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广东省广州市执信中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期5月月考试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份广东省广州市执信中学2022-2023学年高一英语下学期5月月考试卷（Word版附解析），共29页。试卷主要包含了考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整等内容，欢迎下载使用。
广东省广州市执信中学2022-2023学年度第二学期
高一年级英语科5月月考试卷
本试卷分选择题和非选择题部分，共12页，满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1、答卷前考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案;不能答在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题纸上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。
第一部分选择题(共85分)
一、听力(共2节，满分15分)
第一节 听力理解(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
请听下面4段材料，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1至2题。
1.Whom is the party for?
A. Lisa. B. Jane. C. Ted.
2. What does the woman think of the man’s plan?
A. Boring. B. Interesting. C. Simple.
听第2段材料，回答第3至4题。
3. What kind of people are Prince William and his new wife looking for?
A Some designers for their new apartment.
B. Some secretaries from famous universities.
C. Some servants to help them with daily life.
4. How many princes are there in Britain now?
A. Three. B. Two. C. One.
听第3段材料，回答第5至7题。
5. What do you think Jim is?
A. A journalist. B. A basketball player. C. A coach.
6. What do they often do after breakfast?
A. Practice basketball. B. Have some lessons. C. Receive interviews.
7. What subject does Jim NOT mention?
A. History. B. English. C. Geography.
听第4段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s wrong with the woman’s mother?
A. She has been sick.
B. She misses her family and friends.
C. She can’t earn enough to support her family.
9. Where does the woman speaker live?
A. In America. B. In India. C. In Britain.
10. What does the woman speaker plan to do next year?
A. Study a new language.
B. Travel to India.
C. Visit her father’s native country.
第二节 获取信息(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面一段独白。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，每空不超过三个词。录音播放两遍。(请将本节答案写在答卷11-15的空格中)
Suggestions on Overweight Children
Introduction
● Professior Sinclair is invited to give her suggestions on weight loss 11. ________ for overweight children.
Current situation
● 12. ________ make fatty meals even more popular by including toys.
Suggestions
● Eating healthy foods;
● Doing exercise;
1) Going for 13. ________ , taking a walk around the neighborhood or running around the playground;
2) Making things fun to get a child’s 14. ________ and peak his or her interest.
● 15. ________ a healthy lifestyle.
二、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
1. What you do not want ________ to yourself, do not do to others.
A. doing B. done C. being done D. having done
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：己所不欲，勿施于人。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，即want sth. done to sth.意为“使某事发生在某人身上”，what 和 do 之间构成一种被动的逻辑关系，所以此处应为过去分词形式。故选B项。
2. This is one of the most popular plays ________ put on last year.
A. which were B. that was C. which was D. that were
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是去年最受欢迎的戏剧之一。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少句子主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词plays指物，且被最高级修饰，所以关系代词只能使用that，先行词为名词复数，所以为与动词也是复数形式。故选D项。
3. ________ for the front door ________ , he had to enter the room through the back door.
A. Seen; painted B. Seeing; being painted
C. Being seen; being painted D. Seeing; painted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到正在粉刷的前门，他不得不从后门进入房间。第一空是非谓语动词作状语，动词see和逻辑主语he是主动关系，应用现在分词形式；第二空是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰the front door，动词paint和the front door是被动关系，且此处表示“正在被粉刷”，应用现在分词是被动语态，故选B。
4. _____ of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend ____ her.
A. Warning, following B. Having warned, following
C. Having been warned, following D. Warned, followed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被告知晚上在街道危险，她才不得不回家，同时一个朋友跟着她。第一空考查非谓语动词．因先受到别人警告，才让朋友跟着她一起回家。 受警告动作先于谓语动词的动作，且表被动，故用“现在分词完成被动”形式。A、B两项第一空没用被动，故排除；D项第一空用“warned”不能把动作先后顺序表达出来，且第二空若用“followed”后应有“by”，而此题没有，故用with+宾语+现在分词（表主动）结构。故选C。
5. When caught _____ in the exam, he begged for the teacher’s pardon and tried ______ punishment.
A. cheating; escaping B. to be cheating; to escape
C. cheating; to escape D. to be cheating; escaping
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在考试作弊被抓着时候，他乞求老师原谅并试图逃脱惩罚。根据句意可知，抓住的时候正在作弊，现在分词表进行，因此，第一空用cheating形式，try to do sth试图做某事，这是个固定用法。故选C。
6. Having ________ Shanghai, the band ________ their second album.
A. settled in; brought out B. settled down; brought on
C. settled upon; brought up D. settled for; brought in
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在上海定居后，乐队出版了他们的第二张专辑。A. settled in定居；brought out出版；B. settled down安定下来；brought on呈现；C. settled upon已确定；brought up培养；D. settled for将就；brought in带来。空格1和Having构成现在分词的完成式，根据句意“定居”应用动词短语settle in，故填过去分词形式settled in；空格2作谓语，结合句意“出版”是动词短语bring out，应用一般过去时，故填brought out。故选A项。
7. Though people present advised that the injured man ________ to the hospital at once, he insisted that he ________ quite well.
A. would be sent; felt B. was sent; feel
C. be sent; should feel D. be sent; was feeling
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句的虚拟语气、宾语从句的时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管在场的人建议立即将受伤男子送往医院，但他坚持认为自己感觉很好。在动词advise后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可省略，且主语the injured man和send之间为被动关系，故用be sent；当insist意为“坚持认为”时，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，根据主句时态可知，宾语从句应用过去进行时，且主语为单数形式，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故用was feeling。故选D项。
8. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, ________ effects people are still suffering.
A. which B. by which C. from whose D. from which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和固定搭配。句意：上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受洪水袭击，人们仍在遭受洪水的影响。分析句子结构，逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为指物的floods，且和effects之间是所属关系，表示“洪水的影响”，所以应用关系代词whose。suffer from意为“遭受”，为固定搭配。由此可知，这里应用from whose引导从句。故选C。
9. Recently, the majority of cities ________ severely polluted and a series of events ________.
A. have been; has taken place B. are; have taken place
C. is; have been taken place D. has been; has been taken place
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：最近，大部分城市污染严重，并发生了一系列事件。句子的时间状语为Recently，时态宜用现在完成时；第一空的主语the majority of cities是“the majority of+复数名词”结构，是复数意义，且和pollute为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，复数形式；第二空的主语a series of events是“a series of+名词”结构，侧重“同一类的”事物，谓语动词用单数形式。故选A。
10. It was announced that only when the fire was under control __________to return to their homes.
A. the residents would be permitted
B. had the residents been permitted
C. would the residents be permitted
D. the residents had been permitted
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】考查时态和倒装。句意：通报说，只有火势得到控制了居民们才被允许回家。这里It是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句；that引导的主语从句中，＂only+状语从句＂位于句首，要采用部分倒装，且此处表示过去将来发生的事情，要用过去将来时，故选C。
【详解】
三、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
ISC’s sport camps are the only residential camps in Spain that focus on sport-specific development with 3 hours of training every afternoon, watersports activities every morning at the Mediterranean sea and leisure activities during the evenings. With coaching from professional staff, you are sure to leave the camp with an experience you’ll never forget.
We offer port camps for school trips throughout the year. During the months of July and August, our sport summer camps are aimed towards young students of 13 to 18 years of age. During the rest of the year, our camps are aimed at sport schools in order to develop and nurture (培养) young talents.
Where does it take place?
This summer camp package takes place in Alicante, Spain. With an average of 300 sunny days a year, and an average temperature of 18 degrees, this coastal city is one of the most desired Mediterranean tourist destinations. During the leisure time, campers will be able to join in activities such as visiting the castle of Alicante, visiting the MARQ museum, walking around the fishing town of Campello and etc.
Accommodation
All of our students will be staying at ISC Campus next to the University of Alicante. The campus’ facilities and rooms provide all the homely comforts eager campers will need. Here at ISC Spain we take care of all the little details, so that each and every one of our students can feel at home.
11 What do ISC sport camps offer?
A. Watersports in the evening. B. Admission to sport schools.
C. Leisure activities every morning. D. Guidance from professionals.
12. What do we know about Alicante?
A. It is a castle near Campello. B. It is a popular tourist destination.
C. It is a coastal city with a hot climate. D. It is best-known for summer sport camps.
13. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To promote a summer camp package of ISC.
B. To recommend an ideal place for sport camps.
C. To describe the activities in ISC’s sport camps.
D. To introduce the requirement of a summer camp package.
【答案】11. D 12. B 13. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了ISC体育夏令营，具体给出了夏令营的活动内容、面向对象、举行的地点和住宿等相关信息。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“With coaching from professional staff, you are sure to leave the camp with an experience you’ll never forget.(在专业人员的指导下，你一定会带着一段难忘的经历离开营地)”可知，ISC体育夏令营会提供专业人士的指导。故选D。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“This summer camp package takes place in Alicante, Spain. With an average of 300 sunny days a year, and an average temperature of 18 degrees, this coastal city is one of the most desired Mediterranean tourist destinations.(这个夏令营套餐在西班牙的阿利坎特进行。每年平均有300个晴天，平均气温为18摄氏度，这个沿海城市是最令人向往的地中海旅游目的地之一)”可知，阿利坎特气候宜人，是一个旅游胜地。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章以第一人称介绍了ISC体育夏令营，具体给出了夏令营的活动内容、面向对象、举行的地点和住宿等相关信息，全文在突出参与夏令营的收获、好处。由此推知，文章是为了推广ISC夏令营，吸引更多的人参与其中。故选A。
B
About a decade ago, Lawson was at a beach in Virginia watching his kids build castles right next to the waves.
“I kept trying to get them to come back because I thought it was a terrible idea,” he remarked. He wanted them to build their sandcastles closer to the dunes (沙丘). But they found it more exciting to build right where the waves hit, seeing their sandcastles get destroyed, and then rebuilding them with whatever debris (残骸) washed up from the ocean. “It seemed so symbolic, somehow, of how life works more than just building your perfect sandcastles,” said Lawson. When he decided to turn that sunny day into a children’s book, the idea came to just use pictures. “It seemed like it would work beautifully without words,” he said.
A Day for Sandcastles is illustrated (加插图) by Qin Leng. It’s the second wordless picture book for Lawson and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shop. Leng’s illustrations stay pretty true to real life. The siblings spend the day building sandcastles and watching them get destroyed by a flying hat. “To me it’s a celebration of childhood and the simple joys of life. These are the things I like to capture (捕捉),” said Leng.
Leng spent part of her childhood in France, and she was inspired by European comic books. “What I love to do when I illustrate a picture book is add side stories to the main storyline. I always think about the readers and the longevity (持久) of the book, and I want them to be able to discover something new every time they revisit the book,” Leng explained.
At the end of the day, the sleepy-eyed kids pile into the bus that will take them home. “Those last pages are some of my favorite. They capture that feeling like at the end of the day on the beach, when it’s getting dark and you feel completely exhausted,” Lawson said. It must be a universal childhood feeling: happy with sand, sticky from the salt, hot from the sun, and ready to fall asleep the moment you get into the car.
