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2022-2023学年河南省郑州重点中学高二（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年河南省郑州重点中学高二（下）期末英语试卷（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年河南省郑州重点中学高二（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Top Public Sculpture Parks to Visit in America
Kasmin Sculpture Garden （New York City）
This quiet sculpture garden in Manhattan's Chelsea neighborhood is far from the crowds.Owned and operated by Kasmin Gallery，this exhibition space can be viewed from the nearby High Line.It is designed by Future Green，a Brooklyn landscape architect studio，and it stands beside a famous building designed by Zaha Hadid.There's a current exhibition featuring bronze （例） sculptures by Alma Allen，which shows the artist's regard for Utah.
Tippet Rise Art Center （Fishtail）
This sculpture garden is worth the trip to the Beartooth Mountains in Fishtail.It is a 12，500-acre ranch （牧场），which is peppered with public art，including sculptures by Mark di Suvero，among others.This summer，the ranch will be open to those who are hiking or traveling by bike.
Storm King Art Center （New Windsor）
By far the most popular sculpture park in upstate New York，it is a 500-acre sculpture park in Hudson Valley.Since opening in 1960，it has grown to include dozens of sculptures that change over time.In its collection，the park owns sculptures by famous artists including Carl Andre，Louise Bourgeois，and Daniel Buren.
Olympic Sculpture Park （Seattle）
This outdoor park was created by the nearby Seattle Art Museum and features a large red sculpture by AlexanderCalder called Eagle，as well as Wake by Richard Serra.Since 2007，this waterfront park has brought creativity to Elliott Bay.The landscape design fits in with the local roads and skyline，facing the harbor in what's recognized as Seattle's largest downtown green space.
1. What can be learned about the garden in Manhattan's Chelsea neighborhood？ ______
A. It is run by Kasmin Gallery.
B. It is designed by Zaha Hadid.
C. It has become a part of the High Line.
D. It stands for Alma Allen's respect for Utah.
2. Which of the following parks is located in Hudson Valley？ ______
A. Kasmin Sculpture Garden. B. Tippet Rise Art Center.
C. Storm King Art Center. D. Olympic Sculpture Park.
3. Where can you see the sculpture Wake？ ______
A. In New York City. B. In Seattle.
C. In New Windsor. D. In Fishtail.
B
Five-year-old Willard Wigan struggled to tell the difference between an M and a W or a 6 and a 9.Unfortunately，his schoolteacher knew nothing about dyslexia （阅读障碍症），a learning disability that can make letters and numbers confusing.She didn't try to help him.Not surprisingly，Willard didn't like school.Usually，his mind drifted—to playing outside，to his dog Maxie，or to the ants that lived near his family's garden shed.Willard was especially curious about those ants.He felt like them—small and insignificant.Thus，when he noticed some ants trying to build a house，he decided to help them!Willard constructed a little building.Then he sprinkled sugar inside to encourage the ants to move in.When they did，Willard built more houses.
At school，Willard still struggled，but now he knew he could do something special.Maybe he wasn't a failure after all.If he had trouble with his reading or math，Willard would later go home and create tiny furniture for the ant houses.He even built an ant school，with teeny swings，ladders，seesaws，and a merry-go-round.His artistic skill increased，and a love for little things began to grow in his heart.
At age nine，Willard began carving faces on toothpicks.He discovered that his ability improved when he held his breath as he worked.When he quit school at age 15 to help support his family，Willard still spent his spare time carving.His confidence grew as more people appreciated his talent.Eventually，he quit his factory job to pursue his dream of becoming one of the best artists in the world.Now，years later，Willard carves the tiniest artwork in the world!His sculptures are so small that several can fit on a period at the end of a sentence.
Because of their beauty and rarity，his sculptures have made Willard a wealthy man.But he says， "Success isn't about material things like an expensive watch or a costly ring；it's about persevering and achieving your dreams."
Willard Wigan，microsculptor，has done just that.The man who felt small as a boy has shown the world that something small can really be BIG.
4. Which of the following best describes Willard's teacher？ ______
A. Sympathetic. B. Unhelpful. C. Impatient. D. Careless.
5. Why did Willard become interested in building homes for ants？ ______
A. Because he had a love for little things.
B. Because he was absent-minded in class.
C. Because he wouldn't have to struggle at school.
D. Because he thought they both seemed unimportant.
6. What can we infer from the text？ ______
A. Willard gave up his study in school to pursue his dream.
B. Willard became popular when more people appreciated his work.
C. Willard was able to carve small artwork in a short period of time.
D. Willard found a way to make better artwork when he was at school.
7. Which of the following may Willard agree with？ ______
A. Failure is the mother of success.
B. Success belongs to those who don't give up.
C. Dreaming big is the first step in achieving your goals.
D. Talent is sometimes more important for success than hard work.
C
We human beings haven't been good friends to animals.For thousands of years，we have been polluting the environment，making it hard for animals to live on the planet.We have been killing animals for their fur，feathers or meat，or simply because they are dangerous.As a result，many kinds of animals have disappeared forever.Hundreds more are on the endangered list today.
Should we care about animals？Of course we should.If animals of a certain kind all disappear，they will never come back again.Animals are more than just resources of things we need.Every kind of animal has its place in the balance of nature.Destroying any kind of animal can lead to many problems.For example，when farmers killed large numbers of hawks（鹰），the corn and grain that the farmers stored were destroyed by rats and mice.Why？Because hawks eat rats and mice.With less and less hawks to keep down their numbers，rats and mice multiplied quickly.And if people kill too many birds，the fields will be bothered with insects.It is because birds eat insects.When there are less and less birds，more and more insects will eat the crops.
Luckily，we've realized that we shouldn't kill animals any more.And people are working hard to save those animals that would disappear soon.The government also passed laws to protect the endangered animals.In fact，quite a few countries have passed such laws.These laws forbid the killing of any kind of animal on the endangered list.We should try our best to protect and save the endangered animals.
8. Why do people kill animals？ ______
A. Animals cause endless trouble.
B. They kill animals for something they need.
C. Animals destroy their natural balance.
D. They kill animals to control their number.
9. The example that farmers killed hawks shows that ______ .
A. there are too many rats and mice
B. animals are very beautiful and interesting
C. animals are good food resources
D. every kind of animal is very important in nature
10. What can be learned from this text？ ______
A. Killing off one kind of animals would cause some new problems.
B. The endangered animals should be kept away from people.
C. People cared much about animals because they relied on them.
D. The number of dangerous animals increased too fast in the past.
11. What is the author's attitude towards the future of endangered animals？ ______
A. Doubtful. B. Uncaring. C. Optimistic. D. Negative.
D
Polar bears generally use sea ice to hunt （捕猎），but a newly discovered group has found another way.An isolated （与世隔绝的） population of polar bears has been discovered in a fjord （峡湾） in southeast Greenland，which is free of sea ice for most of the year.Polar bear generally need sea ice to survive，so the discovery is raising hopes that some kinds of the polar bears might survive the loss of sea ice caused by global warming.
Researchers found the population living in a fjord in the southeast Greenland，which is surrounded by mountains and an ice sheet to the west，and ocean to the east.The sea-ice coverage lasts for only around 100 days each year.With sea ice in the fjord becoming smaller because of global warming，the whole group were expected to die out by the end of this century.
But the isolated population has found a way to hunt without sea ice.The group，about 27 adult females，has been isolated from other polar bear populations along Greenland's east coast for at least 200 years.
Tracking data from marked bears proves that they don't move far.For example，when members of the group went out of the fjord，the ice on which they sat sometimes got caught in the rapid water flow. "Whenever this happened，they would get stuck and then，they would have to jump off，swim to the beach and walk back home empty-handed，" says lead author Kristin Laidre，an animal ecologist at the University of Washington in Seattle.
Though the researchers failed to video their hunting without sea ice，the existence of this small population in conditions of low sea-ice coverage suggests there is a chance that the population can survive，even as sea ice flows away to farther north each year.
