江苏高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份江苏高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共46页。
阅读理解
Warren Buffett’s father told him not to go into securities (证券). Oprah was warned that moving to Chicago would destroy her career. These stories of famous people being told not to do the very thing that later made them hugely successful are entertaining, but they also show a larger point. Bad advice is very common.
As investor Paul Graham has said, “When experts are wrong, it’s often because they’re experts on an earlier version of the world.”
In a New York Times article, Wharton professor Adam Grant offers a simple prescription-stop giving advice. Wait, what? Doesn’t other people’s advice help improve our decisions? Of course they do, but as Grant points out, giving your advice isn’t the same as saying, “You should do this...”
“When people come to us for advice, we can stop ourselves from giving them a suggestion immediately,” he, well, advises. “People seldom need to hear our conclusion. They benefit from hearing our thought process and our view on the criteria (标准) for the matter. The most useful advice doesn’t tell us what to do clearly and exactly; it helps people see blind spots in their thinking.”
You may want to offer an example from your own life to explain your way of thinking, Grant continues, but “make sure to explain that it mayor may not be suitable for them.”
Each of us has our ow unique set of talents, fears, values and limits. When someone comes to you for advice, it’s near impossible to get a full picture of theirs. That means its near impossible to tell them what they should do. Therefore, advice should not mean “telling people what to do.” Instead, provide a framework (框架) for making the decision. That way advice seekers can put their own variables (变量) into your system and see what answer it gives. This also offers them a chance to develop their own decision-making muscles.
Showing someone how to think through a problem for themselves beats telling them the right answer almost every time.
1．Why does the author mention the stories of Buffett and Oprah?
A．To introduce a topic. B．To explain a rule. C．To give a reason. D．To make a comparison.
2．Why do experts sometimes give bad advice according to Paul Graham?
A．They don’t live in a normal way. B．They hesitate to make early decisions.
C．They have forgotten their earlier experience. D．They base their advice on previous knowledge.
3．What does the underlined word “prescription” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．System. B．Suggestion. C．Argument. D．Effect.
4．What does the author suggest on giving others good advice?
A．Offering them guidance on how to develop their talents.
B．Finding a good chance to tell them what they should do.
C．Reminding them of the importance of making right decisions directly.
D．Helping them develop a more complete way to consider their choices.


The news of Chinese American actress Anna May Wong becoming the first Asian American to be featured on US currency—the quarter (25美分)—has been met with excitement and hope from the Asian American community.
Wong is one of five women being honored in the American Women Quarters Program, which seeks to stress the contributions of American women. As a minority(少数群体) woman, Wong fought bravely against the difficulties in life.
Wong was born to second-generation Taishanese Chinese American parents in Los Angeles, just one block north of Chinatown. She fell in love with films and acted at a young age. Wong was 14 when she played her first role as an extra in the film The Red Lantern. At age 17, Wong got her first leading role in The Toll of the Sea. However, despite her talents as an actress, Wong was often offered supporting roles of stereotypical(模式化的) Asian characters in films, such as a foreign slave girl or a “dragon lady”, a stereotype picturing Asian women as strong and dishonest.
Throughout her career, Wong always pushed for greater images(形象) of Asian American performers. Her hard work bore fruit. Wong was given the part of an important and kind Chinese American doctor in The King of Chinatown in 1939. Her role in that film was considered a breakthrough(突破)for Wong and other Asian American performers. In 1960, Wong became the first Asian American actress to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, about a year before she died of a heart attack at age 56.
Bing Chen, co-founder of Gold House, an organization focused on promoting Asian Americans to lead and succeed in culture, called the new quarter “momentous” and praised Wong as a star “for generations”. “It’s impossible to forget, though, as a minority community, that Asian Americans keep on struggling between being successful and being seen,” he added.
5．What is the news report mainly about?
A．A program honoring people behind the scenes.
B．Anna May Wong appearing on an American coin.
C．A program fighting for minority rights in the US.
D．Anna May Wong becoming a famous actress in the US.
6．What can we learn about Wong from paragraph 3?
A．Her family encouraged her to be an honest actress.
B．Her Asian background won her many leading roles.
C．She showed her talent for acting when she was young.
D．She moved to the US with her parents after she was born.
7．Which of the following was a breakthrough for Wong?
A．She starred as a doctor in The King of Chinatown.
B．She made her first appearance in The Red Lantern.
C．She received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
D．She played her first leading role in The Toll of the Sea.
8．What does the underlined word “momentous” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Historic. B．Typical. C．Interesting D．Original.

When I was ten, my family moved to the other side of town. I was forced to leave the familiarity of St Paul’s and become “the new kid” at St Teresa’s:a one-hallway school with no gym, where the other kids in my class had been together since kindergarten. I struggled to break into the crowd and spent lunchtime playing alone.
One school day, when I headed to the kitchen table, I heard the radio, “It’s a sad day in the music world. Mr Roy Orbison has died.” Oh no, how sad, Roy Orbison has died. Wait. . . who is Roy Orbison?
I didn’t have a chance to ask. I had to get to school before the bell.
It was Mr Hutchison’s class. Every day, he would ask if there was anyone we wanted to pray(祈祷) for. That day, Johnny prayed for his sick grandfather, and Emily for her grandmother who had a surgery.
This was my chance! Before I had time to fully think it through, my hand shot into the air. “I’d like to pray for Roy Orbison!”
Silence fell over the room. The other kids looked confused, but Mr Hutchison could see the eagerness in my eyes. No one else had ever been so excited to pray for anyone in his class.
“OK, Roy Orbison has been added to the prayer list.” He winked(眨眼)。
I did it! This must be another way we kids make new friends:you just pray for someone.
I had never met Roy Orbison, nor did I have his album. But because of Roy, a little girl named Christine came up to me and said, “I’m really sorry for your loss. If you’re not busy with the funeral(葬礼), maybe you can come over and play after school.”
Thanks to Roy and Christine, I was lonely no more.
9．Why did I pray for Roy Orbison?
A．Because I was a true fan of him.
B．Because I felt sorry for his death
C．Because I needed a reason to be noticed
D．Because I wanted to impress Mr Hutchison.
10．What happened after I prayed for Roy Orbison?
A．The whole class felt sad as I did.
B．I made new friends at St Teresa’s.
C．Mr Hutchison turned a blind eye to me.
D．Christine offered to enjoy Roy’s music with me.
11．What is the tone(语气)of the text??
A．Humorous. B．Serious. C．Excited. D．Cold.
12．Which of the following can best describe the text?
A．Chances favor a prepared mind. B．Life is full of unexpected wonders.
C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Where there is a will, there is a way.

A Date with Beautiful Sichuan
China Daily website is inviting photography-lovers to take photos and short videos that describe beautiful Sichuan in Southwest China from Oct 20, 2022 until Feb 20, 2023. The event called “A Date with Beautiful Sichuan” is hosted by Sichuan Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism and China Daily website.
Anyone is welcome to submit(提交) photos or videos, regardless of whether you are a professional or an amateur, or even who you are or where you are from. Photography works centered around the theme are welcome, such as Sichuan’s urban landscape, local customs, cultural and natural heritage, cultural relics and museums, cultural and creative industries, cuisine, opera, song and dance, etc., which fully display the beauty of Sichuan and convey the friendship and love across borders. Participants(参与者) will have the opportunity to get nice cultural and creative gifts. Outstanding works will be exhibited on the China Daily website, China Daily App, as well as overseas cooperative media platforms.
Requirements:
●The submitted works should be original, creative in form and theme, and should present what you see, hear and feel in Sichuan.
●Works must be a series of photos. A series of photos counts as one entry and each series may contain no more than ten photos. 5MB maximum for each photo. Format in JPG or PNG.
●No more than 200 descriptive words in Chinese or English for each work shall be submitted.
How to submit:
●Send works and application forms to contest@chinadaily. com. cn
●Post your works through Facebook or TikTok.
Facebook: Follow and tag @beautiful China
TikTok: Follow and tag @china culture
13．How long will the event last?
A．3 months B．4 months. C．5 months. D．6 months.
14．What is a requirement of the works?
A．Original. B．Uncreative C．Single. D．Descriptive.
15．Where can the article be found?
A．Novel. B．Newspaper C．History book. D．Travel brochure.

Coral reefs(珊瑚礁)as underwater walls can help reduce the effects of hurricanes on coastal communities. This seems unbelievable. It is reported that scientists have discovered that coral reefs are even more effective than man-made sea walls under the water. However, coral reefs are especially easy to be influenced by climate change. Overfishing and pollution have also proved very dangerous to them. Since 1950, half of the world’s coral reefs have already been lost. To protect our communities and keep sea ecosystems alive, we need to protect coral reefs right away.
Let’s take a closer look at how coral reefs protect us from floods, and how scientists are restoring (修复) reefs.
The roles that coral reefs play as underwater walls have long been recorded by scientists. During a Category 3 hurricane in 2015 in Australia, the coral reefs effectively protected the eastern shoreline from flooding. In contrast, the western coasts without coral reefs suffered serious damage. The researchers observed that the shape of coral reefs can break the approaching waves. More recently, researchers at the University of Miami have reached the same conclusion. They used a special lab simulator to recreate ocean conditions during a Category 5 hurricane. They found that coral reefs could reduce the impact of waves by up to 95 percent!
Because of higher ocean acidity (酸 性) and temperature, coral reefs are disappearing and dying out. At the same time, climate change puts weakened coral reefs under more stress. The University of Miami researchers are testing to plant new coral reefs while others are actively looking for effective methods to reduce the acidity of sea water. The governments have also paid more attention to these actions and provided enough money for reef restoration. With these efforts, we may address climate threats to coral reefs and they can carry on protecting our communities.
16．What can we know about coral reefs?
A．They can reduce hurricanes.
B．They are faced with danger now.
C．They can’t effectively prevent floods.
D．They aren’t influenced by overfishing.
17．Which of the following is true according to paragraph 3?
A．A terrible hurricane attacked Australia in 2015.
B．Scientists paid little attention to coral reefs before.
C．Coral reefs could reduce the impact of waves to 95%.
D．The eastern coasts of Australia were damaged seriously.
18．What may happen to coral reefs in the future?
A．Coral reefs may disappear. B．Coral reefs will be ignored.
C．More coral reefs may appear D．Few coral reefs will be planted.
19．What’s the purpose of this passage?
A．To introduce the growth of coral reefs.
B．To explain the functions of coral reefs.
C．To encourage people to plant more coral reefs.
D．To stress the importance of protecting carol reefs.

