北京高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份北京高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共50页。
阅读理解
Millions watch the Oscars every year, but I’m always interested in the Razzies (金酸梅奖), which recognize cinematic underachievement. For all the attention given to what we like, what we dislike can be just as important, interesting and empowering.
French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu saw dislike as snobbery (虚荣). He saw all judgments of taste, favorable or not, as performances of class. The rich could justify their place, he argued, by claiming to have more refined tastes. Knowing which literature or art to praise could signal to others their rightful place at the top of society. Oversimplified as his theory might be, it is not entirely wrong.
Furthermore, dislikes are often used as a way not to stand apart but to fit in. It means learning the unspoken rules of what’s OK to like or dislike, and to proclaim those likes or dislikes loudly for others to hear. When some of us swim against the social tide, we might be savvy (精明的) enough to label our likes as “guilty pleasures”, which both acknowledges the rules and apologizes for violating them.
In my research, though, I found that dislike isn’t just a form of snobbery.
We interviewed over 200 people, a diverse group in race, age, and social class. All the interviewees tended to actively dislike media content far more when they felt they couldn’t escape it. Many people can’t choose the radio station that’s playing at work, or what’s on TV at the bar. Moreover, some of us are subjected to more annoyance than others. Remote controls, for instance, have long been seen as a special right of dads, with women and kids given less power to change the channel. Everyone turns to media hoping for specific needs to be met, but those who have those needs realized less often are those who might dislike more often.
Therefore, speaking about dislikes is an act of resistance-a refusal to allow public space to be conquered by the media content that doesn’t connect.
Dislike can certainly transform into anger or hate, but it may also take a more playful form. Sometimes we could see people joyfully watch the object of their dislike and offer a commentary of criticism, instead of tuning out and turning off. Why? Reveling in dislike can help regain control in a world that overwhelms everyone with content. Keeping the despised shows at hand rather than avoiding them can help the dislikers speak up in the court of public opinion. Or some might enjoy their dislikes as a way to avoid ruining certain relationships. Many of us can probably relate to the experience of having a friend who insists we watch something against our will.
What if, rather than resenting the show or the person, we simply embrace it in all of its embarrassing glory? By all means, pay attention to the advice to “ignore the haters”. But a lot can be learned by listening to the dislikers.
1．According to Paragraph 3, people label their likes as “guilty pleasures” when they ________.
A．take pride in their taste B．follow the mainstream
C．try to fit into a certain group D．set up the unspoken rules
2．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Exposure to unwanted media content intensifies people’s dislike.
B．Expressing dislike helps maintain one’s social relationships.
C．Learning about literature and art is an act of snobbery.
D．Dislikes can be found mostly among the rich.
3．What does the underlined phrase “Reveling in” in the text probably mean?
A．Showing concern for. B．Taking delight in.
C．Establishing connection to. D．Drawing lessons from.
4．What message does the author try to convey in this passage?
A．Staying away from the haters is a sensible means to avoid trouble.
B．We are encouraged to launch debates over hot issues in public.
C．The media should aim to meet the needs of different groups of audience.
D．Embracing our dislikes can be beneficial to some extent.

Remember your first day of school? How did your mum pick out your clothes the day before and how nervous did you feel when entering the classroom? Or what about the first time you rode a bike, with all of the excitement coursing through your veins(静脉)?Some memories stick with us and we can recall them like scenes in a movie. These are known as episodic memories.
A new study published in the journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has shown that certain cells, called time cells, make this type of memory possible. These cells help us form clear memories in chronological (时间顺序的) order. As memories are being formed, these time cells put a stamp on the memories. Later, this stamp helps us recount the exact sequence of events and experiences.
The 27 participants in the study had electrodes placed in their brains. This allowed scientists to measure cell activity in the hippocampus (海马体) and another area involved in the perception of time. The participants were shown sequences of 12 to 15 words on a computer screen in a period of about 30 seconds. Then they were asked to recall the words. During this time, the scientists looked at the activity of different brain cells. They found that specific cells fired signals during each sequence of words. “The time cells that we found are marking out discreet (不显眼的) segments (片段) of time within···this approximately 30-second window,”said Brad Lega, a neurosurgeon at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, US. This proves the possible existence of time cells in the human brain.
Gyorgy Buzsaki, a professor at New York University, said the study is important as it can explain memory problems found in people who suffered damage to their hippocampus. In one experiment, scientists compared the memories of people who had just taken a tour of a college campus. Those without damage to their hippocampus had similar stories. However, those who had suffered damage to this area of the brain were unable to recall the proper sequence of events.
The number of people suffering from memory disorders is increasing significantly. As of Sepetmber 2019, around 50 million people worldwide were suffering from dementia (痴呆), and the number will triple by 2050, according to the World Health Organization. Such studies will help scientists develop better medical interventions for people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease, the cause of 60 to 70 percent of dementia cases.
5．What does the underlined word “recount” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Decide.
B．Tell.
C．Create.
D．Predict.
6．What can we learn from the study?
A．Most of the participants could not recall the word sequence.
B．Participants were required to speak out the words within 30 seconds.
C．People with damaged hippocampus could also recall the sequence of events.
D．While the participants were recalling the words, certain brain cells released signals.
7．What does the study try to find out?
A．How humans’ feeling of time changes over time.
B．How often brain cells send signals during an event.
C．How brain cells work to remember sequences of events.
D．How the brain memorizes events that people have experienced.
8．What can the study be applied to?
A．Finding the true cause of dementia.
B．Discovering time cells in creatures.
C．Finding ways to cure memory disorders.
D．Deciding the reason for Alzheimer’s disease.

The True Story Behind “Clouds” and the Real Zach Sobiech
This Friday, Disney will release the movie “Clouds,” an inspiring film about a teenage songwriter Zach Sobiech who rose to fame before passing away from osteosarcoma, a deadly bone cancer. The movie chronicles Zach’s senior year of high school and the last year of his life. But how much of “Clouds” is based on the real Zach Sobiech?
The real Zach Sobiech was a teenager and singer/songwriter from Stillwater, Minnesota. He was diagnosed with osteosarcoma at the age of 14. A few years later, doctors told him his cancer was terminal. That’s when Zach decided to write a handful of songs to say goodbye to his friends and family. His most popular song, “Clouds,” went viral, first in his home state of Minnesota, then across the United States and around the world.
Before Zach passed away, he and his family decided to create the Zach Sobiech Osteosarcoma Fund to raise money for better treatments and cures for osteosarcoma. Proceeds from Zach’s music go towards his fund, which has raised millions for osteosarcoma research. Zach was inspired to give back in this way not only because of his own struggle with osteosarcoma, but because he watched other kids go through harsh cancer treatments alongside him.
“I often think about a moment during Zach’s fight where he was sharing a hospital room with a young boy, who also had cancer.” Laura, Zach’s mom, said. “He said to me, ‘Mom, if I had to die so that little boy could live, I would.’ Ever since, that’s been the goal of the Zach Sobiech Osteosarcoma Fund-to use Zach’s story and legacy to fund research that will save the lives of kids with osteosarcoma.”
In the seven years since Zach’s death, researchers funded by the Zach Sobiech Osteosarcoma Fund have made many new genetic discoveries about osteosarcoma and opened a clinical trial for a new drug to treat the disease.
“Without the Zach Sobiech Osteosarcoma Fund, we would not have the core of researchers and scientists and dedicated effort for patients with osteosarcoma,” said Brenda, a cancer researcher at the University of Minnesota.
9．From the passage, what can we learn about “Clouds”?
A．The movie is about the last year of Zach’s high school.
B．The movie was named after a popular song written by Zach.
C．It is a song only popular in Zach’s home state Minnesota, USA．
D．It is a song designed for an inspiring movie with the same name.
10．Zach and his family decided to create the Zach Sobiech Osteosarcoma Fund to .
A．help people to regain hope
B．fund Osteosarcoma research
C．fight against several cancers
D．raise money for sick children
11．Which of the following words can best describe Zach Sobiech?
A．Motivated and humble. B．Talented and humorous.
C．Empathetic and selfless. D．Determined and modest.

Guan Shanyue Art Museum
Shenzhen artists are sending hope and gratitude to the Chinese COVID-19 frontline workers through 215 artworks at the “We Are Together” exhibition running until May 17. The paintings, sculptures, photographs and music videos show medical workers, delivery men, cleaners, police officers and volunteers working tirelessly during the outbreak. Meanwhile, a selection of master Guan Shanyue’s paintings featuring flowers and birds are also on display until July.
Hours: 9 a.m.-12 p.m; 2 p.m.-4:30 p.m., closed Mondays.
He Xiangning Art Museum
Selected paintings by master He Xiangning are offering an in-depth review of her revolutionary and artistic career. The paintings mainly portray plum blossoms, pine trees, lions, tigers, and landscapes. Meanwhile, contemporary Chinese oil paintings produced in the past 30 years are also on display at the “As Time Goes By” exhibition until May 5.
Hours: 9:30 a.m.-4:30 p.m., closed Mondays.
MixC Shenzhen Bay
The “Fantastic Dali” exhibition, running until May 5, presents an unimaginable world of 200 artworks by Spanish master Salvador Dali. Another exhibition running until May 28 features painting “Along the River During the Qingming Festival” by Ming artist Qiu Ying(1494-1552)and vivid scenes for visitors to take photos.
Hours(Dali):10 a.m.-7 p.m.(Mon.-Fri.), 10 a.m.-9 p.m.(Sat.-Sun.)
Hours(Qiu Ying): 10 a.m.-9 p.m., closed Mondays.
Cartoon Museum
At this exhibition, you can come behind the scenes with us to see how cartoon characters are created in the past 30 years. You can feel the moon dust flying into your face or take part in a wildlife adventure in our 3D cinema. You will search for and see elephants, rhinos, buffalos, lions and leopards, closely but safely with advanced 3D technology.
Hours: 9 a.m.-6:30 p.m., closed Mondays.
12．What are on display in Guan Shanyue Art Museum?
A．Artworks by a Spanish master.
B．Paintings by master He Xiangning.
C．Cartoon characters in the past decades.
D．Artworks honoring COVID-19 fighters.
13．Which exhibition is possible to visit on Mondays?
A．“We Are Together”. B．“Fantastic Dali”.
C．“As Time Goes By”. D．“Along the River During the Qingming Festival”.
14．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A novel. B．A comic book.
C．An art website. D．A scientific journal.