12. What have the newly discovered polar bears found？ ______
A. A place filled with ice sheets.
B. A way to hunt without sea ice.
C. A way to track sea ice flowing away.
D. An ice sheet caught in the rapid water flow.
13. Why were polar bears in the fjord expected to die out？ ______
A. They are being hunted by human.
B. They have lost their source of food.
C. They can't stand the increasing heat.
D. The sea ice there is becoming smaller.
14. What can be inferred from the text？ ______
A. The bears can swim very far to hunt for food.
B. Kristin Laidre is negative about the future of the group.
C. Once the group went out of the fjord，they might get into trouble.
D. If the bears got caught in the rapid water flow，they wouldn't go home.
15. Which is the most suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Polar bear population can survive without sea ice
B. Sea ice is becoming smaller because of the global warming
C. Polar bear population may die out because of the global warming
D. A newly discovered polar bear population has been stuck in a fjord
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
I'm a hiker — "born to hike".It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail，especially when I'm alone and can let my mind wander where it will.（1） ______
Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise.As a professional writer，although I am busy with my work，I often spare some time to hike.（2） ______
（ 3） ______ Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress.But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature.
Hiking can increase our creativity.I'm sure I'm not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions.（4） ______ .Sometimes，ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I'm not deliberately thinking.
Hiking helps strengthen a positive relationship with the natural world.Besides being good for us，hiking may also help the world around us.After all，if we stick to walking and covering longer distances，we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint.（5） ______ For example，it increases our connection to nature.As one study suggests，when we have a personal connection to nature，we are more likely to want to protect it.That means experiences in nature — like hiking — can be mutually （相互地） beneficial，helping people and the earth.
So，grab a water bottle，a backpack…and head out on the trail.You won't be sorry you did.
A.Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy
B.Beyond that，hiking benefits our planet indirectly
C.Following are the benefits you can get from hiking
D.In fact，I've written many of my songs while hiking on a trail
E.It's easy for me to come up with creative ideas while sitting alone
F.It not just makes me feel good，but also helps me keep the brain in top shape
G.This all goes to show that hiking may be one of the best ways to move your body
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
I never knew how well music could unite everyone until one day.
On a recent grocery run，my son，Jack，asked me to（1） ______ Neil Diamond's "Beautiful Noise." Most 7-year-olds ask for a Disney soundtrack. （2） ______ Jack.From the time he was 3 years old，Jack was humming（哼） Neil Diamond's（3） ______ .
It didn't happen（4） ______ .Diamond's songs were just among the 1，500-plus tracks on our family iPod.But I quickly（5） ______ that Jack's love of Neil Diamond could become the（6） ______ that tied him to my（7） ______ father，who died when Jack was 4.
The legendary（8） ______ was among my dad's favorite artists.Every time he heard "Sweet Caroline，" Dad joined in for the chorus（9） ______ he was on stage at the Hollywood Bowl.Now when I catch that （10） ______ on our iPod—and hear Jack singing along—I feel（11） ______ connected to my dad.
It turns out，using music to strengthen familial （12） ______ isn't unfounded.Studies like this one，（13） ______ in Behavioral and Brain Sciences，show pre-school-age children form social bonds，based in part，on song.By age 2 or 3，kids can （14） ______ songs their caregivers sing with remarkable tone，and children show greater fluency in song than in speech.It suggests that music serves as a powerful tool to strengthen social connections，even when people are physically （15） ______ .
Now when hearing Jack singing Neil Diamond's songs，I join in and I feel certain，somewhere，somehow，my dad is singing along.
21. A. buy B. watch C. seek D. play
22. A. Not B. Still C. Even D. Rather
23. A. names B. hits C. stories D. poems
24. A. now and then B. by design C. by chance D. all the time
25. A. guessed B. estimated C. discovered D. predicted
26. A. thread B. net C. ring D. lock
27. A. present B. old C. artistic D. late
28. A. director B. actor C. singer D. writer
29. A. even if B. as if C. as long as D. in case
30. A. wire B. feeling C. switch D. tune
31. A. slightly B. pleasantly C. strongly D. heavily
32. A. positions B. attitudes C. ties D. opinions
33. A. made B. involved C. researched D. published
34. A. reproduce B. copy C. follow D. select
35. A. close B. distant C. disabled D. weak
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. A motto is a sentence or a phrase （1） ______ can inspire us especially when we are （2） ______ （face） with difficulties.Many of us have our mottoes，such as "Where there is a will，there is a way." or "（3） ______ （learn） is like sailing against the current；if you don't advance，you will retreat." and so on.My motto is "God helps those who help themselves."Sometimes I am lazy and don't want to make efforts （4） ______ （work） hard，（ 5） ______ the moment I think of my motto I will get energetic again and devote myself （6） ______ what I am doing.I write my motto where I can see it （7） ______ （easy）.Every time I fail in my exam and begin to lose heart，the sight of my motto inspires me with much （8） ______ （confident）.My motto also makes me become （9） ______ independent person.
My friends，what is your motto？If you still haven't got a motto，please choose （10） ______ because a motto can have a great effect on you.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假设你和你的舍友李明一起去饮水机接开水，李明的手不小心被开水烫伤。于是你对他实施了必要的急救。请你结合此事，用英语写一篇短文，向学校英文报Teens投稿，主要内容包括：
（1）描述事故发生的经过；
（2）你是如何实施急救的；
（3）简要谈谈你对掌握一定急救知识的重要性的认识。
参考词汇：water dispenser饮水机；vacuum cup保温杯
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a lovely spring morning in the mountains of my home.Here was full of natural atmosphere.The sky was blue，the sun was warm，and the air was fresh.As driving along the winding road，I could see thousands of wild flowers in bloom.When I turned round，I slowed down as I saw some volunteers picking up garbage along the side of the road.I just smiled as I saw them doing some cleaning in spring for Mother Earth and my mind suddenly floated back in time to another spring morning long ago.
When my children were younger，I used to walk along a small route around the lake near my home.It was also on a spring morning that I noticed much garbage lying along the route.The next day，I brought a big garbage bag and started to slowly pick up the garbage along my way.All kinds of deserted objects lay all over the floor.There were pop cans，plastic water bottles，wrappers for candy bars，empty chip bags，pieces of broken fishing line and even an old shoe.Every time I stopped，I picked up a piece of garbage.And I even fished some garbage out of the edge of the water.By the time I circled the lake，the garbage bag had been nearly full.
Tired but happy，I put the bag in an empty garbage can.I stopped before I headed home and took one last look at the lake as the sun set.It looked more beautiful than ever and I felt like the angels were looking down upon it with me and sharing my smiles.
