ______ in a newspaper.
A. Science B. Nature C. Travel D. Sport
三、阅读判断（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
选Right涂A，选Wrong涂B。
Welcome to the most friendly museum in London.In most museums，there is no shouting and no running，and you must not touch anything.But the Science Museum is different.It is noisy!People talk about what they can see and do there，and there are some very noisy machines as well.If you want answers to all your questions about science，this is the right place for you.
I like to visit the rooms on the second and the third floors.You can learn about communications and the environment as well as maths，physics and chemistry.For example，you can find out how people dig coal from the ground and use it to create energy.And in one room they even explain how X-rays let you see inside your body.
The Launchpad on the third floor is the most popular room，and it is my favourite too because there are lots of physics experiments.For example，if you want to fill a bag with sand，you have to control a kind of truck on wheels and move it into the correct place.You can also find out how people travel into space and back again.
On the fourth and fifth floors，you can learn about what medicine was like in the past.If you compare the medicine of the past with the medicine of today，you will feel very lucky next time you visit a doctor!
The Science Museum is interesting for people of all ages.You can always find something new and have a wonderful time there.The museum is free to enter，so you can go in for a few minutes or stay all day.It is open daily from 10 am to 6 pm.So if you ever go to London，make sure you visit the Science Museum.It is my favourite museum in the whole world!
24. If you want answers to all your questions，the most friendly museum in London is the right place for you. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
25. You can find out how people dig coal on the second and the third floors. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
26. You can find out how people travel into space and back again on the third floor. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
27. The old aren't interested in the Science Museum，because it's noisy. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
28. You can go to the Science Museum at half past nine in the morning every day. ______
A. Right. B. Wrong.
四、任务型阅读-多任务混合（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
29. March 21 is World Sleep Day.It reminds us to think about our sleeping habits and try to sleep better.How much do you know about sleep？
Why do we need sleep？
Nobody has the perfect answer to this question.Scientists did tests on rats.If rats don't sleep for over four weeks，their bodies become colder and smaller.And later，they die.
How much sleep do we need？
Different people need different amounts of sleep.Many surveys show that adults need to sleep about 7 to 8 hours a day.But younger people need more sleep.Doctors advise 10 hours for primary school students，9 for junior high students and 8 for senior high school.
Do we always dream in sleep？
Most of us dream every night.Sometimes you can remember your dreams.But if your sleep is deep enough，you may not remember your dreams.
Does sleeping a lot on weekends help？
Many people feel like they don't get enough sleep on weekdays，so they like to sleep for long hours on weekends.But does this make up for the loss？Doctors don't think so.You may feel better for a short time，but your body is already hurt.What's worse，this changes your body clock.The next day，you may find it hard to fall asleep.
How can we sleep better？
There are several ways you can do. 你可以在睡觉前喝些牛奶。Comfortable bedding also helps.
(1) 回答问题：
What does World Sleep Day remind us？
______
(2) 将文中划线的英语句子译成汉语。
______
(3) 从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相近的句子。
Everyone's sleep needs are not the same.
______
(4) 回答问题：
What does the underlined word" it"in the Paragraph 9 refer to（指的是）？
______
(5) 将文中划线的汉语句子译成英语。
______
五、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
30. Jeff has a problem，but he doesn't know how to solve it.
The problem may not seem like（1） ______ （冠词） problem to many students.He does very well at school and（2） ______ （ enjoy） studying.He's the top student in almost all subjects and a year or two（3） ______ （ old） than other classmates.So his classmates often ask him for help with all（4） ______ （ kind） of things.
He likes（5） ______ （ help） them，but sometimes he feels a bit lonely.He also has his own difficulties，but he doesn't want to ask other classmates for advice.He's worried that this may make him（6） ______ （ look） silly.