14. Why does Lawson mention the scene where the kids built sandcastles?
A. To suggest a way to relax.
B. To explain how life works.
C. To show the inspiration for his book.
D. To remind readers of their childhood.
15. What can be learned about the two books mentioned?
A. Their readers are limited to young kids.
B. Readers can only find pictures in them.
C. The stories in them are works of fantasy.
D. They carry no features of comic books.
16. How does Lawson feel when talking about the last pages in Paragraph 5?
A. Surprised. B. Tired. C. Worried. D. Pleased.
17. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Two Popular Picture Books B. The Simple Joys of Life
C. Childhood in Sandcastles D. An Experience at the Beach
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. D 17. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了无字绘本A Day for Sandcastles的创作背景、作者对该绘本的诠释。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When he decided to turn that sunny day into a children’s book, the idea came to just use pictures.(当他决定把那个阳光明媚的一天变成一本儿童读物时，他想到了只用图片。)”可知，孩子们建造沙滩城堡的场景让Lawson想把它变成一本只有图片的书，由此可推测出，这给他提供了创作的灵感。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A Day for Sandcastles is illustrated (加插图) by Qin Leng. It’s the second wordless picture book for Lawson and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shop.(A Day for Sandcastles由Qin Leng绘制。这是自2021年的Over the Shop以来，Lawson和Qin Leng的第二本无字绘本。)”可知，这两本书中都没有文字，只有图画。故选B。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中Lawson说的话“Those last pages are some of my favorite. They capture that feeling like at the end of the day on the beach, when it’s getting dark and you feel completely exhausted(最后这几页是我最喜欢的。它们捕捉到了一天结束时在海滩上的感觉，天快黑了，你感到筋疲力尽)”可知，这最后几页捕捉到了在海滩上尽兴玩耍一天后的感觉，是作者最喜欢的部分，由此可推知，Lawson对这最后几页很满意。故选D。
【17题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了无字绘本A Day for Sandcastles的创作背景、作者对该绘本的诠释。第一、二段描述了A Day for Sandcastles的创作背景，结合第一段中的“Lawson was at a beach in Virginia watching his kids build castles right next to the waves(Lawson在弗吉尼亚州的海滩上看着他的孩子们在海浪旁建造城堡)”可知，孩子们在海滩上建造城堡给了Lawson创作灵感。根据第三段中的“‘To me it’s a celebration of childhood and the simple joys of life. These are the things I like to capture (捕捉),’ said Leng.(‘对我来说，这是对童年和简单生活乐趣的庆祝。这些都是我喜欢捕捉的东西,’Qin Leng说。)”可知，这本书主要描绘了童年的美好时光。由此可推知，本文主要介绍了A Day for Sandcastles这本书，描绘了在海滩建城堡的美好童年时光，所以C项“沙滩城堡里的童年”最能照应本文主题，符合题意。故选C。
C
Humans have always assumed that there is a huge gulf between animal behavior and human development. However, recent research into animals shows that animals are continuously designing innovative methods to finish their tasks. Examining the nature and results of their creativity can help us understand evolution.
Research shows that animals too can be creative. By inventing new behavioral patterns and adapting their behavior to new contexts, as well as to changes in social and ecological environments, researchers show that animal innovation too can be diverse. For instance, chimpanzees (猩猩) use tools such as sharp spines and stalks to remove the hearts of palm vegetables from trees. Herring gulls (鲜鱼海码) found out quite a cruel way of killing rabbits - drowning them in the sea.
Innovative species tend to survive when they enter new places, but behavior cannot be recognized unless “normal” behavior is studied. Researchers can now count and document the innovations that have been created by species, which would help them to quantify their creativity. Studies also show us that all animals are not equally inventive, with primates (灵长目动物) tending to be more innovative due to their bigger brains.
The greatest scientific significance has been the innovation shown by animals such as apes, capuchins and macaques among primates. These species of primates possess the biggest brains in proportion to their body sizes. They are also heavy tool users. Their broad diets and complex forms of learning are also insightful. They indicate an evolutionary strategy that gave them new solutions to life’s challenges.
However, even if these animals show innovativeness, they do not have the ability to improve upon solutions of others. Unless they share information accurately and copy each other’s inventions, their creative inventions are likely to disappear before they can be innovated further. This ability can be managed only by humans, for we are able to build on shared knowledge.
18. What does the underlined word “gulf” in the first paragraph mean?
A. Connections. B. Conflict. C. Balance. D. Difference.
19. Why does the author mention “chimpanzees” and “Herring gulls” in Paragraph 2?
A. They are both creative.
B They are both heavy tool users.
C. They create innovations in different ways.
D. They kill other animals in the same cruel way.
20. What can we learn about animal creativity?
A. It is equally distributed among animals.
B. It helps animals adapt to the environment.
C. Animals’ innovations are easy to be recognized.
D. Animals’ innovations are facing huge challenges.
21. What aspect of animals does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Their ability to share information accurately.
B. Their willingness to learn from each other.
C. Their inability to take creativity forward.
D. Their unwillingness to cooperate effectively.
【答案】18. D 19. C 20. B 21. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究发现动物不断地设计创新的方法来完成它们的任务，提高了它们适应环境的能力，也帮助我们理解进化。
【18题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“However, recent research into animals shows that animals are continuously designing innovative methods to finish their tasks.(然而，最近对动物的研究表明，动物不断地设计创新的方法来完成它们的任务。)”可知，动物在不断创新来完成它们的任务，这一行为与人类是相同的，副词however表示前后意思相反，由此可知，划线单词所在的句子认为动物的行为与人类的行为之间有所不同，所以划线词gulf的意思应该与“不同”意思相近。故选D项。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Research shows that animals too can be creative. By inventing new behavioral patterns and adapting their behavior to new contexts, as well as to changes in social and ecological environments, researchers show that animal innovation too can be diverse. (研究表明，动物也有创造力。通过发明新的行为模式并使其行为适应新的环境，以及社会和生态环境的变化，研究人员表明动物的创新也可以是多样化的。)”可知，研究表明，动物也有创造力，而且它们的创新也可以是多样化的，下文中为了说明这一研究发现而列举猩猩和银鸥，由此可知，列举猩猩与银鸥的目的是为了证明动物在以不同的方式创新。故选C项。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Their broad diets and complex forms of learning are also insightful. They indicate an evolutionary strategy that gave them new solutions to life’s challenges.(他们广泛的饮食和复杂的学习方式也很有见地。它们表明了一种进化策略，为它们提供了应对生活挑战的新方法。)”可知，动物的创造力表明了一种进化策略，为它们应对挑战提供了新方法，由此可知，动物的创造力帮助动物适应环境。故选B项。
【21题详解】
主旨大意题。根据尾段“However, even if these animals show innovativeness, they do not have the ability to improve upon solutions of others. Unless they share information accurately and copy each other’s inventions, their creative inventions are likely to disappear before they can be innovated further.”(然而，即使这些动物表现出创新能力，它们也没有能力改进其他动物的解决方案。除非它们准确地分享信息并复制彼此的发明，否则它们的创造性发明很可能在进一步创新之前就消失了。)”可知，动物不能准确地分享彼此的发明，所以没有能力改进其它动物的解决方案，创造性发明再进一步创新前就已经消失，由此可知，最后一段主要讲的是动物不能进一步改进它们的创造力。故选C项。
D
With the development of artificial intelligence, writers are increasingly wrestling with a hard truth: It appears robots are coming for their jobs. Little more than a plaything of researchers a decade ago, AI and automated (自动化的) robots are regularly producing countless articles on a daily basis.
Observes Mayur Bhatt, marketing head, SEO Services Guru: “It is only a matter of time before algorithms (算法) are able to write articles on any topic and for any target group.” Adds noted author Stephen Marche: “Whatever field you are in, if it uses language, it is about to be transformed.” People of writing driven by AI insist the robots are simply here ‘to serve humanity’. Robots will do the hard labor work, they say. Writers will be freed-up to engage in more interesting, more in-depth and more creative work.
But for the many writers and editors who have already lost their jobs to AI, that pleasant future is a tough sell. Consider Radar, a hyper-local news service that has been generating (生成) AI-written articles in the UK since 2017. Instead of using reporters to cover news beats, Radar relies on robots. Those machines mine government databases on crime, health, environment and similar-and then auto-write stories from that data with an extremely local hook. For example: Radar’s AI software can ingest a new government report on crime across the UK, and then auto-generate hundreds of customized (订制的) stories from the study, based on localized data. Each story is hyper-localized to a town or even a smaller community by including data from the government report. The resulting micro-focused stories are sold to news companies throughout Britain-as well as to any other news companies that might be interested. Gary Rogers, editor-in-chief, Radar: “There is open data across all the main beats of news-health, crime, transport, etc. -filled with stories waiting to be told.”
So far, many writers are aware of the adoption of AI-generated writing via a few, well-publicized stories about the tech’s use at major news organizations like Bloomberg, the BBC and The New York Times. But it turns out those above represent only smattering of what’s really going on. A 2021 study found that 15% of news stories are now automatically generated at leading news companies using AI. Moreover, the adoption of AI-generated writing has gone far beyond news-reporting, cropping-up across a wide range of writing jobs.
To date, human beings still best their robot competitors in writing of the highest quality. Even so, the hard fact remains that AI will be producing an increasing number of automated writing in coming years that competes in a world often entrapped in the icy hold of ‘good enough’.
22. What can be infered from the paragraph 2?
A. Algorithms can write articles quickly. B. Writing is more than a pay thing.
C. Writing is hard but interesting. D. AI writing has great potential.
23. How does Radar produce AI-written articles?
A. By including official data. B. By quoting local stories.
C. By selling customized stories. D. By reporting main news beats.
24. What does the underlined word “smattering” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. An unfair fact. B. A small part.
C. An original idea. D. A basic research.
25. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How AI makes writing jobs automated.
B. How AI serves human reporters in writing.
C. How AI is widely accepted in writing.
D. How AI beats human beings in writing.
【答案】22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今人工智能是怎样做到在自动写作方面有突出表现的，同时点明面对这一情况，该领域的就业及人类的工作前景仍然很严峻。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It is only a matter of time before algorithms (算法) are able to write articles on any topic and for any target group.(算法可以为任何主题和任何目标群体撰写文章这件事只是时间问题)”可知，由第二段我们可以推断出一件事：人工智能写作是有巨大潜力的。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Those machines mine government databases on crime, health, environment and similar-and then auto-write stories from that data with an extremely local hook.(这些机器挖掘政府在犯罪、健康、环境和一些类似的方面的数据库，然后极端地用本地钩子从这些数据中自动编写故事)”可知，雷达公司是通过纳入官方数据在内的内容来生产人工智能编写的文章的。故选A项。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“So far, many writers are aware of the adoption of AI-generated writing via a few, well-publicized stories about the tech’s use at major news organizations like Bloomberg, the BBC and The New York Times.(迄今为止，有很多作家通过像彭博社、英国广播公司和纽约时报的机构，知道了一些被广为流传的有关人工智能技术使用的故事，意识到了人工智能写作是被采用的)”可知，虽然人们通过一些渠道了解到了一些人工智能在写作方面的运用，但这只是冰山一角，因为人工智能在写作领域的运用远比人们想的要广泛。故划线词的意思应是“一小部分”。故选B项。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Among the excitement of all things artificial intelligence, writers are increasingly wrestling with a hard truth: It appears robots are coming for their jobs. Little more than a plaything of researchers a decade ago, AI and automated robots are regularly producing countless articles on a daily basis.(在所有人工智能令人兴奋的事情中，作家们越来越多地在与一个残酷的事实作斗争:机器人似乎正在取代他们的工作。十年前，人工智能和自动化机器人还只是研究人员的玩物，如今每天都能写出无数篇文章)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了人工智能和写作之间的关系，具体来说是人工智能如何自动生成文章，也就人工智能如何使写作工作自动化展开的。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读补全，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。
If you could have any job in the world, what would it be? Children have been asked this question for generations, but it seems their answer are changing. ____26____
Twenty-five years ago, the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher, followed by working in banking and finance, and then medicine. Today’s younger generation most commonly say they want to be a sport star, a pop star or an actor. ____27____ Others feel that this trend will ultimately lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals.
According to a survey, children desire these jobs largely because of the wealth associated with them. ____28____ If people link happiness to wealth and status, they are more likely to work hard to achieve them. But the satisfaction is short-lived. This then creates a pressure for the person to keep pushing to achieve more targets, which places the individual under greater stress.
____29____ Many careers in the spotlight are short-lived. For example, many athletes’ physical peak only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career.
Despite the drawbacks of being rich and famous, there is greater ambition than ever among young people to attain that status. ____30____ People unrealistically believe that a celebrity (名人) lifestyle is easily attainable. Unfortunately, it takes talent, skill, and hard work to be good at a sport or at singing. As a result, many won’t fulfill their childhood dreams, and this could have a negative effect on their happiness.