I always think that at times this world's problems can seem overwhelming and you may wonder what you can do to make a difference.But the truth is that every good thing you do matters a lot!I do believe every time I stop to pick up a single piece of garbage，I can make a difference.As my children are adults now，I decide to spend more time protecting the environment.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I begin to encourage others to develop the environmental awareness.____________
Many days have passed，and the surroundings have improved a lot.____________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Kasmin Sculpture Garden （New York City）部分中的Owned and operated by Kasmin Gallery，this exhibition space can be viewed from the nearby High Line. （这个展览空间由Kasmin画廊拥有和运营，可以从附近的高线观看。）可知，关于曼哈顿切尔西社区的花园，我们可以了解到它由Kasmin画廊运营。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Storm King Art Center （New Windsor）部分中By far the most popular sculpture park in upstate New York，it is a 500-acre sculpture park in Hudson Valley. （它是纽约北部最受欢迎的雕塑公园，位于哈德逊谷，占地500英亩。）可知，Storm King Art Center位于哈德逊谷。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章的标题Olympic Sculpture Park （Seattle）部分This outdoor park was created by the nearby Seattle Art Museum and features a large red sculpture by AlexanderCalder called Eagle，as well as Wake by Richard Serra.（这个户外公园是由附近的西雅图艺术博物馆创建的，它的特色是亚历山大•考尔德的名为"鹰"的大型红色雕塑，以及理查德•塞拉的"Wake"。）可知你可以在Seattle看到sculpture Wake。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国最值得参观的公共雕塑公园。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】B、D、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中Unfortunately，his schoolteacher knew nothing about dyslexia （阅读障碍症），a learning disability that can make letters and numbers confusing.She didn't try to help him.（不幸的是，他的老师对阅读障碍症一无所知，这是一种会使字母和数字混淆的学习障碍。她没有试图帮助他。）可知，Willard的老师可以用unhelpful（不予帮助的）来描述。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段中Willard was especially curious about those ants.He felt like them—small and insignificant.（Willard对那些蚂蚁特别好奇。他觉得自己和它们一样——渺小而微不足道。）可知，Willard对给蚂蚁建房子感兴趣是因为他觉得他和蚂蚁看起来都不重要。故选D项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第二段中At school，Willard still struggled，but now he knew he could do something special.Maybe he wasn't a failure after all.If he had trouble with his reading or math，Willard would later go home and create tiny furniture for the ant houses.He even built an ant school，with teeny swings，ladders，seesaws，and a merry-go-round.His artistic skill increased，and a love for little things began to grow in his heart.（在学校，Willard仍然很努力，但是现在他知道他可以做一些特别的事情。也许他不完全是一个失败者。如果他在阅读或者数学方面有困难，Willard会之后回家，给蚂蚁房子创造小家具。他甚至建了蚂蚁学校，有极小的转身空间，梯子，跷跷板和旋转木马。他的艺术水平提高了，对小事物的喜爱也开始在他心中滋长。）可推断出，Willard在上学的时候发现了一种制作更好艺术品的方法。故选D项。
（4）推理判断题。根据第四段中But he says， "Success isn't about material things like an expensive watch or a costly ring；it's about persevering and achieving your dreams."（但他说："成功不是物质上的东西，比如一块昂贵的手表或一枚昂贵的戒指；它是关于坚持和实现你的梦想。"）可推断出，Willard可能会同意的说法是成功属于那些不放弃的人。故选B项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Willard Wigan自幼患有阅读障碍症。他爱上了创造微小的事物，比如给蚂蚁建一座"精装修"的房子。在妈妈的鼓励下，Willard努力成为一名微雕艺术家。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段We have been killing animals for their fur ，feathers or meat ，or simply because they are dangerous. 我们一直在为动物的皮毛、羽毛或肉而猎杀动物，或者仅仅因为它们很危险。可知，我们为了动物的皮毛、羽毛或肉而猎杀动物，故选B。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段For example ，when farmers killed large numbers of hawks （鹰），the corn and grain that the farmers stored were destroyed by rats and mice.Why ？Because hawks eat rats and mice.With less and less hawks to keep down their numbers ，rats and mice multiplied quickly.And if people kill too many birds ，the fields will be bothered with insects.It is because birds eat insects.When there are less and less birds ，more and more insects will eat the crops. 例如，当农民杀死大量的老鹰时，农民储存的玉米和谷物被老鼠和老鼠破坏了。为什么？因为老鹰吃老鼠和老鼠，随着越来越少的老鹰来控制它们的数量，老鼠和老鼠迅速繁殖。而且如果人们杀了太多的鸟，田野里就会有昆虫，这是因为鸟吃昆虫。鸟越来越少，昆虫就会越来越多地吃庄稼。可知，每一种动物都有他自己的作用，都很重要，故选D。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第二段Every kind of animal has its place in the balance of nature.Destroying any kind of animal can lead to many problems. 每种动物都在自然的平衡中占有一席之地，破坏任何动物都会导致许多问题。可知，猎杀某种动物可能会引发新问题，故选A。
（4）C.观点态度题。根据最后一段Luckily，we've realized that we shouldn't kill animals any more.And people are working hard to save those animals that would disappear soon.The government also passed laws to protect the endangered animals.In fact，quite a few countries have passed such laws.These laws forbid the killing of any kind of animal on the endangered list.We should try our best to protect and save the endangered animals.幸运的是，我们已经意识到我们不应该再杀动物了。人们正在努力拯救那些很快就会消失的动物，政府也通过了保护濒危动物的法律。事实上，很多国家已经通过了这些法律，这些法律禁止任何一种濒临灭绝的动物，我们都应该尽最大努力保护和拯救濒临灭绝的动物，可知，作者的态度是乐观的，A.Doubtful怀疑的；B.Uncaring不关心的；C.Optimistic乐观的；D.Negative消极的。故选C。
本文是一篇健康环保类阅读，文章告诉我们地球上的动物越来越少，号召我们保护动物。
阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解，根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。
12~15.【答案】B、D、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文第二段Researchers found the population living in a fjord in the southeast Greenland，which is surrounded by mountains and an ice sheet to the west，and ocean to the east.The sea-ice coverage lasts for only around 100 days each year.With sea ice in the fjord becoming smaller because of global warming，the whole group were expected to die out by the end of this century.（研究人员发现这些种群生活在格陵兰岛东南部的一个峡湾，西部被山脉和冰盖包围，东部被海洋包围。海冰覆盖每年只持续大约100天。由于全球变暖，峡湾的海冰越来越小，预计整个种群将在本世纪末灭绝。）结合第三段But the isolated population has found a way to hunt without sea ice.The group，about 27 adult females，has been isolated from other polar bear populations along Greenland's east coast for at least 200 years.（但孤立的族群找到了在没有海冰的情况下捕猎的方法。这群大约有27只成年雌性北极熊，已经与格陵兰岛东海岸的其他北极熊种群隔离了至少200年）可知，新发现的这一北极熊群体找到了这一种没有海冰的狩猎方式，所以答案为B。
（2）推理判断题。由本文第二段With sea ice in the fjord becoming smaller because of global warming，the whole group were expected to die out by the end of this century.（随着全球变暖，峡湾的海冰变少，预计整个群体将会在本世纪末消亡。）可知由于海冰变少，峡湾里的北极熊群里就可能会面临灭绝。所以答案为D。
（3）推理判断题。由本文倒数第二段For example，when members of the group went out of the fjord，the ice on which they sat sometimes got caught in the rapid water flow. "Whenever this happened，they would get stuck and then，they would have to jump off，swim to the beach and walk back home empty-handed，" says lead author Kristin Laidre，an animal ecologist at the University of Washington in Seattle.（例如，当北极熊群体的成员走出峡湾时，它们坐在上面的冰有时会被湍流的水流所困住。"每当这种情况发生时，它们就会被困住，而不得不跳下，游到海滩，空手回家，"西雅图华盛顿大学的动物生态学家Kristin Laidre说道。）可知如果北极熊群体走出峡湾，它们就会陷入困境。所以答案为C。
（4）标题判断题。由本文第一段Polar bear generally need sea ice to survive，so the discovery is raising hopes that some kinds of the polar bears might survive the loss of sea ice caused by global warming.（北极熊通常需要海冰才能生存，因此这一发现让人们燃起了希望，即某些种类的北极熊可能会在全球变暖导致的海冰减少中幸存下来。）可知本文主要讲述了研究者发现北极熊可能会在全球变暖导致海冰流失中幸存下来。所以以A．Polar bear population can survive without sea ice（北极熊种群可以在没有海冰的情况下生存）作为题目最合适。所以答案为A。
本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究者发现北极熊可能会在全球变暖导致海冰流失中幸存下来。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
16~20.【答案】C、F、A、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句I'm a hiker — "born to hike".It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail，especially when I'm alone and can let my mind wander where it will（我是一个徒步旅行者，"天生就是徒步旅行者"。带上背包，踏上一条小径，对我的身心都有好处，尤其是当我独自一人，可以让我的思绪随意漫游的时候），以及后文介绍的徒步旅行的好处，可知表示"以下是徒步旅行的好处"的选项C可以起到承上启下的作用，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise.As a professional writer，although I am busy with my work，I often spare some time to hike（徒步旅行比许多其他形式的运动更能让你的大脑保持敏锐。作为一名职业作家，尽管我忙于工作，但我经常抽出一些时间徒步旅行），可知表示"它不仅让我感觉良好，还帮助我保持大脑的最佳状态"的选项F可以承接前文，介绍自己徒步旅行的原因，故选F。