To Celebrate North Devon Becoming The UK’s First World Surfing Reserve, Dive Into The
History Of One Of The World’s Oldest Sports
Explore World Surfing Reserves
Manly, Australia
Sydney’s beaches saw several “firsts” for Australian surfing, including the first official world surfing championships in 1964.
Santa Cruz, California, USA
The laid-back surf hot spot of Santa Cruz celebrated its 10th anniversary(周年纪念日)as a World Surfing Reserve in April.
Huanchaco, Peru
Often referred to as the birthplace of surfing, Huanchaco enjoys a thriving(兴盛的)local surf scene that honors the area’s aquatic(水上的)heritage.
Ericeira, Portugal
Rugged cliff faces(突兀的悬崖表面)and highly varied surf breaks make this an ideal destination for surfers of all abilities, from beginner to professional.
A Timeline Of Surfing
3000-1000 BC: Evidence suggests Peruvian fishermen used to build and ride surfboards.
1885: Surfing arrives in the USA, three teenage Hawaiian princesses boarding there.
1930: The first hollow(空心的)surfboard design is mass-produced by American Tom Blake.
1953: The Waikiki Surf Club hosts the inaugural International Surfing Championships.
2009: Malibu, USA, becomes the first World Surfing Reserve.
2016: The International Olympic Committee votes to include surfing in the next games.
For more information, click here.
20．Which place is suitable for surfers of all levels?
A．Manly, Australia. B．Huanchaco, Peru.
C．Ericeira, Portugal. D．Santa Cruz, California, USA．
21．What can you learn from the text?
A．Surfing was included in the Olympic Games in 2016.
B．The first surfboard was produced by American Tom Blake.
C．Malibu, USA, becomes the first World Surfing Reserve in 2016.
D．That Peruvian fishermen built and rode surfboards at an earlier time could be true.
22．Where can you probably read the text?
A．A magazine. B．A textbook.
C．A website. D．A brochure.

Have you ever got frightened for being seriously ill but some doctors’ caring words cured you right away? Or have you ever felt moved deeply when doctors listened to you patiently? If so, then you’re not alone.
My mum, for example, recently started losing her sight, which made her worried. She went for an urgent date with an eye doctor at the local hospital. When I telephoned her that evening to see how it went, she replied, “Oh, it was wonderful. They were so lovely and kind. ”Could she now see? No. Had they been able to treat it? No. In fact, she had to wait for an hour to see the nurse, and three hours to see the doctor.
Although they’d ruled out emergency causes for her sight loss, they hadn’t known the root of the problem. She was now at home, still unable to see properly and not knowing if she would go blind permanently. But that didn’t matter. What mattered to her was that a nurse met her at the door and helped her to her seat. Another nurse offered to get my mum a sandwich when lunch came. The doctor touched her knee and listened to her as she explained what had happened, asking about how the loss of sight had affected her life. He understood what worried my mum was that as an avid(热衷的) reader, she wouldn’t be able to read a book again. Touched by the doctors and nurses’ kind actions, she felt she had received good care.
Patients don’t evaluate the actual medicine that’s practiced; it’s the communication skills of the doctor that determine how they evaluate the care. Maybe the key to improving healthcare is better listening.
23．Why does the author use two questions in paragraph 1?
A．To praise the doctors. B．To attract readers’ interest.
C．To show a common sight. D．To provide background information.
24．How did the mother feel after seeing the doctor?
A．Upset. B．Worried. C．Satisfied. D．Confident.
25．What can we learn from the text?
A．The mother is able to read again.
B．The mother has lost sight forever.
C．The root of the problem has already been found.
D．Better listening is good for improving healthcare.
26．What’s the author’s attitude to the medical workers’ behaviour?
A．Doubtful. B．Unconcerned. C．Supportive. D．Objective.

I am an Africa wildlife filmmaker. But wildlife filmmakers from Africa are rarer than mountain gorillas(大猩猩). To understand why there are so few, we need to remember our recent history.
When the colonialists(殖民者) ruled Africa, they seized control of the continent’s wildlife and other natural resources. They saw African wildlife as “big game” and the continent’s first protected natural areas were game reserves created by driving away locals for the benefit of white hunters. Later, game reserves were renamed national parks and big game hunting gave way to wildlife tourism. But African wildlife was still there for White people’s enjoyment and benefits.
That locals could have an interest in preserving wildlife for its own sake was rarely considered. Africans -like me who tried to get involved in wildlife conservation were made to feel out of place. When I was first interviewed by a British film crew, my interview was cut at the editing stage and replaced by a white man, just because I was an African.
Africa was the setting for some of the most popular films about wildlife, but these films were made by western-owned production companies for Western audiences, and most Africans never even got to see them. What Africa needed was to see themselves and their view points in the films. We urgently needed wildlife films made by Africans, about Africans and for Africans. As producer of the documentary TV series “Wildlife Warriors”, I set out to find African conservation heroes who could play a role in the documentary. I soon discovered that we had some talented African filmmakers across the continent.
Today things are changing fast. Companies like National Geographic and the BBC are leading the way with new approaches to global storytelling that deliver diversity and equality. Our African wildlife filmmakers’ mission is to draw on the power of local storytelling to inspire our people to save our continent’s rich wildlife.
27．Why are African wildlife filmmakers rare?
A．They lack the talent in making films. B．They live in the shadow of westerners.
C．They are still colonized by the westerns. D．They aren’t interested in filming wildlife.
28．What message does the cut of my interview convey?
A．The strictness of the crew. B．The preference for the British.
C．The prejudice against Africans. D．The benefits of local communities.
29．What can we learn from paragraph 4?
A．The locals enjoy wildlife films set in Africa.
B．Africans play a leading role in wildlife film-making.
C．Films made by westerners are the most popular ones.
D．Africans long for having a say in wildlife film-making.
30．What is the purpose of the author writing the text?
A．To introduce how African wildlife are protected.
B．To urge people to better preserve African wildlife.
C．To show that the author was ignored by westerners.
D．To explain why more African filmmakers are needed.

“You’re so smart!” This encouraging response to children’s math performance is commonly heard. Recently, a new study, conducted by the University of Georgia, found that encouraging children with responses related to their personal characteristics or inborn abilities might weaken their math motivation and achievement over time.
Parents who make comments linking their children’s performance to personal characteristics like intelligence are using what’s referred to as person responses. In contrast, parents who link their children’s actions, such as efforts or strategy use, to their performance are using process responses.
For the study, researchers asked more than 500 parents to report on how they responded to their children’s math performance and their math beliefs and goals. Children were assessed in two waves across a year to measure their math motivation and achievement.
The results show that parents who view math ability as changeable are more likely to give process responses focused on their children’s strategy use and efforts rather than their intelligence or other personal characteristics. In contrast, parents who believe math ability is unchangeable and that math failure can’t be constructive give more person responses. Parents with high expectations for their children give a combination of both responses. While responses highlighting strategy and efforts are not related to any achievement outcomes, children who receive more responses about their personal characteristics — in particular, related to failure — are more likely to avoid harder math problems, exhibit higher levels of math anxiety, and score lower on math achievement tests.
Because person responses predict poor math adjustment in children over time, researchers suggest parents limit this type of responses at home. Another recommendation for parents is to think about their own beliefs and goals for their kids and examine how these might lead them to respond in person or process ways. Simply telling parents to avoid talking about math ability may not be enough. Focusing less on how children perform and more on their strategy and enjoyment of math might be a more effective way to enhance motivation.
31．Which of the following is an example of process response?
A．You are a lucky dog.
B．Running is in your blood.
C．What works well for your study?
D．Why are you such a math genius?
32．What can be inferred from the study results?
A．Parents prefer to give more process responses.
B．Children are more likely to be affected by math anxiety.
C．Process responses help with children’s math achievement.
D．Person responses can discourage children from learning math.
33．What do researchers advise parents to do?
A．Restrict person responses.
B．Defend their own beliefs.
C．Stress children’s performance.
D．Ignore children’s math problems.
34．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Strategy Children Adopt to Learn Math Helps
B．The Way Parents Talk to Children on Math Matters
C．Responses to Enhance Children’s Math Performance
D．Suggestions for Parents to Teach Their Children Math

From cottages surrounded by impressive gardens to days spent exploring sandy beaches and deep woods filled with wildlife, in My Family and Other Animals, English writer Gerald Durrell provided a vivid account of his family’s time on the Greek island of Corfu in the 1930s.
Come for the arresting descriptions of Corfu landscapes and stay for Durrell’s laugh-out-loud tales of his unusual family. This book, Durrell wrote humorously in the introduction, “was intended to be a nostalgic (怀旧的) account of natural history, but in the first few pages, I made the mistake of introducing my family. ”
Durrell, later known for his zoo keeping and the preservation of wildlife, was just a child during his family’s five-year stay in Corfu. He is 10-year-old Gerry in the book — curious, passionate about animals and a detailed storyteller of his strange family: his imaginative elder brother Larry with his literary ambitions, lovestruck sister Margo, sporty brother Leslie and his ever-calm, loving mother.
Durrell’s attention to detail is what makes the book so winning, with every sight, sound and smell of the island brought to life. One minute you’ll be laughing as Larry’s clever literary friends walk down to the daffodil-yellow cottage, the next you’ll be catching your breath as Durrell describes swimming at night in the Ionian Sea: “Lying on my back in the silky water, staring at the sky, only moving my hands and feet slightly, I was looking at the Milky Way stretching like a silk scarf across the sky and wondering how many stars it contained. ”
My Family and Other Animals is quite difficult to classify, being one part travel, one part autobiography, one part natural history, and one part comedy, with a thread of descriptive language running throughout that sometimes raises it nearly to poetry.
As a real delight to read, it’s the perfect literary escapism for any adult or older teenager who is currently walking down a tough road in life.
35．Which word best describes Durrell’s life in Corfu?
A．Risky. B．Busy. C．Tough. D．Diverse.
36．What does the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 2?
A．I introduced my family by mistake.
B．I shouldn’t have introduced my family.
C．I couldn’t help introducing my family.
D．I gave wrong information about my family.
37．What are paragraph 4 and 5 mainly about?
A．The book’s writing feature.
B．Durrell’s rich imagination.
C．Some interesting plots of the book.
D．Some vivid descriptions of the island.
38．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To share an experience.
B．To recommend a book.
C．To introduce a writing style.
D．To describe an unusual place.