A. As a result , they have a feeling of worthlessness.
B. This has been caused by today’s celebrity culture.
C. Many agree that people should set the goals at an early age.
D. However, such ambitions may put pressure on the individual.
E. A recently study has highlighted a dramatic shift in children’s ambitions.
F. Some people would argue that there is nothing wrong with such ambitions.
G. Moreover, fame and fortune do not always have a positive impact on an individual’s life.
【答案】26. E 27. F 28. D 29. G 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。“孩子们长大后想做什么工作”的答案随着时代发展而变化，当今的多数孩子想成为体育明星，流行明星或演员，文章探究了这一现象的原因，及其对孩子们未来幸福指数的影响。
【26题详解】
根据上文“If you could have any job in the world, what would it be? Children have been asked this question for generations, but it seems their answer are changing.(如果你能在世界上找到一份工作，你会选择什么？孩子们已经被问了几代人这个问题，但似乎他们的答案正在改变)”可知，上文提到关于找到工作的问题答案正在改变，结合后文主要说明了孩子抱负的变化，故E选项“最近的一项研究强调了孩子们抱负的巨大变化”符合语境，故选E。
【27题详解】
根据上文“Twenty-five years ago, the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher, followed by working in banking and finance, and then medicine. Today’s younger generation most commonly say they want to be a sport star, a pop star or an actor.(25年前，美国孩子最普遍的志向是成为一名教师，其次是在银行和金融业工作，然后是医学。今天的年轻一代最普遍的说法是他们想成为体育明星、流行歌手或演员)”以及后文“Others feel that this trend will ultimately lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals.(另一些人则认为这种趋势最终会导致人们的不满，因为越来越多的人无法达到他们的目标)”可知，本句是在说明一些人对此的看法，F选项中some与后文others，可构成some…others…。故F选项“有些人会说这样的野心没有错”符合语境，故选F。
【28题详解】
根据上文“According to the survey, children desire these jobs largely because of the wealth associated with them. (调查显示，孩子们渴望这些工作，很大程度上是因为与之相关的财富)”以及下文“If people link happiness to wealth and status, they are more likely to work hard to achieve them.(如果人们把幸福与财富和地位联系起来，他们就更有可能努力工作来实现它们)”可知，本句与上文为转折关系，与下文为解释关系。故D项“However, such ambitions may put pressure on the individual.(然而，这样的野心可能会给个人带来压力)”语意连贯顺畅，故选D。
【29题详解】
根据后文“Many careers in the spotlight are short-lived. For example, many athletes’ physical peak only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career.(许多在聚光灯下的职业生涯都是短暂的。例如，许多运动员的身体高峰只能持续几年，歌手的职业生涯也很有限)”可知，后文主要列举了短暂的职业生涯，说明这些职业带来的名誉和财富也存在负面影响，故G选项“此外，名誉和财富并不总是对个人的生活产生积极的影响。”符合语境，故选G。
【30题详解】
根据上文“Despite the drawbacks of being rich and famous, there is greater ambition than ever among young people to attain that status. (尽管想变富有和出名的种种缺点，年轻人比以往任何时候都更有雄心去获得这种地位)”结合下文“People unrealistically believed that a celebrity lifestyle is easily attainable. (人们不切实际地认为名人的生活方式很容易实现)”可知，B项“This has been brought about by today’s celebrity culture.(这是由当今的名人文化带来的)”中的this指代上文的“being rich and famous”，“to attain that status”，想要名利双收的抱负，B项与上文为因果关系，下文则解释了B项这个现象的原因。语意连贯顺畅，故选B项。
四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。
How can you tell if someone’s lying? The answer is, they’re probably not．
Traditional economics says that people make reasonable choices and will lie if it’s to their ____31____. A recent university study has shown that, actually, we’re pretty ____32____— especially when we’re at home.
Researchers in Germany ____33____ people at home and asked them to toss (投掷) a coin. There was a strong ____34____ incentive (刺激) to lie about the result: if the coin landed tails-up, the participants would receive money, while if the coin landed heads-up, they would get nothing. Because they were on the phone, they knew there was no____35____ of getting caught if they lied．
And yet people told the____36____. Over hundreds of tosses, a coin will land tails-up about 50% of the time. In this ____37____ over half the people asked (55.6%) said that the coin landed heads-up, which meant they would receive nothing．
Previous studies had found that people were more ____38____. In those laboratory studies, 75% of people reported a ____39____ coin and asked for a reward. So the research team thinks it’s being in our own homes which makes us play fair, although it’s not yet clear why．
In fact both types of study show people are surprisingly _____40_____. Even in the laboratory, 25% of people _____41_____ down a reward by telling the truth. The researchers say this is because honesty is _____42_____ valued in human society. We care about our _____43_____ and our sense of ourselves as decent (体面的) people. So lying has a psychological _____44_____ and it seems this cost is more important than the financial benefits of _____45_____.
31. A. surprise B. relief C. amusement D. advantage
32. A. honest B. strict C. calm D. afraid
33. A. visited B. saw C. phoned D. caught
34. A. mental B. financial C. technical D. educational
35. A. idea B. need C. evidence D. risk
36. A. difference B. truth C. story D. secret
37. A. case B. interview C. speech D. study
38. A. faithful B. grateful C. disappointed D. dishonest
39. A. missing B. losing C. winning D. shining
40. A. reliable B. greedy C. brave D. wealthy
41. A. received B. refused C. won D. required
42. A. highly B. normally C. formally D. poorly
43. A. money B. family C. jobs D. reputation
44. A. reason B. effect C. cost D. function
45. A. studying B. lying C. phoning D. reporting
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. D 39. C 40. A 41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们通常会在什么样的环境下撒谎，以及诚实这一优秀品质在我们生活中的重要作用。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：传统经济学认为，人们会做出合理的选择，如果这对他们有利，他们就会撒谎。A. surprise惊讶；B. relief宽慰；C. amusement娱乐；D. advantage有利条件。根据前文“people make reasonable choices”可知，人们会做出合理的选择，说明只要是对他们有利，他们也可以撒谎。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近的一项大学研究表明，事实上，我们非常诚实——尤其是当我们在家的时候。A. honest诚实的；B. strict严格的；C. calm平静的；D. afraid害怕的。根据后文“So the research team thinks it’s being in our own homes which makes us play fair”可知，研究者发现人们在家的时候会更加公平，推断出人们在即是诚实的。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：德国的研究人员给家里的人打电话，让他们扔硬币。A. visited拜访；B. saw看见；C. phoned打电话；D. caught抓住。根据后文“Because they were on the phone”可知，人们是通过电话交流的，推断出德国的研究人员是给家里的人打电话。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有强烈的经济动机在结果上撒谎：如果硬币朝上落下，参与者将获得金钱，而如果硬币朝下落下，他们将一无所获。A. mental精神的；B. financial经济的；C. technical技术的；D. educational教育的。根据后文“if the coin landed tails-up, the participants would receive money”可知，如果硬币朝上落下，参与者将收到钱，说明这格实验是有强烈的经济动机的。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为他们在打电话，他们知道如果他们撒谎就没有被抓住的风险。A. idea想法；B. need需要；C. evidence证据；D. risk风险。根据前文“Because they were on the phone”可知，实验是在电话里进行的，所以推断出撒谎是没有风险的。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而人们说的是事实。A. difference不同；B. truth事实；C. story故事；D. secret秘密。根据后文“over half the people asked (55.6%) said that the coin landed heads-up, which meant they would receive nothing.”可知，超过一半的受访者（55.6%）表示，硬币正面朝上，这意味着他们将一无所获，说明人们即使知道自己拿不到钱也没有撒谎，说明人们说的是事实。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这项研究中，超过一半的受访者（55.6%）表示，硬币正面朝上，这意味着他们将一无所获。A. case事例；B. interview采访；C. speech演讲；D. study研究。根据前文“A recent university study”可知，这是一项新的研究，D项study为原词复现。故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：先前的研究发现人们更不诚实。A. faithful忠诚的；B. grateful感激的；C. disappointed失望的；D. dishonest不诚实的。根据后文“In those laboratory studies, 75% of people reported a ____9____ coin and asked for a reward.”可知，之前作的实验中有 75%的人报告了一枚中奖硬币并要求奖励，这个数值偏高，推断出在之前的实验中有人不诚实。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这些实验室研究中，75%的人报告了一枚中奖硬币并要求奖励。A. missing失踪的；B. losing失败的；C. winning胜利的；D. shining闪耀的。根据后文“asked for a reward”可知，人们要求奖励，说明他们报告的是胜利的硬币的一面。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这两种类型的研究都表明，人们的可靠性令人惊讶。A. reliable可靠的；B. greedy贪婪的；C. brave勇敢的；D. wealthy富有的。根据后文“Even in the laboratory, 25% of people ____11____ down a reward by telling the truth.”可知，即使在实验室里，也有25%的人因为说实话而拒绝了奖励，说明之前的两个实验中人们是可靠的。故选A项。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在实验室里，也有25%的人因为说实话而拒绝了奖励。A. received收到；B. refused拒绝；C. won赢得；D. required要求。根据前文“In those laboratory studies, 75% of people reported a ____9____ coin and asked for a reward.”可知，有75%的人报告了一枚中奖硬币并要求奖励，说明有25%的人因为说实话而拒绝了奖励。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：研究人员表示，这是因为诚实在人类社会中受到高度重视。A. highly高度地；B. normally正常地；C. formally正式地；D. poorly穷困地。根据后文“We care about our ____13____ and our sense of ourselves as decent (体面的) people.”可知，我们关心我们的声誉和我们作为正派人的感觉，说明实在人类社会中受到高度重视。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们关心我们的声誉和我们作为正派人的感觉。A. money钱；B. family家庭；C. jobs工作；D. reputation名誉。根据后文“our sense of ourselves as decent (体面的) people”可知，人们希望有体面的名声，说明人们在乎自己的声誉。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以撒谎是有心理代价的，这种代价似乎比撒谎的经济利益更重要。A. reason理由；B. effect效果；C. cost代价；D. function功能。根据后文“it seems this cost is more important than the financial benefits”可知，撒谎的代价似乎比撒谎的经济利益更重要，C项cost为原词复现。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以撒谎是有心理代价的，这种代价似乎比撒谎的经济利益更重要。A. studying学习；B. lying撒谎；C. phoning打电话；D. reporting报道。根据前文“So lying has a psychological ____14____ and it seems this cost is more important than the financial benefits of ____15____.”可知，此处对撒谎的心理代价和经济利益进行了对比，B项lying为原词复现。故选B项。
第二部分非选择题(共60分+5分)
五、单词拼写(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
请用M3U2-M3U4Reading 所学单词填空(按中文释义、英文释义+首字母或同根词写出单词的形式)。
61-64题：请根据括号内的英文解释和首字母填入单词的正确形式，填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。
46. When Eric came into the classroom, he could hear some of the students w________ (to say something very quickly) with their deskmates. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】whispering##hispering
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当埃里克走进教室时，他能听到一些学生和同桌在窃窃私语。根据首字母以及英文提示可知为动词whisper，且此处为hear+宾语+宾补结构，whisper与students构成主动关系，且表动作正在进行，故用现在分词作宾补。故填whispering。
47. My sister and I have d________ (very different from each other ) ideas on how to raise children.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】diverse##iverse
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我姐姐和我对如何抚养孩子有不同的想法。根据空格后的名词可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，根据首字母和句意“不同的”是diverse。故填diverse。
48. It o________ ( to suddenly think of or realize something) to me that I had left my wallet in the office. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】occurred##ccurred
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：我突然想到我把钱包落在办公室里了。根据空处所处位置和空后的介词to，这里应用不及物动词，作主句的谓语。结合括号后中的提示和首字母提示，这里表示突然想到，应用动词occur。根据句中的“had left”，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填occurred。
49. As a teenager, you should surf the Internet to know some c________(happening or existing now) affairs about the world in order to broaden your horizons. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】current##urrent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一个青少年，你应该上网了解一些关于世界的时事，以开阔你的视野。根据首字母和英文释义可知，空处需用形容词current“当前的”作affairs的定语，current affairs意为“时事”。故填current。
65-70题：根据括号内的单词填入单词的正确形式。
50. She will continue in her present job until a ________ (replace) can be found. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】replacement
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在找到接替者之前，她将继续担任目前的工作。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作主语，replace的名词为replacement意为“接替者”，且空前有不定冠词a，所以使用名词单数。故填replacement。
51. ________ (fortune), UNICEF with the support from the European Union is making a difference to the lives of many families. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Fortunately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，儿童基金会在欧洲联盟的支持下正在改变许多家庭的生活。空格处修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词形式。结合句意，故填Fortunately。
52. The woman at the ticket window told me that the ________ (admit) fee was 180 yuan. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】admission
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：售票窗口的那位女士告诉我入场费是180元。根据空后的fee可知，这里应用名词admission作定语，admission fee“入场费”。故填admission。
53. The country gained its ________ (independent) from Spain in 1664 after more than 100 years’ struggle. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】independence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：经过100多年的斗争，这个国家于1664年从西班牙独立出来。作动词的宾语，应用名词independence，为不可数名词。故填independence。
54. With the dispute ________ (settle), the two countries strengthened their relations. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】settled
