2023达州万源中学高一下学期5月期中英语试题含解析（含听力）

这是一份2023达州万源中学高一下学期5月期中英语试题含解析（含听力），文件包含四川省达州市万源市万源中学2022-2023学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题含解析docx、四川省达州市万源市万源中学2022-2023学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题无答案docx、四川省达州市万源市万源中学2022-2023学年高一下学期5月期中英语听力mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。

万源中学高2025届高一(下)期中考试
英语试题
本试卷满分150分，考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30 分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分)
听下面5 段对话，选出最佳选项。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the woman probably want to go?
A. The supermarket. B. The bank. C. The library.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Go straight on until you get to the supermarket. Turn left there and continue down the road.
When you get to the bank, you will see the library across the road.
W: Thanks a lot.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Send an email. B. Fix her computer. C. Make dinner.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi Danny, could you have a look at my computer after dinner? My email isn’t working — I’m not receiving messages.
M: No problem.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. A painting. B. A plant. C. A plan.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: The bright colors you’ve used for those roses are fantastic!
M: Thanks, Mum! I spent hours planning the way I wanted them to look, so I’m glad you’ve noticed that. But don’t you think the painting’s a bit too large?
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why is the woman happy?
A. She met an old friend. B. She got a good job. C. She found a new flat.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: You look happy. Did you get that great job?
W: Not sure yet. But while I was coming back from the interview, I met a woman. I said I was looking for a flat in the area. And she knew somewhere. I went to see it. It’s perfect, and I’m moving in next week!
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the woman think of her Chinese lesson?
A. Interesting. B. Difficult. C. Important.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: How was your Chinese lesson?
W: Well, it was hard work learning a new language for a full hour — about half that time would be better. But the teacher gave us lots of enjoyable exercises that stopped everyone from getting bored!
第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5 分，满分22.5 分)
听下面5 段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. Why does the man speak to the woman?
A. To express thanks. B. To ask for help. C. To make a suggestion.
7. What will the man do next?
A. Introduce his trip. B. Have a health check. C. Explain how to get fit.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, how can I help you? I haven’t seen you since you fell off your bike last year. Is your arm OK now?
M: It’s fine, thanks. It didn’t hurt for long.
W: Good.
M: The thing is I’m going on a climbing trip, but I need to get fitter. How should I prepare for it?
W: OK. Can you tell me more about your trip?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What will the woman sell?
A. Her clothes. B. Her books. C. Her electronic products.
9. What does the woman suggest doing first?
A. Preparing for the sale. B. Talking to their friends. C. Having a coffee.
【答案】8. A 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: So, everything’s ready?
W: That’s right. Here are all my things — my dresses, shoes and scarves. Oh, and I have some nice coats today, too.
M: What are those books?
W: Oh, a friend has a bookstore. He wants to sell some of these old books.
M: OK. What’s the time?
W: 8:45. Do you have your things?
M: Yeah, here they are — some fantastic mobile phones today, and these two laptops.
W: Oh, they’re good. Listen, do you want to have a coffee before we start?
M: Good idea.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. When did the woman get to school today?
A. At 8:15. B. At 8:30. C. At 8:45.
11. What is the woman’s first class this year?
A. Math. B. Physics. C. Biology.
12. What did the woman forget to take to school this morning?
A. Her football shoes. B. Her schoolbag. C. Her lunch.
【答案】10. B 11. B 12. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi Amelia! How was your day?
W: Hi Jamie. It was fine, thanks, although my school bus was late. It usually leaves at 7:45, but today it came at 8:00.
M: So what time did you get to school?
W: At 8:30 — but my class started at 8:15.
M: That’s not good!
W: I know! And my timetable’s changed. Last year, my first class was math, but this morning it was physics, followed by biology. That’ll be every week now.
M: Your football shoes were in the kitchen this morning. Did you forget them?
W: I didn’t need them. But I left my lunch in the fridge. I forgot to put it in my schoolbag, so I went to the café instead.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. What does the man think his parents will buy him?
A. A pair of trainers. B. A pair of sunglasses. C. A T-shirt.
14. Who went to pick up the speakers’ parents?
A. Their neighbor. B. Their grandpa. C. Their grandma.
15. Which room will the man clean?
A. The bathroom. B. The living room. C. The bedrooms.
16. What will the speakers have to do in the kitchen?
A. Fill the fridge. B. Wash the dishes. C. Clean the floor.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: I can’t wait for Mom and Dad to come back from America! I hope they buy me those trainers I wanted.
M: They’ll probably get me a T-shirt as usual instead of the sunglasses I asked for.
W: Probably. What time are they arriving? They were leaving at 10 this morning.
M: Well, they should be here about 7. The journey takes about 8 hours. Our neighbors couldn’t go to collect them so Grandpa is going. I hope he’ll be OK. He always gets lost. Grandma is going to wait here with us.
W: Good — she can help us clean the house!
