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2022-2023学年河南省焦作市博爱重点中学高一（下）期末英语试卷
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这是一份2022-2023学年河南省焦作市博爱重点中学高一（下）期末英语试卷，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年河南省焦作市博爱重点中学高一（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Copenhagen has GREAT public transport.It is reliable，safe，and easily accessible.Of course，like everything in Copenhagen，it is not cheap.The system can be a little confusing，even for locals，but we're here to help simplify it all for you!And today our focus is Travelling with a Bike.
BIKES ON THE TRAIN
Bicycles can be taken on s-tog lines for free but you can't take bikes through Nørreport station during peak hours.To take your bike on a train，you need to put it on the first or last carriage，clearly marked with large signs of bicycles on the outside.
To take a bike on a regional train，which takes you to parts of Denmark outside Copenhagen，you must buy an extra ticket.The price depends on the distance and varies from 16 kr to 28 kr.
BIKES ON THE METRO
Bicycles can be taken on the metro for an extra 13 kr.You need to pay for the bike with its own ticket.You can't take your bike on the metro during peak hours.
BIKES ON THE BUS
You can bring a bike on a bus but each bus is limited to two bikes，even if there is much space.Generally，people do not travel with their bikes on buses in Copenhagen.
BIKES ON THE FERRY（渡轮）
Charges for bicycles depend on the company and the destination.You will need to check with the ferry companies.When you book the ticket，you must state that you have a cycle，even if it's free of charge.
1. Who is this text probably intended for？ ______
A. Tourist guides. B. Bike travelers.
C. Local citizens. D. Ticket inspectors.
2. On which public transport can you take a bike for free？ ______
A. A peak time s-tog train. B. A weekday regional train.
C. An off-peak metro train. D. A weekend ferry.
3. What is the disadvantage of bringing a bike on a bus？ ______
A. Buses are too crowded.
B. It's against the local custom.
C. Availability is not guaranteed.
D. It's not welcomed by other passengers.
B
An extremely rare manuscript (手稿) signed by English naturalist Charles Darwin is expected to fetch up to $790,00 at a Sotheby's auction next month. The document contains a passage from the famous 1859 work On the Origin of Species, in which Darwin put forth his theory of evolution.
The document was once thought to be a deserted page from an earlier manuscript of the work. But experts now understand it was written in 1865 and sent to the editor of the Autographic Mirror who had requested a signed writing sample from Darwin. "While some of Darwin's notes and manuscript pages have survived over the last hundred or more years, he was known to keep revising his publications, often throwing away pages from working drafts as waste paper, making them extremely rare," Sotheby's said in a statement.
On the Origin of Species was voted the most influential academic book of all time in a public poll held during Academic Book Week in 2015. The book offers Darwin's revolutionary idea that species evolve over generations in the process of natural selection.
Darwin backed up his theory with evidence collected during his 1831—1836 voyage on the H. M S. Beagle, during which he observed and collected specimens (标本) from a number of species. On the Galapagos Islands off the coast of Ecuador, Darwin noted that the finches (鸣雀) on the island were similar to finches on the mainland; however, the availability of different foods in each area had led to differences in beak shapes.
The manuscript will be placed on display at Sotheby's in New York between Nov. 30 and Dec 8, and online bids will be accepted between Nov. 25 and Dec. 8. The auction house estimates that the document will fetch between $600,000 and $790,000. The auction, which is titled Age of Wonder, will also include a first edition of On the Origin of Species and a copy of scientific paper by Darwin and another naturalist.
4. What do we know about the manuscript?
A. It's a page of On the Origin of Species.
B. It's a draft of Darwin's scientific paper.
C. It's a signed writing sample to an editor.
D. It's waste paper from Darwin's study.
5. What makes Darwin's On the Origin of Species the most influential academic book?
A. His methods of research. B. His adventure on the sea.
C. The rare manuscript. D. His theory of evolution.
6. What does the underlined phrase "backed up" mean in Paragraph 4?
A. supported B. explained C. declared D. created
7. What is the purpose of the auction?
A. To put the manuscript on sale. B. To display Darwin's works.
C. To vote the best academic books. D. To release a new discovery.
C
Bilinguals are smarter，says science.But the idea is relatively new.Up until the 1970s，most educators had believed that learning two languages at the same time would confuse children and slow their cognitive growth.
Science disagreed with these opinions，says Ellen Bialystok，a professor of psychology.The arrival of new technology in the 1970s allowed scientists a new way to investigate how different brains process language.
Bialystok has been researching the bilingual brain for decades.She firmly believes bilinguals aren't smarter than the single-language learners，but bilingual brains differ in their use of executive function-a system that both helps the brain access particular regions or memories and allows a person to switch between tasks.
Contrary to media reports，executive function is not the same as intelligence，Bialystok adds.Even if the relationship between bilingualism and actual intelligence is unclear，executive function can help people do a lot of things that may make them seem smarter，such as doing more things at the same time and cancelling out things that take their attention away.
Many people believe that knowing at least one other language makes it easier to learn a new one，and cognitive function may play a part in that-the equivalent of good study habits for your brain.But Bialystok thinks cognitive function has less impact on language learners than the similarities between languages' structure and vocabulary. "In learning those patterns，you can get a bit of a free ride in learning a new language，" she says.Despite the overall cognitive benefits，bilingualism may present some disadvantages.When children learn vocabulary，monolinguals can spend more time remembering words in one language，while bilinguals have to construct two different vocabularies.
"The biggest advantage in being bilingual is the same as having great international friends：It allows a person to understand a different way of thinking，with unique philosophies and assumptions about how others see the world，" Bialystok adds.
8. What did most educators think of children's bilingualism before the 1970s？ ______
A. It surely made kids smarter.
B. It could be a terrible experience.
C. It should be taught separately.
D. It may promote cognitive growth.
9. What can make learning a new language easy according to Bialystok？ ______
A. Executive function. B. Cognitive function.
C. Similar language patterns. D. Good study habits.
10. What is Bialystok's attitude toward bilingualism？ ______
A. Skeptical. B. Conservative. C. Tolerant. D. Objective.
11. Which could be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Are bilinguals really smarter？
B. Should kids learn another language？
C. Why do bilinguals have an advantage？
D. What factors affect language learning？
D
According to a study done by University of Michigan researchers，shopping to relieve stress was up to 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad compared to those who only browsed for items.
More than half of the 1，000 consumers participating in the survey said they have impulsively （冲动地） shopped to deal with feelings of stress，anxiety or depression.Twenty-three percent of respondents said they've maxed out a credit card in the past year.Millennials，68 percent，responded by saying they have stress spent in the past，compared with 53 percent of Gen Xers and only 26 percent of Baby Boomers.
By gender，48 percent of men and 31 percent of women who have stress spent said they had purchased alcohol when stressed.82 percent of women stress spent on clothing compared to 52 percent of men.Women also lead stress spending for jewelry，42 percent，compared to 22 percent for men，with men stress spending more for electronics，44 percent versus 30 percent for women.
In fact，shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered.Shopping to relieve stress is also known as retail therapy （疗法） as a form of regulating stress.The survey found that 82 percent had only positive feelings about their purchases and that the positive mood boost that followed those purchases was long-lasting.
However，the side effect of retail therapy，for many，can start out as a relatively harmless mood booster but could possibly grow into an impulse that uses up money and cause conflict，thereby adding a significant amount of stress to a person's life.
12. What can we know about Millennials according to the survey？ ______
A. They tend to max out their credit cards.
B. They bear more stress than Baby Boomers.
C. They are more likely to purchase to reduce anxiety.
D. They have an advantage over Gen Xers in managing stress.
13. Which of the following has topped the list when people have stress spent？ ______
A. Alcohol. B. Clothing. C. Jewelry. D. Electronics.
14. What can be learned about retail therapy dealing with stress？ ______
A. It is harmless.
B. It is highly recommended.
C. It promotes personal relationship.
D. It can serve as a temporary solution.
15. What is the best title for the text？ ______
A. Can Shopping Relieve Stress？
B. Where is Your Money Going？
C. Shopping Habits across Generations
D. A New Cure for Depression
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
There's a lot to cope with when you go off to university. （1） ______ For most students，a completely new environment is waiting to be explored.
We recently drove our daughter Evie 150 miles to start life as a fresher.It was a struggle to find the car park，let alone explore the huge campus.Although we knew she had flatmates and phone apps to get her to fit in，the challenge ahead was clear—to find her way in an unfamiliar world. （2） ______
In a recent study，volunteers walked around a virtual forest environment.Then some of them took the same walk again，while others explored a different forest.（3） ______ According to the researchers，that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine （多巴胺） system—setting up their brains for memorizing things.Thus，they scored higher.
So leaving home to study makes perfect sense. （4） ______ But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits，even if it's just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills.Here are three things to try：
◆ Go somewhere new to tackle an upcoming learning task—like memorizing a speech in the library，or revising for an exam in a park—and take an unfamiliar route to get there.
◆ （5） ______ To warm yourself up for learning，picture a city you know well，but imagine you're tapped in a part of it that you've never visited.Then try to visualize exactly how you'll get out.
◆ Play video games that get you moving through new landscapes.Then see whether it improves your success with other learning tasks，like practising a dance or mastering phrases for a foreign trip.
