北京高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份北京高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共47页。
阅读理解
Vaccines (疫苗) may soon make their first film appearance. Led by expert Maria A．Croyle, researchers have developed a thin sheet that preserves vaccines for long periods without refrigeration. This means the carefully cooled small bottles now used to ship vaccines could potentially be replaced by lightweight films that can be mailed in an envelope and stored on a shelf.
Croyle’s laboratory began developing the technology in 2007. Inspired by amber’s ability to preserve the DNA of insects, the researchers set out to create their own version of the substance by mixing “a lot of sugar and a little bit of salt, much like hard candy”, Croyle explains. The vaccine-containing film is administered by mouth — sweet news for many who dislike needles.
The film is tailored to suit each specific vaccine candidate and provide a protective coating. “We’ve learned over time that the key to really stabilizing whatever the film holds is to have it intermixed with all the components,” Croyle says, adding that the process is quick and uses affordable, standard equipment. “We really wanted to come up with something that would be transferable to developing countries.”
Immunization (免疫) programs depend heavily on keeping vaccines cold (2℃ — 8℃) as they are transported, sometimes over thousands of kilometers to far-away locations. Delivery can be difficult and costly, and transport disruptions can cause the vaccines to be ineffective.
But this new product can store live viruses, bacteria and antibodies for several months at 20℃. In a paper published in Science Advances, the scientists show that the live viruses in one vaccine were preserved in the film even after 36 months. They also find that a flu vaccine suspended in their film compares favourably with a traditional flu shot (流感预防针). “The study demonstrates early proof of concept for an exciting platform for vaccine product development,” says Lisa Rohan, a pharmacologist, who was not involved in the study. She also notes that each vaccine type would need a custom formulation (配方) for future stages of development.
Finding partners to mass-produce for clinical trials is the researchers’ most pressing problem, Croyle says. They are also exploring packaging methods to keep their films stable up to 40℃.
Size is a major advantage — a letter-sized sheet of the film can carry more than 500 doses (剂) of vaccine, about 1/900 the weight of the same amount of traditional doses. By making it easier and cheaper to ship and preserve vaccines efficiently, Croyle says, the technology could vastly improve immunization rates the world over, particularly in middle- to low-income countries.
1．What can we learn about the film?
A．It contains animal’s DNA． B．It will replace vaccines.
C．It comes in different flavours. D．It can hold bio-products.
2．The author mentions Lisa Rohan’s words to ______.
A．advise personalizing vaccines
B．suggest the product is promising
C．prove the study is supported widely
D．stress the functions of a new platform
3．What will be the next urgent task for Croyle’s team?
A．Advertising the film worldwide. B．Improving the film’s capacity.
C．Reducing the shipping cost. D．Seeking ideal manufacturers.

A question has increasingly bothered me since I began studying our relationship with technology two decades ago: Will we ever pay attention again? The concern arose from measuring the shrinking attention spans in various work roles. Whether we’re talking about a Gen Z or a baby boomer, a CEO or an administrative assistant, attention spans on our computers and phones are short and declining.
We tend to blame this trend on growing digital alerts and notifications, or on algorithms aimed at capturing our focus. These do play measurable roles. But it turns out that people are nearly as likely to switch their attention of their own volition. We are determined to be interrupted, if not by others, then by ourselves. Simply choosing to check our email is a major reason for interruptions. Our research found that, on average, people check their inboxes 77 times a day. More than 40% of the time, they do it willingly, without being spurred by any alert.
Are we doomed to see our attention spans nosedive? Completely unplugging from technology might help us recover, but few of us are ready to give up the benefits of online connections. There are possible remedies, however, if not real solutions.
First, we can become more intentional in our actions by examining the reasons behind: Am I distracting myself because I am bored? Are there other options? Taking proper breaks is also important; research shows that even a 20-minute walk in nature can lead us to increase our generation of ideas. Finally, people can plan to concentrate on important tasks when their mental resources are at their peak for avoiding distraction.
Institutional decisions can also help us to preserve attention. It’s not realistic to cut off email completely, but the volume can be reduced. We found that cutting email off in an organization for one workweek helped people focus longer on screens and reduced stress. Companies with an email-free day a week have reported positive results.
The German companies Volkswagen and Allianz have gone a step further and adopted a policy called “Right to Disconnect”. Actually, this policy of not punishing workers for failing to answer e-communications after work hours has been instituted in Ireland and France. How does this help? A 2017 study found afterhours work communications created emotional exhaustion, and a 2014 study showed detaching from work can improve sleep. The study found when sleep deficits increase, attention spans decrease.
Our online behavior is greatly influenced by the wider culture and the ever more sophisticated tools of digital technology, but we can’t just blame our short attention spans on algorithms and notifications that flood in. We still own our attention, and we can take change into our own hands.
4．In paragraph 2, the author mentions the result of the research to show that________.
A．we are likely to interrupt ourselves in most cases
B．people will sometimes voluntarily seek distraction
C．people are constantly interrupted by email from others
D．digital alerts are not to blame for the reduced concentration
5．What can be inferred about the two German companies before the introduction of the “Right to Disconnect” policy?
A．The companies used to punish workers for not staying connected after work.
B．The employees of these companies were generally not satisfied with their job.
C．Their employees had lower sleep quality compared to those in France and Ireland.
D．The companies refused to adopt the policy because they wanted to make more profits.
6．What can we conclude about digital technology from the passage?
A．It’s up to us human beings to decide how much we want to be distracted by it.
B．We can adjust our online behavior by making some changes to digital culture.
C．Standards must be set to ensure that we do not fall victim to its negative effects.
D．The impact of digital technology on our lives can be extended by cultural behavior.

Top Apps For Climate Activists
The world population is at 7 billion and it’s predicted that by the end of this year there will be one smartphone for every five people in the world. That’s a lot of phones and a lot of information literally at our fingertips.
Information is constantly changing and those of us working hard to protect the environment for ourselves and future generations need to have access to up-to-date material. Being a climate change activist can be time consuming. But there’s an app (or ten) for that! The number of apps out there is staggering.
With these apps you’ll be amazed at how easy it is to stay in the know when it comes to your health, and the health of the environment.

Carbon Emissions Calculator (CEC) for Air Travel (iOS-Free) This app allows passengers to estimate the carbon emissions attributed to their air travel. It is simple to use—just select your origin and destination airports, specify the class of travel and number of passengers. View the carbon footprint and the distance traveled for your trip.

Fooducate (iOS and Android-$4. 99) This app empowers food shoppers everywhere to make healthy, informed decisions while at the supermarket. Scan your food and Fooducate generates a letter grade (A, B, C, or D) for each product scanned, along with brief explanations and warnings about its nutrients and ingredients. There is also an option to enter the bar code manually. The app will recommend minimally processed, real foods which are naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants.

Locavore (iOS and Android-Free) If you’re looking for the closest farmers market selling your favorite in season produce, then Locavore is the app for you. Locavore is a great app for those searching for local, in season, organic foods in your area. The app has one-click access to thousands of healthy, seasonal recipes and other information that can be shared with your friends and family. I like how the app not only lets you know which fruits and veggies are in season—it also lets you know how long they’ll be in season.

Zimride (iOS and Android-Free) Ridesharing apps are all the rage. Zimride is a new spin on ridesharing, using social networks to enable real connections. Once you set up a profile you are able to book a ride in your area, or post a ride of your own. Drivers can charge for rides and Zimride doesn’t take a cut. Rides seem to be reasonably priced and since profiles are linked with Facebook it’s easy to check out your potential ride companions.
7．According to this text, the author recommends APPs because________.
A．those APPs could help people gain the up-to-date material
B．those APPs could forecast the changing climate accurately
C．those APPs could help people who have a fast-paced lifestyle
D．those APPs are free for those people who have a designated phone
8．If you want to find in season foods, which Apps should you download?
A．Zimride. B．Fooducate. C．Locavore. D．CEC for Air Travel.
9．What can we learn about the APPs mentioned in this passage?
A．Zimride will charge for rides and then take a cut.
B．Locavore can tell us which fruits and meat are in season.
C．CEC for Air Travel can calculate the accurate carbon emissions of passengers.
D．Fooducate will recommend minimally processed foods naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants.

When my father died, one of the tasks that fell to me was to sort through and decide which objects to save and which to throw away. Now I look at the objects of my life as if I were dead, wondering, what will my children do with the human skull that sits on the bookcase? They’ve been wanting to throw it out for some years, but will they know how much can be learned from living with a skull? And I know they will throw the white plastic head of a horse on my desk into a rubbish bag without a thought, never knowing that it is the only piece remaining from the first chess set I owned. It is me at age twelve.
But the final decisions are left to those who know us least — our children. I was the closest to my father and knew him well; however, only when I was going through his study did I learn he had collected picture postcards of hotels. What was I to do with all the objects that had been him? The sad part of me wanted to put everything in my car and take it home. The rational won, however, and I filled rubbish bags with old newspapers, magazines, apologizing to his spirit as I did. I could not throw out the thousands of pictures he had taken on his travels. I brought the pictures home, though I will never look at them. I brought twelve boxes of my father home.
I look at the objects that are my life and the only way my children can satisfy me is by not touching a thing. But they must if I am to go on with my death. And I wonder how many boxes of me will my children keep? I look at these objects that are me and know, too, that they are symbols of how alone I and each of us is, for no one knows what any object means except he or she who owns it. Every object of our lives is a memory, and emotion surrounds around it, hiding and protecting a tiny truth of the heart. Only I have the memories of when and how each one was obtained; I look at the objects that are me, and the memories are warm and permeated (弥漫) with love.
10．Why does the writer keep the plastic head of a horse?
A．Because his father gave it to him as a gift.
B．Because it makes him a very good chess player.
C．Because it brings back memories of his childhood.
D．Because he accepted it as a prize for a competition.
11．How did the writer deal with the remaining objects of his father after he died?
A．He threw everything away.
B．He saved some of the worthless objects.
C．He took some of them to his own house.
D．He sorted them and put them into good order.
12．What do we know about the writer?
A．He is very strict with his children.
B．He prefers to collect different skulls.
C．He relies on his children to deal with his possessions.
D．He knows more about his father after his father died.
13．According to the last paragraph, the objects we save ________.
A．serve as the symbols of our social class B．are reminders of past experiences
C．are quite expensive and valuable D．make us proud of ourselves

