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精品解析：山西省运城市康杰中学2022-2023学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份精品解析：山西省运城市康杰中学2022-2023学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了答题时使用0，保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
康杰中学2022—2023学年度第二学期第二次月考
高一英语试题
2023.5
本试题满分150 分，考试时间120分钟。听力计入总分(30分)，答案一律写在答题卡上。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。
2.答题时使用0.5毫米的黑色中性(签字)笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域(黑色线框)内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
4.保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选择最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C.
1. Where does the woman come from?
A. Spain. B. The United States. C. Mexico.
2. What is the correct order number for the purple teapot?
A. TP12SF. B. TP12FS. C. PT12FS.
3. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Buy cold medicine. B. Open a drugstore. C. Come home earlier.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a zoo. B. In a museum. C. In a restaurant.
5. What will the man do for the woman?
A. Teach her French.
B. Take the course with her.
C. Tell the stories in English.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选择最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does the man think of his weekend?
A. Satisfying B. Tiring. C. Boring.
7. What is the Italian city like?
A. Modern with tall buildings.
B. Ancient with a long history.
C. Crowded with heavy traffic.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Who did Nancy have dinner with?
A. A blind man. B. An old man. C. An officer.
9. How did Nancy feel when all the lights went out?
A. Nervous. B. Annoyed. C. Surprised.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What’s Brett just doing?
A. Buying an e-book reader.
B. Reading an e-book.
C. Downloading e-books.
11. What advantage of the e-book reader does Brett mention?
A. The large storage space.
B. The low cost in the long term.
C. The decrease in the use of paper.
12. Why does Fiona refuse to buy an e-book reader?
A. She doesn’t read much.
B. She likes printed books better.
C. She has enough books to read.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What’s the man’s dream?
A. To be an artist. B. To be a teacher. C. To be a scientist.
14. What do we know about Copernicus’ theory?
A. It proved that the earth was still.
B. It was influenced by Newton and Einstein.
C. It is the basis of ideas about the universe today.
15. What was thought to be the center of the universe at the time of Copernicus?
A. The earth. B. The sun. C. God.
16. Why did Copernicus publish his theory when he was dying?
A. He wasn’t sure of his theory until then.
B. He was afraid of being punished.
C. His friends told him not to publish it.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What difference does the speaker talk about first?
A. Weather. B. Traffic rules. C. The food.
18. What does the speaker think of the weather in London?
A. Changeable. B. Great. C. Uncomfortable.
19. When does the speaker finish work now?
A. At 5 p.m. B. At 8:30 p.m. C. At 9 p.m.
20. Where did the speaker use to go on Friday evening in America?
A. To the club. B. To the gym. C. To the restaurant.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams(1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson(1907-1964)
If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present)
When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks(1913-2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was,was tired of giving in,”said Parks.
1. What is Jane Addams famous for in history?
A. Her social work. B. Her teaching skills.
C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background.
2. What was the reason for O’Connor’s being refused by the law firm?
A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. The discrimination against women.
C. Her little work experience in court. D. The poor financial conditions.
3. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?
A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson.
C. Sandra Day O’Connor. D. Rosa Parks.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了对人类发展产生重大影响的四位女性Jane Addams、Rachel Carson、Sandra Day O’Connor以及Rosa Parks的故事，赞扬她们为人类进步所做出的巨大贡献。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.(任何曾经得到过社工帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams。)”可知，任何一个得到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams。由此可知，正是Jane Addams推动了社会工作的发展，她才因此而出名。故A正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.(1952年，当Sandra Day O 'Connor以全班第三名的成绩毕业于斯坦福法学院时，她找不到律师事务所的工作，因为她是女性。)”可知，因为是女性，Sandra Day O’Connor在律师事务所找不到工作。由此可知，律师事务所拒绝O’Connor主要是因为她是一位女性，也就是对妇女的歧视。故B项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.(它持续了一年多，并拉开了民权运动的序幕。Parks说：“我唯一感到疲倦的是，我厌倦了屈服。”)”可知，正是因为Rosa Parks的努力，美国的民权运动才得以推进，她对美国的人权运动做出了巨大的贡献。故D项正确。
B
During World War II, when Jane Goodall was 6, she was often woken by alarms. The sound warned that enemy planes were flying over her town. Her little sister would run to the bomb shelter. But Goodall refused to move, “I did not want to leave my bed,” she said. That same stubbornness (固执) led her to become the world’s best-known biologist. In 1960, she stayed for months in the forests of Tanzania in Africa, waiting for chimpanzees (黑猩猩) to accept her. When they did, Goodall was able to observe them up close and discover that they could use tools. In 1962, university professors criticized Goodall for using human names and emotions to describe chimps. “I was not against them,” she says. “I just quietly went on doing what I knew was right.” She believes that chimps are smart social animals, which is now widely accepted.
In 1986, Goodall went to a meeting on habitat loss that changed her ideas about nature. She not only just did research, but also began a schedule of travel and charity work. After 35 years, she’s still on the job. Goodall shares her life story to get people aware of environmental protection.
Before the COVID-19, Goodall traveled 300 days a year. She spoke at school gatherings and talk shows. Since March 2020, Goodall has suspended her travels. However, she has taken hotels and lecture halls as her bedroom for the past year and a half. Her determination to spread her message keeps her there for hours each day. Goodall does, on average, three virtual lectures or interviews between breakfast and bedtime. Her stories leave audiences feeling hopeful about our planet.
4. What does the author want to tell us in paragraph 1?
A. Goodall’s beautiful childhood was ruined.
B. Goodall has been determined since her childhood.
C. Goodall lived a poor life when she was little.
D. Goodall’s family were not pleased with her.
5. What did Goodall do to get along with chimpanzees?
A. She trained them to become smart.
B. She taught them to use tools.
C. She treated them almost as humans.
D. She observed them in the distance.
6. Why did Goodall start her travel and charity work?
A. To remind people of protecting the environment. B. To have a meeting on habitat loss.
C. To further her research about nature. D. To share her life stories in Tanzania.
7. What does the underlined word “suspended” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Remembered. B. Planned. C. Increased. D. Stopped.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍世界上最著名的生物学家Jane Goodall致力于生物研究和环境保护。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“During World War II, when Jane Goodall was 6, she was often woken by alarms. The sound warned that enemy planes were flying over her town. Her little sister would run to the bomb shelter. But Goodall refused to move, “I did not want to leave my bed,” she said. That same stubbornness (固执) led her to become the world’s best-known biologist. (第二次世界大战期间，6岁的珍·古道尔经常被闹钟吵醒。这声音警告说敌机正在她的城镇上空飞行。她的小妹妹会跑到防空洞。但古道尔拒绝移动，“我不想离开我的床，”她说。同样的固执使她成为世界上最著名的生物学家。)”可推断作者想告诉我们的是古道尔从小有坚定不移的意志力，这也让他成为了最著名的生物学家，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1962, university professors criticized Goodall for using human names and emotions to describe chimps. “I was not against them,” she says. “I just quietly went on doing what I knew was right.” She believes that chimps are smart social animals, which is now widely accepted. (1962年，大学教授批评古道尔用人类的名字和情感来描述黑猩猩。“我并不反对他们，”她说。“我只是静静地继续做我认为正确的事情。”她认为黑猩猩是聪明的群居动物，这一点现在已被广泛接受。)”可知古道尔对待黑猩猩几乎就像对待人类一样，故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“She not only just did research, but also began a schedule of travel and charity work. After 35 years, she’s still on the job. Goodall shares her life story to get people aware of environmental protection. (她不仅做了研究，还开始了旅行和慈善工作的计划。35年过去了，她还在工作。古道尔分享了她的生活故事，让人们意识到环境保护。)”可知古道尔开始她的旅行和慈善工作是为了提醒人们保护环境，故选A。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“However, she has taken hotels and lecture halls as her bedroom for the past year and a half. Her determination to spread her message keeps her there for hours each day. (然而，在过去的一年半里，她把酒店和演讲厅作为自己的卧室。她传播信息的决心让她每天在那里待上几个小时。)”可推测上文意思是自2020年3月以来，古道尔暂停了她的旅行。可知suspended意为“暂停”，同stop同义，故选D。
C
Art and science may seem like opposite things. One means the creative flow of ideas, and the other means cold, hard data — some people believe. In fact, the two have much in common. Now, a study finds art can help students remember better what they learned in science class.
Mariale Hardiman, an education specialist, noticed that students who used art in the class listened more carefully. They might ask more questions. They might volunteer more ideas. What’s more, students seemed to remember more of what they had been taught when their science lessons had involved art. To prove that, Hardiman teamed up with some researchers and six local schools.
In the experiment, the researchers worked with teachers in 16 fifth-grade classrooms. They provided traditional science lessons and art-focused ones. In a traditional science class, for example, students might read the information from a book aloud. In the art-focused one, they might sing the information instead.