To a chef, the sounds of lip smacking, slurping and swallowing are the highest form of flattery (恭维). But to someone with a certain type of misophonia (恐音症), these same sounds can be torturous. Brain scans are now helping scientists start to understand why.
People with misophonia experience strong discomfort, annoyance or disgust when they hear particular triggers. These can include chewing, swallowing, slurping, throat clearing, coughing and even audible breathing. Researchers previously thought this reaction might be caused by the brain overactively processing certain sounds. Now, however, a new study published in Journal of Neuroscience has linked some forms of misophonia to heightened “mirroring” behavior in the brain: those affected feel distress while their brains act as if they were imitating the triggering mouth movements.
“This is the first breakthrough in misophonia research in 25 years,” says psychologist Jennifer J. Brout, who directs the International Misophonia Research Network and was not involved in the new study.
The research team, led by Neweastle University neuroscientist Sukhbinder Kumar, analyzed brain activity in people with and without misophonia when they were at rest and while they listened to sounds. These included misophonia triggers (such as chewing), generally unpleasant sounds (like a crying baby）, and neutral sounds. The brain’s auditory (听觉的) cortex, which processes sound, reacted similarly in subjects with and without misophonia. But in both the resting state and listening trials, people with misophonia showed stronger connections between the auditory cortex and brain regions that control movements of the face, mouth and throat, while the controlled group didn’t. Kumar found this connection became most active in participants with misophonia when they heard triggers specific to the condition.
“Just by listening to the sound, they activate the motor cortex more strongly. So in a way it was as if they were doing the action themselves,” Kumar says. Some mirroring is typical in most humans when witnessing others’ actions; the researchers do not yet know why an excessive(过分的) mirroring response might cause such a negative reaction, and hope to address that in future research. “Possibilities include a sense of loss of control, invasion of personal space, or interference with current goals and actions,” the study authors write.
Fatima Husain, an Illinois University professor of speech and hearing science, who was not involved in the study, says potential misophonia therapies could build on the new findings by counseling patients about handling unconscious motor responses to triggering sounds—not just coping with the sounds themselves. If this works, she adds, one should expect to see reduced connected activity between the auditory and motor cortices.
15．It can be learnt from the new study that ______.
A．misophonia sufferers can’t help imitating the triggers
B．people with misophonia are more likely to flatter chefs
C．the brains of people with misophonia overreact to sounds strongly
D．misophonia sufferers tend to have similar annoying activities in their brains
16．Compared with people without misophonia, people with misophonia ______.
A．suffer less severely at the resting state B．own markedly different brain structures
C．react more negatively at a mirroring response D．lose control of their facial movements easily
17．What might be the significance of the study?
A．Improving speech and hearing science. B．Developing a treatment for misophonia.
C．Drawing people’s attention to misophonia. D．Promoting human brain structure research.

Beethoven wrote many famous pieces of music, but he’s probably best known for his nine symphonies. A symphony is a long, complicated piece of classical music, usually divided into four parts. The four parts are often linked by “themes” — repeated musical ideas that tie the whole piece together.
When Beethoven died in 1827, he had some ideas for a 10th Symphony. But all that he left behind were some notes about the piece and a few “sketches” — short bits of written music.
In 2019, a special team of musicians, computer scientists, and historians was formed. Their goal: to try to complete Beethoven’s 10th Symphony to celebrate his 250th birthday. The team didn’t just want to complete the symphony, they wanted to come as close as possible to producing the symphony that Beethoven meant to write. That’s where deep learning came in. Deep learning — sometimes called Artificial Intelligence (AI) — describes computer programs that sort deeply through huge amounts of information. This allows them to find patterns humans may not have noticed. The programs can then use those patterns in new and surprising ways.
To train an AI to help with the symphony, the team turned every piece of music that Beethoven ever wrote into a form the computer could understand.
By feeding the program all of Beethoven’s music, the AI could look for patterns in the way Beethoven wrote. This included, for example, how he re-used simple melodies all through a piece to create a theme, or how he moved between different parts of the symphony.
Other members of the team studied Beethoven’s notes and sketches, and worked to figure out what Beethoven was planning to do. Where in the symphony did he plan to use each little bit of music that he left?
________. They played a few minutes of music created by the AI for Beethoven experts, musicians, and reporters. No one could tell which parts had been written by Beethoven and which parts the AI made up.
Finally, the AI had the challenge of trying to connect the little musical bits into a symphony. It took over two years, but the team was able to complete Beethoven’s 10th Symphony. Not simply a melody, but 40 minutes of music for a full orchestra — a large group of musicians playing everything from string instruments, like violins, to trumpets, flutes, drums, and piano. So Beethoven now has a 10th Symphony. And though Beethoven didn’t write it all, the team feels sure that the music is very much like what he might have written, if he’d had the chance.
18．What does “That” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．How to improve Beethoven’s symphonies.
B．How to celebrate Beethoven’s 250th birthday.
C．How to restore Beethoven’s original thought accurately.
D．How to complete Beethoven’s 10th Symphony efficiently.
19．Which of the following statement can be best filled in Paragraph 7?
A．The test showed the team was on the right track.
B．The newly created music was beyond comparison.
C．The 10th Symphony was presented to be successful.
D．The first attempt proved the symphony was a masterpiece.
20．What can be inferred about the application of AI in music?
A．They trained an AI to follow every note that Beethoven wrote.
B．Computer programs were written to turn these patterns into notes.
C．They taught AI to figure out how the music was played by Beethoven.
D．The AI managed to discover the patterns after processing the programs.
21．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．AI Is Applied to Playing Classical Music.
B．AI Is Used to Finish Beethoven’s Music.
C．The Process of Beethoven’s Creation of Music.
D．Beethoven’s Last but the Most Famous Symphony.

Your college essay should convince admission officers, in less than ten minutes, that you would be a good match for their colleges. At the most basic level, the essay demonstrates your communication and writing skills. In addition, the essay allows admission officers to discover more about you as a person — a side of you not reflected in statistics like grades and Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) scores.
How the essay is evaluated
•Did you address the question asked?
•Is your writing mechanically sound? Is your writing style comfortable? Can you construct a good sentence? Can you put together a cogent paragraph?
•Can you discuss a theme? Is your argument logical? Did you begin and end the essay with some finesse?
•Do you write with style, nuance and creativity — and in a distinctive voice?
Choosing a topic
While there are no inherently bad essay topics, be careful about the following subjects:
•Winning or losing the big game
•Death of a pet
•Friendship problems
•Anything that suggests that you don't see the future beyond high school.
•Simple solutions to world problems.
•Remember to answer the question!
Polishing the essay
•Craft an interesting opening sentence to hook the reader. If it's dull, the reader will be bored.
•Be revealing...disclose things about yourself without being confessional.
•Beware of trying to impress admission officers with what you think they want to hear.
•Don't be afraid to use your imagination or to be unconventional.
•Have a teacher, parent or friend read your second draft. Ask them: Is it interesting? Does it sound like me? Was it fun to read?
Navigational hazards
The little details aren't the most important part of the essay, but you don't want the admission committee to think you're a careless writer.
•Always proofread before producing the final draft. If you are tired of the essay, let someone else proof it. Check for spelling errors; spellcheck won't catch everything!
•Don't plagiarize: admission officers have read widely and have sophisticated ways of checking content.
•Don't get overwhelmed about composing your essay — write what you feel, do it well...and you'll make a great impression!
22．According to the passage, students are expected to .
A．include all details of academic reports
B．offer solutions to complex world issues
C．describe school experiences of friendships
D．show their communication and writing ability
23．Which of the following makes a great college essay?
A．To create an appealing opening.
B．To skip the little unimportant details.
C．To double check the final draft by yourself.
D．To be careful enough with what you really feel.
24．Where can you most probably read this passage?
A．Academic journal. B．Newspaper column.
C．Teen magazine. D．University website.

While many people aren’t getting enough calcium (钙), new research cautions that some people may have the opposite problem: They could be getting too much. Americans spend more than $1 billion a year on calcium supplements (补充剂) in hopes of delaying osteoporosis, the brittle bone disease that cripples many elderly women and some men. Yet recent studies link calcium supplements to a higher risk of heart attacks. Last month, the U. S. Preventive Services Task Force issued a draft recommendation against taking calcium and vitamin D, saying there wasn’t enough evidence of benefit to justify the risk.
For generations of Americans who grew up encouraged to drink milk to maintain strong bones, the reports raised troubling questions: Is calcium not so important after all? Are the supplements unsafe? And how much is too much? “It’s gotten very confusing but it doesn’t need to be,” says Ethel Siris, director of the Toni Stabile Osteoporosis Center in New York. How much calcium people need varies by age and gender. “Adults generally need 1,000 mg daily, rising to 1,200 mg for women over 50 and men over 70, according to guidelines issued in 2010. Children need 1,300 mg daily during the peak growing years of 9 to 18. ”
People also need sufficient levels of vitamin D to absorb the calcium. The IOM recommends 600 international units a day for most adults, and 800 daily after age 70, although many physicians recommend more. It is difficult to take in that much vitamin D from food sources, so experts say many people should take vitamin D in supplement form.
Getting adequate (充足的) calcium from food is easier. For example, 8 ounces of milk or 6 ounces of yogurt has 300 mg of calcium, and one cup of spinach has 270 mg.
But studies linking calcium supplements to heart attack have made experts more cautious of excess calcium than before. A study of 24,000 Germans published in the journal Heart last month, found that those who got their calcium exclusively from supplements were more than twice as likely to have a heart attack as those who took no supplements.
Exactly how calcium supplements might contribute to heart attacks baffles cardiologists (心脏病学家). “Nobody has associated the calcium in your bloodstream with calcification (钙化) in your arteries,” says Nieca Goldberg, medical director of the Joan H. Tisch Center. Still, she says she now urges patients get their recommended calcium from food than from supplements to avoid possible problems.
Osteoporosis experts also urge patients not to take more than the recommended amount of calcium. “People should definitely stop taking two big calcium supplements a day,” says Dr. Dawson-Hughes. Even if the risks remain unclear, taking more than the body can absorb doesn’t benefit bones, “so it’s not worth any risk. ” She adds.
25．What is Ethel Siris’ opinion on taking calcium supplements?
A．Taking calcium supplements is unsafe.
B．Adults need more calcium than children.
C．Age and gender determine how much calcium is needed.
D．It is safer to take calcium from food than from supplements.
26．What does the underlined word “baffle” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A．Interest. B．Amaze. C．Frighten. D．Puzzle.
27．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Taking two calcium supplements a day is good for health.
B．It might be wiser to take recommended calcium from food.
C．It is easy for people to obtain enough Vitamin D from food.
D．The benefits of taking calcium supplements outweigh its risks.

The Best of Alaska
Nothing evokes (唤起) Alaska like a whale exploding out of the water or an eagle pulling a silver fish from the river. Combine these images with high mountains, and wonderful meals, and you really do have the Best of Alaska! Join us for an unforgettable 7-day journey to the last border!
HIGHLIGHTS:
JUNEAU: Juneau, the state capital, is rich in culture and scenic beauty. It is here that we start and end our trip.
HAINES: Haines is a small community located along the fiords (峡湾). The natural beauty and expansive wilderness found here have made Haines a most important center for adventure in Alaska. In 2004, Haines was listed by Outside Magazine and National Geographic Adventure as one of the best places for recreation and living.
ALASKA INDIAN ARTS: Alaska Indian Arts is a nonprofit corporation devoted to the preservation and continuation of traditional native craft and culture of the Northwest Native Tribes. Alaska Indian Arts is also the headquarters for several of Alaska’s outstanding craftsmen. We spend a few hours learning carving, native beading (串珠饰) and culture from these master artists.
SKAGWAY: Skagway is famous for its role in the Klondike Gold Stampede over 100 years ago. Today, it is a historic yet lively town, which still reflects its gold rush roots and contains colorful shops. In Skagway, we stop by the Klondike Gold Rush National Park Visitor’s Center and ride the White Pass Yukon Route Railway.
GUSTAVUS: Gustavus is the gateway to the Glacier Bay National Park. We’ll stay at a comfortable lodge (房子) here for two nights. This will be the base for both the whale-watching journey and a full-day voyage in Glacier Bay.
DATES / PRICES:
May 16, June 20, July 18, August 15, 7 days — $3,500, including lodging, all meals, guides, park fees, sales taxes, and transportation between Juneau, Skagway, Haines, and Gustavus. Not included: alcohol, personal items, airfare to and from Juneau.
CONTACTS:
E-mail: info@alaskamountainguides. com Call: (800)766-3396 Write: Alaska Mountain Guides Climbing School P. O. Box 1081, Haines AK 99827
28．According to the advertisement, the participants of the journey ____________.
A．will spend one day experiencing the local culture at Alaska Indian Arts
B．can contact Alaska Mountain Guides Climbing School by e-mail or fax
C．are able to experience some adventurous activities in Haines
D．can get lots of traditional native artworks free of charge
29．You can feel the history of the local place at ____________.
A．Juneau B．Skagway C．Haines D．Gustavus
30．Which of the following requires participants to pay additional fees?
A．Going from Gustavus to Juneau by train. B．A full-day voyage in Glacier Bay.
C．Having the last supper at Juneau. D．Flying to Juneau.
31．What can you learn from the advertisement?
A．Juneau is much more beautiful than Haines.
B．The culture of the Northwest Native Tribes is dying out.
C．Alaska is famous for its culture, history and natural beauty.
D．Skagway was the richest town in Alaska in the past.