Willpower might be key to getting off the couch to exercise, but bacteria may lend a helping hand. Studies in mice suggest microbes(微生物) in the gut(肠道) may be behind differences in the desire to work out.
To explore why some people like to exercise and others don’t, microbiologist Christoph Thaiss studied mice bred to have a lot of genetic and behavioral variation. His team found huge difference in how far the mice ran on wheels in their cages.
The active and lazy mice didn’t show any significant differences in their genetics. But the researchers did notice one clue: When treated with antibiotics(抗生素), mice that were normally highly energetic tended to exercise less. Follow-up studies showed the antibiotic treatment affected the brains of the formerly active mice. The activity of certain brain genes declined, along with levels of dopamine(多巴胺), a material linked to “runner’s high”—the sense of well-being that comes with more exercise.
The team also found that “bacteria-free” mice, which lack gut bacteria, become more active when given some of the gut microbes from energetic mice. It appears those bacteria send a signal that interferes with a material responsible for breaking down dopamine in the brain, causing the material to build up in the brain’s reward center.
Will the finding hold in people? Studies have found that marathoners have high levels of a particular gut microbe, suggesting an exercise connection in people. And much work has proved the key role dopamine plays in motivating overall behavior. As Christoph Thaiss puts it, “This reward system is such a central aspect of physiology that it’s something almost certainly true in other mammals”—including humans.
39．What may contribute to the difference in mice’ desire to run?
A．Microbes. B．Brain. C．Gut. D．Genes.
40．What can we know about dopamine from the paragraph 3?
A．It affects the height of running mice.
B．It controls the activity of certain brain genes.
C．It is produced less when treated with antibiotics.
D．It is the sense of well-being coming with exercise.
41．What’s the structure of the text?
①=para 1    ②=para 2    ③=para 3    ④=para 4    ⑤=para 5
A．①②—③—④⑤ B．①②—③—④—⑤
C．①—②③④—⑤ D．①—②—③④⑤
42．What field is more likely to benefit from the study?
A．Medicine. B．Chemistry. C．Food. D．Ecology.

Small changes in atmospheric pressure can start a landslide in certain weather conditions. Understanding why will help us assess which slopes(斜坡) are at most risk of failing.
Just over a decade ago, there was huge surprise when it was discovered that the occasional sliding of the Slumgullion landslide in the San Juan mountains of south-west Colorado was caused by changes in atmospheric pressure.
We knew that landslides are initiated by earthquakes or heavy rains, but the Slumgullion findings raised the possibility that changes in atmospheric pressure could be setting hillsides on the move in other places too.
Now, Lucas Pelascini at the University of Rennes in France and his colleagues have fed weather and landslide data from Taiwan-where steep hillsides and typhoons are a recipe for frequent landslides—into a landslide model.
They found that typhoon events can get hillsides ready by bringing heavy rain and increasing the water pressure in the pores (气孔) between grains, but the condition of landslides depends on the weather over the previous months.
The model showed that heavy rain after a dry period pushes the water table up suddenly, causing a large and rapid change in pore pressure and an immediate landslide.
A typhoon’s rain falling no already soaked(浸湿的) ground, however, didn’t change pore pressure enough to cause a slide. A following change in atmospheric pressure—as the eye of the storm passes over, for example—was then enough to set things in motion. “The atmospheric effect will only provide the last push when rainfall can’t sink anymore, or when it is faster and affects the slope before the rainfall does,” says Pelascini.
The findings help to explain why some landslide events don’t occur until hours or even days after heavy rain has fallen. They also explain why Typhoon Morakot in 2009—Taiwan’s deadliest typhoon in recorded history-was so disastrous. The dry period before the typhoon meant the water table was low and resulted in a large and very sudden change in pore pressure, which immediately caused multiple landslides.
43．What is the cause of the Slumgullion landslide?
A．The force of earthquake. B．The warmth of climate.
C．The change in air pressure. D．The frequency of typhoon.
44．What does the underlined word “initiated” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Started. B．Limited. C．Disturbed. D．Changed.
45．What can be learnt from the landslide model?
A．Heavy rain after a dry period can cause a landslide.
B．A typhoon’s rain can be enough to cause a landslide.
C．The landslide model is based on theoretical reasoning.
D．Landslides have nothing to do with the previous weather.
46．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Earthquakes always give rise to landslides.
B．Air pressure changes can set off landslides.
C．Heavy rains caused the Slumgullion landslide.
D．Typhoon Morakot led to the deadliest landslide.

It is reported that the sense of smell plays a dominant role in the social interactions of all land animals except humans. Then the question arises: Is this because humans don’t use their noses in social settings the way all other land animals do? Or is this behavior covert (隐蔽的), rather than overt, in humans?
In fact, this is exactly what Inbal Ravreby, a graduate student in Prof. Noam Sobel’s laboratory in Weizmann’s Brain Sciences Department, tried to answer. And as several lines of evidence suggest that humans are constantly, although mostly subconsciously, sniffing themselves and others, Ravreby supposed that the latter is the case.
To test her hypothesis, Ravreby conducted the study with pairs of click friends: same-sex nonromantic friends whose friendships had originally formed very rapidly. Because such friendships emerge prior to an in-depth acquaintance, they may be particularly influenced by physiological characteristics such as body smell. She then collected body smell samples from these click friends and conducted two sets of experiments to compare the samples with those collected from random pairs of individuals. In one set of experiments, she performed the comparison with a device known as an electronic nose, or eNose, which assessed the chemical signatures of the smells. In the other, she asked volunteers to smell the two groups of body smell samples in order to assess similarities measured by human perception. In both types of experiments, click friends were found to smell significantly more like each other than the individuals in the random pairs.
Next, to rule out the possibility that body smell similarity was a consequence of click friendships, rather than a contributing cause, Ravreby performed an additional set of experiments, in which she used the eNose to “smell” a number of volunteers who were complete strangers to one another, and then asked them to engage in nonverbal (非言语的) social interactions in pairs. After each such structured interaction, the participants rated the other individual in terms of how much they liked that person. Subsequent analysis revealed that the individuals who had more positive interactions indeed smelled more like each other, as determined by the eNose.
“These results imply that, as the saying goes, there is chemistry in social chemistry,” Ravreby concludes. However, Sobel offers words of caution, “This is not to say that we act like dogs or goats — humans likely rely on other, far more dominant signals in their social decision-making. Nevertheless, our study’s results do suggest that our nose plays a bigger role than previously thought in our choice of friends.”
47．What did Inbal Ravreby want to figure out?
A．Whether humans have a sharp sense of smell.
B．Whether humans’ noses can detect all types of smells.
C．Whether it is necessary for humans to sniff other people.
D．Whether the sense of smell plays a role in humans’ interaction.
48．What makes the first two sets of experiments different from each other?
A．The way to make comparisons. B．The participation of random pairs.
C．The way volunteers used the eNose. D．The number of pairs of click friends.
49．Why did Ravreby involve complete strangers in the following experiments?
A．To determine the reliability of the finding.
B．To avoid interactions between click friends.
C．To make the experiments much more interesting.
D．To test the accuracy of the eNose in smell analysis.
50．What is Sobel’s attitude towards the research finding?
A．Disapproving. B．Doubtful.
C．Positive. D．Indifferent.

Advanced technology brings with it a lot of benefits to us. You can now prevent the speech of a single target person from being recorded by using a device called voice jammer.
Voice jammers work much like noise-canceling headphones, which effectively remove unwanted background sound waves out of existence by playing back a copy of the unwanted sound with its wave pattern inverted (反向的).
Such voice jammers generally stop electronic eavesdropping (窃听) on conversations by broadcasting inverse sound waves that affect all microphones within earshot.
This can prevent nearby people’s phones from picking up their voices if they try to make a call, and can stop them interacting with smart assistants, warning that something strange is going on.
Now Qiben Yan at Michigan State University and his colleagues have created a voice jammer that can target a specific voice without causing interruption to anyone else. They did this by training an artificial intelligence called a neural network to isolate (隔断) a speaker’s voice, allowing the jammer to create an inverse sound matched to their speech.
Rather than sending an audible sound, their tool, called Neural Enhanced Cancellation (NEC), makes use of a bug found in all but the most expensive microphones. This bug introduces sounds at set distances above and below the microphone’s recording frequencies. NEC is able to play its inverse speech in the ultrasonic (超声波) range, so that humans can’t hear it. Doing this at the point of recording provides the necessary frequencies to secretly block an audible voice.
The team found that NEC blocked voices on a range of smartphones from Apple, Xiaomi and Samsung at a distance of up to 3.6 metres. And this technology could be useful.
51．How do voice jammers prevent a speech from being recorded?
A．By playing inverse sound waves. B．By interacting with smart assistants.
C．By keeping wave pattern unchanged. D．By broadcasting different sound waves.
52．What does Paragraph 6 focus on?
A．Stressing the importance of NEC． B．Showing the steps of using NEC．
C．Describing the disadvantages of NEC． D．Explaining the working theory of NEC．
53．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The NEC blocking voices. B．A device against eavesdropping.
C．A bug playing inverse sound waves. D．The technology changing the speech.
54．What might be discussed in the following paragraph?
A．Disadvantages of voice jammers. B．Public opinions on voice jammers.
C．Further development of voice jammers. D．Potential applications of voice jammers.

Check out our top 5 weather apps for your smart phones, which will keep you one step ahead of nature.
Tornado Warning and Alert AppThis app from the American Red Cross tracks a tornado as it approaches with step-by-step advice about what to do before the storm hits. A siren warning is built into the app and goes off when the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration issues a tornado warning in your area.
The Weather Channel AppThis app includes weekly weather forecasts from more than 200 meteorologists and lets you check what kind of weather lays ahead, complete with storm prediction maps. The Weather Channel App also alerts users to storm warning in the area.
Lightening FinderIf the goal is to get to the storm, rather than avoid it, this app is here to help. The Lightening Finder color — codes the age of the lightening bolt, and estimates a safe distance from which to watch it.
NOAA Weather Radio HDThis app broadcasts radio reports from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and gives you around-the-clock updates on the latest weather warnings, watches, advisories, and forecasts. Push notifications alert you to serious storm warnings in your area even when you are not currently using the application. The app also gives detailed four-day forecasts based on your GPS coordinates, or a chosen location.
Dark SkyStay dry with Dark Sky, which offers weather reports, including minute-by-minute rain forecasts for your exact location. To keep its predictions as accurate as possible, this app forecasts only one hour into the future.
55．If you want to keep track of daily weather changes, you may choose _________.
A．Lightening Finder B．The Weather Channel App
C．Tornado Warning and Alert App D．NOAA Weather Radio HD
56．Which of the following is TRUE about Dark Sky?
A．It is especially suitable to predict wet days.
B．It provides more services than the others.
C．It only offers accurate prediction for your area.
D．It keeps you aware of the weather days ahead.
57．The main differences of the five apps lie in _________.
A．user’s phones B．user’s locations
C．their images D．their functions