（3）主题判断题。根据后句Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress.But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature（一般来说，锻炼是减轻压力的好方法。但徒步旅行与其他形式的锻炼不同的是，徒步旅行几乎可以在任何地方进行，并给你从大自然中获得的快乐），可知表示"徒步旅行有助于让你保持平静和快乐"的选项A可以作为本段的主题，decrease stress和keep you calm and happy是关联词，故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据后句Sometimes，ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I'm not deliberately thinking（有时，即使我没有刻意思考，与音乐相关的想法也会无意识的出现），可知表示"事实上，我在小径上徒步旅行时写过很多歌"的选项D符合前后的语境，ideas relevant to music和written many of my songs是关联词，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据后句For example，it increases our connection to nature.As one study suggests，when we have a personal connection to nature，we are more likely to want to protect it.That means experiences in nature — like hiking — can be mutually （相互地） beneficial，helping people and the earth（例如，它增加了我们与自然的联系。正如一项研究所表明的，当我们与自然有个人联系时，我们更有可能想要保护它。这意味着在自然中的体验，比如徒步旅行，可以是相互有益的，帮助人类和地球），可知表示"除此之外，徒步旅行对我们的星球间接有益"的选项B符合前后的语境，和后文构成例证关系，故选B。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了徒步旅行的好处。
做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】D、A、B、B、C、A、D、C、B、D、C、C、D、A、B
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.buy买；B.watch观看；C.seek寻找；D.play玩，播放。根据本句句意"在去商店的路上……"可知，这里是儿子让我播放Neil Diamond的歌。play播放（歌曲），故选D。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.Not不；B.Still仍然；C.Even甚至；D.Rather相当。根据上文Most 7-year-olds ask for a Disney soundtrack.以及下文From the time he was 3 years old，Jack was humming（哼） Neil Diamond hits.可知Jack并非如此。Not Jack表示Jack并非如此，故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.names名字；B.hits热门歌曲；C.stories故事；D.poems诗歌。根据上文Jack was humming（哼） Neil Diamond's可知，Jack在哼尼尔•戴蒙德的热门歌曲。hit风行一时的流行歌曲或唱片，故选B。
（4）考查短语及语境理解。A.now and then不时；B.by design故意地；C.by chance偶然地；D.all the time一直。根据下文Diamond's songs were just among the 1，500-plus tracks on our family iPod.可知，Jack喜欢Neil Diamond并非有意而为之。by design故意的，有意而为，故选B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.guessed猜测；B.estimated估计；C.discovered发现；D.predicted预测。根据本句句意理解，但是我很快发现Jack对Neil Diamond的喜爱可能会成为把他和我已故父亲联系在一起的线索。discover发现。故选C。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.thread线，线索；B.net网；C.ring戒指；D.lock锁。根据本句句意理解，但是我很快发现Jack对Neil Diamond的喜爱可能会成为把他和我已故父亲联系在一起的线索。故选A。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.present现在的；B.old老的；C.artistic艺术的；D.late迟的。从后文who died可知应选late。late已故的，故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.director导演；B.actor演员；C.singer唱歌；D.writer作家。根据上文Neil Diamond's "Beautiful Noise"及下文的Diamond's songs和最后一段中的Diamond's songs可知，singer歌手，故选C。
（9）考查连词及语境理解。A.even if即使；B.as if好像；C.as long as只要；D.in case以防。根据本句句意，每次父亲听Sweet Caroline这首歌曲时，会跟着合唱，就好像他是在好莱坞露天剧场的舞台上一样。as if好像，故选B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.wire线；B.feeling感觉；C.switch开关；D.tune曲调。根据本句句意理解，当我在iPod上听到这首曲子以及听到Jack跟着唱时，我感到与父亲有强烈的联系。tune曲调，曲子，故选D。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.slightly轻微的；B.pleasantly愉快地；C.strongly强烈地；D.heavily重地。根据本句句意理解，当我在iPod上听到这首曲子以及听到Jack跟着唱时，我感到与父亲有强烈的联系。故选C。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.positions形势；B.attitudes态度；C.ties纽带；D.opinions观点。根据本句句意，事实证明，用音乐来加强家庭关系并不是没有根据的。ties联系，纽带，故选C。
（13）考查非谓语动词及语境理解。A.made使得；B.involved涉及；C.researched研究；D.published出版。根据常识以及上下文，这项发表在《行为与脑科学》杂志上的研究表明，学龄前儿童形成的社会纽带在一定程度上是基于歌曲。publish发表，故选D。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.reproduce重现，再制造，再现；B.copy复制；C.follow跟随；D.select选择。根据本句句意，到2岁或3岁时，孩子们可以用出色的音调重现他们的看护人唱的歌曲。故选A。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.close亲密的；B.distant遥远的；C.disabled残疾的；D.weak虚弱的。根据上文It suggests that music serves as a powerful tool to strengthen social connections.音乐是加强社会联系的有力工具，即使人们相隔甚远。故选B。
本文为记叙文。这篇短文主要讲述了音乐如何能够联结人们的故事。
做完形填空时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时首先通读全文，结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关信息进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在全文的背景下，关注上下文基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
36.【答案】【小题1】which/that
【小题2】faced
【小题3】Learning
【小题4】to work
【小题5】but
【小题6】to
【小题7】easily
【小题8】confidence
【小题9】an
【小题10】one
【解析】（1）考查定语从句。句意：座右铭是一个句子或短语，可以激励我们，特别是当我们面临困难的时候。此处为定语从从句，先行词为a sentence or a phrase，指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：座右铭是一个句子或短语，可以激励我们，特别是当我们面临困难的时候。be faced with…是固定短语，意为"面临……"，所以空格处用过去分词。故填faced。
（3）考查动名词。句意：我们许多人都有自己的座右铭，比如"有志者事竟成。"或"学习就像逆水行舟；不进则退。"等等。结合句意空处应填动名词形式，作主语，表示习惯性、经常性的动作，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Learning。
（4）考查动词不定式。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但一想到我的座右铭，我就会再次充满活力，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。结合句意空处应填不定式的形式to work，make efforts to do sth.意为"努力做某事"，固定搭配，不定式作目的状语。故填to work。
（5）考查转折连词。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但一想到我的座右铭，我就会再次充满活力，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。空前后语意是转折关系，应用表示转折关系的并列连词but。故填but。
（6）考查介词。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但一想到我的座右铭，我就会再次充满活力，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。结合句意及空前的devote myself可知应填介词to，devote oneself to...意为"全身心投入到……中"，固定搭配。故填to。
（7）考查副词。句意：我把我的座右铭写在容易看到的地方。结合句意空处应填副词形式easily，作状语，修饰动词see。故填easily。
（8）考查名词。句意：每当我考试失败，开始失去信心时，看到我的座右铭使我充满信心。结合句意及空前的with much，可知应填名词形式confidence，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填confidence。
（9）考查不定冠词。句意：我的座右铭也使我成为一个独立的人。表示"一个独立的人"应用不定冠词，表泛指，形容词independent首字母发音为元音音素，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
（10）考查指示代词。句意：如果你还没有座右铭，请选择一个，因为座右铭对你有很大的影响。结合句意此处表示众多座右铭中的任何一个，为泛指概念，应用指示代词one，相当于a motto。故填one。
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，文章主要讲的是座右铭对于作者的重大影响。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】One day，Li Ming and I were getting boiled water in the water dispenser when suddenly the boiling water burnt his hands.（描述事故发生的经过）
The burn was so serious that the skin was red and swollen.However，I managed to keep calm，quickly recalling what I had learnt in my first-aid class.【高分句型一】I placed his hands under the cool running water right away to ease his pain.Afterwards，I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital where he received further treatment.【高分句型二】（你是如何实施急救的）
After checking carefully，the doctor said because of my correct and timely treatment，Li Ming would recover soon.Only then was I aware how important and practical a basic knowledge of first aid was.（简要谈谈你对掌握一定急救知识的重要性的认识）
【解析】高分句型一 However，I managed to keep calm，quickly recalling what I had learnt in my first-aid class.
翻译：然而，我设法保持冷静，很快回忆起我在急救课上学到的东西。
分析：句中使用了现在分词短语recalling what I had learnt in my first-aid class作状语。
高分句型二 Afterwards，I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital where he received further treatment.
翻译：之后，我叫了一辆出租车，把他送到医院，在那里他接受了进一步的治疗。
分析：句中使用了where引导的定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】I begin to encourage others to develop the environmental awareness.I know that there is power in numbers，and I want to get as many people involved as possible.【高分句型一】I've convinced my children to take action with me like I did before.We learn to make many cards to hand out to people，with some words about environment protection written on them.We've also set up signs around the lake to remind people to pay attention to the environment.Other members of my family also go to the lake to pick up garbage on weekends.（描写作者是如何鼓励其他人加入自己的）
Many days have passed，and the surroundings have improved a lot.Thanks to our efforts，the lake has taken on a new look.The surroundings are clearer and there is no more garbage floating on its water.There is little garbage on either side of the road along the lake.It is surprising that many people take their garbage away.【高分句型二】Few people drop garbage here.I am pleased to note that more people actively volunteer to pick up the garbage.This gives us more confidence to protect our nearby environment.（描写作者他们的努力对环境的影响）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在山上散步时，注意到沿途有许多垃圾，于是作者第二天带了一个大垃圾袋，开始慢慢地沿途捡垃圾。此后，作者决定花更多的时间来保护环境，并号召其他人的加入。
高分句型一：I know that there is power in numbers，and I want to get as many people involved as possible.
翻译：我知道人多力量大，我想让尽可能多的人参与进来。
分析：本句运用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：It is surprising that many people take their garbage away.