A.Get lost in your imagination.
B.Prepare yourself for a city tour.
C.But exploring places as such is beneficial to memory.
D.People prove to be more adaptable after new experience.
E.The latter group performed better in memory tests straight after.
F.There are new friends to meet and new responsibilities to accept.
G.Young minds seem to gain most from being in strange surroundings.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Misty Copeland spends most days twisting，spinning and （1） ______ .She practices and （2） ______ the graceful movements of her art.When she isn't performing she is practicing.When she isn't practicing，she is stretching.She takes classes almost every day.She takes care of her body so she doesn't （3） ______ it when she goes to work in a ballet theatre.
"I treat my body with the respect that any musician would to their （4） ______ ." says Misty. "I love my body，" she adds.
Was she （5） ______ confident？Actually，she was a （6） ______ girl and avoided the spotlight.But Misty loved music and movement.When she was thirteen，Misty's teacher suggested she （7） ______ a free ballet class at the Boys&Girls Club.For two weeks，Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class，afraid to （8） ______ .Finally，she gave it a （9） ______ .At first，she felt （10） ______ in the class.She didn't know anything about ballet，and she was （11） ______ than most of the students.Over time，（ 12） ______ ，she began to enjoy the lessons.She discovered that her body- especially her long legs and flexible muscles - was just（13） ______ for ballet.After the class season ended，Misty received a scholarship to a nearby dance studio.Most ballerinas（女舞者） start their training much younger than thirteen.But Misty's natural abilities and hard work made her improve quickly.
Over the next five years，ballet was Misty's （14） ______ .She practiced，performed，competed and attended ballet programs. "Performing was my favourite part because I felt （15） ______ and open onstage，she says. "For the first time in my life，I felt like I belonged."
21. A. wandering B. leaping C. exercising D. dancing
22. A. perfects B. conquers C. examines D. describes
23. A. hurt B. injure C. spoil D. abuse
24. A. appearance B. voice C. techniques D. instruments
25. A. found B. made C. born D. trained
26. A. humble B. quiet C. cautious D. shy
27. A. attend B. register C. learn D. watch
28. A. stand up B. catch up C. cut in D. join in
29. A. rest B. chance C. try D. thought
30. A. out of place B. out of order C. out of mind D. out of control
31. A. younger B. older C. taller D. shorter
32. A. meanwhile B. however C. moreover D. thus
33. A. ready B. good C. right D. qualified
34. A. life B. major C. prospect D. stage
35. A. improved B. calm C. free D. secure
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. In a first of (1) （ it） kind in China，Shenzhen，a city that pioneered reform and opening-up in China，will allow fully autonomous vehicles (2) （ run） on roads in certain areas without human control equipment. (3) city in Guangdong province revealed a new regulation tailored for smart connected vehicle management in China，which is scheduled to come into force on August 1.
The new regulation，which is set to fill the legal gap for domestic intelligent connected vehicles，said automakers don't (4) （ necessary） have to equip fully autonomous vehicles with manual driving mode and corresponding（相应的） devices. ，and nor do they have to have human drivers.
But such fully autonomous vehicles can only drive on certain roads and sections (5) （select） by Shenzhen's traffic management department，according to the regulation，which was published on the official website of Shenzhen Municipal People's Congress.
The regulation classified autonomous vehicles (6) three types：conditionally autonomous driving，highly autonomous driving，and fully autonomous driving.Conditionally autonomous and highly autonomous vehicles must have manual driving modes and corresponding devices，and (7) （ equip） with drivers.
Meanwhile，the regulation (8) （ clarify） rules for responsibilities and auto insurance coverage in the event of car accidents (9) involve autonomous driving，which is expected to promote the fast (10) （ develop） of self-driving vehicles.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，你和几位英文爱好者在互联网上建立了一个名叫EasyEnglish的英语学习网站。请你在校英文报上写一篇短文，向你校学生介绍这个网站。要点如下：
1.创立网站的目的；
2.网站内容及功能；
3.号召使用。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
EasyEnglish Is Waiting for You
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I love to play the piano and I greatly enjoy performing my songs，so when the annual winter recital was canceled，I was disappointed.I had looked forward to it for a long time and had already prepared two of my best songs.
My mom had a wonderful idea，however，to turn this disappointing letdown into something worthwhile. "You can perform your songs at Carriage House Senior Living，" my mom suggested brightly. "I'm sure the seniors there who do not have families visit them that often，would really appreciate the music and you could play more than just two songs."
I immediately thought this was a great idea.One of the things I did not like about the recitals was that I was limited to playing just a couple of songs.Playing the piano at Carriage House seemed like a win-win situation because not only would I get to play more songs，but I would also have the chance to cheer up the residents there with some lively tunes.
My mom called Carriage House and made arrangements for me to perform.In the coming days，I worked especially hard to polish up fifteen pieces that I thought the crowd would enjoy，including many old classics.
When the much-anticipated day finally arrived，my family and I drove to Carriage House.Walking through the enormous double doors，we stepped into an entryway that overlooked the spacious grand dining room.Right at the entrance to the dining room stood the piano as if it were just waiting to make some music to liven the place up a bit.At nearly every table several gray-haired women or men were seated enjoying their dinner and the company that the crowded room provided.Despite the conversations going on at various tables though，isolation hung like a dark cloud in the room.
Almost immediately，we were greeted by an old woman with a walker who introduced herself as Phyllis in charge of Carriage House.She welcomed me and led me to the stage.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As I sat down on the bench，I pressed a key on the piano and was surprised to hear no sound._________
Nervousness melted away and I started to enjoy the performance with the old.___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段And today our focus is Travelling with a Bike.（今天我们的重点是骑自行车旅行。）可知这篇文章可能是给自行车旅行者看的。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据BIKES ON THE TRAIN中的Bicycles can be taken on s-tog lines for free but you can't take bikes through Nørreport station during peak hours. （自行车可以免费乘坐s-tog线，但在高峰时段不能通过Nørreport站。）可知，高峰时间s-tog列车上可以免费携带自行车。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据BIKES ON THE BUS中的You can bring a bike on a bus but each bus is limited to two bikes，even if there is much space.Generally，people do not travel with their bikes on buses in Copenhagen. （你可以带一辆自行车上公共汽车，但每辆公共汽车仅限于两辆自行车，即使有很大的空间。一般来说，在哥本哈根人们不携带自行车乘公共汽车。）可知，在公共汽车上携带自行车不能得到保证。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在哥本哈根的自行车旅行。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】C、D、A、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文介绍了一份由英国博物学家查尔斯•达尔文签名的极其罕见的手稿预计将在下个月的苏富比拍卖会上拍出790000美元。
1. 根据第二段中的But experts now understand it was written in 1865 and sent to the editor of the Autographic Mirror who had requested a signed writing sample from Darwin.（但专家们现在知道，这份手稿写于1865年，被寄给了《自传镜》的编辑，他曾向达尔文索要一份签名的写作样本。）可知，这份手稿是一份给编辑的签名写作样本。故选C。
2. 根据第三段中的On the Origin of Species was voted the most influential academic book of all time in a public poll held during Academic Book Week in 2015. The book offers Darwin's revolutionary idea that species evolve over generations in the process of natural selection.（在2015年学术图书周期间举行的公众投票中，《物种起源》被评为有史以来最具影响力的学术书籍。这本书提出了达尔文的革命性观点，即物种在自然选择的过程中经过几代人的进化。）可知，达尔文的进化论使达尔文的《物种起源》成为最有影响力的学术著作。故选D。