M: Good idea. I’ll do the bathroom and you do the bedrooms. And we’ll ask if she can tidy the living room. That’s easy. We can do the kitchen together.
W: That’s not a problem. We only have to fill the fridge with food. I washed the dishes and you cleaned the floor last night.
M: Great.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. How much is horse riding per student?
A. £10. B. £12. C. £25.
18. What must the students take?
A. A sleeping bag. B. A tent. C. A phone.
19. What will the students do on Saturday?
A. Go mountain biking. B. Go rock climbing. C. Go hiking.
20. When will the students leave the campsite?
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】Let me tell you about this year’s school camp. The camp starts on 9th June. The cost for the camp is £25 per student, and there is an extra cost for horse riding. That’s £12, and don’t forget to bring £10 for the bus. Now, what things will you need for the trip? Each of you will need a tent, which the school will provide, but don’t forget to bring a sleeping bag. You can bring your phones with you, but remember there is no electricity at the campsite! You’ll have the opportunity to try a lot of different activities. On Saturday morning, everyone will go hiking, and in the afternoon, you can choose between boating and swimming. On Sunday, there will be rock climbing — that’s for everyone — and on Monday, there will be horse riding and mountain biking. On Monday evening, we’ll have a special party to celebrate our last night. We’ll drive back on Tuesday afternoon, and we’ll be back at school for classes as usual on Wednesday!
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50 分)
A
Wonderful trip around the Mediterranean
Days 1-2 Barcelona, Spain
Discover the interesting buildings, Catalan culture and Gothic Quarter in Gaudi’s city of Barcelona.
Day 3 Board Regal Princess
Day 4 Relaxing at sea
Day 5 Gibraltar
You’ve got a full day to get to know this British territory (领土), home to many cultures. Choose to ride the cable car (缆车) for great views of the Rock of Gibraltar or discover the beautiful lighthouse.
Day 6 Relaxing at sea
Day 7 Marseille, France
Enjoy a full day discovering all that Provence has to offer — flower fields, fishing boats or Roman ruins (遗迹). City or countryside, you decide.
Day 8 Genoa, Italy
Get to know this busy town by walking through the wonderful streets and piazzas (public squares, especially in an Italian town).
Day 9 Florence / Pisa
Choose to visit wonderful wineries (酒庄) in Tuscany or the famous Leaning Tower of Pisa on your last day in Italy.
Day 10 Disembark (下船) Regal Princess
Go to the airport for your flight home.
Your holiday includes
• Direct flights
• 2 nights 4 star Barcelona hotel incl breakfast
• 7 nights aboard Regal Princess
• Private guide
10 day holiday from
Single room £1199
Mini double room £1,949
21. What can a visitor do on Day 5?
A. See a lighthouse. B. Go rock climbing.
C. Enjoy Catalan food. D. Visit the English countryside.
22. How long can a visitor stay in Italy?
A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days. D. Eight days.
23. Where is the text probably from?
A. A tour diary. B. A business report.
C. A travel magazine. D. A geography textbook.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几个地中海国家的旅游胜地。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 5 Gibraltar 中“You’ve got a full day to get to know this British territory (领土), home to many cultures. Choose to ride the cable car (缆车) for great views of the Rock of Gibraltar or discover the beautiful lighthouse.”（你们有一整天的时间来了解这片英属领土，这里是多种文化的发源地。选择乘坐缆车欣赏直布罗陀岩石的美景或探索美丽的灯塔。）可知，游客在第五天可以看到一座灯塔。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 8 Genoa, Italy 中“Get to know this busy town by walking through the wonderful streets and piazzas (public squares, especially in an Italian town).”（穿过美丽的街道和广场(公共广场，尤其是在意大利小镇)，了解这个繁忙的小镇。）以及Day 9 Florence / Pisa中“Choose to visit wonderful wineries (酒庄) in Tuscany or the famous Leaning Tower of Pisa on your last day in Italy.”（在意大利的最后一天，你可以选择去托斯卡纳参观美妙的酒庄，或者去参观著名的比萨斜塔。）可知，游客可以在意大利停留两天时间。故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及标题“Wonderful trip around the Mediterranean”（美妙的地中海之旅）可知，文章主要介绍了几个地中海国家的旅游胜地。由此可推知，这篇文章可能来自一本旅游杂志。故选C项。
B
Look around you — how many plastic things can you find in your house? Most homes today are almost full of plastic, from water bottles to clothes, chairs, and even computers. Regretfully, so are our rivers and oceans.
According to research about 583 billion plastic bottles were produced in 2021. That is 100 billion more than just five years ago. In 2022, five trillion (万亿) plastic bags were used. That was 160,000 every second. Americans alone used half a million drinking straws (吸管) every day.
However, very little of the plastic that goes into recycling (回收利用) bins can make it through the recycling process. Experts think that only around 9 percent of plastic is recycled. About 16 percent is burned for electricity or heat. The rest ends up in landfills (废物填埋地) or bodies of water.