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：争端解决后，两国加强了关系。settle(解决)在句中作with复合结构中宾语the dispute的补足语，与其逻辑主语the dispute之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填settled。
55. In the past ten years, so many people ________ (seek) their fortune in the capital city of the country. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】have sought
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，许多人在这个国家的首都寻找他们的财富。根据上文In the past ten years可知用现在完成时，主语为so many people，助动词用have。故填have sought。
71-75题：根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。
56. Doctor Lin believed that to a person, nothing is more ________ (珍贵的) than their life.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】precious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：林医生认为，对一个人来说，没有什么比生命更珍贵了。根据空格后的名词可知，空格处应填形容词作表语，结合汉语提示“珍贵的”是precious。故填precious。
57. Men are anxious to improve their living conditions, but they are unwilling to improve themselves. They ________ (因此) remain stuck in their position. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】therefore
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：人们渴望改善自己的生活条件，但他们不愿意提升自己。因此，他们仍然被困在自己的地方。结合空处所在位置和汉语提示，这里应用副词therefore，意为“因此”，修饰整个句子。故填therefore。
58. I refuse to lie about it because it is against my ________ (道德原则). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】principles
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：关于此事我拒绝撒谎，因为这违背了我的道德原则。根据汉语提示可知，这里应用名词principle“道德原则”，可数名词，常用复数形式。故填principles。
59. Our plan should be ________ (灵活的) enough to meet the needs of everyone. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】flexible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的计划应该足够灵活，以满足每个人的需求。根据空前的be和汉语提示，这里应用形容词flexible“灵活的”，作表语。故填flexible。
60. The ________ (宇航员) are conducting a series of experiments to learn more about how the body adapts to weightlessness. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】astronauts
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：宇航员正在进行一系列实验，以了解更多关于身体如何适应失重状态的知识。根据空前的The并结合汉语提示，这里应用名词astronaut“宇航员”，为可数名词。根据空后的谓语are conducting，这里表示复数概念，应用名词复数。故填astronauts。
六、短语填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
请用M3U2-M3U4所学短语的适当形式填空。
61. Because of problems ________ (导致) by the trade conflicts, foreign companies in China will face more difficulties. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】caused
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的过去分词形式。句意：由于贸易冲突带来的问题，外国公司在中国将面临更多的困难。cause意为“导致”符合题意。“Because of”为介词短语，其后不跟句子，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语problems和cause之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式，作定语。故填caused。
62. He said the environment in this area is healthy, with ________ (各种各样的) wildlife including eagles, Tibetan foxes and so on.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】all kinds of
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他说，这个地区的环境很健康，有各种各样的野生动物，包括鹰、藏狐等。根据汉语提示，表示“种类“应为kind，表示“各种各样的”应为all kinds of修饰名词wildlife。故填all kinds of。
63. The physical training ________ (给我提供很好的机会) to work on my weakness before the competition starts. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】offers me a great opportunity
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：在比赛开始前，体能训练为我提供了一个改善我弱点的很好机会。根据句意，表示“给某人提供某物”应为offer sb. sth.，根据从句中的谓语动词starts可知，此处应为一般现在时态，且与句子主语构成主动关系，主语为第三人称单数，故使用offers sb. sth.；表示“很好的机会”为great opportunity且为可数名词单数，所以前面使用不定冠词，great的第一个音素为辅音，所以使用不定冠词a。故填offers me a great opportunity。
64. March 12 was set as Chinese Tree Planting Day ________ (作为对……的纪念) Sun Yat-sen, who was not only a pioneer of the Chinese revolution, but also the first to advocate a national tree-planting program. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】in memory of##in honour of##in honor of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：3月12日被定为中国植树日，以纪念孙中山，他不仅是中国革命的先驱，也是第一个倡导国家植树计划的人。“作为对……的纪念”应用介词短语in memory/honour/honor of，故填in memory/honour/honor of。
65. To better understand how Dr. Chen ________ (尝试做) preserve the spirit of Chinese painting in the past, I strongly recommend you to visit the National Art Museum of China. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】made an attempt to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：为了更好地了解陈博士过去是如何努力保存中国绘画精神的，我强烈建议你参观中国国家美术馆。“尝试做”为短语make an attempt to do，由in the past可知，从句描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，谓语动词make应用过去式，故填made an attempt to。
66. ________ (尽管有巨大的风险) posed by the pandemic, the doctors stuck to their posts and made outstanding contributions to the society. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】Despite the huge risks
【解析】
【详解】考查介词、形容词、冠词和名词。句意：尽管疫情带来了巨大的风险，但医生们仍坚守岗位，为社会做出了杰出贡献。despite意为“尽管”，其后可跟名词作宾语。huge意为“巨大的”修饰名词risk“风险”，结合空后的“posed by the pandemic”和常识可知，风险不止一项，应用复数形式，且这里特指疫情带来的风险，应加定冠词the。故填Despite the huge risks。
67. You may spend 20 years ________ (抱怨) working out, but it’s officially time to stop doing that. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】complaining about
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：你或许花20年时间抱怨健身，但是现在是时候正式停止这样做了。“抱怨”为动词短语complain about，spend time (in) doing sth.固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”。故填complaining about。
68. We not only ________ (谋生) but we also expanded the market for the villagers. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】earned a living
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：我们不仅谋生，还为村民扩大了市场。根据汉语提示“谋生”可知，这里应用固定短语earn a living，其中living为可数名词，作“生计”讲时常用单数。not only…but also…连接并列的谓语结构，所以前后形式应一致。根据but also后的expanded可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填earned a living。
69. China ________ (取得巨大的进步) into industry in the past decades. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】has made great progress in
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、动词短语。句意：在过去的几十年里，中国在工业方面取得了巨大的进步。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做谓语，主语为单数，根据时间状语“in the past decades(在过去的几十年里)”可知句子中表示的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响，使用现在完成时，表示“取得巨大进步”含义的短语为make great progress in，故填has made great progress in。
70. The woman’s water pot went crashing to the head. She picked herself up and ________ (噙着眼泪一瘸一拐地走了). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】limped away in tears
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：女人的水壶撞到了头上。她站起身来，流着泪一瘸一拐地走了。根据汉语提示可知应用短语limp away表达“一瘸一拐地离开”，结合上文picked可知为一般过去时；表示“含着泪”短语为 in tears，副词短语作状语。故填limped away in tears。
七、语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的正确形式填空(正确形式可使用两个词或以上)。
Once a poor traveller stopped under a tree. From his bag he took out a bowl of ____71____ (boil) rice and started to eat. Next to the tree was a small shop. In the shop there was a woman ____72____ (sell) fried fish to travellers able to pay for it. When the man finished eating and got up to leave, she shouted, “You have not paid ____73____(I) for your meal!”
“But I ordered nothing from you!” he said.
“Everyone can see that you ____74____ (enjoy) the smell of my fried fish with your rice just now,” argued the woman. “If you hadn’t smelt the fish, your meal would not have been so ____75____ (please)!”
Soon a crowd gathered. ____76____ they supported the traveller, they also agreed that the wind was blowing from the shop to the place ____77____ he had eaten, carrying the smell of the fried fish to him.
At last, the woman took him to a judge and after ____78____ (tell) the judge the story, she insisted that the man had enjoyed her fish smell and that he should pay 25 cents. After hearing the evidence, the judge asked the man to drop ____79____ 25-cent coin on the ground. “Here is your payment, the sound of 25 cents ____80____the smell of the fried fish.”
【答案】71. boiled
72. selling
73. me 74. enjoyed
75. pleasing##plansant
76. Though##Although
77. where 78. telling
79. a 80. for
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从前，一位贫穷的旅行者坐在一颗树下拿出自己的饭吃起来，在旅行者吃完饭后，对面炸鱼的商店老板要求旅行者为刚才闻到炸鱼的味道付钱的故事。
【71题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他从包里拿出一碗煮熟米饭，开始吃起来。此处应用形容词boiled作定语，修饰名词rice，表示“煮熟的”。故填boiled。
【72题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在商店里有一个妇女卖炸鱼给有能力付钱的旅行者。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词woman，且动词sell和名词woman是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填selling。
【73题详解】
考查代词。句意：当那个男人吃完饭，起身准备离开时，她喊道:“你还没有付我饭钱呢！”此处应用宾格me作宾语，故填me。
【74题详解】
考查时态。句意：“大家都能看出来，你刚才吃饭时闻到了我炒鱼的香味，”那个女人争辩道。此处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，由just now可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填enjoyed。
【75题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“如果你没有闻到鱼的味道，你的饭菜就不会这么美味了！”此处应用形容词作表语，表示“令人愉悦的”，应用形容词pleasing/pleasant，故填pleasing/pleasant。
【76题详解】
考查连词。句意：虽然他们支持旅行者，但是他们也同意风从商店吹到他吃饭的地方，把炸鱼的味道带给他。前后是转折关系，此处应用连词though/although引导让步状语从句，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Though/Although。
【77题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：虽然他们支持旅行者，但是他们也同意风从商店吹到他吃饭的地方，把炸鱼的味道带给他。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词place，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词来引导，故填where。
【78题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，这个女人把他带到一个法官那里，在告诉法官这个故事之后，她坚持说这个男人喜欢她的鱼味，他应该付25美分。介词after后应用动名词作宾语，故填telling。
【79题详解】
考查冠词。句意：听取证词后，法官要求该男子将一枚25美分的硬币扔在地上。此处泛指一枚25美分的硬币，应用不定冠词来修饰，且25-cent发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
【80题详解】
考查介词。句意：这是支付给你的——25美分买炸鱼的味道。空处是名词，此处表示“为换取”应用介词for，故填for。
八、书面表达(满分15分+5分书写)
81. 我校正在组织英语作文比赛，请以值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 他(她)面对的困难和做出的选择；
2. 他(她)身上值得学习的品质或美德。
注意：
1. 词数80以上；
2. 要求使用句式：非谓语结构，定语从句；
3. 可增加连接成分，是结构清晰，行文连贯；
4. 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
5. 请避免泄露个人信息，包括姓名、学校、班级等。
The person I respect
There are many respectable people.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文一
There are many respectable people. They may be our teachers, parents or one of our elders. As for me, my father is the person I respect most. My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much. He works very hard every day but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work.
When I come across the problems of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely. He achieved a lot in his work, respected by his students. So, in my mind, my father is the person I respect most and I love him deeply.
参考范文二
There are many respectable people. But one person who stands out to me is my grandmother. Despite facing many difficulties throughout her life, she has always made choices that reflect her strong character and kind heart.
Growing up, my grandmother faced many challenges. She was born into a poor family and had to work hard to support herself and her siblings. Later in life, she faced health problems that made it difficult for her to do even simple tasks. Despite these obstacles, she never gave up. She always found a way to keep going and to help others along the way.
One of the things that I admire most about my grandmother is her kindness. She always puts others before herself and is always willing to lend a helping hand. Whether it’s cooking a meal for someone in need or simply listening to a friend who is going through a tough time, she always goes out of her way to make others feel loved and cared for.
Another quality that I admire in my grandmother is her resilience. Despite facing many challenges throughout her life, she has never let them get the best of her. Instead, she has always found a way to overcome them and to come out even stronger on the other side.
Overall, my grandmother is a truly remarkable person who embodies the qualities of strength, kindness, and resilience. She is someone who I look up to and aspire to be like, and I feel honored to have her as a role model in my life.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参加学校正在组织的英语作文比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜欢：love →have a passion for
陪伴某人：accompany sb.→ keep sb. company
遇到：come across →meet with
克服：overcome →get over
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：He achieved a lot in his work, respected by his students.
拓展句：He achieved a lot in his work, who is respected by his students.