A heavy feeling on the chest. A throat that’s leaden. An overwhelming feeling of isolation. Loneliness hurts—and, over time, it can put the body into a state that increases our risk of everything from heart attack and stroke to diabetes and cancer. So, evolutionarily speaking, why do we experience it?
Stephanie Cacioppo, a neuroscientist at the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, says that countless studies have helped researchers formulate a holistic(全面的)purpose for loneliness. “Our social structures evolved hand in hand with neural, hormonal and genetic mechanisms to support these social structures—like couples, tribes and communities—that help us survive and reproduce,” says Cacioppo. Because while loneliness may be painful to experience today, for our prehistoric ancestors that pain would have been a far better alternative to being caught alone with a predator on the prowl(潜行).
Being social had its downsides even back then—competition for food, for example, or contribution to the spread of pathogens(病原体). But scientists think we evolved to feel loneliness because it was more important to work with one another to accomplish tasks and to protect everyone. “The pain of loneliness prompted us to renew the social structure so we could survive and promote key features like trust, cooperation and collective action, explains Cacioppo.
For years, researchers thought of loneliness as a disease. But now, they’re realizing that it’s more of a biological hunger signal that reminds us when it’s time to reconnect with those around us to promote our short-term survival. If the outcomes of loneliness were entirely negative, it would no longer be a part of our DNA．“Hunger and thirst protect our physical body while loneliness protects our social body,” says Cacioppo.
Loneliness impacts us all differently. Some of us may find certain situations lonely even while others don’t. There’s also a genetic component: Some of us are born to feel lonelier than others. Other factors play a role, too. The way we were treated as children can also inform how lonely we feel as adults. Lonely people spend most of their time deep within their own imaginations; they may conceptualize social encounters so much, in fact, that this part of their brain is in overdrive. That means even though they may be desperate to form connections, when they’re around other people, they’re actually less likely to be present.
14．As for loneliness, which would the author agree with?
A．It can lead to serious mental problems in adulthood.
B．It holds potential risks and disadvantages to individuals.
C．It may reflect a person’s strong desire to have social bonds.
D．It is perceived in the same way as it is demonstrated by our DNA．
15．Scientists believe that loneliness is______.
A．beneficial but risky B．painful but necessary
C．natural and powerful D．personal and harmful
16．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．Humans evolved to be lonely. B．Loneliness is a curable disease.
C．Loneliness is a personal feeling. D．Humans need to address loneliness.

A video circulated on social media earlier this year, showing a tourist opening the door of a vehicle, reaching out an arm and attempting to stroke a passing lioness. The lioness shrugged him off, but it could have easily gone horribly wrong.
Reckless behaviour around wildlife risks the safety of both people and animals. People risk being attacked, mauled (撕咬) and possibly killed, while animals can be harmed, removed or put down, irrespective of whether they were only defending themselves. Animal attacks can also cast a destination in a negative light, causing temporary closures or scaring off visitors. All just so someone could boast that they had stroked a lion or captured a moment on a camera phone.
“Tourists are getting more and more reckless around wildlife and the source of the problem is social media.” says wildlife photographer Anette Mosshachers. “People risking their lives or doing stupid things with wildlife are after ‘likes’ and followers, something to show off on social media,” says Mossbacher. “The greater the risk, the more ‘likes’ they get. With some clients, it seems like a sickness or addiction.”
Yet social media is not entirely to blame. People have always taken risks for an experience. Foolish behavior and a tendency to get cocky around dangerous animals must have been around since the dawn of humanity. A hunger for attention online might drive some of the current madness, but some individuals might be trying to recreate a piece of the action they have seen on television. Perhaps the adrenaline (肾上腺激素) rush when close to wild animals causes an evaporation of common sense.
“There’s a worrying lack of awareness that animals several times our size, weight, speed and strength can easily hurt us,”says wildlife photographer David Lloyd. “I don’t think parks are doing enough to raise awareness. Tourists need to know how their presence can affect wildlife. A good example is cheetahs (猎豹) on vehicle rooftops. It may be a thrill for the bystanders, but the consequences if a mother cheetah falls off would be severe. She would no longer be able to hunt, so her cubs could easily starve.”
“People aren’t getting the education about why they need to stay away from wildlife, including avoiding diseases, keeping people secure and letting wildlife be wild,” says Philip Muruthi, vice president of species conservation and science for the African Wildlife Foundation. “We need to educate tourists through signs, pamphlets and frontline drivers. We should stick to guidelines, and there needs to be enforcement through the law.”
17．What can we learn about reckless behaviour around wildlife?
A．It harms tourists more than animals.
B．It enables tourists to get intimate with animals.
C．It may bring more profits to a tourist destination.
D．It may get animals killed for defending themselves.
18．As for Mossbacher’s opinion on what drives people’s reckless behavior, the author is______.
A．sympathetic B．disapproving
C．doubtful D．indifferent
19．What does the underlined word “cocky” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Selfish. B．Frightened.
C．Arrogant. D．Shocked.
20．What can we conclude from the passage?
A．Parks are expected to take more responsibilities for educating tourists.
B．Raising tourists’ awareness means stressing the danger of animals to them.
C．More regulation of the tourist industry is the key to raising tourists’ awareness.
D．Penalties rather than education can stop people taking silly risks around wildlife.

The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always respectful of the other students’ perspectives, as if each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile—and he left with one too.
“These students gave me the confidence that I didn’t need to feel bad about my age,” Valencia says.
One day, I spotted Valencia on campus. He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class.
Sure, I said. But he wouldn’t get any credit.
No problem, he said.
Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class.
A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,”says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go.
There is something splendidly unreasonable about Valencia’s determination to get a four-year degree and then a master’s. At his current pace, he’ll be 90 when he finally hangs all that paper on the wall. But that doesn’t seem especially relevant. He’s found all the youthful energy and academic opportunity stimulating. Valencia’s grade in my class this semester will not show up on his transcripts(成绩单). But I’m giving him an A—and in the most important ways, it counts.
21．What made Valencia different from his classmates?
A．He was respectful to the teacher.
B．He activated the class atmosphere.
C．He was eager to learn despite his age.
D．He often put forward different opinions.
22．According to the author, why did Valencia continue to attend classes?
A．He treasured the chance of learning.
B．He wished to show his determination.
C．He needed the credits to further his study.
D．He desired to have an A on his transcripts.
23．Which of the following best describes Valencia?
A．Modest and independent. B．Energetic and generous.
C．Enthusiastic and motivated. D．Considerate and intelligent.
24．What can we learn from the passage?
A．No pains, no gains. B．It is never too old to learn.
C．Strike the iron while it is hot. D．Where there is life, there is hope.

Spend six nights working with rangers (护林员) while helping to preserve Yosemite National Park!
Yosemite is one of the world’s most beloved national parks. As volunteers in Yosemite Valley, we help rangers fix trails and repair fragile natural resources. No previous experience necessary, our leaders provide the training we need to complete the work at hand.
Activities
Volunteers should be comfortable hiking up to two miles each day. To assess your fitness, you are required to hike stairs for 2-3 miles with a daypack weighing 10-15 pounds at the fitness test.
What’s Included
All meals from dinner on Day 1 through breakfast on Day 7; campground reservations; group tools; transportation from campground to work sites; orientation and training; park entrance fees.
Accommodations
Camping, 6 nights (bring your own tent).
Your Adventure Itinerary(日程)
▶Day 1
Meet for orientation and enjoy a welcome dinner. An orientation meeting will be conducted to provide volunteers with an overview of the scheduled work projects as well as training in proper tool use and safety.
▶Days 2-5
Working with park rangers, assist in trail maintenance and restoration. During these three days, we plan to work from 9 a. m. - 4 p. m. with an hour scheduled for lunch. We return to Yellow Pines Campground each evening for dinner and relaxation.
▶Day 6
Explore Yosemite National Park on your much deserved rest day. Challenge yourself on a hike up the Mist Trail, relax by the Merced River, or read a book in a peaceful meadow — this day is all yours.
▶Day 7
Depart Yosemite for home. Volunteers wishing to stay longer may make reservations at other campgrounds or lodging in the park.
25．In the Yosemite Volunteer Project, volunteers are supposed to ______.
A．replace the rangers
B．help tourists carry daypacks
C．have relevant working experience
D．restore easily damaged natural resources
26．What is included in the volunteer program package?
A．Personal camping equipment.
B．Transportation from home to work sites.
C．All meals and accommodation in a hotel.
D．Campground bookings and park admission fees.
27．What is the recommended activity during the rest day of the project?
A．Relaxing by a river. B．Guiding a reading activity.
C．Participating in a guided hike. D．Assisting at an orientation meeting.

Delivering life-saving drugs directly to the brain in a safe and effective way is a challenge for medical providers. One key reason: the blood-brain barrier, which protects the brain from tissue-specific drug delivery. Methods such as an injection or a pill aren’t as precise or immediate as doctors might prefer, and ensuring delivery right to the brain often requires invasive, risky techniques.
A team of engineers from Washington University in St. Louis has developed a new nano-particle generation-delivery method that could someday vastly improve drug delivery to the brain, making it as simple as a sniff.
“This would be a nano-particle nasal spray, and the delivery system could allow medicine to reach the brain within 30 minutes to one hour,” said Ramesh Raliya, research scientist at the School of Engineering & Applied Science.
“The blood-brain barrier protects the brain from foreign substances in the blood that may injure the brain,” Raliya said. “ But when we need to deliver something there, getting through that barrier is difficult and invasive. Our non-invasive technique can deliver drugs via nano-particles, so there’s less risk and better response times.”
The novel approach is based on aerosol science and engineering principles that allow the generation of mono-disperse nano-particles, which can deposit on upper regions of the nasal cavity via spread. The nano-particles were tagged with markers, allowing the researchers to track their movement.
Next, researchers exposed locusts’ antenna to the aerosol, and observed the nano-particles travel from the antennas up through the olfactory nerve, which is used to sense the smell. Due to their tiny size, the nano-particles passed through the brain-blood barrier, reaching the brain and spreading all over it in a matter of minutes.
The team tested the concept in locusts because the blood-brain barriers in the insects and humans have similarities. “The shortest and possibly the easiest path to the brain is through your nose,” said Barani Raman, associate professor of biomedical engineering. “Your nose, the olfactory bulb and then olfactory cortex: two steps and you’ve reached the cortex.”
To determine whether or not the foreign nano-particles disrupted normal brain function, Saha examined the physiology response of olfactory neurons in the locusts before and after the nano-particle delivery and found no noticeable change in the electro-physiological responses was detected.
This is only a beginning of a set of studies that can be performed to make nano-particle-based drug delivery approaches more principled, Raman said. The next phase of research involves fusing the gold nano-particles with various medicines, and using ultrasound to target a more precise dose to specific areas of the brain, which would be especially beneficial in brain-tumor cases.
28．What is the passage mainly about?
A．A novel method of drug delivery. B．A challenge facing medical staff.
C．A new medicine treating brain disease. D．A technique to improve doctor’s ability.
29．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Doctors prefer using methods like an injection to treat diseases.
B．Locusts were tagged with markers to track their movement.
C．The blood-brain barrier lowers the effectiveness of a pill.
D．The medicine could reach the brain within half an hour.
30．The researchers focused their study on locusts because .
A．human and locusts have similar structures that protect brain from foreign substances
B．the delivery process consists of the olfactory bulb and the olfactory cortex
C．locusts have changeable electrophysiological responses to nanoparticles
D．the shortest and possibly the safest path to the brain is through human’s noses