He's also not sure that other（7） ______ （ student） advice can solve his problems.He wants to know how he can find the right person in the class to share his problems with，and how he can know（8） ______ （连词） their advice is helpful？
I want to tell him no one is perfect.We can always learn something from others even if they're younger or not so clever.Make friends（9） ______ （介词） others.Ask them for advice when we need it.We' ll be surprised at how much we can learn from everyone around（10） ______ （ we）!I hope he will solve his problems soon.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
31. 随着全球国际化，中国的传统节日越来越受国外友人的关注，请你以"The Spring Festival"为题，根据下面的要点提示，用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍中国的传统节日——春节。
要点提示：
1.春节是中国传统节日中最重要的节日之一，通常在一月或二月份；
2.春节习俗：前夕，人们打扫房屋等；除夕聚在一起吃饺子，看电视等；春节期间，人们穿着新衣服走亲访友；孩子们收到红包等。
3.身为中国人，你对传统节日的感受。
注意事项：
1.短文词数：80 词左右。
2.短文必须包含以上内容，但可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.文中不得出现真实的人名和地名。
The Spring Festival________________________________________________________________________________________
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】B、A、B、C、A、C、B、B、A、A
【解析】（1）考查形容词辨析。句意：有些人说没有什么是不可能的，有些人说他们不可能成功。successful成功的；impossible不可能的；necessary必要的。根据"while some say they can't succeed（而有些人说他们不可能成功）"可知，一些人说没有什么是不可能的。故选B。
（2）考查连词辨析。句意：如果我们努力，总有一天会成功。if如果；because因为；whether是否。根据上下句的情境可知，构成条件状语从句，应该使用if。故选A。
（3）考查形容词辨析。句意：我很有信心，因为"我不能"先生已经被我遗忘了。tired累人的；confident自信的；relaxed放松的。根据"because Mr. "I can 't" has been forgotten by me（因为"我不能"先生已经被我遗忘了）"可知，"我不能"已经被我忘记，所以我很自信。故选B。
（4）考查动词辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记有一天，我是一名小学三年级的学生，和同学们一起埋葬了"我不能"先生。miss错过；change改变；forget忘记。根据情境可知，作者永远不会忘记和同学们一起做的事。故选C。
（5）考查名词辨析。句意：一会儿，我们的纸上写满了"我不能"。paper纸；space空间；box盒子。根据下句"Then we were told to hand in the paper and she put the paper in a box.（然后我们被告知要交纸，她把纸放在盒子里。）"可知，是把字写在了纸上。故选A。
（6）考查形容词最高级辨析。句意：我们走了很长一段路，她把我们带到操场最远的角落。largest最大的；nearest最近的；farthest最远的。根据"We walked a long time（我们走了很长一段路）"可知，应该是带到最远的角落。故选C。
（7）考查动词辨析。句意：我们无法理解她，直到她说："再见，'我不能先生'"。meet遇见；understand明白；see看见。根据"until she said "Goodbye， 'Mr.I can't'.（直到她说："再见，'我不能先生'"）"可知，起初不能理解老师的行为。故选B。
（8）考查名词辨析。句意：然后她要求我们记住这一天，自信地决定自己的未来。idea主意；future未来；influence影响。根据"Then she asked us to remember the day（然后她要求我们记住这一天）"可知，记住这一天是因为自信会决定未来。故选B。
（9）考查形容词辨析。句意：这节课给我留下了深刻的印象。deep深的；different不同的；full满的。根据情境和"impression（印象）"可知，这节课给我留下了深刻的印象。故选A。
（10）考查名词辨析。句意：它让我明白，一个人要想实现自己的目标，就要有勇气和"我不能"先生说再见，要有信心。courage勇气；success成功；difference不同点。根据"if he wishes to achieve his goal（一个人要想实现自己的目标）"可知，想要实现目标就要有勇气表现出自信。故选A。
本文讲述了一位老师通过一个活动来树立学生的自信心，使他们明白其中的道理。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
11~14.【答案】A、B、D、B
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据第一个表格Before it was invented，people on the sea had to depend on the stars to find direction.（在它被发明之前，海上的人们不得不依靠星星来寻找方向。）可知，在指南针发明之前，人们用星星在海上寻找方向。故选A。