3. 根据第四段中的Darwin backed up his theory with evidence collected during his 1831—1836 voyage on the H.M S.Beagle，during which he observed and collected specimens (标本) from a number of species.（达尔文在1831—1836年乘坐英国皇家海军贝格尔号航行期间，观察并收集了许多物种的标本，以此来back up他的理论。）可知，达尔文观察收集物种标本来支持自己的理论。划线词是“支持”的意思。A.supported支持；B.explained解释；C.declared声明；D.created创建。故选A。
4. 根据第一段中的An extremely rare manuscript (手稿) signed by English naturalist Charles Darwin is expected to fetch up to ＄790,00 at a Sotheby's auction next month. （一份由英国博物学家查尔斯•达尔文签名的极其罕见的手稿预计将在下个月的苏富比拍卖会上拍出790000美元。）可知，拍卖的目的是将手稿出售。故选A。
8~11.【答案】B、C、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Up until the 1970s，most educators had believed that learning two languages at the same time would confuse children and slow their cognitive growth.（直到20世纪70年代，大多数教育家都认为同时学习两种语言会让孩子感到困惑，并减缓他们的认知发展。）可知大多数教育家认为，20世纪70年代以前，儿童的双语能力可能是一种可怕的经历。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段But Bialystok thinks cognitive function has less impact on language learners than the similarities between languages' structure and vocabulary.（但Bialystok认为，认知功能对语言学习者的影响不如语言结构和词汇之间的相似性大）可知，Bialystok认为语言结构的相似性对于新语言的学习起到重要的作用。故选C。
（3）观点态度题。根据第四段Contrary to media reports，executive function is not the same as intelligence，Bialystok adds.Even if the relationship between bilingualism and actual intelligence is unclear，executive function can help people do a lot of things that may make them seem smarter，such as doing more things at the same time and cancelling out things that take their attention away.（Bialystok补充说，与媒体报道相反，执行功能并不等同于智力。尽管双语能力和实际智力之间的关系尚不清楚，但执行功能可以帮助人们做很多让他们看起来更聪明的事情，比如同时做更多的事情，消除分心的事情）和最后一段"The biggest advantage in being bilingual is the same as having great international friends：It allows a person to understand a different way of thinking，with unique philosophies and assumptions about how others see the world，" Bialystok adds.（ Bialystok补充说："掌握双语的最大优势就像拥有伟大的国际朋友一样：它让一个人理解不同的思维方式，以及对他人如何看待世界的独特哲学和假设。"）可推知，Bialystok对双语学习的态度是客观的、就事论事的。A．Skeptical.怀疑的；B．Conservative.保守的；C．Tolerant.忍受的；D．Objective.客观的。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Bilinguals are smarter，says science.But the idea is relatively new.Up until the 1970s，most educators had believed that learning two languages at the same time would confuse children and slow their cognitive growth.（科学表明，双语者更聪明。但这个想法相对较新。直到20世纪70年代，大多数教育工作者都认为同时学习两种语言会让孩子感到困惑，减缓他们的认知发展）以及第二段Science disagreed with these opinions，says Ellen Bialystok，a professor of psychology.The arrival of new technology in the 1970s allowed scientists a new way to investigate how different brains process language.（心理学教授Ellen Bialystok说，科学不同意这些观点。20世纪70年代新技术的出现让科学家们有了新的方法来研究不同的大脑如何处理语言）结合通读全文可知，文章主要探讨了双语学习能否使人变得更聪明这一话题。A选项"双语者真的更聪明吗？"最符合文章标题。故选A。
本文是说明文。文章探讨了双语学习能否使人变得更聪明这一话题。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。推理判断题。根据第二段Twenty-three percent of respondents said they had maxed out a credit card to relieve stress.（23%的受访者表示，他们已经刷爆了信用卡来缓解压力。）可知，千禧一代更有可能通过购物来减少焦虑。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中By gender，48 percent of men and 31 percent of women who have stress spent said they had purchased alcohol when stressed.82 percent of women stress spent on clothing compared to 52 percent of men.Women also lead stress spending for jewelry，42 percent，compared to 22 percent for men，with men stress spending more for electronics，44 percent versus 30 percent for women. （从性别来看，48%的男性和31%的女性冲动消费者表示，在压力大的时候会选择买酒；82%的女性和52%的男性选择买衣服；42%的女性和22%的男性选择买珠宝；而44%的男性和30%的女性选择买电子产品）可知，当人们承受压力时，无论男性还是女性，选择买衣服是最常见的减压方式。故选B项。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中However，the side effect of retail therapy，for many，can start out as a relatively harmless mood booster but could possibly grow into an impulse that uses up money and cause conflict，thereby adding a significant amount of stress to a person's life."（然而，对许多人来说，购物疗法的副作用可能是一种相对无害的情绪助剂，但可能会发展成一种冲动，耗尽金钱，引发冲突，从而给一个人的生活增加了大量的压力）可推知，购物疗法最终可能会带来更大的压力，所有它只能作为一个临时的解决方案。故选D项。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，结合文章第一段According to a study done by University of Michigan researchers，shopping to relieve stress was up to 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad compared to those who only browsed for items. （根据密歇根大学的研究人员所做的一项研究，与那些只浏览商品的人相比，通过购物来缓解压力给人的控制感要有效40倍，购物者的悲伤程度要低3倍）、第四段中In fact，shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. （事实上，通过购物来减压实际上可以帮助你过上更健康的生活，确保你的血压降低）和最后一段中However，the side effect of retail therapy，for many，can start out as a relatively harmless mood booster but could possibly grow into an impulse that uses up money and cause conflict，thereby adding a significant amount of stress to a person's life." （然而，对许多人来说，购物疗法的副作用可能是一种相对无害的情绪助剂，但可能会发展成一种冲动，耗尽金钱，引发冲突，从而给一个人的生活增加了大量的压力）可知，本文介绍了密西根大学关于购物减压的研究。研究发现购物确实能缓解压力，但它也可能会带来更大的压力。所以"Can Shopping Relieve Stress？ （购物能缓解压力吗？）"是研究的话题，也是文章最佳标题。A．Can Shopping Relieve Stress？购物可以缓解压力吗？；B．Where is Your Money Going？你的钱去哪了？；C．Shopping Habits across Generations几代人的购物习惯；D．A New Cure for Depression治疗抑郁症的新方法。故选A项。
本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了密西根大学关于购物减压的研究。研究发现购物确实能缓解压力，但它也可能会带来更大的压力。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】F、C、E、G、A
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上一句There's a lot to cope with when you go off to university."（当你离开家去上大学时，有很多事情要处理。），选项F（有新的朋友要认识，有新的责任要承担。）补充说明了离开家去上大学时会面对的情况，与上一句是并列递进关系，承接上文，衔接合理。故选F。
（2）推理判断题。根据前文It was a struggle to find the car park，let alone explore the huge campus.（找到停车场都很困难，更不用说探索这个巨大的校园了。）和Although we knew she had flatmates and phone apps to get her to fit in，the challenge ahead was clear—to find her way in an unfamiliar world.（虽然我们知道她有室友和手机应用程序让她适应环境，但前方的挑战很明显---在一个陌生的世界里找到自己的路。）可知，前文表达了目前主要的挑战是适应新环境，而不是探索校园；但根据第三段According to the researchers，that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine （多巴胺） system—setting up their brains for memorizing things.（根据研究人员的说法，这是因为探索新环境刺激了他们的多巴胺系统—建立他们的大脑来记忆东西。）可知，探索新环境对大脑记忆是有好处的，所以选项C（但探索这样的地方对记忆是有益的。）与前文有转折关系，合理引出了下文，符合语境。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据上一句Then some of them took the same walk again，while others explored a different forest.（于是，他们中的一些人又走了一次同样的路，而另一些人则探索了另一片不同的森林。）可知，前组的成员走的老路，后组的成员探索了新路；结合下一句According to the researchers，that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine（多巴胺） system—setting up their brains for memorizing things.Thus，they scored higher.（根据研究人员的说法，这是因为探索新环境刺激了他们的多巴胺系统—建立他们的大脑来记忆东西。因此，他们的得分更高。）可知，后组的成员在大脑记忆方面的测试得分更高，表现更好，与选项E（后一组在接下来的记忆测试中表现更好。）符合语境，下一句是对选项E的具体解释。故选E。
（4）联系下文题。根据下一句But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits，even if it's just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills.（但我们也许都能从中获益，即使只是通过刺激我们的感官和挑战我们的思维能力。）中的"But"和"all"和句意可知，空处应该是指某一部分人会从中获益，选项G（年轻人似乎从陌生的环境中获益最多。）表达了这层含义，与下文衔接合理。故选G。
（5）段落主题题。空处为段落主题句，根据最后两段可知，应该为祈使句，故答案选自A或B；根据下一句To warm yourself up for learning，picture a city you know well，but imagine you're tapped in a part of it that you've never visited.（为了给自己的学习热身，想象一个你熟悉的城市，但想象你身处其中一个你从未去过的地方。）可知，本段主要讲述要善于想象；选项A（沉浸在你的想象中。）与其语意相符，符合语境。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。作者通过自己女儿的例子，表达了人们在一个陌生的新的环境中，应该勇于探索和尝试的观点，作者认为这会给人们带来好处，并给出了一些具体的做法和建议。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、A、B、D、C、D、A、D、C、A、B、B、C、A、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.wandering流浪；B.leaping跳跃；C.exercising锻炼；D.dancing跳舞。句意：Misty Copeland大部分时间都在扭动、旋转和跳跃。根据下文"She takes care of her body so she doesn't（3）it when she goes to work in a ballet theatre."可知，Misty Copeland在努力练习舞蹈，此处指扭动、旋转和跳跃。故选B。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.perfects完善；B.conquers征服；C.examines检查；D.describes描述。句意：她练习和完善她的艺术优美的动作。根据下文"When she isn't performing she is practicing.When she isn't practicing，she is stretching.She takes classes almost every day."可知，Misty Copeland是为了完善自己的舞蹈动作。故选A。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.hurt伤害；B.injure使受伤；C.spoil破坏；D.abuse滥用。句意：她很注意自己的身体，以免在去芭蕾舞剧院工作时伤害到自己的身体。根据上文"She takes care of her body"可知，是为了避免伤害到自己的身体。故选B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.appearance外观；B.voice声音；C.techniques技术；D.instruments乐器。句意："我对待我的身体就像任何音乐家对待他们的乐器一样。"Misty说。根据上文"musician"可知，此处指音乐家们的乐器。故选D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.found发现；B.made制造；C.born出生；D.trained培训。句意：她天生自信吗？根据下文"Actually，she was a（6）girl and avoided the spotlight."可知，此处在问她天生就自信吗。故选C。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.humble谦逊的；B.quiet安静的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.shy害羞的。句意：事实上，她是一个害羞的女孩，回避聚光灯。根据下文"avoided the spotlight"可知，她是一个害羞的女孩。故选D。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.attend参加；B.register登记；C.learn学习；D.watch观看。句意：13岁时，Misty的老师建议她参加男孩女孩俱乐部的免费芭蕾课。根据下文"a free ballet class at the Boys&Girls Club"可知，此处指参加课程。故选A。