The team randomly assigned(分配) each of the 350 students to either a traditional science class or an art-focused one. Students then learned science using that way for the whole unit — about three weeks. When they changed to a new topic, they also changed to the other type of class. This way, each student had both an art-focused class and a traditional one. Every unit was taught in both ways, to different groups of students. This enabled the researchers to see how students did in both types of classes.
The team found that students who started off in traditional classes performed better after they moved into an art-focused class. But those who started in an art-focused class did well even when they went back to a traditional science class. These students appeared to use some of the art techniques after going back to a traditional class. Classroom teachers reported that many students continued to sketch(画速写) or sing to help remember the information. “It suggests that the arts may help students apply creative ways of learning on their own,” Hardiman said.
8. How does the first paragraph develop?
A. By giving examples. B. By analyzing cause and effect.
C. By following space order. D. By making comparisons.
9. What can we learn from paragraph 2?
A. Students take an active part when their class involves art.
B. Students are more creative in art class than in science class.
C. Students’ learning ability depends greatly on class involvement.
D. Students remember things for a longer time if using art in class.
10. What were the students required to do in the experiment?
A. Learn three units in total.
B. Take two types of classes.
C. Learn two topics for three weeks.
D. Choose between a traditional class and an art-focused one.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. It is not easy to use art in science class.
B. Science plays an important role in creative thinking.
C. Art contributes to science learning.
D. Art-focused classes encourage teamwork.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术可以帮助学生更好地记住他们在科学课上学到的东西。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Art and science may seem like opposite things. One means the creative flow of ideas, and the other means cold, hard data—some people believe. (艺术和科学似乎是相反东西。一些人认为，前者意味着创意的流动，而后者意味着冷冰冰的数据。)”可知，第一段是通过把艺术和科学作比较来行文的。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Mariale Hardiman, an education specialist, noticed that students who used art in the class listened more carefully. They might ask more questions. They might volunteer more ideas. What’s more, students seemed to remember more of what they had been taught when their science lessons had involved art. (教育专家玛丽亚·哈迪曼注意到，在课堂上使用艺术的学生听得更认真。他们可能会问更多的问题。他们可能会主动提出更多的想法。更重要的是，当科学课涉及到艺术时，学生们似乎能记住更多的知识。)”可知，当科学课程涉及艺术时，学生上课时更加积极。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“This way, each student had both an art-focused class and a traditional one. Every unit was taught in both ways, to different groups of students. (这样一来，每个学生既上了艺术课，也上了传统的课程。每个单元都以两种方式教授给不同的学生群体。)”可知，学生们在实验中被要求参与两种类型的课程。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段末句“Now, a study finds art can help students remember better what they learned in science class. (现在，一项研究发现，艺术可以帮助学生更好地记住他们在科学课上学到的东西。)”可知，文章主要介绍了艺术可以帮助学生更好地记住他们在科学课上学到的东西。故选C。
D
You must have heard the predictions from some of the brightest minds about AI’s influence. Tesla and SpaceX’s chief Elon Musk worries that AI is far more dangerous than nuclear weapons. The late scientist Stephen Hawking warned that AI could serve as the “worst event in the history of our civilization” unless humanity is prepared for its possible risks.
But many experts, even those who are aware of such risks, have a more positive attitude, especially in health care and possibly in education. That is one of the results from a new AI study released on Monday by the Pew Research Centre.
Pew investigated the opinions of 979 experts over the summer, a group that included famous technologists, developers, innovators, business and policy leaders. The experts interviewed, some of whom chose to remain anonymous (匿名的), were asked to join in the discussion of a serious and important question: “By 2030, do you think it is most likely that advancing AI and related technology systems will improve human capacities and control them?”
Nearly two-thirds of experts predicted most of us will be mostly better off. But a third thought otherwise, and a majority of the experts expressed at least some concerns over the long-term impact of AI on the “essential elements (要素) of being human”. Among those concerns were data abuse (滥用), loss of jobs and loss of control brought by cybercrime (网络犯罪). Above all, by taking data in and spitting answers out, those “black box” tools make decisions in digital systems. It is the gradual removal of our ability to think for ourselves.
12. Why is Stephen Hawking mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. To prove great scientists care much about the future of AI.
B. To inform readers that a new AI age has come into view.
C. To warn humans to give up AI as soon as possible.
D. To introduce the main idea of the text that AI benefits the future
13. What is true of Pew’s study?
A. Most experts are certain that AI will be out of control.
B. Pew asked experts from different fields for opinions.
C. Pew concludes that humans will suffer from AI.
D. 33% of experts think AI will have little impact on humans.
14. Why are some experts concerned about “black box”tools?
A. Because they make decisions in digital systems.
B. Because they can take data in and spit answers out.
C. Because they may weaken our ability to think independently.
D. Because they may decrease humans’ welfare in the long term.
15. What is the purpose of the author in writing the passage?
A. To stop human developing AI.
B. To show readers how AI develops.
C. To tell readers the result of a study.
D. To encourage a public discussion.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一项新的人工智能研究开展的过程以及专家对人工智能的担忧。
12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“You must have heard the predictions from some of the brightest minds about AI’s influence. Tesla and SpaceX’s chief Elon Musk worries that AI is far more dangerous than nuclear weapons. The late scientist Stephen Hawking warned that AI could serve as the “worst event in the history of our civilization” unless humanity is prepared for its possible risks. (你一定听过一些最聪明的人对人工智能影响的预测。特斯拉和SpaceX的首席执行官埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)担心，人工智能远比核武器危险。已故科学家斯蒂芬·霍金警告说，除非人类对可能出现的风险做好准备，否则人工智能可能成为“我们文明史上最糟糕的事件”)”可推知，第一段提到了斯蒂芬·霍金是为了证明伟大的科学家非常担心人工智能的未来。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题题。根据第三段“Pew investigated the opinions of 979 experts over the summer, a group that included famous technologists, developers, innovators, business and policy leaders. (Pew在今年夏天调查了979名专家的意见，其中包括著名的技术专家、开发人员、创新者、商业和政策领袖)”可知，Pew向不同领域的专家征求意见。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题题。根据最后一段“Above all, by taking data in and spitting answers out, those “black box” tools make decisions in digital systems. It is the gradual removal of our ability to think for ourselves. (最重要的是，通过输入数据并输出答案，这些“黑匣子”工具在数字系统中做出决策。这是我们独立思考能力的逐渐丧失)”可知，那些专家担心“黑匣子”工具是因为它们可能会削弱我们独立思考的能力。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第二段“But many experts, even those who are aware of such risks, have a more positive attitude, especially in health care and possibly in education. That is one of the results from a new AI study released on Monday by the Pew Research Centre. (But many experts, even those who are aware of such risks, have a more positive attitude, especially in health care and possibly in education. That is one of the results from a new AI study released on Monday by the Pew Research Centre. (但许多专家，甚至是那些意识到这些风险的专家，都持更积极的态度，尤其是在医疗保健领域，可能还有教育领域。这是Pew研究中心周一发布的一项新的人工智能研究的结果之一)”可知，本文主要介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及专家对人工智能的担忧。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉读者一项研究的结果。故选C。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people connect gratitude with saying “thank you” to someone who helped us, making it a short act of appreciation. According to Robert Emmons, a leading researcher, gratitude is an emotion that can result in long-lasting positivity. ___16___
Gratitude is good for your health.
Through his research, Emmons found that grateful people reported feeling healthier and happier, both mentally and physically. ___17___ In the workplace, employees who are shown that they are appreciated are healthier and more productive by 50 percent.
___18___
Gratitude is a selfless act. We often take for granted the simple things in life. Those who recognize the goodness in life, no matter how simple, are more likely to be sensitive to the needs of others and to help whenever they can. Thinking about other’s opinion, experiences and backgrounds will make you a better person.
Gratitude makes us more self-aware.
Working in an ever-developing, fast-paced society, we are surrounded by ambitious people who are always struggling for more and better. ___19___ It starts by paying attention to what’s now going on in your life, and that’s true self-awareness is the key to being successful.
Gratitude helps us build strong relationship.
Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationship, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.
___20___ Taking the time to thank people for their work and kindness — whether it was today, last month or many years ago — makes you happier and more self-aware.