The Royal Ballet is to stage a performance featuring a disabled dancer, recognizing that being inclusive (包容) is “not just about diversity of race, but also about diversity of physical ability”.
Joe Powell-Main, who uses a wheelchair and sticks to perform, tells a story about overcoming life’s obstacles to pursue a dream that he has had since he was five. Having danced from the age of four, he won a place at the famous Royal Ballet School (RBS), even performing as a student in a Royal Ballet staging of The Nutcracker — only to see his hopes of becoming a professional dancer hit by a condition that affected his mobility.
During his fourth year of training, he developed injuries following a period of growth, leading to surgery on his left knee. Complications (并发症) developed and a serious car accident took a further toll on his body, bringing his training to an end. Aged 15, he was using a wheelchair and assumed he would never dance again.
But his life was transformed after his mother spotted a leaflet about wheelchair dancing, which played a part in helping him to accept his disability. Powell-Main recalled, “When I acquired my disability, I completely thought dance wasn’t an option for me and was completely over. Then why not ballet? In terms of partnering, it’s a new way of doing things.”
He took part in the Royal Ballet’s platform Draft Works, which has now been extended and he’ll perform it as a 10-minute duet (双人舞) with Lubach. “Powell-Main made an impression on me. Dancing with him was really special, which has opened up refreshing possibilities, new ways of partnering, sharing weight between each other, using speed and dynamic in different ways,” Lubach said.
Emma Southworth, the Royal Ballet’s creative producer, said, “If someone has a wheelchair, what are the possibilities of moving in a wheelchair? If the stick becomes the extension of the arm, what does that mean? If we’re really being properly inclusive, we’ve got to look at how we work with disabled performers.”
58．What was a turning point in Powell-Main’s life?
A．A serious car accident. B．The surgery on his left knee.
C．A leaflet about wheelchair dancing. D．The performance in The Nutcracker.
59．What does the underlined word “toll” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Step. B．Risk. C．Break. D．Damage.
60．What can we learn about Powell-Main?
A．He refused to submit to the fate despite his disability.
B．He has been suffering from the knee injuries since he was five.
C．He stood out in RBS due to his hard work and professional skills.
D．His dancing career was totally ruined by the unexpected car accident.
61．What might be the best title?
A．A special performance B．A life full of obstacles
C．A unique wheelchair dancer D．The Royal Ballet’s rich diversity

Matthew Kneale is the award-winning author of fiction and non-fiction, including English passengers, which won the Whitbread Book Award. He shares the books that have changed his life.
The adventures of Tintin by Hergé
As a child I loved the Tintin books — for their adventures, their characters and their stylish illustrations. Though Hergé visited almost none of the faraway places he drew, he captured (捕捉) them perfectly. His images, whether of Peru, Arabia, India or China, stayed with me and later, when I became a keen traveler, Tintin’s destinations were the places that I most wanted to reach. I never saw them all, needless to say, but I got to quite a few.
Stig of the Dump by Clive King
This was another book I loved as a child — the story of a boy who is bored staying with his grandparents, when he runs into Stig, a friendly Stone Age man. When my father read it to my sister and me, I was already fascinated by history and I loved the way the book captured the mystery of our distant, unrecorded past. Its charm stayed with me and much later I spent many a weekend driving around Britain, getting lost on small country roads, looking for prehistoric tombs and stone circles. There’s something breathtaking about these places, which are often in extraordinary locations.
I Claudius / Claudius the God by Robert Graves
When I first saw Rome, aged eight, I was amazed by the city’s layers of history and this same magic led me to come and live here, 20 years ago. I first read I Claudius as a teenager and was attracted by the story of friendly, stammering, ridiculed Claudius, who grows up in the vipers’ nest of Rome’s imperial family and who, against all the odds, as his relatives destroy one another, survives and rises. Graves, a fine scholar, has a talent for making the past spring to life, in all its nastiness and wonder. In my own writing, fiction and non-fiction, I’ve tried to follow his example — to make history shocked, as it should do.
62．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Rich travel experience shaped Herge.
B．Stig of the Dump is adapted from a true story.
C．Matthew showed great interest in history as a child.
D．The close family relationship helped Claudius’ growth.
63．Why does Matthew share the three books?
A．Because they manage to bring the past back to life.
B．Because they are great representatives of non-fictions.
C．Because they are known for their stylish illustrations.
D．Because they make a great difference to Matthew’s life.
64．Where can we probably find the passage?
A．In a magazine. B．In a history book.
C．In a travel brochure. D．In an advertisement.

Unless you’re blind or know someone who is, you might not know that blind people use the same smartphones as sighted people. In fact, many blind people use touch-screen smartphones every day. The secret is that smartphones have a screen reader, a tool that allows blind people to use a mix of gestures and taps, along with vibrations (震动) or audio feedback, to use their apps.
Screen readers work on desktop computers as well as mobile devices. A well-designed website or app user interface (用户界面) makes the information on the website or app accessible to the screen reader, which makes it accessible to blind users. However, a badly designed website or application will turn out to be invisible to a screen reader.
Many designers find a good way to make technology available to all, which can be explained through an example — the whole touch screen. It was reported that blind users found locating small icons and specific numbers on the on-screen keypad(键盘) difficult. At present, the prevailing solution to this problem is to use the whole touch screen as an input control. Instead of having to touch a particular part of the screen, users can tap anywhere in response to audio instructions. These insights would have been impossible without involving people with different disabilities in the evaluation and design of touch screens.
Yet many technologies are still not accessible to users with disabilities. One way to make apps and websites more accessible is to have people with disabilities designing the technologies. But the design process itself is not very accessible to those very people, because very few tools in user interface designers’ toolbox are accessible. It’s a catch-22.
Our recent research evaluated the existing prototyping software, a tool allowing user interface designers to create temporary models to show clients or to test among users. We found that most popular prototyping software fails to work together with screen readers. Therefore, blind designers cannot use the prototyping software to create models of their own. This is where the problem is in the process of creating accessible technology.
Accessibility is an issue that touches everyone. Providing access to technology is legally required in most cases. While it is useful for designers to be aware of how users with disabilities interact with technologies, the most powerful insights may come from those with disabilities themselves.
65．What’s the major difference between a well-designed app and a badly designed one?
A．The former functions well with a screen reader.
B．The former is applicable to most mobile devices.
C．The latter fails to interact with desktop computers.
D．The latter’s complex mix of information distracts users.
66．What do many designers think is a good way to make technology friendly to all?
A．Evaluating users’ response to on-screen keypads.
B．Making input and output controls easy to operate.
C．Creating special icons and numbers for blind people.
D．Including disabled people in the development process.
67．What does the underlined word “catch-22” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Priority. B．Prejudice.
C．Dilemma. D．Puzzle.
68．What’s the author’s purpose in writing this text?
A．To show disabled people’s difficulty in using digital devices.
B．To urge people to be concerned about the situation of the disabled.
C．To inform us of the specific needs of the disabled in the digital era.
D．To stress the importance of engaging the disabled in technology development.

Seyton Thomas is a college student with a heart of giving. She has experienced challenges in her life that sculpted her drive to light a spark in young children from all backgrounds to develop leadership, perseverance, compassion and self-love. She says, “Service is what saved me, and I hope that this is a message that I can spread to the youth across the world.”
During the pandemic, Seyton Thomas organized a diverse group of young people to help a local crisis center. The Community Crisis Center in Miami, Oklahoma, is a home that gives shelter and other services to women and children who are suffering from domestic abuse. The crisis center depends on volunteers to help the women and children receive encouragement and a break from stress, but the pandemic made volunteer interaction difficult.
Seyton got the idea from the crisis center director of painting encouraging messages on stones and hiding them in the lawn of the crisis center for the children to find. Seyton pulled together other students from the Phi Theta Kappa Honor Society and her college soccer team. Together the young people collected stones, painted kind messages and filled two boxes full of fun and colorful stones. Then they gave them to the crisis center to hide. The children at the crisis center were delighted to find and read these messages. They thought highly of the experience as well as the words coming from community members who took time to make them realize they were valued.
Seyton reflects with the group of volunteers that the project is a great way to bring people together positively in the community to do something for the good of others. They talk about how serving others can make a difference to someone’s life. It seems that the deed is as small as a stone, but the impact can be as large as a mountain.
69．Whom does the Community Crisis Center mainly help?
A．Poor families. B．Homeless orphans.
C．Victims of family violence. D．Pandemic disease sufferers.
70．How did Seyton Thomas help the crisis center?
A．By raising a fund for all kids in the center.
B．By spreading useful news about the pandemic.
C．By encouraging her soccer team members to donate.
D．By presenting inspiring messages to children in the center.
71．What kind of person is Seyton Thomas?
A．Curious and optimistic. B．Kind-hearted and caring.
C．Serious and modest. D．Creative and educated.
72．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Small stones make a big difference
B．Volunteer work has great benefits
C．Find hope during difficult times
D．Giving is better than receiving

It is an unpleasant extinction that will change the world and how people communicate: within 20 years, two thirds of all the planet’s languages will be dead.
Experts agree that nothing can stop it happening but one academic is trying her hardest to slow it down. Professor Antonella Sorace is one of a growing number who believe learning a second language has enormous untapped benefits for the human brain. This is true not only for young children but also for adults and people at risk from dementia (痴呆), where research consistently shows that learning a new language could delay the start of the disease for four to five years — a better result than with any medication to date.
It is those benefits of bilingualism (双语) that should encourage us to preserve and protect Europe’s minority languages — Gaelic, Manx, Cornish and Ulster Scots, she says.
Already her work and the project she founded three years ago in Edinburgh, Bilingualism Matters — now expanding across Europe and in the US — have convinced the Scottish government to introduce languages to primary schools. From 2023 all Scottish children will be learning a language other than English in their first year at school, with two other languages to be introduced later.
Bilingualism Matters is also working to encourage businesses to consider the benefits of their staff learning languages. “In business, people say ‘English is the language of business, why would I need to learn another language?’” said Sorace. “Maybe it would mean you could do better business.”
Just as disappearing forests take with them secrets of undiscovered medicines, disappearing languages can take the key to a longer and better quality of life. The first battle is to unpick the popular assumption that bilingualism might damage children’s brains. There were even suggestions it could encourage schizophrenia (精神分裂症).
Study after study has shown the opposite to be true, says Sorace. “These prejudices are deeply rooted, but we are perhaps halfway to persuading people that the brain can cope. Then we have to persuade people that it is actually of benefit.”
73．What will happen to the majority of the world’s languages?
A．They will become extinct in decades. B．They will be learnt by more academics.
C．They will prevent the risk of dementia. D．They will help people better communicate.
74．What’s Bilingualism Matters intended to do?
A．Find a replacement for English. B．Teach businesses marketing skills.
C．Promote minority language learning. D．Influence governments’ policy making.
75．What’s the top priority in preserving minority languages?
A．Getting rid of people’s fear for mental illnesses. B．Finding the key to promoting people’s welfare.
C．Unlocking the secrets of undiscovered medicines. D．Correcting the misconception about Bilingualism.
76．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．The benefits of Bilingualism B．The founding of Bilingualism Matters
C．A new challenge facing language teaching D．A professor fighting to save minority languages