翻译：令人惊讶的是，许多人把垃圾带走。
分析：本句运用了it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正主语。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年河南省郑州重点中学高二（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Top Public Sculpture Parks to Visit in America
Kasmin Sculpture Garden （New York City）
This quiet sculpture garden in Manhattan's Chelsea neighborhood is far from the crowds.Owned and operated by Kasmin Gallery，this exhibition space can be viewed from the nearby High Line.It is designed by Future Green，a Brooklyn landscape architect studio，and it stands beside a famous building designed by Zaha Hadid.There's a current exhibition featuring bronze （例） sculptures by Alma Allen，which shows the artist's regard for Utah.
Tippet Rise Art Center （Fishtail）
This sculpture garden is worth the trip to the Beartooth Mountains in Fishtail.It is a 12，500-acre ranch （牧场），which is peppered with public art，including sculptures by Mark di Suvero，among others.This summer，the ranch will be open to those who are hiking or traveling by bike.
Storm King Art Center （New Windsor）
By far the most popular sculpture park in upstate New York，it is a 500-acre sculpture park in Hudson Valley.Since opening in 1960，it has grown to include dozens of sculptures that change over time.In its collection，the park owns sculptures by famous artists including Carl Andre，Louise Bourgeois，and Daniel Buren.
Olympic Sculpture Park （Seattle）
This outdoor park was created by the nearby Seattle Art Museum and features a large red sculpture by AlexanderCalder called Eagle，as well as Wake by Richard Serra.Since 2007，this waterfront park has brought creativity to Elliott Bay.The landscape design fits in with the local roads and skyline，facing the harbor in what's recognized as Seattle's largest downtown green space.
1. What can be learned about the garden in Manhattan's Chelsea neighborhood？ ______
A. It is run by Kasmin Gallery.
B. It is designed by Zaha Hadid.
C. It has become a part of the High Line.
D. It stands for Alma Allen's respect for Utah.
2. Which of the following parks is located in Hudson Valley？ ______
A. Kasmin Sculpture Garden. B. Tippet Rise Art Center.
C. Storm King Art Center. D. Olympic Sculpture Park.
3. Where can you see the sculpture Wake？ ______
A. In New York City. B. In Seattle.
C. In New Windsor. D. In Fishtail.
B
Five-year-old Willard Wigan struggled to tell the difference between an M and a W or a 6 and a 9.Unfortunately，his schoolteacher knew nothing about dyslexia （阅读障碍症），a learning disability that can make letters and numbers confusing.She didn't try to help him.Not surprisingly，Willard didn't like school.Usually，his mind drifted—to playing outside，to his dog Maxie，or to the ants that lived near his family's garden shed.Willard was especially curious about those ants.He felt like them—small and insignificant.Thus，when he noticed some ants trying to build a house，he decided to help them!Willard constructed a little building.Then he sprinkled sugar inside to encourage the ants to move in.When they did，Willard built more houses.
At school，Willard still struggled，but now he knew he could do something special.Maybe he wasn't a failure after all.If he had trouble with his reading or math，Willard would later go home and create tiny furniture for the ant houses.He even built an ant school，with teeny swings，ladders，seesaws，and a merry-go-round.His artistic skill increased，and a love for little things began to grow in his heart.
At age nine，Willard began carving faces on toothpicks.He discovered that his ability improved when he held his breath as he worked.When he quit school at age 15 to help support his family，Willard still spent his spare time carving.His confidence grew as more people appreciated his talent.Eventually，he quit his factory job to pursue his dream of becoming one of the best artists in the world.Now，years later，Willard carves the tiniest artwork in the world!His sculptures are so small that several can fit on a period at the end of a sentence.
Because of their beauty and rarity，his sculptures have made Willard a wealthy man.But he says， "Success isn't about material things like an expensive watch or a costly ring；it's about persevering and achieving your dreams."
Willard Wigan，microsculptor，has done just that.The man who felt small as a boy has shown the world that something small can really be BIG.
4. Which of the following best describes Willard's teacher？ ______
A. Sympathetic. B. Unhelpful. C. Impatient. D. Careless.
5. Why did Willard become interested in building homes for ants？ ______
A. Because he had a love for little things.
B. Because he was absent-minded in class.
C. Because he wouldn't have to struggle at school.
D. Because he thought they both seemed unimportant.
6. What can we infer from the text？ ______
A. Willard gave up his study in school to pursue his dream.
B. Willard became popular when more people appreciated his work.
C. Willard was able to carve small artwork in a short period of time.
D. Willard found a way to make better artwork when he was at school.
7. Which of the following may Willard agree with？ ______
A. Failure is the mother of success.
B. Success belongs to those who don't give up.
C. Dreaming big is the first step in achieving your goals.
D. Talent is sometimes more important for success than hard work.
C
We human beings haven't been good friends to animals.For thousands of years，we have been polluting the environment，making it hard for animals to live on the planet.We have been killing animals for their fur，feathers or meat，or simply because they are dangerous.As a result，many kinds of animals have disappeared forever.Hundreds more are on the endangered list today.
Should we care about animals？Of course we should.If animals of a certain kind all disappear，they will never come back again.Animals are more than just resources of things we need.Every kind of animal has its place in the balance of nature.Destroying any kind of animal can lead to many problems.For example，when farmers killed large numbers of hawks（鹰），the corn and grain that the farmers stored were destroyed by rats and mice.Why？Because hawks eat rats and mice.With less and less hawks to keep down their numbers，rats and mice multiplied quickly.And if people kill too many birds，the fields will be bothered with insects.It is because birds eat insects.When there are less and less birds，more and more insects will eat the crops.
Luckily，we've realized that we shouldn't kill animals any more.And people are working hard to save those animals that would disappear soon.The government also passed laws to protect the endangered animals.In fact，quite a few countries have passed such laws.These laws forbid the killing of any kind of animal on the endangered list.We should try our best to protect and save the endangered animals.
8. Why do people kill animals？ ______
A. Animals cause endless trouble.
B. They kill animals for something they need.
C. Animals destroy their natural balance.
D. They kill animals to control their number.
9. The example that farmers killed hawks shows that ______ .
A. there are too many rats and mice
B. animals are very beautiful and interesting
C. animals are good food resources
D. every kind of animal is very important in nature
10. What can be learned from this text？ ______
A. Killing off one kind of animals would cause some new problems.
B. The endangered animals should be kept away from people.
C. People cared much about animals because they relied on them.
D. The number of dangerous animals increased too fast in the past.
11. What is the author's attitude towards the future of endangered animals？ ______
A. Doubtful. B. Uncaring. C. Optimistic. D. Negative.
D
Polar bears generally use sea ice to hunt （捕猎），but a newly discovered group has found another way.An isolated （与世隔绝的） population of polar bears has been discovered in a fjord （峡湾） in southeast Greenland，which is free of sea ice for most of the year.Polar bear generally need sea ice to survive，so the discovery is raising hopes that some kinds of the polar bears might survive the loss of sea ice caused by global warming.
Researchers found the population living in a fjord in the southeast Greenland，which is surrounded by mountains and an ice sheet to the west，and ocean to the east.The sea-ice coverage lasts for only around 100 days each year.With sea ice in the fjord becoming smaller because of global warming，the whole group were expected to die out by the end of this century.
But the isolated population has found a way to hunt without sea ice.The group，about 27 adult females，has been isolated from other polar bear populations along Greenland's east coast for at least 200 years.
Tracking data from marked bears proves that they don't move far.For example，when members of the group went out of the fjord，the ice on which they sat sometimes got caught in the rapid water flow. "Whenever this happened，they would get stuck and then，they would have to jump off，swim to the beach and walk back home empty-handed，" says lead author Kristin Laidre，an animal ecologist at the University of Washington in Seattle.
Though the researchers failed to video their hunting without sea ice，the existence of this small population in conditions of low sea-ice coverage suggests there is a chance that the population can survive，even as sea ice flows away to farther north each year.
12. What have the newly discovered polar bears found？ ______
A. A place filled with ice sheets.
B. A way to hunt without sea ice.
C. A way to track sea ice flowing away.
D. An ice sheet caught in the rapid water flow.
13. Why were polar bears in the fjord expected to die out？ ______
A. They are being hunted by human.
B. They have lost their source of food.
C. They can't stand the increasing heat.
D. The sea ice there is becoming smaller.
14. What can be inferred from the text？ ______
A. The bears can swim very far to hunt for food.
B. Kristin Laidre is negative about the future of the group.
C. Once the group went out of the fjord，they might get into trouble.
D. If the bears got caught in the rapid water flow，they wouldn't go home.
15. Which is the most suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Polar bear population can survive without sea ice
B. Sea ice is becoming smaller because of the global warming
C. Polar bear population may die out because of the global warming
D. A newly discovered polar bear population has been stuck in a fjord
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
I'm a hiker — "born to hike".It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail，especially when I'm alone and can let my mind wander where it will.（1） ______
Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise.As a professional writer，although I am busy with my work，I often spare some time to hike.（2） ______
（ 3） ______ Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress.But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature.