All the Light We Cannot See is about a blind girl named Marie-Laure, who lives in Paris, France, in the 1930s. When the Nazis invade in 1940, she and her father are forced to leave the city. They escape to a countryside town to hide with Marie-Laure’s great uncle, Etierine. After several months, Marie-Laure’s father gets arrested. She continues to live with Etienne, and they start passing on secret signals to aid the French Resistance movement.
Werner Pfennig is a German orphan with a hobby of listening to science and music programs on an old radio. Developing a talent for fixing radios, he is later hired by the Nazis to help them track enemy radio signals during the war. One day, he picks up a signal that is coming from Etienne’s home in France.
Anyway, Maric-Laure and Werner meet and develop a strong relationship. Can these poor souls find a way to escape this horrible war together?
Anthony Doerr is an American author from Cleveland, Ohio. Critics have praised Doerr’s writing for his short, sharp sentences and attention to detail. All the Light We Cannot See is his second novel, which was published in 2014. It quickly became a New York Times best-seller and won a Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.
The amazing novel gives readers a look at the ugly face of war. Throughout the book, we see how war can destroy people’s lives in the blink (眨眼) of an eye. Characters such as Etienne and Marie-Laure’s father disappear in an instant and are never heard from again. However, war is also shown to bring out the best in people. The characters who survive must show great courage and strength when they face challenges.
Another important idea is the importance of science and technology. Doerr suggests that technologies, such as the radio, are helpful to society if they are used with good intentions. However, if technologies fall into the hands of evil (邪恶), they can cause great destruction.
31．How does Marie-Laure and Etienne help fight against Nazis?
A．By providing information. B．By joining French army.
C．By tracking radio signals. D．By making their life public.
32．Anthony Doerr’s writings are highly thought of because .
A．they are short in length B．they are full of interesting details
C．he is a prize winner D．he is economical with words
33．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Science and technology should be valued. B．War destroys everything on its way.
C．Technology is a double-edge sword. D．Technology plays a key role in war.
34．In which section of a magazine is the passage most likely to be seen?
A．Great Writers. B．Book Club.
C．Everyday Hero. D．Hit Movies.

Become a Competent Medical Writer in 4 Weeks!
Hurry! This offer ends soon! Claim your spot TODAY!
Three years ago, I started a family and have experienced financial stress since then. I could pay my bills alright, but that was all I could do. I couldn’t even afford a family holiday.
Fortunately, I discovered medical writing. I learned that it was about writing scientific documents. And I felt I had the necessary skills to start medical writing as a side hustle (副业). By the end of the year, I had my first contract as a freelance medical writer. I felt really secure financially and career-wise.
Today, we’ve observed more medical writers are wanted. So, in collaboration with some colleagues, we’ve prepared the most important lessons to help you become a competent medical writer: (By Alex)
The Complete Medical Writing Training
This online course is perfect for people with a life science degree. Here’s the full course outline.
Week 1 The scientific writing process
Introduction to medical writing: Learn about medical writing and decide your path The writing process: How to write the scientific document in four simple steps Researching to write: Find reliable sources easily to inform your medical writing and identify brilliant ideas from the literature
Week 2 Writing effectively
Outlining to write: The simplest strategy to structure any document perfectly for easier writing and better flow
Referencing: Learn when to cite and how to use common referencing styles and automate your referencing using online tools
Week 3 Other essentials
Scientific research: Update yourself on various clinical research approaches, designs and methods for better medical writing output
Essential biostatistics: How to use common statistical terms from the medical literature correctly in your writing
Week 4 Writing assignments
There are 8 marked writing assignments with feedback to help you improve your writing.
35．Why did Alex start medical writing?
A．To improve medical skills. B．To have more leisure time.
C．To get out of financial trouble. D．To prepare for the writing training.
36．What will people learn by attending the courses?
A．The ways of evaluating the assignments.
B．The steps of writing a scientific document.
C．The skills in using online writing correction tools.
D．The strategies for structuring medical knowledge.
37．What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A．To attract people to the training course.
B．To share the content of the writing course.
C．To introduce the benefits of medical writing.
D．To emphasize the importance of medical writing.


As college sports continue to be hugely popular and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) brings in large amounts of money, people have restarted the discussion on whether college athletes should get paid.
Supporters of the idea believe that, because college athletes are bringing in audiences, they should receive some sort of compensation (补偿). In fact, the NCAA brings in about $1 billion income a year, but college athletes don’t receive any of that money in the form of a paycheck. Additionally, people who believe college athletes should be paid state that paying college athletes will actually encourage them to remain in college longer and not turn professionals as quickly, either by giving them a way to begin earning money in college or requiring them to sign a contract (合同) saying they’ll stay at the university for a certain number of years while making an agreed-upon salary.
People who argue against the idea of paying college athletes believe the practice could be disastrous for college sports. Paying athletes would turn college sports into a bidding (竞拍)war, where only the richest schools could afford top athletes, and most schools would be shut out from developing a talented team. It could also harm the friendship within many college teams if players become unhappy that certain teammates are making more money than they are.
Those against paying college athletes also believe that the athletes are receiving enough benefits already. The top athletes receive scholarships that are worth tens of thousands per year. They receive free food and textbooks, get travel bonuses and free equipment, and can use their time in college as a way to attract the attention of professional coaches. No other college students receive anywhere near as much from their schools.
While both sides have good points, it’s clear that the negatives of paying college athletes far outweigh the positives. College athletes have been compensated enough. Adding a salary would result in a college athletic system where only a few athletes are paid by some schools who enter bidding wars to sign them up, while most student athletics and college athletic programs suffer or even shut down for lack of money. Continuing to offer the present benefits to student athletes makes it possible for as many people to benefit from and enjoy college sports as possible.
38．It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that college athletes ________.
A．have earned what they are promised
B．tend to serve college longer when well-paid
C．should make an agreed-upon salary by signing contracts
D．prefer to stay at university rather than turn professionals
39．People against paying college athletes believe ________.
A．money should be spent on bonuses
B．schools would be unable to afford it
C．it could be harmful to college sports
D．students would value payments over achievements
40．What is the author’s attitude towards paying college athletes?
A．Uncertain. B．Satisfied. C．Positive. D．Unsupportive.

Ask a smart home device for the weather forecast and it takes several seconds for the device to respond. This latency (延时) occurs as connected devices don’t have enough memory or power to store and run the enormous machine-learning models needed for the device to understand what a user is asking of it. The model is stored in a data center that may be hundreds of miles away, where the answer is computed and sent to the device.
MIT researchers have created a new method for computing directly on these devices, which drastically reduces this latency. Their technique shifts the steps of running a machine-learning model to a central server where components of the model are encoded onto light waves. The waves are sent to a connected device using fiber optics (纤维光学), which enables tons of data to be sent lightning-fast through a network. The receiver then employs a simple optical device that rapidly performs computations using the parts of a model carried by those light waves.
This technique leads to more than a hundredfold improvement in energy efficiency when compared to other methods. It could also improve security, since a user’s data do not need to be transferred to a central location for computation. This method could enable a self-driving car to make decisions in real-time while using just a tiny percentage of the energy currently required by power-hungry computers. It could also allow a user to have a latency-free conversation with their smart home device, be used for live video processing, or even enable high-speed image classification on a spacecraft millions of miles from Earth.
“Every time you want to run a neural network, you have to run the program, and how fast you can run the program depends on how fast you can pipe the program in from memory. Our pipe is massive — it corresponds to sending a full feature-length movie over the internet every millisecond or so. That is how fast data comes into our system. And it can compute as fast as that,” says professor Dirk England.
The neural network architecture involves storing weights in a central server that is connected to a novel piece of hardware called a smart transceiver. This smart transceiver, a thumb-sized chip(芯片), can receive and send data. Moving forward, the researchers want to update the smart transceiver chip to achieve even better performance.
41．What’s the paragraph 1 mainly about?
A．The cause of the latency.
B．The effect of the latency.
C．The advanced smart device.
D．The models stored in a data center.
42．How does this new method reduce latency?
A．By improving the parts of a model.
B．By using optics to speed up computations.
C．By computing directly in remote data centers.
D．By inventing a new machine-learning model.
43．The author mentions a self-driving car to ________.
A．introduce the impact of the latency
B．explain how data is quickly computed in this system
C．demonstrate the technique’s energy saving and safety
D．highlight the user’s satisfaction with modern technology
44．What can we infer from this passage?
A．The new technique will be further improved.
B．Optics needs to be developed and used urgently.
C．The new computing architecture is very perfect.
D．The technique was developed to send movies over the internet.