So how do you make sure plastic things you use are recycled? Begin by making sure the things you put in your recycling bin can be recycled. And in most cases, plastic things can’t be used again if they have more than one kind of plastic in them. That’s because some plastics can’t be mixed together.
How about those plastic things that are able to be recycled at a recycling center? First, workers make sure that each plastic is clean. After that, the plastic things are made into small pieces. At last, they are melted (熔化) and used to create new things. One of the commonly seen products is new plastic bottles. Recycled plastic can also be used to make clothes, pens, pencils, and building materials!
24. What does the author want to tell us in paragraph 1?
A. We can’t live without plastic. B. We shouldn’t make plastic things.
C. We should worry about plastic. D. We are making more and more plastic things.
25. How does the author show plastic is a problem in paragraph 2?
A. By telling a story. B. By listing numbers.
C. By asking questions. D. By describing a scene.
26. According to paragraph 3, how much plastic can be reused?
A. About 9%. B. About 16%.
C. About 25%. D. About 75%.
27. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. How people create plastic things.
B. What happens to recycled plastic things.
C. Why plastic things have to be recycled.
D. Where plastic things go after they are thrown away.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了塑料垃圾如何被回收利用。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Look around you — how many plastic things can you find in your house? Most homes today are almost full of plastic, from water bottles to clothes, chairs, and even computers. Regretfully, so are our rivers and oceans.”（看看你的周围，你在家里能找到多少塑料制品？现在大多数家庭几乎都是塑料，从水瓶到衣服，椅子，甚至电脑。遗憾的是，我们的河流和海洋也是如此。）可推知，作者在第一段想告诉我们应该担心塑料问题。故选C项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“According to research, about 583 billion plastic bottles were produced in 2021. That is 100 billion more than just five years ago. In 2022, five trillion (万亿) plastic bags were used. That was 160,000 every second. Americans alone used half a million drinking straws (吸管) every day.”（根据研究，2021年约生产5830亿个塑料瓶。这比五年前多了1000亿美元。2022年，全球使用了5万亿个塑料袋。也就是每秒16万。仅美国人每天就使用50万根吸管。）可推知，作者在第2段通过列出数字表明塑料是一个问题。故选B项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Experts think that only around 9 percent of plastic is recycled. About 16 percent is burned for electricity or heat. The rest ends up in landfills (废物填埋地) or bodies of water.”（专家认为，只有大约9%的塑料被回收利用。约16%的能源用于发电或供热。其余的则被填埋在垃圾填埋场或水体中。）可知，有大约9%+16%=25%的塑料可以重复使用。故选C项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“How about those plastic things that are able to be recycled at a recycling center? First, workers make sure that each plastic is clean. After that, the plastic things are made into small pieces. At last, they are melted (熔化) and used to create new things. One of the commonly seen products is new plastic bottles. Recycled plastic can also be used to make clothes, pens, pencils, and building materials!”（那些可以在回收中心回收的塑料物品呢？首先，工人们要确保每个塑料都是干净的。在那之后，塑料的东西被做成小块。最后，它们被熔化(熔)，用来创造新的东西。最常见的产品之一是新塑料瓶。回收的塑料还可以用来做衣服、钢笔、铅笔和建筑材料！）可知，最后一段主要讲的是回收的塑料物品会发生什么？故选B项。
C
At 71 years old, Kathrine Virginia Switzer has run 40 marathons (马拉松赛跑) in her life — and she has no intention of stopping anytime soon.
Switzer first came to the public eye in 1967, when she was the first woman to run the Boston Marathon. Back then, she had to use her initials (姓名的首字母), K.V., instead of her first name to sign up because women weren’t allowed to enter. When people realized what Switzer had done, a race manager tried physically pushing her off during the run. But she managed to keep on, finishing in four hours and twenty minutes.
In 2017 Switzer entered again at age 70. She finished in 4:44:31. Two years before the race, Switzer had her plan. She wanted to work out a training plan. “It was important for me not to get injured during that two-year period or get ill,” she says.
In her 20s, Switzer would work out twice a day, and run a marathon distance once a week. She says looking back, that was probably too intense (强烈的), and she cut back for her 2017 Boston run. She ran every other day, doing strength or core training on the opposite days. This gave her body the chance to recover (恢复) between workouts.
The Boston Marathon wasn’t the only thing on Switzer’s bucket list. She also won the New York City Marathon in 1974. Back then the whole race was in Central Park, though, and she’d love to take on the new route.
The marathoner says people talk about seniors the way they talked about women 50 years ago, thinking they’re too weak to be athletes. “Seniors have been changing ideas about what abilities and limits are really about,” she says. “They are full of optimism (乐观). These people are looking forward to getting older. ”
To anyone who think they’re too old to get fit, Switzer says just working up the courage to take that first walk or jump in the pool is the hardest part. If you’re nervous, ask a friend to come along so you can move on together and feel less worried, she says.