Among the excitement of all things artificial intelligence, writers are increasingly wrestling with a hard truth: It appears robots are coming for their jobs. Little more than a plaything of researchers a decade ago, AI and automated robots are regularly producing countless articles on a daily basis.
Observes Mayur Bhatt, marketing head, SEO Services Guru: “It is only a matter of time before algorithms (算法) are able to write articles on any topic and for any target group.” Adds noted author Stephen Marche: “Whatever field you are in, if it uses language, it is about to be transformed.” People of writing driven by AI insist the robots are simply here ‘to serve humanity’. Robots will do the hard labor work, they say. Writers will be freed-up to engage in more interesting, more in-depth and more creative work.
But for the many writers and editors who have already lost their jobs to AI, that pleasant future is a tough sell. Consider Radar, a hyper-local news service that has been generating AI-written articles in the UK since 2017. Instead of using reporters to cover news beats, Radar relies on robots. Those automatons mine government databases on crime, health, environment and similar-and then auto-write stories from that data with an extremely local hook. For example: Radar's AI software can ingest a new government report on crime across the UK, and then auto-generate hundreds of customized stories from the study, based on localized data. Each story is hyper-localized to a town or even a smaller community by including data from the government report. The resulting micro-focused stories are sold to news outlets throughout Britain -as well as to any other news outlet that might be interested. Gary Rogers, editor-in-chief, Radar: “There is open data across all the main beats of news — health, crime, transport, etc. — filled with stories waiting to be told.”
So far, many writers are aware of the adoption of Al-generated writing via a few, well-publicized stories about the tech's use at major news organizations like Bloomberg, the BBC and The New York Times. But it turns out those above represent only smattering of what's really going on. A 2021 study found that 15% of news stories are now automatically generated at leading news outlets using AI. Moreover, the adoption of AI-generated writing has gone far beyond news-reporting, cropping-up across a wide range of writing jobs.
To date, human beings still best their robot competitors in writing of the highest quality. Even so, the hard fact remains that AI will be producing an increasing number of automated writing in coming years that competes in a world often entrapped in the icy hold of ‘good enough’.
32．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A．Algorithms can write articles quickly. B．Writing is more than a plaything.
C．Writing is hard but interesting. D．AI writing has great potential.
33．How does Radar generate AI-written articles?
A．By quoting local stories. B．By including official data.
C．By selling customized stories. D．By reporting main news beats.
34．What does the underlined word “smattering” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．An unfair fact. B．A small part.
C．An original idea. D．A basic research.
35．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．How AI is Automating Writing Jobs
B．How AI Serves Humanity in Writing
C．How AI is Widely Accepted in Writing
D．How AI Entraps Writers in the Icy World

We’re happy you will be joining us at UW-Stout! Your next step is to attend First-Year Registration and Orientation (FYRO) (迎新会) running from 7:45 a. m. to 4:40 p. m. Students should select a date that allows them to be present for the entire day. Invitations will be sent by email starting February 20.
Recommended On-Campus Dates
·June 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9
·June 12, 13, 14 or 16
·June 19, 20, 21 or 23
Make-Up Dates
Email us to request one of these make-up dates.
·July 20 or 21
What to Expect
Students and their guests will be separated for most of the day.
Students will:
Guests will:
·Connect with peers.
·Meet their first-year advisor.
·Understand their academic plan and expectations of college.
·Understand their financial responsibilities and how to pay for school.
·Understand the importance of involvement and how to get involved with student organizations.
·Be familiar with campus resources.
·Be excited about starting their time at Stout!
·Understand their role in their student’s success.
·Understand their student’s financial responsibilities and paying for school.
·Feel comfortable with their student living on campus.
·Know that their student will be supported to live a healthy lifestyle.
·Know that their student will be safe on campus.
Before Your Attendance
Complete the placement tests at least one week prior to your scheduled registration date. Testing information will be sent to students' email on or after March 15.
Download these apps, which will help you to be successful in college life.
·Canvas Student: our online classroom.
·Navigate: to help schedule appointments with your advisor, view to-do items and more!
·Multi-Factor Authentication: to enhance the security of your account by checking on your identity when logging into many of our UW-Stout accounts.
36．Students are advised to attend FYRO on ______.
A．February 20 B．June 19 C．July 21 D．March 15
37．Attending FYRO, both students and their guests will ______.
A．meet first-year advisor
B．know students’ academic plan
C．have an idea of students' education cost
D．be clear about how to participate in organizations
38．What are students required to do before attending FYRO?
A．Complete the placement tests 5 days ahead.
B．Take some online classes on Canvas Student.
C．Schedule first-year college life with apps on the phone.
D．Download Multi-Factor Authentication for account security.

When I was 7 and Stevie was 6, our parents taught us how to play chess and other games. Playing games was our life back then. Stevie and I were very competitive in everything.
We got older and better so our games were more intense, but also more exciting. The strange thing is that I enjoyed the games vastly and was happy for my brother when he won. But afterwards, I felt my well-being threatened, and then my confidence suffered.
When I was 10 years old I wanted to be successful at my talents. One day, a light came on in my head. I had to find something Stevie couldn’t do. It would have to be unique in every way. Before long, I got Jimmy Nelson’s record on “How to Become a Ventriloquist (腹语师)” and I practiced faithfully every day. After sum vacation, I did my first show for my class. The response was favorable. I performed for family get-togethers and did shows on a number of occasions to practice my new skill.
It isn’t easy learning ventriloquism. The difficult part was developing the voice, because at first, it was soft and hard to hear. I memorized the routines and performed more. With time, I got better responses. The loud laughter was nonstop, in addition to the applause.
Four years later, my mother purchased a professional ventriloquial figure, which I named. Freddie O’Sullivan. He was lifelike, with moving eyes, moving eyebrows, and could stick out his tongue. Treating Freddie like a real person enhanced my performance.
In college, Freddie was well known. He would tell people that he was the only guy that could sleep in the girl’s dormitory. Over the years, I won many talent awards.
One time, an elderly man looked at Freddie attentively and asked him where he got his trousers. The audience nearby had tears in their eyes. I didn’t know what was going on until I was told later the gentleman hadn’t spoken for 20 years.
Thanks to my brother, I created a lifetime with Freddie.

39．How did the author feel at first when Stevie won a game?
A．Delighted. B．Confused. C．Depressed. D．Surprised.
40．Why did the author decide to learn ventriloquism?
A．To have a special talent better than her brother.
B．To record her intense and competitive childhood.
C．To gain her parents’ favor in family get-togethers.
D．To bring joyous laughter to people around her.
41．What do we know about Freddie O’Sullivan?
A．Freddie trained the author professionally.
B．Freddie inspired an old man to restart to talk.
C．Freddie took the place of the author’s brother.
D．Freddie disturbed others in the girl’s dormitory.
42．According to the passage, which words can best describe the author?
A．Generous and grateful. B．Modest and responsible.
C．Patient and warmhearted. D．Sensitive and determined.

When Elinor Lobel was 16, a “smart” insulin (胰岛素) pump was attached to her body. Powered by AI, it tracks her glucose levels and administers the right dose of insulin at the right time to keep her healthy. It is one of the new ways that data and AI can help improve lives.
Books that criticize the dark side of data are plentiful. They generally suggest there is much more to fear than fete in the algorithmic(算法的)age.
But the intellectual tide may be turning. One of the most persuasive supporters of a more balanced view is Elinor Lobel’s mother, Orly, a law professor. In The Equality Machine she acknowledges AI’s capacity to produce harmful results. But she shows how, in the right hands, it can also be used to fight inequality and discrimination.
A principle of privacy rules is “minimization”: collect and keep as little information as possible, especially in areas such as race and gender. Ms Lobel flips the script, showing how in hiring, pay and the legal system, knowing such characteristics leads to fairer outcomes.
Ms Lobel’s call to use more, not less, personal information challenges data-privacy orthodoxy(正统观念). But she insists that “tracking differences is key to detecting unfairness.” She advocates g loosening of privacy rules to provide more transparency(透明)over algorithmic decisions.
The problems with algorithmic formulae(公式) are tackled in depth in Escape from Model Land by Erica Thompson of the School of Economics. These statistical models are the backbone of big data and AL. Yet a perfect model will always be beyond reach. “All models are wrong,” runs a wise saying. “Some are useful.”
Ms Thompson focuses on a challenge she calls the Hawkmoth Effect. In the better known Butterfly Effect, a serviceable model, Vin the prediction of climate change, becomes less reliable over time because of the complexity of what it is simulating(模拟), or because of inaccuracies in the original data. In the Hawkmoth Effect, by contrast, the model itself is flawed; it might fail to take full account of the interplay between humidity, wind and temperature.
The author calls on data geeks to improve their solutions to real-world issues, not merely refine their formulae—in other words, to escape from model land. “We do not need to have the best possible answer,” she writes, “only a reasonable one.”
Both these books exhibit a healthy realism about data, algorithms and their limitations. Both recognize that making progress involves accepting limitations, whether in law or coding. As Ms Lobel puts it: “It’s always better to light a candle than to curse the darkness.”
43．Ms Lobel intends to convey that
A．minimisation is a good privacy rule to go by
B．algorithms are currently challenged by data privacy
C．employing more personal data should be encouraged
D．identifying algorithms’ problems leads to better outcomes
44．What can we learn about “Hawkmoth Effect”?
A．It develops from Butterfly Effect.
B．It emphasizes accuracy of original data.
C．It enjoys popularity in climate research field.
D．It is mentioned to show the model can be faulty.
45．Which of the following does the writer probably agree?
A．Using algorithms to detect differences is hard.
B．The application of data and algorithms is limited.
C．The reliability of data should be attached importance to.
D．Improving algorithms involves accepting its imperfection.
46．Which would be the best title for this passage?
A．The Algorithm’s Prospect B．The Algorithm’s Mercy
C．The Algorithm’s Complexity D．The Algorithm’s Recognition

One of the major reasons we take photos in the first place is to remember a moment long after it has passed: the birth of a baby, a reunion, etc. However, every time we snap a quick picture of something, we could in fact be harming our memory of it.
Linda Henkel, a professor of psychology at Fairfield University in Connecticut, studied how taking photos impacts experience and memory. She conducted an experiment using a group of undergraduates on a guided tour of the university’s Bellarmine Museum of Art. The students were asked to take photos of objects that they looked at on the tour and to simply observe others. Later, she tested their memory of all the objects they had seen on the tour. The results were clear. Overall, people remembered fewer of the objects they had photographed. They also couldn’t recall as many specific visual details of the photographed art, compared to the art they had merely observed.
“When you take a photo of something, you’re counting on the camera to remember for you,” Henkel said. “You don’t engage in any of the complex or emotional kinds of processing that really would help you remember those experiences, because you’ve outsourced it to your camera.”
Then, Henkel ran another study. This time when people took a tour of the museum, they were asked to take two kinds of photos: those of the objects in the exhibit alone and those with them standing next to the objects. It turns out that it actually changes their viewpoint on the experience, whether they’re in a photo or not. In other words, if you are in the image, you become more removed from the original moment as if you are an observer watching yourself doing something outside yourself. Interestingly, if you are not in the image, you remember more.
Henkel doesn’t disagree that the purpose of outsourcing our memory to devices can free up our brains to do other cognitive (认知的) processing. But from the experiments Henkel is sure that cameras can’t compare to what the brain is capable of with input from the eyes and the ears.
47．What can we conclude from Henkel’s first experiment?
A．People take photos to remember a moment.
B．Taking photos is a complex or emotional process.
C．Taking photos influences experience and memory.
D．People observe more of the objects when taking photos.
48．When you are in a photo, you ______.
A．return to the original moment
B．remember more about the object
C．change your viewpoint on the photo
D．become an observer outside yourself
49．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A．To explain the reasons why people take photos.
B．To introduce the disadvantages of taking photos.
C．To persuade people not to rely on photos for memory.
D．To express disapproval of the use of devices to free brains.