The coronavirus pandemic has created an environment for research on social connection. One of the most common areas of inquiry over the past couple of years was how our sudden mass shift to digital communication — away from face-to-face — affected overall social connectedness. Researchers studied nearly 3,000 adults during the pandemic’s early months and found that email, social media, online gaming, and texting were not fungible for in-person interactions. Voice and video calls, were somewhat better.
Social connectedness is a key to happiness. Lower it, and you will be worse off — and so will your loved ones, especially your kids. One 2014 survey revealed that 62 percent of U.S. children thought their parents were too distracted to listen to them. The No. 1 reason was parents’ phone use.
It is clear that scrolling or surfing will reduce social connection: You do them instead of interacting. Virtual communications such as texting are by design interactive and should theoretically be less harmful. However, text messages can’t convey emotion very well, because we can’t hear or see our conversational partners. These technologies are to in-person interactions what a black-and-white, pixelated (像素化的) version of the Mona Lisa is to the real thing; identifiable, but incapable of producing the same emotional effects.
With communications on line, we tend to hop from person to person and thus swap depth for breadth. However, research has shown that deeper conversations bring more well-being than short communications. Meanwhile, in a recent study, teens who texted more often than their peers tended to experience more depression, more anxiety and poorer relationships with their fathers.
It might seem strange that we would voluntarily adopt technologies that hurt our happiness. One of the explanations is convenience. Vegetating (无所事事) in front of a screen is simply easier than talking with a person, and virtual communications such as texting are faster and easier than a visit or a phone call. Think of these technologies as grab-and-go food at a convenience store: It’s not great, but it sure is easy — and after you eat enough microwave foods, you forget what the real thing tastes like.
In all, for most of us — especially people who grew up with it — the internet is an unquestioned part of the ecosystem of life. Quitting the virtual communications from our life is clearly not the answer. Since we’re not going back to life before this kind of technology, we can and should use it mindfully in service of love.
45．What does the underlined word “fungible” most probably mean?
A．Responsible. B．Changeable. C．Reliable. D．Replaceable.
46．As for virtual communications, the author is ________.
A．disapproving B．doubtful C．supportive D．cautious
47．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．Virtual Communication Does Little Harm to People
B．Technology Can Make Your Relationships Shallower
C．Quitting Virtual Communication Is Just around the Corner
D．Technology Creates a Good Environment for Deeper Conversations

You may have heard of the Tasmanian tiger — but you most certainly have never seen one. Along with many other species over the past hundred years, this creature became extinct because of humans. Now, scientists in Australia and the US are trying to bring it back to life.
Bringing species back from the dead is known as de extinction. Though it sounds like something from a science fiction movie, new technologies have made de-extinction a very real possibility. To “bring back” an extinct species, scientists take stem cells from a closely related living animal and edit the genes. Then, the cells grow into a new animal. This new animal is not an exact copy of the extinct one, but it’s very close. In theory, scientists could create entire populations of animals and set them free in the wild.
If successful, the de-extinction project in Australia could have a favorable impact on the environment. Tasmanian tigers could help bring balance to Australia’s remaining forests by hunting and killing animals that are harming the trees. Indeed, something similar happened when wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone Park in 1995, with deer and plant populations rebalanced as a result.
De-extinction is not a perfect solution, however. For one thing, it won’t change the human behaviors that cause animals to become extinct in the first place. If we continue polluting and destroying the environment, animals will continue to die out. The only way we can truly protect them is by changing our habits. Bringing extinct species back to life won’t magically make us respect nature more.
Also, the money that we spend on de-extinction would probably be better spent on other conservation projects. Or, as those against de-extinction would put it, it’s better to spend money on the living rather than the dead. The reason for this is that, compared to other efforts, de-extinction is extremely expensive. In fact, for the cost of bringing one extinct species back to life, traditional conservation efforts could save up to eight threatened ones.
The power of science is amazing, but it might be time for us to stop and decide whether de-extinction is something we really want to achieve. With the technology we currently have, the question is no longer “can we?” but “should we?”
48．Why does the writer mention “wolves introduced to Yellowstone Park”?
A．To test the effect of de-extinction. B．To discuss the importance of de extinction.
C．To illustrate the possible effect of de-extinction. D．To present a successful example of de-extinction.
49．What can we learn about de-extinction in the passage?
A．It demands large expenses. B．It helps adjust human behaviours.
C．It threatens the current ecosystem. D．It restores the balance between humans and nature.
50．What is the author’s view on de-extinction?
A．Neutral. B．Opposed. C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.

Through interacting with people and the outdoors, a cycling holiday can boost both your physical and mental well-being. We have researched the best routes for the perfect cycling holiday here in the UK. With locations across the UK, you’ll be sure to find your next cycling destination here.
Camel Trail
The best cycling route here in the UK is the Camel Trail in North Cornwall. Stretching 27.8 kms from Padstow to Wenfordbridge, this cycling route is not only a fairly flat cycle, but is also home to some breathtaking views of the coast and family-friendly camping spots. Perfect for families, the Camel Trail follows alongside sandy beaches and villages along the way, meaning there’s more to discover.
Tissington Trail
The Tissington Trail takes you from Ashbourne in the Derbyshire Dales, all the way up to Parsley Hay. Taking you through the south of the beautiful Peak District, the Tissington Trail follows an old railway line which still has the former station platforms. Filled with lots of history and nature, and only a 25-minute drive to Alton Towers for a bit of added fun, this holiday is jam-packed with plenty to do for the whole family.
Derby Canal Path and Cloud Trail
The Derby Canal Path and Cloud Trail stretches 21.4 kms from Derby to the market town of Loughborough. Taking you along the picturesque countryside, and waterside sections, this cycling route has it all. Local attractions on the route include Melboume Hall and Gardens, and Melboume Animal Farm.
Marriott’s Way
The Marriott’s Way is another long distance cycle and footpath that starts in Norwich and finishes in Reepham. Perfect for cycling through Norfolk’s picturesque woodlands, the Marriott’s Way also passes through picturesque small towns and villages including Attlebridge, Whitwell, and Theme Thorpe. The Marriott’s Way cycling trail has the steepest ascent out of the four best cycling holidays, so may be the best for those who are keen riders.
If you choose to venture out on a cycling holiday this year, you’ll feel the benefit of spending time with family and friends while exploring some of the UK’s most scenic and enjoyable cycling routes. Take your pick from our best cycling holidays in the UK for your next staycation, whether you’re a novice rider or looking for a challenge.
51．What can people gain from a cycling holiday?
A．Improved cycling skills.
B．Better mood and stronger body.
C．Increased knowledge of the ocean.
D．Deepened understanding of green travelling.
52．If you are interested in the beautiful scenery and history, you can choose________.
A．Camel Trail
B．Tissington Trail
C．Derby Canal Path and Cloud Trail
D．Marriott’s Way
53．What is the main purpose of this passage?
A．To discuss the benefits of cycling.
B．To encourage people to go cycling.
C．To introduce some cycling holiday tracks.
D．To analyze the differences among the four routes.

Enjoy the family-friendly adventure at Dino Park in Myrtle Beach! This exciting museum gives guests the chance to come face-to-face with life-sized dinos! These beasts have a vast history that will spark imagination and allow visitors of all ages to enjoy educational fun.
During your self-guided adventure through Dino Park, you will be treated to up-close views at dazzling animatronics(电子动画) of your favorite scaly dinosaurs. There are more than 20 life-sized dinosaurs to discover. Along the way, you will be able to learn about some awesome dino facts and get your fill of prehistoric fun!
Additionally, visitors will be able to enjoy CGI footage that gives a glimpse into the lives of the dinos. It is the perfect way to learn all about the dinosaurs through interesting facts and hands-on activities. Throughout the museum are various facts about the dinosaurs displayed on informative and colorful posters.
Dino Park activities
Dino Explore Pit: The kids will have a blast diving into the Dino Explore Pit! This ball pit features 100,000 balls offering tons of room to bounce around. It is a fun attraction for all ages to enjoy.
Dig a Dino Fossil: Become a real-life archaeologist as you put your digging skills to the test! Look out for some awesome fossils as you search for the next greatest dinosaur discovery.
Ride a Tyrannosaurus: This fun animatronic ride is perfect for kids who want to experience some thrilling fun! Climb aboard for an action-packed ride that you won’t soon forget.
Play Area: Kids will enjoy burning off some extra energy at the playground area. The playground features dino-themed puzzle floors, bright pictures on the walls, and play equipment featuring a slide and dinosaurs they can climb on.
So, whether you are a longtime dinosaur lover or want to bring the kids to see some moving dino park exhibits, you are sure to have a great time here!
54．At Dino Park, visitors ________.
A．can feel the joy of prehistoric times
B．will be taught animatronics face to face
C．will be able to find the perfect way to see CGI film
D．can participate in hands-on poster making activities
55．Which of the following will remain fresh in the minds of kids?
A．Dino Explore Pit. B．Dig a Dino Fossil.
C．Ride a Tyrannosaurus. D．Play Area.
56．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To introduce a variety of life-sized dinosaurs.
B．To recommend a museum with educational fun.
C．To compare the different activities at the Dino Park.
D．To provide archaeologists with some clues about dinosaurs.

Andrea Speranza wanted to be a firefighter long before she had the right word for her wish. After one childhood adventure at a construction site ended with an iron nail embedded (嵌入) in her leg and an emergency call to the fire department, she found herself in awe. “As they gave me the medical treatment, I thought, they could help everybody and do anything,” says the now 52-year-old.
In 2000, Speranza fulfilled her dream of becoming a firefighter. Her job was exactly as fulfilling as she imagined it would be, except for one thing; she still hadn’t seen another woman in her role—not in a magazine, not on television, not in real life. Speranza decided to help young women see that they, too, could have a career like hers.
The result is Camp Courage, an immersive (沉浸式的) program for girls aged 15 to 19 who want to learn more about firefighting, paramedicine and police work. In 2006, Speranza welcomed the first 17 participants. Over the course, the girls discover the ins and outs of being first responders: learning how to put out fires, delivering first aid and so on.
Camp Courage now nuns one session every year and is free to attend. To offset (抵消) costs, Speranza fundraises by holding everything from car washes to comedy nights. Campers must submit an essay describing how they plan to help their community, or a specific individual in need. And they have to deliver on the plan—from building a bench for a senior at a bus stop to launching a local chapter of the Kids Help Phone.
While Camp Courage is designed to help more women become first responders, Speranza also has another, bigger objective in mind: building leaders. “If they can deliver a mechanical baby or climb a hundred-foot ladder, they’re not going to have a problem going through a job interview,” says Speranza. “It’s a complete change in mindset, and it works.”
Now hundreds of girls have passed through Camp Courage and some of them work as first responders now. Speranza feels a sense of achievement. The opportunity to recruit other girls to save lives alongside her keeps her going. It’s not even measurable.
57．What inspired Speranza to become a firefighter?
A．Her dream now. B．A childhood accident.
C．The lack of female firefighters. D．A firefighter’s encouragement.
58．Why did Speranza decide to start Camp Courage?
A．To train the girls to take the first aid course.
B．To complete an immersive program about firefighting.
C．To assist more females to take up some jobs like hers.
D．To motivate more females to stand on their own feet in the future.
59．What do campers have to do to pass through Camp Courage?
A．Raise money to pay off the cost.
B．Submit an essay and deliver a speech.
C．Build a bench for the disabled at a bus stop.
D．Hand in a plan and then put it into action.
60．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Ups and downs make one strong.
B．Every noble work is at first impossible.
C．Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.
D．Joint effort is the key to solving problems.