A. In fact, those who were grateful were 25 percent happier than those who weren’t.
B. Gratitude builds understanding.
C. The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry”, but the same is true of gratitude.
D. All in all, we feel and express our gratitude in different ways.
E. Gratitude makes you reflect (反思) in the moment instead of always thinking about the future.
F. Gratitude helps us build up self-confidence.
G. Here are a few benefits of being grateful.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. B 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了心怀感恩的益处，从而呼吁人们要学会感恩。
【16题详解】
根据上文“According to Robert Emmons, a leading researcher, gratitude is an emotion that can result in long-lasting positivity.”（根据著名研究人员罗伯特·埃蒙斯的说法，感恩是一种能够产生持久积极情绪的情感。）可知，感恩会带来长期的积极效应；根据后文的三个小标题“Gratitude is good for your health.”（感恩对你的健康有好处。），“Gratitude makes us more self-aware.”（感恩使我们更加自觉。），及“Gratitude helps us build strong relationship.”（感恩有助于我们建立牢固的关系。）可知，后文主要在论述感恩的益处，所以G选项“以下是感恩带来的一些益处。”总领下文，符合题意。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Through his research, Emmons found that grateful people reported feeling healthier and happier, both mentally and physically.”（通过他的研究，埃蒙斯发现，心存感激的人在精神和身体上都感觉更健康、更快乐。）可知，心怀感恩的人在生理和心理上都更加健康和快乐；根据下文“In the workplace, employees who are shown that they are appreciated are healthier and more productive by 50 percent.”（在工作场所，那些表现出被赏识的员工更健康，工作效率也提高了50%。）可知，感恩的人更健康工作效率更高；A选项中的“happier”与上文的happier对应，“ 25 percent”与下文的50 percent对应，即本段第一句是本段的主旨句，下文是通过数据进一步去论证主旨句，A项“事实上，那些心存感激的人比那些没有感激的人幸福25%。”切题。故选A项。
【18题详解】
本题设空处为段落小标题，结合已知的三个小标题可知，标题要说明的是感恩的益处；根据标题下方的“Gratitude is a selfless act. ”（感恩是无私的行为。）及“Those who recognize the goodness in life, no matter how simple, are more likely to be sensitive to the needs of others and to help whenever they can. Thinking about other’s opinion, experiences and backgrounds will make you a better person.”（那些认识到生活中美好事物的人，无论多么简单，都更有可能对他人的需求保持敏感，并尽可能地提供帮助。考虑别人的意见、经历和背景会使你成为一个更好的人。）可知，心怀感恩会让我们对别人的需求更加敏感，更加乐于帮助他人，多去考虑他人的想法、经历和背景，也就是能站在他人的立场看问题，从而能更好地理解他们，所以B选项“感恩构建理解。”概括了下文的内容，符合题意。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“It starts by paying attention to what’s now going on in your life, and that’s true self-awareness is the key to being successful.”（它从关注你生活中正在发生的事情开始，这就是真正的自我意识是成功的关键。）可知，我们要对关注当下的生活，并且自我意识是成功的关键；E选项中的“ reflect (反思) in the moment”与下文的paying attention to what’s now going on in your life对应，下文的It指的是就是E选项所说的“感恩让你反思当下，而不是总是思考未来”这件事，所以E选项符合题意。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“Taking the time to thank people for their work and kindness — whether it was today, last month or many years ago — makes you happier and more self-aware.”（花点时间感谢别人工作和好意——无论是今天、上个月还是多年前——都会让你更快乐、更有自知之明。）可知，作者建议我们去感激别人的付出和善意，不管这个付出和善意是今天的还是上个月的还是多年前的；C选项中的“never too late”与下文的whether it was today, last month or many years ago对应，“gratitude”与下文的“thank people”对应，且C选项表达的意思“老话说：“说对不起永远不晚”，但感恩也是如此。”概括了本段主要内容，总领下文。故选C项。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共三节，满分45分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Alexis Lewis, a 7-year-old girl, set out with her family on a trip to explore different parts of the country. During the hours on the road, her grandfather, a rocket scientist, would ____21____ cool ideas with Alexis about science. Eventually, everything her grandfather said ____22____ Alexis to become an inventor.
In the 2019 Kid Inventor’ Day event ____23____ on January 17th in New York,Alexis, 14, was one of the seven kid ____24____ who attended the event. With an audience of 200 people in ____25____ and more than 500 others watching on Facebook Live, Alexis talked about her award-winning invention, the Bamboo Travois(雪橇). It is a lightweight device made of bamboo, a net rope ____26____ wheels. A person can use the travois to carry someone else while walking long ____27____.
Alexis also ____28____ another one of her inventions: the Emergency Mask Pod. It is a football-shaped canister(小罐) that ____29____ a smoke mask and can be thrown through the window of a burning building. People inside the building can put on the mask to _____30_____ themselves from smoke inhalation(吸入). _____31_____ firefighters helped her test the invention by throwing it hundreds of times into the second storey windows of buildings.
The world _____32_____ new thinkers like Alexis and other young inventors who _____33_____ the event. Kids are the ones who can solve the _____34_____ that the older generation creates. It’s our job as adults to show kids the possibilities of _____35_____ they can make and create.
21. A. receive B. make C. draft D. share
22. A. praised B. inspired C. persuaded D. suggested
23. A. celebrated B. joined C. held D. created
24. A. nurses B. inventors C. scientists D. artists
25. A. silence B. trouble C. need D. person
26. A. instead of B. as well as C. thanks to D. except for
27. A. highways B. distances C. blocks D. voyages
28. A. made B. discovered C. gave D. presented
29. A. contains B. means C. avoids D. attaches
30. A. escape B. bring C. protect D. assist
31. A. Brave B. Generous C. Local D. Sensitive
32. A. desires B. obtains C. appears D. develops
33. A. knew B. caused C. directed D. attended
34. A. chances B. positions C. problems D. missions
35. A. what B. how C. why D. when
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个年轻的女孩Alexis Lewis在爷爷的鼓励之下喜欢上了发明创造并且参加了发明比赛，展示了她的两个发明作品。作为成年人，我们有责任让孩子们看到他们能创造的无限可能。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在路上的几个小时里，他的祖父，一位火箭科学家，会和Alexis分享他关于科学的酷想法。A. receive接受；B. make制作；C. draft起草；制定；D. share共享。根据“everything his grandfather said ___3___ Alexis to become an inventor.”可知，Alexis的爷爷给她分享了很多知识。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，祖父所说的一切激发了Alexis成为一名发明家。A. praised赞扬；B. inspired鼓舞；C. persuaded劝说；D. suggested建议。根据“During their many hours on the road, his grandfather, a rocket scientist, would ___1___ his cool ideas with Alexis about science.”及下文Alexis成为小发明家可以推知，因为受到了爷爷的启发和鼓励，Alexis成为了小发明家。inspire sb. to do sth.“激励某人做某事”。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年儿童发明家日活动于1月17日在纽约举行，14岁的亚历克西斯是参加活动的七位儿童发明家之一。A. celebrated庆祝；B. joined参加；C. held举办；D. created创造。根据下文“attended the event”可知， 此处说明这个赛事被举办。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. nurse护士；B. inventor发明家；C. scientists科学家；D. artist艺术家。根据下文“Alexis,17, was one of the seven kid inventors”可知，Alexis是参加比赛的7个儿童发明家之一。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现场有50名观众，还有100多人在Facebook Live上收看，Alexis讲述了他的获奖发明——竹制雪橇。A. silence沉默；B. trouble麻烦；C. need需要；D. person人。根据下文“more than many others watching on Facebook Live”可知，与观看网络直播的观众对照，这里指50人亲自到现场观看比赛。in person“亲自”故选D。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：这是一个由竹子，网绳和轮子制成的轻型设备。A. instead of代替；B. as well as也；C. thanks to由于；D. except for除了……之外。这里列举的三种物品是并列关系，所以应用介词词组as well as表示“也，而且”。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：走长路时一个人可以用雪橇拉着别人一起。A. highways高速公路； B. distances距离； C. blocks街区； D. voyages航行。根据上文“while walking long”可知，新雪橇应该是在长距离旅行中比较适用。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alexis还展示了他另一项发明：紧急面罩。A. made制作；B. discovered发现；C. gave给予；D. presented展示。从下文“It is a football-shaped canister”可知这里指Alexis展示了自己的另一项发明。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个足球状的小罐，里面包含一个防毒面罩，可以被扔进正在燃烧的建筑的窗户里。A. contains包含；B. means意味着；C. avoids避免； D. attaches使依附。根据设空处下文“a smoke mask”可知，此处在说明小罐里面包含的东西。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：建筑物内的人们可以戴上口罩，以保护自己不要吸入烟雾。A. escape逃脱；B. bring带来；C. protect保护；D. assist帮助。根据上文“People inside the building can put on the mask”可知，建筑里的人们可以戴上面具防止吸入烟尘。protect sb. from“保护某人免受……”。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当地消防队员帮助她测试了这项发明，把它扔进了二层楼的窗户里，扔了几百次。A. Brave勇敢的；B. Generous慷慨的；C. Local当地的；D. Sensitive敏感的。结合上下文并没有其他关于消防员的线索，只能是指当地的消防员帮助做了检测。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：世界需要Alexis这样有创意的人以及其他参加比赛的年轻发明者们。A. desires需要； B. obtain获得；C. appears好像；D. develops发展。根据下文“new thinkers like Alexis and other young inventors”可知，世界需要Alexis这样有创意的人以及年轻发明者。故选A。
33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个世界需要像Alexis这样的新思想家和其他参加这个活动的年轻发明家。A. knew知道；B. caused导致；C. directed指导；D. attended参加。根据前文“one of the seven kid ____4____who attended the event”可知，这里的“other young inventors”指的是与Alexis一起参加比赛的其他选手。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们能够解决上一辈人制造的问题。A. chances机会；B. positions位置；C. problems问题；D. missions任务。根据下文“the older generation creates”可知此处指孩子们能够解决问题。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：这是我们作为成年人的职责，向孩子们展示他们能够制作和创造的可能性。A. what什么；B. how如何；C. why为何；D. when何时。引导宾语从句，作从句的宾语，指物，所以用what。根据后文“they can make and create”可知，此处是指让孩子们看到他们创造无限可能。故选A。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing — Planetary scientists in China found hints of water “reservoirs (水库)” on the moon. Over billions of years, the surface of the moon ____36____(hit) by space rocks, causing the soil ____37____(melt) and be ejected (喷射) into space. Then it is cooled down and falls back to the lunar surface, ____38____(form) beads (珠子) of glass. The Chang’e 5 probe, ____39____ returned to Earth on Dec 17, 2020, brought back ____40____ total of 1,731 grams of rocks and soil from the lunar surface, including glass beads.