28. What happened to Switzer in the 1967 Boston Marathon?
A. She was pushed over and got badly injured.
B. She signed up for the race using her first name.
C. She became known for taking first place in the run.
D. She continued with the race after being asked to stop.
29. What was Switzer’s training plan for her 2017 Boston run?
A. Doing exercise every other day.
B. Working out at the proper intensity.
C. Running a marathon distance once a week.
D. Doing two months’ hard training before the race.
30. What does Switzer say about seniors?
A. They are open to new ideas.
B. They are a bit afraid of getting older.
C. They are hopeful and still able to do sports.
D. They soon become weak and should place their health first.
31. What is Switzer’s suggestion for someone nervous about their first workout?
A. Doing it with a friend. B. Avoiding hard exercise.
C. Asking a coach for help. D. Caring little about looks.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了现年71岁的凯瑟琳·维吉尼亚·斯威策一生中已经跑了40场马拉松，而且她短期内不打算停下来的故事。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“When people realized what Switzer had done, a race manager tried physically pushing her off during the run. But she managed to keep on, finishing in four hours and twenty minutes.”（当人们意识到斯威策的所作所为时，一名比赛经理试图在比赛中用身体把她推下去。但她坚持了下来，在4小时20分钟内完成了比赛。）可知，斯威策在1967年波士顿马拉松比赛中在被要求停下来之后，她继续比赛。故选D项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Two years before the race, Switzer had her plan. She wanted to work out a training plan. “It was important for me not to get injured during that two-year period or get ill,” she says.”（比赛前两年，斯威策就有了自己的计划。她想制定一个训练计划。她说：“对我来说，在这两年的时间里不受伤或生病很重要。”）可知，斯威策2017年波士顿长跑的训练计划是在适当的强度下锻炼。故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““Seniors have been changing ideas about what abilities and limits are really about,” she says. “They are full of optimism (乐观). These people are looking forward to getting older. ””（她说：“老年人一直在改变对能力和极限的真正理解。”“他们充满了乐观。这些人期待着变老。”）以及最后一段中“To anyone who think they’re too old to get fit, Switzer says just working up the courage to take that first walk or jump in the pool is the hardest part.”（对于那些认为自己年纪太大而无法健身的人来说，斯威策说，最困难的部分就是鼓起勇气第一次散步或跳进游泳池。）可推知，斯威策认为老年人他们充满希望，而且还能做运动。故选C项。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If you’re nervous, ask a friend to come along so you can move on together and feel less worried, she says.”（她说，如果你感到紧张，可以叫一个朋友一起来，这样你们就可以一起往前走，不用那么担心。）可知，对于那些对第一次锻炼感到紧张的人，斯威策建议和朋友一起做。故选A项。
D
Four schools from Beijing were in Hull to put on a show.
The schools, all from the Fengtai District in Beijing, have close ties to the city. Groups of students from Beijing and Hull regularly visit each other as part of a cultural and educational exchange programme.
Today’s special performance at Hull City Hall included various forms of traditional Chinese music, dance and acrobatics (杂技).
Lewis Anderson, 26, started learning Chinese at the age of 13 and acts as a translator and organiser when the Chinese students visit the UK. He also currently studies at a university in China.
He said: “Cultural exchanges are really important because children start to appreciate everything in life. They start to learn that there isn’t only their view on things and they start to look at other cultures and appreciate their history and beauty. For example, when Hull students visit China, they might visit the Great Wall and enjoy traditional dancing and opera, and then they come home and think ‘What do we have that is the equivalent (相等的东西) of that?’ and they look at all the different things that we have and it starts to open their minds.”
The Chinese students are on a 12-day visit to the UK, visiting eight different cities, including four days in Hull. As part of their visit to Hull, they were invited to visit various museums, galleries and tourist sites in the city.
Lewis said: “The children love exploring Hull because it’s rich in history and everywhere you look it’s old, beautiful and attractive.”
At Hull City Hall the Chinese students performed a traditional Peking Opera, which combines music, vocal performance, dance and acrobatics. The performance is famous for featuring fantastic costumes and dazzling make-up.