（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.stand up起立；B.catch up追赶；C.cut in切入；D.join in加入。句意：整整两个星期，Misty都坐在体育馆的长凳上看这门课，不敢加入其中。根据上文"For two weeks，Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class"可知，Misty仅仅是观看，不敢加入其中。故选D。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.rest休息；B.chance机会；C.try尝试；D.thought思想。句意：最后，她试了一下。根据上文"For two weeks，Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class"和下文"At first，she felt （10）in the class."可知，最后，她试了一下。故选C。
（10）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.out of place格格不入；B.out of order发生故障；C.out of mind心不在焉；D.out of control失控。句意：一开始，她觉得在班里格格不入。根据下文"She didn't know anything about ballet"可知，她感到格格不入。故选A。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.younger更年轻的；B.older年龄更大的；C.taller更高的；D.shorter更短的。句意：她对芭蕾一无所知，而且她比大多数学生都大。根据下文"Most ballerinas （女舞者） start their training much younger than thirteen."可知，她比大多数学生都大。故选B。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.meanwhile同时；B.however然而；C.moreover此外；D.thus因此。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，她开始喜欢上这些课程了。根据上文"At first，she felt（10）in the class.She didn't know anything about ballet"及下文"she began to enjoy the lessons"可知，前后句意存在转折关系，应用转折副词。故选B。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.ready准备就绪的；B.good好的；C.right合适的；D.qualified合格的。句意：她发现她的身体——尤其是她的长腿和灵活的肌肉——正好适合跳芭蕾。根据下文"especially her long legs and flexible muscles"及"After the class season ended，Misty received a scholarship to a nearby dance studio."可知，她发现她的身体正好适合跳芭蕾。故选C。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.life生活；B.major专业；C.prospect前景；D.stage阶段。句意：在接下来的五年里，芭蕾是Misty的生活。根据下文"She practiced，performed，competed and attended ballet programs."及"For the first time in my life，I felt like I belonged."可知，此处指芭蕾已成为Misty的生活。故选A。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.improved改进过的；B.calm平静的；C.free自由的；D.secure安全的。句意："表演是我最喜欢的部分，因为我在台上感到自由和开放，"她说。根据下文"For the first time in my life，I felt like I belonged."可知，她在台上感到自由和开放。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Misty Copeland的芭蕾舞团梦之旅，除了天赋以外，她的刻苦努力也是成功的一个重要因素之一。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】its
【小题2】to run
【小题3】The
【小题4】necessarily
【小题5】selected
【小题6】into
【小题7】be equipped
【小题8】clarified
【小题9】that/which
【小题10】development
【解析】（1）考查代词。句意：作为中国改革开放的先驱城市，深圳将允许全自动驾驶汽车在特定区域的道路上行驶，无需人工控制设备。此处用所给代词的形容词性物主代词修饰空后的名词kind。故填its。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：作为中国改革开放的先驱城市，深圳将允许全自动驾驶汽车在特定区域的道路上行驶，无需人工控制设备。短语allow sb./sth.to do sth意为"允许某人或某物做某事"，此处动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to run。
（3）考查冠词。句意：广东省深圳市公布了一项为中国智能互联汽车管理量身定制的新规定，定于8月1日生效。此处特指前文提到的深圳市，故用定冠词，句首首字母要大写。故填The。
（4）考查副词。句意：新规将填补国内智能联网汽车的法律空白，称汽车制造商不必为完全自动驾驶汽车配备手动驾驶模式和相应设备，也不必有人类司机。此处修饰动词短语have to应用副词necessarily。故填necessarily。
（5）考查过去分词。句意：根据深圳市人大官网公布的这项规定，这种全自动驾驶车辆只能在深圳市交通管理部门选定的特定道路和路段行驶。分析句子成分可知，此处填非谓语动词，动词select与其逻辑主语certain roads and sections存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用所给动词的过去分词作后置定语。故填selected。
（6）考查介词。句意：该规定将自动驾驶车辆分为有条件自动驾驶、高度自动驾驶、完全自动驾驶三种类型。短语classify...into...意为"将……分类为……"，为固定用法。故填into。
（7）考查被动语态。句意：有条件自动驾驶和高度自动驾驶的车辆必须有手动驾驶模式和相应的装置，并配备驾驶员。动词equip与主语Conditionally autonomous and highly autonomous vehicles存在动宾关系，又因为前面有情态动词must，故填be equipped。
（8）考查动词的时态。句意：同时，该规定明确了涉及自动驾驶的交通事故的责任和车险范围，这有望推动自动驾驶汽车的快速发展。根据Meanwhile可知，此处的谓语动词与前文的谓语动词said、classified的时态一致，故此处用一般过去时。故填clarified。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：同时，该规定明确了涉及自动驾驶的交通事故的责任和车险范围，这有望推动自动驾驶汽车的快速发展。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词是car accidents，故此处用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
（10）考查不可数名词。句意：同时，该规定明确了涉及自动驾驶的交通事故的责任和车险范围，这有望推动自动驾驶汽车的快速发展。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，此处用所给动词的名词development，作宾语，不可数。故填development。
本文是一篇说明文。广东省深圳市将率先允许全自动汽车在某些区域的特定道路上行驶，为此，该市也出台了相应的新规。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】EasyEnglish Is Waiting for You To develop our interest of learning English and make English learning easy and enjoyable for us students,I and several English lovers have set up an English learning website called easyenglish on the Internet.【高分句型一】（创立网站的目的）
A wide variety of English materials are available in this website,such as English exercises,introduction to foreign cultures and short English stories.You can also enjoy chatting in English here with other English learners so that you can improve both your oral and written English.【高分句型二】Besides,if you want to show your own English writings or share your learning experience,this website is your best choice.（网站内容及功能）
Welcome to surf this website and enjoy learning English!（号召使用）
【解析】高分句型一
To develop our interest of learning English and make English learning easy and enjoyable for us students,I and several English lovers have set up an English learning website called easyenglish on the Internet.
翻译：为了培养我们学习英语的兴趣，让我们学生的英语学习变得轻松愉快，我和几位英语爱好者在互联网上建立了一个名为easyenglish的英语学习网站。
分析：句子里，动词不定式To develop our interest of learning English and make English learning easy and enjoyable for us students作目的状语；过去分词短语called easyenglish on the Internet作an English learning website的定语。
高分句型二
You can also enjoy chatting in English here with other English learners so that you can improve both your oral and written English.
翻译：你也可以在这里用英语与其他英语学习者聊天，这样你就可以提高你的口语和书面英语。
分析：句子里，so that 引导目的状语从句ou can improve both your oral and written English。
写作时，考生要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，尽可能的使用较复杂的句子结构，尽量使用高级词汇以便得到较高的分数。写作是一个厚积薄发的过程，是一项将积累释放于一时的过程。积累越深厚，释放就越精彩；积累越科学，释放就越有效。
38.【答案】As I sat down on the bench，I pressed a key on the piano and was surprised to hear no sound .Feeling as if the whole world was watching me，I was struck dead with embarrassment.How could I perform the song without the piano？I was on pins and needles when Phyllis slowly made her way to the front of the crowd of dinners and announced in a comforting tone. 【高分句型一】 "This girl has come to sing for us but the piano seems to be a little nervous." Almost immediately，there was scattered applause and several people stepped forward to help me plug in the piano and set the microphone.With everything ready，I took a deep breath and commenced my performance.（作者表演时发现钢琴没有声音的内心的紧张以及问题解决后大家对作者的鼓励。）
Nervousness melted away and I started to enjoy the performance with the old .One woman got up and began to animatedly dance about the room.Some of the people swayed in their chairs to the beat of the music while others tapped theirs toes.The performance ended up with a storm of applause from the crowd.I realized that it was far better than a piano recital because almost everyone seemed to truly appreciate my music and I' m proud that I have the power to spread kindness to them.【高分句型二】It ended up being a blessing in disguise that the recital was canceled，leading to me sharing the gift of music with those who needed it most.（作者的演奏给老人带来的快乐和作者的感受）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者喜欢弹钢琴，也非常喜欢表演自己的歌曲，所以当年冬季独奏会被取消时，作者很失望。然而，妈妈提议去Carriage House 为老年人表演时，作者欣然同意并为之积极的做准备。
高分句型一 I was on pins and needles when Phyllis slowly made her way to the front of the crowd of dinners and announced in a comforting tone.
翻译：菲利斯慢慢地走到晚餐人群的前面，用一种安慰的语气宣布这一消息时，我如坐针毡。
分析：句中使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二 I realized that it was far better than a piano recital because almost everyone seemed to truly appreciate my music and I' m proud that I have the power to spread kindness to them.