After looking into the glass beads from the sample, the international research team ____41____(find) that about one ton of glass beads may contain 0.5 kilograms of water. Hui Hejiu, one of the study authors said, “This ‘water’ wasn’t a liquid ____42____ instead took the form of hydrogen (氢气). The hydrogen ____43____(contain) in the glass beads can ____44____(easy) be turned into the water we can use.” If the water in the beads is easy to get, it will be a “really big deal” for deep space ______45______(explore) missions in the future.
【答案】36. has been hit
37. to melt
38. forming
39. which 40. a
41. found 42. but
43. contained
44. easily 45. exploration
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国的行星科学家在月球上发现了“水”的迹象
【36题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：数十亿年来，月球表面一直受到太空岩石的撞击，导致土壤融化并被喷射到太空中。设空处为谓语动词，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据时间状语Over billions of years，应用现在完成时，主语是单数，助动词使用has。故填has been hit。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。固定搭配cause sb. to do sth.“造成某人做某事”，不定式作补足语。故填to melt。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然后冷却下来，落回月球表面，形成玻璃珠。设空处为非谓语动词，和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填forming。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：嫦娥五号探测器于2020年12月17日返回地球，从月球表面带回了1731克的岩石和土壤，其中包括玻璃珠。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Chang’e 5 probe，指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同上。固定短语a total of“总数为”。故填a。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在对样品中的玻璃珠进行研究后，国际研究小组发现，大约一吨的玻璃珠可能含有0.5公斤的水。设空处为谓语动词，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填found。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：这种‘水’不是液体，而是氢的形式。分析可知，上下文是转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填but。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：玻璃珠中所含的氢可以很容易地转化为我们可以使用的水。设空处修饰hydrogen作定语，和hydrogen之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填contained。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。设空处修饰谓语动词be turned into，应用副词，作状语。故填easily。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果珠子里的水很容易获得，这将是未来深空探测任务的“真正大问题”。设空处修饰名词missions作定语，应用名词构成exploration missions，意为“探测任务”。故填exploration。
第三节 完成句子(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
46. Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa ________ ________ ________(已经受益于) the life-changing gift of clean, safe water. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. have ②. benefited##benefitted ③. from
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：今天，非洲16个国家的80多万人受益于清洁、安全的水这一改变生活的礼物。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，故使用现在完成时。表示“受益于”用benefit from。故答案为have；benefited/benefitted；from。
47. This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to ________ his dream ________ ________ (实现). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. make ②. a ③. reality
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这种见解来自于一个六岁男孩的坚定态度，他有勇气和毅力让自己的梦想成为现实。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语，与空前的to构成不定式结构。表示“实现梦想”用make one’s dream a reality。故填①make②a③reality。
48. He established an office to ______ ______ ______ (记录) the children, and then returned to Britain to find temporary homes for them. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. keep ②. records ③. of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他建立了一个办事处，记录孩子们的信息，然后回到英国为他们寻找寄养家庭。根据汉语提示“记录”以及空前的不定式符号to可知应填keep records of，to keep records of 在句中作目的状语。故填keep records of。
49. A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people ______ ______ ______ ______ (站起身来). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. rose ②. to ③. their ④. feet
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和短语。句意：Winton 震惊地看到在场的大多数人都站了起来。rise to one's feet意为“站起身来”。根据上文watched可知，这是描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填rose to ones feet。
50. It ________ ________ ________ (能够使用) GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology controlling its “legs”. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. is ②. capable ③. of
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：它可以通过GPS技术前往不同的地方，通过计算技术控制它的“腿”。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语。表示“能够使用”用be capable of。句子表示客观事实，故使用一般现在时。故填is capable of。
51. This was ________ ________ (无疑) the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times, which much later developed into the car. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. no ②. doubt
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这无疑是古代发明轮子的原因，很久以后轮子才发展成汽车。根据汉语提示应填no doubt“无疑”，符合句意，固定短语，故填no doubt。
52. In fact, ________ ________ ________ (不止一个) account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. more ②. than ③. one
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿确实是受到一个掉落的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明苹果砸到了他的头。分析句子，表示“不止一个”用more than one，修饰名词account。故填more than one。
53. Franklin, along with many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to ________ ________ ________(推定真理) and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. establish ②. the ③. truth
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：富兰克林和许多其他科学家一起，启发并教导我们，科学实验对于确立真理和为后来的科学发现和发明做出贡献是非常重要的。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语与空前的to构成不定式结构。表示“推定真理”用establish the truth。故填establish the truth。
54. Now, at the top of these stone stairs… ________ ________ ________ ________ (看看；注意) that! That huge sculpture you can see is the Winged Victory of Samothrace, or Nike of Samothrace! （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. get ②. a ③. load ④. of
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：现在，这些石头楼梯的顶部……，仔细看！你看到的那个巨大的雕塑是萨莫色雷斯的胜利之翼，或者胜利女神尼凯的雕像！分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，构成祈使句结构。表示“看看，注意”用get a load of。故填get a load of。
55. When I look into her eyes it seems she has ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (自己的主见)! （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. a ②. mind ③. of ④. her ⑤. own
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：当我看着她的眼睛时，她似乎有自己的想法。分析句子，设空处使用名词短语作宾语。表示“自己的主见”用a mind of her own。故填a mind of her own。
第四部分 写作(满分25分)
读后续写(满分25分)
56. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.
Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them.
One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy -his name was Bernard-had interested her very much.
“I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do.”
After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money,” said Clara. “His family is suffering so much.”
“So do I,” said Harry. “We really should do something to assist them.”
For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish(完成).”
The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do,” said John. “You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn(爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.”
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one, too.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too. So, they went to the local supermarket together. They bought a bag of corn and some special bags for popcorn. When they got home, they made a lot of popcorn and put it in the special bags. With the popcorn, they went to Bernard’s home. They told Bernard how to sell the popcorn. Bernard and his parents were very grateful. And the Meredith family also felt very happy to help this family.
With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. He took the popcorn around to the houses and sold all his popcorn. He earned a lot of money. Then, he wanted to be self-dependent. Therefore, he asked Mrs. Meredith to teach him how to make popcorn. After that, not only did he sell popcorn, but he also added cream and salt to the popcorn to make it taste better. Bernard grew up to be a remarkable man. He did not forget the help of Meredith’s family, and he also did what he could to help those in need.
【解析】
【分析】本文是根据短文进行续写，使之成为一个完整的故事。
【详解】1.认真读懂所给提供的材料:善良的Meredith一家住在一个小社区里，他们想帮助一个贫困的家庭。那家的男主人生病卧床，女主人要照顾丈夫、无法外出赚钱，家中的小男孩Bernard也做不了什么事情，生活十分困难。后来，Meredith的孩子想出了一个主意--制作爆米花，让Bernard去卖爆米花。
2.根据所给材料确定文章主题:Meredith如何通过制作和卖爆米花帮助Bernard一家摆脱困境的。
3.续写部分和前面的文章衔接得上，并且与原文情节发展和人物性格相一致，故事情节的向后延续发展要合乎情理。
4.根据第一段首句When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too.(当Meredith太太听到John的主意时，她也认为这是个好主意)可以针对如何实现制作爆米花这个提议展开构思；根据第二段首句With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.(一切准备就绪后，Bernard开始了他的新生意)可以针对Bernard如何通过卖爆米花让家庭摆脱困境展开构思。
5.续写的语言要尽可能与原文的语言保持风格上的一致。文章时态以一般过去时为主。应使用自己熟悉的句型和短语进行写作，考生要注意尽可能使句子的表达形式多样化，适当的使用一些高级句式和高级词汇，以提高书面表达的档次和可读性。作文要层次清晰，要点全面，表达流畅，切合题干要求，句子结构准确，适当补充信息，使篇章结构连贯。
听力答案：1-5 CBAAC 6-10 ABCBC 11-15 ABCCA 16-20 BBCAB
康杰中学2022—2023学年度第二学期第二次月考
高一英语试题
2023.5
本试题满分150 分，考试时间120分钟。听力计入总分(30分)，答案一律写在答题卡上。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。
2.答题时使用0.5毫米的黑色中性(签字)笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域(黑色线框)内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
4.保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选择最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C.