32. What did the students do at Hull City Hall?
A. They went to the opera.
B. They performed Peking Opera.
C. They taught the locals Peking Opera.
D. They introduced their schools to the locals.
33. What did Lewis say about cultural exchanges?
A. They bring tradition to life.
B. They should get more public attention.
C. They benefit students in their development.
D. They inspire more children to study in China.
34. Which of the following best describes the students’ visit to Hull?
A. It was a week-long tour.
B. It was a journey into history.
C. It changed their attitudes to the UK.
D. It put them on the road to self-discovery.
35. What is the text?
A. A short story. B. A play review.
C. A travel journal. D. A news report.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了来自北京的四所学校在赫尔进行了一场表演的事情。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“At Hull City Hall the Chinese students performed a traditional Peking Opera, which combines music, vocal performance, dance and acrobatics.”（在赫尔市政厅，中国学生表演了传统的京剧，集音乐、声乐、舞蹈和杂技于一体。）可知，学生们在赫尔市政厅表演了京剧。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“He said: “Cultural exchanges are really important because children start to appreciate everything in life. They start to learn that there isn’t only their view on things and they start to look at other cultures and appreciate their history and beauty. For example, when Hull students visit China, they might visit the Great Wall and enjoy traditional dancing and opera, and then they come home and think ‘What do we have that is the equivalent (相等的东西) of that?’ and they look at all the different things that we have and it starts to open their minds.””（他说：“文化交流非常重要，因为孩子们开始欣赏生活中的一切。他们开始了解到，对事物的看法不仅仅是他们自己的，他们开始关注其他文化，欣赏他们的历史和美。例如，当赫尔大学的学生访问中国时，他们可能会参观长城，欣赏传统舞蹈和歌剧，然后他们回家后会想:“我们有什么与之相当的东西？”’他们看到我们拥有的所有不同的东西，这开始打开他们的思维。”）可知，关于文化交流，刘易斯认为他们有利于学生的发展。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Lewis said: “The children love exploring Hull because it’s rich in history and everywhere you look it’s old, beautiful and attractive.””（刘易斯说：“孩子们喜欢探索赫尔城，因为这里历史悠久，放眼望去，到处都是古老、美丽、迷人的景象。”）可推知，学生们对赫尔大学的访问更像是一次历史之旅。故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及标题“Four schools from Beijing were in Hull to put on a show.”（来自北京的四所学校在赫尔进行了一场表演。）可知，文章主要详细报道了来自北京的四所学校在赫尔进行了一场表演的事情。由此可推知，这篇文本应该是后一篇新闻报道。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lying to friends and family members may seem like a way to lose their trust. ___36___Researchers found that lying for the right reasons can actually strengthen some social bonds (联系).
___37___ That depends on the situation. Lying to cover up a misdeed (不端行为), known as anti-social lying, isn’t likely to improve your relationships. ___38___ On the other hand, lies told to help another person are good for relationships. It is commonly known as telling a white lie.
To study how these two types of lies affect relationships within social groups, researchers created a hypothetical (假定的) mathematical model. The model showed that individuals who tell anti-social lies become isolated (孤立的) within their social networks sometimes. ___39___ In fact, these individuals are likely to form strong links with other individuals within their social networks.
While the researchers created a hypothetical model, it could be used to understand how lying affects groups of friends in the real world. ___40___
A. Do white lies serve a social function?
B. And real-world lies can take many forms.
C. What exactly are the “right” reasons for lying?
D. But new research suggests this may not always be the case.
E. This type of lie weakens the friendships between two people.
F. However, individuals who tell white lies don’t have such feeling.
G. It could also help scientists understand the influence of lying in online communities.
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. E 39. F 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对朋友和家人撒谎似乎是失去他们信任的一种方式。但新的研究表明，情况并非总是如此。研究人员发现，出于正当理由撒谎实际上可以加强某些社会关系。
【36题详解】
上文“Lying to friends and family members may seem like a way to lose their trust.”（对朋友和家人撒谎似乎是失去他们信任的一种方式。）引出话题，说明撒谎似乎是失去他们信任的一种方式。下文“Researchers found that lying for the right reasons can actually strengthen some social bonds (联系).”（研究人员发现，出于正当理由撒谎实际上可以加强一些社会纽带。）可知，和上文意思形成转折，可推知空格处内容为情况并非总是如此。结合选项D项But new research suggests this may not always be the case.（但新的研究表明，情况并非总是如此。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
【37题详解】
根据下文“That depends on the situation. Lying to cover up a misdeed (不端行为), known as anti-social lying, isn’t likely to improve your relationships.”（那要看情况而定。用谎言来掩盖错误行为，被称为反社会的谎言，不太可能改善你的人际关系。）可知，提到用谎言来掩盖错误的行为和帮助别人而撒的谎。可知都与撒谎的理由有关。结合选项C项What exactly are the “right” reasons for lying?（说谎的“正确”理由到底是什么？）意思一致，为总结下文内容。故选C项。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Lying to cover up a misdeed (不端行为), known as anti-social lying, isn’t likely to improve your relationships.”（用谎言来掩盖错误行为，被称为反社会的谎言，不太可能改善你的人际关系。）以及下文“On the other hand, lies told to help another person are good for relationships.”（另一方面，为了帮助别人而说的谎言对人际关系有好处。）说明相反方面的情况。可推知，空格处内容为还是在说消极的内容。结合选项E项This type of lie weakens the friendships between two people.（这种谎言会削弱两个人之间的友谊。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“The model showed that individuals who tell anti-social lies become isolated (孤立的) within their social networks sometimes.”（该模型显示，说反社会谎言的人有时会在他们的社交网络中变得孤立。）可推知，空格处应该是对比说善意谎言的人的情况。结合选项F项However, individuals who tell white lies don’t have such feeling.（然而，说善意谎言的人没有这种感觉。）符合此推断，且前后两句的句型都是相似的individuals who tell…。故选F项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“While the researchers created a hypothetical model, it could be used to understand how lying affects groups of friends in the real world.”（虽然研究人员创建了一个假设模型，但它可以用来理解谎言如何影响现实世界中的一群朋友。）可知，提到它可以用来理解谎言如何影响现实世界中的朋友群体，可知后面还是在说它的用途，结合选项G项It could also help scientists understand the influence of lying in online communities.（它还可以帮助科学家了解在线社区中谎言的影响。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15 小题;每小题1 分，满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Du Yuanwei, a teacher in a rural (乡村的) school in China’s Hunan Province, has dedicated (奉献) herself to teaching local children for nine years.