【点睛】【高分句型1】My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】When I come across the problems of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和and连接的并列句）
广东省广州市执信中学2022-2023学年度第二学期
高一年级英语科5月月考试卷
本试卷分选择题和非选择题部分，共12页，满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1、答卷前考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案;不能答在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题纸上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。
第一部分选择题(共85分)
一、听力(共2节，满分15分)
第一节 听力理解(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
请听下面4段材料，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1至2题。
1.Whom is the party for?
A. Lisa. B. Jane. C. Ted.
2. What does the woman think of the man’s plan?
A. Boring. B. Interesting. C. Simple.
听第2段材料，回答第3至4题。
3. What kind of people are Prince William and his new wife looking for?
A Some designers for their new apartment.
B. Some secretaries from famous universities.
C. Some servants to help them with daily life.
4. How many princes are there in Britain now?
A. Three. B. Two. C. One.
听第3段材料，回答第5至7题。
5. What do you think Jim is?
A. A journalist. B. A basketball player. C. A coach.
6. What do they often do after breakfast?
A. Practice basketball. B. Have some lessons. C. Receive interviews.
7. What subject does Jim NOT mention?
A. History. B. English. C. Geography.
听第4段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s wrong with the woman’s mother?
A. She has been sick.
B. She misses her family and friends.
C. She can’t earn enough to support her family.
9. Where does the woman speaker live?
A. In America. B. In India. C. In Britain.
10. What does the woman speaker plan to do next year?
A. Study a new language.
B. Travel to India.
C. Visit her father’s native country.
第二节 获取信息(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面一段独白。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，每空不超过三个词。录音播放两遍。(请将本节答案写在答卷11-15的空格中)
Suggestions on Overweight Children
Introduction
● Professior Sinclair is invited to give her suggestions on weight loss 11. ________ for overweight children.
Current situation
● 12. ________ make fatty meals even more popular by including toys.
Suggestions
● Eating healthy foods;
● Doing exercise;
1) Going for 13. ________ , taking a walk around the neighborhood or running around the playground;
2) Making things fun to get a child’s 14. ________ and peak his or her interest.
● 15. ________ a healthy lifestyle.
二、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
1. What you do not want ________ to yourself, do not do to others.
A. doing B. done C. being done D. having done
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：己所不欲，勿施于人。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，即want sth. done to sth.意为“使某事发生在某人身上”，what 和 do 之间构成一种被动的逻辑关系，所以此处应为过去分词形式。故选B项。
2. This is one of the most popular plays ________ put on last year.
A. which were B. that was C. which was D. that were
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是去年最受欢迎的戏剧之一。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少句子主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词plays指物，且被最高级修饰，所以关系代词只能使用that，先行词为名词复数，所以为与动词也是复数形式。故选D项。
3. ________ for the front door ________ , he had to enter the room through the back door.
A. Seen; painted B. Seeing; being painted
C. Being seen; being painted D. Seeing; painted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到正在粉刷的前门，他不得不从后门进入房间。第一空是非谓语动词作状语，动词see和逻辑主语he是主动关系，应用现在分词形式；第二空是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰the front door，动词paint和the front door是被动关系，且此处表示“正在被粉刷”，应用现在分词是被动语态，故选B。
4. _____ of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend ____ her.
A. Warning, following B. Having warned, following
C. Having been warned, following D. Warned, followed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被告知晚上在街道危险，她才不得不回家，同时一个朋友跟着她。第一空考查非谓语动词．因先受到别人警告，才让朋友跟着她一起回家。 受警告动作先于谓语动词的动作，且表被动，故用“现在分词完成被动”形式。A、B两项第一空没用被动，故排除；D项第一空用“warned”不能把动作先后顺序表达出来，且第二空若用“followed”后应有“by”，而此题没有，故用with+宾语+现在分词（表主动）结构。故选C。
5. When caught _____ in the exam, he begged for the teacher’s pardon and tried ______ punishment.
A. cheating; escaping B. to be cheating; to escape
C. cheating; to escape D. to be cheating; escaping
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在考试作弊被抓着时候，他乞求老师原谅并试图逃脱惩罚。根据句意可知，抓住的时候正在作弊，现在分词表进行，因此，第一空用cheating形式，try to do sth试图做某事，这是个固定用法。故选C。
6. Having ________ Shanghai, the band ________ their second album.
A. settled in; brought out B. settled down; brought on
C. settled upon; brought up D. settled for; brought in
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在上海定居后，乐队出版了他们的第二张专辑。A. settled in定居；brought out出版；B. settled down安定下来；brought on呈现；C. settled upon已确定；brought up培养；D. settled for将就；brought in带来。空格1和Having构成现在分词的完成式，根据句意“定居”应用动词短语settle in，故填过去分词形式settled in；空格2作谓语，结合句意“出版”是动词短语bring out，应用一般过去时，故填brought out。故选A项。
7. Though people present advised that the injured man ________ to the hospital at once, he insisted that he ________ quite well.
A. would be sent; felt B. was sent; feel
C. be sent; should feel D. be sent; was feeling
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句的虚拟语气、宾语从句的时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管在场的人建议立即将受伤男子送往医院，但他坚持认为自己感觉很好。在动词advise后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可省略，且主语the injured man和send之间为被动关系，故用be sent；当insist意为“坚持认为”时，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，根据主句时态可知，宾语从句应用过去进行时，且主语为单数形式，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故用was feeling。故选D项。
8. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, ________ effects people are still suffering.
A. which B. by which C. from whose D. from which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和固定搭配。句意：上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受洪水袭击，人们仍在遭受洪水的影响。分析句子结构，逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为指物的floods，且和effects之间是所属关系，表示“洪水的影响”，所以应用关系代词whose。suffer from意为“遭受”，为固定搭配。由此可知，这里应用from whose引导从句。故选C。
9. Recently, the majority of cities ________ severely polluted and a series of events ________.
A. have been; has taken place B. are; have taken place
C. is; have been taken place D. has been; has been taken place
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：最近，大部分城市污染严重，并发生了一系列事件。句子的时间状语为Recently，时态宜用现在完成时；第一空的主语the majority of cities是“the majority of+复数名词”结构，是复数意义，且和pollute为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，复数形式；第二空的主语a series of events是“a series of+名词”结构，侧重“同一类的”事物，谓语动词用单数形式。故选A。
10. It was announced that only when the fire was under control __________to return to their homes.
A. the residents would be permitted
B. had the residents been permitted
C. would the residents be permitted
D. the residents had been permitted
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】考查时态和倒装。句意：通报说，只有火势得到控制了居民们才被允许回家。这里It是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句；that引导的主语从句中，＂only+状语从句＂位于句首，要采用部分倒装，且此处表示过去将来发生的事情，要用过去将来时，故选C。
【详解】
三、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
ISC’s sport camps are the only residential camps in Spain that focus on sport-specific development with 3 hours of training every afternoon, watersports activities every morning at the Mediterranean sea and leisure activities during the evenings. With coaching from professional staff, you are sure to leave the camp with an experience you’ll never forget.
We offer port camps for school trips throughout the year. During the months of July and August, our sport summer camps are aimed towards young students of 13 to 18 years of age. During the rest of the year, our camps are aimed at sport schools in order to develop and nurture (培养) young talents.
Where does it take place?
This summer camp package takes place in Alicante, Spain. With an average of 300 sunny days a year, and an average temperature of 18 degrees, this coastal city is one of the most desired Mediterranean tourist destinations. During the leisure time, campers will be able to join in activities such as visiting the castle of Alicante, visiting the MARQ museum, walking around the fishing town of Campello and etc.
Accommodation
All of our students will be staying at ISC Campus next to the University of Alicante. The campus’ facilities and rooms provide all the homely comforts eager campers will need. Here at ISC Spain we take care of all the little details, so that each and every one of our students can feel at home.
11 What do ISC sport camps offer?
A. Watersports in the evening. B. Admission to sport schools.
C. Leisure activities every morning. D. Guidance from professionals.
12. What do we know about Alicante?
A. It is a castle near Campello. B. It is a popular tourist destination.
C. It is a coastal city with a hot climate. D. It is best-known for summer sport camps.
13. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To promote a summer camp package of ISC.
B. To recommend an ideal place for sport camps.
C. To describe the activities in ISC’s sport camps.
D. To introduce the requirement of a summer camp package.
【答案】11. D 12. B 13. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了ISC体育夏令营，具体给出了夏令营的活动内容、面向对象、举行的地点和住宿等相关信息。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“With coaching from professional staff, you are sure to leave the camp with an experience you’ll never forget.(在专业人员的指导下，你一定会带着一段难忘的经历离开营地)”可知，ISC体育夏令营会提供专业人士的指导。故选D。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“This summer camp package takes place in Alicante, Spain. With an average of 300 sunny days a year, and an average temperature of 18 degrees, this coastal city is one of the most desired Mediterranean tourist destinations.(这个夏令营套餐在西班牙的阿利坎特进行。每年平均有300个晴天，平均气温为18摄氏度，这个沿海城市是最令人向往的地中海旅游目的地之一)”可知，阿利坎特气候宜人，是一个旅游胜地。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章以第一人称介绍了ISC体育夏令营，具体给出了夏令营的活动内容、面向对象、举行的地点和住宿等相关信息，全文在突出参与夏令营的收获、好处。由此推知，文章是为了推广ISC夏令营，吸引更多的人参与其中。故选A。
B
About a decade ago, Lawson was at a beach in Virginia watching his kids build castles right next to the waves.
“I kept trying to get them to come back because I thought it was a terrible idea,” he remarked. He wanted them to build their sandcastles closer to the dunes (沙丘). But they found it more exciting to build right where the waves hit, seeing their sandcastles get destroyed, and then rebuilding them with whatever debris (残骸) washed up from the ocean. “It seemed so symbolic, somehow, of how life works more than just building your perfect sandcastles,” said Lawson. When he decided to turn that sunny day into a children’s book, the idea came to just use pictures. “It seemed like it would work beautifully without words,” he said.
A Day for Sandcastles is illustrated (加插图) by Qin Leng. It’s the second wordless picture book for Lawson and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shop. Leng’s illustrations stay pretty true to real life. The siblings spend the day building sandcastles and watching them get destroyed by a flying hat. “To me it’s a celebration of childhood and the simple joys of life. These are the things I like to capture (捕捉),” said Leng.
Leng spent part of her childhood in France, and she was inspired by European comic books. “What I love to do when I illustrate a picture book is add side stories to the main storyline. I always think about the readers and the longevity (持久) of the book, and I want them to be able to discover something new every time they revisit the book,” Leng explained.
At the end of the day, the sleepy-eyed kids pile into the bus that will take them home. “Those last pages are some of my favorite. They capture that feeling like at the end of the day on the beach, when it’s getting dark and you feel completely exhausted,” Lawson said. It must be a universal childhood feeling: happy with sand, sticky from the salt, hot from the sun, and ready to fall asleep the moment you get into the car.