1. Where does the woman come from?
A. Spain. B. The United States. C. Mexico.
2. What is the correct order number for the purple teapot?
A. TP12SF. B. TP12FS. C. PT12FS.
3. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Buy cold medicine. B. Open a drugstore. C. Come home earlier.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a zoo. B. In a museum. C. In a restaurant.
5. What will the man do for the woman?
A. Teach her French.
B. Take the course with her.
C. Tell the stories in English.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选择最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does the man think of his weekend?
A. Satisfying B. Tiring. C. Boring.
7. What is the Italian city like?
A. Modern with tall buildings.
B. Ancient with a long history.
C. Crowded with heavy traffic.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Who did Nancy have dinner with?
A. A blind man. B. An old man. C. An officer.
9. How did Nancy feel when all the lights went out?
A. Nervous. B. Annoyed. C. Surprised.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What’s Brett just doing?
A. Buying an e-book reader.
B. Reading an e-book.
C. Downloading e-books.
11. What advantage of the e-book reader does Brett mention?
A. The large storage space.
B. The low cost in the long term.
C. The decrease in the use of paper.
12. Why does Fiona refuse to buy an e-book reader?
A. She doesn’t read much.
B. She likes printed books better.
C. She has enough books to read.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What’s the man’s dream?
A. To be an artist. B. To be a teacher. C. To be a scientist.
14. What do we know about Copernicus’ theory?
A. It proved that the earth was still.
B. It was influenced by Newton and Einstein.
C. It is the basis of ideas about the universe today.
15. What was thought to be the center of the universe at the time of Copernicus?
A. The earth. B. The sun. C. God.
16. Why did Copernicus publish his theory when he was dying?
A. He wasn’t sure of his theory until then.
B. He was afraid of being punished.
C. His friends told him not to publish it.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What difference does the speaker talk about first?
A. Weather. B. Traffic rules. C. The food.
18. What does the speaker think of the weather in London?
A. Changeable. B. Great. C. Uncomfortable.
19. When does the speaker finish work now?
A. At 5 p.m. B. At 8:30 p.m. C. At 9 p.m.
20. Where did the speaker use to go on Friday evening in America?
A. To the club. B. To the gym. C. To the restaurant.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams(1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson(1907-1964)
If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present)
When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks(1913-2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was,was tired of giving in,”said Parks.
1. What is Jane Addams famous for in history?
A. Her social work. B. Her teaching skills.
C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background.
2. What was the reason for O’Connor’s being refused by the law firm?
A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. The discrimination against women.
C. Her little work experience in court. D. The poor financial conditions.
3. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?
A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson.
C. Sandra Day O’Connor. D. Rosa Parks.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了对人类发展产生重大影响的四位女性Jane Addams、Rachel Carson、Sandra Day O’Connor以及Rosa Parks的故事，赞扬她们为人类进步所做出的巨大贡献。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.(任何曾经得到过社工帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams。)”可知，任何一个得到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams。由此可知，正是Jane Addams推动了社会工作的发展，她才因此而出名。故A正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.(1952年，当Sandra Day O 'Connor以全班第三名的成绩毕业于斯坦福法学院时，她找不到律师事务所的工作，因为她是女性。)”可知，因为是女性，Sandra Day O’Connor在律师事务所找不到工作。由此可知，律师事务所拒绝O’Connor主要是因为她是一位女性，也就是对妇女的歧视。故B项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.(它持续了一年多，并拉开了民权运动的序幕。Parks说：“我唯一感到疲倦的是，我厌倦了屈服。”)”可知，正是因为Rosa Parks的努力，美国的民权运动才得以推进，她对美国的人权运动做出了巨大的贡献。故D项正确。
B
During World War II, when Jane Goodall was 6, she was often woken by alarms. The sound warned that enemy planes were flying over her town. Her little sister would run to the bomb shelter. But Goodall refused to move, “I did not want to leave my bed,” she said. That same stubbornness (固执) led her to become the world’s best-known biologist. In 1960, she stayed for months in the forests of Tanzania in Africa, waiting for chimpanzees (黑猩猩) to accept her. When they did, Goodall was able to observe them up close and discover that they could use tools. In 1962, university professors criticized Goodall for using human names and emotions to describe chimps. “I was not against them,” she says. “I just quietly went on doing what I knew was right.” She believes that chimps are smart social animals, which is now widely accepted.
In 1986, Goodall went to a meeting on habitat loss that changed her ideas about nature. She not only just did research, but also began a schedule of travel and charity work. After 35 years, she’s still on the job. Goodall shares her life story to get people aware of environmental protection.
Before the COVID-19, Goodall traveled 300 days a year. She spoke at school gatherings and talk shows. Since March 2020, Goodall has suspended her travels. However, she has taken hotels and lecture halls as her bedroom for the past year and a half. Her determination to spread her message keeps her there for hours each day. Goodall does, on average, three virtual lectures or interviews between breakfast and bedtime. Her stories leave audiences feeling hopeful about our planet.
4. What does the author want to tell us in paragraph 1?
A. Goodall’s beautiful childhood was ruined.
B. Goodall has been determined since her childhood.
C. Goodall lived a poor life when she was little.
D. Goodall’s family were not pleased with her.
5. What did Goodall do to get along with chimpanzees?
A. She trained them to become smart.
B. She taught them to use tools.
C. She treated them almost as humans.
D. She observed them in the distance.
6. Why did Goodall start her travel and charity work?
A. To remind people of protecting the environment. B. To have a meeting on habitat loss.
C. To further her research about nature. D. To share her life stories in Tanzania.
7. What does the underlined word “suspended” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Remembered. B. Planned. C. Increased. D. Stopped.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍世界上最著名的生物学家Jane Goodall致力于生物研究和环境保护。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“During World War II, when Jane Goodall was 6, she was often woken by alarms. The sound warned that enemy planes were flying over her town. Her little sister would run to the bomb shelter. But Goodall refused to move, “I did not want to leave my bed,” she said. That same stubbornness (固执) led her to become the world’s best-known biologist. (第二次世界大战期间，6岁的珍·古道尔经常被闹钟吵醒。这声音警告说敌机正在她的城镇上空飞行。她的小妹妹会跑到防空洞。但古道尔拒绝移动，“我不想离开我的床，”她说。同样的固执使她成为世界上最著名的生物学家。)”可推断作者想告诉我们的是古道尔从小有坚定不移的意志力，这也让他成为了最著名的生物学家，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1962, university professors criticized Goodall for using human names and emotions to describe chimps. “I was not against them,” she says. “I just quietly went on doing what I knew was right.” She believes that chimps are smart social animals, which is now widely accepted. (1962年，大学教授批评古道尔用人类的名字和情感来描述黑猩猩。“我并不反对他们，”她说。“我只是静静地继续做我认为正确的事情。”她认为黑猩猩是聪明的群居动物，这一点现在已被广泛接受。)”可知古道尔对待黑猩猩几乎就像对待人类一样，故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“She not only just did research, but also began a schedule of travel and charity work. After 35 years, she’s still on the job. Goodall shares her life story to get people aware of environmental protection. (她不仅做了研究，还开始了旅行和慈善工作的计划。35年过去了，她还在工作。古道尔分享了她的生活故事，让人们意识到环境保护。)”可知古道尔开始她的旅行和慈善工作是为了提醒人们保护环境，故选A。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“However, she has taken hotels and lecture halls as her bedroom for the past year and a half. Her determination to spread her message keeps her there for hours each day. (然而，在过去的一年半里，她把酒店和演讲厅作为自己的卧室。她传播信息的决心让她每天在那里待上几个小时。)”可推测上文意思是自2020年3月以来，古道尔暂停了她的旅行。可知suspended意为“暂停”，同stop同义，故选D。
C
Art and science may seem like opposite things. One means the creative flow of ideas, and the other means cold, hard data — some people believe. In fact, the two have much in common. Now, a study finds art can help students remember better what they learned in science class.
Mariale Hardiman, an education specialist, noticed that students who used art in the class listened more carefully. They might ask more questions. They might volunteer more ideas. What’s more, students seemed to remember more of what they had been taught when their science lessons had involved art. To prove that, Hardiman teamed up with some researchers and six local schools.
In the experiment, the researchers worked with teachers in 16 fifth-grade classrooms. They provided traditional science lessons and art-focused ones. In a traditional science class, for example, students might read the information from a book aloud. In the art-focused one, they might sing the information instead.