Du started to ____41____ in a rural school after graduating from college. She was once ___42___ by a little boy in her school. “I asked him what his ____43____ was. And he told me his dream was to find a job after he finished junior school. I never thought that a ____44____ would have such a dream, because he did not even realize that he could continue his ____45____ and go to college,” she said.
Du decided to focus on widening the rural children’s horizons (视野) ____46____ offering material support to them. She ____47____ a photography club and taught the children to take pictures of the beautiful things around them.
In 2018, she worked with some teachers to bring ____48____ into the classroom. They improved the library facilities at the school and established a reading corner. Such ____49____ have enabled the students to enjoy reading, gain more _____50_____, and widen their horizons.
“75 percent of all the _____51_____ at our junior school this year went to high schools; the rest went to vocational (职业的) schools. Not a single student chose to _____52_____ after graduating from our junior school,” Du said.
The _____53_____ made by her students have given the _____54_____ teacher a sense of achievement. “I want to share my experience with young teachers to let them know that they can develop their career and do something _____55_____ even in the countryside.”
41. A. wait B. study C. research D. teach
42. A. impressed B. moved C. protected D. accepted
43. A. idea B. dream C. choice D. interest
44. A. friend B. classmate C. child D. father
45. A. career B. education C. exploration D. service
46. A. apart from B. because of C. as for D. thanks to
47. A. joined B. changed C. established D. reported
48. A. writing B. art C. reading D. science
49. A. memories B. efforts C. wishes D. challenges
50. A. respect B. knowledge C. time D. exercise
51. A. visitors B. parents C. managers D. graduates
52. A. work B. escape C. leave D. refuse
53. A. suggestions B. contributions C. promises D. successes
54. A. strict B. shy C. selfless D. traditional
55. A. meaningful B. similar C. popular D. stressful
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. C 49. B 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了中国湖南省一所农村学校的教师——杜老师为当地的孩子们奉献了九年的教学工作，以及给这些农村的孩子们带来希望的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学毕业后，杜开始在一所农村学校教书。A. wait等待；B. study学习；C. research研究；D. teach教。根据上文“has dedicated (奉献) herself to teaching local children for nine years.”可知，此处为大学毕业后，杜开始在一所农村学校教书。故选D项。
42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她曾经对学校里的一个小男孩印象深刻。A. impressed给某人留下印象；B. moved打动；C. protected保护；D. accepted接受。根据上下文语境以及下文“I never thought that a ____4____ would have such a dream,”可推知，此处为她曾经对学校里的一个小男孩印象深刻。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我问他的梦想是什么。A. idea想法；B. dream梦想；C. choice选择；D. interest兴趣。根据下文“And he told me his dream…”可知，此处为我问他的梦想是什么。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从未想过一个孩子会有这样的梦想，因为他甚至没有意识到他可以继续他的教育，上大学，”她说。A. friend朋友；B. classmate同学；C. child孩子；D. father父亲。根据上文提到的“…by a little boy in her school”可知，此处为我从未想过一个孩子会有这样的梦想。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从未想过一个孩子会有这样的梦想，因为他甚至没有意识到他可以继续他的教育，上大学，”她说。A. career事业；B. education教育；C. exploration探索；D. service服务。根据上文“And he told me his dream was to find a job after he finished junior school.”以及该句中的“he did not even realize that he could continue…and go to college”可推知，此处为因为他甚至没有意识到他可以继续他的教育。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了为农村儿童提供物质支持外，杜决定把重点放在拓宽农村儿童的视野上。A. apart from除了；B. because of由于；C. as for至于；D. thanks to归功于。根据上文“Du decided to focus on widening the rural children’s horizons (视野)”可知，此处为除了为农村儿童提供物质支持外，杜决定把重点放在拓宽农村儿童的视野上。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她成立了一个摄影俱乐部，教孩子们拍摄周围美丽的事物。A. joined参加；B. changed改变；C. established建立；D. reported报道。根据句意以及该句中的“a photography club”可知，此处为她成立了一个摄影俱乐部，教孩子们拍摄周围美丽的事物。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2018年，她与一些老师合作，将阅读带入课堂。A. writing写作；B. art艺术；C. reading阅读；D. science科学。根据下文“They improved the library facilities at the school and established a reading corner.”可推知，此处为2018年，她与一些老师合作，将阅读带入课堂。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的努力使学生们享受阅读，获得更多的知识，开阔了他们的视野。A. memories记忆；B. efforts努力；C. wishes愿望；D. challenges挑战。根据上文所陈述做的一系列的行为可知，此处为这样的努力使学生们享受阅读。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的努力使学生们享受阅读，获得更多的知识，开阔了他们的视野。A. respect尊敬；B. knowledge知识；C. time时间；D. exercise锻炼。