14. Why does Lawson mention the scene where the kids built sandcastles?
A. To suggest a way to relax.
B. To explain how life works.
C. To show the inspiration for his book.
D. To remind readers of their childhood.
15. What can be learned about the two books mentioned?
A. Their readers are limited to young kids.
B. Readers can only find pictures in them.
C. The stories in them are works of fantasy.
D. They carry no features of comic books.
16. How does Lawson feel when talking about the last pages in Paragraph 5?
A. Surprised. B. Tired. C. Worried. D. Pleased.
17. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Two Popular Picture Books B. The Simple Joys of Life
C. Childhood in Sandcastles D. An Experience at the Beach
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. D 17. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了无字绘本A Day for Sandcastles的创作背景、作者对该绘本的诠释。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When he decided to turn that sunny day into a children’s book, the idea came to just use pictures.(当他决定把那个阳光明媚的一天变成一本儿童读物时，他想到了只用图片。)”可知，孩子们建造沙滩城堡的场景让Lawson想把它变成一本只有图片的书，由此可推测出，这给他提供了创作的灵感。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A Day for Sandcastles is illustrated (加插图) by Qin Leng. It’s the second wordless picture book for Lawson and Leng since 2021’s Over the Shop.(A Day for Sandcastles由Qin Leng绘制。这是自2021年的Over the Shop以来，Lawson和Qin Leng的第二本无字绘本。)”可知，这两本书中都没有文字，只有图画。故选B。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中Lawson说的话“Those last pages are some of my favorite. They capture that feeling like at the end of the day on the beach, when it’s getting dark and you feel completely exhausted(最后这几页是我最喜欢的。它们捕捉到了一天结束时在海滩上的感觉，天快黑了，你感到筋疲力尽)”可知，这最后几页捕捉到了在海滩上尽兴玩耍一天后的感觉，是作者最喜欢的部分，由此可推知，Lawson对这最后几页很满意。故选D。
【17题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了无字绘本A Day for Sandcastles的创作背景、作者对该绘本的诠释。第一、二段描述了A Day for Sandcastles的创作背景，结合第一段中的“Lawson was at a beach in Virginia watching his kids build castles right next to the waves(Lawson在弗吉尼亚州的海滩上看着他的孩子们在海浪旁建造城堡)”可知，孩子们在海滩上建造城堡给了Lawson创作灵感。根据第三段中的“‘To me it’s a celebration of childhood and the simple joys of life. These are the things I like to capture (捕捉),’ said Leng.(‘对我来说，这是对童年和简单生活乐趣的庆祝。这些都是我喜欢捕捉的东西,’Qin Leng说。)”可知，这本书主要描绘了童年的美好时光。由此可推知，本文主要介绍了A Day for Sandcastles这本书，描绘了在海滩建城堡的美好童年时光，所以C项“沙滩城堡里的童年”最能照应本文主题，符合题意。故选C。
C
Humans have always assumed that there is a huge gulf between animal behavior and human development. However, recent research into animals shows that animals are continuously designing innovative methods to finish their tasks. Examining the nature and results of their creativity can help us understand evolution.
Research shows that animals too can be creative. By inventing new behavioral patterns and adapting their behavior to new contexts, as well as to changes in social and ecological environments, researchers show that animal innovation too can be diverse. For instance, chimpanzees (猩猩) use tools such as sharp spines and stalks to remove the hearts of palm vegetables from trees. Herring gulls (鲜鱼海码) found out quite a cruel way of killing rabbits - drowning them in the sea.
Innovative species tend to survive when they enter new places, but behavior cannot be recognized unless “normal” behavior is studied. Researchers can now count and document the innovations that have been created by species, which would help them to quantify their creativity. Studies also show us that all animals are not equally inventive, with primates (灵长目动物) tending to be more innovative due to their bigger brains.
The greatest scientific significance has been the innovation shown by animals such as apes, capuchins and macaques among primates. These species of primates possess the biggest brains in proportion to their body sizes. They are also heavy tool users. Their broad diets and complex forms of learning are also insightful. They indicate an evolutionary strategy that gave them new solutions to life’s challenges.
However, even if these animals show innovativeness, they do not have the ability to improve upon solutions of others. Unless they share information accurately and copy each other’s inventions, their creative inventions are likely to disappear before they can be innovated further. This ability can be managed only by humans, for we are able to build on shared knowledge.
18. What does the underlined word “gulf” in the first paragraph mean?
A. Connections. B. Conflict. C. Balance. D. Difference.
19. Why does the author mention “chimpanzees” and “Herring gulls” in Paragraph 2?
A. They are both creative.
B They are both heavy tool users.
C. They create innovations in different ways.
D. They kill other animals in the same cruel way.
20. What can we learn about animal creativity?
A. It is equally distributed among animals.
B. It helps animals adapt to the environment.
C. Animals’ innovations are easy to be recognized.
D. Animals’ innovations are facing huge challenges.
21. What aspect of animals does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Their ability to share information accurately.
B. Their willingness to learn from each other.
C. Their inability to take creativity forward.
D. Their unwillingness to cooperate effectively.
【答案】18. D 19. C 20. B 21. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究发现动物不断地设计创新的方法来完成它们的任务，提高了它们适应环境的能力，也帮助我们理解进化。
【18题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“However, recent research into animals shows that animals are continuously designing innovative methods to finish their tasks.(然而，最近对动物的研究表明，动物不断地设计创新的方法来完成它们的任务。)”可知，动物在不断创新来完成它们的任务，这一行为与人类是相同的，副词however表示前后意思相反，由此可知，划线单词所在的句子认为动物的行为与人类的行为之间有所不同，所以划线词gulf的意思应该与“不同”意思相近。故选D项。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Research shows that animals too can be creative. By inventing new behavioral patterns and adapting their behavior to new contexts, as well as to changes in social and ecological environments, researchers show that animal innovation too can be diverse. (研究表明，动物也有创造力。通过发明新的行为模式并使其行为适应新的环境，以及社会和生态环境的变化，研究人员表明动物的创新也可以是多样化的。)”可知，研究表明，动物也有创造力，而且它们的创新也可以是多样化的，下文中为了说明这一研究发现而列举猩猩和银鸥，由此可知，列举猩猩与银鸥的目的是为了证明动物在以不同的方式创新。故选C项。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Their broad diets and complex forms of learning are also insightful. They indicate an evolutionary strategy that gave them new solutions to life’s challenges.(他们广泛的饮食和复杂的学习方式也很有见地。它们表明了一种进化策略，为它们提供了应对生活挑战的新方法。)”可知，动物的创造力表明了一种进化策略，为它们应对挑战提供了新方法，由此可知，动物的创造力帮助动物适应环境。故选B项。
【21题详解】
主旨大意题。根据尾段“However, even if these animals show innovativeness, they do not have the ability to improve upon solutions of others. Unless they share information accurately and copy each other’s inventions, their creative inventions are likely to disappear before they can be innovated further.”(然而，即使这些动物表现出创新能力，它们也没有能力改进其他动物的解决方案。除非它们准确地分享信息并复制彼此的发明，否则它们的创造性发明很可能在进一步创新之前就消失了。)”可知，动物不能准确地分享彼此的发明，所以没有能力改进其它动物的解决方案，创造性发明再进一步创新前就已经消失，由此可知，最后一段主要讲的是动物不能进一步改进它们的创造力。故选C项。
D
With the development of artificial intelligence, writers are increasingly wrestling with a hard truth: It appears robots are coming for their jobs. Little more than a plaything of researchers a decade ago, AI and automated (自动化的) robots are regularly producing countless articles on a daily basis.
Observes Mayur Bhatt, marketing head, SEO Services Guru: “It is only a matter of time before algorithms (算法) are able to write articles on any topic and for any target group.” Adds noted author Stephen Marche: “Whatever field you are in, if it uses language, it is about to be transformed.” People of writing driven by AI insist the robots are simply here ‘to serve humanity’. Robots will do the hard labor work, they say. Writers will be freed-up to engage in more interesting, more in-depth and more creative work.
But for the many writers and editors who have already lost their jobs to AI, that pleasant future is a tough sell. Consider Radar, a hyper-local news service that has been generating (生成) AI-written articles in the UK since 2017. Instead of using reporters to cover news beats, Radar relies on robots. Those machines mine government databases on crime, health, environment and similar-and then auto-write stories from that data with an extremely local hook. For example: Radar’s AI software can ingest a new government report on crime across the UK, and then auto-generate hundreds of customized (订制的) stories from the study, based on localized data. Each story is hyper-localized to a town or even a smaller community by including data from the government report. The resulting micro-focused stories are sold to news companies throughout Britain-as well as to any other news companies that might be interested. Gary Rogers, editor-in-chief, Radar: “There is open data across all the main beats of news-health, crime, transport, etc. -filled with stories waiting to be told.”
So far, many writers are aware of the adoption of AI-generated writing via a few, well-publicized stories about the tech’s use at major news organizations like Bloomberg, the BBC and The New York Times. But it turns out those above represent only smattering of what’s really going on. A 2021 study found that 15% of news stories are now automatically generated at leading news companies using AI. Moreover, the adoption of AI-generated writing has gone far beyond news-reporting, cropping-up across a wide range of writing jobs.
To date, human beings still best their robot competitors in writing of the highest quality. Even so, the hard fact remains that AI will be producing an increasing number of automated writing in coming years that competes in a world often entrapped in the icy hold of ‘good enough’.
22. What can be infered from the paragraph 2?
A. Algorithms can write articles quickly. B. Writing is more than a pay thing.
C. Writing is hard but interesting. D. AI writing has great potential.
23. How does Radar produce AI-written articles?
A. By including official data. B. By quoting local stories.
C. By selling customized stories. D. By reporting main news beats.
24. What does the underlined word “smattering” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. An unfair fact. B. A small part.
C. An original idea. D. A basic research.
25. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How AI makes writing jobs automated.
B. How AI serves human reporters in writing.
C. How AI is widely accepted in writing.
D. How AI beats human beings in writing.
【答案】22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今人工智能是怎样做到在自动写作方面有突出表现的，同时点明面对这一情况，该领域的就业及人类的工作前景仍然很严峻。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It is only a matter of time before algorithms (算法) are able to write articles on any topic and for any target group.(算法可以为任何主题和任何目标群体撰写文章这件事只是时间问题)”可知，由第二段我们可以推断出一件事：人工智能写作是有巨大潜力的。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Those machines mine government databases on crime, health, environment and similar-and then auto-write stories from that data with an extremely local hook.(这些机器挖掘政府在犯罪、健康、环境和一些类似的方面的数据库，然后极端地用本地钩子从这些数据中自动编写故事)”可知，雷达公司是通过纳入官方数据在内的内容来生产人工智能编写的文章的。故选A项。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“So far, many writers are aware of the adoption of AI-generated writing via a few, well-publicized stories about the tech’s use at major news organizations like Bloomberg, the BBC and The New York Times.(迄今为止，有很多作家通过像彭博社、英国广播公司和纽约时报的机构，知道了一些被广为流传的有关人工智能技术使用的故事，意识到了人工智能写作是被采用的)”可知，虽然人们通过一些渠道了解到了一些人工智能在写作方面的运用，但这只是冰山一角，因为人工智能在写作领域的运用远比人们想的要广泛。故划线词的意思应是“一小部分”。故选B项。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Among the excitement of all things artificial intelligence, writers are increasingly wrestling with a hard truth: It appears robots are coming for their jobs. Little more than a plaything of researchers a decade ago, AI and automated robots are regularly producing countless articles on a daily basis.(在所有人工智能令人兴奋的事情中，作家们越来越多地在与一个残酷的事实作斗争:机器人似乎正在取代他们的工作。十年前，人工智能和自动化机器人还只是研究人员的玩物，如今每天都能写出无数篇文章)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了人工智能和写作之间的关系，具体来说是人工智能如何自动生成文章，也就人工智能如何使写作工作自动化展开的。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读补全，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。
If you could have any job in the world, what would it be? Children have been asked this question for generations, but it seems their answer are changing. ____26____
Twenty-five years ago, the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher, followed by working in banking and finance, and then medicine. Today’s younger generation most commonly say they want to be a sport star, a pop star or an actor. ____27____ Others feel that this trend will ultimately lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals.
According to a survey, children desire these jobs largely because of the wealth associated with them. ____28____ If people link happiness to wealth and status, they are more likely to work hard to achieve them. But the satisfaction is short-lived. This then creates a pressure for the person to keep pushing to achieve more targets, which places the individual under greater stress.
____29____ Many careers in the spotlight are short-lived. For example, many athletes’ physical peak only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career.
Despite the drawbacks of being rich and famous, there is greater ambition than ever among young people to attain that status. ____30____ People unrealistically believe that a celebrity (名人) lifestyle is easily attainable. Unfortunately, it takes talent, skill, and hard work to be good at a sport or at singing. As a result, many won’t fulfill their childhood dreams, and this could have a negative effect on their happiness.