Hiking can increase our creativity.I'm sure I'm not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions.（4） ______ .Sometimes，ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I'm not deliberately thinking.
Hiking helps strengthen a positive relationship with the natural world.Besides being good for us，hiking may also help the world around us.After all，if we stick to walking and covering longer distances，we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint.（5） ______ For example，it increases our connection to nature.As one study suggests，when we have a personal connection to nature，we are more likely to want to protect it.That means experiences in nature — like hiking — can be mutually （相互地） beneficial，helping people and the earth.
So，grab a water bottle，a backpack…and head out on the trail.You won't be sorry you did.
A.Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy
B.Beyond that，hiking benefits our planet indirectly
C.Following are the benefits you can get from hiking
D.In fact，I've written many of my songs while hiking on a trail
E.It's easy for me to come up with creative ideas while sitting alone
F.It not just makes me feel good，but also helps me keep the brain in top shape
G.This all goes to show that hiking may be one of the best ways to move your body
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
I never knew how well music could unite everyone until one day.
On a recent grocery run，my son，Jack，asked me to（1） ______ Neil Diamond's "Beautiful Noise." Most 7-year-olds ask for a Disney soundtrack. （2） ______ Jack.From the time he was 3 years old，Jack was humming（哼） Neil Diamond's（3） ______ .
It didn't happen（4） ______ .Diamond's songs were just among the 1，500-plus tracks on our family iPod.But I quickly（5） ______ that Jack's love of Neil Diamond could become the（6） ______ that tied him to my（7） ______ father，who died when Jack was 4.
The legendary（8） ______ was among my dad's favorite artists.Every time he heard "Sweet Caroline，" Dad joined in for the chorus（9） ______ he was on stage at the Hollywood Bowl.Now when I catch that （10） ______ on our iPod—and hear Jack singing along—I feel（11） ______ connected to my dad.
It turns out，using music to strengthen familial （12） ______ isn't unfounded.Studies like this one，（13） ______ in Behavioral and Brain Sciences，show pre-school-age children form social bonds，based in part，on song.By age 2 or 3，kids can （14） ______ songs their caregivers sing with remarkable tone，and children show greater fluency in song than in speech.It suggests that music serves as a powerful tool to strengthen social connections，even when people are physically （15） ______ .
Now when hearing Jack singing Neil Diamond's songs，I join in and I feel certain，somewhere，somehow，my dad is singing along.
21. A. buy B. watch C. seek D. play
22. A. Not B. Still C. Even D. Rather
23. A. names B. hits C. stories D. poems
24. A. now and then B. by design C. by chance D. all the time
25. A. guessed B. estimated C. discovered D. predicted
26. A. thread B. net C. ring D. lock
27. A. present B. old C. artistic D. late
28. A. director B. actor C. singer D. writer
29. A. even if B. as if C. as long as D. in case
30. A. wire B. feeling C. switch D. tune
31. A. slightly B. pleasantly C. strongly D. heavily
32. A. positions B. attitudes C. ties D. opinions
33. A. made B. involved C. researched D. published
34. A. reproduce B. copy C. follow D. select
35. A. close B. distant C. disabled D. weak
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. A motto is a sentence or a phrase （1） ______ can inspire us especially when we are （2） ______ （face） with difficulties.Many of us have our mottoes，such as "Where there is a will，there is a way." or "（3） ______ （learn） is like sailing against the current；if you don't advance，you will retreat." and so on.My motto is "God helps those who help themselves."Sometimes I am lazy and don't want to make efforts （4） ______ （work） hard，（ 5） ______ the moment I think of my motto I will get energetic again and devote myself （6） ______ what I am doing.I write my motto where I can see it （7） ______ （easy）.Every time I fail in my exam and begin to lose heart，the sight of my motto inspires me with much （8） ______ （confident）.My motto also makes me become （9） ______ independent person.
My friends，what is your motto？If you still haven't got a motto，please choose （10） ______ because a motto can have a great effect on you.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假设你和你的舍友李明一起去饮水机接开水，李明的手不小心被开水烫伤。于是你对他实施了必要的急救。请你结合此事，用英语写一篇短文，向学校英文报Teens投稿，主要内容包括：
（1）描述事故发生的经过；
（2）你是如何实施急救的；
（3）简要谈谈你对掌握一定急救知识的重要性的认识。
参考词汇：water dispenser饮水机；vacuum cup保温杯
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a lovely spring morning in the mountains of my home.Here was full of natural atmosphere.The sky was blue，the sun was warm，and the air was fresh.As driving along the winding road，I could see thousands of wild flowers in bloom.When I turned round，I slowed down as I saw some volunteers picking up garbage along the side of the road.I just smiled as I saw them doing some cleaning in spring for Mother Earth and my mind suddenly floated back in time to another spring morning long ago.
When my children were younger，I used to walk along a small route around the lake near my home.It was also on a spring morning that I noticed much garbage lying along the route.The next day，I brought a big garbage bag and started to slowly pick up the garbage along my way.All kinds of deserted objects lay all over the floor.There were pop cans，plastic water bottles，wrappers for candy bars，empty chip bags，pieces of broken fishing line and even an old shoe.Every time I stopped，I picked up a piece of garbage.And I even fished some garbage out of the edge of the water.By the time I circled the lake，the garbage bag had been nearly full.
Tired but happy，I put the bag in an empty garbage can.I stopped before I headed home and took one last look at the lake as the sun set.It looked more beautiful than ever and I felt like the angels were looking down upon it with me and sharing my smiles.