（2）根据第二个表格At first，it was used for making fireworks.（起初，它被用来制作烟花。）可知，起初，火药被用来制作烟花。故选B。
（3）根据第三个表格Before it was invented，the ancient Chinese carved characters on animal bones and stones.They also wrote them on bamboo and wooden sticks.（在发明之前，古代中国人在动物的骨头和石头上雕刻文字。他们还把它们写在竹子和木棍上。）可知，在造纸之前，中国古人不会在绳子上雕刻或书写文字。故选D。
（4）根据第四个表格It was developed in 1041—1048 in the Song Dynasty.（它是在宋朝1041-1048年发展起来的。）可知，印刷术是宋代发展起来的。故选B。
（5）根据第一个表格CompassIt reached Europe around the 13th century.（指南针它大约在 13世纪到达欧洲。）第二个表格Gunpowder The method of making it was brought to the Arabworld and Europe in the 13th and 14th centuries.（火药这种制作方法在 13世纪和14世纪被带到了阿拉伯世界和欧洲。）第三个表格Paper-making This technology spread to India in the mid-600s，to Egypt during the early 900s，and finally to Europe around the 12th century.（造纸术这项技术在 600年代中期传播到印度，在900年代初传播到埃及，最后在12世纪左右传播到欧洲。）以及第四个表格Printing Around the 15th century，this technology spread to Europe.（印刷术大约在 15世纪，这项技术传播到了欧洲。）可知，造纸术最早到达欧洲。故选C。
这篇短文主要介绍了中国的四大发明。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
15~19.【答案】D、C、B、D、A
【解析】 （1）细节理解题。根据第二段She said to the farmer，"Sir，that is an eagle!I can prove it to you."The farmer laughed，"Sure，go ahead."（她对农夫说："先生，那是一只鹰！我可以向你证明。"农夫笑着说："当然，去吧。"）以及第三段The young woman then pulled that big bird out and climbed a high mountain.She held the bird in her hands and said，"You are an eagle，fly!"（年轻的女人把那只大鸟拉了出来，爬上了一座高山。她把鸟握在手里说："你是一只鹰，飞吧！"）可知，年轻的女人把那只鸟拉了出来，因为她想向农夫证明一些事情。故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段She said to the bird，"I don't care you have been raised as a chicken for those years.But I know what you were created to be.You are an eagle，now fly!"After the young woman tried another four times，the bird began to flap（拍打） its wings.Finally，it flew high and began to fly around the farm.（她对那只鸟说："我不在乎你这些年来一直被当作鸡来养。但我知道你生来就是什么样的。你是一只鹰，现在飞吧！"年轻女子又试了四次之后，这只鸟开始扇动翅膀。最后，它飞得很高，开始在农场周围飞行。）可知，可知农夫一直把这只鹰当作鸡来养。" raised 意思kept。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段The young woman tried the second time.She said to the bird，"I don't care you have been raised as a chicken for those years.But I know what you were created to be.You are an eagle，now fly!"After the young woman tried another four times，the bird began to flap（拍打） its wings.Finally，it flew high and began to fly around the farm.（年轻的女人试了第二次。她对那只鸟说："我不在乎你这些年来一直被当作鸡养。但我知道你是天生的。你是一只鹰，现在飞吧！"年轻的女人又试了四次后，这只鸟开始扇动翅膀。最后，它飞得很高，开始在农场周围飞行。）可知，在那只鸟扇动翅膀之前，这位年轻女子试了六次。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段，we were told to be a failure，not to be good enough and to accept the"reality"（我们被告知是失败的，做得不够好，要接受"现实"）可知没有提到to prove that we are eagles，故选D。
（5）主旨大意题。根据最后一段It is true to us.Some people around us have continued to keep us down by lying to us.Over all of those years，we were told to be a failure，not to be good enough and to accept the "reality".They are wrong.We should try our best to reach our highest potential（潜能） to prove that we are eagles.（这对我们来说是真的。我们周围的一些人继续通过对我们撒谎来压制我们。在这些年里，我们被告知是失败的，做得不够好，要接受"现实"。他们错了。我们应该尽最大努力发挥我们的最大潜力，以证明我们是鹰。）可知，我们不要因为别人的评价而看低自己，应该不断的努力去证明自己是一只"鹰"。故选A。