The team randomly assigned(分配) each of the 350 students to either a traditional science class or an art-focused one. Students then learned science using that way for the whole unit — about three weeks. When they changed to a new topic, they also changed to the other type of class. This way, each student had both an art-focused class and a traditional one. Every unit was taught in both ways, to different groups of students. This enabled the researchers to see how students did in both types of classes.
The team found that students who started off in traditional classes performed better after they moved into an art-focused class. But those who started in an art-focused class did well even when they went back to a traditional science class. These students appeared to use some of the art techniques after going back to a traditional class. Classroom teachers reported that many students continued to sketch(画速写) or sing to help remember the information. “It suggests that the arts may help students apply creative ways of learning on their own,” Hardiman said.
8. How does the first paragraph develop?
A. By giving examples. B. By analyzing cause and effect.
C. By following space order. D. By making comparisons.
9. What can we learn from paragraph 2?
A. Students take an active part when their class involves art.
B. Students are more creative in art class than in science class.
C. Students’ learning ability depends greatly on class involvement.
D. Students remember things for a longer time if using art in class.
10. What were the students required to do in the experiment?
A. Learn three units in total.
B. Take two types of classes.
C. Learn two topics for three weeks.
D. Choose between a traditional class and an art-focused one.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. It is not easy to use art in science class.
B. Science plays an important role in creative thinking.
C. Art contributes to science learning.
D. Art-focused classes encourage teamwork.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术可以帮助学生更好地记住他们在科学课上学到的东西。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Art and science may seem like opposite things. One means the creative flow of ideas, and the other means cold, hard data—some people believe. (艺术和科学似乎是相反东西。一些人认为，前者意味着创意的流动，而后者意味着冷冰冰的数据。)”可知，第一段是通过把艺术和科学作比较来行文的。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Mariale Hardiman, an education specialist, noticed that students who used art in the class listened more carefully. They might ask more questions. They might volunteer more ideas. What’s more, students seemed to remember more of what they had been taught when their science lessons had involved art. (教育专家玛丽亚·哈迪曼注意到，在课堂上使用艺术的学生听得更认真。他们可能会问更多的问题。他们可能会主动提出更多的想法。更重要的是，当科学课涉及到艺术时，学生们似乎能记住更多的知识。)”可知，当科学课程涉及艺术时，学生上课时更加积极。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“This way, each student had both an art-focused class and a traditional one. Every unit was taught in both ways, to different groups of students. (这样一来，每个学生既上了艺术课，也上了传统的课程。每个单元都以两种方式教授给不同的学生群体。)”可知，学生们在实验中被要求参与两种类型的课程。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段末句“Now, a study finds art can help students remember better what they learned in science class. (现在，一项研究发现，艺术可以帮助学生更好地记住他们在科学课上学到的东西。)”可知，文章主要介绍了艺术可以帮助学生更好地记住他们在科学课上学到的东西。故选C。
D
You must have heard the predictions from some of the brightest minds about AI’s influence. Tesla and SpaceX’s chief Elon Musk worries that AI is far more dangerous than nuclear weapons. The late scientist Stephen Hawking warned that AI could serve as the “worst event in the history of our civilization” unless humanity is prepared for its possible risks.
But many experts, even those who are aware of such risks, have a more positive attitude, especially in health care and possibly in education. That is one of the results from a new AI study released on Monday by the Pew Research Centre.
Pew investigated the opinions of 979 experts over the summer, a group that included famous technologists, developers, innovators, business and policy leaders. The experts interviewed, some of whom chose to remain anonymous (匿名的), were asked to join in the discussion of a serious and important question: “By 2030, do you think it is most likely that advancing AI and related technology systems will improve human capacities and control them?”
Nearly two-thirds of experts predicted most of us will be mostly better off. But a third thought otherwise, and a majority of the experts expressed at least some concerns over the long-term impact of AI on the “essential elements (要素) of being human”. Among those concerns were data abuse (滥用), loss of jobs and loss of control brought by cybercrime (网络犯罪). Above all, by taking data in and spitting answers out, those “black box” tools make decisions in digital systems. It is the gradual removal of our ability to think for ourselves.
12. Why is Stephen Hawking mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. To prove great scientists care much about the future of AI.
B. To inform readers that a new AI age has come into view.
C. To warn humans to give up AI as soon as possible.
D. To introduce the main idea of the text that AI benefits the future
13. What is true of Pew’s study?
A. Most experts are certain that AI will be out of control.
B. Pew asked experts from different fields for opinions.
C. Pew concludes that humans will suffer from AI.
D. 33% of experts think AI will have little impact on humans.
14. Why are some experts concerned about “black box”tools?
A. Because they make decisions in digital systems.
B. Because they can take data in and spit answers out.
C. Because they may weaken our ability to think independently.
D. Because they may decrease humans’ welfare in the long term.
15. What is the purpose of the author in writing the passage?
A. To stop human developing AI.
B. To show readers how AI develops.
C. To tell readers the result of a study.
D. To encourage a public discussion.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一项新的人工智能研究开展的过程以及专家对人工智能的担忧。
12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“You must have heard the predictions from some of the brightest minds about AI’s influence. Tesla and SpaceX’s chief Elon Musk worries that AI is far more dangerous than nuclear weapons. The late scientist Stephen Hawking warned that AI could serve as the “worst event in the history of our civilization” unless humanity is prepared for its possible risks. (你一定听过一些最聪明的人对人工智能影响的预测。特斯拉和SpaceX的首席执行官埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)担心，人工智能远比核武器危险。已故科学家斯蒂芬·霍金警告说，除非人类对可能出现的风险做好准备，否则人工智能可能成为“我们文明史上最糟糕的事件”)”可推知，第一段提到了斯蒂芬·霍金是为了证明伟大的科学家非常担心人工智能的未来。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题题。根据第三段“Pew investigated the opinions of 979 experts over the summer, a group that included famous technologists, developers, innovators, business and policy leaders. (Pew在今年夏天调查了979名专家的意见，其中包括著名的技术专家、开发人员、创新者、商业和政策领袖)”可知，Pew向不同领域的专家征求意见。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题题。根据最后一段“Above all, by taking data in and spitting answers out, those “black box” tools make decisions in digital systems. It is the gradual removal of our ability to think for ourselves. (最重要的是，通过输入数据并输出答案，这些“黑匣子”工具在数字系统中做出决策。这是我们独立思考能力的逐渐丧失)”可知，那些专家担心“黑匣子”工具是因为它们可能会削弱我们独立思考的能力。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第二段“But many experts, even those who are aware of such risks, have a more positive attitude, especially in health care and possibly in education. That is one of the results from a new AI study released on Monday by the Pew Research Centre. (But many experts, even those who are aware of such risks, have a more positive attitude, especially in health care and possibly in education. That is one of the results from a new AI study released on Monday by the Pew Research Centre. (但许多专家，甚至是那些意识到这些风险的专家，都持更积极的态度，尤其是在医疗保健领域，可能还有教育领域。这是Pew研究中心周一发布的一项新的人工智能研究的结果之一)”可知，本文主要介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及专家对人工智能的担忧。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉读者一项研究的结果。故选C。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people connect gratitude with saying “thank you” to someone who helped us, making it a short act of appreciation. According to Robert Emmons, a leading researcher, gratitude is an emotion that can result in long-lasting positivity. ___16___
Gratitude is good for your health.
Through his research, Emmons found that grateful people reported feeling healthier and happier, both mentally and physically. ___17___ In the workplace, employees who are shown that they are appreciated are healthier and more productive by 50 percent.
___18___
Gratitude is a selfless act. We often take for granted the simple things in life. Those who recognize the goodness in life, no matter how simple, are more likely to be sensitive to the needs of others and to help whenever they can. Thinking about other’s opinion, experiences and backgrounds will make you a better person.
Gratitude makes us more self-aware.
Working in an ever-developing, fast-paced society, we are surrounded by ambitious people who are always struggling for more and better. ___19___ It starts by paying attention to what’s now going on in your life, and that’s true self-awareness is the key to being successful.
Gratitude helps us build strong relationship.
Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationship, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.
___20___ Taking the time to thank people for their work and kindness — whether it was today, last month or many years ago — makes you happier and more self-aware.