参考答案：
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D

【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了专家给出坏建议很常见。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Warren Buffett’s father told him not to go into securities (证券). Oprah was warned that moving to Chicago would destroy her career. These stories of famous people being told not to do the very thing that later made them hugely successful are entertaining, but they also show a larger point. Bad advice is very common.(沃伦·巴菲特的父亲告诉他不要进入证券行业。有人警告奥普拉，搬到芝加哥会毁了她的事业。这些名人被告知不要做后来让他们获得巨大成功的事情的故事很有趣，但它们也表明了一个更重要的问题。坏建议很常见。)”可知，作者提到巴菲特和奥普拉的故事是为了引出坏建议很常见这个话题。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“As investor Paul Graham has said, “When experts are wrong, it’s often because they’re experts on an earlier version of the world.”(正如投资人保罗·格雷厄姆所说:“当专家们犯错时，往往是因为他们是对世界早期版本的专家。”)”可知，根据Paul Graham的看法，专家有时候给出坏的建议是因为他们把自己的建议建立在先前的知识基础上。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段““When people come to us for advice, we can stop ourselves from giving them a suggestion immediately,” he, well, advises.( “当人们向我们寻求建议时，我们可以阻止自己立即给他们建议，”他建议道。)”可推知，划线词所在的句子意思是：在《纽约时报》的一篇文章中，沃顿商学院教授亚当·格兰特(Adam Grant)给出了一个简单的建议——不要再提建议。Prescription意为“建议”。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Instead, provide a framework (框架) for making the decision. That way advice seekers can put their own variables (交量) into your system and see what answer it gives. This also offers them a chance to develop their own decision-making muscles.( 相反，要提供一个做决定的框架。这样，寻求建议的人就可以把他们自己的变量放入你的系统中，看看它会给出什么答案。这也为他们提供了一个发展自己决策能力的机会。)”可知，关于提供建议作者建议帮助人们发展一种更完整的方式来考虑他们的选择。故选D。
5．B 6．C 7．A 8．A

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道的主要内容是：华裔女演员Anna May Wong成为第一个出现在美国货币上的亚裔美国人。
5．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The news of Chinese American actress Anna May Wong becoming the first Asian American to be featured on US currency—the quarter (25美分)—has been met with excitement and hope from the Asian American community.（华裔女演员Anna May Wong成为第一个出现在美国货币上的亚裔美国人(25美分)的消息让亚裔美国人社区充满了兴奋和希望）”可知，这篇新闻b报道的主要内容是：华裔女演员Anna May Wong成为第一个出现在美国货币上的亚裔美国人。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“She fell in love with films and acted at a young age. Wong was 14 when she played her first role as an extra in the film The Red Lantern. At age 17, Wong got her first leading role in The Toll of the Sea.（她在很小的时候就爱上了电影和表演。Wong在电影《红灯笼》中担任临时演员时才14岁。17岁时，Wong在《海逝》中得到了她的第一个主角角色）”可知，Wong年轻时就展示了她的表演天赋。故选C项。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Wong was given the part of an important and kind Chinese American doctor in The King of Chinatown in 1939. Her role in that film was considered a breakthrough(突破)for Wong and other Asian American performers.（1939年，Wong在《唐人街之王》中获得了一个重要而善良的华裔美国医生的角色。她在这部电影中的角色被认为是Wong和其他亚裔美国演员的一个突破）”可知，Wong在《唐人街之王》中扮演的医生对她来说是一个突破。故选A项。
8．词句猜测题。根据划线单词前的the new quarter和文章第一段“The news of Chinese American actress Anna May Wong becoming the first Asian American to be featured on US currency—the quarter (25美分)—has been met with excitement and hope from the Asian American community.（华裔女演员Anna May Wong成为第一个出现在美国货币上的亚裔美国人(25美分)的消息让亚裔美国人社区充满了兴奋和希望）”可知，划线单词momentous是用来形容Anna May Wong出现在美国硬币上这件事，这件事肯定是“有重大历史意义的，历史性的”。故选A项。
9．C 10．B 11．A 12．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者十岁的时候，全家搬到了城市的另一边。作者被迫也离开了熟悉的圣保罗的学校，成为圣特蕾莎学校的“新生”，在这里作者很孤独，文章主要讲述了作者在这所新学校的经历。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“ I struggled to break into the crowd and spent lunchtime playing alone.”（我努力要融入人群中，午饭时间一个人玩耍。）第六、七段“Silence fell over the room. The other kids looked confused, but Mr Hutchison could see the eagerness in my eyes. No one else had ever been so excited to pray for anyone in his class.”（教室里一片寂静。其他孩子看起来很困惑，但是Hutchison 老师从我的眼睛里看到了渴望。从来没有人如此兴奋地在课堂上祈祷。）可知，作者到了新学校后很孤独，他想通过这个祈祷活动，让自己融入到同学中，即他需要一个引人注目的理由。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“I did it! This must be another way we kids make new friends: you just pray for someone.”（我做到了! 这一定是我们孩子交新朋友的另一种方式：你只是为某人祈祷。）可知，作者通过这个活动，成功地交到了朋友，让自己变得不再孤独。故选B。
11．推理判断题。结合文章第二段内容可知，作者偶尔从收音机中听到的一位已经逝者的祈祷，名字为Roy Orbison，所以在课堂上的祈祷活动中，作者说他想为Roy Orbison祈祷，通过这次活动，作者最后交到了朋友，倒数两段“I had never met Roy Orbison, nor did I have his album. But because of Roy, a little girl named Christine came up to me and said, “I’m really sorry for your loss. If you’re not busy with the funeral(葬礼), maybe you can come over and play after school.”Thanks to Roy and Christine, I was lonely no more.”（我从没见过 Roy Orbison 也没有他的专辑。但是因为罗伊，一个叫克里斯汀的小女孩走过来对我说，“我对你的损失深表遗憾。如果你不忙葬礼的话，也许你可以放学后过来玩。”多亏了罗伊和克里斯汀，我不再孤单了。）因而文章使用了幽默的语气。故选A。
12．推理判断题。结合文章倒数两段“I had never met Roy Orbison, nor did I have his album. But because of Roy, a little girl named Christine came up to me and said, “I’m really sorry for your loss. If you’re not busy with the funeral(葬礼), maybe you can come over and play after school.”Thanks to Roy and Christine, I was lonely no more.”（我从没见过 Roy Orbison 也没有他的专辑。但是因为罗伊，一个叫克里斯汀的小女孩走过来对我说，“我对你的损失深表遗憾。如果你不忙葬礼的话，也许你可以放学后过来玩。”多亏了罗伊和克里斯汀，我不再孤单了。）可知，作者在课堂上为他偶然听到的名字祈祷，最后成功地交到了一个朋友，表明生活中充满着意想不到的奇迹，故选B。
13．B 14．A 15．B

【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍《中国日报》网站邀请摄影爱好者从2022年10月20日至2023年2月20日拍摄描述中国西南部美丽四川的照片和短视频，参加名为“美丽四川的约会”的评选活动。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段“China Daily website is inviting photography-lovers to take photos and short videos that describe beautiful Sichuan in Southwest China from Oct 20, 2022 until Feb 20, 2023. (《中国日报》网站邀请摄影爱好者从2022年10月20日至2023年2月20日拍摄描述中国西南部美丽四川的照片和短视频。)”可知，这次活动从2022年10月20日至2023年2月20日，持续4个月。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据Requirements部分“The submitted works should be original (提交的作品应为原创作品)”可知，提交的作品应为原创作品。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据题目“A Date with Beautiful Sichuan (与美丽四川的约会)”和第一段“China Daily website is inviting photography-lovers to take photos and short videos that describe beautiful Sichuan in Southwest China from Oct 20, 2022 until Feb 20, 2023. The event called “A Date with Beautiful Sichuan” is hosted by Sichuan Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism and China Daily website. (《中国日报》网站邀请摄影爱好者从2022年10月20日至2023年2月20日拍摄描述中国西南部美丽四川的照片和短视频。这场名为“美丽四川的约会”的活动由四川省文化和旅游厅和中国日报网站主办。)”可知，这篇文章属于告知类的消息通知，应该是选自于报纸。故选B。
16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D

【导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述珊瑚礁作为水下墙壁可以帮助减少飓风对沿海社区的影响。然而，世界上一半的珊瑚礁已经消失。为了保护我们的社区，保持海洋生态系统的活力，作者呼吁大家需要立即保护珊瑚礁。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, coral reefs are especially easy to be influenced by climate change. Overfishing and pollution have also proved very dangerous to them. Since 1950, half of the world’s coral reefs have already been lost. (然而，珊瑚礁特别容易受到气候变化的影响。过度捕捞和污染也被证明对它们非常危险。自1950年以来，世界上一半的珊瑚礁已经消失。)”可知，目前珊瑚礁面临灭绝的危险。故选B项。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“During a Category 3 hurricane in 2015 in Australia, the coral reefs effectively protected the eastern shoreline from flooding.(2015年澳大利亚遭遇3级飓风时，珊瑚礁有效地保护了东部海岸线免受洪水侵袭。)”可知，2015年澳大利亚遭到飓风的严重破坏。故选A项。
18．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The University of Miami researchers are testing to plant new coral reefs while others are actively looking for effective methods to reduce the acidity of sea water. The governments have also paid more attention to these actions and provided enough money for reef restoration. With these efforts, we may address climate threats to coral reefs and they can carry on protecting our communities.(迈阿密大学的研究人员正在试验种植新的珊瑚礁，而其他人则在积极寻找降低海水酸度的有效方法。政府也对这些行动给予了更多的关注，并为珊瑚礁的恢复提供了足够的资金。通过这些努力，我们可以应对气候对珊瑚礁的威胁，珊瑚礁也可以继续保护我们的社区。)”可知，在各方努力下，未来珊瑚礁可以应对潜在威胁，有更多的珊瑚礁可以出现。故选C项。
19．推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“To protect our communities and keep sea ecosystems alive, we need to protect coral reefs right away.(为了保护我们的社区，保持海洋生态系统的活力，我们需要立即保护珊瑚礁。)”可知，本文作者写这篇文章强调了珊瑚礁对人类生活环境的重要性，呼吁人们保护珊瑚礁也是保护我们自己的家园。故选D项。
20．C 21．D 22．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几处适合冲浪的地方以及冲浪运动发展的时间线。
20．细节理解题。根据Ericeira, Portugal部分“Rugged cliff faces and highly varied surf breaks make this an ideal destination for surfers of all abilities, from beginner to professional.(突兀的悬崖表面和丰富多彩的冲浪间隙使这里成为从初学者到专业人士的各种能力冲浪者的理想目的地)”可知，Ericeira, Portugal适合所有级别的冲浪者。故选C项。
21．细节理解题。根据A Timeline Of Surfing部分“3000-1000 BC: Evidence suggests Peruvian fishermen used to build and ride surfboards.(公元前3000-公元前1000年：有证据表明，秘鲁渔民曾建造和骑冲浪板)”可知，秘鲁渔民在更早的时候建造和骑冲浪板可能是真的。故选D项。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一行“For more information, click here.(更多详细信息，请单击此处)”可知，想要得到更多信息，可以单击最后一行，推测文章来自网页，你可以在网站上读到这篇文章。故选C项。
23．B 24．C 25．D 26．C

