精品解析：吉林省长春市第八中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试题

长春八中2022—2023学年(上)期末考试

高二英语试题

考试时间：  120分钟        分值：150

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

1. What will the speakers probably do next?

A. Walk around.     B. Make some tea.      C. Look for a cafe.

2. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Nurse and patient.     B. Husband and wife.      C. Waiter and customer 

3. Why do people come to the restaurant?

A. The prices are low.

B. The food is delicious.

C. Many famous people come here.

4. What does the man think of his new roommate?

A. Friendly and happy.    B. Sad and depressed    C. Noisy and selfish

5. How does the man get to his friend’s house?

A. By bus.      B. By car.      C. By bike

第二节(共15小题每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Where will the speakers go?

A. The woman’s office.    B. Ms Bates’ office.    C. The man’s office.

7. Who will reserve a taxi?

A. The man.      B. Ms Bates.      C. The woman.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. English learning.    B. English grammar.    C. Correcting mistakes.

9. How does the man think of English grammar?

A Easy.     B. Difficult.     C. Just so-so.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Who owns a parrot now?

A. The man.      B. The woman.      C. The woman’s father. 

11. What does the man advise the woman to have as a pet? 

A. A dog.    B. A cat.      C. A bird.

12. Why are cats popular pets?

A. They are loyal.    B. They are interesting.    C. They require little work.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What is the woman’s problem?

A. She doesn’t like chocolate.

B. She hasn’t got her teeth fixed.

C. Her teeth are sensitive to sweets

14. How does the woman take care of her teeth?

A. By brushing her teeth 3 times a day.

B. By using special toothpaste and toothbrushes.

C. By drinking sweetened iced tea and coffee.

15. How often does the woman go to the dentist?

A. Every 6 weeks.    B. Every 6 months.    C. Only when having a toothache.

16. What does the man suggest the woman do?

A Go to the dentist at once.

B. Choose foods and drinks wisely.

C. Enjoy the movie and the chocolate.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Where did the speaker have lunch?

A. On a plane.     B. Near the sea.      C. At the airport.

18. When did the speaker reach Japan according to her body clock? 

A. In the morning.    B. In the afternoon.    C. In the evening.

19. How long did the speaker have to stay awake?

A. 13 hours.     B. 24 hours.     C. 30 hours.

20. When did the speaker feel sick with jet lag?

A. In the morning.     B. In the afternoon.     C. In the evening.

第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

A

Costa Rica is a Central American country. It’s a great country to travel around and explore! Call our Costa Rica Project Consultant (顾问), Karen Herring, for free advice on which volunteer project would be best for you. +44 (0) 1903 502595.

Conservation (保护), Care and Release in Esparza

Work with a project launched by a zoological park and non-profit organization. You’ll be able to help with various kinds of work to protect these wonderful animals.

Care for Children in Kindergartens and Care Centers in Heredia

Teach and take care of children in kindergartens and care centers. You’ll care for children ranging from 2 to 5 years old. The activities are mainly based on basic English lessons and playing educational games. Apart from general caring, you can also be involved in teaching them the alphabet, colors, names of animals, etc.

Teach English and Other Subjects to Children in Schools

Teach in a few schools around Heredia and Alajuela close to the capital of San Jose or at a beach town along the Pacific Coast. You can help with English, Drama, Sport, Maths or Music, particularly if you have an interest in one of these areas. You’ll act as an assistant to the regular English teacher.

Your Bucket list for Costa Rica:

* Zip line(飞索)over the Cloud Forest

* See the Stone Spheres

* Hike to Arenal Volcano or Poas Volcano on a clear day

* Eat delicious Costa Rican desserts

* Walk through the streets of San Jose

* Book a Coffee Tour

* Visit the National Theatre and Gold Museum in San Jose

* Explore as many National Parks as possible

* Travel to Cocos Island, a World Heritage (遗产) Site

* Celebrate the Pura Vida Life

1. If you like animals, which of the following can you take part in the project in?

A. Heredia B. Alajuela. C. Esparza. D. San Jose.

2. What do volunteers who want to work in care centers in Heredia have to do?

A. Know skills in sports. B. Get along well with teenagers.

C. Help care for animals. D. Be good at English.

3. Why does the author write this text?

A. To introduce some projects in Costa Rica.

B. To attract more visitors to Costa Rica.

C. To show us different places in Costa Rica.

D. To tell us what to do to help the children in Costa Rica.

B

Contrary to popular belief, looking at someone’s face alone is not enough to tell us whether they are shouting in celebration or screaming in frustration, researchers claimed. While people may believe they have the ability to read each other’s faces, body language is the real clue that shows whether the strong emotions someone is feeling are positive or negative.