The sign on the librarian’s desk read: “Readers Wanted for Project Read Aloud.” Sherene stared at it as the librarian stamped the book that she had selected for her weekly reading fare with a return by date.
“What is Project Read Aloud?” Sherene asked.
“Here’s the brochure about it. There’s a form inside to fill out if you want to become a reader. There is no pay, by the way,” the librarian said with a smile.
Sherene walked home. She loved living within walking distance of her town’s public library. She loved to sit in one of the overstuffed reading chairs in the reading room with the smell of books all around her and lose herself in a book. She had moved away after high school and had recently moved back. The library and fond memories of her childhood had drawn her back to this small town.
Once home, she sat down to read the brochure, which said, “Project Read Aloud seeks to provide the opportunity of hearing stories read aloud in a comfortable setting.” That is a fine goal, she thought.
Sherene filled out the form. She loved reading aloud. When she was a child, she read aloud to her teddy bear. Later, when she grew up and became a teacher, she read aloud to her students many times throughout the day. Since her retirement, she read aloud only to herself and Boots, her cat. It would feel so good to have a human audience once again to share stories with.
A couple of days later, Sherene sat in the now empty small theatre in the library, preparing the first story she was going to read. Soon, the audience began to wander in and find their seats. The theatre was half full in half an hour. Sherene stepped to the edge of the stage and introduced herself. She explained the origin of the story, opened the book and began to read. She wove the tale masterfully creating voices for the characters, pausing for emphasis, and taking the listeners into another world.
When Sherene read the last words of the story, there was a momentary silence as it all sank into the listeners and then a burst of enthusiastic applause. At that moment, understanding did grow in the town through the sharing of stories.
50．What can we learn about Sherene?
A．She used to be a teacher. B．She lived far from the library.
C．She liked hearing stories read aloud. D．She was involved in many social activities.
51．Why did Sherene join in Project Read Aloud?
A．She wanted to make new friends. B．The project’s goal suited her interest.
C．The project brought her extra income. D．She needed to improve her reading ability.
52．Which of the following words can best describe Sherene’s first performance?
A．Meaningful and humorous. B．Novel and amusing.
C．Impressive and conventional. D．Vivid and absorbing.

Many people have participated into lots of virtual meetings these years. Some research shows this adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree. A new study, though, suggests otherwise.
In the study, 602 participants were randomly paired and asked to come up with creative uses for a product. They were also randomly selected to work together either in person or virtually. The pairs were then ranked by assessing their total number of ideas, as well as those concepts’ degree of novelty, and asked to submit their best idea. Among the groups, virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas, suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas. The findings could stiffen employers’ resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office.
“We ran this experiment based on feedback from companies that it was harder to innovate with remote workers,” said lead researcher Melanie Brucks. “Unlike other forms of virtual communication, like phone calls or e-mail, videoconferencing copies the in-person experience quite well, so I was surprised when we found meaningful differences between in-person and video interaction for idea generation. ”
When random objects were placed in both the virtual and physical rooms, the virtual pairs of participants spent more time looking directly at each other rather than letting their look wander about the room and taking in the entire scene. Eyeing one’s whole environment and noticing the random objects were associated with increased idea generation. On platforms, the screen occupies our interactions. Our look wavers less. “Looking away might come across as rude, ” said Brucks,“so we have to look at the screen because that is the defined context of the interaction, the same way we wouldn’t walk to another room while talking to someone in person. ”
Like most educators, Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years, and she did notice some benefits of the approach as well. Her students were more likely to take turns speaking and her shyer students spoke up more often, rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a large classroom. Brucks found that one solution to improving virtual idea generation might be to simply turn off the camera, for her students felt “freer” and more creative when asked to do so. And this may be sound advice for the workplace.
Virtual teamwork can’t replace face-to-face teamwork. Idea selection proficiency (能力) is only valuable if you have strong options to select from, and face-to-face teams are the best means to generate winning options. Perhaps the workplace will find a compromise—a sweet spot in the middle that balances working from both home and office.
53．What does the underlined word “stiffen” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A．Shake. B．Revise. C．Challenge. D．Strengthen.
54．At first, lead researcher Melanie Brucks might think that ________.
A．videoconferencing can’t compare with in-person communication
B．participants should make eye contact in an online meeting
C．the feedback from companies seems questionable
D．creative ideas may emerge from casual thoughts
55．What can we learn about Brucks’ class?
A．Her students relieved anxiety by speaking up. B．Her students progressed in focusing attention.
C．Her students took advantage of virtual learning. D．Her students displayed talent for public speaking.
56．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Interacting Virtually Impacts Working Participation B．Maintaining Teamwork Improves Idea Generation
C．Grouping Randomly Increases Productivity D．Brainstorming Online Limits Creativity

GREAT BOOKS TO TEACH CHILDREN ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE
Here is a shortened list of books sponsored by the magazines TIME and TIME for Kids that are suitable for primary schoolers. To make the list, we considered how age-appropriate the material was, and whether the tone and story line left the reader feeling engaged and empowered rather than anxious or confused.
Experts recommend the youngest kids to read books that explore the beauty and fragility (脆弱) of nature. When developing an appreciation for the world around them, they can switch to books that show the cause and effect of how humans treat our planet, and why it’s important to respect the environment. For older primary school kids, picture books can illustrate how our use of fossil (化石) fuels contributes to global warming. Most of the books on the list also offer lessons about how children, families, schools, and communities can make a difference.
THANK YOU, EARTH: A LOVE LETTER TO OUR PLANET
By April Pulley Sayre
This photography book shows to us plants, animals and landscapes in vivid colors and descriptions. From up-close images of insects to pictures of mountain ranges, the pages introduce children to the planets’ diversity in a simple but effective way.
THE LORAX
By Dr. Seuss
Thanks to its rhyme, and whimsical illustration, this classic tale is suitable for young children who can grasp the scarcity of natural resources, and also older kids who can see a danger in valuing profits over long-term environmental harm.
WE ARE WATER PROTECTORS
By Carole Lindstrom
A tribute to native tribes that are protecting the planet, this book vividly shows the harms of oil pipelines. Kids will see the value of community action, while adults will recognize the story of the native tribes Standing Rock Sioux’s fight against the Dakota Access Pipeline.
POLAR BEAR, WHY IS YOUR WORLD MELTING?
By Robert E. Wells
This book introduces the greenhouse effect with illustrations showing how sunlight gets trapped. It then explains fossil-fuel energy, and our reliance on it for electricity and transportation. The pages are full of science.
57．To make the book list for kids, what should be considered first?
A．Confusing story line. B．The tone of anxiety.
C．The books sponsorship. D．Age-appropriate content.
58．What can kids learn from the book “WE ARE WATER PROTECTORS”?
A．They can see the value of community action.
B．They can know how to protect the native tribes.
C．They can recognize the story of the native tribes.
D．They can understand the importance of oil pipelines.
59．Which book explains how the greenhouse effect come into existence?
A．THE LORAX
B．WE ARE WATER PROTECTORS
C．POLAR BEAR, WHY IS YOUR WORLD MELTING?
D．THANK YOU, EARTH: A LOVE LETTER TO OUR PLANET

If you’re interested in pushing yourself academically while experiencing college life, our Summer Programs for Pre-College students (SPP) can be ideal for you. In the programs, you will be able to make friends with fellow students, engage in social activities around the city and on campus, and experience pre-college summer study at one of the world’s top teaching and research universities.
Our long-running summer term pre-college offerings include a choice of one-, two-, three-, and six-week programs that prepare you for success in college. With five exciting and challenging pre-college summer programs to choose from, you can earn college credit, discover a new subject area, perform cutting-edge research in university labs, or immerse yourself in hands-on learning.
Academic life
SPP invites you to join other highly motivated teens from 87 countries in our summer programs for high school students—and take the leap into college life and academics, which enables you to take on new academic challenges, explore a variety of interests and consider possible majors. You can take college courses alongside undergraduates either on campus or online. And you can also earn up to eight college credits by conducting in-depth STEM research with individual instructors or as part of a group project. Or, you can immerse yourself in a variety of stimulating noncredit seminars that blend lectures with experiential learning, discussions,and projects.
Campus/Residence life
Embracing college life is an exciting experience. Whether you live on campus or commute, you’ll get to know the ins and outs of college and city life. If you live on campus, you will stay in the residence hall, sharing a room and participating in dorm activities. There are typically two students per room and safety is our highest priority: residence halls have live-in university staff and 24-hour security. Resident program assistants provide guidance, coordinate and lead social activities, ranging from group activities that include comedy shows to field trips.
Your hard work will be combined with social events and fun activities—and you’ll still have time for your own adventures on campus! Email the SPP office at sppoffice@mail.edu.
60．SPP aims to ______.
A．help college students to achieve academic success
B．provide admission guidelines for pre-college students
C．get high school students well-prepared for college life
D．encourage students to participate in hands-on learning
61．What are students supposed to do to earn the required credits?
A．Carry out STEM research. B．Attend various seminars.
C．Finish the courses online. D．Join in experiential learning.
62．According to the passage, students living on campus ______.
A．can organize social activities B．will have access to a single room
C．are provided with good security D．are advised to direct comedy shows

At a museum in Vietnam, Lena Bui’s film Where Birds Dance Their Last reflected on the beauty and vulnerability of Vietnamese feather farms after Bird Flu. During a festival in Rwanda, Ellen Reid’s audio experience Soundwalk was shared in a hopeful discussion about music, parks and mental health. These are a few of the things I have helped bring to life over the years, working at the intersection of scientific research, the arts and advocacy to support science in solving global health challenges.
Science is key to addressing these issues. But it isn’t the only key. To achieve its potential and for its advances to be implemented and reach all who could benefit, science depends on trust and good relationships. People might not always see science as relevant, trustworthy or meaningful to their lives. There are reasons why some see science as having a chequered past, from nuclear weapons to eugenics, and are therefore uninterested in, or suspicious of, what it proposes. Others feel excluded by the incomprehensibility of hyper specialist knowledge.
In its capacity to build upon and test an evidence base, science is powerful, but researchers and funders haven’t been as good at ensuring this evidence base responds to the needs and interests of diverse communities, or informs policy makers to take action. Science might be perceived as distancing itself from the personal, the poetic and the political, yet it is precisely these qualities that can be most influential when it comes to public interest in atopic or how a government prioritizes a decision.
A moving story well told can be more memorable than a list of facts. This is where the arts come in. Artists can give us different perspectives with which to consider and reimagine the world together. They can redress the proclaimed objectivity in science by bringing stories —subjectivities —into the picture, and these can help foster a sense of connection and hope.
In 2012, I set up artist residencies in medical research centres around the world. Bui was attached to the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit in Vietnam. The head of the research team was delighted, finding that Bui, as a Vietnamese artist, had license to be in, and to share useful insights from, villages where infectious disease researchers weren’t welcome. Six years later, I led Wellcome’s Contagious Cities program, which established artist residencies worldwide to support locally led explorations of epidemic preparedness. The recent pandemic made this work more noticeable, and has informed our Mindscapes program which is currently sharing experiences of mental health through the work of artists.
With pandemic, climate and mental health crises upon us, rising inequality and what feels like an increasingly broken world, never has there been more need to build and nurture hopeful and imaginative spaces to grow human connection and shared purpose for the common good. Science and the arts can work hand in glove to achieve this.
63．The author lists two works in Paragraph 1 mainly to ______.
A．reveal the gap between science and art B．prove his competence in both science and art
C．introduce successful science-related artworks D．show that science can be promoted in art forms
64．What does the underlined word “chequered” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Recent and remote. B．Good and bad.
C．Usual and unusual. D．Peaceful and scary.
65．Which of the following would the author agree?
A．Policy-makers base their decisions on science. B．Researchers popularize science effectively.
C．Science is well received among the public. D．The arts help people build connections.
66．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Value of the Arts to Science B．Where Do Science and the Arts Meet?
C．A New Way to Fight Pandemic—the Arts D．Which Matters More, Science or the Arts?