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过母亲治疗眼睛就医的经历，阐述改善医疗保健的关键是更好的倾听。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Have you ever got frightened for being seriously ill but some doctors’ caring words cured you right away? Or have you ever felt moved deeply when doctors listened to you patiently?(您是否曾经因为身患重病而感到害怕，但一些医生的关怀话语立即治愈了您？或者当医生耐心地听你说话时，你有没有感到深深的感动？)”可知，此处讲述的是就医的相关话题，结合下文中作者列举的母亲就医的经历可以推断，第一段中的两个问题是引出本文的话题，用提问的方式引起读者的注意。故选B项。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When I telephoned her that evening to see how it went, she replied, “Oh, it was wonderful. They were so lovely and kind.”(那天晚上我打电话给她看看情况如何时，她回答说：“哦，这太棒了。他们非常可爱和善良。)”可知，作者询问母亲的就医情况是，母亲在夸奖医生们，说明母亲这次就医感到满意。故选C项。
25．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Maybe the key to improving healthcare is better listening.(也许改善医疗保健的关键是更好地倾听。)”可知，作者认为，改善医疗保健的关键是更好的倾听。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“What mattered to her was that a nurse met her at the door and helped her to her seat. Another nurse offered to get my mum a sandwich when lunch came. The doctor touched her knee and listened to her as she explained what had happened, asking about how the loss of sight had affected her life.(对她来说重要的是，一位护士在门口迎接她，并扶她坐下。午餐到来时，另一位护士主动给我妈妈买了一个三明治。医生摸了摸她的膝盖，听她解释发生了什么事，询问失明如何影响她的生活。)”可知，作者的母亲就医时，护士无微不至地照顾，搀扶，送餐，医生倾听母亲的情况，由此可以推断，作者对医护人员很是赞成。故选C项。
27．B 28．C 29．D 30．D

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文解释了从历史角度看非洲野生动物制片人以及拍摄者遭受到西方社会的偏见，同时指出在当今快速发展的时代，非洲野生动物电影人应该不断崛起，利用本地特色的故事资源，讲好非洲大陆的故事，呼吁非洲本地人民拯救我们大陆丰富的野生动物。
27．推理判断题。根据第二段中“When the colonialists ruled Africa, they seized control of the continent’s wildlife and other natural resources. They saw African wildlife as “big game” and the continent’s first protected natural areas were game reserves created by driving away locals for the benefit of white hunters.(当殖民主义者统治非洲时，他们控制了非洲大陆的野生动物和其他自然资源。他们视非洲野生动物为“大买卖”，非洲大陆的第一个自然保护区是为了白人猎人的利益而赶走当地人而建立的野生动物保护区。)”可知，考虑到历史因素，非洲大陆的野生动物和其他的历史资源在西方人眼中是巨大的利益，而当地非洲人保护野生动物的兴趣很少被考虑到，因为非洲野生动物电影拍摄者很少是因为非洲摄影者很少被西方人所考虑到即西方人掌控者拍摄非洲动物的主动权。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Africans -like me who tried to get involved in wildlife conservation were made to feel out of place. When I was first interviewed by a British film crew, my interview was cut at the editing stage and replaced by a white man, just because I was an African.(像我这样试图参与野生动物保护的非洲人会感到格格不入。当我第一次接受英国摄制组的采访时，我的采访在剪辑阶段就被剪掉了，取而代之的是一个白人，就因为我是非洲人。)”可知，就是因为作者是非洲人因此在采访的影片中被剪掉了，由此体现出对非洲人的偏见。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Africa was the setting for some of the most popular films about wildlife, but these films were made by western-owned production companies for Western audiences, and most Africans never even got to see them.(非洲是一些最受欢迎的野生动物电影的取景地，但这些电影是由西方公司为西方观众制作的，大多数非洲人甚至都没有机会看到它们。)”以及“We urgently needed wildlife films made by Africans, about Africans and for Africans. (我们迫切需要由非洲人制作、关于非洲人、为非洲人拍摄的野生动物电影。)”可知，非洲人渴望在野生动物电影制作中拥有发言权。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据第一段中“I am an Africa wildlife filmmaker. But wildlife filmmakers from Africa are rarer than mountain gorillas(大猩猩). To understand why there are so few, we need to remember our recent history.(我是一名非洲野生动物制片人。但来自非洲的野生动物电影人比山地大猩猩还罕见。为了理解为什么它们如此之少，我们需要记住我们的近代史。)”以及最后一段中“Our African wildlife filmmakers’ mission is to draw on the power of local storytelling to inspire our people to save our continent’s rich wildlife.(我们非洲野生动物电影人的使命是利用当地讲故事的力量，激励我们的人民拯救我们大陆丰富的野生动物。)”可知，本文解释了从历史角度看非洲野生动物制片人以及拍摄者遭受到西方社会的偏见，同时指出在当今快速发展的时代，非洲野生动物电影人应该不断崛起，利用本地特色的故事资源，讲好非洲大陆的故事，呼吁非洲本地人民拯救我们大陆丰富的野生动物。故文章的目的是解释为什么需要更多的非洲电影人。故选D。
31．C 32．D 33．A 34．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要内容是说父母对孩子的数学学习做出不同的反应，会对孩子产生不同的作用；用与个人特征或天生能力相关的反应来鼓励孩子，可能会削弱他们的数学动机和成绩，所以建议家长在家里限制这种类型的反应。
31．推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“Parents who make comments linking their children’s performance to personal characteristics like intelligence are using what’s referred to as person responses. In contrast, parents who link their children’s actions, such as efforts or strategy use, to their performance are using process responses.(将孩子的表现与智力等个人特征联系起来的父母使用的是所谓的‘个人反应’。相比之下，将孩子的行为(如努力或策略的使用)与他们的表现联系起来的父母使用的是‘过程反应’)”可知，使用“过程反应”的父母，将孩子的行为（如努力或策略的使用）与他们的表现联系起来，而C项“What works well for your study?（什么对你的学习有帮助?）”谈论的是孩子的学习策略，属于“过程反应”。故选C项。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段的句子“Recently, a new study, conducted by the University of Georgia, found that encouraging children with responses related to their personal characteristics or inborn abilities might weaken their math motivation and achievement over time.(最近，佐治亚大学进行的一项新研究发现，随着时间的推移，用与个人特征或天生能力相关的反应来鼓励孩子，可能会削弱他们的数学动机和成绩)”和第四段最后一句“While responses highlighting strategy and efforts are not related to any achievement outcomes, children who receive more responses about their personal characteristics — in particular, related to failure — are more likely to avoid harder math problems, exhibit higher levels of math anxiety, and score lower on math achievement tests.(虽然强调策略和努力的反应与任何成绩结果无关，但收到更多关于个人特征——特别是与失败有关——反应的孩子，更有可能避免更难的数学问题，表现出更高水平的数学焦虑，在数学成绩测试中得分更低)”可知，“个人反应”会阻碍孩子学习数学。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话“Because person responses predict poor math adjustment in children over time, researchers suggest parents limit this type of responses at home.(由于“个人反应”预示着随着时间的推移，孩子的数学适应能力会下降，研究人员建议家长在家里限制这种类型的反应)”可知，研究人员建议家长在家里限制“个人反映”这种类型的反应。故选A项。
34．主旨大意题。这篇文章主要内容是说父母对孩子的数学学习做出不同的反应，会对孩子产生不同的作用；用与个人特征或天生能力相关的反应来鼓励孩子，可能会削弱他们的数学动机和成绩，所以建议家长在家里限制这种类型的反应。所以B项“The Way Parents Talk to Children on Math Matters(父母与孩子谈论数学的方式很重要)”作为本文的题目与文章主题相符合。故选B项。
35．D 36．C 37．A 38．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章推荐了英国作家Gerald Durrell的一本书——《我的家人和其他动物》。
35．推理判断题。根据第二段中“From cottages surrounded by impressive gardens to days spent exploring sandy beaches and deep woods filled with wildlife, in My Family and Other Animals, English writer Gerald Durrell provided a vivid account of his family’s time on the Greek island of Corfu in the 1930s. (从被令人印象深刻的花园包围的小屋，到探索沙滩和充满野生动物的深林的日子，在《我的家人和其他动物》一书中，英国作家Gerald Durrell生动地描述了20世纪30年代他的家人在希腊科孚岛的时光。)”可知，Durrell在科孚岛的生活是多样的。故选D项。
36．词句猜测题。根据语境和划线句前文“was intended to be a nostalgic(怀旧的)account of natural history, but in the first few pages,(本想成为一本关于自然史的怀旧书，)”可知，作者原本想写一本关于自然史的怀旧书，从而推知，划线词句“but in the first few pages, I made the mistake of introducing my family. (但在前几页，我错误地介绍了我的家人。)”其中划线部分应为“我情不自禁地介绍了自己的家人”的意思。故选C项。
37．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Durrell’s attention to detail is what makes the book so winning, with every sight, sound and smell of the island brought to life. (Durrell对细节的关注使这本书如此引人入胜，岛上的每一个景象、声音和气味都栩栩如生。)”和第五段“My Family and Other Animals is quite difficult to classify, being one part travel, one part autobiography, one part natural history, and one part comedy, with a thread of descriptive language running throughout that sometimes raises it nearly to poetry. (《我的家庭和其他动物》很难归类，一部分是游记，一部分是自传，一部分是自然历史，一部分是喜剧，一种描述性的语言贯穿始终，有时几乎把它提升到诗歌的境界。)”可知，这两段主要介绍了这本书的写作特点。故选A项。
38．推理判断题。通读全文，根据最后一段“As a real delight to read, it’s the perfect literary escapism for any adult or older teenager who is currently walking down a tough road in life. (作为一种真正的阅读乐趣，对于任何目前正走在艰难人生道路上的成年人或年龄较大的青少年来说，这是一种完美的文学逃避。)”可知，这篇文章的目的是为了推荐这本《我的家庭和其他动物》。故选B项。
39．A 40．C 41．C 42．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过对小鼠的研究表明，肠道中的微生物可能是锻炼欲望差异的背后原因。
39．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Studies in mice suggest microbes(微生物) in the gut(肠道) may be behind differences in the desire to work out.(对小鼠的研究表明，肠道中的微生物可能是锻炼欲望差异的背后原因。)”可知，是微生物导致了老鼠跑步欲望的不同。故选A项。
40．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Follow-up studies showed the antibiotic treatment affected the brains of the formerly active mice. The activity of certain brain genes declined, along with levels of dopamine(多巴胺), a material linked to “runner’s high”—the sense of well-being that comes with more exercise.(后续研究表明，抗生素治疗影响了先前活跃的小鼠的大脑。某些大脑基因的活性下降了，多巴胺水平也下降了，多巴胺是一种与“跑步者快感”有关的物质，跑步者的快感来自于更多的运动。)”可知，从第三段中我们可以了解到当使用抗生素治疗时，多巴胺的产生会减少。故选C项。
41．推理判断题。分析全文可知，文章第1段整体概括了文章主题，第2段至第4段介绍了研究小组的探究过程，第5段提出了研究总结，所以文章属于总分总的结构。故选C项。
42．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章通过对小鼠的研究表明，肠道中的微生物可能是锻炼欲望差异的背后原因，肠道微生物等都与医学有关，所以医学领域更有可能从这项研究中受益。故选A项。
43．C 44．A 45．A 46．B