In one study, groups of participants were shown a series of facial expressions such as tennis players photographed just after winning or losing a point.

In some cases the volunteers were able to see the player’s full body, but in others they were only shown either their face or their body with the other removed.

Participants could clearly tell whether the players were winning or losing when shown the full picture or just the body, but their guesses were no better than chance when based on the face alone.

Those who were allowed to see the full image were convinced that they had made their judgment based on the players’ facial expressions even though results from the two other groups suggested otherwise.

The researchers carried out a second study where volunteers were shown a wider range of faces showing emotions including joy, pleasure, victory, pain and defeat.

Using photo editing software, the researchers attached the faces to bodies expressing the opposite emotions and asked participants to act out the emotions they saw in the photos.

The resulting poses(姿势) were like the body poses in the photographs but not the facial expressions, which means that people base their understanding of strong emotions on the body instead of the face.

Dr. Aviezer, who led the study, said, “These results show that when emotions become extremely intense, the difference between positive and negative facial expressions becomes unclear. The results may help researchers understand how the body interacts during emotional situations.”

4. Nowadays, what do most people tend to believe?

A. Someone’s body language has an effect on his feeling.

B. Reading someone’s face alone cannot tell us his feeling.

C. Someone’s body language is the only clue to his feeling.

D. Someone’s feeling can be read by his facial expressions alone.

5. In the first study, how many kinds of photos were shown to participants?

A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.

6. What does the underlined phrase mean according to the passage?

A. Not clear. B. Always perfect.

C. Almost not correct. D. Quite different

7. What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Facial expressions can reflect the emotions clearly.

B. Body language rather than facial expressions is the window of the soul.

C. Researchers link emotions to body language instead of eyes.

D Two studies focus on the link between body language and facial expressions.

C

We truly are what we eat—and what our ancestors ate. Food has changed who we are and how we developed for hundreds of thousands of years. From processing to preserving to cooking, what humans did and continued to do to food played a big role in shaping our evolution. “Processed food isn’t just a modern invention, created in factories from artificial ingredients. It is as old as humanity itself and may have helped create our species,” wrote Nicola Temple, author of “Best Before: The Evolution and Future of Processed Food,” for the BBC.

Although processing is viewed negatively nowadays, it was important to our development as a species. Processing doesn’t necessarily mean adding chemicals—it also includes pounding(捣碎) or slicing or changing the food in any way before eating. Compared to our ancestors, modern human teeth, jaws and faces have gotten smaller relative to overall skull (头骨) size because of making food easier to chew, especially from cooking.

Cooking food was one of the biggest changes in human history. Researchers believe it could have occurred between 1.8 million and 400,000 years ago, Harvard professor Richard Wrangham said, according to “National Geographic.” Cooking increases the energy and nutrients we get from food. Without cooking, an average person would have to eat around 5 kilos of raw food to survive—and we’d have to spend most of the day chewing.

Also, up to 50 percent of women who only eat raw foods develop a condition that signals that the body cannot support a pregnancy—a major problem from an evolutionary angle, according to “Scientific American.” Processing food led to a huge gain in free time. The less time people spent chewing, the more time they had to develop complex spoken language.

Cooking food also breaks down its cells, so our stomachs need to work less to absorb the nutrients our bodies require, which, said Professor Peter Wheeler from Liverpool John Moores University, UK, “freed up energy that could then be used to power a larger brain. The increase in brain size mirrors the reduction in the size of the gut (肠道).” Processed food literally shaped us as a species and made us human—the only species on Earth who can cook.

8. What is the author’s view about food processing?

A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Unclear.

9. What result can cooking bring to people?

A. Making people gain more weight. B. Making people burn more energy.

C. Making people chew for more time D. Making people save time when chewing.

10. Which of the following is the advantage of cooking for women?

A. They can have babies more easily. B. They can learn new languages.

C. They spend less time in processing food. D. They have more time to do what they like.

11. What is the best title for the text?

A. Whether we should process food. B. Food and human evolution.

C. The benefits of cooking food. D. The way we cook food changes.

D

When you look through Facebook, you can see posts about simple stretches to make the back pain less, how to make apple pie, and how to be single and happy. Or if you go on Youtube, you can find fashion experts talking about makeup tips, or Youtubers teaching playing the guitar. But those stretching exercises, the way to make apple pie, how to be happy being single, how to make up, and how to play the guitar better are things that most people never master doing at the end.