A. As a result , they have a feeling of worthlessness.
B. This has been caused by today’s celebrity culture.
C. Many agree that people should set the goals at an early age.
D. However, such ambitions may put pressure on the individual.
E. A recently study has highlighted a dramatic shift in children’s ambitions.
F. Some people would argue that there is nothing wrong with such ambitions.
G. Moreover, fame and fortune do not always have a positive impact on an individual’s life.
【答案】26. E 27. F 28. D 29. G 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。“孩子们长大后想做什么工作”的答案随着时代发展而变化，当今的多数孩子想成为体育明星，流行明星或演员，文章探究了这一现象的原因，及其对孩子们未来幸福指数的影响。
【26题详解】
根据上文“If you could have any job in the world, what would it be? Children have been asked this question for generations, but it seems their answer are changing.(如果你能在世界上找到一份工作，你会选择什么？孩子们已经被问了几代人这个问题，但似乎他们的答案正在改变)”可知，上文提到关于找到工作的问题答案正在改变，结合后文主要说明了孩子抱负的变化，故E选项“最近的一项研究强调了孩子们抱负的巨大变化”符合语境，故选E。
【27题详解】
根据上文“Twenty-five years ago, the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher, followed by working in banking and finance, and then medicine. Today’s younger generation most commonly say they want to be a sport star, a pop star or an actor.(25年前，美国孩子最普遍的志向是成为一名教师，其次是在银行和金融业工作，然后是医学。今天的年轻一代最普遍的说法是他们想成为体育明星、流行歌手或演员)”以及后文“Others feel that this trend will ultimately lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals.(另一些人则认为这种趋势最终会导致人们的不满，因为越来越多的人无法达到他们的目标)”可知，本句是在说明一些人对此的看法，F选项中some与后文others，可构成some…others…。故F选项“有些人会说这样的野心没有错”符合语境，故选F。
【28题详解】
根据上文“According to the survey, children desire these jobs largely because of the wealth associated with them. (调查显示，孩子们渴望这些工作，很大程度上是因为与之相关的财富)”以及下文“If people link happiness to wealth and status, they are more likely to work hard to achieve them.(如果人们把幸福与财富和地位联系起来，他们就更有可能努力工作来实现它们)”可知，本句与上文为转折关系，与下文为解释关系。故D项“However, such ambitions may put pressure on the individual.(然而，这样的野心可能会给个人带来压力)”语意连贯顺畅，故选D。
【29题详解】
根据后文“Many careers in the spotlight are short-lived. For example, many athletes’ physical peak only lasts a few years and singers can have a very limited career.(许多在聚光灯下的职业生涯都是短暂的。例如，许多运动员的身体高峰只能持续几年，歌手的职业生涯也很有限)”可知，后文主要列举了短暂的职业生涯，说明这些职业带来的名誉和财富也存在负面影响，故G选项“此外，名誉和财富并不总是对个人的生活产生积极的影响。”符合语境，故选G。
【30题详解】
根据上文“Despite the drawbacks of being rich and famous, there is greater ambition than ever among young people to attain that status. (尽管想变富有和出名的种种缺点，年轻人比以往任何时候都更有雄心去获得这种地位)”结合下文“People unrealistically believed that a celebrity lifestyle is easily attainable. (人们不切实际地认为名人的生活方式很容易实现)”可知，B项“This has been brought about by today’s celebrity culture.(这是由当今的名人文化带来的)”中的this指代上文的“being rich and famous”，“to attain that status”，想要名利双收的抱负，B项与上文为因果关系，下文则解释了B项这个现象的原因。语意连贯顺畅，故选B项。
四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。
How can you tell if someone’s lying? The answer is, they’re probably not．
Traditional economics says that people make reasonable choices and will lie if it’s to their ____31____. A recent university study has shown that, actually, we’re pretty ____32____— especially when we’re at home.
Researchers in Germany ____33____ people at home and asked them to toss (投掷) a coin. There was a strong ____34____ incentive (刺激) to lie about the result: if the coin landed tails-up, the participants would receive money, while if the coin landed heads-up, they would get nothing. Because they were on the phone, they knew there was no____35____ of getting caught if they lied．
And yet people told the____36____. Over hundreds of tosses, a coin will land tails-up about 50% of the time. In this ____37____ over half the people asked (55.6%) said that the coin landed heads-up, which meant they would receive nothing．
Previous studies had found that people were more ____38____. In those laboratory studies, 75% of people reported a ____39____ coin and asked for a reward. So the research team thinks it’s being in our own homes which makes us play fair, although it’s not yet clear why．
In fact both types of study show people are surprisingly _____40_____. Even in the laboratory, 25% of people _____41_____ down a reward by telling the truth. The researchers say this is because honesty is _____42_____ valued in human society. We care about our _____43_____ and our sense of ourselves as decent (体面的) people. So lying has a psychological _____44_____ and it seems this cost is more important than the financial benefits of _____45_____.
31. A. surprise B. relief C. amusement D. advantage
32. A. honest B. strict C. calm D. afraid
33. A. visited B. saw C. phoned D. caught
34. A. mental B. financial C. technical D. educational
35. A. idea B. need C. evidence D. risk
36. A. difference B. truth C. story D. secret
37. A. case B. interview C. speech D. study
38. A. faithful B. grateful C. disappointed D. dishonest
39. A. missing B. losing C. winning D. shining
40. A. reliable B. greedy C. brave D. wealthy
41. A. received B. refused C. won D. required
42. A. highly B. normally C. formally D. poorly
43. A. money B. family C. jobs D. reputation
44. A. reason B. effect C. cost D. function
45. A. studying B. lying C. phoning D. reporting
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. D 39. C 40. A 41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们通常会在什么样的环境下撒谎，以及诚实这一优秀品质在我们生活中的重要作用。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：传统经济学认为，人们会做出合理的选择，如果这对他们有利，他们就会撒谎。A. surprise惊讶；B. relief宽慰；C. amusement娱乐；D. advantage有利条件。根据前文“people make reasonable choices”可知，人们会做出合理的选择，说明只要是对他们有利，他们也可以撒谎。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近的一项大学研究表明，事实上，我们非常诚实——尤其是当我们在家的时候。A. honest诚实的；B. strict严格的；C. calm平静的；D. afraid害怕的。根据后文“So the research team thinks it’s being in our own homes which makes us play fair”可知，研究者发现人们在家的时候会更加公平，推断出人们在即是诚实的。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：德国的研究人员给家里的人打电话，让他们扔硬币。A. visited拜访；B. saw看见；C. phoned打电话；D. caught抓住。根据后文“Because they were on the phone”可知，人们是通过电话交流的，推断出德国的研究人员是给家里的人打电话。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有强烈的经济动机在结果上撒谎：如果硬币朝上落下，参与者将获得金钱，而如果硬币朝下落下，他们将一无所获。A. mental精神的；B. financial经济的；C. technical技术的；D. educational教育的。根据后文“if the coin landed tails-up, the participants would receive money”可知，如果硬币朝上落下，参与者将收到钱，说明这格实验是有强烈的经济动机的。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为他们在打电话，他们知道如果他们撒谎就没有被抓住的风险。A. idea想法；B. need需要；C. evidence证据；D. risk风险。根据前文“Because they were on the phone”可知，实验是在电话里进行的，所以推断出撒谎是没有风险的。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而人们说的是事实。A. difference不同；B. truth事实；C. story故事；D. secret秘密。根据后文“over half the people asked (55.6%) said that the coin landed heads-up, which meant they would receive nothing.”可知，超过一半的受访者（55.6%）表示，硬币正面朝上，这意味着他们将一无所获，说明人们即使知道自己拿不到钱也没有撒谎，说明人们说的是事实。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这项研究中，超过一半的受访者（55.6%）表示，硬币正面朝上，这意味着他们将一无所获。A. case事例；B. interview采访；C. speech演讲；D. study研究。根据前文“A recent university study”可知，这是一项新的研究，D项study为原词复现。故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：先前的研究发现人们更不诚实。A. faithful忠诚的；B. grateful感激的；C. disappointed失望的；D. dishonest不诚实的。根据后文“In those laboratory studies, 75% of people reported a ____9____ coin and asked for a reward.”可知，之前作的实验中有 75%的人报告了一枚中奖硬币并要求奖励，这个数值偏高，推断出在之前的实验中有人不诚实。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这些实验室研究中，75%的人报告了一枚中奖硬币并要求奖励。A. missing失踪的；B. losing失败的；C. winning胜利的；D. shining闪耀的。根据后文“asked for a reward”可知，人们要求奖励，说明他们报告的是胜利的硬币的一面。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这两种类型的研究都表明，人们的可靠性令人惊讶。A. reliable可靠的；B. greedy贪婪的；C. brave勇敢的；D. wealthy富有的。根据后文“Even in the laboratory, 25% of people ____11____ down a reward by telling the truth.”可知，即使在实验室里，也有25%的人因为说实话而拒绝了奖励，说明之前的两个实验中人们是可靠的。故选A项。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在实验室里，也有25%的人因为说实话而拒绝了奖励。A. received收到；B. refused拒绝；C. won赢得；D. required要求。根据前文“In those laboratory studies, 75% of people reported a ____9____ coin and asked for a reward.”可知，有75%的人报告了一枚中奖硬币并要求奖励，说明有25%的人因为说实话而拒绝了奖励。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：研究人员表示，这是因为诚实在人类社会中受到高度重视。A. highly高度地；B. normally正常地；C. formally正式地；D. poorly穷困地。根据后文“We care about our ____13____ and our sense of ourselves as decent (体面的) people.”可知，我们关心我们的声誉和我们作为正派人的感觉，说明实在人类社会中受到高度重视。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们关心我们的声誉和我们作为正派人的感觉。A. money钱；B. family家庭；C. jobs工作；D. reputation名誉。根据后文“our sense of ourselves as decent (体面的) people”可知，人们希望有体面的名声，说明人们在乎自己的声誉。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以撒谎是有心理代价的，这种代价似乎比撒谎的经济利益更重要。A. reason理由；B. effect效果；C. cost代价；D. function功能。根据后文“it seems this cost is more important than the financial benefits”可知，撒谎的代价似乎比撒谎的经济利益更重要，C项cost为原词复现。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以撒谎是有心理代价的，这种代价似乎比撒谎的经济利益更重要。A. studying学习；B. lying撒谎；C. phoning打电话；D. reporting报道。根据前文“So lying has a psychological ____14____ and it seems this cost is more important than the financial benefits of ____15____.”可知，此处对撒谎的心理代价和经济利益进行了对比，B项lying为原词复现。故选B项。
第二部分非选择题(共60分+5分)
五、单词拼写(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
请用M3U2-M3U4Reading 所学单词填空(按中文释义、英文释义+首字母或同根词写出单词的形式)。
61-64题：请根据括号内的英文解释和首字母填入单词的正确形式，填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。
46. When Eric came into the classroom, he could hear some of the students w________ (to say something very quickly) with their deskmates. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】whispering##hispering
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当埃里克走进教室时，他能听到一些学生和同桌在窃窃私语。根据首字母以及英文提示可知为动词whisper，且此处为hear+宾语+宾补结构，whisper与students构成主动关系，且表动作正在进行，故用现在分词作宾补。故填whispering。
47. My sister and I have d________ (very different from each other ) ideas on how to raise children.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】diverse##iverse
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我姐姐和我对如何抚养孩子有不同的想法。根据空格后的名词可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，根据首字母和句意“不同的”是diverse。故填diverse。
48. It o________ ( to suddenly think of or realize something) to me that I had left my wallet in the office. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】occurred##ccurred
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：我突然想到我把钱包落在办公室里了。根据空处所处位置和空后的介词to，这里应用不及物动词，作主句的谓语。结合括号后中的提示和首字母提示，这里表示突然想到，应用动词occur。根据句中的“had left”，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填occurred。
49. As a teenager, you should surf the Internet to know some c________(happening or existing now) affairs about the world in order to broaden your horizons. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】current##urrent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一个青少年，你应该上网了解一些关于世界的时事，以开阔你的视野。根据首字母和英文释义可知，空处需用形容词current“当前的”作affairs的定语，current affairs意为“时事”。故填current。
65-70题：根据括号内的单词填入单词的正确形式。
50. She will continue in her present job until a ________ (replace) can be found. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】replacement
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在找到接替者之前，她将继续担任目前的工作。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作主语，replace的名词为replacement意为“接替者”，且空前有不定冠词a，所以使用名词单数。故填replacement。
51. ________ (fortune), UNICEF with the support from the European Union is making a difference to the lives of many families. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Fortunately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，儿童基金会在欧洲联盟的支持下正在改变许多家庭的生活。空格处修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词形式。结合句意，故填Fortunately。
52. The woman at the ticket window told me that the ________ (admit) fee was 180 yuan. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】admission
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：售票窗口的那位女士告诉我入场费是180元。根据空后的fee可知，这里应用名词admission作定语，admission fee“入场费”。故填admission。
53. The country gained its ________ (independent) from Spain in 1664 after more than 100 years’ struggle. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】independence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：经过100多年的斗争，这个国家于1664年从西班牙独立出来。作动词的宾语，应用名词independence，为不可数名词。故填independence。
54. With the dispute ________ (settle), the two countries strengthened their relations. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】settled
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：争端解决后，两国加强了关系。settle(解决)在句中作with复合结构中宾语the dispute的补足语，与其逻辑主语the dispute之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填settled。