【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了解大气压力的微小变化可能引发滑坡的原因将有助于我们评估哪些斜坡最容易坍塌。
43．细节理解题。根据第二段“Just over a decade ago, there was huge surprise when it was discovered that the occasional sliding of the Slumgullion landslide in the San Juan mountains of south-west Colorado was caused by changes in atmospheric pressure.(就在十多年前，人们发现科罗拉多州西南部圣胡安山区的Slumgullion滑坡的偶尔滑动是由大气压力的变化引起的，这让人感到非常惊讶)”可知，Slumgullion滑坡的原因是大气压力的变化。故选C。
44．词义猜测题。根据第三段“We knew that landslides are initiated by earthquakes or heavy rains, but the Slumgullion findings raised the possibility that changes in atmospheric pressure could be setting hillsides on the move in other places too.(我们知道山体滑坡是由地震或暴雨 initiated，但Slumgullion的发现提出了一种可能性，即大气压力的变化也可能导致其他地方的山坡移动)”可知，这里是在说山体滑坡开始的原因。由此推知initiate意为“引起”，和start的意思相近。故选A。
45．细节理解题。根据第六段“The model showed that heavy rain after a dry period pushes the water table up suddenly, causing a large and rapid change in pore pressure and an immediate landslide.(该模型显示，干旱期过后的暴雨会突然推动地下水位上升，导致孔隙压力发生巨大而迅速的变化，并立即发生滑坡)”可知，从滑坡模型来看干旱期过后的大雨会导致山体滑坡。故选A。
46．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Small changes in atmospheric pressure can start a landslide in certain weather conditions. Understanding why will help us assess which slopes(斜坡) are at most risk of failing.(在某些天气条件下，大气压力的微小变化可能引发滑坡。了解其中的原因将有助于我们评估哪些斜坡最容易坍塌)”以及第三段“but the Slumgullion findings raised the possibility that changes in atmospheric pressure could be setting hillsides on the move in other places too.(但Slumgullion的发现提出了一种可能性，即大气压力的变化也可能导致其他地方的山坡移动)”可知，本文主要讲述了气压变化会引发山体滑坡。B项“Air pressure changes can set off landslides.(气压变化会引发山体滑坡)”适合作最佳标题。故选B。
47．D 48．A 49．A 50．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员进行研究，证明人类的鼻子在选择朋友时所起的作用比以前想象的更大。
47．推理判断题。根据第一段“It is reported that the sense of smell plays a dominant role in the social interactions of all land animals except humans. Then the question arises: Is this because humans don’t use their noses in social settings the way all other land animals do? Or is this behavior covert, rather than overt, in humans?(据报道，嗅觉在除人类之外的所有陆地动物的社会互动中起着主导作用。那么问题来了：这是因为人类不像其他陆地动物那样在社交环境中使用鼻子吗？或者人类的这种行为是隐蔽的，而不是公开的？)”以及第二段“In fact, this is exactly what Inbal Ravreby, a graduate student in Prof. Noam Sobel’s laboratory in Weizmann’s Brain Sciences Department, tried to answer.(事实上，这正是魏兹曼脑科学系诺姆·索贝尔教授实验室的研究生Inbal Ravreby试图回答的问题)”可推知，Inbal Ravreby想弄清楚的是嗅觉是否在人类的互动中起作用。故选D项。
48．细节理解题。根据第三段“In one set of experiments, she performed the comparison with a device known as an electronic nose, or eNose, which assessed the chemical signatures of the smells. In the other, she asked volunteers to smell the two groups of body smell samples in order to assess similarities measured by human perception. In both types of experiments, click friends were found to smell significantly more like each other than the individuals in the random pairs.(在一组实验中，她与一种叫做电子鼻或者eNose的电子设备进行了比较，该设备评估了气味的化学特征。另一组实验中，她让志愿者闻两组体味样本，以评估人类感知的相似性。在这两种类型的实验中，点击好友的气味明显比随机配对的人更相似)”可知，两组实验中，进行比较时，所使用的方式不同。故选A项。
49．细节理解题。根据第四段“Next, to rule out the possibility that body smell similarity was a consequence of click friendships, rather than a contributing cause, Ravreby performed an additional set of experiments, in which she used the eNose to “smell” a number of volunteers who were complete strangers to one another, and then asked them to engage in nonverbal social interactions in pairs.(接下来，为了排除身体气味相似性是点击友谊的结果，而不是促成原因的可能性，Ravreby进行了一组额外的实验，在实验中，她使用eNose来“闻”一些彼此完全陌生的志愿者，然后让他们两人进行非言语社交互动)”可知，Ravreby进行了一组额外的实验，让完全陌生的志愿者参与实验，是为了排除身体气味相似性是点击友谊的结果这一可能性，确定发现的可靠性。故选A项。
50．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nevertheless, our study’s results do suggest that our nose plays a bigger role than previously thought in our choice of friends.(不过，我们的研究结果确实表明，我们的鼻子在我们选择朋友时所起的作用比以前想象的更大)”可推知，索贝尔肯定了研究的结果，对于研究结果的态度是赞同的。故选C项。
51．A 52．D 53．B 54．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是一项叫NEC的声音干扰器的相关信息。
51．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Voice jammers work much like noise-canceling headphones, which effectively remove unwanted background sound waves out of existence by playing back a copy of the unwanted sound with its wave pattern inverted (反向的).(语音干扰器的工作原理很像降噪耳机，通过反向播放不需要的声音的副本，有效地消除了不需要的背景声波。)”可知，语音干扰器是通过播放反向声波来防止讲话被录音，故选A。
52．主旨大意题。根据第六段的“Rather than sending an audible sound, their tool, called Neural Enhanced Cancellation (NEC), makes use of a bug found in all but the most expensive microphones. This bug introduces sounds at set distances above and below the microphone’s recording frequencies. NEC is able to play its inverse speech in the ultrasonic (超声波) range, so that humans can’t hear it. Doing this at the point of recording provides the necessary frequencies to secretly block an audible voice.(他们的工具叫做NEC，并不是发送可听到的声音，而是利用了除了最昂贵的麦克风之外所有麦克风都存在的一个漏洞。此错误在麦克风的录音频率上下设定的距离引入声音。NEC能够在超声波范围内播放逆语音，这样人类就听不到了。在录音时这样做可以提供必要的频率来秘密地屏蔽声音。)”可知，第6段主要阐述了NEC的工作原理。故选D。
53．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第五段的“Now Qiben Yan at Michigan State University and his colleagues have created a voice jammer that can target a specific voice without causing interruption to anyone else.(现在，密歇根州立大学的严启本和他的同事们发明了一种声音干扰器，可以针对特定的声音，而不会打断其他人。)”和第六段的“Rather than sending an audible sound, their tool, called Neural Enhanced Cancellation (NEC), makes use of a bug found in all but the most expensive microphones.(他们的工具叫做NEC，并不是发送可听到的声音，而是利用了除了最昂贵的麦克风之外所有麦克风都存在的一个漏洞。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项叫NEC的声音干扰器的相关信息，故选B。
54．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The team found that NEC blocked voices on a range of smartphones from Apple, Xiaomi and Samsung at a distance of up to 3.6 metres. And this technology could be useful.(研究小组发现，NEC在苹果、小米和三星的一系列智能手机上屏蔽了高达3.6米的声音。这项技术可能很有用。)”可知，接下来的一段可能会介绍语音干扰器的潜在应用。故选D。
55．D 56．A 57．D