Being stranded (困住) in the wilderness is a terrifying prospect for anyone, so for those who want to be prepared, then survival training courses could be a great idea. You can learn how to survive in some of the most extreme and unstable conditions. Here are some of the best survival training courses you can find across the USA．
●Bear Grylls Survival — Available in many different countries is this well-known TV personality’s course on survival. This involves a five-day adventure, with two days of intense survival training from Bear. You will then be dropped onto an island for 30 hours to put the skills you just learned to the test.
●BOSS 28-Day Field Survival — Opening back in 1968, this is the most renowned survival school in the world. Participants spend 28 days out in the Utah wilderness with limited supplies and equipment. There are also shorter versions of the course for 7 to 14 day periods as well as courses for kids as well.
●Ancient Pathways — The military uses this survival school for their desert survival training, so you know it’s the real deal. There’s a lot of different classes on offer, from bushcraft to extreme wilderness survival. You can go on these courses from 4 to 14 day periods, and there’s even a knife only survival course too. Then they have a more intensive course available afterwards that takes survival to a whole new level with no food and water.
●Mountain Scout Survival School — For a training course that is quicker (and cheaper as well), the Mountain Scout School offers up one-day training experiences just outside of New York. These are great classes for kids who want to learn more about urban survival. There are also courses on tracking, trapping, fire building and other necessary survival skills that could end up saving your life.
61．What can you do in Ancient Pathways?
A．Take a course to join the army.
B．Experience the wilderness of Utah.
C．Learn how to survive only with a knife.
D．Examine what you’ve learned on an island.
62．What courses are suitable for a 12-year-old boy who has a sense of adventure?
A．Bear Grylls Survival &Ancient Pathways.
B．Bear Grylls Survival &BOSS 28-Day Field Survival.
C．Ancient Pathways &Mountain Scout Survival School.
D．BOSS 28-Day Field Survival &Mountain Scout Survival School.
63．This passage is intended for ___.
A．military enthusiasts B．outdoor enthusiasts
C．survival experts D．education experts

“I can’t connect with your characters.”
I kept hearing the same feedback and was unable to understand why and not sure what to do. I was a character-driven writer. How could I mess up the one thing I was supposed to be good at? I was determined to convince my agent that these characters were real. After all, I knew they were real. My main character Lotus had lived inside me for years. I just needed to clarify her on the page.
I wrote and edited for a year, trying to respond to this agent’s feedback. But Lotus’ personality began to disappear. I tried to have her make “better” decisions, wear smarter fashion, and have more friends, as my agent said she acted “immature” and was “isolated”. And when this agent ultimately parted ways with me, I felt like I had failed. Now with time and distance, I realize I tried to fit Lotus into a neurotypical style to please my agent. And as a result, Lotus lost her Lotus-ness.
When that agent discouraged me from writing Lotus as autistic(自闭的), he said that would make Lotus seem more “vulnerable(脆弱的)” or an “obvious victim”. I didn’t want Lotus to seem vulnerable. Lotus’ autism is what makes her powerful, I tried to explain. But from a neurotypical perspective, Lotus’ autism could only be seen as a weakness.
Unsure of how to convince my agent of the strength and power autistic women hold, I began to write Lotus as “neurotypical”. And I failed miserably. After all, what do I know about being neurotypical? My whole life, autism was my default. Not being diagnosed until 2020, I assumed the way I saw the world was “normal”.
My current agent encourages me to write from my neurodivergent(神经多样性的) experience. With this invitation, I revisited Lotus and saw her the way I first wrote her. And when I did, the characters and the entire narrative began to make more sense.
Identifying my characters as neurodivergent not only gives me joy as a writer, but it has produced my strongest writing. For so long, I’ve combatted the advice to “write what I know”, in part because I didn’t know what I actually knew. I didn’t know I was neurodivergent. But as I mine the specificity of my lived experience, my writing is stronger. There is a power to our lived experience. It’s not a limitation on our craft, but a swinging open of the gates.
64．How did the author feel when receiving the repeated response from the first agent?
A．Confused. B．Convinced. C．Determined. D．Disappointed.
65．Lotus’ personality got lost because ______
A．Lotus no longer lived inside the author B．the author attempted to please the agent
C．the agent failed to sympathize with Lotus D．Lotus was considered childish and lonely
66．What do we know about the author?
A．She regretted parting with the agent.
B．She owed her success in life to autism.
C．She was aware of her autism in the early years.
D．She was empowered by her autistic experience.
67．What has the author learned from her own experience?
A．Stick to your dream despite discouragement.
B．Be true to yourself and write from your heart.
C．Giving in to authority is the barrier to success.
D．Everyone is born an original instead of a copy.















参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员开发出一种无需冷藏即可长时间保存疫苗的薄片。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Led by expert Maria A. Croyle, researchers have developed a thin sheet that preserves vaccines for long periods without refrigeration.（在专家Maria A. Croyle的带领下，研究人员已经开发出一种无需冷藏即可长时间保存疫苗的薄片。）”可知，这种薄片可以容纳疫苗这种生物制品。故选D项。
2．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中Lisa Rohan的话“The study demonstrates early proof of concept for an exciting platform for vaccine product development（这项研究为一个令人兴奋的疫苗产品开发平台的概念提供了前期证明）”可知，Lisa Rohan非常看好这项研究，认为可以为未来疫苗产品开发平台铺路。由此推知，作者提到Lisa Rohan的话是为了展示这款产品非常有前景。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Finding partners to mass-produce for clinical trials is the researchers’ most pressing problem, Croyle says.（Croyle说，为临床试验寻找大规模生产的合作伙伴是研究人员最紧迫的问题。）”可知，Croyle团队下面的紧急任务是寻找理想的生产商。故选D项。
4．D 5．A 6．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了我们在电脑和手机上的注意力持续时间都很短，而且在不断下降。我们倾向于把这种趋势归咎于不断增长的数字警报和通知，或者是旨在吸引我们注意力的算法。文章介绍了相关的研究发现。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段“We tend to blame this trend on growing digital alerts and notifications, or on algorithms aimed at capturing our focus. These do play measurable roles. But it turns out that people are nearly as likely to switch their attention of their own volition. We are determined to be interrupted, if not by others, then by ourselves. Simply choosing to check our email is a major reason for interruptions. Our research found that, on average, people check their inboxes 77 times a day. More than 40% of the time, they do it willingly, without being spurred by any alert.(我们倾向于把这种趋势归咎于不断增长的数字警报和通知，或者是旨在吸引我们注意力的算法。这些确实发挥着可衡量的作用。但事实证明，人们几乎同样有可能根据自己的意愿转移注意力。我们决心要被打断，如果不是被别人打断，就是被我们自己打断。仅仅是选择查看电子邮件就是被打断的主要原因。我们的研究发现，人们平均每天查看77次收件箱。超过40%的情况下，他们是自愿这么做的，没有受到任何警告的刺激)”可推知，在第2段中，作者提到了研究结果，以表明数字警报不是注意力下降的罪魁祸首。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The German companies Volkswagen and Allianz have gone a step further and adopted a policy called “Right to Disconnect”. Actually, this policy of not punishing workers for failing to answer e-communications after work hours has been instituted in Ireland and France. How does this help? A 2017 study found afterhours work communications created emotional exhaustion, and a 2014 study showed detaching from work can improve sleep. The study found when sleep deficits increase, attention spans decrease.(德国大众和安联公司则更进一步，采用了一项名为“断开连接权”的政策。事实上，爱尔兰和法国已经制定了这项政策，即不惩罚下班后未回复电子邮件的员工。这有什么帮助呢？2017年的一项研究发现，下班后的沟通会导致情绪疲惫，2014年的一项研究表明，脱离工作可以改善睡眠。研究发现，当睡眠不足增加时，注意力持续时间会缩短)”可推知，在“断开连接权”政策出台之前，可以推断出这两家德国公司过去会因为员工下班后没有保持联系而惩罚他们。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our online behavior is greatly influenced by the wider culture and the ever more sophisticated tools of digital technology, but we can’t just blame our short attention spans on algorithms and notifications that flood in. We still own our attention, and we can take change into our own hands.(我们的上网行为在很大程度上受到更广泛的文化和更复杂的数字技术工具的影响，但我们不能仅仅把我们的短暂注意力归咎于潮水般涌入的算法和通知。我们仍然拥有自己的注意力，我们可以把改变掌握在自己手中)”可推知，我们有多想被数字技术分心，这取决于我们人类自己。故选A。
7．A 8．C 9．D