Vast underwater meadows (草甸) of gently waving sea grass cover hundreds of miles up and down the West Coast. These blue-green fields perform a variety of important services. They protect the shoreline from erosion, clear pollutants from the water and provide habitats for all kinds of marine animals.
New research suggests sea grass meadows may also mitigate a serious consequence of greenhouse gas emissions: the steady acidification of ocean waters. The study published in the journal Global Change Biology finds that sea grass forests can raise pH levels in coastal waters. As they perform photosynthesis (光合作用), they remove carbon dioxide from the water, counteracting the acidifying effect of the gas.
“I think we are all very excited about it,” said lead study author Aurora Ricart, a scientist at the Bigelow Laboratory for Marine Sciences.
Ocean acidification is a side effect of rising carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Some of this CO2 dissolves out of the air and into the sea, causing a chemical reaction that lowers the water’s pH. Scientists sometimes refer to it as global warming’s “evil twin”—an invisible companion to climate change.
Ocean acidification can have harmful effects on marine organisms like shellfish and coral by preventing them from properly forming the hard shells they need to survive. It’s a threat both to natural ecosystems and to shellfish fisheries around the world. The study presents a natural way to address the problem.
Researchers analyzed six years of data from sea grass meadows spanning more than 600 miles off the California coastline. It focused on the common eelgrass, one of the most widespread sea grass species on the West Coast. The authors claim it’s the largest, most comprehensive study of its kind.
According to the study, sea grass ecosystems can raise pH levels by more than 0.1 unit, equivalent to about a 30% decrease in acidity. The effect isn’t constant. It comes in waves and is influenced by temperature, daylight, ocean currents and other factors that affect water chemistry and sea grass photosynthesis rates. But the tempering influence on acidification can be lasting, sometimes persisting for up to three weeks at a time. The study also shows that pH is higher in sea grass ecosystems, compared to nearby areas with no sea grass, about 65% of the time.
The study didn’t investigate the effects of higher pH on marine organisms — that’s a question for future research. But there’s reason to believe these meadows may have a positive influence on shellfish and other ocean animals.
67．What can we learn from this passage?
A．Sea grass forests can lower pH levels of coastal waters.
B．Shellfish and corals are not affected by ocean acidification.
C．Sea grass meadows can help remove pollutants from the sea water.
D．The effects of higher pH on marine organisms were investigated in this study.
68．What does the underlined word “mitigate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Relieve. B．Present. C．Cause. D．Predict.
69．Paragraph 7 tells us the research ________.
A．findings B．process C．questions D．reflection
70．Why does the author write this passage?
A．To illustrate the serious situation of climate change.
B．To present the living conditions of the underwater meadows.
C．To emphasize the importance of research on marine pollution.
D．To introduce a natural way to solve the problem of ocean acidification.

