翻译：我意识到这比钢琴独奏会要好得多，因为几乎每个人似乎都真正欣赏我的音乐，我很自豪我有能力向他们传播善意。
分析：句中使用了由连词that引导的宾语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年河南省焦作市博爱重点中学高一（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Copenhagen has GREAT public transport.It is reliable，safe，and easily accessible.Of course，like everything in Copenhagen，it is not cheap.The system can be a little confusing，even for locals，but we're here to help simplify it all for you!And today our focus is Travelling with a Bike.
BIKES ON THE TRAIN
Bicycles can be taken on s-tog lines for free but you can't take bikes through Nørreport station during peak hours.To take your bike on a train，you need to put it on the first or last carriage，clearly marked with large signs of bicycles on the outside.
To take a bike on a regional train，which takes you to parts of Denmark outside Copenhagen，you must buy an extra ticket.The price depends on the distance and varies from 16 kr to 28 kr.
BIKES ON THE METRO
Bicycles can be taken on the metro for an extra 13 kr.You need to pay for the bike with its own ticket.You can't take your bike on the metro during peak hours.
BIKES ON THE BUS
You can bring a bike on a bus but each bus is limited to two bikes，even if there is much space.Generally，people do not travel with their bikes on buses in Copenhagen.
BIKES ON THE FERRY（渡轮）
Charges for bicycles depend on the company and the destination.You will need to check with the ferry companies.When you book the ticket，you must state that you have a cycle，even if it's free of charge.
1. Who is this text probably intended for？ ______
A. Tourist guides. B. Bike travelers.
C. Local citizens. D. Ticket inspectors.
2. On which public transport can you take a bike for free？ ______
A. A peak time s-tog train. B. A weekday regional train.
C. An off-peak metro train. D. A weekend ferry.
3. What is the disadvantage of bringing a bike on a bus？ ______
A. Buses are too crowded.
B. It's against the local custom.
C. Availability is not guaranteed.
D. It's not welcomed by other passengers.
B
An extremely rare manuscript (手稿) signed by English naturalist Charles Darwin is expected to fetch up to $790,00 at a Sotheby's auction next month. The document contains a passage from the famous 1859 work On the Origin of Species, in which Darwin put forth his theory of evolution.
The document was once thought to be a deserted page from an earlier manuscript of the work. But experts now understand it was written in 1865 and sent to the editor of the Autographic Mirror who had requested a signed writing sample from Darwin. "While some of Darwin's notes and manuscript pages have survived over the last hundred or more years, he was known to keep revising his publications, often throwing away pages from working drafts as waste paper, making them extremely rare," Sotheby's said in a statement.
On the Origin of Species was voted the most influential academic book of all time in a public poll held during Academic Book Week in 2015. The book offers Darwin's revolutionary idea that species evolve over generations in the process of natural selection.
Darwin backed up his theory with evidence collected during his 1831—1836 voyage on the H. M S. Beagle, during which he observed and collected specimens (标本) from a number of species. On the Galapagos Islands off the coast of Ecuador, Darwin noted that the finches (鸣雀) on the island were similar to finches on the mainland; however, the availability of different foods in each area had led to differences in beak shapes.
The manuscript will be placed on display at Sotheby's in New York between Nov. 30 and Dec 8, and online bids will be accepted between Nov. 25 and Dec. 8. The auction house estimates that the document will fetch between $600,000 and $790,000. The auction, which is titled Age of Wonder, will also include a first edition of On the Origin of Species and a copy of scientific paper by Darwin and another naturalist.
4. What do we know about the manuscript?
A. It's a page of On the Origin of Species.
B. It's a draft of Darwin's scientific paper.
C. It's a signed writing sample to an editor.
D. It's waste paper from Darwin's study.
5. What makes Darwin's On the Origin of Species the most influential academic book?
A. His methods of research. B. His adventure on the sea.
C. The rare manuscript. D. His theory of evolution.
6. What does the underlined phrase "backed up" mean in Paragraph 4?
A. supported B. explained C. declared D. created
7. What is the purpose of the auction?
A. To put the manuscript on sale. B. To display Darwin's works.
C. To vote the best academic books. D. To release a new discovery.
C
Bilinguals are smarter，says science.But the idea is relatively new.Up until the 1970s，most educators had believed that learning two languages at the same time would confuse children and slow their cognitive growth.
Science disagreed with these opinions，says Ellen Bialystok，a professor of psychology.The arrival of new technology in the 1970s allowed scientists a new way to investigate how different brains process language.
Bialystok has been researching the bilingual brain for decades.She firmly believes bilinguals aren't smarter than the single-language learners，but bilingual brains differ in their use of executive function-a system that both helps the brain access particular regions or memories and allows a person to switch between tasks.
Contrary to media reports，executive function is not the same as intelligence，Bialystok adds.Even if the relationship between bilingualism and actual intelligence is unclear，executive function can help people do a lot of things that may make them seem smarter，such as doing more things at the same time and cancelling out things that take their attention away.
Many people believe that knowing at least one other language makes it easier to learn a new one，and cognitive function may play a part in that-the equivalent of good study habits for your brain.But Bialystok thinks cognitive function has less impact on language learners than the similarities between languages' structure and vocabulary. "In learning those patterns，you can get a bit of a free ride in learning a new language，" she says.Despite the overall cognitive benefits，bilingualism may present some disadvantages.When children learn vocabulary，monolinguals can spend more time remembering words in one language，while bilinguals have to construct two different vocabularies.
"The biggest advantage in being bilingual is the same as having great international friends：It allows a person to understand a different way of thinking，with unique philosophies and assumptions about how others see the world，" Bialystok adds.
8. What did most educators think of children's bilingualism before the 1970s？ ______
A. It surely made kids smarter.
B. It could be a terrible experience.
C. It should be taught separately.
D. It may promote cognitive growth.
9. What can make learning a new language easy according to Bialystok？ ______
A. Executive function. B. Cognitive function.
C. Similar language patterns. D. Good study habits.
10. What is Bialystok's attitude toward bilingualism？ ______
A. Skeptical. B. Conservative. C. Tolerant. D. Objective.
11. Which could be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Are bilinguals really smarter？
B. Should kids learn another language？
C. Why do bilinguals have an advantage？
D. What factors affect language learning？
D
According to a study done by University of Michigan researchers，shopping to relieve stress was up to 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad compared to those who only browsed for items.
More than half of the 1，000 consumers participating in the survey said they have impulsively （冲动地） shopped to deal with feelings of stress，anxiety or depression.Twenty-three percent of respondents said they've maxed out a credit card in the past year.Millennials，68 percent，responded by saying they have stress spent in the past，compared with 53 percent of Gen Xers and only 26 percent of Baby Boomers.
By gender，48 percent of men and 31 percent of women who have stress spent said they had purchased alcohol when stressed.82 percent of women stress spent on clothing compared to 52 percent of men.Women also lead stress spending for jewelry，42 percent，compared to 22 percent for men，with men stress spending more for electronics，44 percent versus 30 percent for women.
In fact，shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered.Shopping to relieve stress is also known as retail therapy （疗法） as a form of regulating stress.The survey found that 82 percent had only positive feelings about their purchases and that the positive mood boost that followed those purchases was long-lasting.
However，the side effect of retail therapy，for many，can start out as a relatively harmless mood booster but could possibly grow into an impulse that uses up money and cause conflict，thereby adding a significant amount of stress to a person's life.
12. What can we know about Millennials according to the survey？ ______
A. They tend to max out their credit cards.
B. They bear more stress than Baby Boomers.
C. They are more likely to purchase to reduce anxiety.
D. They have an advantage over Gen Xers in managing stress.
13. Which of the following has topped the list when people have stress spent？ ______
A. Alcohol. B. Clothing. C. Jewelry. D. Electronics.
14. What can be learned about retail therapy dealing with stress？ ______
A. It is harmless.
B. It is highly recommended.
C. It promotes personal relationship.
D. It can serve as a temporary solution.
15. What is the best title for the text？ ______
A. Can Shopping Relieve Stress？
B. Where is Your Money Going？
C. Shopping Habits across Generations
D. A New Cure for Depression
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
There's a lot to cope with when you go off to university. （1） ______ For most students，a completely new environment is waiting to be explored.
We recently drove our daughter Evie 150 miles to start life as a fresher.It was a struggle to find the car park，let alone explore the huge campus.Although we knew she had flatmates and phone apps to get her to fit in，the challenge ahead was clear—to find her way in an unfamiliar world. （2） ______
In a recent study，volunteers walked around a virtual forest environment.Then some of them took the same walk again，while others explored a different forest.（3） ______ According to the researchers，that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine （多巴胺） system—setting up their brains for memorizing things.Thus，they scored higher.
So leaving home to study makes perfect sense. （4） ______ But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits，even if it's just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills.Here are three things to try：
◆ Go somewhere new to tackle an upcoming learning task—like memorizing a speech in the library，or revising for an exam in a park—and take an unfamiliar route to get there.
◆ （5） ______ To warm yourself up for learning，picture a city you know well，but imagine you're tapped in a part of it that you've never visited.Then try to visualize exactly how you'll get out.
◆ Play video games that get you moving through new landscapes.Then see whether it improves your success with other learning tasks，like practising a dance or mastering phrases for a foreign trip.
A.Get lost in your imagination.
B.Prepare yourself for a city tour.
C.But exploring places as such is beneficial to memory.