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是气候活动家的最佳应用程序。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Information is constantly changing and those of us working hard to protect the environment for ourselves and future generations need to have access to up-to-date material. Being a climate change activist can be time consuming. But there’s an app (or ten) for that! The number of apps out there is staggering.(信息是不断变化的，我们这些努力为自己和后代保护环境的人需要获得最新的材料。成为一名气候变化活动家可能会耗费大量时间。但有一个应用程序（或十个）可以做到这一点！应用程序的数量惊人。)”可知，作者推荐这些app是因为这些应用程序可以帮助人们获得最新的材料，故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据Locavore部分的“If you’re looking for the closest farmers market selling your favorite in season produce, then Locavore is the app for you. Locavore is a great app for those searching for local, in season, organic foods in your area.(如果你正在寻找最近的农贸市场出售你最喜欢的时令农产品，那么Locavore就是你的应用程序。Locavore是一个为那些寻找当地应季的有机食品的伟大的应用程序。)”可知，如果你想找到应季食物，你应该下载Locavore，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据Fooducate部分的“The app will recommend minimally processed, real foods which are naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants.(该应用程序将推荐最低限度加工的、天然的富含营养和抗氧化剂的真正食物。)”可知，Fooducate会推荐天然的富含营养和抗氧化剂的低加工食品，故选D。
10．C 11．C 12．C 13．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章是作者在收拾去世的父亲的物品时的感悟。
10．细节理解题。根据第一段中“And I know they will throw the white plastic head of a horse on my desk into a rubbish bag without a thought, never knowing that it is the only piece remaining from the first chess set I owned. It is me at age twelve. (我知道他们会不假思索地把我桌子上的白色塑料马头扔进垃圾袋，而他们不知道这是我拥有的第一副国际象棋中唯一剩下的棋子。这是我十二岁的时候)”可知，作者保留塑料马头是因为它会让作者想起童年时的回忆，故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“I brought the pictures home, though I will never look at them. I brought twelve boxes of my father home.(我把照片带回家了，虽然我永远不会看它们。我带了十二盒爸爸的东西回家)”可知，作者把爸爸的一些东西带回了自己家，故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But the final decisions are left to those who know us least — our children. (但最终的决定权还是留给那些最不了解我们的人——我们的孩子)”和最后一段中“And I wonder how many boxes of me will my children keep?(我想知道我的孩子会保留多少个关于我的盒子呢？)”可知，作者依靠他的孩子们来处理他的物品，故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Every object of our lives is a memory, and emotion surrounds around it, hiding and protecting a tiny truth of the heart. Only I have the memories of when and how each one was obtained; I look at the objects that are me, and the memories are warm and permeated (弥漫) with love. (我们生活中的每一件物品都是记忆，情感围绕着它，隐藏和保护着内心的一个微小真相。只有我记得它们是何时以及如何得到的；我看着这些物体，它们就是我，记忆是温暖的，充满了爱)”可知，我们保留下来的物品可以使我们想起过去的经历。故选B。
14．C 15．B 16．A

【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了从进化的角度来说，我们为什么会有孤独这种感觉。
14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But now, they’re realizing that it’s more of a biological hunger signal that reminds us when it’s time to reconnect with those around us to promote our short-term survival.(但现在，他们意识到这更像是一种生理饥饿信号，提醒我们何时该与周围的人重新联系，以促进我们的短期生存)”可知，作者可能会同意孤独反映了一个人对社会关系的强烈渴望。故选C项。
15．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Because while loneliness may be painful to experience today, for our prehistoric ancestors that pain would have been a far better alternative to being caught alone with a predator on the prowl(潜行).(因为虽然孤独在今天可能是一种痛苦的体验，但对于我们的史前祖先来说，这种痛苦要比独自面对徘徊的捕食者要好得多)”以及第三段中“But scientists think we evolved to feel loneliness because it was more important to work with one another to accomplish tasks and to protect everyone. “The pain of loneliness prompted us to renew the social structure so we could survive and promote key features like trust, cooperation and collective action, explains Cacioppo.(但科学家们认为，我们之所以会感到孤独，是因为与他人合作完成任务和保护每个人更为重要。卡乔波解释说:“孤独的痛苦促使我们更新社会结构，这样我们才能生存，并促进信任、合作和集体行动等关键特征。”)”可知，科学家认为孤独是痛苦但必要的。故选B项。
16．主旨大意题。根据第一段“So, evolutionarily speaking, why do we experience it?(那么，从进化的角度来说，我们为什么会有这种感觉呢?)”以及倒数第二段中“If the outcomes of loneliness were entirely negative, it would no longer be a part of our DNA. “Hunger and thirst protect our physical body while loneliness protects our social body,” says Cacioppo.(如果孤独的结果完全是负面的，它将不再是我们DNA的一部分。“饥饿和口渴保护我们的身体，而孤独保护我们的社会身体，”卡乔波说)”可知，本文主要从进化的角度来说，我们为什么会有孤独这种感觉，所以A项“Humans evolved to be lonely.(人类进化成孤独的)”是本段最好的标题。故选A项。
17．D 18．C 19．C 20．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了游客面对野生动物时变得越来越鲁莽这一现象的原因并提出解决这一问题的建议。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段中“People risk being attacked, mauled (撕咬) and possibly killed, while animals can be harmed, removed or put down, irrespective of whether they were only defending themselves. (人可能会被攻击、咬伤，甚至可能被杀死，而动物可能会被伤害、移走或杀死，不管它们是否只是在自卫)”可知，人类鲁莽的的行为可能会导致会让动物因为自卫而被杀死。故选D项。
18．推理判断题。根据第三段中Mossbacher的话“Tourists are getting more and more reckless around wildlife and the source of the problem is social media.(游客面对野生动物时越来越鲁莽，而问题的根源是社交媒体)”可知，Mossbacher认为社交媒体是游客面对野生动物时越来越鲁莽的根本原因，根据第四段中“Yet social media is not entirely to blame. People have always taken risks for an experience.(然而，社交媒体并不完全是罪魁祸首。人们总是为了体验而冒险)”可知，作者认为Mossbacher的表述并不完全准确，作者认为游客的鲁莽行为也可许是从于人类的本性。所以他对Mossbacher的观点持怀疑态度。故选C项。
19．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“People have always taken risks for an experience. Foolish behavior and a tendency to get cocky around dangerous animals must have been around since the dawn of humanity. (人们总是为了体验而冒险。自人类诞生以来，在危险动物面前愚蠢的行为和cocky倾向一定一直存在)”可知，冒险是人类的本性，结合并列词组“Foolish behavior”可知推知，“get cocky”也是一种鲁莽的、不理性的表现，结合选项，cocky与arrogant同义，意为“傲慢的”。故选C项。
20．推理判断题。根据第五段中“I don’t think parks are doing enough to raise awareness. Tourists need to know how their presence can affect wildlife.(我认为公园在提高公众意识方面做得还不够。游客需要知道他们的存在会如何影响野生动物)”和第六段中“People aren’t getting the education about why they need to stay away from wildlife, including avoiding diseases, keeping people secure and letting wildlife be wild(人们没有得到关于为什么他们需要远离野生动物的教育，包括避免疾病，保证人们的安全，让野生动物自然生长)”可推知，公园在提高公众意识方面做得还不够，应该在教育游客方面承担更多的责任。故选A项。
21．C 22．A 23．C 24．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他并没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. (这个学生很早就到了，坐在前排和中间，在我的教室里，他在很多方面都很突出。我得说，他比我本科传播学班上的同学大40岁左右。)”、第三段“He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class. (他说他那学期将不得不停止上课，并重新申请明年的课程。到那时，他希望能赚到足够的钱，并把学生贷款文件办妥。他严肃地问我是否还能旁听我的交际课。)”、第六段“Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class. (很快，他又回来了，回到他的旧桌子旁，加入到我们关于如何在洛杉矶寻找和讲述故事的讨论中——一个63岁的男人，和班上任何一个年轻人一样充满活力和好奇心。)”、第七段“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. (瓦伦西亚的很多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍然在做作业。)”和“Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. (后来，我无意中听到瓦伦西亚想留在学校直到获得硕士学位，但他花了12年时间才完成社区大学学业，所以他还有很长的路要走。)”可知，瓦伦西亚与他的同学的不同之处在于：尽管他年纪大了，但他渴望学习。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,” says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. (瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”可知，瓦伦西亚继续上课是因为他得到了学习的乐趣，珍惜学习的机会。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. (他以他的幽默和经验智慧，热情地参加了课堂讨论。)”可知，瓦伦西亚很热情；由倒数第二段中的“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,” says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. (瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”可知，63岁交不起学费的瓦伦西亚，为了学习的乐趣仍继续上课，说明他很上进；他是一个热情、上进的人。故选C。
24．主旨大意题。通读全文，本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。可得出这篇文章主要告诉我们“It is never too old to learn. (活到老，学到老。)”的道理。故选B。
25．D 26．D 27．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍Yosemite山谷的志愿者的7日活动。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“As volunteers in Yosemite Valley, we help rangers fix trails and repair fragile natural resources. (作为Yosemite山谷的志愿者，我们帮助护林员修复小径，修复脆弱的自然资源。)”可知，在Yosemite志愿者项目中，志愿者的任务是修复容易受损的自然资源。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据What’s Included中的“All meals from dinner on Day 1 through breakfast on Day 7; campground reservations; group tools; transportation from campground to work sites; orientation and training; park entrance fees. (从第1天的晚餐到第7天的早餐；营地预订；小组工具；从露营地到工作地点的交通工具；入职培训；公园门票。)”可知，志愿者项目包包括露营地预订和公园入场费。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据▶Day 6“Explore Yosemite National Park on your much deserved rest day. Challenge yourself on a hike up the Mist Trail, relax by the Merced River, or read a book in a peaceful meadow — this day is all yours. (在你应得的休息日探索约塞米蒂国家公园。在薄雾小道上徒步挑战自己，在默塞德河边放松，或者在宁静的草地上读一本书——这一天都是你的。)”可知，项目休息日的推荐活动是在河边放松。故选A。
28．A 29．C 30．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员研发了一种新的风险低、反应快的纳米粒子生成输送方法，通过纳米颗粒向大脑输送药物，改善药物的疗效。
28．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员研发了一种新的风险低、反应快的纳米粒子生成输送方法，通过纳米颗粒向大脑输送药物，改善药物的疗效。因此，A项“一种新的药物输送方法”符合文章大意。故选A项。
29．细节理解题。根据第一段中“One key reason: the blood-brain barrier, which protects the brain from tissue-specific drug delivery. Methods such as an injection or a pill aren’t as precise or immediate as doctors might prefer, and ensuring delivery right to the brain often requires invasive, risky techniques.（一个关键原因是血脑屏障，它保护大脑不受组织特异性药物输送的影响。注射或服用药片等方法并不像医生所希望的那样精确或即时，确保将药物正确输送到大脑往往需要侵入性的、有风险的技术。）”可知，血脑屏障保护大脑不受组织特异性药物输送的影响，会影响药片的精确性和及时性，降低其有效性。故选C项。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“The team tested the concept in locusts because the blood-brain barriers in the insects and humans have similarities.（该团队在蝗虫身上测试了这一概念，因为这种昆虫和人类的血脑屏障有相似之处。）”可知，研究人员将研究重点放在蝗虫身上是因为人类和蝗虫的血脑屏障相似，即有相似的结构来保护大脑免受外来物质的侵害。故选A项。
31．A 32．D 33．C 34．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了小说All the Light We Cannot See和它的作者Anthony Doerr。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段中“She continues to live with Etienne, and they start passing on secret signals to aid the French Resistance movement.”（她继续和Etienne住在一起，他们开始传递秘密信号，以帮助法国抵抗运动。）可知，Marie-Laure和Etienne通过提供信息来帮助反纳粹斗争。故选A项。
32．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Critics have praised Doerr’s writing for his short, sharp sentences and attention to detail.”（评论家们称赞Doerr的作品，因为他的句子短小精悍，而且注重细节。）可知，Anthony Doerr的作品被高度评价是因为他用词非常简练。故选D项。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Doerr suggests that technologies, such as the radio, are helpful to society if they are used with good intentions. However, if technologies fall into the hands of evil (邪恶), they can cause great destruction.”（Doerr认为，如果人们怀着好的意图使用诸如收音机之类的技术，它们对社会是有益的。然而，如果技术落入邪恶之手，它们可能会造成巨大的破坏。）可知，技术可以对社会有益，也可以带来破坏。由此可知，技术是一把双刃剑。故选C项。
34．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了小说All the Light We Cannot See以及它的作者Anthony Doerr，主要描绘了小说的情节和主题，并分享了作家的写作风格。由此推知，文章主要围绕图书展开，可能出自杂志的“读书俱乐部”栏目。故选B项。
35．C 36．B 37．A