参考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D

【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人总有喜欢或不喜欢的事物，我们应该学会审视自己的内心，接受自己的不喜欢。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Furthermore, dislikes are often used as a way not to stand apart but to fit in.  It means learning the unspoken rules of what’s OK to like or dislike, and to proclaim those likes or dislikes loudly for others to hear. When some of us swim against the social tide, we might be savvy (精明的) enough to label our likes as “guilty pleasures”, which both acknowledges the rules and apologizes for violating them.(此外，不喜欢通常被用来作为一种方式，不是与众不同，而是为了适应。这意味着学习什么是可以喜欢或不喜欢的潜规则，并大声说出那些喜欢或不喜欢的东西让别人听到。当我们中的一些人与社会潮流背道而驰时，我们可能会很聪明地给自己的喜好贴上“罪恶的快乐”的标签，既承认了规则，又为违反规则而道歉)”可知，当人们试图融入某个群体时，他们会将自己的喜好贴上“罪恶的快乐”的标签。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Moreover, some of us are subjected to more annoyance than others. Remote controls, for instance, have long been seen as a special right of dads, with women and kids given less power to change the channel. Everyone turns to media hoping for specific needs to be met, but those who have those needs realized less often are those who might dislike more often. (此外，我们中的一些人比其他人遭受更多的烦恼。例如，遥控器长期以来一直被视为父亲的一项特殊权利，女性和孩子换台的权力较小。每个人都希望通过媒体来满足自己的特定需求，但那些需求很少被实现的人可能更不喜欢媒体)”可推断，接触不需要的媒体内容会加剧人们的反感。故选A。
3．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“Keeping the despised shows at hand rather than avoiding them can help the dislikers speak up in the court of public opinion. Or some might enjoy their dislikes as a way to avoid ruining certain relationships. Many of us can probably relate to the experience of having a friend who insists we watch something against our will.(保留那些受人厌恶的节目，而不是避开它们，可以帮助不喜欢的人在舆论法庭上畅所欲言。或者有些人可能喜欢他们不喜欢的东西，以此来避免破坏某些关系。我们中的许多人可能都有过这样的经历：有一个朋友坚持让我们看一些违背我们意愿的东西)”可知，在一个让每个人都感到满足的社会里，着迷于不喜欢可以帮助你重新获得掌控权。由此可知，划线单词和“着迷、沉溺”相似。选项A“Showing concern for. (担忧)”；选项B“Taking delight in. (以……为乐)”；选项C“Establishing connection to. (建立联系)”；选项D“Drawing lessons from. (从……中吸取教训)”。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For all the attention given to what we like, what we dislike can be just as important, interesting and empowering.(对于我们喜欢的事物给予所有关注，我们不喜欢的事物也可能同样重要，有趣和有力量)”以及最后一段“What if, rather than resenting the show or the person, we simply embrace it in all of its embarrassing glory? By all means, pay attention to the advice to “ignore the haters”. But a lot can be learned by listening to the dislikers.(如果我们不怨恨这个节目或这个人，而是简单地接受它所有令人尴尬的荣耀呢？无论如何，要注意那些让我们“忽略那些总是满环怨恨的人”的建议。但是，倾听不喜欢的人的意见可以学到很多东西)”可推断，作者想要表达的信息是：在某种程度上，接受我们的不喜欢是有益的。故选D。
5．B 6．D 7．C 8．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了情景记忆的形成机制、实验过程及意义。
5．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“These cells help us form clear memories in chronological (时间顺序的) order. As memories are being formed, these time cells put a stamp on the memories. (这些细胞帮助我们按照时间顺序形成清晰的记忆。当记忆形成时，这些时间细胞会在记忆上打上印记)”可知，时间细胞帮助我们按时间顺序形成清晰的记忆，并且打上印记。由此推知，后来这些“印记”就可以帮助我们按经历事件的顺序来讲述。即recount意为“讲述”，与tell同义。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Then they were asked to recall the words. During this time, the scientists looked at the activity of different brain cells. They found that specific cells fired signals during each sequence of words.(然后他们被要求回忆这些单词。在此期间，科学家们观察了不同脑细胞的活动。他们发现，特定的细胞在每个单词序列中都会发出信号)”可知，当实验参与者们回忆这些单词时，特定的大脑细胞释放处了信号。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段“A new study published in the journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has shown that certain cells, called time cells, make this type of memory possible. These cells help us form clear memories in chronological (时间顺序的) order. As memories are being formed, these time cells put a stamp on the memories. Later, this stamp helps us recount the exact sequence of events and experiences.(发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项新研究表明，某些被称为时间细胞的细胞使这种记忆成为可能。这些细胞帮助我们按时间顺序形成清晰的记忆。随着记忆的形成，这些时间单元在记忆上打上了印记。后来，该印记帮助我们重新叙述事件和经历的确切顺序)”和第三段的“The participants were shown sequences of 12 to 15 words on a computer screen in a period of about 30 seconds. Then they were asked to recall the words. During this time, the scientists looked at the activity of different brain cells. They found that specific cells fired signals during each sequence of words.“The time cells that we found are marking out discreet(不显眼的)segments(片段)of time(在大约30秒的时间里，参与者在电脑屏幕上看到12到15个单词的序列。然后他们被要求回忆这些单词。在此期间，科学家们观察了不同脑细胞的活动。他们发现，特定的细胞在每个单词序列中都会发出信号。“我们发现的时间细胞正在谨慎地标记不显眼的片段……”)”推知，科学家们实验的目的是为了弄清楚脑细胞是如何按时间顺序记住一系列事件的。故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Such studies will help scientists develop better medical interventions for people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease, the cause of 60 to 70 percent of dementia cases.(这些研究将帮助科学家为阿尔茨海默病患者制定更好的医疗干预措施，该病是60%至70%痴呆症的病因)”推知，该研究可以应用于确定阿尔茨海默病的病因，以便开发相应药物进行治疗。故选D。
9．B 10．B 11．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了电影《云》背后的真实故事与真实的扎克·索比奇（Zach Sobiech）的故事。
9．推理判断题。根据第一段中“This Friday, Disney will release the movie “Clouds,” an inspiring film about a teenage songwriter Zach Sobiech who rose to fame before passing away from osteosarcoma, a deadly bone cancer. The movie chronicles Zach’s senior year of high school and the last year of his life. ”（本周五，迪士尼将发行电影《云》 ，这是一部鼓舞人心的电影，讲述了一个十几岁的作曲家扎克·索比奇在死于骨肉瘤(一种致命的骨癌)之前成名的故事。这部电影记录了扎克高中的最后一年和他生命的最后一年。）第二段中“That’s when Zach decided to write a handful of songs to say goodbye to his friends and family. His most popular song, “Clouds,” went viral, first in his home state of Minnesota, then across the United States and around the world.”（就在那时扎克决定写几首歌向他的朋友和家人告别。他最受欢迎的歌曲《云》在网上疯传，先是在他的家乡明尼苏达州，然后是在美国和世界各地。）可知，电影《云》讲述了十几岁的作曲家扎克 · 索比奇的成名故事，电影记录了他在高中的最后一年和他生命的最后一年。歌曲《云》是扎克写出来向他的朋友和家人告别。可推知，电影是以扎克的歌曲命名的。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Before Zach passed away, he and his family decided to create the Zach Sobiech Osteosarcoma Fund to raise money for better treatments and cures for osteosarcoma. Proceeds from Zach’s music go towards his fund, which has raised millions for osteosarcoma research. ”（扎克去世之前，他和他的家人决定创建扎克索比奇骨肉瘤基金，以筹集更好的治疗和治愈骨肉瘤的资金。扎克的音乐收入用于他的基金已经为骨肉瘤研究筹集了数百万美元。）及倒数第二段“In the seven years since Zach’s death, researchers funded by the Zach Sobiech Osteosarcoma Fund have made many new genetic discoveries about osteosarcoma and opened a clinical trial for a new drug to treat the disease.”（扎克去世后的七年里，由扎克 · 索比奇骨肉瘤基金会资助的研究人员在骨肉瘤的基因方面有了许多新的发现，并开始了一种治疗这种疾病的新药的临床试验。）可推知，扎克和他的家人决定创建扎克索比奇骨肉瘤基金的目的是资助研究人员在骨肉瘤的基因作研究。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Zach was inspired to give back in this way not only because of his own struggle with osteosarcoma, but because he watched other kids go through harsh cancer treatments alongside him.”（扎克受到鼓舞，以这种方式回报社会，不仅因为他自己与骨肉瘤的斗争，而且因为他看到其他孩子一起经历严酷的癌症治疗。）倒数第三段中““He said to me, ‘Mom, if I had to die so that little boy could live, I would.’ Ever since, that’s been the goal of the Zach Sobiech Osteosarcoma Fund-to use Zach’s story and legacy to fund research that will save the lives of kids with osteosarcoma.””（“他对我说，‘妈妈，如果我必须死才能让那个小男孩活下去，我愿意。从那时起，这就成了扎克·索比奇骨肉瘤基金会的目标——利用扎克的故事和遗产资助研究，拯救骨肉瘤患儿的生命。”）可知，扎克在看到其他孩子一起经历严酷的癌症治疗，他决定用他的方式来回报社会，充分表明扎克的对其他患病人们的理解及他的无私，故选C。
12．D 13．B 14．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是四处美术馆的展览项目。
12．细节理解题。根据Guan Shanyue Art Museum部分中“Shenzhen artists are sending hope and gratitude to the Chinese COVID-19 frontline workers through 215 artworks at the “We Are Together” exhibition running until May 17. (“我们在一起”展览将持续到5月17日，深圳艺术家们通过215件作品向中国抗击新冠肺炎的一线工作人员传递希望和感激。)”可知，在该艺术博物馆中展出的是纪念新冠肺炎战士的艺术品。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据MixC Shenzhen Bay部分中“Hours (Dali):10 a. m. -7 p. m. (Mon. -Fri. ), 10 a. m. -9 p. m. (Sat. -Sun)( 时间(大理)：上午10点至晚上7点(周一至周五)上午10点至晚上9点(星期六至日))”可知，Fantastic Dali该活动可以在周一参加的。故选B。
14．推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了四个艺术博物馆中举办的艺术展览活动的相关情况，故推断文章选自一个与艺术有关的网站。故选C。
15．D 16．C 17．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发表在《神经科学杂志》上的一项新研究将某些形式的恐音症与大脑中强化的“镜像”行为联系起来:当受影响的人感到痛苦时，他们的大脑就像在模仿触发他们的嘴巴动作。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“People with misophonia experience strong discomfort, annoyance or disgust when they hear particular triggers.(恐音症患者在听到特定的触发点时会感到强烈的不适、烦恼或厌恶。)”和“Now, however, a new study published in Journal of Neuroscience has linked some forms of misophonia to heightened “mirroring” behavior in the brain: those affected feel distress while their brains act as if they were imitating the triggering mouth movements.(然而，现在发表在《神经科学杂志》上的一项新研究将某些形式的恐音症与大脑中强化的“镜像”行为联系起来:当受影响的人感到痛苦时，他们的大脑就像在模仿触发他们的嘴巴动作。)”可知，恐音症患者的大脑中也有类似的恼人活动。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But in both the resting state and listening trials, people with misophonia showed stronger connections between the auditory cortex and brain regions that control movements of the face, mouth and throat, while the controlled group didn’t.(但在静息状态和听力测试中，恐音症患者的听觉皮层和控制面部、嘴巴和喉咙运动的大脑区域之间表现出更强的联系，而对照组则没有。)”和文章第五段“Some mirroring is typical in most humans when witnessing others’ actions; the researchers do not yet know why an excessive(过分的) mirroring response might cause such a negative reaction, and hope to address that in future research.(大多数人在目睹他人行为时，会出现一些典型的镜像；研究人员还不知道为什么过度的镜像反应会导致如此负面的反应，并希望在未来的研究中解决这个问题。)”可知，与没有恐音症的人相比，恐音症患者对镜像反应的反应更消极。故选C。
17．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Fatima Husain, an Illinois University professor of speech and hearing science, who was not involved in the study, says potential misophonia therapies could build on the new findings by counseling patients about handling unconscious motor responses to triggering sounds—not just coping with the sounds themselves. If this works, she adds, one should expect to see reduced connected activity between the auditory and motor cortices.(伊利诺伊大学语言和听力科学教授法蒂玛·侯赛因没有参与这项研究，她说，潜在的恐音症治疗方法可以建立在新发现的基础上，即咨询患者如何处理触发声音的无意识运动反应——而不仅仅是应对声音本身。她补充说，如果这种方法有效，人们应该会看到听觉和运动皮层之间的连接活动减少。)”可知，这个研究可能的重要意义在于开发一种治疗恐音症的方法。故选B。
18．C 19．A 20．C 21．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一支由音乐家、计算机科学家和历史学家组成的特别团队运用AI技术，完成了贝多芬的第十交响曲。
18．词句猜测题。根据第三段“The team didn’t just want to complete the symphony, they wanted to come as close as possible to producing the symphony that Beethoven meant to write. That’s where deep learning came in.(该团队不仅想完成交响乐，他们还想尽可能接近地创作贝多芬想要创作的交响乐。这就是机器学习的用武之地)”可知，That指代的是上文提及的尽可能接近地创作贝多芬想要创作的交响乐，即如何准确地还原贝多芬起初的思想。故选C。
19．推理判断题。根据第七段“They played a few minutes of music created by the AI for Beethoven experts, musicians, and reporters. No one could tell which parts had been written by Beethoven and which parts the AI made up.(他们播放了几分钟人工智能为贝多芬专家、音乐家和记者创作的音乐。没有人能说出哪些部分是贝多芬写的，哪些部分是人工智能编的)”可知，经过测试之后发现，人们无法分辨音乐是贝多芬所写还是人工智能所编，“测试表明这支队伍走在了正确的轨道上”引出下文，符合题意。故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据第四段“Deep learning—sometimes called Artificial Intelligence (AI)—describes computer programs that sort deeply through huge amounts of information. This allows them to find patterns humans may not have noticed. The programs can then use those patterns in new and surprising ways.(机器学习有时被称为人工智能（AI），描述的是对大量信息进行深度排序的计算机程序。这使它们能够找到人类可能没有注意到的模式。然后，程序可以以新的、令人惊讶的方式使用这些模式)”以及第五段“To train an AI to help with the symphony, the team turned every piece of music that Beethoven ever wrote into a form the computer could understand.(为了训练AI来帮助创作交响乐，该团队将贝多芬创作的每一首音乐都变成了计算机能够理解的形式)”可知，团队将贝多芬创作的音乐转变成计算机能够理解的形式，然后计算机程序可以处理进而使用这些模式，即他们教会人工智能弄清楚了贝多芬是如何演奏音乐的。故选C。
21．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Finally, the AI had the challenge of trying to connect the little musical bits into a symphony. It took over two years, but the team was able to complete Beethoven’s 10th Symphony.(最后，人工智能面临的挑战是试图将音乐的小片段连接成交响乐。虽然花了两年多的时间，但这支队伍还是完成了贝多芬的第十交响曲)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一支由音乐家、计算机科学家和历史学家组成的特别团队运用AI技术，完成了贝多芬的第十交响曲，所以“人工智能被用来完成贝多芬的音乐”可以作为文章标题。故选B。
22．D 23．A 24．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要针对如何提升和完善你的大学论文提出了相关建议。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段中“At the most basic level, the essay demonstrates your communication and writing skills. (在最基本的层面上，这篇文章展示了你的沟通和写作技巧。)”可知，在该篇论文中期待学生们展示沟通和写作技能。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据Polishing the essay部分中“Craft an interesting opening sentence to hook the reader. If it's dull, the reader will be bored.(写一个有趣的开场白来吸引读者。如果内容乏味，读者就会感到无聊。)”可知，写一个有趣的开场白来吸引读者，不会让读者感到无聊。这是一篇好的论文。故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“In addition, the essay allows admission officers to discover more about you as a person — a side of you not reflected in statistics like grades and Scholastic Assessment Test（SAT）scores.(此外，这篇文章还能让招生官更多地了解你这个人——你没有在成绩和学术评估考试(SAT)分数等统计数据中反映出来的一面。)”可知，文章针对提升和完善大学论文提出了相关建议，通过该篇论文展示了没有在SAT（美国高考）分数等统计数据中反映出来的学生的另外一面，因此本文主要是针对即将考入大学的青少年们提出的完善大学论文写作的建议，由此推断文章出自青少年杂志。故选C。
25．C 26．D 27．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对补钙对身体有益这一观点进行了质疑，并提出补钙过多有可能会导致心脏问题。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“How much calcium people need varies by age and gender.(人们需要多少钙因年龄和性别而异)”可知，Ethel Siris认为人们对钙质的需要因年龄和性别而异。故选C项。
26．词句猜测题。根据第五段“A study of 24,000 Germans published in the journal Heart last month, found that those who got their calcium exclusively from supplements were more than twice as likely to have a heart attack as those who took no supplements.(上个月发表在《心脏》杂志上的一项针对24000名德国人的研究发现，那些完全从补充剂中摄入钙的人患心脏病的可能性是那些不服用补充剂的人的两倍多)”以及第六段“Nobody has associated the calcium in your bloodstream with calcification in your arteries(没有人将血液中的钙与动脉中的钙化联系起来)”可知，补钙会导致心脏病已经有了可能性，但是目前还没有确定的证据证实，这样心脏病学家们感到迷惑不解。由此可知，划线词baffles与D项“puzzle(使迷惑)”表达的含义一致。故选D项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even if the risks remain unclear, taking more than the body can absorb doesn’t benefit bones, “so it’s not worth any risk.”(即使风险尚不清楚，摄入超过身体吸收能力的食物对骨骼也没有好处，“所以不值得冒险。”)”可推出，从食物中摄取足够的钙是更加明智的。故选B项。
28．C 29．B 30．D 31．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章以广告的形式介绍了阿拉斯加的精华旅游之处。
28．推理判断题。根据HAINES部分的“The natural beauty and expansive wilderness found here have made Haines a most important center for adventure in Alaska. (这里的自然美景和广阔的荒野使Haines成为阿拉斯加最重要的探险中心。)”可知，Haines是阿拉斯加最重要的探险中心，由此可推断出这次旅行的参与者能够在Haines体验一些冒险活动。故选C项。
29．推理判断题。根据SKAGWAY部分的“Today, it is a historic yet lively town, which still reflects its gold rush roots and contains colorful shops. (今天，它是一个历史悠久而又热闹非凡的小镇，仍然反映了它的淘金热之根，蕴含着丰富多彩的商店。)” 可知，Skagway是一个历史悠久而又生机勃勃的小镇，由此推断出游客可在Skagway感受当地的历史。故选B项。
30．细节理解题。根据DATES / PRICES部分的“Not included: alcohol, personal items, airfare to and from Juneau.(不包括：酒精、个人物品、往返Juneau的机票。)”可知，不包含往返Juneau的机票。故飞往Juneau要求参与者支付额外费用。故选D项。
31．细节理解题。根据JUNEAU部分的“Juneau, the state capital, is rich in culture and scenic beauty. (Juneau，州府，有着丰富的文化和美丽的风景。)”、HAINES部分“The natural beauty and expansive wilderness found here have made Haines a most important center for adventure in Alaska. (这里的自然美景和广阔的荒野使海恩斯成为阿拉斯加最重要的探险中心。)”可知，阿拉斯加风景美，以及ALASKA INDIAN ARTS部分“Alaska Indian Arts is a non-profit corporation devoted to the preservation and continuation of traditional native craft and culture of the Northwest Native Tribes. Alaska Indian Arts is also the headquarters for several of Alaska's outstanding craftsmen.(阿拉斯加印第安艺术是一个非营利性的公司，致力于保护和延续西北土著的传统工艺和文化部落。阿拉斯加印第安艺术也是阿拉斯加几位杰出艺术家的总部工匠)”可知，去阿拉斯加可以了解西北土著的传统工艺和文化部落；由SKAGWAY部分“Today, it is a historic yet lively town, which still reflects its gold rush roots and contains colorful shops. (今天，这是一个历史悠久而又生机勃勃的小镇，它仍然反映了它的淘金之根，蕴含着丰富多彩的商店。)”可知，，游客在Skagway可以感受当地的历史；由此可推断出阿拉斯加以其文化、历史和自然美景而闻名。故选C项。
32．D 33．B 34．B 35．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了人工智能是如何自动写文章的。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Observes Mayur Bhatt, marketing head, SEO Services Guru: “It is only a matter of time before algorithms (算法) are able to write articles on any topic and for any target group.” Adds noted author Stephen Marche: “Whatever field you are in, if it uses language, it is about to be transformed.”(营销主管、搜索引擎优化服务大师Mayur Bhatt说:“算法能够针对任何主题和任何目标群体撰写文章只是时间问题。”著名作家Stephen Marche补充道:“无论你在哪个领域，只要它使用语言，它就会被改变。”)”可知，人工智能写作潜力很大。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Those automatons mine government databases on crime, health, environment and similar-and then auto-write stories from that data with an extremely local hook.For example: Radar's AI software can ingest a new government report on crime across the UK, and then auto-generate hundreds of customized stories from the study, based on localized data. (这些机器人挖掘政府关于犯罪、健康、环境等方面的数据库，然后根据这些数据自动编写故事。例如:Radar的人工智能软件可以吸收一份关于英国各地犯罪的新政府报告，然后根据本地化数据自动生成数百个定制故事。)”可知，Radar通过纳入官方数据，才得以使机器人能够根据数据编写故事。故选B项。
34．词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段“So far, many writers are aware of the adoption of Al-generated writing via a few, well-publicized stories about the tech's use at major news organizations like Bloomberg, the BBC and The New York Times.(到目前为止，通过彭博社(Bloomberg)、英国广播公司和《纽约时报》等主要新闻机构的几篇关于人工智能写作的广泛报道，许多作家都知道了人工智能写作的应用。)”可知，人工智能写作似乎受到广泛运用，而后文“A 2021 study found that 15% of news stories are now automatically generated at leading news outlets using AI.(2021年的一项研究发现，现在15%的新闻报道是由领先的新闻媒体使用人工智能自动生成的。)”表示只有15%的内容是人工智能生成的。并结合划线句前的but可以推测出，人工智能写作并没有大规模广泛运用，即那些报道只能代表小部分数据。故划线词与B项“小部分”意思相近。故选B项。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“Among the excitement of all things artificial intelligence, writers are increasingly wrestling with a hard truth: It appears robots are coming for their jobs. Little more than a plaything of researchers a decade ago, AI and automated robots are regularly producing countless articles on a daily basis.(在所有人工智能令人兴奋的事情中，作家们越来越多地在与一个残酷的事实作斗争:机器人似乎正在取代他们的工作。十年前，人工智能和自动化机器人还只是研究人员的玩物，如今每天都能写出无数篇文章。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了人工智能和写作之间的关系，具体来说是人工智能如何自动生成文章，也就是如何使写作工作自动化。故A项为最佳标题。故选A项。
36．B 37．C 38．D