根据该句中的“Such efforts have enabled the students to enjoy reading”以及“and widen their horizons.”可推知，此处为这样的努力使学生们享受阅读，获得更多的知识，开阔了他们的视野。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年我们初中75%的毕业生都上了高中；剩下的人去了职业学校。A. visitors游客；B. parents父母；C. managers经理；D. graduates毕业生。根据句意以及该句中的“at our junior school this year went to high schools”可知，此处为今年我们初中75%的毕业生都上了高中。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有一个学生在我们初中毕业后选择工作。A. work工作；B. escape逃脱；C. leave离开；D. refuse拒绝。根据上文“And he told me his dream was to find a job after he finished junior school.”提到初中毕业后找工作，以及下文老师杜所做出的的努力可推知，此处为没有一个学生在我们初中毕业后选择工作。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们的成功给了无私的老师一种成就感。A. suggestions建议；B. contributions贡献；C. promises承诺；D. successes成功。根据上文提到的今年我们初中75%的毕业生都上了高中；剩下的人去了职业学校。没有一个学生在我们初中毕业后选择工作。可知，这些都是老师努力成功后的结果。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们的成功给了无私的老师一种成就感。A. strict严格的；B. shy害羞的；C. selfless无私的；D. traditional传统的。根据句意以及“a sense of achievement.”可推知，此处为学生们的成功给了无私的老师一种成就感。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想与年轻教师分享我的经验，让他们知道，即使在农村，他们也可以发展自己的事业，做一些有意义的事情。A. meaningful有意义的；B. similar相似的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. stressful有压力的。根据句意以及该句中的“they can develop their career”可知，此处为让他们知道，即使在农村，他们也可以发展自己的事业，做一些有意义的事情。故选A项。
第二节(共10 小题;每小题1.5 分，满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s Shenzhou 14 astronauts have handed over (交接) control of the Tiangong space station and returned _____56_____ Earth. The capsule (航天舱) set down _____57_____ (safe) at 8:09 p.m. on Dec. 4, 2022.
The safe return marks the end of a six-month-long mission. During the mission, astronauts Chen Dong, Liu Yang _____58_____ Cai Xuzhe oversaw (监督) the arrival of the second and third modules (舱) for Tiangong and carried out three spacewalks to test out new _____59_____ (facility). After the three astronauts landed on Earth, they shortly _____60_____ (radio) that they were feeling fine.
Before _____61_____ (leave), the crew (全体工作人员) played _____62_____ (they) part in the country’s first crew handover in the space station. It allowed both Shenzhou 14 and the newly arrived Shenzhou 15 crews _____63_____ (spend) five days together onboard. The get-together marked the first time China has had six astronauts in space at _____64_____ same time.
Chen, Liu and Cai also hosted a live lecture and sent home ______65______ (wonder) pictures of the Earth and moon.
【答案】56 to 57. safely
58. and 59. facilities
60. radioed
61. leaving
62. their 63. to spend
64. the 65. wonderful
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。中国神舟十四号宇航员已经移交对天宫空间站的控制权并返回地球。太空舱于2022年12月4日晚上8点09分安全着陆。
【56题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：中国神舟十四号宇航员已经移交对天宫空间站的控制权并返回地球。表示“返回”短语为return to。故填to。
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意：太空舱于2022年12月4日晚上8点09分安全着陆。修饰动词短语set down应用副词safely，作状语。故填safely。
【58题详解】
考查连词。句意：在这次任务中，宇航员陈冬、刘洋和蔡旭哲监督了天宫二号和第三个模块的抵达，并进行了三次太空行走以测试新设施。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【59题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在这次任务中，宇航员陈冬、刘洋和蔡旭哲监督了天宫二号和第三个模块的抵达，并进行了三次太空行走以测试新设施。facility为可数名词，前文没有冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填facilities。
【60题详解】
考查时态。句意：三名宇航员降落在地球上后不久就用无线电说他们感觉很好。描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填radioed。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在离开之前，宇航员们参加了该国在空间站的首次人员交接。作介词before的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填leaving。
【62题详解】
考查代词。句意：在离开之前，宇航员们参加了该国在空间站的首次人员交接。修饰名词part应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它允许神舟14号和新到达的神舟15号机组人员在飞船上一起度过5天。此处为短语allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”。故填to spend。
【64题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这次聚会标志着中国首次有六名宇航员同时进入太空。表示“同时”短语为at the same time。故填the。
【65题详解】
考查形容词。句意：陈、刘和蔡还主持了一场现场讲座，并把地球和月球的精彩照片寄回家。修饰后文名词pictures应用形容词wonderful，作定语。故填wonderful。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40 分)
第一节(满分15 分)
66. 假定你是李华，周末你计划和同学去森林公园宿营基地宿营。请你给你校留学生Peter 写一封信，邀请他参加，内容包括：
1. 见面的时间、地点;
2. 邀请他参加的原因。
注意：写作词数应为80 左右。
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
How’s everything been going recently? I’m going to camp with my friends this weekend, and I’m writing to invite you to join us. I think exploring the outdoors is beneficial to us, as it helps us to get close to nature and relax. Meanwhile, you can meet some new people, who are very friendly and humorous.