这篇短文讲述了一个年轻女子在农村参观农场时，看到一只鹰和许多鸡在一起玩耍。她认为那只鹰是鹰，但农民却告诉她那只鹰是只鸡。女子不断坚持自己的看法，并试图让这只鹰飞起来，但一开始失败了。她不断鼓励这只鹰，最终鹰开始振翅高飞，证明了自己的本质。文章最后指出，有些人会一直告诉我们自己是失败者，不够好，要接受现实，但我们应该尽力发挥自己的潜力，证明自己是鹰而不是鸡。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
20~23.【答案】D、C、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Ten role models were on the list，and Yang Zhenning is one of them.（十位榜样人物榜上有名，杨振宁就是其中之一。）可知，颁奖典礼共10个榜样人物获奖。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段After getting a master's degree in Tsinghua University in 1944，Yang got the chance to further his studies in the United States.There he met another Chinese student，Tsung-dao Lee（李政道），who shared the same interests，and they often discussed the physics problems together.（1944年，杨在清华大学获得硕士学位后，有机会去美国深造。在那里，他遇到了另一位志同道合的中国学生李政道，他们经常一起讨论物理问题。）可知，杨振宁在清华大学认识李。与原文不符。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Yang was born in 1922，in Hefei Anhui，China，and grew up in Tsinghua University.（杨1922年出生于中国安徽合肥，在清华大学长大。）以及第四段After getting a master's degree in Tsinghua University in 1944，Yang got the chance to further his studies in the United States.There he met another Chinese student，Tsung-dao Lee（李政道），who shared the same interests，and they often discussed the physics problems together.In 1957，they won the Nobel Prize in Physics.（1944年，杨在清华大学获得硕士学位后，有机会去美国深造。在那里，他遇到了另一位兴趣相投的中国学生李宗道，他们经常一起讨论物理问题。1957年，他们获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。）可知，35岁时，杨振宁与李一起获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第一段When mentioning the greatest theoretical（理论的） physicists in the world，Yang Zhenning is a name never to be forgotten.（当提到世界上最伟大的理论物理学家时，杨振宁是一个永远不会忘记的名字。）以及最后一段In 2003，Yang returned to China and also taught at Tsinghua.Under his influence，many overseas Chinese also returned to China to make contributions，such as Turing Award winner Yao Qizhi，physicist Wu Xiaogang，and mathematician Zhang Shouwu.（2003年，杨回到中国，也在清华任教。在他的影响下，许多海外华人也回到中国做出贡献，如图灵奖得主姚期智、物理学家吴小刚、数学家张寿武。）可知，杨振宁是世界上一位伟大的理论物理学家。数百名中国学生在杨振宁的帮助下继续深造。在杨振宁的影响下，姚期智和张寿武回到了中国。选项B杨振宁写了许多著名的文章，在大学里做了许多演讲。与原文不符。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据第一段On March 3，2022，the 2021 Touching China Award ceremony aired on CCTV.Ten role models were on the list，and Yang Zhenning is one of them.When mentioning the greatest theoretical（理论的） physicists in the world，Yang Zhenning is a name never to be forgotten.（2022年3月3日，2021感动中国奖颁奖典礼在中央电视台播出。榜样人物榜上有名，杨振宁就是其中之一。提到世界上最伟大的理论物理学家，杨是一个永远不会忘记的名字。）可知，我们可以在报纸的科学部分找到这篇文章。故选A。
本文主要介绍了杨振宁获得"感动中国2021"十大人物之一的事情。杨振宁是一位著名的诺贝尔物理学奖得主，他是第一位在1971年美国解除对中国访问禁令后回到中国的华裔科学家。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
24~28.【答案】B、A、A、B、B