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是帮助读者成为医学作家的课程。
35．推理判断题。根据正文第一段的“Three years ago, I started a family and have experienced financial stress since then. I could pay my bills alright, but that was all I could do. I couldn’t even afford a family holiday.(三年前，我组建了家庭，从那时起我就经历了经济压力。我可以支付我的账单，但这是我所能做的。我甚至负担不起一次家庭度假。)”和第二段的“And I felt I had the necessary skills to start medical writing as a side hustle (副业). By the end of the year; I had my first contract as a freelance medical writer. I felt really secure financially and career-wise.(我觉得我有必要的技能开始医学写作作为副业。到年底，我的第一份合同是自由医学作家。我觉得经济上和事业上都很安全。)”可知，Alex开始医学写作是为了摆脱财政困境。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据Week 1 The scientific writing process部分的“The writing process: How to write the scientific document in four simple steps(写作过程:如何用四个简单的步骤来写科学论文)”可知，通过参加这些课程，人们能学到撰写科学文献的步骤。故选B。
37．推理判断题。根据标题“Become a Competent Medical Writer in 4 Weeks!Hurry! This offer ends soon! Claim your spot TODAY!(在4周内成为一名称职的医学作家！快点！优惠马上结束！今天就获得你的学位！)”可知，本文是一篇广告，旨在宣传帮助读者成为医学作家的课程，因此本文的目的是吸引人们参加培训课程，故选A。
38．B 39．C 40．D