【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了为智能手机准备的5款天气应用。
55．细节理解题。根据NOAA Weather Radio HD部分“This app broadcasts radio reports from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and gives you around-the-clock updates on the latest weather warnings(这个应用程序播放来自国家海洋和大气管理局的广播报告，并为您提供全天候更新最新天气预告)”可知，如果你想跟踪每天的天气变化，你可以选择NOAA Weather Radio HD。故选D项。
56．细节理解题。根据Dark Sky部分“Stay dry with Dark Sky, which offers weather reports, including minute-by-minute rain forecasts for your exact location. (使用Dark Sky保持干燥，它提供天气报告，包括对你确切位置的每分钟降雨预报)”可知，Dark Sky可以提供你所在位置的每分钟降雨预报，所以“It is especially suitable to predict wet days.(它特别适用于预测雨天)”是正确的说法。故选A项。
57．细节理解题。根据Tornado Warning and Alert App部分“This app from the American Red Cross tracks a tornado (这个来自美国红十字会的应用程序跟踪龙卷风)”、The Weather Channel App部分“lets you check what kind of weather lays ahead, complete with storm prediction maps.(并让你检查未来的天气状况，以及风暴预测地图)”、Lightening Finder部分“If the goal is to get to the storm, rather than avoid it(如果你的目标是到达风暴，而不是避开它，这个应用程序可以帮助你)”、NOAA Weather Radio HD部分“This app broadcasts radio reports from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and gives you around-the-clock updates on the latest weather warnings(这个应用程序播放来自国家海洋和大气管理局的广播报告，并为您提供全天候更新最新天气预告)”和Dark Sky部分“Stay dry with Dark Sky, which offers weather reports, including minute-by-minute rain forecasts for your exact location.(使用Dark Sky保持干燥，它提供天气报告，包括对你确切位置的每分钟降雨预报)”可知，5款天气应用的主要区别是功能不同。故选D项。
58．C 59．D 60．A 61．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国皇家芭蕾舞团残疾演员Joe Powell-Main的故事，他用轮椅和拐杖表演。文章讲述了一个克服生活障碍，追求他从5岁起就拥有的梦想的故事。
58．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But his life was transformed after his mother spotted a leaflet about wheelchair dancing, which played a part in helping him to accept his disability.(但在他的母亲看到一张关于轮椅舞蹈的传单后，他的生活发生了改变，这在一定程度上帮助他接受了自己的残疾)”可知，Powell-Main人生的一个转折点是一张关于轮椅舞蹈的传单。故选C。
59．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“During his fourth year of training, he developed injuries following a period of growth, leading to surgery on his left knee.(在他训练的第四年，在一段时间的成长后，他受伤了，导致他的左膝做了手术)”和下文“bringing his training to an end. Aged 15, he was using a wheelchair and assumed he would never dance again.(结束了他的训练15岁时，他坐在轮椅上，以为自己再也不会跳舞了)”可推知，并发症和一场严重的车祸对他的身体造成了进一步的损害，导致最后坐上了轮椅。由此可知，划线词toll与damage(损害)意思接近。故选
60．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When I acquired my disability, I completely thought dance wasn’t an option for me and was completely over. Then why not ballet? In terms of partnering, it’s a new way of doing things.(当我患上残疾时，我完全认为舞蹈不是我的选择，我彻底放弃了。那么为什么不芭蕾舞？就合作而言，这是一种新的做事方式)”第五段中的““Powell-Main made an impression on me. Dancing with him was really special, which has opened up refreshing possibilities, new ways of partnering, sharing weight between each other, using speed and dynamic in different ways,” Lubach said.(“Powell-Main给我留下了深刻的印象。和他一起跳舞真的很特别，这开辟了令人耳目一新的可能性，新的合作方式，彼此分担重量，以不同的方式使用速度和活力，”Lubach说)”可推知，尽管有残疾，Powell-Main拒绝向命运屈服。故选A。
61．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Joe Powell-Main, who uses a wheelchair and sticks to perform, tells a story about overcoming life’s obstacles to pursue a dream that he has had since he was five.( Joe Powell-Main用轮椅和拐杖表演，他讲述了一个克服生活障碍，追求他从5岁起就拥有的梦想的故事)”及下文对Joe Powell-Main的介绍可知，文章讲述了英国皇家芭蕾舞团残疾演员Joe Powell-Main的故事，他用轮椅和拐杖进行表演。由此可知，A unique wheelchair dancer(一个独特的轮椅舞者)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
62．C 63．D 64．A

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。获奖作家马修·尼尔享了那些改变了他生活的书。
62．细节理解题。根据Stig of the Dump by Clive King部分中的“When my father read it to my sister and me, I was already fascinated by history and I loved the way the book captured the mystery of our distant, unrecorded past. Its charm stayed with me and much later I spent many a weekend driving around Britain, getting lost on small country roads, looking for prehistoric tombs and stone circles.(当我父亲把它读给我和妹妹听时，我已经被历史迷住了，我喜欢这本书捕捉到我们遥远的、没有记录的过去的神秘。它的魅力一直伴随着我，很久以后，我花了很多周末开车环游英国，迷失在乡间小路上，寻找史前古墓和石圈)”可知，马修小时候就对历史表现出极大的兴趣。故选C。
63．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He shares the books that have changed his life.(他分享了那些改变了他生活的书)”可知，马修分享了这三本书，因为它们对马修的生活有很大的影响。故选D。
64．推理判断题。根据第一段“Matthew Kneale is the award-winning author of fiction and non-fiction, including English passengers, which won the Whitbread Book Award. He shares the books that have changed his life.(马修·尼尔是小说和非小说类作品的获奖作家，作品包括《英国乘客》，曾获惠特布莱德图书奖。他分享了那些改变了他生活的书)”以及下文介绍的三本书并结合选项可推知，我们也许能在杂志上找到这篇文章。故选A。
65．A 66．B 67．C 68．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过盲人使用智能手机的事例，探讨了让残疾人士参与技术开发的重要性。
65．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A well-designed website or app user interface (用户界面) makes the information on the website or app accessible to the screen reader, which makes it accessible to blind users. However, a badly designed website or application will turn out to be invisible to a screen reader. (一个设计良好的网站或应用程序用户界面可以让屏幕阅读器访问网站或应用程序上的信息，这使得盲人用户也可以访问。然而，一个设计糟糕的网站或应用程序对屏幕阅读器来说是不可见的。)”可知，设计良好的应用程序和设计糟糕的应用程序相比较，前者与屏幕阅读器配合使用效果很好。故选A项。
66．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Many designers find a good way to make technology available to all, which can be explained through an example — the whole touch screen. (许多设计师找到了一种让所有人都能使用技术的好方法，这可以通过一个例子来解释——整个触摸屏。)”以及“At present, the prevailing solution to this problem is to use the whole touch screen as an input control. Instead of having to touch a particular part of the screen, users can tap anywhere in response to audio instructions. (许多设计师找到了一种让所有人都能使用技术的好方法，这可以通过一个例子来解释——整个触摸屏。目前流行的解决这个问题的方法是使用整个触摸屏作为输入控件。用户无需触摸屏幕的某个特定部分，而是可以根据音频指令点击任何地方。)”可知，许多设计师认为使技术对所有人友好的好方法是使输入和输出控制易于操作。故选B项。
67．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Yet many technologies are still not accessible to users with disabilities. One way to make apps and websites more accessible is to have people with disabilities designing the technologies. But the design process itself is not very accessible to those very people, because very few tools in user interface designers’ toolbox are accessible. (然而，残疾用户仍然无法使用许多技术。让应用程序和网站更容易访问的一种方法是让残疾人设计技术。但设计过程本身对这些人来说并不是很容易理解，因为用户界面设计师的工具箱中只有很少的工具是可访问的。)”说明要满足残疾人要求有难度，解决方法是让残疾人来设计技术，这也是相当困难的，从而推知划线词句“It’s a catch-22. (这是一个catch-22。)”其中划线短语应为“两难”的意思。故选C项。
68．推理判断题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“While it is useful for designers to be aware of how users with disabilities interact with technologies, the most powerful insights may come from those with disabilities themselves. (虽然对设计师来说，了解残疾用户如何与技术互动是有用的，但最有力的见解可能来自残疾人士自己。)”可知，文章的目的是强调让残疾人士参与技术开发的重要性。故选D项。
69．C 70．D 71．B 72．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了大学生Seyton Thomas在大流行病期间组织了一群年轻人，帮助当地的危机处理中心的儿童的故事。
69．细节理解题。根据第二段“The Community Crisis Center in Miami, Oklahoma, is a home that gives shelter and other services to women and children who are suffering from domestic abuse.(俄克拉何马州迈阿密的社区危机处理中心为遭受家庭虐待的妇女和儿童提供住所和其他服务)”可知，社区危机处理中心主要帮助家庭暴力的受害者。故选C项。
70．细节理解题。根据第三段“Seyton got the idea from the crisis center director of painting encouraging messages on stones and hiding them in the lawn of the crisis center for the children to find.(Seyton从危机处理中心主任那里得到了一个主意，就是在石头上画上鼓励性的信息，然后把它们藏在危机处理中心的草坪上，让孩子们找到)”可知，Seyton是通过向危机处理中心的孩子们展示石头上的鼓励性的信息来提供帮助的。故选D项。
71．推理判断题。根据第一段“Seyton Thomas is a college student with a heart of giving.(Seyton Thomas是一个有奉献之心的大学生)”以及第二段“During the pandemic, Seyton Thomas organized a diverse group of young people to help a local crisis center.(在大流行病期间，Seyton Thomas组织了一个多元化的年轻人团体，来帮助当地的一个危机处理中心)”可知，Seyton Thomas有奉献之心，并为当地的危机处理中心提供帮助，所以Seyton Thomas是心地善良且乐于助人的。故选B项。
72．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Seyton got the idea from the crisis center director of painting encouraging messages on stones and hiding them in the lawn of the crisis center for the children to find.(Seyton从危机处理中心主任那里得到了一个主意，就是在石头上画上鼓励性的信息，然后把它们藏在危机处理中心的草坪上，让孩子们找到)”以及最后一段“It seems that the deed is as small as a stone, but the impact can be as large as a mountain.(这件事情看起来像石头一样小，但影响却可能像大山一样大)”可知，本文主要讲述了Seyton Thomas使用石头为危机处理中心的孩子们提供鼓励性的信息，产生了有益的影响，所以“小石子有大影响”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。
73．A 74．C 75．D 76．D

【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Antonella Sorace教授所持有的学习第二语言对人类的大脑和健康都有着巨大的好处的观点，从而鼓励人们拯救并保护小语种。
73．细节理解题。根据第一段“It is an unpleasant extinction that will change the world and how people communicate: within 20 years, two thirds of all the planet’s languages will be dead.”（这种令人不快的灭绝将改变世界和人们的交流方式：在20年内，地球上三分之二的语言将消失。）可知，世界上大多数语言会在几十年内灭绝。故选A。
74．推理判断题。根据第四段“Already her work and the project she founded three years ago in Edinburgh, Bilingualism Matters — now expanding across Europe and in the US — have convinced the Scottish government to introduce languages to primary schools.”（她的工作和她三年前在爱丁堡创立的项目Bilingualism Matters — 该项目目前正在欧洲和美国推广— 已经说服苏格兰政府在小学引入语言课程。），第三段“It is those benefits of bilingualism (双语) that should encourage us to preserve and protect Europe’s minority languages — Gaelic, Manx, Cornish and Ulster Scots, she says.(这就是双语的好处她说，这应该鼓励我们保存和保护欧洲的少数民族语言——盖尔语、曼克斯语、康沃尔语和阿尔斯特苏格兰语)”和第五段“Bilingualism Matters is also working to encourage businesses to consider the benefits of their staff learning languages.”（Bilingualism Matters也在努力鼓励企业考虑员工学习语言的好处。）可知，Bilingualism Matters打算要推广小语种的学习。故选C。
75．细节理解题。根据第六段“The first battle is to unpick the popular assumption that bilingualism might damage children’s brains.”（第一场战斗是推翻流行的假设，即双语可能会损害儿童的大脑。）可知，保护小语种的首要任务就是纠正人们对于双语的误解。故选D。
76．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Professor Antonella Sorace is one of a growing number who believe learning a second language has enormous untapped benefits for the human brain. ”（Antonella Sorace是越来越多的认为学习第二语言对人类大脑有巨大的尚未开发的好处的人之一。）及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述Antonella Sorace教授关于要学习第二语言、拯救并保护小语种的观点和具体做法。故选D。