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一封邀请函，详细的介绍了迎新会的内容、安排以及注意事项等。
36．细节理解题。根据文章“Recommended On-Campus Dates(推荐入校时间)”中的日期“·June 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9; ·June 12, 13, 14 or 16; ·June 19, 20, 21 or 23(·6月5日、6日、7日、8日或9日；·6月12日、13日、14日或16日；·6月19日、20日、21日或23日)”可知，选项中只有B项“六月十九日”符合题意。故选B项。
37．细节理解题。根据文章“Students will(学生将会)”中的第四点“Understand their financial responsibilities and how to pay for school.(了解他们的经济责任以及如何支付学费)”以及“Guest will(来客将会)”的第二点“Understand their student’s financial responsibilities and paying for school.(了解学生的经济责任和学费)”可知，无论是学生还是其他来客都需要了解学生的教育开销。故选C项。
38．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“·Multi-Factor Authentication: to enhance the security of your account by checking on your identity when logging into many of our UW-Stout accounts.(·多因素身份验证:在登录我们的许多UW-Stout帐户时，通过检查您的身份来增强您帐户的安全性)”可知，学生在参加迎新会前，需要下载多因素认证，确保账号安全。故选D项。
39．A 40．A 41．B 42．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者学习腹语并坚持很多年的故事。
39．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The strange thing is that I enjoyed the games vastly and was happy for my brother when he won.(奇怪的是，我非常喜欢比赛，当我弟弟赢了的时候，我也为他高兴)”可知，一开始Stevie赢得比赛时，作者感到高兴。故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据第三段中“I had to find something Stevie couldn’t do. It would have to be unique in every way.(我必须找到Stevie做不到的事。它必须是独一无二的)”可知，作者决定学习成为腹语师是为了有一个比弟弟更好的特殊才能。故选A。
41．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“One time, an elderly man looked at Freddie attentively and asked him where he got his trousers. The audience nearby had tears in their eyes. I didn’t know what was going on until I was told later the gentleman hadn’t spoken for 20 years.(有一次，一位老人仔细地看着Freddie，问他裤子是从哪儿弄来的。旁边的观众眼里含着泪水。我不知道发生了什么，直到后来我被告知这位先生已经20年没有说话了)”可知，Freddie激发了一个20年没有开口说话的老人重新开始说话，故选B。
42．推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“But afterwards, I felt my well-being threatened, and then my confidence suffered.(但后来，我觉得我的幸福受到了威胁，然后我的信心受到了打击)”和第四段中“It isn’t easy learning ventriloquism.(学习腹语并不容易)”以及最后一段“Thanks to my brother, I created a lifetime with Freddie.(多亏了我弟弟，我和Freddie共度了一生)”可知，作者一开始和弟弟学习下棋和其他游戏，弟弟赢了作者，作者会为他开心，但后来感觉自己的幸福受到威胁，所以想要有一个比弟弟更好的特殊才能，转而决定学习腹语，虽然学习腹语并不容易但作者坚持了很多年，故作者是个敏感且坚定的人。故选D。
43．C 44．D 45．D 46．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在这个数据时代，人们总是对算法存有恐惧，但是科学家们却持有不同的观点。
43．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Ms Lobel’s call to use more, not less, personal information challenges data-privacy orthodoxy(正统观念). But she insists that “tracking differences is key to detecting unfairness.” She advocates g loosening of privacy rules to provide more transparency(透明)over algorithmic decisions.( Lobel女士呼吁更多而不是更少地使用个人信息，这挑战了数据隐私的正统观念。但她坚持认为，“追踪差异是发现不公平的关键。”她主张放松隐私规则，为算法决策提供更多的透明度。)”可知，她想表达的是鼓励更多地使用个人信息。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据文章第七段“Ms Thompson focuses on a challenge she calls the Hawkmoth Effect. In the better known Butterfly Effect, a serviceable model, Vin the prediction of climate change, becomes less reliable over time because of the complexity of what it is simulating(模拟), or because of inaccuracies in the original data. In the Hawkmoth Effect, by contrast, the model itself is flawed; it might fail to take full account of the interplay between humidity, wind and temperature.(汤普森女士专注于一个她称之为“霍克蛾效应”的挑战。在更广为人知的蝴蝶效应中，一个可用的气候变化预测模型随着时间的推移变得不那么可靠，因为它所模拟的内容很复杂，或者因为原始数据不准确。相比之下，在“霍克蛾效应”中，模型本身就有缺陷；它可能没有充分考虑到湿度、风和温度之间的相互作用。)”可知，文中提到“霍克蛾效应”是为了表明模型本身是有缺陷的。故选D。
45．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Both these books exhibit a healthy realism about data, algorithms and their limitations. Both recognize that making progress involves accepting limitations, whether in law or coding.(这两本书都展示了关于数据、算法及其局限性的健康现实主义。双方都认识到，取得进步需要接受限制，无论是在法律上还是在编码上。)”可知，两人都赞同想要改进算法就得接受其不完美的方面。故选D。
46．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Books that criticize the dark side of data are plentiful. They generally suggest there is much more to fear than fete in the algorithmic(算法的)age. (批评数据阴暗面的书籍比比皆是。他们普遍认为，在算法时代，恐惧远比狂欢更可怕。)”可知，人们对于算法还是带有恐惧心理；而根据第三段“But the intellectual tide may be turning. One of the most persuasive supporters of a more balanced view is Elinor Lobel’s mother, Orly, a law professor. In The Equality Machine she acknowledges AI’s capacity to produce harmful results. But she shows how, in the right hands, it can also be used to fight inequality and discrimination.(但思想潮流可能正在转变。更平衡的观点最有说服力的支持者之一是埃莉诺·洛贝尔的母亲Orly，她是一名法学教授。在《平等机器》一书中，她承认人工智能有能力产生有害的结果。但她展示了它在正确的人手中如何用来对抗不平等和歧视。)”可知，文章主要介绍的是算法给人类带来的好的一面。所以“The Algorithm’s Mercy(算法的仁慈)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
47．C 48．D 49．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍了关于拍照对体验和记忆的影响的实验，当人们拍照时他们没有参与任何复杂或情绪化的处理，不利于记住那些经历，所以当人们快速抓拍某事时，实际上可能在损害对它的记忆。
47．推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“Overall, people remembered fewer of the objects they had photographed. They also couldn’t recall as many specific visual details of the photographed art, compared to the art they had merely observed.(总的来说，人们记住的照片中的物体较少。与他们仅仅观察到的艺术品相比，他们也无法回忆起拍摄的艺术品的许多具体视觉细节)”可知，在第一个实验中，学生们被要求对他们在旅行中看到的物体拍照，并简单地观察其他物体，结果人们记住的照片中的物体较少，与他们仅仅观察到的艺术品相比，他们也无法回忆起拍摄的艺术品的许多具体视觉细节，由此可推知，拍照会影响体验和记忆。故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“In other words, if you are in the image, you become more removed from the original moment as if you are an observer watching yourself doing something outside yourself.(换句话说，如果你在图像中，你就会离最初的时刻越来越远，就好像你是一个观察者，看着自己在做自己之外的事情)”可知，如果你在照片中，你就成为了自己之外的观察者。故选D。
49．推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合文章最后一句“But from the experiments Henkel is sure that cameras can’t compare to what the brain is capable of with input from the eyes and the ears.(但从实验中，Henkel确信，相机无法与大脑通过眼睛和耳朵输入的信息相比)”可知，本文主要介绍了关于拍照对体验和记忆的影响的实验，当人们拍照时他们没有参与任何复杂或情绪化的处理，所以不利于记住那些经历，相机无法与大脑通过眼睛和耳朵输入的信息相比，故本文旨在说服人们不要依靠照片来记忆。故选C。
50．A 51．B 52．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述非常喜欢阅读的Sherene加入图书馆举行的“大声朗读计划”，她的朗读十分生动且引人入胜的故事。
50．细节理解题。根据第六段中“Later, when she grew up and became a teacher, she read aloud to her students many times throughout the day. Since her retirement, she read aloud only to herself and Boots, her cat.(后来，当她长大成为一名教师时，她整天大声朗读给她的学生听。退休后，她只对自己和她的猫博姿大声朗读)”可知，Sherene过去是一名老师。故选A。
51．细节理解题。根据第五段“Once home, she sat down to read the brochure, which said, ‘Project Read Aloud seeks to provide the opportunity of hearing stories read aloud in a comfortable setting.’ That is a fine goal, she thought.(回到家后，她坐下来阅读小册子，上面写着：‘大声朗读计划旨在提供机会，让人们在舒适的环境中听到大声朗读的故事。’这是一个很好的目标，她想)”及第六段中“Sherene filled out the form. She loved reading aloud.(Sherene填好了表格。她喜欢大声朗读)”可知，“大声朗读计划”旨在提供机会，让人们在舒适的环境中听到大声朗读的故事，而Sherene喜欢大声朗读，因此这个计划符合她的兴趣，所以她报名加入。故选B。
52．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“She wove the tale masterfully creating voices for the characters, pausing for emphasis, and taking the listeners into another world.(她巧妙地编织了这个故事，为人物创造了声音，为强调而停顿，并将听众带入另一个世界)”及最后一段中“When Sherene read the last words of the story, there was a momentary silence as it all sank into the listeners and then a burst of enthusiastic applause.(当Sherene读到故事的最后几个字时，听众陷入了短暂的沉默，然后爆发出热烈的掌声)”可知，Sherene的朗读非常生动且引人入胜。故选D。
53．D 54．C 55．C 56．D