D.People prove to be more adaptable after new experience.
E.The latter group performed better in memory tests straight after.
F.There are new friends to meet and new responsibilities to accept.
G.Young minds seem to gain most from being in strange surroundings.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Misty Copeland spends most days twisting，spinning and （1） ______ .She practices and （2） ______ the graceful movements of her art.When she isn't performing she is practicing.When she isn't practicing，she is stretching.She takes classes almost every day.She takes care of her body so she doesn't （3） ______ it when she goes to work in a ballet theatre.
"I treat my body with the respect that any musician would to their （4） ______ ." says Misty. "I love my body，" she adds.
Was she （5） ______ confident？Actually，she was a （6） ______ girl and avoided the spotlight.But Misty loved music and movement.When she was thirteen，Misty's teacher suggested she （7） ______ a free ballet class at the Boys&Girls Club.For two weeks，Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class，afraid to （8） ______ .Finally，she gave it a （9） ______ .At first，she felt （10） ______ in the class.She didn't know anything about ballet，and she was （11） ______ than most of the students.Over time，（ 12） ______ ，she began to enjoy the lessons.She discovered that her body- especially her long legs and flexible muscles - was just（13） ______ for ballet.After the class season ended，Misty received a scholarship to a nearby dance studio.Most ballerinas（女舞者） start their training much younger than thirteen.But Misty's natural abilities and hard work made her improve quickly.
Over the next five years，ballet was Misty's （14） ______ .She practiced，performed，competed and attended ballet programs. "Performing was my favourite part because I felt （15） ______ and open onstage，she says. "For the first time in my life，I felt like I belonged."
21. A. wandering B. leaping C. exercising D. dancing
22. A. perfects B. conquers C. examines D. describes
23. A. hurt B. injure C. spoil D. abuse
24. A. appearance B. voice C. techniques D. instruments
25. A. found B. made C. born D. trained
26. A. humble B. quiet C. cautious D. shy
27. A. attend B. register C. learn D. watch
28. A. stand up B. catch up C. cut in D. join in
29. A. rest B. chance C. try D. thought
30. A. out of place B. out of order C. out of mind D. out of control
31. A. younger B. older C. taller D. shorter
32. A. meanwhile B. however C. moreover D. thus
33. A. ready B. good C. right D. qualified
34. A. life B. major C. prospect D. stage
35. A. improved B. calm C. free D. secure
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. In a first of (1) （ it） kind in China，Shenzhen，a city that pioneered reform and opening-up in China，will allow fully autonomous vehicles (2) （ run） on roads in certain areas without human control equipment. (3) city in Guangdong province revealed a new regulation tailored for smart connected vehicle management in China，which is scheduled to come into force on August 1.
The new regulation，which is set to fill the legal gap for domestic intelligent connected vehicles，said automakers don't (4) （ necessary） have to equip fully autonomous vehicles with manual driving mode and corresponding（相应的） devices. ，and nor do they have to have human drivers.
But such fully autonomous vehicles can only drive on certain roads and sections (5) （select） by Shenzhen's traffic management department，according to the regulation，which was published on the official website of Shenzhen Municipal People's Congress.
The regulation classified autonomous vehicles (6) three types：conditionally autonomous driving，highly autonomous driving，and fully autonomous driving.Conditionally autonomous and highly autonomous vehicles must have manual driving modes and corresponding devices，and (7) （ equip） with drivers.
Meanwhile，the regulation (8) （ clarify） rules for responsibilities and auto insurance coverage in the event of car accidents (9) involve autonomous driving，which is expected to promote the fast (10) （ develop） of self-driving vehicles.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，你和几位英文爱好者在互联网上建立了一个名叫EasyEnglish的英语学习网站。请你在校英文报上写一篇短文，向你校学生介绍这个网站。要点如下：
1.创立网站的目的；
2.网站内容及功能；
3.号召使用。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
EasyEnglish Is Waiting for You
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I love to play the piano and I greatly enjoy performing my songs，so when the annual winter recital was canceled，I was disappointed.I had looked forward to it for a long time and had already prepared two of my best songs.
My mom had a wonderful idea，however，to turn this disappointing letdown into something worthwhile. "You can perform your songs at Carriage House Senior Living，" my mom suggested brightly. "I'm sure the seniors there who do not have families visit them that often，would really appreciate the music and you could play more than just two songs."
I immediately thought this was a great idea.One of the things I did not like about the recitals was that I was limited to playing just a couple of songs.Playing the piano at Carriage House seemed like a win-win situation because not only would I get to play more songs，but I would also have the chance to cheer up the residents there with some lively tunes.
My mom called Carriage House and made arrangements for me to perform.In the coming days，I worked especially hard to polish up fifteen pieces that I thought the crowd would enjoy，including many old classics.
When the much-anticipated day finally arrived，my family and I drove to Carriage House.Walking through the enormous double doors，we stepped into an entryway that overlooked the spacious grand dining room.Right at the entrance to the dining room stood the piano as if it were just waiting to make some music to liven the place up a bit.At nearly every table several gray-haired women or men were seated enjoying their dinner and the company that the crowded room provided.Despite the conversations going on at various tables though，isolation hung like a dark cloud in the room.
Almost immediately，we were greeted by an old woman with a walker who introduced herself as Phyllis in charge of Carriage House.She welcomed me and led me to the stage.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As I sat down on the bench，I pressed a key on the piano and was surprised to hear no sound._________
Nervousness melted away and I started to enjoy the performance with the old.___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段And today our focus is Travelling with a Bike.（今天我们的重点是骑自行车旅行。）可知这篇文章可能是给自行车旅行者看的。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据BIKES ON THE TRAIN中的Bicycles can be taken on s-tog lines for free but you can't take bikes through Nørreport station during peak hours. （自行车可以免费乘坐s-tog线，但在高峰时段不能通过Nørreport站。）可知，高峰时间s-tog列车上可以免费携带自行车。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据BIKES ON THE BUS中的You can bring a bike on a bus but each bus is limited to two bikes，even if there is much space.Generally，people do not travel with their bikes on buses in Copenhagen. （你可以带一辆自行车上公共汽车，但每辆公共汽车仅限于两辆自行车，即使有很大的空间。一般来说，在哥本哈根人们不携带自行车乘公共汽车。）可知，在公共汽车上携带自行车不能得到保证。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在哥本哈根的自行车旅行。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】C、D、A、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文介绍了一份由英国博物学家查尔斯•达尔文签名的极其罕见的手稿预计将在下个月的苏富比拍卖会上拍出790000美元。
1. 根据第二段中的But experts now understand it was written in 1865 and sent to the editor of the Autographic Mirror who had requested a signed writing sample from Darwin.（但专家们现在知道，这份手稿写于1865年，被寄给了《自传镜》的编辑，他曾向达尔文索要一份签名的写作样本。）可知，这份手稿是一份给编辑的签名写作样本。故选C。
2. 根据第三段中的On the Origin of Species was voted the most influential academic book of all time in a public poll held during Academic Book Week in 2015. The book offers Darwin's revolutionary idea that species evolve over generations in the process of natural selection.（在2015年学术图书周期间举行的公众投票中，《物种起源》被评为有史以来最具影响力的学术书籍。这本书提出了达尔文的革命性观点，即物种在自然选择的过程中经过几代人的进化。）可知，达尔文的进化论使达尔文的《物种起源》成为最有影响力的学术著作。故选D。