【解析】细节判断题。
（1）根据第一段Welcome to the most friendly museum in London.In most museums，there is no shouting and no running，and you must not touch anything.But the Science Museum is different.It is noisy!People talk about what they can see and do there，and there are some very noisy machines as well.If you want answers to all your questions about science，this is the right place for you.（欢迎来到伦敦最友好的博物馆。在大多数博物馆里，没有大喊大叫，也没有奔跑，任何东西都不能碰。但科学博物馆不同。它很吵！人们谈论他们在那里能看到什么和做什么，还有一些噪音很大的机器。如果你想回答所有关于科学的问题，这是适合你的地方。）可知，如果你想得到所有问题的答案，伦敦最友好的博物馆就是你的理想之地。表述错误。故选B。
（2）根据第二段I like to visit the rooms on the second and the third floors.You can learn about communications and the environment as well as maths，physics and chemistry.For example，you can find out how people dig coal from the ground and use it to create energy.（我喜欢参观二楼和三楼的房间。你可以学习通信和环境，以及数学、物理和化学。例如，你可以了解人们是如何从地下挖煤并利用它来创造能源的。）可知，你可以在二楼和三楼了解人们是如何挖煤的。表述正确。故选A。
（3）根据第三段The Launchpad on the third floor is the most popular room，and it is my favourite too because there are lots of physics experiments.For example，if you want to fill a bag with sand，you have to control a kind of truck on wheels and move it into the correct place.You can also find out how people travel into space and back again.（三楼的Launchpad是最受欢迎的房间，也是我的最爱，因为这里有很多物理实验。例如，如果你想在一个袋子里装满沙子，你必须控制一辆带轮子的卡车，并将其移动到正确的位置。你还可以了解人们是如何往返太空的。）可知，你可以在三楼了解人们是如何进入太空并再次返回的。表述正确。故选A。
（4）根据最后一段The Science Museum is interesting for people of all ages.You can always find something new and have a wonderful time there.（科学博物馆对所有年龄段的人来说都很有趣。你总能在那里找到新的东西，度过美好的时光。）可知，老人们对科学博物馆不感兴趣，因为它很吵。表述错误。故选B。
（5）根据最后一段It is open daily from 10 am to 6 pm.（每天上午10时至下午6时开放。）可知，你可以每天早上九点半去科学博物馆。表述错误。故选B。
这篇短文主要介绍了伦敦科学博物馆的特点和展览内容。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
29.【答案】【小题1】To think about our sleeping habits and try to sleep better.
【小题2】对这个问题，没有人有完美的答案。
【小题3】Different people need different amounts of sleep.
【小题4】To fall asleep.
【小题5】You can drink some milk before you go to sleep.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段It reminds us to think about our sleeping habits and try to sleep better.（它提醒我们思考一下我们的睡眠习惯，努力睡得更好。）可知睡眠日是在提醒我们思考一下我们的睡眠习惯，努力睡得更好。故答案为To think about our sleeping habits and try to sleep better.
（2）英译汉题。Nobody没有人；has有；the这个；perfect完美的；answer答案；to对于；this这个；question问题。故答案为对这个问题，没有人有完美的答案。
（3）推理判断题。题干句意为：每个人的睡眠需求都不一样。与此意思相同的文中句子是Different people need different amounts of sleep.故答案为Different people need different amounts of sleep.
（4）推理判断题。根据第九段The next day，you may find it hard to fall asleep.（第二天，你可能会发现很难入睡。）可知it在句中为形式宾语，真正的宾语为to fall asleep，表示"入睡"，可知此处it指的是"to fall asleep"，故答案为To fall asleep.
（5）汉译英题。分析句子为肯定句，时态为一般现在时。主语为You，表示"你"；can为情态动词，表示"可以"。谓语动词为drink，表示"喝"。some milk为宾语成分，表示"一些牛奶"。before为连词，表示"在......之前"。主语为you，表示"你"。谓语动词为go to sleep，表示"上床睡觉"。故答案为You can drink some milk before you go to sleep.