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。一个新的研究发现：与面对面交流相比，虚拟会议不利于创新想法的产生，文章分析了原因，并给出了建议。
53．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Among the groups, virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas, suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas. The findings could stiffen employers’ resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office. (在这些小组中，虚拟配对提出的想法要少得多，这表明面对面交流能产生更多创造性的想法。这些发现可能会stiffen雇主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的决心。)”可知，面对面的交流有利于创造性想法的产生，虚拟会议不如面对面交流，所以对于雇主来讲，要求员工回到办公室才会有更多的创造性想法，stiffen意为“加强”，此处为“加强了雇主的决心”，划线词与Strengthen意思相近，故选D项。
54．推理判断题。根据第三段“‘We ran this experiment based on feedback from companies that it was harder to innovate with remote workers,’ said lead researcher Melanie Brucks. ‘Unlike other forms of virtual communication, like phone calls or e-mail, videoconferencing copies the in-person experience quite well, so I was surprised when we found meaningful differences between in-person and video interaction for idea generation.’  (首席研究员梅勒妮·布鲁克斯说：‘我们进行这项实验的依据是，一些公司反馈说，让远程员工更难创新。与电话或电子邮件等其他形式的虚拟交流不同，视频会议很好地复制了面对面的体验，所以当我们发现面对面互动和视频互动在产生想法方面的显著差异时，我很惊讶。’)”可知，因为有公司反映：远程员工难创新，所以首席研究员梅兰妮·布鲁克斯组织了实验，来验证公司所反映的情况，在发现面对面交流与视频互动交流所带来的创新想法的差异与公司反映的一样时，他很是惊讶，说明他原来认为公司的反馈值得怀疑，故选C项。
55．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Like most educators, Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years, and she did notice some benefits of the approach as well. Her students were more likely to take turns speaking and her shyer students spoke up more often, rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a large classroom. (像大多数教育工作者一样，布鲁克斯在过去三年主要是虚拟教学，她也注意到这种方法的一些好处。她的学生更有可能轮流发言，她那些比较害羞的学生也更经常发言，消除了在大教室讲话时的焦虑。)”可知，布鲁克斯的虚拟课堂上，学生可能轮流发言，连害羞的学生也能经常发言，故可推知，他的学生能充分利用虚拟学习。故选C项。
56．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Many people have participated into lots of virtual meetings these years. Some research shows this adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree. A new study, though, suggests otherwise. (这些年来，许多人参加了许多虚拟会议。一些研究表明，这种调整可能不会在很大程度上影响工作场所的生产力。然而，一项新的研究表明情况并非如此。)”，以及第二段“Among the groups, virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas, suggesting that something about face-to-face interaction generates more creative ideas. The findings could stiffen employers’ resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office. (在这些小组中，虚拟配对提出的想法要少得多，这表明面对面交流能产生更多创造性的想法。这些发现可能会坚定雇主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的决心。)”可知，虚拟会议对工作场所的生产力有不利影响，“Brainstorming Online Limits Creativity (网上头脑风暴限制创造力)”作标题比较贴切。故选D项。
57．D 58．A 59．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本教孩子们气候变化的好书。
57．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“To make the list, we considered how age-appropriate the material was, and whether the tone and story line left the reader feeling engaged and empowered rather than anxious or confused.(为了制作这个列表，我们考虑了材料是否适合年龄，以及语调和故事情节是否让读者感到投入和赋权，而不是焦虑或困惑)”可知，为儿童制定书单时，应首先考虑适合儿童年龄的内容。故选D。
58．细节理解题。根据WE ARE WATER PROTECTORS部分中的“Kids will see the value of community action, while adults will recognize the story of the native tribes Standing Rock Sioux’s fight against the Dakota Access Pipeline.(孩子们将看到社区行动的价值，而成年人将认识到当地部落Standing Rock Sioux对抗达科他管道的故事)”可知，孩子们能从《我们是水的保护者》这本书中学到社区行动的价值。故选A。
59．细节理解题。根据POLAR BEAR, WHY IS YOUR WORLD MELTING?部分中的“This book introduces the greenhouse effect with illustrations showing how sunlight gets trapped.(这本书通过插图介绍了温室效应，展示了阳光是如何被捕获的)”可知，POLAR BEAR, WHY IS YOUR WORLD MELTING?解释了温室效应是如何产生的。故选C。
60．C 61．A 62．C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个大学预科学生暑期课程(SPP)。
60．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Our long-running summer term pre-college offerings include a choice of one-, two-, three-, and six-week programs that prepare you for success in college.(我们长期的夏季学期大学预科课程包括一、二、三和六周的课程，为你在大学取得成功做好准备。)”可知，SPP的目标是让高中生为大学生活做好充分准备。故选C。
61．细节理解题。根据Academic life部分的“And you can also earn up to eight college credits by conducting in-depth STEM research with individual instructors or as part of a group project.( 你还可以通过与个人导师或作为小组项目的一部分进行深入的STEM研究，获得最多8个大学学分。)”可知，学生应该通过进行STEM研究来获得所需的学分。故选A。
62．细节理解题。根据Campus/Residence life部分的“There are typically two students per room and safety is our highest priority: residence halls have live-in university staff and 24-hour security.(每个房间通常住两名学生，安全是我们的首要任务：宿舍有住校工作人员和24小时保安。)”可知，住在校园里的学生有很好的安全保障。故选C。
63．D 64．B 65．D 66．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了作者认为科学可以与艺术相结合，并通过列举事实证明了这一点。
63．推理判断题。根据第一段“At a museum in Vietnam, Lena Bui’s film Where Birds Dance Their Last reflected on the beauty and vulnerability of Vietnamese feather farms after Bird Flu. During a festival in Rwanda, Ellen Reid’s audio experience Soundwalk was shared in a hopeful discussion about music, parks and mental health. These are a few of the things I have helped bring to life over the years, working at the intersection of scientific research, the arts and advocacy to support science in solving global health challenges.(在越南的一家博物馆，Lena Bui的电影《Where Birds dancing Their Last》反映了禽流感后越南羽毛农场的美丽和脆弱。在卢旺达的一个节日期间，Ellen Reid在一场关于音乐、公园和心理健康的充满希望的讨论中分享了她的音频体验Soundwalk。这些是我多年来帮助实现的一些事情，在科学研究、艺术和倡导的交叉领域工作，以支持科学解决全球健康挑战)”可推知，作者在第1段列出了两部作品，主要是为了说明科学可以以艺术形式得到推广。故选D。
64．词句猜测题。根据第二段“People might not always see science as relevant, trustworthy or meaningful to their lives.(人们可能并不总是认为科学与他们的生活相关、值得信赖或有意义)”以及画线词后文“from nuclear weapons to eugenics, and are therefore uninterested in, or suspicious of, what it proposes”可知，人们可能并不总是认为科学与他们的生活相关、值得信赖或有意义，所以有些人认为科学的过去有好有坏，从核武器到优生学，因此对科学提出的东西不感兴趣或怀疑是有原因的。故画线词意思是“有好有坏”。故选B。
65．推理判断题。根据第四段“Artists can give us different perspectives with which to consider and reimagine the world together. They can redress the proclaimed objectivity in science by bringing stories — subjectivities — into the picture, and these can help foster a sense of connection and hope.(艺术家可以给我们提供不同的视角，让我们一起思考和重新想象这个世界。他们可以通过将故事（主观性）带入画面来纠正科学中所宣称的客观性，这有助于培养一种联系感和希望感)”可推知，作者认同艺术帮助人们建立联系。故选D。
66．主旨大意题。根据第一段“These are a few of the things I have helped bring to life over the years, working at the intersection of scientific research, the arts and advocacy to support science in solving global health challenges.(这些是我多年来帮助实现的一些事情，在科学研究、艺术和倡导的交叉领域工作，以支持科学解决全球健康挑战)”以及第四段“Artists can give us different perspectives with which to consider and reimagine the world together. They can redress the proclaimed objectivity in science by bringing stories — subjectivities — into the picture, and these can help foster a sense of connection and hope.(艺术家可以给我们提供不同的视角，让我们一起思考和重新想象这个世界。他们可以通过将故事（主观性）带入画面来纠正科学中所宣称的客观性，这有助于培养一种联系感和希望感)”以及最后一段“Science and the arts can work hand in glove to achieve this.(科学和艺术可以携手合作来实现这一目标)”结合文章主要论述了作者认为科学可以与艺术相结合，并通过列举事实证明了这一点。可知，A选项“艺术对科学的价值”最符合文章标题。故选A。
67．C 68．A 69．A 70．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，海草草甸还可以缓解由温室气体排放导致的海水持续酸化。
67．细节理解题。根据第一段中“They protect the shoreline from erosion, clear pollutants from the water and provide habitats for all kinds of marine animals.(它们保护海岸线免受侵蚀，清除水中的污染物，为各种海洋动物提供栖息地)”可知，海草草甸可以帮助去除海水中的污染物。故选C。
68．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“The study published in the journal Global Change Biology finds that sea grass forests can raise pH levels in coastal waters. As they perform photosynthesis (光合作用), they remove carbon dioxide from the water, counteracting the acidifying effect of the gas.(这项发表在《全球变化生物学》杂志上的研究发现，海草林可以提高沿海水域的pH值。当它们进行光合作用时，它们会从水中去除二氧化碳，抵消气体的酸化作用)”可知，海草能去除水中的二氧化碳，从而抵消气体的酸化作用，由此可推知，画线词所在句意为“新的研究表明，海草草地还可以缓解温室气体排放的严重后果：海水的持续酸化”，mitigate意为“缓解”。故选A。
69．段落大意题。根据第七段内容，结合本段首句“According to the study, sea grass ecosystems can raise pH levels by more than 0.1 unit, equivalent to about a 30% decrease in acidity.(根据这项研究，海草生态系统可以将pH值提高0.1个单位以上，相当于酸度降低30%左右)”以及末句“The study also shows that pH is higher in sea grass ecosystems, compared to nearby areas with no sea grass, about 65% of the time.(研究还表明，与附近没有海草的地区相比，海草生态系统的pH值在65%的时间里更高)”可知，本段主要告诉我们这项研究的结果。故选A。
70．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“New research suggests sea grass meadows may also mitigate a serious consequence of greenhouse gas emissions: the steady acidification of ocean waters.(新的研究表明，海草草地还可以缓解温室气体排放的严重后果：海水的持续酸化)”及第五段最后一句“The study presents a natural way to address the problem.(这项研究提出了一种解决这一问题的自然方法)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，海草草甸可以缓解由温室气体排放导致的海水持续酸化，故本文目的是介绍一种解决海洋酸化问题的自然方法。故选D。