3. 根据第四段中的Darwin backed up his theory with evidence collected during his 1831—1836 voyage on the H.M S.Beagle，during which he observed and collected specimens (标本) from a number of species.（达尔文在1831—1836年乘坐英国皇家海军贝格尔号航行期间，观察并收集了许多物种的标本，以此来back up他的理论。）可知，达尔文观察收集物种标本来支持自己的理论。划线词是“支持”的意思。A.supported支持；B.explained解释；C.declared声明；D.created创建。故选A。
4. 根据第一段中的An extremely rare manuscript (手稿) signed by English naturalist Charles Darwin is expected to fetch up to ＄790,00 at a Sotheby's auction next month. （一份由英国博物学家查尔斯•达尔文签名的极其罕见的手稿预计将在下个月的苏富比拍卖会上拍出790000美元。）可知，拍卖的目的是将手稿出售。故选A。
8~11.【答案】B、C、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Up until the 1970s，most educators had believed that learning two languages at the same time would confuse children and slow their cognitive growth.（直到20世纪70年代，大多数教育家都认为同时学习两种语言会让孩子感到困惑，并减缓他们的认知发展。）可知大多数教育家认为，20世纪70年代以前，儿童的双语能力可能是一种可怕的经历。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段But Bialystok thinks cognitive function has less impact on language learners than the similarities between languages' structure and vocabulary.（但Bialystok认为，认知功能对语言学习者的影响不如语言结构和词汇之间的相似性大）可知，Bialystok认为语言结构的相似性对于新语言的学习起到重要的作用。故选C。
（3）观点态度题。根据第四段Contrary to media reports，executive function is not the same as intelligence，Bialystok adds.Even if the relationship between bilingualism and actual intelligence is unclear，executive function can help people do a lot of things that may make them seem smarter，such as doing more things at the same time and cancelling out things that take their attention away.（Bialystok补充说，与媒体报道相反，执行功能并不等同于智力。尽管双语能力和实际智力之间的关系尚不清楚，但执行功能可以帮助人们做很多让他们看起来更聪明的事情，比如同时做更多的事情，消除分心的事情）和最后一段"The biggest advantage in being bilingual is the same as having great international friends：It allows a person to understand a different way of thinking，with unique philosophies and assumptions about how others see the world，" Bialystok adds.（ Bialystok补充说："掌握双语的最大优势就像拥有伟大的国际朋友一样：它让一个人理解不同的思维方式，以及对他人如何看待世界的独特哲学和假设。"）可推知，Bialystok对双语学习的态度是客观的、就事论事的。A．Skeptical.怀疑的；B．Conservative.保守的；C．Tolerant.忍受的；D．Objective.客观的。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Bilinguals are smarter，says science.But the idea is relatively new.Up until the 1970s，most educators had believed that learning two languages at the same time would confuse children and slow their cognitive growth.（科学表明，双语者更聪明。但这个想法相对较新。直到20世纪70年代，大多数教育工作者都认为同时学习两种语言会让孩子感到困惑，减缓他们的认知发展）以及第二段Science disagreed with these opinions，says Ellen Bialystok，a professor of psychology.The arrival of new technology in the 1970s allowed scientists a new way to investigate how different brains process language.（心理学教授Ellen Bialystok说，科学不同意这些观点。20世纪70年代新技术的出现让科学家们有了新的方法来研究不同的大脑如何处理语言）结合通读全文可知，文章主要探讨了双语学习能否使人变得更聪明这一话题。A选项"双语者真的更聪明吗？"最符合文章标题。故选A。
本文是说明文。文章探讨了双语学习能否使人变得更聪明这一话题。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。推理判断题。根据第二段Twenty-three percent of respondents said they had maxed out a credit card to relieve stress.（23%的受访者表示，他们已经刷爆了信用卡来缓解压力。）可知，千禧一代更有可能通过购物来减少焦虑。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中By gender，48 percent of men and 31 percent of women who have stress spent said they had purchased alcohol when stressed.82 percent of women stress spent on clothing compared to 52 percent of men.Women also lead stress spending for jewelry，42 percent，compared to 22 percent for men，with men stress spending more for electronics，44 percent versus 30 percent for women. （从性别来看，48%的男性和31%的女性冲动消费者表示，在压力大的时候会选择买酒；82%的女性和52%的男性选择买衣服；42%的女性和22%的男性选择买珠宝；而44%的男性和30%的女性选择买电子产品）可知，当人们承受压力时，无论男性还是女性，选择买衣服是最常见的减压方式。故选B项。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中However，the side effect of retail therapy，for many，can start out as a relatively harmless mood booster but could possibly grow into an impulse that uses up money and cause conflict，thereby adding a significant amount of stress to a person's life."（然而，对许多人来说，购物疗法的副作用可能是一种相对无害的情绪助剂，但可能会发展成一种冲动，耗尽金钱，引发冲突，从而给一个人的生活增加了大量的压力）可推知，购物疗法最终可能会带来更大的压力，所有它只能作为一个临时的解决方案。故选D项。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，结合文章第一段According to a study done by University of Michigan researchers，shopping to relieve stress was up to 40 times more effective at giving people a sense of control and shoppers were three times less sad compared to those who only browsed for items. （根据密歇根大学的研究人员所做的一项研究，与那些只浏览商品的人相比，通过购物来缓解压力给人的控制感要有效40倍，购物者的悲伤程度要低3倍）、第四段中In fact，shopping to reduce stress can actually help you live a healthier life by making sure that your blood pressure is lowered. （事实上，通过购物来减压实际上可以帮助你过上更健康的生活，确保你的血压降低）和最后一段中However，the side effect of retail therapy，for many，can start out as a relatively harmless mood booster but could possibly grow into an impulse that uses up money and cause conflict，thereby adding a significant amount of stress to a person's life." （然而，对许多人来说，购物疗法的副作用可能是一种相对无害的情绪助剂，但可能会发展成一种冲动，耗尽金钱，引发冲突，从而给一个人的生活增加了大量的压力）可知，本文介绍了密西根大学关于购物减压的研究。研究发现购物确实能缓解压力，但它也可能会带来更大的压力。所以"Can Shopping Relieve Stress？ （购物能缓解压力吗？）"是研究的话题，也是文章最佳标题。A．Can Shopping Relieve Stress？购物可以缓解压力吗？；B．Where is Your Money Going？你的钱去哪了？；C．Shopping Habits across Generations几代人的购物习惯；D．A New Cure for Depression治疗抑郁症的新方法。故选A项。
本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了密西根大学关于购物减压的研究。研究发现购物确实能缓解压力，但它也可能会带来更大的压力。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】F、C、E、G、A
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上一句There's a lot to cope with when you go off to university."（当你离开家去上大学时，有很多事情要处理。），选项F（有新的朋友要认识，有新的责任要承担。）补充说明了离开家去上大学时会面对的情况，与上一句是并列递进关系，承接上文，衔接合理。故选F。
（2）推理判断题。根据前文It was a struggle to find the car park，let alone explore the huge campus.（找到停车场都很困难，更不用说探索这个巨大的校园了。）和Although we knew she had flatmates and phone apps to get her to fit in，the challenge ahead was clear—to find her way in an unfamiliar world.（虽然我们知道她有室友和手机应用程序让她适应环境，但前方的挑战很明显---在一个陌生的世界里找到自己的路。）可知，前文表达了目前主要的挑战是适应新环境，而不是探索校园；但根据第三段According to the researchers，that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine （多巴胺） system—setting up their brains for memorizing things.（根据研究人员的说法，这是因为探索新环境刺激了他们的多巴胺系统—建立他们的大脑来记忆东西。）可知，探索新环境对大脑记忆是有好处的，所以选项C（但探索这样的地方对记忆是有益的。）与前文有转折关系，合理引出了下文，符合语境。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据上一句Then some of them took the same walk again，while others explored a different forest.（于是，他们中的一些人又走了一次同样的路，而另一些人则探索了另一片不同的森林。）可知，前组的成员走的老路，后组的成员探索了新路；结合下一句According to the researchers，that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine（多巴胺） system—setting up their brains for memorizing things.Thus，they scored higher.（根据研究人员的说法，这是因为探索新环境刺激了他们的多巴胺系统—建立他们的大脑来记忆东西。因此，他们的得分更高。）可知，后组的成员在大脑记忆方面的测试得分更高，表现更好，与选项E（后一组在接下来的记忆测试中表现更好。）符合语境，下一句是对选项E的具体解释。故选E。
（4）联系下文题。根据下一句But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits，even if it's just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills.（但我们也许都能从中获益，即使只是通过刺激我们的感官和挑战我们的思维能力。）中的"But"和"all"和句意可知，空处应该是指某一部分人会从中获益，选项G（年轻人似乎从陌生的环境中获益最多。）表达了这层含义，与下文衔接合理。故选G。
（5）段落主题题。空处为段落主题句，根据最后两段可知，应该为祈使句，故答案选自A或B；根据下一句To warm yourself up for learning，picture a city you know well，but imagine you're tapped in a part of it that you've never visited.（为了给自己的学习热身，想象一个你熟悉的城市，但想象你身处其中一个你从未去过的地方。）可知，本段主要讲述要善于想象；选项A（沉浸在你的想象中。）与其语意相符，符合语境。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。作者通过自己女儿的例子，表达了人们在一个陌生的新的环境中，应该勇于探索和尝试的观点，作者认为这会给人们带来好处，并给出了一些具体的做法和建议。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、A、B、D、C、D、A、D、C、A、B、B、C、A、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.wandering流浪；B.leaping跳跃；C.exercising锻炼；D.dancing跳舞。句意：Misty Copeland大部分时间都在扭动、旋转和跳跃。根据下文"She takes care of her body so she doesn't（3）it when she goes to work in a ballet theatre."可知，Misty Copeland在努力练习舞蹈，此处指扭动、旋转和跳跃。故选B。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.perfects完善；B.conquers征服；C.examines检查；D.describes描述。句意：她练习和完善她的艺术优美的动作。根据下文"When she isn't performing she is practicing.When she isn't practicing，she is stretching.She takes classes almost every day."可知，Misty Copeland是为了完善自己的舞蹈动作。故选A。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.hurt伤害；B.injure使受伤；C.spoil破坏；D.abuse滥用。句意：她很注意自己的身体，以免在去芭蕾舞剧院工作时伤害到自己的身体。根据上文"She takes care of her body"可知，是为了避免伤害到自己的身体。故选B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.appearance外观；B.voice声音；C.techniques技术；D.instruments乐器。句意："我对待我的身体就像任何音乐家对待他们的乐器一样。"Misty说。根据上文"musician"可知，此处指音乐家们的乐器。故选D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.found发现；B.made制造；C.born出生；D.trained培训。句意：她天生自信吗？根据下文"Actually，she was a（6）girl and avoided the spotlight."可知，此处在问她天生就自信吗。故选C。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.humble谦逊的；B.quiet安静的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.shy害羞的。句意：事实上，她是一个害羞的女孩，回避聚光灯。根据下文"avoided the spotlight"可知，她是一个害羞的女孩。故选D。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.attend参加；B.register登记；C.learn学习；D.watch观看。句意：13岁时，Misty的老师建议她参加男孩女孩俱乐部的免费芭蕾课。根据下文"a free ballet class at the Boys&Girls Club"可知，此处指参加课程。故选A。