We will meet at 8:00 in front of the forest park on Saturday. We plan to have some snacks, take photos and play some games. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生彼得写信邀请他参加森林公园宿营基地宿营活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
最近：recently →lately
有益于：be beneficial to → be good for
同时：meanwhile →at the same time
打算做某事：plan to do → intend to do →mean to do
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m going to camp with my friends this weekend, and I’m writing to invite you to join us.
拓展句：I’m going to camp with my friends this weekend. Because I know you are fond of it, I’m writing to invite you to join us.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I think exploring the outdoors is beneficial to us, as it helps us to get close to nature and relax.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句，以及as引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】Meanwhile, you can meet some new people, who are very friendly and humorous.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构 成一篇完整的短文。
That afternoon, I had a lot of work to do. The first stop I needed to make was my mobile phone store because I didn’t know how to download apps or find music. Luckily, Carlos stood behind the counter (柜台), helping a gentleman. Carlos was quick, so I knew the wait wouldn’t be long.
Within seconds, an elderly lady hoisted (提升) her walker onto the sidewalk out front. Without saying anything, Carlos jumped over the counter, opened the door, and helped her inside. The lady sat next to me as Carlos returned to his first customer. The poor guy had missed a lot of work because his wife had been hospitalized with cancer ( 癌症). I don’t know how he did it, but Carlos made a call and got his late fees dropped and a forty-five-day extension (延长) on his payment. A few seconds later, that poor guy walked out of the store excitedly.
Carlos started my download and then went about talking with the lady in the walker. Surprisingly, she was there to bring Carlos some cookies for being so nice to her.
I was in the store for only ten minutes. And in that small amount of time, I’d seen so much consideration and kindness. That night, I kept thinking about Carlos, how he called each customer by name, and how he made everyone feel like family.
The next day, I wrote a nice letter to Carlos’s boss. I thought his boss would be interested to know how Carlos treats people. Since I took my time and did a pretty good job, I decided to mail copies to their local headquarters, their state headquarters, and the CEO.
A couple of months later, I tried to open my music app and deleted (删除) it instead. I was mad at myself. No worry, though. I realized that I could go to the phone store and see if kind Carlos would help me.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右;
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
When I entered the store, there was a mile-long line and no Carlos but an overworked woman behind the counter.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The woman said: “Carlos doesn’t work here anymore. Some woman wrote a letter and ...”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
When I entered the store, there was a mile-long line and no Carlos but an overworked woman behind the counter. When it was my turn, I explained my problem. She shook her head and looked at me impatiently. “Sorry, that’s really not my job,” she stated. “But I’ll do it this one time because I know you’ve waited so long.” Then I nervously asked her why Carlos was not working, wondering if he was taking a day off or something bad had happened.
The woman said: “Carlos doesn’t work here anymore. Some woman wrote a letter and ...” I was surprised and nervous, worrying that I’d said something that got Carlos fired. Then I was told that headquarters had liked the letter so much that they had given him his own store. She handed me my phone in a few minutes and then I turned to walk out happily. “Good for him, I guess,” she called out. “Because his wife has just had their first baby.” I nodded and then walked toward the door happily. Sometimes, kindness is the thing by which society is connected.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者去手机店修手机感受到了卡洛斯的善良，后来一次偶然的机会发现卡洛斯不在店里，经询问之后了解实情的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我走进商店时，那里排着一英里长的队，柜台后面没有卡洛斯，只有一个劳累过度的女人。”可知，第一段可描写作者和这个女人交谈的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“女人说:“卡洛斯已经不在这里工作了。”可知，第二段可描写作者了解到卡洛斯不在这里工作的真实原因。
2.续写线索：没看到卡洛斯——我和柜台女人的对话——我问女人卡洛斯为什么不在这里工作——了解到真实原因——我高兴地走了——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①解释：explained / accounted for / clarify
②递交：handed /passed
③.朝……走去：walked toward /went over
情绪类
①紧张地：nervously / tensely
②惊讶的：surprised / amazed/astonished
【点睛】
[高分句型1] But I’ll do it this one time because I know you’ve waited so long.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句。）
[高分句型2] I was surprised and nervous, worrying that I’d said something that got Carlos fired.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语以及that引导的宾语从句。）