A. In fact, those who were grateful were 25 percent happier than those who weren’t.
B. Gratitude builds understanding.
C. The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry”, but the same is true of gratitude.
D. All in all, we feel and express our gratitude in different ways.
E. Gratitude makes you reflect (反思) in the moment instead of always thinking about the future.
F. Gratitude helps us build up self-confidence.
G. Here are a few benefits of being grateful.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. B 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了心怀感恩的益处，从而呼吁人们要学会感恩。
【16题详解】
根据上文“According to Robert Emmons, a leading researcher, gratitude is an emotion that can result in long-lasting positivity.”（根据著名研究人员罗伯特·埃蒙斯的说法，感恩是一种能够产生持久积极情绪的情感。）可知，感恩会带来长期的积极效应；根据后文的三个小标题“Gratitude is good for your health.”（感恩对你的健康有好处。），“Gratitude makes us more self-aware.”（感恩使我们更加自觉。），及“Gratitude helps us build strong relationship.”（感恩有助于我们建立牢固的关系。）可知，后文主要在论述感恩的益处，所以G选项“以下是感恩带来的一些益处。”总领下文，符合题意。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Through his research, Emmons found that grateful people reported feeling healthier and happier, both mentally and physically.”（通过他的研究，埃蒙斯发现，心存感激的人在精神和身体上都感觉更健康、更快乐。）可知，心怀感恩的人在生理和心理上都更加健康和快乐；根据下文“In the workplace, employees who are shown that they are appreciated are healthier and more productive by 50 percent.”（在工作场所，那些表现出被赏识的员工更健康，工作效率也提高了50%。）可知，感恩的人更健康工作效率更高；A选项中的“happier”与上文的happier对应，“ 25 percent”与下文的50 percent对应，即本段第一句是本段的主旨句，下文是通过数据进一步去论证主旨句，A项“事实上，那些心存感激的人比那些没有感激的人幸福25%。”切题。故选A项。
【18题详解】
本题设空处为段落小标题，结合已知的三个小标题可知，标题要说明的是感恩的益处；根据标题下方的“Gratitude is a selfless act. ”（感恩是无私的行为。）及“Those who recognize the goodness in life, no matter how simple, are more likely to be sensitive to the needs of others and to help whenever they can. Thinking about other’s opinion, experiences and backgrounds will make you a better person.”（那些认识到生活中美好事物的人，无论多么简单，都更有可能对他人的需求保持敏感，并尽可能地提供帮助。考虑别人的意见、经历和背景会使你成为一个更好的人。）可知，心怀感恩会让我们对别人的需求更加敏感，更加乐于帮助他人，多去考虑他人的想法、经历和背景，也就是能站在他人的立场看问题，从而能更好地理解他们，所以B选项“感恩构建理解。”概括了下文的内容，符合题意。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“It starts by paying attention to what’s now going on in your life, and that’s true self-awareness is the key to being successful.”（它从关注你生活中正在发生的事情开始，这就是真正的自我意识是成功的关键。）可知，我们要对关注当下的生活，并且自我意识是成功的关键；E选项中的“ reflect (反思) in the moment”与下文的paying attention to what’s now going on in your life对应，下文的It指的是就是E选项所说的“感恩让你反思当下，而不是总是思考未来”这件事，所以E选项符合题意。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“Taking the time to thank people for their work and kindness — whether it was today, last month or many years ago — makes you happier and more self-aware.”（花点时间感谢别人工作和好意——无论是今天、上个月还是多年前——都会让你更快乐、更有自知之明。）可知，作者建议我们去感激别人的付出和善意，不管这个付出和善意是今天的还是上个月的还是多年前的；C选项中的“never too late”与下文的whether it was today, last month or many years ago对应，“gratitude”与下文的“thank people”对应，且C选项表达的意思“老话说：“说对不起永远不晚”，但感恩也是如此。”概括了本段主要内容，总领下文。故选C项。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共三节，满分45分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Alexis Lewis, a 7-year-old girl, set out with her family on a trip to explore different parts of the country. During the hours on the road, her grandfather, a rocket scientist, would ____21____ cool ideas with Alexis about science. Eventually, everything her grandfather said ____22____ Alexis to become an inventor.
In the 2019 Kid Inventor’ Day event ____23____ on January 17th in New York,Alexis, 14, was one of the seven kid ____24____ who attended the event. With an audience of 200 people in ____25____ and more than 500 others watching on Facebook Live, Alexis talked about her award-winning invention, the Bamboo Travois(雪橇). It is a lightweight device made of bamboo, a net rope ____26____ wheels. A person can use the travois to carry someone else while walking long ____27____.
Alexis also ____28____ another one of her inventions: the Emergency Mask Pod. It is a football-shaped canister(小罐) that ____29____ a smoke mask and can be thrown through the window of a burning building. People inside the building can put on the mask to _____30_____ themselves from smoke inhalation(吸入). _____31_____ firefighters helped her test the invention by throwing it hundreds of times into the second storey windows of buildings.
The world _____32_____ new thinkers like Alexis and other young inventors who _____33_____ the event. Kids are the ones who can solve the _____34_____ that the older generation creates. It’s our job as adults to show kids the possibilities of _____35_____ they can make and create.
21. A. receive B. make C. draft D. share
22. A. praised B. inspired C. persuaded D. suggested
23. A. celebrated B. joined C. held D. created
24. A. nurses B. inventors C. scientists D. artists
25. A. silence B. trouble C. need D. person
26. A. instead of B. as well as C. thanks to D. except for
27. A. highways B. distances C. blocks D. voyages
28. A. made B. discovered C. gave D. presented
29. A. contains B. means C. avoids D. attaches
30. A. escape B. bring C. protect D. assist
31. A. Brave B. Generous C. Local D. Sensitive
32. A. desires B. obtains C. appears D. develops
33. A. knew B. caused C. directed D. attended
34. A. chances B. positions C. problems D. missions
35. A. what B. how C. why D. when
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个年轻的女孩Alexis Lewis在爷爷的鼓励之下喜欢上了发明创造并且参加了发明比赛，展示了她的两个发明作品。作为成年人，我们有责任让孩子们看到他们能创造的无限可能。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在路上的几个小时里，他的祖父，一位火箭科学家，会和Alexis分享他关于科学的酷想法。A. receive接受；B. make制作；C. draft起草；制定；D. share共享。根据“everything his grandfather said ___3___ Alexis to become an inventor.”可知，Alexis的爷爷给她分享了很多知识。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，祖父所说的一切激发了Alexis成为一名发明家。A. praised赞扬；B. inspired鼓舞；C. persuaded劝说；D. suggested建议。根据“During their many hours on the road, his grandfather, a rocket scientist, would ___1___ his cool ideas with Alexis about science.”及下文Alexis成为小发明家可以推知，因为受到了爷爷的启发和鼓励，Alexis成为了小发明家。inspire sb. to do sth.“激励某人做某事”。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年儿童发明家日活动于1月17日在纽约举行，14岁的亚历克西斯是参加活动的七位儿童发明家之一。A. celebrated庆祝；B. joined参加；C. held举办；D. created创造。根据下文“attended the event”可知， 此处说明这个赛事被举办。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. nurse护士；B. inventor发明家；C. scientists科学家；D. artist艺术家。根据下文“Alexis,17, was one of the seven kid inventors”可知，Alexis是参加比赛的7个儿童发明家之一。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现场有50名观众，还有100多人在Facebook Live上收看，Alexis讲述了他的获奖发明——竹制雪橇。A. silence沉默；B. trouble麻烦；C. need需要；D. person人。根据下文“more than many others watching on Facebook Live”可知，与观看网络直播的观众对照，这里指50人亲自到现场观看比赛。in person“亲自”故选D。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：这是一个由竹子，网绳和轮子制成的轻型设备。A. instead of代替；B. as well as也；C. thanks to由于；D. except for除了……之外。这里列举的三种物品是并列关系，所以应用介词词组as well as表示“也，而且”。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：走长路时一个人可以用雪橇拉着别人一起。A. highways高速公路； B. distances距离； C. blocks街区； D. voyages航行。根据上文“while walking long”可知，新雪橇应该是在长距离旅行中比较适用。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alexis还展示了他另一项发明：紧急面罩。A. made制作；B. discovered发现；C. gave给予；D. presented展示。从下文“It is a football-shaped canister”可知这里指Alexis展示了自己的另一项发明。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个足球状的小罐，里面包含一个防毒面罩，可以被扔进正在燃烧的建筑的窗户里。A. contains包含；B. means意味着；C. avoids避免； D. attaches使依附。根据设空处下文“a smoke mask”可知，此处在说明小罐里面包含的东西。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：建筑物内的人们可以戴上口罩，以保护自己不要吸入烟雾。A. escape逃脱；B. bring带来；C. protect保护；D. assist帮助。根据上文“People inside the building can put on the mask”可知，建筑里的人们可以戴上面具防止吸入烟尘。protect sb. from“保护某人免受……”。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当地消防队员帮助她测试了这项发明，把它扔进了二层楼的窗户里，扔了几百次。A. Brave勇敢的；B. Generous慷慨的；C. Local当地的；D. Sensitive敏感的。结合上下文并没有其他关于消防员的线索，只能是指当地的消防员帮助做了检测。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：世界需要Alexis这样有创意的人以及其他参加比赛的年轻发明者们。A. desires需要； B. obtain获得；C. appears好像；D. develops发展。根据下文“new thinkers like Alexis and other young inventors”可知，世界需要Alexis这样有创意的人以及年轻发明者。故选A。
33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个世界需要像Alexis这样的新思想家和其他参加这个活动的年轻发明家。A. knew知道；B. caused导致；C. directed指导；D. attended参加。根据前文“one of the seven kid ____4____who attended the event”可知，这里的“other young inventors”指的是与Alexis一起参加比赛的其他选手。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们能够解决上一辈人制造的问题。A. chances机会；B. positions位置；C. problems问题；D. missions任务。根据下文“the older generation creates”可知此处指孩子们能够解决问题。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：这是我们作为成年人的职责，向孩子们展示他们能够制作和创造的可能性。A. what什么；B. how如何；C. why为何；D. when何时。引导宾语从句，作从句的宾语，指物，所以用what。根据后文“they can make and create”可知，此处是指让孩子们看到他们创造无限可能。故选A。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing — Planetary scientists in China found hints of water “reservoirs (水库)” on the moon. Over billions of years, the surface of the moon ____36____(hit) by space rocks, causing the soil ____37____(melt) and be ejected (喷射) into space. Then it is cooled down and falls back to the lunar surface, ____38____(form) beads (珠子) of glass. The Chang’e 5 probe, ____39____ returned to Earth on Dec 17, 2020, brought back ____40____ total of 1,731 grams of rocks and soil from the lunar surface, including glass beads.