（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.stand up起立；B.catch up追赶；C.cut in切入；D.join in加入。句意：整整两个星期，Misty都坐在体育馆的长凳上看这门课，不敢加入其中。根据上文"For two weeks，Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class"可知，Misty仅仅是观看，不敢加入其中。故选D。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.rest休息；B.chance机会；C.try尝试；D.thought思想。句意：最后，她试了一下。根据上文"For two weeks，Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class"和下文"At first，she felt （10）in the class."可知，最后，她试了一下。故选C。
（10）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.out of place格格不入；B.out of order发生故障；C.out of mind心不在焉；D.out of control失控。句意：一开始，她觉得在班里格格不入。根据下文"She didn't know anything about ballet"可知，她感到格格不入。故选A。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.younger更年轻的；B.older年龄更大的；C.taller更高的；D.shorter更短的。句意：她对芭蕾一无所知，而且她比大多数学生都大。根据下文"Most ballerinas （女舞者） start their training much younger than thirteen."可知，她比大多数学生都大。故选B。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.meanwhile同时；B.however然而；C.moreover此外；D.thus因此。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，她开始喜欢上这些课程了。根据上文"At first，she felt（10）in the class.She didn't know anything about ballet"及下文"she began to enjoy the lessons"可知，前后句意存在转折关系，应用转折副词。故选B。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.ready准备就绪的；B.good好的；C.right合适的；D.qualified合格的。句意：她发现她的身体——尤其是她的长腿和灵活的肌肉——正好适合跳芭蕾。根据下文"especially her long legs and flexible muscles"及"After the class season ended，Misty received a scholarship to a nearby dance studio."可知，她发现她的身体正好适合跳芭蕾。故选C。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.life生活；B.major专业；C.prospect前景；D.stage阶段。句意：在接下来的五年里，芭蕾是Misty的生活。根据下文"She practiced，performed，competed and attended ballet programs."及"For the first time in my life，I felt like I belonged."可知，此处指芭蕾已成为Misty的生活。故选A。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.improved改进过的；B.calm平静的；C.free自由的；D.secure安全的。句意："表演是我最喜欢的部分，因为我在台上感到自由和开放，"她说。根据下文"For the first time in my life，I felt like I belonged."可知，她在台上感到自由和开放。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Misty Copeland的芭蕾舞团梦之旅，除了天赋以外，她的刻苦努力也是成功的一个重要因素之一。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】its
【小题2】to run
【小题3】The
【小题4】necessarily
【小题5】selected
【小题6】into
【小题7】be equipped
【小题8】clarified
【小题9】that/which
【小题10】development
【解析】（1）考查代词。句意：作为中国改革开放的先驱城市，深圳将允许全自动驾驶汽车在特定区域的道路上行驶，无需人工控制设备。此处用所给代词的形容词性物主代词修饰空后的名词kind。故填its。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：作为中国改革开放的先驱城市，深圳将允许全自动驾驶汽车在特定区域的道路上行驶，无需人工控制设备。短语allow sb./sth.to do sth意为"允许某人或某物做某事"，此处动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to run。
（3）考查冠词。句意：广东省深圳市公布了一项为中国智能互联汽车管理量身定制的新规定，定于8月1日生效。此处特指前文提到的深圳市，故用定冠词，句首首字母要大写。故填The。
（4）考查副词。句意：新规将填补国内智能联网汽车的法律空白，称汽车制造商不必为完全自动驾驶汽车配备手动驾驶模式和相应设备，也不必有人类司机。此处修饰动词短语have to应用副词necessarily。故填necessarily。
（5）考查过去分词。句意：根据深圳市人大官网公布的这项规定，这种全自动驾驶车辆只能在深圳市交通管理部门选定的特定道路和路段行驶。分析句子成分可知，此处填非谓语动词，动词select与其逻辑主语certain roads and sections存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用所给动词的过去分词作后置定语。故填selected。
（6）考查介词。句意：该规定将自动驾驶车辆分为有条件自动驾驶、高度自动驾驶、完全自动驾驶三种类型。短语classify...into...意为"将……分类为……"，为固定用法。故填into。
（7）考查被动语态。句意：有条件自动驾驶和高度自动驾驶的车辆必须有手动驾驶模式和相应的装置，并配备驾驶员。动词equip与主语Conditionally autonomous and highly autonomous vehicles存在动宾关系，又因为前面有情态动词must，故填be equipped。
（8）考查动词的时态。句意：同时，该规定明确了涉及自动驾驶的交通事故的责任和车险范围，这有望推动自动驾驶汽车的快速发展。根据Meanwhile可知，此处的谓语动词与前文的谓语动词said、classified的时态一致，故此处用一般过去时。故填clarified。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：同时，该规定明确了涉及自动驾驶的交通事故的责任和车险范围，这有望推动自动驾驶汽车的快速发展。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词是car accidents，故此处用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
（10）考查不可数名词。句意：同时，该规定明确了涉及自动驾驶的交通事故的责任和车险范围，这有望推动自动驾驶汽车的快速发展。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，此处用所给动词的名词development，作宾语，不可数。故填development。
本文是一篇说明文。广东省深圳市将率先允许全自动汽车在某些区域的特定道路上行驶，为此，该市也出台了相应的新规。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】EasyEnglish Is Waiting for You To develop our interest of learning English and make English learning easy and enjoyable for us students,I and several English lovers have set up an English learning website called easyenglish on the Internet.【高分句型一】（创立网站的目的）
A wide variety of English materials are available in this website,such as English exercises,introduction to foreign cultures and short English stories.You can also enjoy chatting in English here with other English learners so that you can improve both your oral and written English.【高分句型二】Besides,if you want to show your own English writings or share your learning experience,this website is your best choice.（网站内容及功能）
Welcome to surf this website and enjoy learning English!（号召使用）
【解析】高分句型一
To develop our interest of learning English and make English learning easy and enjoyable for us students,I and several English lovers have set up an English learning website called easyenglish on the Internet.
翻译：为了培养我们学习英语的兴趣，让我们学生的英语学习变得轻松愉快，我和几位英语爱好者在互联网上建立了一个名为easyenglish的英语学习网站。
分析：句子里，动词不定式To develop our interest of learning English and make English learning easy and enjoyable for us students作目的状语；过去分词短语called easyenglish on the Internet作an English learning website的定语。
高分句型二
You can also enjoy chatting in English here with other English learners so that you can improve both your oral and written English.
翻译：你也可以在这里用英语与其他英语学习者聊天，这样你就可以提高你的口语和书面英语。
分析：句子里，so that 引导目的状语从句ou can improve both your oral and written English。
写作时，考生要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，尽可能的使用较复杂的句子结构，尽量使用高级词汇以便得到较高的分数。写作是一个厚积薄发的过程，是一项将积累释放于一时的过程。积累越深厚，释放就越精彩；积累越科学，释放就越有效。
38.【答案】As I sat down on the bench，I pressed a key on the piano and was surprised to hear no sound .Feeling as if the whole world was watching me，I was struck dead with embarrassment.How could I perform the song without the piano？I was on pins and needles when Phyllis slowly made her way to the front of the crowd of dinners and announced in a comforting tone. 【高分句型一】 "This girl has come to sing for us but the piano seems to be a little nervous." Almost immediately，there was scattered applause and several people stepped forward to help me plug in the piano and set the microphone.With everything ready，I took a deep breath and commenced my performance.（作者表演时发现钢琴没有声音的内心的紧张以及问题解决后大家对作者的鼓励。）
Nervousness melted away and I started to enjoy the performance with the old .One woman got up and began to animatedly dance about the room.Some of the people swayed in their chairs to the beat of the music while others tapped theirs toes.The performance ended up with a storm of applause from the crowd.I realized that it was far better than a piano recital because almost everyone seemed to truly appreciate my music and I' m proud that I have the power to spread kindness to them.【高分句型二】It ended up being a blessing in disguise that the recital was canceled，leading to me sharing the gift of music with those who needed it most.（作者的演奏给老人带来的快乐和作者的感受）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者喜欢弹钢琴，也非常喜欢表演自己的歌曲，所以当年冬季独奏会被取消时，作者很失望。然而，妈妈提议去Carriage House 为老年人表演时，作者欣然同意并为之积极的做准备。
高分句型一 I was on pins and needles when Phyllis slowly made her way to the front of the crowd of dinners and announced in a comforting tone.
翻译：菲利斯慢慢地走到晚餐人群的前面，用一种安慰的语气宣布这一消息时，我如坐针毡。
分析：句中使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二 I realized that it was far better than a piano recital because almost everyone seemed to truly appreciate my music and I' m proud that I have the power to spread kindness to them.
翻译：我意识到这比钢琴独奏会要好得多，因为几乎每个人似乎都真正欣赏我的音乐，我很自豪我有能力向他们传播善意。
分析：句中使用了由连词that引导的宾语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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