本文主要介绍了睡眠日旨在提醒我们要注重睡眠，文章详细介绍了如何能够拥有好的睡眠以及需要注意的问题。
这是个综合型阅读题，题目中有英汉互译题、也有问答题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案；英汉互译题需要根据句意及汉英语言各自的语法习惯来翻译。
30.【答案】【小题1】a
【小题2】enjoys
【小题3】older
【小题4】kinds
【小题5】helping
【小题6】look
【小题7】students'
【小题8】if/whether
【小题9】with
【小题10】us
【解析】（1）考查不定冠词。句意：对许多学生来说，这个问题似乎不是一个问题。结合空后辅音音素开头的单数名词 problem 可知，空缺处应填不定冠词a，故填：a。
（2）考查动词第三人称单数。句意：他在学校表现很好，喜欢学习。由前半句He does very well at school （他在学校表现很好）可知，后半句时态也是一般现在时，结合主语He第三人称单数，空缺处应填动词第三人称单数enjoys，故填：enjoys。
（3）考查形容词比较级。句意：他几乎是所有科目的尖子生，比其他同学大一两岁。由比较级的标志than可知，空缺处应填形容词比较级形式older，故填：older。
（4）考查名词复数。句意：所以他的同学经常在各种事情上找他帮忙。由空前all可知，空缺处应填名词复数形式kinds，kinds of 各种各样的；故填：kinds。
（5）考查动名词。句意：他喜欢帮助他们，但有时他感到有点孤独。like doing sth.喜欢做某事；空缺处应填动名词形式helping，故填：helping。
（6）考查动词。句意：他担心这会使他看起来很傻。make sb.do sth.使某人做某事；空缺处应填动词形式look，故填：look。
（7）考查名词的所有格形式。句意：他也不确定其他学生的建议是否能解决他的问题。由空后不可数名词advice可知，空缺处应填复数名词的所有格形式students'，故填：students'。
（8）考查连词。句意：他想知道如何在课堂上找到合适的人来分享他的问题，以及如何知道他们的建议是否有帮助。分析句子结构可知。空缺处应填连词if/whether引导宾语从句，故填：if/whether。
（9）考查介词。句意：和别人交朋友。make friends with sb.与某人交朋友，空缺处应填介词with，故填：with。
（10）考查代词宾格。句意：我们会惊讶于我们能从周围的人身上学到这么多！结合空前介词 around可知，空缺处应填代词宾格us，故填：us。
本文主要讲述了Jeff不想向其他同学征求意见。他担心这会让他看起来很傻，但他不知道如何解决它。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
31.【答案】The Spring Festival The Spring Festival is one of the most popular/important traditional festivals in China.It usually comes in January or February.（春节是中国传统节日中最重要的节日之一，通常在一月或二月份）
Before the festival，people usually clean their houses carefully，because they think cleaning can sweep away bad luck.【高分句型一】They also put things away and buy lots of delicious food.On the evening before the festival，family members get together and have a big dinner.They enjoy different kinds of food，such as dumplings and fish.Then they watch a special programme on TV.During the festival，people wear new clothes and visit their relatives and friends and say"Happy New Year".Children get hongbao from the old.（春节习俗：前夕，人们打扫房屋等；除夕聚在一起吃饺子，看电视等；春节期间，人们穿着新衣服走亲访友；孩子们收到红包等）
As a Chinese，I feel proud.And I think everyone in China likes Chinese traditional festivals，just like me.【高分句型二】（身为中国人，我对传统节日的感受）
【解析】【高分句型一】
Before the festival，people usually clean their houses carefully，because they think cleaning can sweep away bad luck.在春节之前，人们通常会仔细打扫他们的房子，因为他们认为清洁可以扫除厄运。because引导的原因状语从句。
【高分句型二】
And I think everyone in China likes Chinese traditional festivals，just like me.我想每个中国人都喜欢中国的传统节日，就像我一样。And I think+宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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