I always think that at times this world's problems can seem overwhelming and you may wonder what you can do to make a difference.But the truth is that every good thing you do matters a lot!I do believe every time I stop to pick up a single piece of garbage，I can make a difference.As my children are adults now，I decide to spend more time protecting the environment.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I begin to encourage others to develop the environmental awareness.____________
Many days have passed，and the surroundings have improved a lot.____________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Kasmin Sculpture Garden （New York City）部分中的Owned and operated by Kasmin Gallery，this exhibition space can be viewed from the nearby High Line. （这个展览空间由Kasmin画廊拥有和运营，可以从附近的高线观看。）可知，关于曼哈顿切尔西社区的花园，我们可以了解到它由Kasmin画廊运营。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Storm King Art Center （New Windsor）部分中By far the most popular sculpture park in upstate New York，it is a 500-acre sculpture park in Hudson Valley. （它是纽约北部最受欢迎的雕塑公园，位于哈德逊谷，占地500英亩。）可知，Storm King Art Center位于哈德逊谷。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章的标题Olympic Sculpture Park （Seattle）部分This outdoor park was created by the nearby Seattle Art Museum and features a large red sculpture by AlexanderCalder called Eagle，as well as Wake by Richard Serra.（这个户外公园是由附近的西雅图艺术博物馆创建的，它的特色是亚历山大•考尔德的名为"鹰"的大型红色雕塑，以及理查德•塞拉的"Wake"。）可知你可以在Seattle看到sculpture Wake。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国最值得参观的公共雕塑公园。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】B、D、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中Unfortunately，his schoolteacher knew nothing about dyslexia （阅读障碍症），a learning disability that can make letters and numbers confusing.She didn't try to help him.（不幸的是，他的老师对阅读障碍症一无所知，这是一种会使字母和数字混淆的学习障碍。她没有试图帮助他。）可知，Willard的老师可以用unhelpful（不予帮助的）来描述。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段中Willard was especially curious about those ants.He felt like them—small and insignificant.（Willard对那些蚂蚁特别好奇。他觉得自己和它们一样——渺小而微不足道。）可知，Willard对给蚂蚁建房子感兴趣是因为他觉得他和蚂蚁看起来都不重要。故选D项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第二段中At school，Willard still struggled，but now he knew he could do something special.Maybe he wasn't a failure after all.If he had trouble with his reading or math，Willard would later go home and create tiny furniture for the ant houses.He even built an ant school，with teeny swings，ladders，seesaws，and a merry-go-round.His artistic skill increased，and a love for little things began to grow in his heart.（在学校，Willard仍然很努力，但是现在他知道他可以做一些特别的事情。也许他不完全是一个失败者。如果他在阅读或者数学方面有困难，Willard会之后回家，给蚂蚁房子创造小家具。他甚至建了蚂蚁学校，有极小的转身空间，梯子，跷跷板和旋转木马。他的艺术水平提高了，对小事物的喜爱也开始在他心中滋长。）可推断出，Willard在上学的时候发现了一种制作更好艺术品的方法。故选D项。
（4）推理判断题。根据第四段中But he says， "Success isn't about material things like an expensive watch or a costly ring；it's about persevering and achieving your dreams."（但他说："成功不是物质上的东西，比如一块昂贵的手表或一枚昂贵的戒指；它是关于坚持和实现你的梦想。"）可推断出，Willard可能会同意的说法是成功属于那些不放弃的人。故选B项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Willard Wigan自幼患有阅读障碍症。他爱上了创造微小的事物，比如给蚂蚁建一座"精装修"的房子。在妈妈的鼓励下，Willard努力成为一名微雕艺术家。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段We have been killing animals for their fur ，feathers or meat ，or simply because they are dangerous. 我们一直在为动物的皮毛、羽毛或肉而猎杀动物，或者仅仅因为它们很危险。可知，我们为了动物的皮毛、羽毛或肉而猎杀动物，故选B。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段For example ，when farmers killed large numbers of hawks （鹰），the corn and grain that the farmers stored were destroyed by rats and mice.Why ？Because hawks eat rats and mice.With less and less hawks to keep down their numbers ，rats and mice multiplied quickly.And if people kill too many birds ，the fields will be bothered with insects.It is because birds eat insects.When there are less and less birds ，more and more insects will eat the crops. 例如，当农民杀死大量的老鹰时，农民储存的玉米和谷物被老鼠和老鼠破坏了。为什么？因为老鹰吃老鼠和老鼠，随着越来越少的老鹰来控制它们的数量，老鼠和老鼠迅速繁殖。而且如果人们杀了太多的鸟，田野里就会有昆虫，这是因为鸟吃昆虫。鸟越来越少，昆虫就会越来越多地吃庄稼。可知，每一种动物都有他自己的作用，都很重要，故选D。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第二段Every kind of animal has its place in the balance of nature.Destroying any kind of animal can lead to many problems. 每种动物都在自然的平衡中占有一席之地，破坏任何动物都会导致许多问题。可知，猎杀某种动物可能会引发新问题，故选A。
（4）C.观点态度题。根据最后一段Luckily，we've realized that we shouldn't kill animals any more.And people are working hard to save those animals that would disappear soon.The government also passed laws to protect the endangered animals.In fact，quite a few countries have passed such laws.These laws forbid the killing of any kind of animal on the endangered list.We should try our best to protect and save the endangered animals.幸运的是，我们已经意识到我们不应该再杀动物了。人们正在努力拯救那些很快就会消失的动物，政府也通过了保护濒危动物的法律。事实上，很多国家已经通过了这些法律，这些法律禁止任何一种濒临灭绝的动物，我们都应该尽最大努力保护和拯救濒临灭绝的动物，可知，作者的态度是乐观的，A.Doubtful怀疑的；B.Uncaring不关心的；C.Optimistic乐观的；D.Negative消极的。故选C。
本文是一篇健康环保类阅读，文章告诉我们地球上的动物越来越少，号召我们保护动物。
阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解，根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。
12~15.【答案】B、D、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文第二段Researchers found the population living in a fjord in the southeast Greenland，which is surrounded by mountains and an ice sheet to the west，and ocean to the east.The sea-ice coverage lasts for only around 100 days each year.With sea ice in the fjord becoming smaller because of global warming，the whole group were expected to die out by the end of this century.（研究人员发现这些种群生活在格陵兰岛东南部的一个峡湾，西部被山脉和冰盖包围，东部被海洋包围。海冰覆盖每年只持续大约100天。由于全球变暖，峡湾的海冰越来越小，预计整个种群将在本世纪末灭绝。）结合第三段But the isolated population has found a way to hunt without sea ice.The group，about 27 adult females，has been isolated from other polar bear populations along Greenland's east coast for at least 200 years.（但孤立的族群找到了在没有海冰的情况下捕猎的方法。这群大约有27只成年雌性北极熊，已经与格陵兰岛东海岸的其他北极熊种群隔离了至少200年）可知，新发现的这一北极熊群体找到了这一种没有海冰的狩猎方式，所以答案为B。
（2）推理判断题。由本文第二段With sea ice in the fjord becoming smaller because of global warming，the whole group were expected to die out by the end of this century.（随着全球变暖，峡湾的海冰变少，预计整个群体将会在本世纪末消亡。）可知由于海冰变少，峡湾里的北极熊群里就可能会面临灭绝。所以答案为D。
（3）推理判断题。由本文倒数第二段For example，when members of the group went out of the fjord，the ice on which they sat sometimes got caught in the rapid water flow. "Whenever this happened，they would get stuck and then，they would have to jump off，swim to the beach and walk back home empty-handed，" says lead author Kristin Laidre，an animal ecologist at the University of Washington in Seattle.（例如，当北极熊群体的成员走出峡湾时，它们坐在上面的冰有时会被湍流的水流所困住。"每当这种情况发生时，它们就会被困住，而不得不跳下，游到海滩，空手回家，"西雅图华盛顿大学的动物生态学家Kristin Laidre说道。）可知如果北极熊群体走出峡湾，它们就会陷入困境。所以答案为C。
（4）标题判断题。由本文第一段Polar bear generally need sea ice to survive，so the discovery is raising hopes that some kinds of the polar bears might survive the loss of sea ice caused by global warming.（北极熊通常需要海冰才能生存，因此这一发现让人们燃起了希望，即某些种类的北极熊可能会在全球变暖导致的海冰减少中幸存下来。）可知本文主要讲述了研究者发现北极熊可能会在全球变暖导致海冰流失中幸存下来。所以以A．Polar bear population can survive without sea ice（北极熊种群可以在没有海冰的情况下生存）作为题目最合适。所以答案为A。
本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究者发现北极熊可能会在全球变暖导致海冰流失中幸存下来。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
16~20.【答案】C、F、A、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句I'm a hiker — "born to hike".It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail，especially when I'm alone and can let my mind wander where it will（我是一个徒步旅行者，"天生就是徒步旅行者"。带上背包，踏上一条小径，对我的身心都有好处，尤其是当我独自一人，可以让我的思绪随意漫游的时候），以及后文介绍的徒步旅行的好处，可知表示"以下是徒步旅行的好处"的选项C可以起到承上启下的作用，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise.As a professional writer，although I am busy with my work，I often spare some time to hike（徒步旅行比许多其他形式的运动更能让你的大脑保持敏锐。作为一名职业作家，尽管我忙于工作，但我经常抽出一些时间徒步旅行），可知表示"它不仅让我感觉良好，还帮助我保持大脑的最佳状态"的选项F可以承接前文，介绍自己徒步旅行的原因，故选F。