55. In the past ten years, so many people ________ (seek) their fortune in the capital city of the country. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】have sought
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，许多人在这个国家的首都寻找他们的财富。根据上文In the past ten years可知用现在完成时，主语为so many people，助动词用have。故填have sought。
71-75题：根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。
56. Doctor Lin believed that to a person, nothing is more ________ (珍贵的) than their life.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】precious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：林医生认为，对一个人来说，没有什么比生命更珍贵了。根据空格后的名词可知，空格处应填形容词作表语，结合汉语提示“珍贵的”是precious。故填precious。
57. Men are anxious to improve their living conditions, but they are unwilling to improve themselves. They ________ (因此) remain stuck in their position. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】therefore
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：人们渴望改善自己的生活条件，但他们不愿意提升自己。因此，他们仍然被困在自己的地方。结合空处所在位置和汉语提示，这里应用副词therefore，意为“因此”，修饰整个句子。故填therefore。
58. I refuse to lie about it because it is against my ________ (道德原则). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】principles
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：关于此事我拒绝撒谎，因为这违背了我的道德原则。根据汉语提示可知，这里应用名词principle“道德原则”，可数名词，常用复数形式。故填principles。
59. Our plan should be ________ (灵活的) enough to meet the needs of everyone. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】flexible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的计划应该足够灵活，以满足每个人的需求。根据空前的be和汉语提示，这里应用形容词flexible“灵活的”，作表语。故填flexible。
60. The ________ (宇航员) are conducting a series of experiments to learn more about how the body adapts to weightlessness. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】astronauts
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：宇航员正在进行一系列实验，以了解更多关于身体如何适应失重状态的知识。根据空前的The并结合汉语提示，这里应用名词astronaut“宇航员”，为可数名词。根据空后的谓语are conducting，这里表示复数概念，应用名词复数。故填astronauts。
六、短语填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
请用M3U2-M3U4所学短语的适当形式填空。
61. Because of problems ________ (导致) by the trade conflicts, foreign companies in China will face more difficulties. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】caused
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的过去分词形式。句意：由于贸易冲突带来的问题，外国公司在中国将面临更多的困难。cause意为“导致”符合题意。“Because of”为介词短语，其后不跟句子，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语problems和cause之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式，作定语。故填caused。
62. He said the environment in this area is healthy, with ________ (各种各样的) wildlife including eagles, Tibetan foxes and so on.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】all kinds of
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他说，这个地区的环境很健康，有各种各样的野生动物，包括鹰、藏狐等。根据汉语提示，表示“种类“应为kind，表示“各种各样的”应为all kinds of修饰名词wildlife。故填all kinds of。
63. The physical training ________ (给我提供很好的机会) to work on my weakness before the competition starts. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】offers me a great opportunity
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：在比赛开始前，体能训练为我提供了一个改善我弱点的很好机会。根据句意，表示“给某人提供某物”应为offer sb. sth.，根据从句中的谓语动词starts可知，此处应为一般现在时态，且与句子主语构成主动关系，主语为第三人称单数，故使用offers sb. sth.；表示“很好的机会”为great opportunity且为可数名词单数，所以前面使用不定冠词，great的第一个音素为辅音，所以使用不定冠词a。故填offers me a great opportunity。
64. March 12 was set as Chinese Tree Planting Day ________ (作为对……的纪念) Sun Yat-sen, who was not only a pioneer of the Chinese revolution, but also the first to advocate a national tree-planting program. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】in memory of##in honour of##in honor of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：3月12日被定为中国植树日，以纪念孙中山，他不仅是中国革命的先驱，也是第一个倡导国家植树计划的人。“作为对……的纪念”应用介词短语in memory/honour/honor of，故填in memory/honour/honor of。
65. To better understand how Dr. Chen ________ (尝试做) preserve the spirit of Chinese painting in the past, I strongly recommend you to visit the National Art Museum of China. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】made an attempt to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：为了更好地了解陈博士过去是如何努力保存中国绘画精神的，我强烈建议你参观中国国家美术馆。“尝试做”为短语make an attempt to do，由in the past可知，从句描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，谓语动词make应用过去式，故填made an attempt to。
66. ________ (尽管有巨大的风险) posed by the pandemic, the doctors stuck to their posts and made outstanding contributions to the society. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】Despite the huge risks
【解析】
【详解】考查介词、形容词、冠词和名词。句意：尽管疫情带来了巨大的风险，但医生们仍坚守岗位，为社会做出了杰出贡献。despite意为“尽管”，其后可跟名词作宾语。huge意为“巨大的”修饰名词risk“风险”，结合空后的“posed by the pandemic”和常识可知，风险不止一项，应用复数形式，且这里特指疫情带来的风险，应加定冠词the。故填Despite the huge risks。
67. You may spend 20 years ________ (抱怨) working out, but it’s officially time to stop doing that. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】complaining about
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：你或许花20年时间抱怨健身，但是现在是时候正式停止这样做了。“抱怨”为动词短语complain about，spend time (in) doing sth.固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”。故填complaining about。
68. We not only ________ (谋生) but we also expanded the market for the villagers. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】earned a living
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：我们不仅谋生，还为村民扩大了市场。根据汉语提示“谋生”可知，这里应用固定短语earn a living，其中living为可数名词，作“生计”讲时常用单数。not only…but also…连接并列的谓语结构，所以前后形式应一致。根据but also后的expanded可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填earned a living。
69. China ________ (取得巨大的进步) into industry in the past decades. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】has made great progress in
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、动词短语。句意：在过去的几十年里，中国在工业方面取得了巨大的进步。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做谓语，主语为单数，根据时间状语“in the past decades(在过去的几十年里)”可知句子中表示的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响，使用现在完成时，表示“取得巨大进步”含义的短语为make great progress in，故填has made great progress in。
70. The woman’s water pot went crashing to the head. She picked herself up and ________ (噙着眼泪一瘸一拐地走了). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】limped away in tears
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：女人的水壶撞到了头上。她站起身来，流着泪一瘸一拐地走了。根据汉语提示可知应用短语limp away表达“一瘸一拐地离开”，结合上文picked可知为一般过去时；表示“含着泪”短语为 in tears，副词短语作状语。故填limped away in tears。
七、语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的正确形式填空(正确形式可使用两个词或以上)。
Once a poor traveller stopped under a tree. From his bag he took out a bowl of ____71____ (boil) rice and started to eat. Next to the tree was a small shop. In the shop there was a woman ____72____ (sell) fried fish to travellers able to pay for it. When the man finished eating and got up to leave, she shouted, “You have not paid ____73____(I) for your meal!”
“But I ordered nothing from you!” he said.
“Everyone can see that you ____74____ (enjoy) the smell of my fried fish with your rice just now,” argued the woman. “If you hadn’t smelt the fish, your meal would not have been so ____75____ (please)!”
Soon a crowd gathered. ____76____ they supported the traveller, they also agreed that the wind was blowing from the shop to the place ____77____ he had eaten, carrying the smell of the fried fish to him.
At last, the woman took him to a judge and after ____78____ (tell) the judge the story, she insisted that the man had enjoyed her fish smell and that he should pay 25 cents. After hearing the evidence, the judge asked the man to drop ____79____ 25-cent coin on the ground. “Here is your payment, the sound of 25 cents ____80____the smell of the fried fish.”
【答案】71. boiled
72. selling
73. me 74. enjoyed
75. pleasing##plansant
76. Though##Although
77. where 78. telling
79. a 80. for
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从前，一位贫穷的旅行者坐在一颗树下拿出自己的饭吃起来，在旅行者吃完饭后，对面炸鱼的商店老板要求旅行者为刚才闻到炸鱼的味道付钱的故事。
【71题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他从包里拿出一碗煮熟米饭，开始吃起来。此处应用形容词boiled作定语，修饰名词rice，表示“煮熟的”。故填boiled。
【72题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在商店里有一个妇女卖炸鱼给有能力付钱的旅行者。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词woman，且动词sell和名词woman是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填selling。
【73题详解】
考查代词。句意：当那个男人吃完饭，起身准备离开时，她喊道:“你还没有付我饭钱呢！”此处应用宾格me作宾语，故填me。
【74题详解】
考查时态。句意：“大家都能看出来，你刚才吃饭时闻到了我炒鱼的香味，”那个女人争辩道。此处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，由just now可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填enjoyed。
【75题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“如果你没有闻到鱼的味道，你的饭菜就不会这么美味了！”此处应用形容词作表语，表示“令人愉悦的”，应用形容词pleasing/pleasant，故填pleasing/pleasant。
【76题详解】
考查连词。句意：虽然他们支持旅行者，但是他们也同意风从商店吹到他吃饭的地方，把炸鱼的味道带给他。前后是转折关系，此处应用连词though/although引导让步状语从句，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Though/Although。
【77题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：虽然他们支持旅行者，但是他们也同意风从商店吹到他吃饭的地方，把炸鱼的味道带给他。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词place，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词来引导，故填where。
【78题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，这个女人把他带到一个法官那里，在告诉法官这个故事之后，她坚持说这个男人喜欢她的鱼味，他应该付25美分。介词after后应用动名词作宾语，故填telling。
【79题详解】
考查冠词。句意：听取证词后，法官要求该男子将一枚25美分的硬币扔在地上。此处泛指一枚25美分的硬币，应用不定冠词来修饰，且25-cent发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
【80题详解】
考查介词。句意：这是支付给你的——25美分买炸鱼的味道。空处是名词，此处表示“为换取”应用介词for，故填for。
八、书面表达(满分15分+5分书写)
81. 我校正在组织英语作文比赛，请以值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 他(她)面对的困难和做出的选择；
2. 他(她)身上值得学习的品质或美德。
注意：
1. 词数80以上；
2. 要求使用句式：非谓语结构，定语从句；
3. 可增加连接成分，是结构清晰，行文连贯；
4. 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
5. 请避免泄露个人信息，包括姓名、学校、班级等。
The person I respect
There are many respectable people.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文一
There are many respectable people. They may be our teachers, parents or one of our elders. As for me, my father is the person I respect most. My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much. He works very hard every day but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work.
When I come across the problems of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely. He achieved a lot in his work, respected by his students. So, in my mind, my father is the person I respect most and I love him deeply.
参考范文二
There are many respectable people. But one person who stands out to me is my grandmother. Despite facing many difficulties throughout her life, she has always made choices that reflect her strong character and kind heart.
Growing up, my grandmother faced many challenges. She was born into a poor family and had to work hard to support herself and her siblings. Later in life, she faced health problems that made it difficult for her to do even simple tasks. Despite these obstacles, she never gave up. She always found a way to keep going and to help others along the way.
One of the things that I admire most about my grandmother is her kindness. She always puts others before herself and is always willing to lend a helping hand. Whether it’s cooking a meal for someone in need or simply listening to a friend who is going through a tough time, she always goes out of her way to make others feel loved and cared for.
Another quality that I admire in my grandmother is her resilience. Despite facing many challenges throughout her life, she has never let them get the best of her. Instead, she has always found a way to overcome them and to come out even stronger on the other side.
Overall, my grandmother is a truly remarkable person who embodies the qualities of strength, kindness, and resilience. She is someone who I look up to and aspire to be like, and I feel honored to have her as a role model in my life.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参加学校正在组织的英语作文比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜欢：love →have a passion for
陪伴某人：accompany sb.→ keep sb. company
遇到：come across →meet with
克服：overcome →get over
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：He achieved a lot in his work, respected by his students.
拓展句：He achieved a lot in his work, who is respected by his students.
【点睛】【高分句型1】My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】When I come across the problems of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和and连接的并列句）
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