【导语】这是一篇议论文。讨论了是否应该给大学运动员发工资。
38．推理判断题。根据第二段“Additionally, people who believe college athletes should be paid state that paying college athletes will actually encourage them to remain in college longer and not turn professionals as quickly, (此外，那些认为应该给大学运动员发工资的人表示，给大学运动员发工资实际上会鼓励他们在大学呆得更久，而不是更快地成为专业人士)”可知，大学运动员被给予报酬后，可能倾向于继续在大学服务。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“People who argue against the idea of paying college athletes believe the practice could be disastrous for college sports. (反对向大学运动员付费的人认为这种做法可能会给大学体育带来灾难)”可知，持反对意见的人们认为给大学运动员支付薪酬会对大学体育造成损害。故选C。
40．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“While both sides have good points, it’s clear that the negatives of paying college athletes far outweigh the positives.(尽管双方都有各自的道理，但显然，给大学运动员发工资的负面影响远远大于正面影响)”可知，作者认为负面影响大于正面影响，也就是说作者不支持给大学运动员发工资。故选D。
41．A 42．B 43．C 44．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种利用光学来加快计算速度从而减少延迟的新技术。
41．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句“This latency(延时) occurs as connected devices don’t have enough memory or power to store and run the enormous machine-learning models needed for the device to understand what a user is asking of it. The model is stored in a data center that may be hundreds of miles away, where the answer is computed and sent to the device.(这种延迟发生的原因是，连接的设备没有足够的内存或能力来存储和运行庞大的机器学习模型，而设备需要这些模型来理解用户的要求。该模型存储在可能数百英里外的数据中心，在那里计算答案并发送到设备。)”可知，第一段主要是讲延迟的原因。故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“The waves are sent to a connected device using fiber optics(纤维光学), which enables tons of data to be sent lightning-fast through a network. The receiver then employs a simple optical device that rapidly performs computations using the parts of a model carried by those light waves.(这些电波通过光纤传输到连接的设备上，这使得大量数据能够以闪电般的速度通过网络传输。然后，接收器采用一个简单的光学装置，利用这些光波携带的模型部分快速执行计算。)”可知，这种新方法利用光学来加快计算速度，从而减少了延迟。故选B。
43．推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“This technique leads to more than a hundredfold improvement in energy efficiency when compared to other methods. It could also improve security, since a user’s data do not need to be transferred to a central location for computation.(与其他方法相比，这项技术使能源效率提高了一百倍以上。它还可以提高安全性，因为用户的数据不需要传输到中心位置进行计算。)”可知，作者提到了一辆自动驾驶汽车以展示该技术的节能和安全性。故选C。
44．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Moving forward, the researchers want to update the smart transceiver chip to achieve even better performance.(展望未来，研究人员希望更新智能收发器芯片以获得更好的性能。)”可知，这项新技术将得到进一步改进。故选A。
45．D 46．D 47．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。冠状病毒大流行为研究社会联系创造了环境。过去几年，我们对数字通信（远离面对面交流）如何影响整体社会联系进行了研究，研究表明，技术会使人际关系更加生疏。
45．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Researchers studied nearly 3,000 adults during the pandemic’s early months and found that email, social media, online gaming, and texting were not fungible for in-person interactions. Voice and video calls, were somewhat better.(研究人员在疫情初期对近3000名成年人进行了研究，发现电子邮件、社交媒体、在线游戏和短信无法fungible面对面的互动。语音和视频通话稍微好一些。)”可知，研究表明面对面的互动（如语音和视频通话）要更好一些，说明电子邮件、社交媒体、在线游戏和短信无法替代面对面的互动，由此可推知，划线单词fungible与D项“Replaceable.(可替代的)”意思一样，故选D。
46．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Quitting the virtual communications from our life is clearly not the answer. Since we’re not going back to life before this kind of technology, we can and should use it mindfully in service of love.(从我们的生活中退出虚拟交流显然不是解决问题的办法。由于我们不会回到这种技术出现之前的生活，我们可以而且应该谨慎地使用它来服务于爱情。)”可知，虚拟交流虽有缺点，但是从我们的生活中退出虚拟交流显然不是解决问题的办法，我们应该谨慎对待，由此可推知，作者对于虚拟交流是持谨慎的态度，故选D。
47．主旨大意题。第一段中“One of the most common areas of inquiry over the past couple of years was how our sudden mass shift to digital communication — away from face-to-face — affected overall social connectedness. (过去几年最常见的研究领域之一是，我们突然大规模转向数字通信（远离面对面交流）如何影响整体社会联系。)”指出我们对数字通信（远离面对面交流）如何影响整体社会联系进行研究；根据第二段“Social connectedness is a key to happiness. Lower it, and you will be worse off — and so will your loved ones, especially your kids. One 2014 survey revealed that 62 percent of U.S. children thought their parents were too distracted to listen to them. The No. 1 reason was parents’ phone use.(社会联系是幸福的关键。降低它，你会变得更糟——你所爱的人，尤其是你的孩子也会变得更糟。2014年的一项调查显示，62%的美国儿童认为他们的父母过于心烦意乱，不愿意听他们说话。第一个原因是父母使用电话。)”和第三段中“It is clear that scrolling or surfing will reduce social connection: You do them instead of interacting. (很明显，滑动手机或者网上冲浪会减少社交联系：你做这些而不是互动。)”指出研究结果：技术会使人际关系更加生疏；文章最后提出解决办法，即根据最后一段中“Quitting the virtual communications from our life is clearly not the answer. Since we’re not going back to life before this kind of technology, we can and should use it mindfully in service of love.(从我们的生活中退出虚拟交流显然不是解决问题的办法。由于我们不会回到这种技术出现之前的生活，我们可以而且应该谨慎地使用它来服务于爱情。)”可知，我们对数字通信（远离面对面交流）如何影响整体社会联系进行研究，研究表明，技术会使人际关系更加生疏，B项“科技可以让你的人际关系更浅薄”适合做文章标题，故选B。
48．D 49．A 50．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“反灭绝”技术，可以让使灭绝物种恢复。文章介绍了这项技术的操作方式以及作者对此的看法。
48．推理判断题。根据第三段“If successful, the de-extinction project in Australia could have a favorable impact on the environment. Tasmanian tigers could help bring balance to Australia’s remaining forests by hunting and killing animals that are harming the trees. Indeed, something similar happened when wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone Park in 1995, with deer and plant populations rebalanced as a result.(如果成功，澳大利亚的反灭绝项目将对环境产生有利影响。塔斯马尼亚虎可以通过猎杀伤害树木的动物来帮助维持澳大利亚现存森林的平衡。事实上，1995年黄石公园重新引入狼时，也发生了类似的事情，结果鹿和植物的数量重新平衡)”可推知，作者提到“引入黄石公园的狼”是为了提出一个反灭绝的成功例子。故选D。
49．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The reason for this is that, compared to other efforts, de-extinction is extremely expensive.(这样做的原因是，与其他努力相比，反灭绝是非常昂贵的)”可知，反灭绝需要很大的开支。故选A。
50．推理判断题。根据第四段“De-extinction is not a perfect solution, however. For one thing, it won’t change the human behaviors that cause animals to become extinct in the first place. If we continue polluting and destroying the environment, animals will continue to die out. The only way we can truly protect them is by changing our habits. Bringing extinct species back to life won’t magically make us respect nature more.(然而，反灭绝并不是一个完美的解决方案。首先，它不会改变导致动物灭绝的人类行为。如果我们继续污染和破坏环境，动物将继续灭绝。我们唯一能真正保护它们的方法就是改变我们的习惯。让灭绝的物种起死回生不会神奇地让我们更加尊重自然)”以及倒数第二段“Also, the money that we spend on de-extinction would probably be better spent on other conservation projects.(此外，我们花在灭绝物种上的钱可能会更好地花在其他保护项目上)”以及最后一段“The power of science is amazing, but it might be time for us to stop and decide whether de-extinction is something we really want to achieve. With the technology we currently have, the question is no longer “can we?” but “should we?”(科学的力量是惊人的，但我们可能是时候停下来，决定是否我们真的想要实现灭绝。凭借我们目前拥有的技术，问题不再是“我们能不能？”而是“我们应该这样做吗？”)”可推知，作者对反灭绝的看法是反对。故选B。
51．B 52．B 53．C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个在英国适合假期自行车骑行的最佳路线。
51．细节理解题。根据第一段首句“Through interacting with people and the outdoors, a cycling holiday can boost both your physical and mental well-being.(通过与人们和户外活动的互动，自行车假期可以促进你的身心健康)”可知，作者认为骑行过程可以强身健体，又能是心情舒畅。故选B项。
52．细节理解题。根据Tissington Trail部分“Taking you through the south of the beautiful Peak District, the Tissington Trail follows an old railway line which still has the former station platforms. Filled with lots of history and nature, and only a 25-minute drive to Alton Towers for a bit of added fun, this holiday is jam-packed with plenty to do for the whole family.(Tissington Trail将带您穿过美丽的山顶区(Peak District)南部，沿着一条古老的铁路线，这里仍然保留着以前的车站月台。这里充满了历史和自然风光，距离奥尔顿塔只有25分钟的车程，可以增加一点乐趣，这个假期为全家人提供了大量的活动)”可知，对美丽景色和历史感兴趣的骑行者会对Tissington Trail感兴趣。故选B项。
53．推理判断题。根据第一段“We have researched the best routes for the perfect cycling holiday here in the UK. With locations across the UK, you’ll be sure to find your next cycling destination here.(我们研究了在英国度过完美自行车假期的最佳路线。在英国各地，你一定会在这里找到你的下一个骑行目的地)”并结合下文可知，文章主要向读者介绍了四个适合假期自行车骑行的最佳路径。故选C项。
54．A 55．C 56．B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对默特尔海滩的迪诺公园进行了介绍。
54．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Along the way, you will be able to learn about some awesome dino facts and get your fill of prehistoric fun!(在此过程中，您将能够了解一些令人敬畏的恐龙事实，并获得史前乐趣！)”可知，在Dino公园，游客可以感受到史前时代的欢乐。故选A。
55．细节理解题。根据第六段Ride a Tyrannosaurus最后一句“Climb aboard for an action-packed ride that you won’t soon forget.(登上这趟惊险刺激的旅程，你不会很快忘记。)”可知，“骑暴龙”会让孩子们记忆犹新。故选C。
56．推理判断题。根据第一段“Enjoy the family-friendly adventure at Dino Park in Myrtle Beach! This exciting museum gives guests the chance to come face-to-face with life-sized dinos! These beasts have a vast history that will spark imagination and allow visitors of all ages to enjoy educational fun.(在默特尔海滩的迪诺公园享受适合家庭的冒险吧！这个令人兴奋的博物馆让游客有机会与真人大小的恐龙面对面！这些动物有着丰富的历史，将激发想象力，让所有年龄段的游客都能享受教育的乐趣。)”可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一个具有教育意义的博物馆。故选B。
57．B 58．C 59．D 60．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了加拿大的一位女性消防员Andrea Speranza，由于自己所在的领域女性很少，她创办了“勇气营”，帮助很多女性成为消防和急救人员。
57．细节理解题。根据第一段中“After one childhood adventure at a construction site ended with an iron nail embedded (嵌入) in her leg and an emergency call to the fire department, she found herself in awe. “As they gave me the medical treatment, I thought, they could help everybody and do anything,” says the now 52-year-old. (童年时，她在建筑工地经历了一次冒险，结果腿上嵌了一颗铁钉，她给消防部门打了紧急电话，这让她感到敬畏。“当他们给我治疗时，我想，他们可以帮助所有人，做任何事情，”现年52岁的她说)”可知，童年的一次意外经历使她想成为一名消防员。故选B。
58．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Speranza decided to help young women see that they, too, could have a career like hers. (Speranza决定帮助年轻女性认识到，她们也可以拥有像她一样的事业)”以及第三段中“The result is Camp Courage, an immersive(沉浸式的) program for girls aged 15 to 19 who want to learn more about firefighting, paramedicine and police work. (其结果就是“勇气营”，这是一个面向15至19岁的女孩的沉浸式项目，她们想要了解更多关于消防、医疗护理和警察工作的知识)”可知，Speranza创办“勇气营”是帮助更多的女性从事像她这样的工作。故选C。
59．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Campers must submit an essay describing how they plan to help their community, or a specific individual in need. And they have to deliver on the plan—from building a bench for a senior at a bus stop to launching a local chapter of the Kids Help Phone. (营员必须提交一篇短文，描述他们计划如何帮助他们的社区，或有需要的特定个人。他们必须实现这个计划——从在公交车站为一位老人建一张长椅，到在当地成立一个儿童帮助电话分会)”可知，营员们需要提交一份计划，然后付诸行动才能通过勇气营。故选D。
60．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Andrea Speranza wanted to be a firefighter long before she had the right word for her wish. (早在找到合适的词来表达她的愿望之前，安德里亚·斯佩兰萨就想成为一名消防员)”以及第二段中“In 2000, Speranza fulfilled her dream of becoming a firefighter. (2000年，Speranza实现了成为一名消防员的梦想)”及全文可知，Speranza不但通过努力实现了自己的梦想，并且她创办了“勇气营”，帮助很多女性成为消防和急救人员。所以我们从文章中学到的是“心之所愿，无事不成。”故选C。
61．C 62．D 63．B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国最好的四个生存训练课程。
61．细节理解题。根据Ancient Pathways部分中“You can go on these courses from 4 to 14 day periods, and there’s even a knife only survival course too.(你可以参加为期4到14天的课程，甚至还有一个只有刀的生存课程)”可知，在Ancient Pathways，你将学会如何在只有一把刀的情况下生存。故选C项。
62．细节理解题。根据BOSS 28-Day Field Survival部分中“There are also shorter versions of the course for 7 to 14 day periods as well as courses for kids as well.(也有7到14天的短期课程，还有儿童课程)”和Mountain Scout Survival School部分中“These are great classes for kids who want to learn more about urban survival.(对于想要了解更多城市生存知识的孩子来说，这些课程非常棒)”可知，BOSS 28-Day Field Survival和Mountain Scout Survival School两项适合有冒险精神的12岁男孩。故选D项。
63．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Being stranded (困住) in the wilderness is a terrifying prospect for anyone, so for those who want to be prepared, then survival training courses could be a great idea. You can learn how to survive in some of the most extreme and unstable conditions. Here are some of the best survival training courses you can find across the USA.(被困在野外对任何人来说都是一件可怕的事情，所以对于那些想要做好准备的人来说，生存培训课程可能是一个好主意。你可以学习如何在一些最极端和不稳定的条件下生存。这里有一些你可以在美国各地找到的最好的生存训练课程)”可知，本文介绍了美国最好的四个生存训练课程，所以这篇文章是写给户外运动爱好者的。故选B项。
64．A 65．B 66．D 67．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了患有自闭症的作者写作的经历，告诉我们在写作时做真实的自己，写发自内心的东西。
64．推理判断题。根据文章第一段““I can’t connect with your characters.”(“我无法与你的角色产生共鸣。”)”和第二段“I kept hearing the same feedback and was unable to understand why and not sure what to do.( 我一直听到同样的反馈，不明白为什么，也不知道该怎么做。)”可以推知，当收到经纪人的反复回应时，作者感到不解。故选A。
65．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I wrote and edited for a year, trying to respond to this agent’s feedback. But Lotus’ personality began to disappear.( 我写了一年，编辑了一年，试图回应这位经纪人的反馈。但是Lotus的个性开始消失。)”和“Now with time and distance, I realize I tried to fit Lotus into a neurotypical style to please my agent.(随着时间和距离的推移，我意识到我试图把Lotus塑造成一种典型的风格，以取悦我的经纪人。)”可知，Lotus的个性开始消失是因为作者试图取悦经纪人。故选B。
66．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“After all, what do I know about being neurotypical? My whole life, autism was my default. Not being diagnosed until 2020, I assumed the way I saw the world was “normal”.( 毕竟，我对正常神经又有什么了解呢？在我的一生中，自闭症是我的默认症状。直到2020年我才被确诊，我以为我看世界的方式是“正常的”。)”和文章最后一段“But as I mine the specificity of my lived experience, my writing is stronger.( 但当我挖掘我的生活经历的特殊性时，我的写作就更强大了。)”可知，作者的自闭症经历给了她力量。故选D。
67．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“My current agent encourages me to write from my neurodivergent(神经多样性的) experience. With this invitation, I revisited Lotus and saw her the way I first wrote her. And when I did, the characters and the entire narrative began to make more sense.(我现在的经纪人鼓励我根据我的神经发散经验来写作。带着这份邀请，我重新“拜访”了Lotus，看到了我第一次塑造她的样子。当我这样做的时候，角色和整个叙事开始变得更有意义。)”和文章最后一段“Identifying my characters as neurodivergent not only gives me joy as a writer, but it has produced my strongest writing. (把我的角色定位为神经发散者，不仅给了我作为作家的快乐，也让我写出了最精彩的作品。)”以及“But as I mine the specificity of my lived experience, my writing is stronger. There is a power to our lived experience. It’s not a limitation on our craft, but a swinging open of the gates.(但当我挖掘我的生活经历的特殊性时，我的写作就更强大了。我们的生活经历有一种力量。这并不是对我们的技术的限制，而是一扇敞开的大门。)”可知，作者从自己的经历中学到做真实的自己，写发自内心的东西。故选B。