（3）主题判断题。根据后句Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress.But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature（一般来说，锻炼是减轻压力的好方法。但徒步旅行与其他形式的锻炼不同的是，徒步旅行几乎可以在任何地方进行，并给你从大自然中获得的快乐），可知表示"徒步旅行有助于让你保持平静和快乐"的选项A可以作为本段的主题，decrease stress和keep you calm and happy是关联词，故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据后句Sometimes，ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I'm not deliberately thinking（有时，即使我没有刻意思考，与音乐相关的想法也会无意识的出现），可知表示"事实上，我在小径上徒步旅行时写过很多歌"的选项D符合前后的语境，ideas relevant to music和written many of my songs是关联词，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据后句For example，it increases our connection to nature.As one study suggests，when we have a personal connection to nature，we are more likely to want to protect it.That means experiences in nature — like hiking — can be mutually （相互地） beneficial，helping people and the earth（例如，它增加了我们与自然的联系。正如一项研究所表明的，当我们与自然有个人联系时，我们更有可能想要保护它。这意味着在自然中的体验，比如徒步旅行，可以是相互有益的，帮助人类和地球），可知表示"除此之外，徒步旅行对我们的星球间接有益"的选项B符合前后的语境，和后文构成例证关系，故选B。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了徒步旅行的好处。
做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】D、A、B、B、C、A、D、C、B、D、C、C、D、A、B
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.buy买；B.watch观看；C.seek寻找；D.play玩，播放。根据本句句意"在去商店的路上……"可知，这里是儿子让我播放Neil Diamond的歌。play播放（歌曲），故选D。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.Not不；B.Still仍然；C.Even甚至；D.Rather相当。根据上文Most 7-year-olds ask for a Disney soundtrack.以及下文From the time he was 3 years old，Jack was humming（哼） Neil Diamond hits.可知Jack并非如此。Not Jack表示Jack并非如此，故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.names名字；B.hits热门歌曲；C.stories故事；D.poems诗歌。根据上文Jack was humming（哼） Neil Diamond's可知，Jack在哼尼尔•戴蒙德的热门歌曲。hit风行一时的流行歌曲或唱片，故选B。
（4）考查短语及语境理解。A.now and then不时；B.by design故意地；C.by chance偶然地；D.all the time一直。根据下文Diamond's songs were just among the 1，500-plus tracks on our family iPod.可知，Jack喜欢Neil Diamond并非有意而为之。by design故意的，有意而为，故选B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.guessed猜测；B.estimated估计；C.discovered发现；D.predicted预测。根据本句句意理解，但是我很快发现Jack对Neil Diamond的喜爱可能会成为把他和我已故父亲联系在一起的线索。discover发现。故选C。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.thread线，线索；B.net网；C.ring戒指；D.lock锁。根据本句句意理解，但是我很快发现Jack对Neil Diamond的喜爱可能会成为把他和我已故父亲联系在一起的线索。故选A。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.present现在的；B.old老的；C.artistic艺术的；D.late迟的。从后文who died可知应选late。late已故的，故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.director导演；B.actor演员；C.singer唱歌；D.writer作家。根据上文Neil Diamond's "Beautiful Noise"及下文的Diamond's songs和最后一段中的Diamond's songs可知，singer歌手，故选C。
（9）考查连词及语境理解。A.even if即使；B.as if好像；C.as long as只要；D.in case以防。根据本句句意，每次父亲听Sweet Caroline这首歌曲时，会跟着合唱，就好像他是在好莱坞露天剧场的舞台上一样。as if好像，故选B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.wire线；B.feeling感觉；C.switch开关；D.tune曲调。根据本句句意理解，当我在iPod上听到这首曲子以及听到Jack跟着唱时，我感到与父亲有强烈的联系。tune曲调，曲子，故选D。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.slightly轻微的；B.pleasantly愉快地；C.strongly强烈地；D.heavily重地。根据本句句意理解，当我在iPod上听到这首曲子以及听到Jack跟着唱时，我感到与父亲有强烈的联系。故选C。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.positions形势；B.attitudes态度；C.ties纽带；D.opinions观点。根据本句句意，事实证明，用音乐来加强家庭关系并不是没有根据的。ties联系，纽带，故选C。
（13）考查非谓语动词及语境理解。A.made使得；B.involved涉及；C.researched研究；D.published出版。根据常识以及上下文，这项发表在《行为与脑科学》杂志上的研究表明，学龄前儿童形成的社会纽带在一定程度上是基于歌曲。publish发表，故选D。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.reproduce重现，再制造，再现；B.copy复制；C.follow跟随；D.select选择。根据本句句意，到2岁或3岁时，孩子们可以用出色的音调重现他们的看护人唱的歌曲。故选A。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.close亲密的；B.distant遥远的；C.disabled残疾的；D.weak虚弱的。根据上文It suggests that music serves as a powerful tool to strengthen social connections.音乐是加强社会联系的有力工具，即使人们相隔甚远。故选B。
本文为记叙文。这篇短文主要讲述了音乐如何能够联结人们的故事。
做完形填空时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时首先通读全文，结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关信息进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在全文的背景下，关注上下文基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
36.【答案】【小题1】which/that
【小题2】faced
【小题3】Learning
【小题4】to work
【小题5】but
【小题6】to
【小题7】easily
【小题8】confidence
【小题9】an
【小题10】one
【解析】（1）考查定语从句。句意：座右铭是一个句子或短语，可以激励我们，特别是当我们面临困难的时候。此处为定语从从句，先行词为a sentence or a phrase，指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：座右铭是一个句子或短语，可以激励我们，特别是当我们面临困难的时候。be faced with…是固定短语，意为"面临……"，所以空格处用过去分词。故填faced。
（3）考查动名词。句意：我们许多人都有自己的座右铭，比如"有志者事竟成。"或"学习就像逆水行舟；不进则退。"等等。结合句意空处应填动名词形式，作主语，表示习惯性、经常性的动作，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Learning。
（4）考查动词不定式。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但一想到我的座右铭，我就会再次充满活力，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。结合句意空处应填不定式的形式to work，make efforts to do sth.意为"努力做某事"，固定搭配，不定式作目的状语。故填to work。
（5）考查转折连词。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但一想到我的座右铭，我就会再次充满活力，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。空前后语意是转折关系，应用表示转折关系的并列连词but。故填but。
（6）考查介词。句意：有时我很懒，不想努力工作，但一想到我的座右铭，我就会再次充满活力，全身心地投入到我正在做的事情中。结合句意及空前的devote myself可知应填介词to，devote oneself to...意为"全身心投入到……中"，固定搭配。故填to。
（7）考查副词。句意：我把我的座右铭写在容易看到的地方。结合句意空处应填副词形式easily，作状语，修饰动词see。故填easily。
（8）考查名词。句意：每当我考试失败，开始失去信心时，看到我的座右铭使我充满信心。结合句意及空前的with much，可知应填名词形式confidence，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填confidence。
（9）考查不定冠词。句意：我的座右铭也使我成为一个独立的人。表示"一个独立的人"应用不定冠词，表泛指，形容词independent首字母发音为元音音素，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
（10）考查指示代词。句意：如果你还没有座右铭，请选择一个，因为座右铭对你有很大的影响。结合句意此处表示众多座右铭中的任何一个，为泛指概念，应用指示代词one，相当于a motto。故填one。
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，文章主要讲的是座右铭对于作者的重大影响。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】One day，Li Ming and I were getting boiled water in the water dispenser when suddenly the boiling water burnt his hands.（描述事故发生的经过）
The burn was so serious that the skin was red and swollen.However，I managed to keep calm，quickly recalling what I had learnt in my first-aid class.【高分句型一】I placed his hands under the cool running water right away to ease his pain.Afterwards，I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital where he received further treatment.【高分句型二】（你是如何实施急救的）
After checking carefully，the doctor said because of my correct and timely treatment，Li Ming would recover soon.Only then was I aware how important and practical a basic knowledge of first aid was.（简要谈谈你对掌握一定急救知识的重要性的认识）
【解析】高分句型一 However，I managed to keep calm，quickly recalling what I had learnt in my first-aid class.
翻译：然而，我设法保持冷静，很快回忆起我在急救课上学到的东西。
分析：句中使用了现在分词短语recalling what I had learnt in my first-aid class作状语。
高分句型二 Afterwards，I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital where he received further treatment.
翻译：之后，我叫了一辆出租车，把他送到医院，在那里他接受了进一步的治疗。
分析：句中使用了where引导的定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】I begin to encourage others to develop the environmental awareness.I know that there is power in numbers，and I want to get as many people involved as possible.【高分句型一】I've convinced my children to take action with me like I did before.We learn to make many cards to hand out to people，with some words about environment protection written on them.We've also set up signs around the lake to remind people to pay attention to the environment.Other members of my family also go to the lake to pick up garbage on weekends.（描写作者是如何鼓励其他人加入自己的）
Many days have passed，and the surroundings have improved a lot.Thanks to our efforts，the lake has taken on a new look.The surroundings are clearer and there is no more garbage floating on its water.There is little garbage on either side of the road along the lake.It is surprising that many people take their garbage away.【高分句型二】Few people drop garbage here.I am pleased to note that more people actively volunteer to pick up the garbage.This gives us more confidence to protect our nearby environment.（描写作者他们的努力对环境的影响）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在山上散步时，注意到沿途有许多垃圾，于是作者第二天带了一个大垃圾袋，开始慢慢地沿途捡垃圾。此后，作者决定花更多的时间来保护环境，并号召其他人的加入。
高分句型一：I know that there is power in numbers，and I want to get as many people involved as possible.
翻译：我知道人多力量大，我想让尽可能多的人参与进来。
分析：本句运用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：It is surprising that many people take their garbage away.
翻译：令人惊讶的是，许多人把垃圾带走。
分析：本句运用了it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正主语。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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