Technology has brought a surplus (过剩) of information to the world, but it hasn’t made people smarter. On average, people spend 50 minutes per day on Facebook alone. Being exposed to this surplus information is not the same as internalizing (内在化) the information really, so it doesn’t make people better at thinking, understanding and learning.

Today, the quality of the knowledge is sacrificed for quantity. There’s disequilibrium between the information we access and the information that we use. The chase (追求) for more information is exciting too. The desire to keep up sends most people looking through Facebook on a frequent basis. People are troubled by the fear of missing out. Most are up to date on impressive stories, and are sharing like mad on Facebook and WhatsApp, but convenient access to knowledge is no replacement for deep learning through effort and concentration. Only very little of the easily-accessed information have people really applied in their lives.

While it’d be perfect to absorb and apply 100% of the information, it’s not quite possible. If you want to hang onto information for a long time, you’ll need to be selective about what you choose to absorb.

Get a brain filter (过滤器). Looking through the Internet is a passive form of knowledge acquisition (知识的获得). The amount of information that you can access is always going to be more than you can process. To focus on the information you take in, remove the information that doesn’t make you become better than before. What must you learn to be successful? Taking this simple step enables you to pass over unrelated information.

Knowledge isn’t useful until you can apply it. If you are trying to learn a new skill, you’ll have to do the things that you’ve read about in your research. Until you’ve made many attempts to master the ski-trick you saw on Youtube, you haven’t internalized it. When you can land the trick without thinking or recall information without struggling, it is yours. True learning is not always easy. You’ll experience struggles as you deal with new challenges and go through the Digital Age.

12. Why doesn’t exposure to the surplus information make people smarter?

A Because people take in some useless information.

B. Because people ignore the real value of information

C. Because people don’t master the information truly.

D. Because people have no ability to select useful information.

13. What does the underlined word “disequilibrium” mean?

A. Division. B. Link. C. Comparison. D. Imbalance.

14. What do you know about the brain filter?

A. It will help you update the information.

B. It will make the brain absorb more information.

C. Its purpose is to filter out information that won’t improve you.

D. It can bring some unrelated information to the brain.

15. What does the example of skiing in Para.6 suggest?

A. Information should be taken into the real world and be applied.

B. Knowledge is only meant to be known, not be applied.

C. Information absorption differs from practical application.

D. Most people have never learned how to learn properly.

第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

There are so many more uses for lemons than just being a sweetener for your water (although there are some great health benefits of lemon water). The beloved fruit can act as a cleaning solution, a beauty fix, and even a teeth whitening solution. ____16____?

By just breathing in the smell of a lemon, ____17____. Some of these include reduced anxiety levels and stress, an overall calming feeling, increased alertness (警觉), reduction of blood pressure, and increased productivity.

“The ‘health benefits’ that everyone are talking about is actually just the effect of aromatherapy (芳香疗法),”Diane Elizabeth, founder of Skin Care Ox, told “Reader’s Digest ”. “The idea is that if you place slices of a lemon next to your bed, ____18____. Lemon has been used as a powerful aromatherapy basic oil for ages and they have been considered to be related to such benefits as increased concentration, reduced stress levels (most likely the result of increased serotonin (血清素) production), and a comforting effect on the breathing system.”

While most of the benefits of sleeping with a cut lemon next to you are health-related, ____19____. One of them is keeping ants away—if you have an ant problem, simply put the cut lemon’s juice near or around any possible entry.

Lemons also act as natural air fresheners—so while that lemon is near your bed ____20____, freshening the air around you and providing natural aromatherapy.

A. it’s playing double duty

B. there’s a couple of other benefits, too

C. how can lemons have so many benefits

D. your body experiences most of its beneficial purposes

E. then you will breathe in the slight smell of lemons at night

F. Have we not succeeded in convincing you that you need more lemons in your life

G. But did you know that sleeping next to a cut lemon can get some of these benefits as well

第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)

It was Christmas Eve. Arriving home, I was greeted with a lot of unattractive mail, which ____21____ an otherwise neat dining room table set ____22____ the evening meal. The first letter was an unexpected bill, and then there was the ____23____ of a parking fine(罚金) to pay. I was feeling pretty ____24____ at this stage.