After looking into the glass beads from the sample, the international research team ____41____(find) that about one ton of glass beads may contain 0.5 kilograms of water. Hui Hejiu, one of the study authors said, “This ‘water’ wasn’t a liquid ____42____ instead took the form of hydrogen (氢气). The hydrogen ____43____(contain) in the glass beads can ____44____(easy) be turned into the water we can use.” If the water in the beads is easy to get, it will be a “really big deal” for deep space ______45______(explore) missions in the future.
【答案】36. has been hit
37. to melt
38. forming
39. which 40. a
41. found 42. but
43. contained
44. easily 45. exploration
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国的行星科学家在月球上发现了“水”的迹象
【36题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：数十亿年来，月球表面一直受到太空岩石的撞击，导致土壤融化并被喷射到太空中。设空处为谓语动词，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据时间状语Over billions of years，应用现在完成时，主语是单数，助动词使用has。故填has been hit。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。固定搭配cause sb. to do sth.“造成某人做某事”，不定式作补足语。故填to melt。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然后冷却下来，落回月球表面，形成玻璃珠。设空处为非谓语动词，和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填forming。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：嫦娥五号探测器于2020年12月17日返回地球，从月球表面带回了1731克的岩石和土壤，其中包括玻璃珠。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Chang’e 5 probe，指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同上。固定短语a total of“总数为”。故填a。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在对样品中的玻璃珠进行研究后，国际研究小组发现，大约一吨的玻璃珠可能含有0.5公斤的水。设空处为谓语动词，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填found。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：这种‘水’不是液体，而是氢的形式。分析可知，上下文是转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填but。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：玻璃珠中所含的氢可以很容易地转化为我们可以使用的水。设空处修饰hydrogen作定语，和hydrogen之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填contained。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。设空处修饰谓语动词be turned into，应用副词，作状语。故填easily。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果珠子里的水很容易获得，这将是未来深空探测任务的“真正大问题”。设空处修饰名词missions作定语，应用名词构成exploration missions，意为“探测任务”。故填exploration。
第三节 完成句子(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
46. Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa ________ ________ ________(已经受益于) the life-changing gift of clean, safe water. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. have ②. benefited##benefitted ③. from
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：今天，非洲16个国家的80多万人受益于清洁、安全的水这一改变生活的礼物。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，故使用现在完成时。表示“受益于”用benefit from。故答案为have；benefited/benefitted；from。
47. This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to ________ his dream ________ ________ (实现). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. make ②. a ③. reality
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这种见解来自于一个六岁男孩的坚定态度，他有勇气和毅力让自己的梦想成为现实。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语，与空前的to构成不定式结构。表示“实现梦想”用make one’s dream a reality。故填①make②a③reality。
48. He established an office to ______ ______ ______ (记录) the children, and then returned to Britain to find temporary homes for them. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. keep ②. records ③. of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他建立了一个办事处，记录孩子们的信息，然后回到英国为他们寻找寄养家庭。根据汉语提示“记录”以及空前的不定式符号to可知应填keep records of，to keep records of 在句中作目的状语。故填keep records of。
49. A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people ______ ______ ______ ______ (站起身来). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. rose ②. to ③. their ④. feet
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和短语。句意：Winton 震惊地看到在场的大多数人都站了起来。rise to one's feet意为“站起身来”。根据上文watched可知，这是描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填rose to ones feet。
50. It ________ ________ ________ (能够使用) GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology controlling its “legs”. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. is ②. capable ③. of
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：它可以通过GPS技术前往不同的地方，通过计算技术控制它的“腿”。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语。表示“能够使用”用be capable of。句子表示客观事实，故使用一般现在时。故填is capable of。
51. This was ________ ________ (无疑) the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times, which much later developed into the car. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. no ②. doubt
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这无疑是古代发明轮子的原因，很久以后轮子才发展成汽车。根据汉语提示应填no doubt“无疑”，符合句意，固定短语，故填no doubt。
52. In fact, ________ ________ ________ (不止一个) account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. more ②. than ③. one
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿确实是受到一个掉落的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明苹果砸到了他的头。分析句子，表示“不止一个”用more than one，修饰名词account。故填more than one。
53. Franklin, along with many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to ________ ________ ________(推定真理) and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. establish ②. the ③. truth
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：富兰克林和许多其他科学家一起，启发并教导我们，科学实验对于确立真理和为后来的科学发现和发明做出贡献是非常重要的。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语与空前的to构成不定式结构。表示“推定真理”用establish the truth。故填establish the truth。
54. Now, at the top of these stone stairs… ________ ________ ________ ________ (看看；注意) that! That huge sculpture you can see is the Winged Victory of Samothrace, or Nike of Samothrace! （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. get ②. a ③. load ④. of
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：现在，这些石头楼梯的顶部……，仔细看！你看到的那个巨大的雕塑是萨莫色雷斯的胜利之翼，或者胜利女神尼凯的雕像！分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，构成祈使句结构。表示“看看，注意”用get a load of。故填get a load of。
55. When I look into her eyes it seems she has ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (自己的主见)! （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. a ②. mind ③. of ④. her ⑤. own
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：当我看着她的眼睛时，她似乎有自己的想法。分析句子，设空处使用名词短语作宾语。表示“自己的主见”用a mind of her own。故填a mind of her own。
第四部分 写作(满分25分)
读后续写(满分25分)
56. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.
Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them.
One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy -his name was Bernard-had interested her very much.
“I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do.”
After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money,” said Clara. “His family is suffering so much.”
“So do I,” said Harry. “We really should do something to assist them.”
For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish(完成).”
The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do,” said John. “You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn(爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.”
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one, too.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too. So, they went to the local supermarket together. They bought a bag of corn and some special bags for popcorn. When they got home, they made a lot of popcorn and put it in the special bags. With the popcorn, they went to Bernard’s home. They told Bernard how to sell the popcorn. Bernard and his parents were very grateful. And the Meredith family also felt very happy to help this family.
With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. He took the popcorn around to the houses and sold all his popcorn. He earned a lot of money. Then, he wanted to be self-dependent. Therefore, he asked Mrs. Meredith to teach him how to make popcorn. After that, not only did he sell popcorn, but he also added cream and salt to the popcorn to make it taste better. Bernard grew up to be a remarkable man. He did not forget the help of Meredith’s family, and he also did what he could to help those in need.
【解析】
【分析】本文是根据短文进行续写，使之成为一个完整的故事。
【详解】1.认真读懂所给提供的材料:善良的Meredith一家住在一个小社区里，他们想帮助一个贫困的家庭。那家的男主人生病卧床，女主人要照顾丈夫、无法外出赚钱，家中的小男孩Bernard也做不了什么事情，生活十分困难。后来，Meredith的孩子想出了一个主意--制作爆米花，让Bernard去卖爆米花。
2.根据所给材料确定文章主题:Meredith如何通过制作和卖爆米花帮助Bernard一家摆脱困境的。
3.续写部分和前面的文章衔接得上，并且与原文情节发展和人物性格相一致，故事情节的向后延续发展要合乎情理。
4.根据第一段首句When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too.(当Meredith太太听到John的主意时，她也认为这是个好主意)可以针对如何实现制作爆米花这个提议展开构思；根据第二段首句With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.(一切准备就绪后，Bernard开始了他的新生意)可以针对Bernard如何通过卖爆米花让家庭摆脱困境展开构思。
5.续写的语言要尽可能与原文的语言保持风格上的一致。文章时态以一般过去时为主。应使用自己熟悉的句型和短语进行写作，考生要注意尽可能使句子的表达形式多样化，适当的使用一些高级句式和高级词汇，以提高书面表达的档次和可读性。作文要层次清晰，要点全面，表达流畅，切合题干要求，句子结构准确，适当补充信息，使篇章结构连贯。
听力答案：1-5 CBAAC 6-10 ABCBC 11-15 ABCCA 16-20 BBCAB
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