Then, from the pile, I noticed a smaller, distinctive envelope and immediately I was ____25____. I opened it quickly and a pretty Christmas card slid out. To my ____26____, it was from my three-year-old son. It says, “Merry Christmas! Daddy, you are always the best! I love you!” I was ____27____ to tears. What’s more, I later found out that the card had been ____28____ prayerfully(虔诚地)for several weeks before Christmas. And it reached my hand at the ____29____ time. I knew my son wrote this card with my wife’s _____30_____, but it was just what he really felt. It is a small gift but the small thing _____31_____ love. It has really improved our family _____32_____.

The small gift costs only a little money and time _____33_____ many of us forget to do it or are _____34_____ to do it. Why not? Not only are family members _____35_____ by the words in cards, but also the family relationship becomes more harmonious. Small gifts prove to be of great significance for inspiring people to march on their journeys in life.

21. A. added to B. belonged to C. made up D. messed up

22. A. after B. for C. under D. without

23. A. advertisement B. picture C. reminder D. sign

24. A. upset B. good C. calm D. embarrassed

25. A. mad B. worried C. curious D. frightened

26. A. disappointment B. regret C. satisfaction D. surprise

27. A. moved B. troubled C. impressed D. hurt

28. A. translated B. kept C. known D. studied

29. A. wrong B. same C. right D. first

30. A. permission B. inspection C. care D. assistance

31. A. requires B. deserves C. communicates D. gains

32. A. size B. time C. income D. relationship

33. A. so B. but C. and D. though

34. A. unwilling B. afraid C. glad D. ready

35. A. informed B. encouraged C. warned D. instructed

第二节(共10 小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的 正确形式。

A herd(兽群) of 14 wild Asian elephants ____36____ (wander) around in Southwest China’s Yunnan province is approaching their traditional habitat.

At about 8 pm on August 8, these elephants crossed the Yuanjiang River with artificial guidance, according to the headquarters (总部) in charge of observing their migration.

The herd could not have crossed the Yuanjiang River without help as the water level rises in the rainy season. More efforts will be made ____37____ (ensure) the security of the herd on their way back, according to the headquarters.

It ____38____ (be) around 17 months since the herd left their ____39____ (origin) habitat in a nature reserve in Yunnan’s Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture.

Wild Asian elephants, a species in ____40____ rainforest, are under A-level state ____41____ (protect) in China. They mainly feed ____42____ understory (下层) plants such as wild bananas. They can ____43____ (replace) by numerous non-edible woody plants ____44____ (gradual) that facilitate forest expansion, said Xiang Ruwu, a wildlife official with the local bureau of forestry. Thanks to stronger environmental and wildlife conservation efforts, they have paved the way for saving the wild elephants, _____45_____ population in the country has grown to about 300 so far.

第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46. 假定你是李华，得知你校交换生Jack在寻找一名汉语学习搭档 （Chinese study partner）。请你给他写一封应征信，内容包括：

1. 写信目的；

2. 个人简介（性格优点、语言优势等）；

3. 期待回复。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Jack,

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节(满分25分)

47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

I went out to have lunch this morning to meet an old friend. We made a date in a small and peaceful restaurant. We hadn’t seen each other for some time. So I was looking forward to it, and thought it would be a lovely lunch and a wonderful conversation. I dressed myself in my favorite dress and did my hair up. Everything seemed perfect.

When my old friend and I were seated, we first ordered our meal. But there seemed to be something wrong with the lady who took our order. Her expression was horrible and she said rudely, “What’s your order?” “A dish of fish and some rice”, I told her our order in a gentle voice. She took my order and gave me the same unfriendly attitude as she had given to others.

The woman’s bad attitude made me uncomfortable. Considering that I didn't want anything to destroy the happy moods that we had, I didn't say anything else.

As my friend and I were having our meal and talking about the things that happened before, my mind didn’t focus on our talking. I just noticed the lady’s behaviors to other customers. She was not in a good mood and she got into a fight with a customer but I didn’t know why.

When it came to my turn to approach her I thought to myself, “What can I do here to make her mood changed and make her smile?” And I didn’t want her attitude to spoil the whole warm atmosphere in this small peaceful restaurant.

Surely there must be something I could sincerely compliment (赞扬) her on. Then there it was and I knew instantly. I said to her, “Madam, I don’t know what made you so unhappy, but I know that you must have the most incredibly well spoken and clear voice. It is so good. Like incredibly good.” That was what I could compliment her on.

Paragraph 1:

When she heard what I had said, her whole face lit up.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

I went back to my seat and I noticed the lady’s whole attitude changed.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________